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Krok \ Dentistry \ Krok 1 \ Booklets \ 2006 year

1 A 25 year old patient had in the dentist’s room a sudden attack of bronchial asthma. The
doctor gave him salbutamol in the form of inhalation. What is the mechanism of action of
this preparation?

A Blocks M-cholinergic receptors

B Blocks Hi-histamine receptors
C Blocks phosphodiesterase
D Stimulates 3v-adrenoreceptors
E Stimulates ^-adrenoreceptors

2 A patient has liver cirrhosis. Analysis of what substance excreted with urine may
characterize the state of antitoxic liver function?

A Hippuric acid
B Uric acid
C Ammonian salts
D Creatinine
E Amino acids

3 During the histologic lung analysis of a man who died from cardiac insufficiency the
inflammation focuses were revealed. Alveoles were full of light-pink fluid, here and there
with pinkish fibers that formed a close-meshed reticulum with a small number of
lymphocytes. What type of exudate is present in lungs?

A Fibrinous
B Serofibrinous
C Serous
D Hemorrhagic
E Purulent

4 After a hemorrhage into the brainstem a patient has lost reflex of myosis as a reaction to
increase of illumination. What structure was damaged?

A Lateral reticular nuclei

B Vegetative nuclei of oculomotor nerve
C Black substance
D Red nuclei
E Medial reticular nuclei

5 A patient with adenoma of glomeral zone of adrenal cortex (Conn’s disease) has arterial
hypertension, convulsions, polyuria. What is the main link in pathogenesis of these
disorders?

A Aldosterone hypersecretion
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B Catecholamine hypersecretion
C Glucocorticoid hyposecretion
D Glucocorticoid hypersecretion
E Aldosterone hyposecretion

6 A woman in grave condition was admitted to a hospital with the following diagnosis:
hemorrhagic stroke in the region of frontal part of the right cerebral hemisphere. The
damage of what artery caused most likely this condition?

A A .communicans posterior
B A.cerebri anterior
C A.communicans anterior
D A.cerebri posterior
E A.cerebri media

7 During the embryogenesis of oral cavity the development of dental enamel was disturbed.
What source of dental development was damaged?

A Epithelium
B Dental papilla
C Mesenchyma
D Dental saccule
E Mesoderma

8 A patient with systemic scleroderma has an intensified collagen destruction. What amino
acid will be intensively excreted with urine and reflect processes of collagen destruction?

A Tryptophan
B Serine
C Oxyproline
D Alanine
E Phenylalanine

9 For assessment of the neutralizing function of liver a patient with chronic hepatitis went
through a test with natrium benzoate load. The excretion of what acid with urine will
characterize the neutralizing function of liver?

A Valeric acid
B Citric acid
C Hippuric acid
D Phenylacetic acid
E Oxalic acid

10 Histologic examination revealed in all layers of appendix a big number of

polymorthonuclear leukocytes; hyperemia, stases. What disease are these symptoms typical
for?
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A Chronic appendicitis
B Simple appendicitis
C Phlegmonous appendicitis
D Gangrenous appendicitis
E Superficial appendicitis

11 A patient with an acute rhinitis has hyperemia and excessive mucus formation in nasal
cavity. What epithelial cells of mucous membrane have the intensified activity?

A Endocrine cells
B Microvillous cells
C Ciliated cells
D Goblet cells
E Basal cells

12 A man consumes dry food. What salivary glands secret most of all?

A Parotides
B Sublingual
C Palatine
D Buccal
E Submandibular

13 A patient who takes tetracyclin was recommended not to consume dairy products. Why
did the doctor give him such recommendation?

A They inhibit antibiotic absorption

B Gastrointestinal digestion may be disturbed
C Antibiotic toxicity increases
D They increase risk of dysbacteriosis
E Dairy products don’t assimilate

14 A patient has been taking glucocorticoids for a long time. Drug withdrowal caused acute
attack of his disease, blood pressure reduction, weakness. What are these occurences
connected with?

A Adrenal glands insufficiency

B Drug habituation
C Hyperproduction of corticotroph hormone
D Sensibilisation
E Cumulation

15 A lot of pyoinflammatory processes in oral cavity are caused by anaerobes. What

nutrient medium can be used for conrol of wound textile contamination by anaerobes?

A Kitt-Tarozzi
B Endo
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C Roux
D Ploskirev’s
E Sabouraud’s

16 The microscopic analysis of bronch biopsy revealed a tumor that consisted of

circumscribed accumulations of atypical cells of multylayer plane epithelium, here and
there with typical "pearls". What is the most likely diagnosis?

A Scirrhus
B Epidermoid cancer without keratini-zation
C Mucous carcinoma
D Solid carcinoma
E Epidermoid cancer with keratinization

17 A patient with disorder of cerebral circulation has problems with deglutition. What part
of cerebrum was damaged?

A Midbrain
B Forebrain
C Brainstem
D Interbrain
E Servical part of spinal cord

18 A patient with chronic hypoglycemia had adrenaline introduction. After introduction

blood test hasn’t changed essentially. Doctor assumed liver pathology. What liver function
may have been changed?

A Function of cholesterin production

B Function of glycogen depositing
C Ketogenic function
D Glycolytic function
E Excretory function

19 During the preparation of a patient for a heart operation the doctors measured blood
pressure in heart chambers. In one of them the pressure was changing from 0 to 120 mm
during one cardiac cycle. Name the heart chamber:

A Left atrium
B Right ventricle
C-
D Left ventricle
E Right atrium

20 A patient has the inflammation of middle ear (otitis). At the same time he claims to have
the disorder of gustatory sensation in the front part of tongue. What nerve is damaged?

A N.vestibulo — cochlearis
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B N.trigeminus
C N.glossopharyngeus
D N.vagus
E N.facialis

21 A patient with an acute myocarditis has the clinic presentations of cardiogenic shock.
What pathogenetic mechanism plays the main part in shock development?

A Depositing of blood in veins

B Decrease of diastolic flow to the heart
C Disorder of pumping ability of heart
D Increase of vascular tone
E Decrease of vascular tone

22 During the postsynthetic period of mitotic cycle the synthesis of tubulin proteins was
disturbed. These proteins take part in construction of division spindle. It can lead to the
disturbance of:

A Spiralization of chromosomes
B Despiralization of chromosomes
C Cytokinesis
D Mitosis duration
E Chromosomes’ disjunction

23 A 7 year old child had an acute onset of disease. Pediatrician stated that mucous
membrane of fauces is hyperemic and covered with a lot of mucus. Mucous membrane of
cheeks has whitish stains. Next day the child’s skin of face, neck, body was covered with
coarsely-papular rash. What disease may be presumed?

A Scarlet fever
B Allergic dermatitis
C Meningococcemia
D Measles
E Diphteria

24 During the electronical microscopic analysis of salivary gland the cell fragmets were
revealed which are surrounded by a membrane and contain condensed particles of nuclear
substance and solitary organelles; the inflammatory reaction around these cells is absent.
What process is meant?

A Karyopicnosis
B Karyolysis
C Karyorhexis
D Apoptosis
E Coagulation necrosis
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25 A patient has disorder of airways patency at the level of small and middle bronchs. What
changes of acid-base balance may take place?

A Acid-base balance won’t change

B Respiratory acidosis
C Respiratory akcalosis
D Metabolic acidosis
E Metabolic alkalosis

26 A patient complains of aching gums and maxillary teeth. What nerve is inflamed?

A Accessory
B I branch of the V pair
C Sublingual
D III branch of the V pair
E II branch of the V pair

27 The body temperature of a patient with an infectious disease rises once in two days up
to 39,5 — 40,50C and stays so for about an hour and then drops to the initial level. What
type of fever is it?

A Continued
B Remittent
C Hectic
D Atypical
E Intermittent

28 The impact of oxitocine on uterus wall helps to stop uterine bleeding after labor. What
membrane of this oragan reacts on the effect of this hormone?

A Endometrium
B Submucous membrane
C Perimetrium
D Myometrium
E Parametrium

29 A 53 year old patient consulted a doctor about white patch on the mucous membrane of
tongue. This patch sticks out from the mucous membrane, its surface is cracked.
Microscopic analysis reveals thickening of multilayer epithelium, parakeratosis and
acanthosis. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A Geographic tongue
B Median rhomboid glossitis
C Leukoplakia
D Epidermoid cancer
E Papilloma
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30 A woman has ovary hyperemia, increase of hematofollicular barrier permeability with

edema development, infiltration of follicle wall by segmentonucleai leukocytes. The volume
of follicle is big, its wall is thinned. What period of sex cycle does the described picture
correspond with?

A Preovulatory stage
B Relative rest period
C Postmenstrual period
D Ovulation
E Menstrual period

31 Mother of a two year old child consulted a dentist. In the period of pregnancy she was
non-systematically taking antibiotics to treat an infectious disease. The child’s examination
revealed incisor destruction, yellow enamel, brown limbus of dental cervix. What
preparation was mother taking during her pregnancy?

A Ampiox
B Octadine
C Doxycycline
D Xanthinol nicotinate
E Furosemide

32 A man left a conditioned premise and went outside. The outside temperature was +40oC,
the air moisture - 60%.What way of heat emission will be mostly involved in this case?

A Conduction
B-
C Convection
D Radiation
E Sweat evaporation

33 ESR of a patient with pneumonia is 48 mm/h. What caused such changes?

A Erythrocytosis
B Hypergammaglobulinemia
C Hypogammaglobulinemia
D Hyperalbuminemia
E Hypoproteinemia

34 A patient has lost ability to recognize the objects by the typical for them sounds (clock,
bell, music). What part of brain is most likely damaged?

A Lobus frontalis
B Lobus occipitalis
C Lobus parietalis
D Lobus temporalis
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E Insula

35 A 10 year old child lives in the region where fluorine content in water is above the mark.
A dentist examined the child and found teeth damage in form of chalky and also pigmentary
stains and stripes. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A Acidic necrosis of hard tooth tissues

B Tooth erosion
C Median caries
D Wedge defects
E Fluorosis

36 In the vermiform appendix there was found a white helminth, 40 mm long with thin
filiform forward end. Ecscrements contained oval eggs with plugs at the poles. Determine
the kind of helminth:

A Whipworm
B Threadworm
C Hookworm
D Seatworm
E Ascarid

37 A 4 year old child had Mantoux test. 60 hours after tuberculin introduction a focal skin
hardening and redness 15 mm in diameter appeared. It was regarded as positive test. What
type of hypersensitivity reaction is this test based upon?

A Immediate hypersensitivity
B Immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity
C Complement-mediated cytotoxic hypersensitivity
D Delayed-type hypersensitivity
E-

38 After an operation a patient’s sensitivity of front and lateral surface of neck has reduced.
What nerve is damaged?

A N.transversus colli
B N.phrenicus
C N.auricularis magnus
D Nn.supraclaviculares
E N.occipitalis minos

39 After a psychoemotional stress a 48 year old patient had a sudden attack of acute heart
pain with irradiation to the left hand. Nitroglycerine suppressed pain in 10 minutes. What
pathogenetic mechanism is principal for the pain development?

A Embarrassement of coronary vessels

B Spasm of coronary vessels
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C Coronary vessel occlusion

D Increased need of myocardium in oxygen
E Dilatation of peripheral vessels

40 In a histological specimen the gland adenomeres should be determined. They are formed
by the cells with central round nucleus and basophilic cytoplasma. Determine the type of
adenomeres:

A Seromucous
B Serous
C Combined
D Mucous
E Sebaceous

41 A patient with inflammation of trigeminal nerve has been having progressive

paradontitis for some years. What factor is the most important for parodonti-tis
development?

A Low activity of leukocytic elastase

B Increased tone of vagus nerve
C Neurodistrophic disorders
D Poor formation of immunoglobulins
E Low activity of kallikrein-kinin system

42 During the examination of a two month boy a pediatrician noticed that the child’s cry
sounds like cat’s mewing; he revealed also microcephalia and valvular defect. By means of
cytogenetic method he determined the child’s karyotype - 46 XY, 5p-. At what stage of
mitosis was the patient’s karyotype analyzed?

A Prophase
B Anaphase
C Metaphase
D Telophase
E Prometaphase

43 There is a 9 year old boy in endocrinological department, who has already had a few
fractures of extremeties caused by fragility of bones. Malfunction of what endocrinous
glands (gland) takes place?

A Parathyroid glands
B Thyroid gland
C Thymus
D Epiphysis
E Adrenal glands
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44 A patient has pure culture of diphtheria corynebacteria. What immunological reaction

should be used in order to determine bacteria toxigenity?

A Inhibition of hemagglutination
B Complement binding
C Indirect hemagglutination
D Precipitation in agar
E Agglutination

45 Histologic analysis of uterus mucous membrane revealed twisting glands, serrated and
spinned, they were extended by stroma growth with proliferation of its cells. Formulate a
diagnosis:

A Glandular hyperplasia of endometrium

B Acute endometritis
C Cystic mole
D Leiomyoma
E Placental polyp

46 Patient with pigmentary xeroderma are characterized by anamalously high sensivity to

ultraviolet rays that causes skin cancer as a result of enzyme systems incapability to restore
damages of hereditary apparatus of cells. What process abnormality is this pathology
connected with?

A DNA recombination
B DNA reduplication
C DNA reparation
D Genetic complementation
E Genetic conversion

47 During the experimental analysis of chondrohistogenesis a sclerotome was damaged.

What cells will it make impossible to differentiate?

A Fibroblasts
B Myoblasts
C Chondroblasts
D Epidermocytes
E Smooth myocytes

48 A patient with diminished excretory function of kidneys has bad breath. What substance
which is excessively excreted by salivary glands is the main cause of this occurence?

A Phosphatase
B Alpha-amylase
C Lysozyme
D Urea
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E Mucin

49 A patient has an injury in right lateral area of belly. What part of large intestine is most
likely injured?

A Ascending colon
B Rectum
C Sigmoid colon
D Descending colon
E Transverse colon

50 The students studied pecularities of genetic code and found out that there are amino
acids corresponded by 6 codons, 5 amino acids - 4 different codons. Other amino acids are
codified by three or two codons and only two amino acids are codified by one codon. What
pecularity of genetic code did the students find out?

A Redundancy
B Collinearity
C Triplety
D Versatility
E Unidirectionality

51 A boxer who got a punch in the region of temporomandibular joint has a traumatic
dislocation of mandible. Displacement of what articular surfaces will overstep the limits of
physiological norm?

A Coronoid process and submandibular fossa

B Coronoid process and pterygoid fossa
C Head of mandible and submandibular fossa
D Neck of mandible and submandibular fossa
E Head of mandible and mandibular fossa

52 A 28 year old pregnant woman had the enzymes in the cells of amniotic fluid analyzed.
The analysis revealed insufficient activity of 3-glucuronidase. What pathological process is
it?

A Lipidosis
B Collagenosis
C Aglycogenosis
D Mucopolysaccharidosis
E Glycogenosis

53 A patient has a transverse laceration of spinal cord below the VI thoracal segment. How
will it change the character of breathing?

A It won’t change esentially

B It will become more deep
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C It will stop
D It will become more frequent
E It will become more rare

54 A patient with gingivitis was prescribed a gargle with a certain preparation. Its
antiseptic properties are determined by atomic oxygene that slivers in presence of organic
substances. It has also deodorant, adstringent (anti-inflammatory), and in big
concentrations - cauterizing effect. Water solutions are used for bathing of wounds, mouth
gargling and in higher concentrations - for burn treatment. It is also used for gastric lavage
in case of poisoning. Name this preparation:

A Ethyl alcohol
B Sodium bicarbonate
C Hydrogen peroxide
D Potassium permanganate
E Chlorhexidine bigluconate

55 Autopsy of a woman who died of tumorous dissemination of mucinosous

cystadenocarcinoma and before that had to stay in bed for a long time revealed big necrotic
areas of skin and soft subjacent tissues in sacral region. What form of necrosis is the case?

A Caseous necrosis
B Zenker’s necrosis
C Infarction
D Sequester
E Pressure sore

56 During phonocardiogram registration it was ascertained that the duration of the first
heart sound twice exceeds the norm. It is most likely that patient has the following organ
affected:

A Cardiomyocytes of ventricles
B Cardiomyocytes of atriums
C Semilunar valves
D Atrioventricular valves
E Cardiomyocytes of heart atriums

57 A woman with ischemic disease has been taking an antianginal medication that has the
following properties: dilates coronary arteries, peripheral vessels (arterial and venous),
reduces the need of myocardium in oxygen, improves endocardial blood circulation. Name
this preparation:

A Aminophylline
B Dibasol
C Papaverine
D Nitroglycerin
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E Validol

58 Chronic overdosage of glucocorticoids leads to the development of hyperglycemia. What

process of carbohydrate metabolism is responsible for this effect?

A Glycogenesis
B Glycogenolysis
C Pentose-phosphate cycle
D Gluconeogenesis
E Aerobic glycolisis

59 A patient was taken to the hospital with preliminary diagnosis progressive muscle
distrophy. What substance will be excessively contained in urine and confirm this
diagnosis?

A Pyruvate
B Troponine
C Creatine
D Carnosine
E Hydroxiproline

60 The myocytes cytoplasm contains a big number of dissolved metabolites of glucose

oxidation. Name one of them that converts directly into lactate:

A Glucose-6-phosphate
B Oxaloacetate
C Fructose-6-phosphate
D Glycerophosphate
E Pyruvate

61 Climbing the mountains at a height of 5000 m climbers started complaining of breath

shortness, palpitation, vertigo, ring in the ears. What pathogenetic factor determines the
development of these occurances?

A Lactacidemia
B Hypokalemia
C Hypoxemia
D Decreased oxygen capacity of blood
E Hypernatremia

62 A 1,5 year old child was taken to the hospital. The examination revealed dementia,
disorder of motor functions regulation, hypopigmentation of skin, high rate of
phenylalanine in blood. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A Phenylketonuria
B Tyrosinosis
C Galactosemia
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D Mucoviscidosis
E Down’s syndrome

63 A patient who has been ill with tuberculosis for a long time has an intracellular
mycobacteria disposition. What preparation must be included into the complex therapy of
tuberculosis?

A Sodium para-aminosalicylate
B Rifampicin
C Ethambutol
D Isoniazid
E Ethionamide

64 A laboratory received a material (extract of animal matter) from the region with cases of
anthrax among animals. What serological reaction should be used in order to reveal
antigenes of pathogenic organism in the given material?

A Thermoprecipitation
B Precipitations in agar
C Complement binding
D Radio assay
E Indirect hemagglutination

65 A 7 year old girl was taken to an infectious diseases hospital. She had complaints of high
temperature, sore throat, general weakness. A doctor assumed dyphteria. What will be
crucial proof of diagnosis after defining pure culture of pathogenic organism?

A Cystinase test
B Detection of volutine granules
C Phagolysability
D Toxigenity test
E Hemolytic ability of pathogenic orhani-sm

66 From the purulent exudate of a patient with odontogenic phlegmon a pure culture of
Gram(+) microorganisms was segregated. This culture was leci-thinously active, coagulated
plasma of a rabbit, decomposed mannitol under anaerobe conditions. What microorganism
may have contributed to the origin of suppurative complication?

A S.epidermidis
B S.viridans
C S.pyogenes
D S.mutans
E S.aureus

67 A patient has an exudative pleurisy. At what level should the pleural puncture along the
posterior axillary line be taken?
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A VIII intercostal space

B XI intercostal space
C VI intercostal space
D IX intercostal space
E VII intercostal space

68 In course of an experiment posterior roots of spinal cord of an animal were cut. What
changes will take place in the innervation zone?

A Loss of sensation
B Decline of muscle tone
C Raise of muscle tone
D Loss of motor functions
E Loss of sensation and motor functions

69 Damage of one of the reactors at a nuclear power plant resulted in runout of radioactive
products. People who were present in the high-radiation area got approximately 250-300 R.
They were urgently taken to the hospital. What blood changes will be typical for this
period?

A Anemia
B Neutropenia
C Thrombocytopenia
D Leukopenia
E Lymphopenia

70 A 65 year old patient suddenly died. She suffered from thrombophlebitis of deep veins of
shin. Autopsy revealed: trunk and bifurcation of pulmonary artery contain red loose masses
with dull corrugated surface. What pathological process did the morbid anatomist reveal in
pulmonary artery?

A Thromboembolism
B Tissue embolism
C Thrombosis
D Foreign body embolism
E Fat embolism

71 To what total ATP quantity is the full glucose oxidation and its linking with
phosphorylation equivalent?

A 12
B 58
C 52
D 38
E8
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72 A patient arrived to the oral surgery department with dislocation of temporomandibular

joint and injury of its main ligament. Name this ligament:

A Lateral
B Medial
C Pterygoid-mandibular
D Styloid-mandibular
E Mandibular

73 Before teeth come out first on their roots appears a solid tissue that looks like
membrane reticulated bone. What tissue is it?

A Loose fibrous connective tissue

B Enamel
C Dentin
D Dense fibrous connective tissue
E Cement

74 The contents of vesicles from the mucous tunic of a man who has smallpox variola was
sent to the virusologic laboratory. What will be revealed during microscopy of smears?

A Guarnieri’s corpuscles
B Babesh-Negri corpuscles
C Babesh-Ernst corpuscles
D Syncytium
E Paschen’s corpuscles

75 Autopsy of a 5 year old child revealed that pia maters of brain are extremely plethoric,
nebulous, have a look of yellowish-green "bonnet". Microscopic analysis: pia mater of brain
is very thickened, plethoric, impregnated with purulent exudate containing fibrin. What
disease is meant?

A Influenza
B Meningococcosis
C Tuberculosis
D Measles
E Anthrax

76 A man has a diosorder of absorption of fat hydrolysates. What components deficit in the
cavity of small intestine may cause this effect?

A Bile acids
B Lipolytic enzymes
C Liposoluble vitamins
D Bile pigments
E Sodium ions
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77 The lung hypertension and cardiac insufficiency of right ventricle with ascites and
edemata developed at patient with pneumosclerosis. What is the principal pathogenetic
mechanism of edemata development?

A Increase of hydrostatic blood pressure in veins

B Decrease of oncotic blood pressure
C Increase of vascular permeability
D Decrease of osmotic blood pressure
E Increase of oncotic pressure of intercellular fluid

78 Chronic rhinitis was complicated by inflammation of frontal sinus. What nasal meatus
did the infection get into this sinus through?

A Superior
B Nasopharyngeal
C Median
D Common
E Inferior

79 In course of an experiment chorda tympani of an animal was being stimulated by electric

current, as a result the parotid duct excreted:

A Saliva wasn’t excreted

B A small quantity of fluid saliva
C A lot of fluid saliva
D A lot of viscous saliva
E A small quantity of viscous saliva

80 During the histologic examination of thyroid gland of a man who died of cardiac
insufficiency together with hypothyroidism there was found the diffusive infiltration of
gland by lymphocytes and plasmocytes, parenchyma atrophy and growth of connective
tissue. Formulate a diagnosis:

A Thyroid gland adenoma

B Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
C Thyrotoxic goiter
D Purulent thyroiditis
E-

81 Unskilled people usually have muscle pain after sprints as a result of lactate
accumulation. What biochemical process may it be connected with?

A Glycogenesis
B Gluconeogenesis
C Lypogenesis
D Glycolisis
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E Pentose-phosphate cycle

82 A victim of a road accident has an abruption of a part of mandibular angle, displacement

of fragment backwards and upwards. What ligament is responsible for this displacement?

A Pterygoid-mandibular
B Lateral
C Intraarticular
D Sphenoid-mandibular
E Styloid-mandibular

83 A patient has an acute painfullness of face skin. What nerve is damaged?

A Oculomotor
B Vagus
C Glossopharyngeal
D Facial
E Trifacial

84 Microscopic analysis of a specimen revealed an organ of nervous system that consists of

pseudounipolar neurons covered with glial and connective tissue membranes. Determine
this organ:

A Spinal ganglion
B Spinal cord
C Cortex of cerebrum
D Cerebellum
E Vegetative ganglion

85 During the examination of patient’s oral cavity a dentist found a carious cavity on the
crown surface of the second premolar tooth that was turned to the first molar tooth. Name
the damaged crown surface:

A Facies occlusalis
B Facies lingualis
C Facies vestibularis
D Facies distalis
E Facies mesialis

86 In a histological specimen of adrenal cortex there are petite polygonal cells that form
roundish clusters and contain some lipidic inclusions. What part of adrenal is presented in
this histological specimen?

A Glomerular zone
B Fasciolar zone
C-
D Reticular zone
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E Intermedial zone

87 Examination of a child who hasn’t got fresh fruit and vegetables during winter revealed
numerous subcutaneous hemorrhages, gingivitis, carious cavities in teeth. What vitamin
combination should be prescribed in this case?

A Calciferol and ascorbic acid

B Folic acid and cobalamin
C Thiamine and pyridoxine
D Riboflavin and nicotinamide
E Ascorbic acid and rutin

88 In course of combined therapy a patient with chronic cardiac insufficiency was taking
digitoxin and furocemid. A a result he had extreme muscular weakness. What electrolyte
imbalances may be revealed in his blood?

A Hypocalcemia
B Hypercalcemia
C Hyperkaliemia
D-
E Hypokaliemia

89 During the examination of patient’s oral cavity a dentist noticed a slight overbite of
mandibular teeth by maxillary incisors. What occlusion belongs such position of teeth to?

A Biprognathic occlusion
B Closed occlusion
C Orthognathic occlusion
D Prognathism
E Orthogenic occlusion

90 A one year old child has enlarged head and belly, retarded cutting of teeth, destruction of
enamel structure. What hypovitaminosis causes these changes?

A Hypovitaminosis B 1
B Hypovitaminosis A
C Hypovitaminosis D
D Hypovitaminosis B2
E Hypovitaminosis C

91 Human body cools in water much more faster than in the air. Due to what way of heat
emission does it happen?

A Sweat evaporation
B-
C Thermal conduction
D Convection
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E Heat radiation

92 A three year old child was admitted to the hospital with a foreign body in bronches.
What bronchus contains most likely a foreign body?

A Left segmental
B Right segmental
C Right primary
D Lobular
E Left primary

93 After recovering from epidemic parotiditis a patient began to put off weight, he was
permanently thirsty, drank a lot of water, had frequent urination, voracious appetite. Now
he has complaints of skin itch, weakness, furunculosis. His blood contains: glucose -16
mmole/L, ketone bodies -100 mcmole/L; glucosuria. What disease has developed?

A Diabetes insipidus
B Steroid diabetes
C Malnutrition diabetes
D Insulin-independent diabetes
E Insulin-dependent diabetes

94 During morphologic analysis of pulp floor three zones can be distinctly differentiated:
the one of softened dentin, transparent dentin and replacing dentin. What stage of caries are
these changes typical for?

A Deep caries
B Stain stage
C Chronic caries
D Superficial caries
E Median caries

95 A patient has painfulness along big nerve trunks and excessive content of pyruvate in
blood. What vitamin deficit may cause such changes?

A Biotin
B PP
C B2
DBi
E Pantothenic acid

96 A 57 year old patient with diabetes mellitus was developed ketoacedosis. Biochemical
base of this condition is smaller extent of acetyl-CoA utilization. What cell compound deficit
causes this effect?

A 2-oxoglutarate
B Glutamate
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C Oxaloacetate
D Aspartate
E Succinate

97 During the tooth development the enamel organ has prismatic cells with hexagonal
intersection; the nucleus is si- tuated in the central part of the cell. What cells are meant?

A Preodontoblasts
B Preenameloblasts
C Exterior enameloblasts
D Cambial cells
E Enamel pulp cells

98 A mother consulted a doctor about her one year old child, who has got six teeth come
out. How many teeth should the child of such age have?

A6
B8
C 12
D 10
E7

99 Dystrophic changes of heart are accompanied by dilatation of cardiac cavities, decrease

of heart beat force, increased volume of blood that remains in cardiac cavity after systole;
veins are overfilled. What state is this presentation typical for?

A Emergency phase of myocardial hypertrophy

B Tonogenic dilatation
C Cardiac tamponade
D Cardiosclerosis stage
E Myogenic dilatation

100 Two days after myocardial infarction a patient had a sudden systolic pressure decrease
up to 60 mm, tachycardia up to 140/min, dyspnea; the patient lost consciousness. What
mechanism is principal for the shock pathogenesis?

A Decrease of cardiac volume

B Paroxysmal tachycardia
C Decrease of circulating blood volume
D Intoxication
E Anaphylactic reaction

101 In course of an experiment the peripheral fragment of a cut vagus nerve on the dog’s
neck was being stimulated. There was the following change of cardiac activity:

A Decrease of beat frequency

B Increase of myocardium excitability
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C Increase of beat force

D Increased speed of excitement conduction through myocardium
E Increase of beat frequency and force

102 A surgeon is going to take lympha from patient’s thoracic duct in the point of its
flowing into venous channel. Where exactly should he insert a cannula?

A Point of formation of inferior vena cava

B Left venous angle
C Point of formation of superior vena cava
D Point of formation of portal vein
E Right venous angle

103 In course of an experiment the blood pressure of an animal had a stable rise by means
of renal artery constriction. Hyperfunctioning of what renal cells cause this effect?

A Podocytes
B Thick spot cells
C Endotheliocytes
D Juxtaglomerular cells
E Interstitial cells

104 A wide cleft between incisors of both mother and father is the dominant feature. They
are both homozygous. What genetic regularity will their children have?

A Independent inheritance of feature

B Linked inheritance
C Hybrid segregation by phenotype
D Uniformity of first generation hybrids
E Non-linked inheritance

105 A patient complains of having urination disorder. He is diagnosed the hypertrophy of

prostate gland. What part of gland is damaged?

A Apex
B Median lobe
C Base
D Left lobe
E Right lobe

106 Microscopic analysis of brain base vessels of a patient who died of ischemic stroke
revealed that intima of cerebral vessels is irregular, with moderate quantity of yellow stains
and yellowish-whitish patches that narrow lumen. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A Nodular periarteritis
B Diabetes mellitus
C Atherosclerosis
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D Primary hypertension
E Rheumatism

107 A sportsman was recommended to take a preparation with carnitine in order to

improve his achievements. What process is activated by carnitine to the most extent?

A Transporting of fatty acids to the mi-tochondrions

B Synthesis of ketone bodies
C Tissue respiration
D Lypide synthesis
E Synthesis of steroid hormones

108 In the course of an experiment a nerve is being stimulated by electric impulses. It leads
to excretion of some quantity of thick viscous saliva by sublingual and submandibular
glands. What nerve is being stimulated?

A N.glossopharyngeus
B N.facialis
C N.sympathicus
D N.vagus
E N.trigeminus

109 A patient’s preliminary diagnosis is toxoplasmosis. What material was used for
diagnostics of this disease?

A Urine
B Blood
C Sputum
D Duodenal contents
E Feces

110 Decreased ratio of adenylic nucleotides ATP/ADP results in intensified glycolysis in

parodentium tissues under hypoxia conditions. What reaction is activated in this case?

A Aldolase
B Triosophosphate isomerase
C Lactate dehydrogenase
D Phosphofructokinase
E Enolase

111 The deficit of vitamin A causes the disorder of twilight vision. What cells is the
photoreceptor function typical for?

A Ganglionic nerve cells

B Rod neurosensory cells
C Bipolar neurons
D Horizontal neurocytes
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E Conic neurosensory cells

112 Autopsy of an 8 year old boy who was ill with pharyngeal and tonsillar diphtheria and
died one week after illness begin revealed myocardial changes in form of small-focal
myocardiocyte necroses, stroma edema with slight lymphocytic infiltration. What type of
myocarditis is it:

A Granulomatous
B Septic
C Focal-intermediate, exudative
D Interstitional
E Alternative

113 A 17 year old student pressed out a pustule in the medial angle of eye. In 2 days she
was taken to the institute of neurosurgery with thrombosis of cavernous sinus. Through
what vein did the infection get into this sinus?

A V.profunda faciei
B V.diploicae frontalis
C V.maxillaris
D V.angularis
E V.transversa faciei

114 A patient with focal tuberculosis of superior lobe of his right lung takes isoni-azid as a
part of combined therapy. After a time he started complaining of muscular weakness,
decrease of skin sensitivity, sight and movement coordination disorder. What vitamin
preparation will be right for elimination of these occurances?

A Vitamin B12
B Vitamin B6
C Vitamin D
D Vitamin A
E Vitamin C

115 A 46 year old patient was admitted to the hematological department. It was found that
he had disorder of granulocytopoesis and thrombocytogenesis processes. In what organ
does this pathological process take pace?

A Spleen
B Palatine tonsil
C Thymus
D Red bone marrow
E Lymphatic ganglion
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116 A 40 year old man who took part in disaster-management at a nuclear power plant fell
sick with paradontitis. What etiological agent is the most important for the development of
this pathology?

A Streptococcus
B Malnutrition
C Iron deficit
D Increased load of dentoalveolar apparatus
E Emotional stress

117 minutes after a car accident examination of a 35 year old man revealed massive injury
of lower extremities without serious external loos of blood. The victim is in excited state.
What component of pathogenesis of traumatic shock is basic and requires urgent
correction?

A Cardiac function disorder

B Acute renal insufficience
C Internal loss of plasma
D Intoxication
E Pain

118 A patient has urolithiasis that was complicated by a renal calculus passage. At what
level of ureter is it most likely to stop?

A In the middle abdominal part

B In pelvis
C Between abdominal and pelvic part
D 5 cm above pelvic part
E 2 cm above flowing into urinary bladder

119 A patient is being operated under inhalation narcosis with nitrous oxide. It is known
that it has evident lipophilic properties. What mechanism is responsible for transporting
this preparation through biological membranes?

A Pinocytosis
B Filtration
C Passive diffusion
D Active transport
E Facilitated diffusion

120 Autopsy of a man who died from ethylene glycol poisoning revealed that his kidneys
are a little bit enlarged, edematic; their capsule can be easily removed. Cortical substance is
broad and light-grey. Medullary substance is dark-red. What pathology had this man?

A Acute tubular-interstitial nephritis

B Lipoid nephrosis
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C Acute pyelonephritis
D Acute glomerulonephritis
E Necrotic nephrosis

121 While of oral cavity examination the dentist revealed the formation of the first big
cheekteeth on the lower jaw of a child. How old is this child?

A 8-9 years old

B 4-5 years old
C 6-7 years old
D 10-11 years old
E 12-13 years old

122 Microscopic analysis of tissue sampling from affected area of mucous membrane of oral
cavity revealed bacillus in form of accumulations that looked like a pack of cigarettes. Ziehl-
Neelsen staining gives them red colour. What kind of pathogenic organism was most likely
revealed in tissue sampling?

A A.bovis
B M.avium
C A.israilii
D M.tuberculosis
E M.leprae

123 A man who took part in disaster-management at a nuclear power plant had
hemorrhagic syndrome at the same time with acute radiation sickness. What is the most
important thing for the pathogenesis of this syndrome?

A Thrombocytopenia
B High activity of anticoagulative blood system
C High activity of fibrinolysis factors
D Destructed structure of vessel walls
E Low activity of anticoagulative blood system

124 The regeneration process of damaged skeletal muscles is very slow. What elements of
musculoskeletal fiber take part in the process of regeneration?

A Myoblasts
B Myofibroblasts
C Smooth myocytes
D Myoepithelial cells
E Myosatellitocytes

125 In order to make a functional complete denture the left superior canine of a patient
should be extracted. After the infraorbital anesthesia the patient got a rapidly growing
hematoma in the front part of face. It was found that the injured artery is a branch of:
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A A.ophthalmica
B A.maxillaris
C A.alveolaris inferior
D A.labialis superior
E A .temporalis superf icialis

126 A patient has the sudden decrease of Ca2+ content in blood. What hormone secretion
will increase?

A Parathormone
B Somatotropin
C Vasopressin
D Aldosterone
E Thyrocalcitonin

127 What vitamin deficit causes the simultaneous disorder of reproductive function and
dystrophy of skeletal musculature?

A Vitamin B1
B Vitamin A
C Vitamin E
D Vitamin D
E Vitamin K

128 The chemical burn of esophagus caused its local constriction as a result of scar
formation. What cells of loose connective tissue take part in scar formation?

A Mature specialized fibroblasts

B Myofibroblasts
C Young fibroblasts
D Fibroclasts
E Fibrocytes

129 A patient consulted dental surgeon about an injury of submandibular triangle. During
the wound cleansing the surgeon found that the artery leading to the soft palate is damaged.
What artery is damaged?

A A.facialis
B A.palatina descendens
C A.pharingea ascendens
D A.palatina ascendens
E A.sphenopalatina

130 A patient complains of painful cracks in mouth angles. What sulfanilamide can be
recommended for local treatment of angular stomatitis?

A Prednisolone ointment
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B Streptocide liniment
C Butadione ointment
D Synthomycine liniment
E Tetracycline ointment

131 Recovery from an infectious disease is accompanied by neutralization of antigens by

specific antibodies. What cells produce them?

A T-lymphocytes
B Fibroblasts
C Plasmocytes
D Eosinophils
E Tissue basophils

132 Tissue sample of soft palate arches that was taken because a tumor was suspected
(microscopic analysis revealed an ulcer with dense fundus) revealed mucous membrane
necrosis, submucous layer was infiltrated by lymphocytes, epithelioid cells, plasmocytes,
solitary neutrophils. There was also evident endovasculitis and perivasculitis. What desease
are these changes typical for?

A Aphthous stomatitis
B Faucial diphteria
C Primary syphilis
D Ulcerative stomatitis
E Vensan’s ulcerative-necrotic stomatitis

133 An infectious diseases hospital admitted a veterinarian with assumed brucellosis. What
serologic test can confirm this diagnosis?

A Wassermann reaction of complement binding

B Widal’s agglutination reaction
C Wright’s agglutination reaction
D Ascoli’s precipitation reaction
E Weigl’s agglutination reaction

134 In course of embryogenesis maxillary and mandibular processes grew together with a
delay. What development anomalies should be expected in this case?

A Macrostomia
B Gothic palate
C Cleft of superior lip
D Cleft palate
E Microstomia

135 A 28 year old patient was diagnosed:an acute inflammation of mucuos membrane of
nasolacrimal duct. It is known from his past history that after influenza he had been having
 V 2639dabb

nasal excretions for 10 days. From what part of nasal cavity could the infection get into the
nasolacrimal duct?

A Median nasal meatus

B Superior nasal meatus
C Frontal sinus
D Vestibule of nose
E Inferior nasal meatus

136 After tooth extraction the blood pressure of a patient fell dramatically, the patient lost
consciousness. Collaptoid state was diagnosed. What drug should be used?

A Isadrin
B Nitroglycerine
C Sustac
D Strophanthine
E Cordiamin

137 A 16 year old girl consulted a dentist about dark colour of teeth enamel. The family tree
analysis revealed that this pathology is transmitted to all girls from father and to 50% of
boys from mother. What type of inheritance are these pecularities typical for?

A Autosomal-recessive
B Dominant, X-chromosome-linked
C Recessive, Y-chromosome-linked
D Autosomal-dominant
E Recessive, X-chromosome-linked

138 A 20 year old patient complains of excessive thirst and urinary excretion up to 10 L a
day. The level of glucose in blood is normal, there is no glucose in urine. What hormone
deficit can cause such changes?

A Cortisol
B Insulin
C Triiodothyronine
D Vasopressin
E Oxytocin

139 A patient with chronic glomerulonephritis has disorder of incretoty function of

kidneys. What blood elements deficit will result from it?

A Leukocytes
B Leukocytes and thrombocytes
C Erythrocytes
D Thrombocytes
E Erythrocytes and leukocytes
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140 The preparation comlex for periodontitis treatment includes the medicine from the
group of water soluble vitamins, bioflavonide derivative, which is prescribed together with
ascorbic acid. This preparation has anti-oxidative properties, decreases gingival
hemorrhage. What preparation is meant?

A Folic acid
B Calcium pantothenate
C Calcium panganate
D Rutin
E Cyanocobalamin

141 Skin samples of a patient with bronchial asthma revealed allergen sensi- tization of
poplar fuzz. What factor of immune system plays the main part in development of this
immunopathological state?

A-
B IgM
C IgD
D Sensitized T-lymphocytes
E IgE

142 A 22 year woman has enlarged lymphatic ganglions. Histological analysis of a ganglion
revealed lymphocytes, histiocytes, reticular cells, small and great Hodgkin’s cells,
multinuclear Reed-Sternberg cells, solitary foci of caseous necrosis. What disease are these
changes typical for?

A Cancer metastasis
B Lymphosarcoma
C Acute leukemia
D Lymphogranulematosis
E Chronic leukemia

143 Sputum smears of a patient with chronic pulmonary disease were stained by Ziehl-
Neelsen method and analyzed in the bacteriological laboratory. Microscopy revealed red
bacillus. What property of tuberculosis myobacteria was found?

A Spore-formation
B Alkali resistance
C Alcohol resistance
D Encapsulation
E Acid resistance

144 Excessive hairiness of auricles (hypertrichosis) is determined by a gene which is

localized in Y-chromosome. Father has this feature. What is the probability of the fact that
the boy will be born with such anomaly?
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A 75%
B 35%
C 25%
D 100%
E 0%

145 A man had an acute onset of disease, he complained of chill, temperature rise up to
40oC, headache, cough, dyspnea. On the fifth day of illness he died. Autopsy revealed:his
lungs were enlarged, they had a look of "coal-miner’s lungs". What illness is such
postmortem diagnosis typical for?

A Influenza
B Croupous pneumonia
C Adenovirus infection
D Multiple bronchiectasis
E Respiratory syncytial infection

146 After a long-lasting and grave illness the blood pressure of a patient fell up to 60/40
mm; he has tachicardia, dyspnea, black-out. How can this state be defined?

A Apparent death
B Preagony
C Agony
D-
E Shock

147 In an excitable cell the ion channells were blocked. It hasn’t changed essentially the
value of rest potential, but the cell lost its ability to generate AP (action potential). What
channels were blocked?

A Potassium
B Natrium and potassium
C Chloric
D Natrium
E Calcium

148 A child complains of having an itch in occipital and temporal region of head. After
examination his mother found superficial ulcers as a result of scratching and white nits in
the hair. Name the pathogenic organism:

A Head louse
B Screwworm fly
C Body louse
D Pubic louse
E Human flea
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149 A patient has assymetric face, it is especially noticeable during active muscle
contraction. What nerve may be damaged?

A Trigeminal, III branch

B Sublingual
C Trigeminal, II branch
D Trigeminal, I branch
E Facial (motor unit)

150 A patient had a trauma that led to the injury of front spinal roots. Denote the damaged
structures:

A Peripheral processes of spinal ganglion neurons

B Central processes of spinal ganglion neurons
C Axons of lateral horn neurons
D Axons of motoneurons
E Axons of motoneurons and lateral horn neurons

151 A patient was taken to the hospital with complaints of headache, high temperature,
frequent stool, stomach pain with tenesmus. Doctor made a clinical diagnosis dysentery and
sent the material (excrements) to the bacteriological laboratory for analysis. What
diagnostic method should the laboratory doctor use to confirm or to disprove the clinical
diagnosis?

A Bacterioscopic
B Bacteriological
C Allergic
D Biological
E Serological

152 A patient started bleeding after tooth extraction. What action is necessary in this case?

A Adrenalin locally
B Neodicumarine orally
C Fibrinogen injection
D Vicasol orally
E Thrombin injection

153 A 50 year old patient with ischemic disease was prescribed an antiaggregant
preparation. The patient was taking overdoses of this preparation. It resulted in nausea,
vomiting, stomach pain during fasting. What preparation was the patient prescribed?

A Dipiridamol
B Acetylsalicylic acid
C Parmidine
D Pentoxyphilline
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E Ticlide

154 Autopsy of a man who died of typhoid fever revealed ulcers along the ileum. These
ulcers have even sides, clean fundus formed by muscle layer or even by serous tunic of an
intestine. What stage of disease does the described presentation correspond with?

A Stage of medullary swelling

B Stage of "clean"ulcers
C Stage of "dirty"ulcers
D Stage of necrosis
E Stage of ulcer healing

155 A patient with kidney disease has high blood pressure, espesially the diastolic one.
Hypersecretion of what biologically active substance causes blood pressure rise?

A Renin
B Catecholamines
C Adrenaline
D Vasopressin
E Noradrenaline

156 A patient with complaints of dizziness, worsening of vision acuity, sickness, salivation
and spasmodic stomachaches was taken to the admission department. The diagnosis was
poisoning with organophosphorous compounds. What preparations should be included into
complex therapy?

A Atropine sulfate and dipiroxim

B Tetacin-calcium and unitiol
C Glucose and bemegride
D Nalorphine hydrochloride and bemegi-de
E Sodium thiosulfate and bemegride

157 A 7 year old child was taken to the infectious disease hospital with complaints of acute
pain during swallowing, temperature rise up to 390C, neck edema. Objective signs: tonsills
are enlarged, their mucous membrane is plethoric and covered with a big number of
whitish-yellowish films that are closely adjacent to the mucous membrane. After removal of
these films the deep bleeding defect remains. What type of inflammation is it?

A Hemorrhagic
B Purulent
C Serous
D Diphteritic
E Crupous

158 After a surgical procedure a patient was developed an enteroparesis. What

anticholinesterase medication should be prescribed in this case?
 V 2639dabb

A Aceclidine
B Acetylcholine
C Proserin
D Pilocarpine
E Carbacholine

159 Pigmentation intensity of human skin is controlled by a few independent dominant

genes. It is known that pigmentation is the more intensive, the bigger quantity of these
genes. What is the type of interaction between these genes?

A Codominancy
B Complementarity
C Epistasis
D Pleiotropy
E Polymery

160 A patient with insulin-dependent diabetes had an insulin injection. Some time later he
felt weakness, irritability, excessive sweating. What is the main reason of these disorders?

A Reduced glyconeogenesis
B Intensified glycogenolysis
C Carbohydrate starvation of brain
D Intensified ketogenesis
E Intensified lypogenesis

161 While the examination of patient’s oral cavity the dentist found xerostomia, numerous
erosions. What vitamin deficit caused this effect?

A Vitamin A
B Vitamin H
C Vitamin PP
D Vitamin P
E Vitamin K

162 The activity of parotides reduces with age. Activity of what enzyme in saliva will be
reducing?

A Maltase
B Lysozime
C Phosphatase
D Amylase
E Hexokinase

163 A patient with essential hypertension takes enalapril. What mechanism of action has
this hypotensive medication?

A Ca++ channel-blocking agent

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B Antagonist of angiotensine II
C Inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme
D Inhibitor of phosphodiesterase
E Inhibitor of cyclooxygenase

164 A 23 year patient was admitted to the hospital in grave condition with craniocerebral
trauma. His respiration is characterized by a spasmodic long inspiration interrupted by a
short expiration. What respiration type is it typical for?

A Biot’s respiration
B Kussmaul’s respiration
C Cheyne-Stokes respiration
D Apneustic
E Gasping

165 A patient was attacked by bees. He was taken to the hospital with Quincke’s edema.
What antihistaminic medication without sedative effect sholuld be prescribed the patient?

A Diphenhydramine hydrochloride
B Tavegil
C Diasoline
D Suprastine
E Phencarol

166 A 36 year old man with craniocerebral trauma has diminished breath sounds, thready
pulse, reflexes are absent. What route of pyracetam introduction is the most suitable in this
case?

A Intravenous
B Oral
C Inhaling
D Rectal
E Subcutaneous

167 The symptoms of regeneration process (callus) on the place of fracture were revealed
at the histologic specimen of tubular bone. What tissue forms this structure?

A Fibrous bone tissue

B Epithelial tissue
C Loose connective tissue
D Reticular tissue
E Lamellar bone tissue

168 A purulent wound was treated with a solution that had antiseptic effect and
contributed to the mechanical wound cleansing. What solution was used?

A Ethacrydine lactate
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B Alcoholic iodine
C Potassium permanganate
D Hydrogen peroxide
E Brilliant green

169 A patient consulted a doctor about the intensive skin itch, especially between fingers, in
axillary creases, in the inferior part of belly. During the skin examination there were found
twisting whitish tracts with speckles at the end of them. What disease are these clinical
presentations typical for?

A Pediculosis
B Demodicosis
C Miasis
D Scabies
E Dermatotropic leishmaniosis

170 A patient has the following diagnosis: renal hypertension. What is the initial
pathogenetic factor of arterial hypertension development in this case?

A Intensified renin synthesis

B Intensified angiotensin synthesis
C Renal ischemia
D Hypernatremia
E Hyperaldosteronism

171 After poisoning with an unknown drug a 37 year old patient has stereotypical face
muscle contractions that imitate blinking and squinting. What form of motor function
disorder of nervous system is it?

A Hyperkinesia
B Ataxy
C Akinesia
D-
E Hypokinesia

172 During ablation of the nose wing lypoma a dentist injured a vessel, that caused a
saphenous hematoma. What vessel was damaged?

A A .maxillaris
B A.infraorbitalis
C A.supraorbitalis
D A .facialis
E A.angularis
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173 A man has been holding his breath for 60 seconds. After that the respiratory minute
volume has increased up to 12 L. What blood change is the main reason for the increase of
respiratory minute volume?

A Increase of p C02
B Increase of pH
C Increase of p O2
D Decrease of p O2
E Decrease of p C02

174 Microspecimen analysis of child’s finger skin revealed that epidermis has signs of
inadequate development. What embryonal leaf was damaged in the process of
development?

A Ectomezenchyma
B Mezenchyma
C Mesoderma
D Entoderma
E Ectoderma

175 A 5 year old child was admitted to the ENT-department with suppurative inflammation
of middle ear (tympanitis). It began with the inflammation of nasopharynx. What canal of
temporal bone did the infection get into tympanic cavity through?

A Small canal of chorda tympani

B Caroticotympanic foramina
C Carotid canal
D Musculotubal canal
E Small tympanic canal

176 A patient with chronic alcoholism has symptoms of polyneuritis and cardiac
insufficiensy. What vitamin preparation should be prescribed to this patient?

A Rutin
B Ergocalciferol
C Retinol
D Thiamine
E Phylloquinone

177 A patient with cancer of the back of tongue had an intensive bleeding as a result of
tumor spread to the dorsal artery of tongue. What vessel should be ligated in order to stop
bleeding?

A Ascending pharyngal artery

B Lingual artery
C Facial artery
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D Deep artery of tongue

E Dorsal artery of tongue

178 Leukoses are treated with antimetabolite methotrexate. What vitamin is its antagonist?

A Piridoxine
B Cyanocobalamin
C Phyllochinone
D Rutin
E Folic acid

179 A sportsman was examined after an intensive physical activity. The examination
revealed disorder of movement coordination but the force of muscle contractions remained
the same. It can be explained by retarded speed of excitement conduction through:

A Neuromuscular synapses
B Central synapses
C Conduction tracts
D Afferent nerves
E Efferent nerves

180 A man permanently lives high in the mountains. What changes of blood characteristics
can be found in his organism?

A Decrease of colour index of blood

B Erythroblasts in blood
C Decrease of hemoglobin content
D Increase of erythrocytes number
E Decrease of reticulocytes number

181 After implantation of a cardiac valve a young man constantly takes indirect
anticoagulants. His state was complicated by hemorrhage. What substance content has
decreased in blood?

A Heparin
B Prothrombin
C Haptoglobin
D Creatin
E Ceruloplasmin

182 Examination of a patient with hepatolenticular degeneration revealed that synthesis of

ceruloplasmin protein has a defect. What organelles is this defect connected with?

A Mitochondrions
B Agranular endoplasmic reticulum
C Golgi complex
D Granular endoplasmic reticulum
 V 2639dabb

E Lysosomes

183 A 50 year old woman had her tooth extracted. The tissue regenerated. Which of the
following organella are the most active during tissue regeneration?

A Ribosomes
B Lysosomes
C Postlysosomes
D Agranular endoplasmic reticulum
E Centrosomes

184 A patient has a slowly healing fracture. What medicine can be used to accelerate
formation of connective tissue matrix?

A Prednisolone
B Cyclophosphan
C Cyclosporine
D Methyluracil
E Methotrexate

185 Bacteriological laboratory has the task to sterilize nutrient mediums containing
substances that convert under the temperature over 1000C (urea, carbohydrates). What
method of sterilization should be used?

A Fluid steam sterilization

B Pasteurization
C Autoclaving
D Tindalization
E Boiling

186 A newborn child has microcephalia. Doctors believe that it is the result of mother’s
taking actinomycin D during pregnancy. What embryonal leaf was influenced by this
teratogen?

A Entoderma and mesoderma

B All leaves
C Mesoderma
D Entoderma
E Ectoderma

187 Father bought some pork at the market. What disease may the members of his family
catch supposed this meat didn’t stand veterenary control?

A Echinococcosis
B Beef tapeworm infection
C Fasciola hepatica
D Teniosis
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E Hymenolepiasis

188 A 30 year old patient who was taken to the hospital with diagnosis acute
glomerulonephritis has proteinuria. What disorder caused this occurance?

A Delayed excretion of nitrogen metabolism products

B Increased permeability of renal filter
C Decreased number of functioning nephrons
D Increase of hydrostatic blood pressure in capillaries
E Decreased oncotic pressure of blood plasma

189 In compliance with the clinical presentations a man was prescribed pyri-
doxalphosphate. What processes are corrected by this preparation?

A Oxidative decarboxilation of keto acids

B Transamination and decarboxylation of amino acids
C Protein synthesis
D Synthesis of purine and pyrimidine bases
E Desamination of purine nucleotides

190 A 56 year old man was taken to the hospital with complaints of general weakness, pain
and burning in the region of tongue, extremity numbness. In the past he had resection of
cardiac part of ventricle. Blood test: Hb- 80 g/L; RBC-2,0 * 1012/L; colour index of blood-
1,2; leukocytes - 3,5 * 109/L. What type of anemy is it?

A Aplastic
B Posthemorrhagic
C Hemolytic
D Iron-deficient
E B12 folic-deficient

191 A patient has myocardial infarction with thrombosis of the left coronary artery. What
pharmocological preparation group should be used to reestablish blood flow?

A Narcotic analgesics
B Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
C 3-adrenergic blockers
D Fibrinolysis activators
E Glucocorticoids

192 A patient who suffered form syphilis took a course of antibiotic therapy and fully
recovered. Some time later he was infected again with Treponema pallidum. What form of
infection is it?

A Recurrence
B Secondary infection
C Reinfection
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D Superinfection
E Complication

193 A woman after labor lost 20 kg of body weight, her hair and teeth fall out, she has
muscle atrophy (hypophysial cachexia). Synthesis of what hypophysis hormone is
disturbed?

A Gonadotropic
B Thyreotropic
C Corticotrophic
D Prolactin
E Somatotropic

194 What substance makes saliva viscous and mucous, has protective function, protects
mucous membrane of oral cavity from mechanical damage?

A Amylase
B Mucin
C Lysozyme
D Kallikrein
E Glucose

195 In a specimen that was coloured by method of silver impregnation some piriform cells
with 2-3 evident dendrites were found. What structure is being analysed?

A Retina
B Spiral organ of middle ear
C Cerebellar cortex
D Cerebral cortex
E Spinal ganglion

196 After honey consumption a teenager had urticaria accompanied by leukocytosis. What
type of leukocytosis is it in this case?

A Lymphocytosis
B Eosinophilic leukocytosis
C Basophylic leukocytosis
D Neutrophilic leukocytosis
E Monocytosis

197 Microscopic analysis of tissue sampling from patient’s skin reveals granulomas that
consist of epithelioid cells surrounded mostly by T-lymphocytes. Among epithelioid cells
there are solitary giant multinuclear cells of Pirogov-Langhans type. In the centre of some
granulomas there are areas of caseous necrosis. Blood vessels are absent. What disease are
the described granulomas typical for?

A Syphilis
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B Tuberculosis
C Rhinoscleroma
D Glanders
E Leprosy

198 After consumption some tinned meat a patient had diplopia, acute headache,
deglutition disorder, hard breathing, muscle weakness. The diagnosis was botulism. What
factor of pathogenicity are the clinic presentations of this disease connected with?

A Exotoxin
B Fibrinolysin
C Endotoxin
D Hemolysin
E Plasmocoagulase

199 In a cell the mutation of the first exon of structural gene took place. The number of
nucleotide pairs has decreased - 250 pairs instead of 290. Determine the type of mutation:

A Nonsense-mutation
B Inversion
C Translocation
D Duplication
E Deletion

200 X-ray examination revealed an accumulation of suppuration in maxillary sinus. Into

what nasal meatus excretes the suppuration?

A Common nasal
B Inferior nasal
C Superior nasal
D Nasopharyngeal
E Median nasal
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Keys: 1 D, 2 A, 3 B, 4 B, 5 A, 6 B, 7 A, 8 C, 9 C, 10 C, 11 D, 12 A, 13 A, 14 A, 15 A, 16 E, 17 C,
18 B, 19 D, 20 E, 21 C, 22 E, 23 D, 24 D, 25 B, 26 E, 27 E, 28 D, 29 C, 30 A, 31 C, 32 E, 33 B,
34 D, 35 E, 36 A, 37 D, 38 A, 39 B, 40 B, 41 C, 42 C, 43 A, 44 D, 45 A, 46 C, 47 C, 48 D, 49 A,
50 A, 51 E, 52 D, 53 A, 54 D, 55 E, 56 D, 57 D, 58 D, 59 C, 60 E, 61 C, 62 A, 63 D, 64 A, 65 D,
66 E, 67 D, 68 A, 69 E, 70 A, 71 D, 72 A, 73 E, 74 E, 75 B, 76 A, 77 A, 78 C, 79 C, 80 B, 81 D,
82 E, 83 E, 84 A, 85 E, 86 A, 87 E, 88 E, 89 C, 90 C, 91 C, 92 C, 93 E, 94 E, 95 D, 96 C, 97 B,
98 B, 99 E, 100 A, 101 A, 102 B, 103 D, 104 D, 105 B, 106 C, 107 A, 108 C, 109 B, 110 D,
111 B, 112 E, 113 D, 114 B, 115 D, 116 E, 117 E, 118 C, 119 C, 120 E, 121 C, 122 E, 123 A,
124 E, 125 B, 126 A, 127 C, 128 A, 129 D, 130 B, 131 C, 132 C, 133 C, 134 A, 135 E, 136 E,
137 B, 138 D, 139 C, 140 D, 141 E, 142 D, 143 E, 144 D, 145 A, 146 B, 147 D, 148 A, 149
E, 150 E, 151 B, 152 A, 153 B, 154 B, 155 A, 156 A, 157 D, 158 C, 159 E, 160 C, 161 A, 162
D, 163 C, 164 D, 165 C, 166 A, 167 A, 168 D, 169 D, 170 C, 171 A, 172 D, 173 A, 174 E,
175 D, 176 D, 177 B, 178 E, 179 B, 180 D, 181 B, 182 D, 183 A, 184 D, 185 A, 186 E, 187
D, 188 B, 189 B, 190 E, 191 D, 192 C, 193 E, 194 B, 195 C, 196 B, 197 B, 198 A, 199 E, 200
E,