Introduction to

World Religions
and Belief Systems
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
The Elements of Judaism
Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems- Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 4: The Elements of Judaism

First Edition, 2020

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 Introduction to
World Religions
and Belief Systems
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
The Elements of Judaism

Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Introduction of World Religions and Belief Systems Grade 11

Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The Elements of Judaism!

The activities in this module are arranged sequentially to help the learners
understand the topic and develop the desired skill or learning competency.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning.

Remind the learner that if there are things he/she doesn’t understand,
he/she must not hesitate to call for your help and assistance.

For the learner:

 Welcome to the Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on The Elements of Judaism!

The activities in this module are arranged sequentially to help you

understand the topic and develop the desired skill or learning competency.

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own learning.

Take time to read, understand, and perform the different activities in the module. If
there are things you don’t understand, do not hesitate to call your facilitator /
teacher for assistance.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Do not forget to answer Let us Try before moving on to the other activities
in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
We hope that you will find meaningful learning as you go through the
different activities in this module.

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 Let Us Learn!

This material was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you learn about the brief history and elements of Judaism
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the
order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using.

The learners: (based on MELCs)

4. Examine the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices,
and related issues of Judaism.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. study the brief history, core teachings, fundamental belief and practices of
Judaism;
2. identify a story from the Old Testament and Jewish belief in one God
through a story of Samson;
3. demonstrate understanding of the elements of Judaism and the Jewish
belief in one God.

This module focuses on the topic Elements of Judaism, which will be your task
for the whole week.

Let Us Try!

WORD SEARCH PUZZLE: Locate the given words in the grid, running in one
of eight possible directions horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. There are
only fifteen (15) answers. Write your answer on your paper.

1. Christianity 6. Culture 11. World religion

2. Islam 7. Spirituality 12. Society
3. Influence 8. Hinduism 13. Belief system
4. Positive 9. Buddhism 14. Muslim
5. Negative 10. Worldview 15. Judaism

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C W E P R T Y U I O J O P A S D F G J H
A H S O D F G H J K U K L P O I Y T I R
Z X R S C V B N M L D J H G F F D N N S
M N E I S L A M B V A C X Z L K D M F N
Z X L T S V B N M L I K J H G U F D L P
Z Q I I P T M Q P M S Z Q Q I C O P U O
X W G V O A I W O N M X W S Z U H M E I
C E I E I S Z A I B A C M U S L I M N U
V R O A K D X R N V S V E Q X T N N C Y
B T N S U F C T U I D B R W C U B B E T
N Y S O C I E T Y U T N T E V R G V M R
M U P D Y G V Y Y C F Y Y R B E V C N E
B E L I E F S Y S T E M S T N Q B X E W
A I I F T H B U T X G M U Y M W N Z G Q
S O U G R J N I R Z H L I U K E M A A A
D P W O R L D R E L I G I O N S K S T S
F M Y H E K M O E C J K O I L R L Z I D
G S P I R I T U A L I T Y O J T H X V F
H L T J W L Z P E V K W O R L D V I E W
J K R K Q O X L W B L U P P H Y N C V G

Let Us Study

Brief History and Elements of Judaism

Judaism, according to History.com Editors (2020), is the world’s

oldest monotheistic religion, dating back nearly 4,000 years. Followers of
Judaism believe in one God who revealed himself through ancient prophets.
The history of Judaism is essential to understanding the Jewish faith, which
has a rich heritage of law, culture and tradition.

Judaism Beliefs

Jewish people believe there’s only one God who has established a
covenant—or special agreement—with them. Their God communicates to
believers through prophets and rewards good deeds while also punishing
evil. Most Jews (with the exception of a few groups) believe that their
Messiah hasn’t yet come—but will one day.

Jewish people worship in holy places known as synagogues, and their

spiritual leaders are called rabbis. The six-pointed Star of David is the
symbol of Judaism. Today, there are about 14 million Jews worldwide. Most

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of them live in the United States and Israel. Traditionally, a person is
considered Jewish if his or her mother is Jewish.

Torah

The Jewish sacred text is called the Tanakh or the “Hebrew Bible.” It
includes the same books as the Old Testament in the Christian Bible, but
they’re placed in a slightly different order. The Torah—the first five books of
the Tanakh—outlines laws for Jews to follow. It’s sometimes also referred to
as the Pentateuch.

Founder of Judaism

The origins of Jewish faith are explained throughout the Torah.

According to the text, God first revealed himself to a Hebrew man named
Abraham, who became known as the founder of Judaism. Jews believe that
God made a special covenant with Abraham and that he and his
descendants were chosen people who would create a great nation.
Abraham’s son Isaac, and his grandson Jacob, also became central figures
in ancient Jewish history. Jacob took the name Israel, and his children and
future generations became known as Israelites. More than 1,000 years after
Abraham, the prophet Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt after being
enslaved for hundreds of years. According to scriptures, God revealed his
laws, known as the Ten Commandments, to Moses at Mt. Sinai.

Jewish Temples

Around 1000 B.C., King David ruled the Jewish people. His son
Solomon built the first holy Temple in Jerusalem, which became the central
place of worship for Jews. The kingdom fell apart around 931 B.C., and the
Jewish people split into two groups: Israel in the North and Judah in the
South. Sometime around 587 B.C., the Babylonians destroyed the first
Temple and sent many Jews into exile. A second Temple was built in about
516 B.C. but was eventually destroyed by the Romans in 70 A.D. The
destruction of the second Temple was significant because Jewish people no
longer had a primary place to gather, so they shifted their focus to
worshipping in local synagogues.

Jewish Holy Books

While the Tanakh (which includes the Torah) is considered the sacred
text of Judaism, many other important manuscripts were composed in later
years. These offered insights into how the Tanakh should be interpreted and
documented oral laws that were previously not written down. Around 200

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A.D., scholars compiled the Mishnah—a text that describes and explains the
Jewish code of law that was previously orally communicated.
Talmud

The Talmud is a collection of teachings and commentaries on Jewish

law. It contains the Mishnah and another text known as the Gemara (which
examines the Mishnah). It includes the interpretations of thousands of
rabbis and outlines the importance of 613 commandments of Jewish law.
The first version of the Talmud was finalized around the 3rd century A.D.
The second form was completed during the 5th century A.D. Judaism
embraces several other written texts and commentaries. One example is the
13 Articles of Faith or The Thirteen Principles of Jewish Faith, which was
written by a Jewish philosopher named Maimonides.

The Thirteen Principles of Jewish Faith

According to Chabad.org

1. Belief in the existence of the Creator, who is perfect in every manner of

existence and is the Primary Cause of all that exists.
2. The belief in God's absolute and unparalleled unity.
3. The belief in God’s non-corporeality, nor that He will be affected by any
physical occurrences, such as movement, or rest, or dwelling.
4. The belief in God's eternity.
5. The imperative to worship God exclusively and no foreign false gods.
6. The belief that God communicates with man through prophecy.
7. The belief in the primacy of the prophecy of Moses our teacher.
8. The belief in the divine origin of the Torah.
9. The belief in the immutability of the Torah.
10. The belief in God's omniscience and providence.
11. The belief in divine reward and retribution.
12. The belief in the arrival of the Messiah and the messianic era.
13. The belief in the resurrection of the dead.

Shabbat

Shabbat is recognized as a day of rest and prayer for Jews. It typically

begins at sunset on Friday and lasts until nightfall on Saturday. Observing
Shabbat can take many forms, depending on the type of Judaism that a
Jewish family may follow. Orthodox and Conservative Jews, for example,
may refrain from performing any physical labor, using any electrical device
or other prohibited activities. Most observant Jews celebrate Shabbat by

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reading or discussing the Torah, attending a synagogue or socializing with
other Jews at Shabbat meals.
The Creation of Israel

During and after the Holocaust, many Jews returned to their

homeland (in the Middle East region known as Palestine) and
embraced Zionism, a movement for the creation of a Jewish state that
emerged in 19th-century Europe. In 1948, Israel officially became an
independent nation. David Ben-Gurion, one of the leading promoters of a
Jewish nation state, was given the title of prime minister. This event was
considered a success for the Jewish people who had tirelessly petitioned for
an independent state in their homeland. However, tensions between Jews
and Arabs living in Palestine escalated in the years since Israel became a
state and are still ongoing today.

Types of Judaism

1. Orthodox Judaism: Orthodox Jews are typically known for their

strict observance of traditional Jewish law and rituals. For instance,
most believe Shabbat shouldn’t involve working, driving or handling
money. Orthodox Judaism is a diverse sect that includes several
subgroups, including Hasidic Jews. This form started in the 18th
century in Eastern Europe and holds different values than traditional or
ultra-Orthodox Judaism. Hasidic Jews emphasize a mystical experience
with God that involves direct communion through prayer and worship.
Chabad is a well-known Orthodox Jewish, Hasidic movement.

2. Reform Judaism: Reform Judaism is considered a liberal category of

the religion that values ethical traditions over strict observance of
Jewish laws. Followers promote progressive ideas and adaptation. Most
of the Jews living in the United States follow Reform Judaic traditions.

3. Conservative Judaism: Many people consider this form of Judaism

somewhere in between Orthodox and Reform Judaism. Typically,
conservative Jews honor the traditions of Judaism while allowing for
some modernization.

4. Reconstructionist Judaism: Reconstructionism dates back to 1922

when Mordecai Kaplan founded the Society for the Advancement of
Judaism. This sect believes that Judaism is a religious civilization that’s
constantly evolving.

5. Humanistic Judaism: Rabbi Sherwin Wine founded this

denomination of Judaism in 1963. Humanistic Jews celebrate Jewish
history and culture without an emphasis on God. While there are

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 various denominations of Judaism, many Jews don’t identify with a
particular classification and simply refer to themselves as Jewish.

Judaism: Signs and Symbols

• Mezuzah, tzitzit and tefillin are reminders of the commandments

• The menorah (candelabrum) is the ancient universal symbol of

Judaism

• The Jewish star (Magen David) is a modern universal Jewish symbol

• Jews wear a skullcap (yarmulke) as a pious custom

• Chai, found on jewelry, is the number 18, which is a favorable number

• The Hamesh
What Hand
are is common
the in Jewish
Practices jewelry, but its connection to
of Judaism?
Judaism is questionable
According to weebly.com, there are several forms of
practices incorporated in the Jewish religion mainly done as a more
practical form of respect.

Kosher:
It is a common dietary rule associated with Judaism based on
the specified instructions of the Torah and has held great meaning
throughout Jewish history. There are also dietary limitations and the foods
are cooked and prepared according to the Jewish Dietary laws. "Do not eat
blood, do not cook a kid in its mother milk, do not eat shellfish, do not eat
birds of prey and only eat meat from animals with split hooves who chew
cud." Many observant Jews feel the need to incorporate the Kosher law as a
doing of greater respect to God whilst other members of the Jewish religious
community prefer to semi-kosher (going under the Kosher rule at home and
dining normally outside) and some even prefer to exclude Kosher entirely.

Birth and naming ceremonies:

Once a Jewish child is born, the father is required to pray and ask for
health and well-being blessings. Most female children are named the first
coming Sabbath however a male child is named on the eighth day and on
the same day Brit Millah (male circumcision) takes place.

Coming of age:
By the age of 13, a boy is considered an "adult" and is expected to
obey all commandments. Likewise, the female becomes a "daughter of
commandment" by the age of 12.

Marriage:

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 Marriage is a greatly valued in Judaism and this leads to a concept of
family importance and family being the central importance of life. Marriage
also elevates one’s religious position as only a married man is able to
become a rabbi.

Death:
Death is seen as a natural theology and a plan of God. However, the
teachings of Judaism incorporate the immortality of the one’s soul. (This
links back to the 13 fundamental principles "the resurrection of the
dead"). Mourning services do take place to comfort and help them return to
their place and after the family of the deceased return home, food and visits
are brought to them for the next seven days.

Story of Samson
(https://www.britannica.com)

Samson, Hebrew Shimshon, legendary Israelite warrior and judge, or

divinely inspired leader, renowned for the prodigious strength that he
derived from his uncut hair. He is portrayed in the biblical Book of
Judges (chapters 13–16).

Samson’s incredible exploits, as

related in the biblical narrative, hint at
the weight of Philistine pressure
on Israel during much of Israel’s early,
tribal period in Canaan (1200–
1000 BCE). The biblical narrative,
only alluding to Samson’s “twenty years”
activity as a judge, presents a few
episodes, principally concerned with the
beginning and the end of his activity.

Before hi conception, his mother, a

peasant of the tribe of Dan at Zorah,
near Jerusalem, was visited by an angel
who told her that her son was to be a
lifelong Nazirite—i.e., one dedicated to the
special service of God, usually through a
vow of abstinence from strong drink, from shaving or cutting the hair, and
from contact with a dead body.

Samson possessed extraordinary physical strength, and the moral of

his saga relates the disastrous loss of his power to his violation of the
Nazirite vow, to which he was bound by his mother’s promise to the angel.
He first broke his religious obligation by feasting with a woman from the
neighbouring town of Timnah, who was also a Philistine, one of Israel’s
mortal enemies.

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 Other remarkable deeds follow. For example, he decimated the
Philistines in a private war. On another occasion he repulsed their assault
on him at Gaza, where he had gone to visit a harlot. He finally fell victim to
his foes through love of Delilah, who beguiled him into revealing the secret
of his strength: his long Nazirite hair. As he slept, Delilah had his hair cut
and betrayed him. He was captured, blinded, and enslaved by the
Philistines, but in the end God granted Samson his revenge; through the
return of his old strength, he demolished the great Philistine temple of the
god Dagon, at Gaza, destroying his captors and himself (Judges 16:4–30).

Let Us Practice

Match the term in column A to its description in column B. Write your

answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Column A Column B

1 Judaism’s belief A. This form of Judaism is somewhere in between

Orthodox and Reform Judaism
2 Torah B. This sect believes that Judaism is a religious
civilization that’s constantly evolving.
3 Founder of Judaism C. Jews who celebrate Jewish history and culture
without an emphasis on God.
4 First Temple D. Jews who emphasize a mystical experience
with God that involves direct communion
through prayer and worship.
5 Second Temple D. It is the world’s oldest monotheistic religion

6 Mishnah E. It is a text that describes and explains the

Jewish code of law that was previously orally
communicated.
7 Talmud F. It is a collection of teachings and
commentaries on Jewish Law, was created.
8 Shabbat G. It is recognized as a day of rest and prayer for
Jews.

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9 Orthodox Jews H. They are typically known for their strict
observance of traditional Jewish law and
rituals.
10 Reform Judaism I. They are considered a liberal category of the
religion that values ethical traditions over
strict observance of Jewish laws.
11 Conservative J. There’s only one God who has established a
Judaism covenant
12 Reconstructionist K. It includes the same books as the Old
Judaism Testament in the Christian Bible.
13 Humanistic Judaism L. a Hebrew man named Abraham

14 Hasidic Jews M. the central place of worship for Jews

15 Judaism N. a temple that was eventually destroyed by the

Romans in 70 A.D

Let Us Practice More

Based on the Judaism Practices, enumerate the DO’s and DON’T’s. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Jewish Practices DO’s DON’T’s

Kosher 1 6

Birth and Naming 2 7

Ceremonies

Coming of Age 3 8

Marriage 4 9

Death 5 10

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 Let Us Remember

Using the format below, make an infographic of the six (6) elements of
Judaism.

Signs and Symbols Jewish Prayers

Sacred texts/ Definition of

books the word God

Ceremonies and Sacred spaces

rituals

Let Us Assess

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 Let Us Assess

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Jewish people believe there’s only one God who has established a covenant.
What belief do they have?
A. Atheistic C. Polytheistic
B. Monotheistic D. Theistic

2. What is the name of Jewish house of prayer?

A. Church C. Synagogue
B. Mosque D. Temple

3. Which of the following does Pentateuch mean?

A. Torah—the first two books of the Tanakh
B. Torah—the first four books of the Tanakh
C. Torah—the first five books of the Tanakh
D. Torah—the first six books of the Tanakh

4. He was a Hebrew man who became known as the founder of Judaism.

A. Abraham C. Jacob
B. Isaac D. Samson

5. In what name does Israel come from?

A. Abraham C. Jacob
B. Isaac D. Samson

6. Which book does Jewish considered as the sacred text?

A. Mishnah C. Pentateuch
B. Talmud D. Tanakh

7. Which text does describe and explain the Jewish code of law that was
previously orally communicated?
A. Mishnah C. Pentateuch
B. Talmud D. Tanakh

8. It is a collection of teachings and commentaries on Jewish law.

A. Mishnah C. Pentateuch
B. Talmud D. Tanakh

9. Why is Shabbat recognized as very important for the Jews?

A. It is a day of rest and prayer.
B. It is a day of work and prayer.
C. It is a day that God has made.
D. It is a day of rest and recreation.

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10. Jasmin, who is an Orthodox Jew, recently turned down a job offer on
religious grounds because the position required working weekends. Why
can't Jasmin take the position?
A. Orthodox Judaism forbids women from working on the weekends, in
order to better serve their families on the Shabbat.
B. Orthodox Judaism believes that the sacred texts should be strictly
adhered to in everyday life, including the assertion that Shabbat is a day
of rest.
C. Orthodox Jews are expected to work at their synagogue every Saturday
preparing for services the following day.
D. Orthodox Judaism strictly forbids devoting time to anything other than
worship.
11. Why do Jewish people feel the need to incorporate Kosher into their dietary
law?
A. to give honor to God
B. to give greater respect to God
C. to give chance for animals to live
D. to give respect to God and animals

12. Why was the Ark of the Covenant so important to the Hebrews?
A. It contained the hundreds of laws written by Moses.
B. It contained instructions in the sacrifice of Abraham’s son.
C. It contained the commandments, which was written by God.
D. It was the physical representation of God used by the Hebrews for
worship.

13. The following activities are allowed during Shabbat, EXCEPT:

A. attending a synagogue
B. reading or discussing the Torah
C. socializing with other Jews at Shabbat meals
D. using any electrical device and watching movies

14. Why is marriage greatly valued in Judaism?

A. Marriage is necessary to have more rabbi.
B. Marriage is of central importance in family and life.
C. Marriage is of central importance according to Abraham.
D. Marriage is necessary to have more children who will worship God.

15. Why does the story of Samson become relevant to the life of Israelites?
A. Samson was an important hero who saved Israelites from slavey.
B. Samson was a judge during Israel’s early, tribal period in Canaan.
C. Samson was an important hero at a troubled time for the Israelites.
D. Samson was an important hero at a troubled time for the Jewish people.

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 Let Us Enhance

Based on the story of Samson, enumerate his physical and moral

characteristics both negative and positive.

POSTIVE NEGATIVE

1. 6.

2. 7.

3. 8.
Moral and Physical
descriptions of
Samson

4. 9.

5. 10.

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 Let Us Reflect

Please complete the paragraphs below with appropriate word or phrase.

Jewish people believe there’s only (1) _______________who has

established a covenant—or special agreement—with them. Their God
communicates to believers through (2) _________________ and rewards good
deeds while also punishing evil. Most Jews believe that their Messiah
hasn’t yet come—but will one day.

Jewish people worship in holy places known as (3) _______________,

and their spiritual leaders are called rabbis. The six-pointed (4)
______________ is the symbol of Judaism.

The Jewish sacred text is called the (5) _______________or the

“Hebrew Bible.” It includes the same books as the (6) _________________in
the Christian Bible, but they’re placed in a slightly different order. The (7)
_______________ the first five books of the Tanakh—outlines laws for Jews
to follow. It’s sometimes also referred to as the (8) _________________.

The origins of Jewish faith are explained throughout the Torah.

According to the text, God first revealed himself to a (9) ______________
named (10) __________________, who became known as the founder of
Judaism.

Jews believe that God made a special covenant with Abraham and
that he and his (11) _________________ were chosen people who would
create a great nation. Abraham’s son (12) _____________________, and his
grandson (13) ________________, also became central figures in ancient
Jewish history. Jacob took the name (14) ____________________, and his
children and future generations became known as (15)
_______________________.

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 15
Let us enhance Let us reflect Let us remember
(possible answers)
1. one God 1. Signs and symbols:
1. prodigious strength 2. prophets Mezuzah, Jewish star, the
2. legendary warrior 3. synagogues Menorah, etc.
3. a judge 4. Star of David
4. servant of God 5. Tanakh 2. Jewish practices:
5. divinely inspired leader 6. Old Testament Kosher, Child naming,
6. immoral 7. Torah marriage, death, etc
7. violator of a vow 8. Pentateuch
8. disobedient 9. Hebrew man 3. Sacred texts/ book:
9. womanizer 10. Abraham Torah, Talmud
10. killer Philistines 11. descendants
12. Isaac 4. Definition of word God:
13. Jacob He who has established a
14. Israel covenant with them.
Let us assess 15. Israelites
5. Ceremonies and rituals:
1. B 6. D 11. B Shabbat
2. C 7. A 12. A 6. Sacred spaces:
3. C 8. B 13. D synagogues
4. A 9. A 14. B
5. C 10. B 15. C
Let us practice more Let us practice Let us try
(possible answers)
1. J 1. Christianity
1. They eat meat from 2. K 2. Islam
animals with split hooves 3. L 3. Influence
who chew cud 4. M 4. Positive
2. Father prays for health 5. N 5. Negative
and well-being blessings. 6. E 6. Culture
3. The children should obey 7. F
7. Spirituality
the commandments 8. G
8. Buddhism
4. It leads to a concept of 9. H
family importance of life 10. I 9. Hinduism
5. It is a natural theology 11. A 10. Worldview
and a plan of God 12. B 11. World religions
6. They do not eat blood 13. C 12. Society
7. Naming of children has 14. D 13. Belief systems
specific day. 15. E 14. Muslim
8. Ages 13 (boys) and 12 15. Judaism
(girls) are considered adult.
9. Only a married man can
become a rabbi
10. Judaism believes the
incorporation of all the
souls.
Answer key to Activities
 References

Chabad.org. Maimonedes: The Thirteen Principles of Jewish Faith. Accessed

October 30, 2020. https://www.chabad.org/library/article

Fordham University. Maimonides: The 13 Principles and the Resurrection of the

Dead. Accessed October 27, 2020. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/

Goodman, Martin. A History of Judaism. Princeton University Press Princeton and

Oxford Copyright. 2018.

History.com Editors. Judaism. Updated: September 16, 2020. Original: January 5,

2018. Accessed October 27, 2020.
https://www.history.com/topics/religion/judaism

Neusner, Jacob. Judaism and Christianity in the Age of Constantine History,

Messiah, Israel, and the Initial Confrontation. The University of Chicago
Press Chicago and London. 2007.

Rich, Tracey R. Judaism101: Signs and Symbols. Accessed October 29. 2020.
https://www.jewfaq.org/signs.htm

Weebly.com. Judaism: Rituals and Practices. Accessed October 27, 2020.

https://judaisminfosite.weebly.com/

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Para sa mga katanungan o puna, sumulat o tumawag sa:

Department of Education – Region XI Davao City Division

Elpidio Quirino Avenue, Davao City, Davao del Sur, Philippines

Telephone: (082) 224 0100 / 228 3970

Email Address: info@deped-davaocity.ph / lrmds.davaocity@deped.gov.ph

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