TLE-Mechanical Drafting

LESSON 3
Interpreting Working Plan
and Sketches

At the end of lesson the students should be able to

IDENTIFY ASSEMBLY AND DETAILED DRAWING

INTRODUCTION:

This lesson will familiarize you in drawing mechanically the orthographic and
pictorial projections using compass, triangle, T-square, pencils, erasers, and technical
pens. It is important to have basic knowledge and skills in orthographic projection
because this can be used or applied in any construction to be undertaken.
This is also designed to teach you on how to interpret simple working drawing as
well as to familiarize them with the assembly and detailed drawing. Furthermore, this
lesson will enable you to practice the correct use of different lines in drawing for the
construction of work.

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 LEARNING GOALS / TARGET 1

LG 1. Identify assembly and detailed drawing

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

1. Interpret orthographic and pictorial drawings according to drawing standards.

2. Interpret assembly and detailed drawing according to drawing standard.

Materials
T- square

Triangles 30 x 60 and 45 x 45

Pencils/ mechanical pencils

Compass

Drawing paper

Drawing board

Scale

Eraser

Erasing shield

Protractor

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 What Do You Already Know?

Let us determine how much you already know about the

assembly and detailed drawing. Take this test.

Pre-test LG 3

A. Directions: Read each statement carefully and select the letter of the word/s it
describes.

1. It is the system for graphically representing an object by line a drawn on a

flat surface.

A. Orthographic Projection B. Pictorial Drawing

C. Multi-view Drawing D. Isometric Drawing

2. What angles of projection is generally used for drafting purposes?

A. Ninety degrees and Forty five Degrees B. First Angle and Third Angle
C. Second Angle and Fourth Angle D. Thirty Degrees and Sixty
Degrees

3. The standard projection used by many European countries (ISO Standard).

A. Orthographic Projection B. Third-angle Projection

C. Isometric Projection D. First-angle Projection

4. It refers to the common views used in multi-view drawing.

A. front, top, and sides B. front, rear and sides

C. front, sides and rear D. front, top and rear

5. It is a type of dimensioning that requires all dimensions be lettered between

guide lines that are parallel to the bottom edge of the drawing paper.

A. Aligned Method B. Location Dimension

C. Overall Dimension D. Uni-directional Method

6. It refers to the orthographic view drawn directly above the front view.

A. Auxiliary view B. Top View

C. Right side view D. Left Side View

7. It is the standard of projection used by Americans, British and Canadians

(ANSI Standard).American National Standard Institute

A. First-angle Projection B. Orthographic Projection

C. Diametric Projection D. Third-angle Projection

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 8. A line used to show the limits of a dimension.

A. Extension line B. Object line

C. Dimension line D. Center line

9. An oblique drawing in which the depth axis lines are in full size.

A. Cabinet Oblique B. Cavalier Oblique

C. General Oblique D. Oblique Perspective

10. In a scale 1: 20 meters, this is the equivalent of 5 meters.

A. 20 cm. B. 15 cm. C. 5 cm. D. 10 cm.

11. This is the type of oblique pictorial view where the dimension of the receding
features of the object is drawn half-scale.

A. Cabinet Projection B. Cavalier Projection

C. Isometric Projection D. Orthographic Projection

12. The point where the horizontal line in the perspective view seems to
converge or meet.

A. Station Point B. Vanishing Point

C. Center Point D. Piercing Point

13. it is a type of dimensioning that requires all dimension figures, except to angular
contours, be lettered between guide lines that are parallel to the dimension lines.

A. Aligned Method C. B. Location Dimension

Overall Dimension D. Uni-directional Method

14. The process of describing the object by placing sizes and related information
on a drawing.

A. Dimensioning B. Sectioning
C. Scaling D. Tolerancing

15. This is the dimension that gives the detail and overall sizes of the object.

A. Location dimension B. Figure Dimension

C. Shape dimension D. Size Dimension

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 What Do You Need To KNOW?
Information Sheet 1.1

Read the Information Sheet very well then find out how much you
can remember and how much you learned by doing Self-check 1.1.
A drawing is made up of different lines. Each line represents something. A
surface, hidden surface, an extension of a surface, a center of a hole, or a line with
dimensions on it. In order to make the drawing easier to read and understand, each
kind of line is drawn with a different line weight. Read and understand the following.

ALPHABET OF LINES

Visible line – a thick line that represents the visible edges or outline of the object;
also known as the object line

Hidden line – a medium thick line composed of short dashes about 2-3 millimeters long
with space between dashes about 1-2 millimeters wide; it represents the surface or
edges that cannot be seen

Center line – a thin line consisting of two long dashes and short dash drawn
alternately with a gap of at least 2 millimeters in between; it represents the axis or
center of symmetrical shapes like a ball, washer, rectangular block, cube

Section line – a thin lines to show the surface that has been cut; they are spaced
evenly at 45 degrees with the horizontal to make shaded effect

Extension line – a thin line that extends from the object in order to show
dimension limits

Dimension line – a thin line with an arrowhead in one end used to indicate
the measurements of the object

Long-break line – a medium thick line consisting of broken and straight lines drawn
alternately. This is also known as the limiting line. This limits the length of an elongated
object without changing the size of its view.

Short-break line – thick line drawn in freehand to show details that a part has been
cut off or broken out.

Leader line – a short inclined thin line with an arrowhead at the end and short
horizontal line on the other end.

Phantom line – a thin line that shows position(s) of part of an object that moves
drawn by two short dashes and one long dash.

Cutting-plane line –thick lines used to indicate an imaginary cut through an object
along the line. Made up of two long dashes broken in one end with an arrowhead
and two short dashes drawn in between the long dashes.

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 What Do You Need To Know?
Read the Information Sheet very well then find out how much
you can remember and how much you learned by doing Self-
check 1.2.

Information Sheet 1.2

Artist’s drawing is generally called freehand drawing, drawings are made without
the use of drawing instruments or straightedges. Freehand drawing is synonymous to
sketching. This technique is necessary in any area of drafting and an important skill for
everyone. Skills in freehand drawing can be achieved through constant training and
practice.

Line Sketching

One advantage of freehand sketching is that it needs only patience and

continuous practice.

Basic Line Sketching

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 How Much Have You Learned?
Self-Check 1.2

Directions: Using a separate sheet of paper, sketch the following lines indicated
in each box.

Lines should be drawn freehand.

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