OHELEN, Jarren Lis B CE ELECT 2S Midterm Exam (Problem 102)

BSCE 3 WSat 7:30 – 9:30 a.m.

Instruction: Calculate/solve the following problems. NO SOLUTION NO CREDIT.

PROBLEM 101 Given Structure

SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

TYPICAL PLAN
Problem 102
Given the same problem in Problem 101, calculate the design wind load pressures for this structure in accordance
with Analytical Procedure on wind load calculation stipulated on the NSCP-2015 if to be constructed with infill
concrete hollow block walls. Additional specifications are given as follows:

Location: San Carlos, Pangasinan

Occupancy Category: Standard Occupancy
Terrain: Flat terrain
Dimensions: 7.6 m x 62.37 m
Roof slope =0°, with roofing materials as metal panels

SOLUTION:

Occupancy Category: (Ref: Table 103-1)

The building is given to be under Standard Occupancy or
Occupancy Category IV.

Basic Wind Speed, V: (Ref: Figure 207A.5-1C)

The structure is located in San Carlos, Pangasinan and by using the wind hazard map,
the basic wind speed may be taken as 260kph
V = 72.22 m/s.

Wind Directionality Factor, Kd: (Ref: Table 207A.6-1)

Wind directionality factor Kd is equal to 0.85 for buildings on MWFRS. Use
Kd = 0.85.

Exposure Category: (Ref: Section 207A.7.2 & 207A.7.3)

The building is located in a suburban area as described in surface roughness B. Thus, the exposure category shall be
taken as
Exposure B.

Topographic Factor, Kzt: (Ref: Section 207A.8.2)

The building is on a flat terrain and does not meet all the conditions as specified in section 207A.8.1 of NSCP. Thus,
Kzt = 1.0.

Fundamental Natural Frequency, n1: (Ref: Section 207A.9.2)

The building is designed with steel moment-resisting-frame. Therefore, the approximate natural frequency na is
calculated as
𝑛𝑎 = 22.2/ℎ0.8
𝑛𝑎 = 22.2/5.20.8
𝑛𝑎 = 5.94 𝐻𝑧
𝑛1 = 5.94 𝐻𝑧
Therefore, the structure is considered as rigid building.

Enclosure Classification: (Ref: Section 207A.10)

The building is classified as
enclosed.

Internal Pressure Coefficient, GCpi: (Ref: Section 207A.11)

The building has CHB walls on all sides, and other openings are such that it does not qualify for partially enclosed or
an open building. Therefore, for enclosed building, use

𝑮𝑪𝒑𝒊 = ±𝟎. 𝟏𝟖.

 Velocity Pressure Exposure Kz or Kh:
The value of the velocity pressure exposure coefficients, K z and Kh for MWFRS and C&C are presented below:
For Exposure B,
----- α = 7.0, zg = 365.76

At elevation (mean roof height) z = h = 5.2 m

2/𝑎 2/7
𝑧 5.2
𝐾𝑧 = 2.01 ( ) = 2.01 ( )
𝑧𝑔 365.76
𝑲𝒛 = 𝑲𝒉 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟗𝟔

Velocity Pressure at height z and h, Kz and Kh respectively:

Velocity pressure is determined using the following equation. The equation is the same for MWFRS and C&C.
N
q z = q h = 0.613K z K zt K d V 2 ;V in m/s
m2
Where
------ Kz = 0.596
------ Kzt = 1.0
------ kd = 0.85
------ V = 72.22 m/s
q z = 0.613(0.596)(1.0)(0.85)(72.222 )
𝐪𝐳 = 𝟏𝟔𝟐𝟎 𝐍/𝐦𝟐
Similarly,
𝒒𝒉 = 𝟏𝟔𝟐𝟎 𝑵/𝒎𝟐 𝑓𝑜𝑟 ℎ = 5.2 𝑚

Design Wind Pressure, p:

Design wind pressure for MWFRS are determined using the equation
p = qGC𝑝 − 𝑞𝑖 (𝐺𝐶𝑝𝑖 )
where,
q = qz for windward wall
q = qh for leeward wall, side walls and roof

Gust Effect Factor, G: (Ref: Section 207A.9.1)

The gust effect factor for a rigid building or other structure is permitted to be taken as 0.85 and the given is
considered as a rigid structure, thus
𝐆 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓

Wall Pressure Coefficient, Cp:

The windward wall pressure coefficient is 0.80; the side wall pressure coefficient is -0.70; while the leeward wall
pressure coefficient is a function of L/B ratio values.
Surface L/B Cp
Windward Wall All Values 0.80
Wind normal to 62.37 m:
-0.5
L/B = 7.6/62.37 = 0.122 @0-1
Leeward Wall
Wind normal to 7.6 m:
-0.2
L/B = 62.37/7.6= 8.207 @≥ 4
Sidewalls All Values -0.70

Therefore, the wall design pressure for the MWFRS:

Surface P (N/m2)
Windward Wall All p = (1620)(0.85)(0.80) − (1620)(±0.18) 1102 ± 292
p = (1620)(0.85)(−0.5) − (1620)(±0.18)
Wind normal to 62.37 m −689 ± 292
Leeward Wall
p = (1620)(0.85)(−0.20) − (1620)(±0.18)
Wind normal to 7.6 m −275 ± 292
Sidewalls All p = (1620)(0.85)(−0.70) − (1620)(±0.18) −964 ± 292
 Roof Pressure Coefficient, Cp:
The roof pressure coefficients are a function of roof slope and the ratio h/L.
For slope θ<10° and ratio h/L ≤ 0.5

Distance Cp
0 to h -0.9
1ST VALUE h to 2h -0.5
> 2ℎ -0.3

2ND VALUE 0 to end -0.18

Therefore, the roof design pressure for the MWFRS:

Distance P (N/m2)
0 to h (0 to 5.2 m) p = (1620)(0.85)(−0.90) − (1620)(±0.18) −1239 ± 292
h to 2h (5.2m to 10.4m) p = (1620)(0.85)(−0.5) − (1620)(±0.18) −689 ± 292
>2h (>10.4m) p = (1620)(0.85)(−0.30) − (1620)(±0.18) −413 ± 292

Design Pressure for C&C, p:

Design wind pressure for C&C are determined using Section 207E.4-2 Part1. The equation shall be

p = qℎ [(𝐺𝐶𝑝 ) − (𝐺𝐶𝑝𝑖 )]

Wall Pressure for C&C:

CHB wall effective wind area is determined using the definition from
Section 207A.2. To better approximate the actual load distribution in
such cases, the width of the effective wind area used to evaluate (GCp)
need not to be taken as less than one-third the span length.

CHB wall effective wind area.

A = (5.2) (5.2/3) = 9.01 m2
The effective pressure coefficients for C&C having this effective wind
area:
Interior Zone 4: (GCP) = +0.81 and -0.93
Corner Zone 5: (GCP) = +0.81 and -1.09
In Figure 207E.4-1, Note 5 suggests that the pressure coefficient values for walls can be reduced by 10% for roof slope
of 10° or less. Thus, the calculations below take 90% of the calculated or graphed values. The values of (GC P) are
obtained from Figure 207E.4-1.

Wall design pressure for C&C:

USE: P (N/m2)
Interior p = (1620)[(0.9)(−0.93) − (±0.18)] p = −1648 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 1064 𝑁/𝑚2 -1648
Zone 4 p = (1620)[(0.9)(0.81) − (±0.18)] p = 889 𝑎𝑛𝑑 1473 𝑁/𝑚2 𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟑
p = (1620)[(0.9)(−1.09) − (±0.18)] p = −1881 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 1298 𝑁/𝑚2 -1881
Corner
Zone 5 p = (1620)[(0.9)(0.81) − (±0.18)] p = 889 𝑎𝑛𝑑 1473 𝑁/𝑚2 𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟑
Corner Zone 5 distance, ɑ shall be the smaller value of:
ɑ = (0.1) (7.6) = 0.76 m (Governs)
ɑ = (0.4) (5.2) = 2.08 m

Roof Pressure for C&C:

For roof framing member, the roof effective wind area A, shall be the larger of:

A= (7.6) (5.5) = 41.8 m2 (Governs)

A= (7.6) (7.6/3) = 19.25 m2

Then the pressure coefficients for C&C having this effective wind area:
Interior Zone 1: (GCP) = +0.20 and -0.90
Eave Zone 2: (GCP) = +0.20 and -1.10
Corner Zone 3: (GCP) = +0.20 and -1.10
Roof Design Pressures on framing members for C&C, as follows:
USE: P (N/m2)
Interior p = (1620)[−0.90 ± 0.18] p = −1166 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 1750 𝑁/𝑚2 -1750
Zone 1 p = (1620)[0.20 ± 0.18] p = 615 𝑎𝑛𝑑 32.4 𝑁/𝑚2 𝟔𝟏𝟔
p = (1620)[−1.10 ± 0.18] p = −1490 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 2074 𝑁/𝑚2 −𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟒
Eave
Zone 2 p = (1620)[0.20 ± 0.18] p = 615 𝑎𝑛𝑑 32.4 𝑁/𝑚2 𝟔𝟏𝟔
in which the width of Zones 2 and 3, ɑ, shall be the smaller value of:
ɑ = (0.1) (7.6) = 0.76 m (Governs)
ɑ = (0.4) (5.2) = 2.08 m

Roof Panel Member:

For roof panel member, the roof effective wind area, A, shall be the larger of:
A= (0.6) (5.5) = 3.30 m2
A= (5.5) (5.5/3) = 10.083 m2 (Governs)

For the roof panel member, pressure coefficients for C&C having this effective wind area:
Interior Zone 1: (GCP) = +0.20 and -0.90
Eave Zone 2: (GCP) = +0.20 and -1.10
Corner Zone 3: (GCP) = +0.20 and -1.10

Roof Design Pressures on panel members for C&C, as follows:

USE: P (N/m2)
Interior p = (1620)[−0.90 ± 0.18] p = −1166 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 1750 𝑁/𝑚2 -1750
Zone 1 p = (1620)[0.20 ± 0.18] p = 615 𝑎𝑛𝑑 32.4 𝑁/𝑚2 𝟔𝟏𝟔
p = (1620)[−1.10 ± 0.18] p = −1490 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 2074 𝑁/𝑚2 −𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟒
Eave
Zone 2 p = (1620)[0.20 ± 0.18] p = 615 𝑎𝑛𝑑 32.4 𝑁/𝑚2 𝟔𝟏𝟔
in which the width of Zones 2 and 3, ɑ, shall be the smaller value of:
ɑ = (0.1) (7.6) = 0.76 m (Governs)
ɑ = (0.4) (5.2) = 2.08 m
 Design Wind Load Cases for All Heights:
The following figures show the schematic diagram of wind pressures on wall and roof for the MWFRS, expressed in
N/m2.
Design Pressure: Adopted from Wind Load Case 1 and 3.

WALL PRESSURE DIAGRAM (LOAD CASE 1)

WALL PRESSURE DIAGRAM (LOAD CASE 3)

ROOF PRESSURE DIAGRAM