Ucsp - Reviewer

REVIEWER IN UCSP Each ethnic group may develop prejudice and
stereotypes about other ethnic groups.

CULTURAL VARIATIONS AND SOCIAL Prejudices are faulty generalizations about an entire
DIFFERENCES ON GENDER AND SOCIOECONOMIC group of people that is based on little or no evidence.
CLASSES Stereotypes are oversimplified assumptions that
describe a whole ethnic group.
Gender refers to social, cultural, and psychological
characteristics or traits related to males and females based on 2. Racism
certain social contexts. It is different from sex, which refers to Racism is the discrimination or prejudice based on
the biological characteristics that distinguish a male from a one’s race.
female. Example: In the 1970’s, white Americans
Gender roles refer to attitudes and behaviors that the society 3. Ethnocentrism
expects a person to exhibit based on his or her sex. Ethnocentrism is the discrimination and prejudice
on one’s culture. It is a belief that one’s own culture
Socioeconomic class refers to a category that groups people is better than the other.
with the similar economic, social, cultural, and political status.
4. Genocide
Economic Status is the basis for ranking people which only Genocide is the elimination of group of people from
includes income int the family the same race, ethnic group, religion or nation. It is
an extreme action against people from another
Philippine Pre-Colonial Period Socioeconomic Class ethnicity or race.
1. Maharlika
2. Timawa 5. Ethnic Cleansing
3. Alipin (Namamahay/ Sagiguilid) Ethnic Cleansing is the harassment, rape, or forced
migration of an ethnic group to banish them from a
Spanish Period Socioeconomic Class certain area or territory.
1. Peninsulares
2. Insulares CULTURAL VARIATIONS AND SOCIAL
3. Illustrados DIFFERENCES ON EXCEPTIONALITY/ NON-
4. Mestizos EXCEPTIONALITY AND NATIONALITY
5. Indios
Disability is a term that refers to a condition wherein the loss
Indian Caste System Socioeconomic Class of physical functioning.
1. Brahmins (Priests)
2. Kshatriyas (Kings, Rulers, Warriors) Exceptionality is a concept that describes how an individual’s
3. Vaisyas (Merchants, Craftsmen, Skilled workers) specific abilities and functioning—physical, intellectual, or
4. Sudra (Unskilled workers, servants) behavioral are different from the established normal or typical
5. Dalits (untouchables, outcasts) qualities.
Bourgeois is the class that owns the means of production.
Labels are used for societal members to have a grasp of the
different types of exceptionalities. Terms like ‘gifted’,
Proletariats are anyone who is not an owner of the means of
‘talented’, ‘special child’, ‘deaf’, ‘blind’, and ‘dyslexic’ are
production and must work to survive.
only some of the labels used by people to refer to individuals
possessing characteristics or ability of the exceptional.
CULTURAL VARIATIONS AND SOCIAL
DIFFERENCES ON ETHNICITY AND RELIGION
Jus sanguinis (translated as “right of blood”), nationality and
Ethnicity refers to a group of people, also called the ethnic
citizenship are determined by the parent’s nationality.
group, who have a common or shared culture, language,
history, religion, and tradition. Jus soli (translated as “right of soil”), one’s nationality is
determined by the territory or land in which the child is born.
Race refers to a group of people that shares the same physical
attributes, such as skin color, height, and facial features. STUDY OF CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS
Religion can be defined as a set of practices and behaviors
that relate to a group of people's beliefs in a god or a group of Anthropology is the study of humans and their society in the
gods. past and present.
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES ABOUT ETHNICITY Sociology is the study of human social relationships and
AND RELIGION institutions.
1. Prejudices and Stereotyping
Political science is a social science discipline that deals with
systems of government and the analysis of political activities
and political behavior.
Elections is the formal and organized process of electing or

being elected, especially of members of a political body or
legislative body.
Political Dynasty is a term used in politics to refer to a family

in which several members are involved in public governance.
Political Candidate Endorsement by a Celebrity is when a

political candidate seeks the help of a well-known or
influential personality in a campaign.
CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CHANGE
Cultural Change is the transformation of culture, or the way

people live.
Diffusion is the movement of one idea, belief, or value system

from one culture to another.
Acculturation is the large-scale diffusion of traits and culture

that occurs over a long period of time.
Transculturation occurs when an individual relocates and

adapts the cultural practices of the new environment.
Social Change is the transformation of social institutions over

time.
Political change happens when the rulers of a country lose

power or when the type of governance in the country changes.
ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON CULTURE

AND SOCIETY
Society is a community or group of individuals joined together

by sustained bonds and interactions.
Structural Functionalism focuses on the interrelated parts of

society and the important functions they perform to sustain its
needs.
Critical Theory is considered as a conflict theory since it

focuses on the inequalities present in society.
Interpretive Approach deals with micro interactions and

relationships of people within society.

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REVIEWER IN UCSP Each ethnic group may develop prejudice and

stereotypes about other ethnic groups.

Elections is the formal and organized process of electing or

Political Dynasty is a term used in politics to refer to a family

Political Candidate Endorsement by a Celebrity is when a

CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CHANGE

Cultural Change is the transformation of culture, or the way

Diffusion is the movement of one idea, belief, or value system

Acculturation is the large-scale diffusion of traits and culture

Transculturation occurs when an individual relocates and

Social Change is the transformation of social institutions over

Political change happens when the rulers of a country lose

ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON CULTURE

Society is a community or group of individuals joined together

Structural Functionalism focuses on the interrelated parts of

Critical Theory is considered as a conflict theory since it

Interpretive Approach deals with micro interactions and

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