Aops Community 2006 China Team Selection Test

AoPS Community 2006 China Team Selection Test
China Team Selection Test 2006

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4962
by shobber, zhaobin
Day 1 March 19th
1 ABCD is a trapezoid with AB||CD. There are two circles ω1 and ω2 is the trapezoid such that
ω1 is tangent to DA, AB, BC and ω2 is tangent to BC, CD, DA. Let l1 be a line passing through
A and tangent to ω2 (other than AD), Let l2 be a line passing through C and tangent to ω1 (other
than CB).
Prove that l1 ||l2 .
(a+1)n −an
2 Find all positive integer pairs (a, n) such that n is an integer.
3 Given n real numbers a1 , a2 . . . an . (n ≥ 1). Prove that there exists real numbers b1 , b2 . . . bn
satisfying:
(a) For any 1 ≤ i ≤ n, ai − bi is a positive integer.
n2 −1
(b) 1≤i<j≤n (bi − bj )2 ≤
P
12
Day 2 March 20th
1 Two positive valued sequences {an } and {bn } satisfy:

(a): a0 = 1 ≥ a1 , an (bn+1 + bn−1 ) = an−1 bn−1 + an+1 bn+1 , n ≥ 1.
Pn 3
(b): i=1 bi ≤ n 2 , n ≥ 1.
Find the general term of {an }.
2 Let ω be the circumcircle of 4ABC. P is an interior point of 4ABC. A1 , B1 , C1 are the inter-
sections of AP, BP, CP respectively and A2 , B2 , C2 are the symmetrical points of A1 , B1 , C1
with respect to the midpoints of side BC, CA, AB.
Show that the circumcircle of 4A2 B2 C2 passes through the orthocentre of 4ABC.
3 Let ai and bi (i = 1, 2, · · · , n) be rational numbers such that for any real number x there is:
n
X
2
x +x+4= (ai x + b)2
i=1
Find the least possible value of n.
© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 1

Day 3 March 22nd
1 The centre of the circumcircle of quadrilateral ABCD is O and O is not on any of the sides of
ABCD. P = AC ∩ BD. The circumecentres of 4OAB, 4OBC, 4OCD and 4ODA are O1 , O2 ,
O3 and O4 respectively.
Prove that O1 O3 , O2 O4 and OP are concurrent.
x1 , x2 , · · · , xn are positive numbers such that ni=1 xi = 1. Prove that

P
2
n
! n !
X √ X 1 n2
xi √ ≤√
i=1 i=1
1 + xi n+1
3 d and n are positive integers such that d | n. The n-number sets (x1 , x2 , · · · xn ) satisfy the fol-
lowing condition:
(1) 0 ≤ x1 ≤ x2 ≤ · · · ≤ xn ≤ n
(2) d | (x1 + x2 + · · · xn )
Prove that in all the n-number sets that meet the conditions, there are exactly half satisfy
xn = n.
Day 4 March 24th
1 Let K and M be points on the side AB of a triangle 4ABC, and let L and N be points on the
side AC. The point K is between M and B, and the point L is between N and C. If KM
BK CL
= LN ,
then prove that the orthocentres of the triangles 4ABC, 4AKL and 4AM N lie on one line.
2 Given three positive real numbers

√ x, y, z such that x + y + z = 1, prove that
xy yz
√
xy+yz
+ √yz+zx + √zx+xy ≤ 2 .
zx 2
3 Find all second degree polynomial d(x) = x2 + ax + b with integer coefficients, so that there
exists an integer coefficient polynomial p(x) and a non-zero integer coefficient polynomial q(x)
that satisfy:
(p(x))2 − d(x) (q(x))2 = 1, ∀x ∈ R.
Day 5 March 26th
1 Let A be a non-empty subset of the set of all positive integers N ∗ . If any sufficient big positive
integer can be expressed as the sum of 2 elements in A(The two integers do not have to be

different), then we call that A is a divalent radical. For x ≥ 1, let A(x) be the set of all elements
in A that do not exceed x, prove that there exist a divalent radical A and a constant number C
√
so that for every x ≥ 1, there is always |A(x)| ≤ C x.
2 The function f (n) satisfies f (0) = 0, f (n) = n−f (f (n − 1)), n = 1, 2, 3 · · · . Find all polynomials
g(x) with real coefficient such that
f (n) = [g(n)], n = 0, 1, 2 · · ·
Where [g(n)] denote the greatest integer that does not exceed g(n).
3 Given positive integers m and n so there is a chessboard with mn 1 × 1 grids. Colour the grids
into red and blue (Grids that have a common side are not the same colour and the grid in the
left corner at the bottom is red). Now the diagnol that goes from the left corner at the bottom
to the top right corner is coloured into red and blue segments (Every segment has the same
colour with the grid that contains it). Find the sum of the length of all the red segments.
Day 6 March 28th
1 Let the intersections of O1 and O2 be A and B. Point R is on arc AB of O1 and T is on

arc AB on O2 . AR and BR meet O2 at C and D; AT and BT meet O1 at Q and P . If P R
and T D meet at E and QR and T C meet at F , then prove: AE · BT · BR = BF · AT · AR.
2 Prove that for any given positive integer m and n, there is always a positive integer k so that
2k − m has at least n different prime divisors.
3 k and n are positive integers that are greater than 1. N is the set of positive integers. A1 , A2 , · · · Ak
are pairwise not-intersecting subsets of N and A1 ∪ A2 ∪ · · · ∪ Ak = N .
Prove that for some i ∈ {1, 2, · · · , k}, there exsits infinity many non-factorable n-th degree
polynomials so that coefficients of one polynomial are pairwise distinct and all the coeficients
are in Ai .
Day 7 March 31st
1 H is the orthocentre of 4ABC. D, E, F are on the circumcircle of 4ABC such that AD k

BE k CF . S, T , U are the semetrical points of D, E, F with respect to BC, CA, AB. Show that
S, T, U, H lie on the same circle.
2 Given positive integer n, find the biggest real number C which satisfy the condition that if the
sum of the reciprocals of a set of integers (They can be the same.) that are greater than 1 is
less than C, then we can divide the set of numbers into no more than n groups so that the sum
of reciprocals of every group is less than 1.

3 For a positive integer M , if there exist integers a, b, c and d so that:
M ≤ a < b ≤ c < d ≤ M + 49, ad = bc
then we call M a GOOD number, if not then M is BAD. Please find the greatest GOOD number
and the smallest BAD number.
Day 8 April 1st
1 k is an odd number that is greater or equal than 3. Prove that there exist a k-th degree integer
valued polynomial with non-integer coefficients that has the following properties:
(1) f (0) = 0, f (1) = 1.
(2) There exist infinity many positive integer n so that if the equation:
n = f (x1 ) + · · · + f (xs )
has integer solutions x1 · · · xs , then s ≥ 2k − 1.
2 Given positive integers m, a, b, (a, b) = 1. A is a non-empty subset of the set of all positive
integers, so that for every positive integer n there is an ∈ A and bn ∈ A. For all A that satisfy
the above condition, find the minimum of the value of |A ∩ {1, 2, · · · , m}|
3 4ABC can cover a convex polygon M .Prove that there exsit a triangle which is congruent to
4ABC such that it can also cover M and has one side line paralel to or superpose one side
line of M .

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AoPS Community 2006 China Team Selection Test

China Team Selection Test 2006

Day 1 March 19th

Day 2 March 20th

1 Two positive valued sequences {an } and {bn } satisfy:

Find the general term of {an }.

Find the least possible value of n.

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 1

Day 3 March 22nd

Prove that O1 O3 , O2 O4 and OP are concurrent.

x1 , x2 , · · · , xn are positive numbers such that ni=1 xi = 1. Prove that

Day 4 March 24th

2 Given three positive real numbers

Day 5 March 26th

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 2

Day 6 March 28th

1 Let the intersections of O1 and O2 be A and B. Point R is on arc AB of O1 and T is on

Day 7 March 31st

1 H is the orthocentre of 4ABC. D, E, F are on the circumcircle of 4ABC such that AD k

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 3

3 For a positive integer M , if there exist integers a, b, c and d so that:

M ≤ a < b ≤ c < d ≤ M + 49, ad = bc

Day 8 April 1st

has integer solutions x1 · · · xs , then s ≥ 2k − 1.

© 2019 AoPS Incorporated 4

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