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    MDCAT 2022 Hydrocarbons

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    zaka ullah
    The document summarizes chemistry concepts related to hydrocarbons including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds like benzene. It discusses reaction mechanisms such as free radical substitution, shapes of molecules, and various reactions including hydrogenation, hydration, halogenation, polymerization, and acidity. It also provides multiple choice questions testing understanding of reaction conditions, products of reactions involving functional groups, most stable carbocations, and order of reactivity.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    MDCAT 2022 Hydrocarbons

    Uploaded by

    zaka ullah
    446 views41 pages
    The document summarizes chemistry concepts related to hydrocarbons including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds like benzene. It discusses reaction mechanisms such as free radical substitution, shapes of molecules, and various reactions including hydrogenation, hydration, halogenation, polymerization, and acidity. It also provides multiple choice questions testing understanding of reaction conditions, products of reactions involving functional groups, most stable carbocations, and order of reactivity.

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    The document summarizes chemistry concepts related to hydrocarbons including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds like benzene. It discusses reaction mechanisms such as free radical substitution, shapes of molecules, and various reactions including hydrogenation, hydration, halogenation, polymerization, and acidity. It also provides multiple choice questions testing understanding of reaction conditions, products of reactions involving functional groups, most stable carbocations, and order of reactivity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    446 views41 pages

    MDCAT 2022 Hydrocarbons

    Uploaded by

    zaka ullah
    The document summarizes chemistry concepts related to hydrocarbons including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds like benzene. It discusses reaction mechanisms such as free radical substitution, shapes of molecules, and various reactions including hydrogenation, hydration, halogenation, polymerization, and acidity. It also provides multiple choice questions testing understanding of reaction conditions, products of reactions involving functional groups, most stable carbocations, and order of reactivity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Chemistry of Hydrocarbons

    • Mechanism of free radical substitution in alkanes


    • Shape of Ethane molecule in terms of sigma and pie bonds
    • Dehydration of alcohols and dehydrohalogenation of RX
    • Chemistry of Alkenes (Hydrogenation, Hydrohalogenation, Hydration,
    Halogenation, Halo hydration, Polymerization)
    • Chemistry of Alkynes (Hydrogenation, Hydrohalogenation, Hydration)
    • Acidity of Alkynes
    • Reactivity of alkanes, alkenes and alkynes
    1. Which condition can be used for hydrogenation of ethene:

    A. Pt/Pd, 250C, 1 atm


    B. Ni, 2500C, 1-5 atm
    C. Raney Ni, 1000C, 3 atm
    D. All of these
    2. Ethyne on treatment with HBr finally give:

    A. 1, 2-dibromoethane
    B. 1, 1-dibromoethane
    C. 1,2-dibromoethene
    D. 1,1-dibromoethene
    03. Most stable carbocation is:

    A. Tertiary
    B. Primary
    C.Secondary
    D. Methyl
    04. 2-Bromobutane reacts with alcoholic KOH to give:

    A. 1-Butene
    B. 1-Butanol
    C. 2-Butene
    D. 2-Butanol
    05. Baeyer's reagent is:

    A. 1% Cold alkaline KMnO4


    B. 1% hot acidified potassium dichromate
    C. (R)3 Al and TiCl4
    D. Liquid ammonia
    06. Alkenes undergo:

    A. Addition polymerization
    B. Condensation polymerization
    C. Addition elimination polymerization
    D. Both "B" and " 𝐶 "
    07. Polymerization of ethene to polyethene takes place in the
    presence of:

    A. C2 H5 4 Pb
    B. CH3 4 Pb and TiCl4
    C. Al C2 H5 3 and TiCl4
    D. Zn/HCl
    08. Propagation of free radical mechanism takes place by the:

    A. Reaction of free radical with free radical


    B. Formation of two free radicals
    C. Consumption as well as production of another free radical
    D. Reaction between two molecules
    09. Dehydration of alcohols with conc. H2 SO4 at 180∘ C gives:

    A. Ethers
    B. Esters
    C. Alkenes
    D. Alkyl halides
    10. Dehydrohalogenation of RX occurs in the presence of:

    A. An alcoholic base
    B. An alcoholic acid
    C. An alcoholic salt
    D. An alcoholic Grignard reagent
    11. Which of the following is not used for the dehydration of alcohols:

    A. P4 O10
    B. HNO3
    C. H2 SO4
    D. H3 PO4
    12. Which of the following test can be used for distinguishing an alkane
    and an alkene

    A. Bromine water test


    B. Hydroxylation
    C. Ozonolysis
    D. Both "A" and "B"
    13. Hydroxylation of alkenes produce

    A. Diols
    B. Vicinal diols
    C. Geminal diols
    D. Mono-ols
    14. In addition of HCl to CH3 CH = CH2 , which one will be added first:

    A. Cl+
    B. Cl−1
    C. H +
    D. H ∘
    15. Which of the following is most reactive to give electrophilic addition
    reactions

    A. Alkane
    B. Alkene
    C. Benzene
    D. Alkyne
    16. Acetone is prepared by the hydration of

    A. Ethyne
    B. Propyne
    C. Ethane
    D. Propane
    17. Which of the following compound reacts with sodium to yield
    hydrogen gas

    A. CH3 − CH3
    B. CH3 − CH = CH2
    C. CH ≡ CH
    D. CH3 − C ≡ C − CH3
    18. In the reaction of ethene with bromine the intêrmediate formed is
    19. Ethene on polymerization, give the product polyethene, this
    reaction may be called as

    A. Addition
    B. Substitution
    C. Condensation
    D. Pyrolysis
    20. Order of reactivity of hydrogen halide with alkenes is

    A. HBr > HI > HCl


    B. HF > HI > HCl
    C. HI > HBr > HF
    D. HI > HBr > HCl
    21. A gas decolorizes alkaline KMnO4 solution but does not give any
    PPT with ammonical AgNO3

    A. Methane
    B. Ethylene
    C. Ethane
    D. None of the above
    22. In the reaction sequence:
    H3C-CH2-CH2-Br+AlcKOH⟶ C ⎯⎯⎯
    H 2 SO4
    H 2O
    →D

    Product D will be
    A. Mixture of methanol and ethanol
    B. 2-propanol
    C. I-Propanol
    D. Propanoic acid
    23. Ethyne molecule is formed when two carbon atoms joined together
    to form a sigma bond only

    A. sp-s overlap
    B. sp-sp overlap
    C. sp2-sp2 overlap
    D. 2py-2py overlap
    24. Which of the following reactions is used for the production of
    alcohols on industrial scale

    A. Hydrohalogenation of alkenes
    B. Hydration of alkenes
    C. Hydroxylation of alkenes
    D. Hydrogenation of alkenes
    1. Which condition can be used for hydrogenation of ethene:

    A. Pt / Pd, 25∘ C, 1 atm


    B. Ni, 250∘ C, 1 − 5 atm
    C. Raney Ni, 100∘ C, 3 atm
    D. All of these
    1. In the nitration of benzene with conc. HNO3 + conc. H2 SO4 , the active
    species involved is known as:

    A. Nitrite ion
    B. Nitrate ion
    C. Nitrosonium ion
    D. Nitronium ion
    2. Which of the following is produced by the action of CH3 Cl on
    benzene in presence of AlCl3 followed by oxidation in the presence
    of acidified KMnO4

    A. Toluene
    B. o-Xylene
    C. m-Xylene
    D. Benzoic acid
    3. The C − C bond length in benzene is:

    A. Less than alkyne


    B. More than alkane
    C. Less than alkene
    D. Less than alkane
    4. Most reactive compound among the following:

    A. Benzene
    B. Benzoic acid
    C. Nitrobenzene
    D. Ethyl benzene
    5. Which group deactivates the benzene ring?

    A. −NH2
    B. −CHO
    C. −OR
    D. −OH
    HNO3 + H 2 SO4
    6. X ⎯⎯⎯
    Cl2
    FeCL3
    → Y ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ →Z Z in this reaction is possibly

    A. Benzene
    B. Chlorobenzene
    C. 3-Chloronitrobenzene
    D. 2-Chloronitrobenzene
    7. The major product of nitration of benzoic acid:

    A. 3-Nitrobenzoic acid
    B. 4-Nitrobenzoic acid
    C. 2-Nitrobenzoic acid
    D. 2,4-Dinitrobenzoic acid
    8. How many 𝜋 electrons are there in benzene to form delocalized
    electronic cloud?

    A. 3
    B. 4
    C. 8
    D. 6
    9. Benzoic acid is the only oxidation product along with formation
    H2 O and CO2 , of an organic compound 𝐴, when 𝐴 is treated with
    acidified potassium dichromate, 𝐴 is

    A. Ethyl benzene
    B. Benzoyl halide
    C. Aniline
    D. Benzophenone
    10. Intermediate product formed when propanoyl chloride reacts with
    benzene is
    11. Which of the following compound react slower than benzene in
    electrophilic substitution reaction:

    A. Nitrobenzene
    B. Phenol
    C. Aniline
    D. Toluene
    12. Among the following, which one has electron withdrawing effect:

    A. −NH2
    B. - CHO
    C. −N CH3 2
    D. −I
    13. Total number of hybrid orbitals of all the carbon atoms in benzene
    are:

    A. 3
    B. 6
    C. 12
    D. 18

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