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    Autocad 2009 2D Training Manual

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    Tamyizudin Kodri
    This document provides an overview of the basic functions and commands in AutoCAD 2D. It introduces how to launch AutoCAD, navigate between screens, use tools like undo and help, open and save drawings, and enter commands. The first chapter covers basic interface elements and navigation. The second chapter explains how to work with files, including opening, creating, and saving drawings. The third chapter introduces the line drawing command. The document serves as an introductory tutorial for new AutoCAD users.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Autocad 2009 2D Training Manual

    Uploaded by

    Tamyizudin Kodri
    242 views342 pages
    This document provides an overview of the basic functions and commands in AutoCAD 2D. It introduces how to launch AutoCAD, navigate between screens, use tools like undo and help, open and save drawings, and enter commands. The first chapter covers basic interface elements and navigation. The second chapter explains how to work with files, including opening, creating, and saving drawings. The third chapter introduces the line drawing command. The document serves as an introductory tutorial for new AutoCAD users.

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    2D_AutoCAD_2009

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    This document provides an overview of the basic functions and commands in AutoCAD 2D. It introduces how to launch AutoCAD, navigate between screens, use tools like undo and help, open and save drawings, and enter commands. The first chapter covers basic interface elements and navigation. The second chapter explains how to work with files, including opening, creating, and saving drawings. The third chapter introduces the line drawing command. The document serves as an introductory tutorial for new AutoCAD users.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    242 views342 pages

    Autocad 2009 2D Training Manual

    Uploaded by

    Tamyizudin Kodri
    This document provides an overview of the basic functions and commands in AutoCAD 2D. It introduces how to launch AutoCAD, navigate between screens, use tools like undo and help, open and save drawings, and enter commands. The first chapter covers basic interface elements and navigation. The second chapter explains how to work with files, including opening, creating, and saving drawings. The third chapter introduces the line drawing command. The document serves as an introductory tutorial for new AutoCAD users.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 342

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    AutoCAD 2009 2D Training Manual

    Written by Kristen S. Kurland

    AutoCAD is a registered trademark of Autodesk, Inc.

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 1 Introduction

    -2-

    1.1 Launching AutoCAD


    1. 2. 3. Choose Choose Click Start from the Windows program manager. Programs, Autodesk ,AutoCAD 2009. the AutoCAD 2009 for Windows icon.

    1.2 Text and Graphics Screens


    The graphics screen and the text screen are two different screens available in the drawing editor. 1. Press Function key F2 on the keyboard.

    TIPS:
    The Cursor must be in the drawing window in order to select objects. Maximize the AutoCAD windows to be full screen. This will make the drawings bigger and easier to read. Use ALT + TAB to move between Windows applications.

    1.3 Cursor
    Controls the size of the crosshair. The allowable range is from 1 to 100 percent of the total screen. At 100% the ends of the crosshair are never visible. When the size is decreased to 99% or below, the crosshairs have a finite size, and the crosshairs ends are visible when moved to the edge of the graphics area. The default size is 5%. 1. 2. 3. Choose Tools, Options Click the Display TAB. Drag the slider bar in under crosshair size to set the cursor size.

    1.4 Canceling a Command


    1. Press the ESCAPE (ESC) key on the keyboard.

    TIP: Pressing ESC twice clears nested commands.

    1.5 Menus and Colors


    Menu Browser
    1. 2. 3. Click on the A icon in the upper left corner of the drawing area. Click the desired pulldown menu. Click on the command to be executed from the pulldown.

    Quick Access Toolbar


    1. Click on one of the following icons for quick access to commands QNEW, OPEN, SAVE, PLOT, and UNDO/REDO.

    . Right-click the Quick Access toolbar and click Customize Quick Access Toolbar. The Customize User Interface dialog opens and displays the list of commands available. Drag commands you want to add from the command list pane in the Customize User Interface dialog box to the Quick Access toolbar.

    Info Center
    Quickly search for a variety of information sources, access product updates and announcements, and save topics with InfoCenter.

    Ribbon
    The ribbon provides a single, compact placement for operations that are relevant to the current workspace. It eliminates the need to display multiple toolbars, reducing clutter in the application window. The ribbon maximizes the area available for work using a single compact interface. The ribbon can be displayed horizontally, vertically, or as a floating palette. The horizontal ribbon is displayed at the top of the drawing window by default when you create or open a drawing. You can create your own panels to display on the ribbon; you can also modify the commands and controls on existing ribbon panels.

    1.6 Workspaces
    You can switch between the workspaces from the menu browser. 1. Click the Workspace switching icon in the lower left corner of the screen.

    2. Click on one of the following workspace options

    AutoCAD classic workspace

    1.7 AutoCAD ClassicToolbars


    Toolbars can be docked on the screen or they can float about the screen.

    To Float a Toolbar:
    1. 2. Choose the gray border surrounding each tool. Drag the toolbar to any area on the screen.

    To Dock a Toolbar:
    1. 2. Choose the title or gray border of the toolbar. Drag the toolbar to the top, bottom, left, or right area of the graphics display.

    Docked Toolbars Floating Toolbars

    TIP:
    -Holding the CTRL key while dragging will prevent docking.

    Loading Toolbars
    Right-clicking on an icon in any toolbar This will show a list of all available toolbars.

    Help Tooltips
    1. Move the mouse to the toolbar but do not pick the button.

    1.8 Status Bar and Command Prompt


    The Status Bar is the area below the command line that shows messages as well as coordinates, modes, and the current time. To activate SNAP, GRID, ORTHO, OSNAP, MSPACE, PSPACE, and TILE, you must double-click on the mode to change.

    Status Bar

    TIP:
    Right click on the blank area of the status bar to see the tools to turn off/on.

    1.9 Typing Commands


    Typing a Command
    All AutoCAD commands can be typed in at the command line. Many commands also have one or two letter aliases that can also be typed as shortcuts to the commands. 1. Type the desired command at the command prompt. Command : LINE or 2. 3. 4. Type the commands alias. Command: L Press ENTER. Type an option at the command prompt.

    TIP:Many AutoCAD commands require you to press ENTER to complete the command. You know you are no longer in an AutoCAD command when you see a blank command line.

    Reissuing the Last Command


    The last used AutoCAD command can be re-entered by one of the following three methods of ENTER. The ENTER key on the keyboard will always act as ENTER, the SPACEBAR and RIGHT MOUSE will act as enter most of the time (exceptions include placing TEXT). 1. 2. 3. Press the ENTER key on the keyboard or Press the Space bar on the keyboard. or Click the right mouse button.

    1.10 Pointing Device (Mouse)


    AutoCAD uses either a mouse or digitizing tablet to select objects in a zing drawing.

    Left Mouse Button


    Used to pick or select objects 1. 2. Click the left mouse button to select an object area in the drawing. Press ESC twice to deselect an object (or to cancel a command).

    Right Mouse Button


    Used to enter a command, repeat last command, or access shortcut menus. 1. Click the right mouse button.

    LEFT RIGHT MOUSE MOUSE

    TIPS: SHIFT + the right mouse button brings up the object snap menus. Various screen locations for the mouse brings up different menus.

    1.11 Undo and Redo


    Reverses the last action. 1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Edit, Undo. or Click the Undo icon. or Press CTRL + Z. Type U at the command prompt to undo the last command. Command: U

    Redo
    Reverses the effects of a single UNDO or U command. 1. 2. 3. TIPS: -UNDO has no effect on some commands and system variables, including those that open, close, or save a window or a drawing, display information, change the graphics display, regenerate the drawing, or export the drawing in a different format. -REDO must immediately follow the U or UNDO command. Choose Edit, Redo. or Click the Redo icon. or Type REDO at the command prompt to redo the last undo command. Command: REDO

    1.12 Function Keys and Accelerator Keys

    1.13 On-Line Help

    1. 2. 3.

    Choose Help, AutoCAD Help. or Click the Help icon. or Type HELP at the command prompt Command: HELP or

    4.

    Press Function Key F1

    Chapter 2 Introduction to Commands

    2.1 Open Existing Drawings


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Choose Press Click Type Press Double Click Click Click File, OPEN. or CTRL + O. or the OPEN icon. or OPEN at the command prompt. Command: OPEN ENTER the desired directory to find the drawing to open. the drawing name to open. The OK button.

    TIP: -Preview shows a bitmap image of the drawing selected. This image is the view that was last saved in the drawing. It will not show a preview of drawings saved before R13 AutoCAD.

    2.2 Creating a New Drawing


    NEW Command
    Creates a new drawing file. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Choose Press Click Type Choose Click Save File, New. or CTRL + N or the New icon. or NEW at the Command prompt. Command: NEW One of the options for creating a new drawing. The OK button. the drawing as another name.

    TIP: New drawings can also be created from Template Files.

    2.3 Saving Drawings


    Saves the most recent changes to a drawing. The first time an unnamed drawing is saved the Save As dialog box appears. AutoCAD saves its drawings as files with extensions ending in .DWG. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Choose Type Press Type Click File, Save or Saveas. or SAVE or SAVEAS at the command prompt. Command: SAVE or SAVEAS ENTER A new drawing name or keep the existing drawing name. The OK button.

    Various file types the drawings can be saved as

    TIP: Clicking the dropdown list for File type changes the format that the drawing can be saved in.

    Quick Save
    The QSAVE command is equivalent to clicking Save on the File menu. If the drawing is named, AutoCAD saves the drawing using the file format specified on the Open and Save tab of the Options dialog box and does not request a file name. If the drawing is unnamed, AutoCAD displays the Save Drawing As dialog box (see SAVEAS) and saves the drawing with the file name and format you specify. 1. 2. 3. Press Click Type CTRL + S. or the Save icon. or QSAVE at the command prompt, Command:QSAVE TIPS: Drawings can be saved as different versions of AutoCAD (e.g. R13, R14, R 2000, etc.) AutoSave settings under Tools, Options

    2.4 File Safety Precautions


    Autosave
    AutoCAD automatically saves information in .SV$ files; however, users should save their drawings to .DWG files every 10 minutes. A value of zero (0) disables autosave.

    Temporary Files
    These files have the extensions .ac$ (temporary drawing file). After a system failure, if you are on a network, you should not delete temporary files until you have verified that they are not part of an active editing session. Other temporary files may be left in the drawing directory or the temporary file directory. AutoSave and SV$ under Tools, Options...., Open and Save

    TIP:AutoCAD creates .BAK files that can be renamed to .DWG files.

    Security Options
    Specifies security settings to be used when your drawing is saved. The Password option adds a password to a drawing when it is saved.

    2.5 Exiting AutoCAD


    1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Type Press Click File, Exit. or QUIT at the command prompt. Command: QUIT ENTER Yes to save changes or No to discard changes.

    Chapter 3 Draw Commands

    3.1 Line Command


    Creates single straight line segments 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Choose Click Type Press Pick Pick Pick Press Type Draw, Line. or the Line icon. or LINE from the command prompt Command: LINE or L ENTER From point: (point) Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:(point) Specify next point or [Close/Undo]:(point) ENTER to end line sequence or U to undo the last segment To point: U (undo) or 10. Type C to create a closed polygon To point : C (close)

    TIPS: You can continue the previous line or arc by responding to the From point: prompt with a space or ENTER. Choose the right mouse button for the line pop-up menu to appear while in the line command

    3.2 Cartesian Coordinate System


    AutoCAD provides the user with an infinite two dimensional area to work with. Any entities place on the working two dimensional plane can be defined relative to the Cartesian coordinate system. The Cartesian coordinate system divides a two dimensional plane with two perpendicular axis. The X axis runs horizontal across the bottom of the screen. The Y axis runs vertically along the left side of the screen. These two axis intersect at the bottom left corner of the screen. Each of these axis is further divided into segments. Each segment is given a value. The X axis segments increase in value to the right. The positive X values are to the right of the intersection of the two axis. The negative X values are to the left. The positive Y values are above the intersection and increase up. The negative Y values are below.

    Absolute Coordinates
    1. Type x,y coordinate when AutoCAD asks for a point. From point: 1,1 To point: 2,1 To point: 2,2 To point: 1,2 To point: 1,1 NOTE: If dynamic input (F12) is on, you must type the # sign before entering absolute coordinates (e.g.#1,1).

    Relative Coordinates
    1. Type @deltax,deltay when AutoCAD asks for a point. From point pick point To point: @1,0 To point: @0,1 To point: @-1,0 To point: @0,-1

    Polar Coordinates
    1. Type @distance<angle when AutoCAD asks for a point. From point: pick point To point:@1<0 To point:@1<90 To point:@1<180 To point:@1<270

    3.3 Dynamic Input


    Dynamic Input provides a command interface near the cursor to help you keep your focus in the drafting area. When Dynamic Input is on, tooltips display information near the cursor that is dynamically updated as the cursor moves. When a command is active, the tooltips provide a place for user entry. Turning Dynamic Input ON/OFF 1. Click Dyn on the status bar or 2. Press F12

    Tip: Right-click Dyn and click Settings to control what is displayed by each component when Dynamic Input is on.

    3.4 Orthogonal Lines


    Controls lines from being drawn at various angles to straight lines. When the snap grid is rotated, ortho mode rotates accordingly. 1. 2. 3. Press Double Click Press Function Key F8. or ORTHO from the Status Bar. or CTRL + L.

    Line drawn with ORTHO ON

    Line drawn with ORTHO OFF

    3.5 Polar Tracking


    Polar Snaps work independently from snaps. With Polar Snaps on, AutoCAD shows the distances and angles being displayed as the cursor moves. 1. Choose Tools, Drafting Settings or 2. Type DDSETTINGS at the command prompt. Command : DDESTTINGS 3. 4. Choose Select the Polar trackingTAB from the dialog box. the desired incremental angle from the dropdown list (or create a new angle).

    5. 6.

    Pick Draw

    OK to exit the dialog box. a LINE using the Polar Snap references.

    3.6 Circles
    Circle Command
    1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Click Type Type Draw, Circle. or the Circle icon. or CIRCLE at the command prompt. Command: CIRCLE One of the following options: 3P/2P/TTR/<<center point>>: or 5. 6. 7. Pick Type Pick A center point. A radius or diameter. or A radius or diameter Diameter/<<radius>>:
    Circle, Tangent, Tangent Radius Circle, Center Diameter Circle, Center Radius

    TIPS: - To create circles that are the same size, press ENTER when asked for the circle radius. - When selecting a circle with a pickbox, be sure to select the circumference of the circle.

    Circle, Tangent, Tangent, Tangent

    3.7 Arc Command


    1. Choose Draw, Arc. or 2. 3. 4. Click Type Draw the Arc icon. or ARC at the command prompt Command: ARC One of the arcs.

    TIPS:
    -Except for 3 point arcs, arcs are drawn in a COUNTERCLOCKWISE direction. - While in the arc command, press the right mouse button to select the following options for arcs:

    Arc Examples 3 point arc Start ,center, chord length

    start, center, end

    Start, end, radius

    Start , center, included angle

    Start, end, direction

    Chapter 4 Erase and Selection Sets

    4.1 Erase and Selection Sets


    Erasing Objects

    1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

    Choose Click Type Pick Press

    Modify, Erase. or the Erase icon. or ERASE at the command prompt. Command : ERASE or E Object at the select object prompt. Select objects: (pick object) ENTER when you are done choosing objects. Select objects: ENTER

    Select objects with pickbox

    TIP: If the cursor is not touching an object, AutoCAD will create a crossing or window selection as defined on the following pages.

    4.2 Selection Set Options


    Type one of the following options at the Select objects: prompt: (point)One object. ALL Multiple Last Previous Group AUto SIngle Add Remove All objects within the drawing are selected unless they are on frozen or locked layers. Multiple objects selected without high lighting (faster edits). Last object. All objects in the previous selection-set. Objects in a named group. Automatic BOX (if pick in empty area). One selection (any type). Add mode: adds following objects to selection-set. Remove mode: removes following objects from selection-set.

    Window and Crossing


    Window Objects fully enclosed within Window.

    Crossing Objects within or Crossing a window.

    WPolygon All entities within the boundaries of a polygon created by inputted points.

    CPolygon All entities within or touching the boundaries of a polygon created by input.

    Fence Objects that are crossed by a temporary line.

    Remove from Selection Set


    1. Press SHIFT and select entities to remove them from the selection set.

    4.3 OOPS
    Reinserts the last erased set of objects or block even if it was not the last command issued. Otherwise Oops acts like UNDO. 1. Type OOPS at the command prompt to reinsert erased objects Command: OOPS

    4.4 Selection Preview


    SELECTIONPREVIEW Controls the display of selection previewing

    Chapter 5 Basic Display Commands

    5.1 ZOOM
    Increases or decreases the apparent size of objects in the current viewport 1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Click Type Type View, Zoom. or a Zoom icon. or ZOOM at the command prompt. Command: Zoom or Z One of the following zoom options:

    The following are basic zoom options: All Extents Previous Window Places entire drawing (all visible layers) on display at once. Forces a regeneration. Displays current drawing content as large as possible. Restores previous view. Designates rectangular area to be drawn as large as possible. Magnification relative to ZOOM All display Magnification relative to current display (1X) Specifies center point and new display height. Permits you to pan a box representing the viewing screen around the entire generated portion of the drawing and enlarge or shrink it.

    Number Number X Center Dynamic

    TIPS:
    -While in the ZOOM command, click with the right mouse button to see the menu to the right.

    5.2 PAN
    Shifts the location of a view. 1. Choose View, Pan. or 2. Click the Pan icon. or 3. Type PAN from the command prompt. Command: PAN or P

    TIPS:
    While in the PAN command, click with the right mouse button to see the following menu.

    Panning can also be done by using the window scroll bars

    5.3 Redraw and Regen


    Redraw refreshes the current view. 1. Type Redraw at the command prompt Command: Redraw or R REGEN regenerates the entire drawing and recomputes the screen coordinates for all objects. It also re-indexes the drawing database for optimum display and object selection performance. 1. Type REGEN at the command prompt. Command: REGEN or RE

    TIP: When BLIPMODE is on, marker blips left by editing commands are removed from the current viewport Blips showing Blips removed after redraw

    5.4 Blipmode
    Controls the display of marker blips. When Blip mode is on, a temporary mark in the shape of a plus sign (+) appears where points are specified. BLIPMODE is off by default. 1. Type BLIPMODE at the command prompt. Command: BLIPMODE

    Chapter 6 Drawing Aids

    6.1 SNAP Command


    1. 2. 3. Choose Type Type Tools, Drafting Settings... or SNAP at the command prompt. Command: SNAP or SN One of the following options: Snap spacing or [ON/OFF/Aspect/Style/Type]:

    Turn Snap On/OFF


    1. Press Function Key F9 to turn the snap ON/OFF. or 2. 3.
    TIP:

    Double Click Press

    SNAP on the Status Bar. or CTRL + B.

    Click with the right mouse button on the SNAP option from the status bar as a shortcut to changing the snap settings.

    6.2 Grid Command


    1. 2. Choose Type Tools, Drafting Settings... or DSETTINGS at the command prompt. Command : DSETTINGS (DS) or 3. 4. Type Type GRID at the command prompt. Command: GRID One of the following options: Grid spacing(X) or ON/OFF/Snap/Aspect <0000>:

    Turn Grid On/Off


    1. 2. 3. Press Double Click Press Function Key F7 to turn the grid ON/OFF. or GRID on the Status Bar. or CTRL + G.

    7.1 Running Object Snaps


    An object snap mode specifies a snap point at an exact location on an object. OSNAP specifies running object snap modes, which remain active until you turn them off. 1. 2. Choose Type Tools, Drafting Settings... or DDOSNAP at the command prompt Command: DDOSNAP or 3. 4. 5. Click Choose OSNAP on the Status Bar. an object snap to turn ON/OFF from the dialog box. Right Click the Object Snap TAB.

    7.2 Case by Case (Temporary Mode)


    1. Press SHIFT + the RIGHT MOUSE BUTTON.

    or 2. Click one of the object snaps located Object Snap toolbar icon.

    or 3. Type The object snap at the prompt line. Command: Line From pt: ENDP To pt: MID To pt: CEN

    TIP:
    Case by Case objects snaps will override running mode object snaps

    7.3 Osnap Settings


    When you use any of the object snap settings, AutoSnap displays a marker and a Snap tip when you move the cursor over a snap point. 1. 2. 3. Choose Select Change Tools, Options... the Drafting tab in the Options dialog box. settings and choose OK.

    The following are object snap modes: CENter ENDpoint INSertion INTersection MIDpoint NEAerst APParent Int NODe NONe PERpendicular QUAdrant QUIck TANgent Center of Arc or Circle Closest endpoint of Line/Arc Insertion point of Text/Block/Shape/ Attribute Intersection of Lines/Arcs/Circles Midpoint of a line/Arc or midpoint Nearest point on a Line/Arc/Circle/Point Finds where two entities would intersect Nearest point entity (or Dimension defini tion point) None (off) Perpendicular to a Line/Arc/Circle Quadrant point on an Arc/Circle Quick mode (first find, not closest) Tangent to Arc or Circle

    7.4 Aperture
    Controls the size and appearance of the pickbox used for object snap selection. 1. 2. Type Type APERTURE at the command prompt Command: APERTURE The size of the target box ( 3-8 is a good size) Size of target box in pixels (1-50): (number) or

    Aperture

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 8 Setting Up a Drawing

    - 53 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial List Command 8.1


    1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Click Type Pick Tools, Inquiry, List. or the List icon from the Inquiry Toolbar. or LIST at the command prompt. Command: LIST or LI The object or objects to list. Select objects: (select) 5. Press ENTER when you are finished choosing objects:

    - 54 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Measuring Distances 8.2


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Choose Click Type Pick Pick Tools, Inquiry, Distance. or the Distance icon from the Inquiry Toolbar. or DIST at the command prompt Command: DIST The first point to measure from First point: pick point The second point to measure to Second point: pick point Distance Between Circle Centers

    TIP:
    Be sure to use Object Snaps with the MEASURE command.

    - 55 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Calculating Areas 8.3


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Choose Click Type Pick Pick Pick Press Tools, Inquiry, Area. or the Area icon. or AREA at the command prompt Command: AREA The first point for area calculation <First point>/Object/Add/Subtract: pick Next point: pick Next point: pick ENTER when you are finished choosing points. Area of Rectangle

    Object Add Subtract

    Allows user to pick an object to calculate area (circle or polyline). Adds separate areas for a total area calculation Subtracts areas from each other.

    TIPS:
    Be sure to use Object Snaps with the MEASURE command To subtract an area, you must first be in add mode to add the first area.

    - 56 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial ID Command 8.4


    1. Choose Edit, Inquiry, Locate Point. or 2. Click the Locate Point Icon from the Inquiry Toolbar. or 3. Type ID at the command prompt. Command: ID 4. Pick A point to identity Point : pick point

    Using ID at the corner of the box rests the 0,0 origin for relative coordinates

    TIP:
    AutoCAD returns the X,Y, and Z coordinates as well as making this the last point entered in the drawing (to move relative from) Be sure to use Object Snaps with the ID command.

    - 57 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial UNITS Command 8.5


    1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Type Choose Choose Format, Units... or DDUNITS at the command prompt. Command: DDUNITS or UN a units and angle setting. a precision setting.

    - 58 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Drawing Limits 8.6


    The drawing limits are two-dimensional points in the World Coordinate System that represent a lower-left limit and an upper-right limit. The drawing limits also govern the portion of the drawing covered by the visible grid and determine the minimum area a ZOOM All displays. 1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Type Type Type Format, Drawing Limits. or LIMITS at the command prompt Command: LIMITS One of the following options On/Off/Lower left corner <.000,0.000>: 0,0 One of the following options for the upper right limit: Upper right corner <12.0000,9.0000>:36,24 Drawing with lower left limit of 0,0 and upper right limit of 36,24

    TIP S:
    You can also pick points to define the limits. The limcheck variable controls whether or not you can draw outside the limits that are set. A setting of 0 (off) indicates that you can draw outside the limits and a setting of 1(on) indicates that you cannot.

    - 59 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Plot Scales and Paper Sizes 8.7


    The following is an example of setting up an AutoCAD drawing for a D size sheet of paper (36 x24) with a scale of 1/16=1'). 1. 2. Size Border Size the object youre drawing. 36 x 24 plotted, 576' x 384' drawn. For some plotters, deduct a 1/2 margin on top, bottom, and left,and a 1 margin on the right. 3. 4. Limits Text Height Lower left limit 0,0. Upper right limit 576', 384'. for 1/8 notes, multiply by 192 which is the reciprocal of the plot scale. 1/8 plotted, 24 drawn. 5. 6. 7. Hatch Scale Dimension Scale Ltscale for patterns other than architectural. Hatch Scale = 192 Dimscale = 192 Ltscale = 96

    Determine your object size

    - 60 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Decide Border (Paper) Size

    Decide the Scale Factor for Object which is at least 212, 212. To do this, multiply the scale factor x paper size. (i.e.: 1/16=1-0 has scale factor 192)

    - 61 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Set Drawing Limits

    Determine Dim Scale, Hatch Scale, Ltscale, and Text Height

    DIMSCALE 192 HATCHSCALE 192

    TEXT HEIGHT

    LTSCALE 96 (1/2 scale)

    - 62 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 9 Plotting

    - 63 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Plot Command 9.1


    1. Choose File, Plot. or 2. Click the Plotter icon. or 3. Type PLOT at the command prompt. Command: PLOT or PRINT or 4. Press CTRL + P

    - 64 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Plot Settings

    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

    Choose Choose Choose Choose Choose Choose Choose Click

    the Plot Settings tab. the appropriate paper size based on the chosen plotter. the paper units (inches or mm). the drawing orientation (Portrait, Landscape, Upside down). the plotting area. the plot scale. plot to center or specify an x or y offset. OK.

    - 65 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Adding a Plotter 9.2


    Plotter Manager Wizard
    1. 2. Choose Double-Click File, Plotter Manager the Add a Plotter Wizard icon.

    AutoCAD adds a plotter configuration to a saved plot file called ?.PC3. You can then load from this file later. 3. 4. Click Choose Next > My Computer. My Computer will configure a plotter using Autodesk Drivers. System Printer will configure AutoCAD using Windows printer drivers that are already installed.

    5.

    Click

    Next >

    - 66 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Choosing a Plotter Driver
    6. Choose one of the Autodesk Plotter options. Your purchased plotter should be listed here. If it is not, you can choose Have Disk... and specify a location for a plotter driver. You can also plot to a file by choosing the DXB, Autodesk ePlot, or Raster File options.

    Importing a .PCP or .PC2 file


    7. 8. Choose Click Import File...if you wish to import a previously saved plot configuration file. Next >

    - 67 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Define a Port
    9. Choose an available port. NOTE: You can plot to a specific file name or Autospool to a file which can be automatically sent to the plotter at a later date. Next >

    10. Choose

    Saving a Plot Configuration Name


    11. Type 12. Choose 13. Click the file name you wish to save. Next > Finish

    AutoCAD will save a new Plot configuration icon.

    - 68 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Plot Styles 9.3


    Add a Plot Style
    A plot style controls how an object or layer is plotted by determining plotted properties such as lineweight, color, and fill style. Plot style tables collect groups of plot styles. The Plot Style Table Manager is a window that shows all the plot style tables available in AutoCAD. There are two plot style types: color-dependent and named. A drawing can only use one type of plot style table . You can convert a plot style table from one type to the other. You can also change the type of plot style table a drawing uses once it has been set. 1. 2. Choose Double-Click File, Plot Style Manager. Add a Plot Style Table Wizard icon.

    3. 4.

    Click Choose

    Next > Start from Scratch to create a new Plot Style. You can also use a previously configured plot style, import a style from a previous release of AutoCAD, or import a pen table.

    5.

    Click

    Next >

    - 69 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    6. 7. Choose Click Color-Dependent Plot Style Table Next >

    8. 9.

    Type Click

    a name for the plot style table. Next>

    - 70 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    10. Choose Plot Style Table Editor...

    11. Pick

    an AutoCAD color and assign properties to it. For example, if you want all RED objects to be plotted with a pen width of .25 mm, choose that lineweight.

    12. Choose 13. Choose

    Save and Close Finish

    AutoCAD will save the file called COLORPLOTSTYLE.CBT - 71 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Named Plot Styles 9.4


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Choose Double-Click Click Choose Click Choose Click Type Click File, Plot Style Manager. Add a Plot Style Table Wizard icon. Next > Start from Scratch to create a new Plot Style. Next > Named Plot Style Table Next > a name for the plot style table. Next> Plot Style Table Editor... names for various styles. Save and Close.

    10. Choose 11. Create 12. Choose

    - 72 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 10 Edit Commands

    - 73 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Move Command 10.1


    1. Choose Modify, Move. or 2. Click the Move icon. or 3. Type MOVE at the command prompt Command: MOVE or M 4. Pick Objects to move Select objects: (select) 5. Pick A point to move from Base point or displacement: (pick point) 6. Pick A point to move to Second point of displacement: (pick point)

    Circle before move

    Circle after move

    TIP:
    To move an object a specified distance, type a distance at the second point of displacement prompt: @1<0

    - 74 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Copy Command 10.2


    1. Choose Modify, Copy. or 2. Click the Copy icon. or 3. Type COPY at the command prompt. Command: COPY or CP 4. Pick Objects to copy. Select objects: (select) 5. Pick A point to move from. Base point or displacement/Multiple: (pick point). 6. Pick A point to copy to. Second point of displacement: (pick point) or 7. Type A point to copy to. Second point of displacement: @ 1<0

    Duplicate objects copied

    Multiple objects copied

    TIP:
    To copy many objects in the same copy command, type M for Multiple at the Base point or displacement/Multiple option.

    - 75 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Previous Selection 10.3


    Places selected objects in the Previous selection set

    1.

    Choose

    Modify, Move. or

    2.

    Click

    the Move icon. or

    3.

    Type

    MOVE at the command prompt. Command: MOVE or M

    4.

    Pick

    Objects to move. Select objects: (P)

    Previous Selection Set Highlighted

    TIP:
    AutoCAD requires that objects be selected in order to be processed. The Select Objects prompt occurs after many commands, including the SELECT command itself.

    - 76 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Offset Command 10.4


    Offset Distance
    To offset a specified distance: 1. Choose Modify, Offset. or 2. Choose the Offset icon. or 3. Type OFFSET at the command prompt. Command: OFFSET or O 4. Type The distance to offset. Offset distance or <Through point>: (number) 5. 6. Pick Pick The object to offset. Select object to offset: (select object) A side to offset object to. Side to offset: (pick side) 7. Pick Another object to offset Select object to offset: (pick side) or 8. Press Enter to end the command.

    Offsetting objects by specifying a distance

    - 77 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Offset Through Point
    To offset through point : 1. Type OFFSET at the command prompt Command: OFFSET 2. Type T to specify a through point Offset distance or <Through point>: (T) 3. Pick A point to offset through (HINT: use object snaps) Select object to offset: (pick) Through point: (select object)

    Offset through a point

    - 78 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial EXTEND 10.5


    1. Choose Modify, Extend. or 2. Click the Extend icon. or 3. Type EXTEND at the command prompt Command: EXTEND Select boundary edge(s)... 4. Pick The BOUNDARY edge to extend to Select objects: (select) 5. Press ENTER to accept the boundary edge Select objects: (press enter) 6. Pick The objects to extend <Select object to extend> / Project / Edge / Undo: Select an object, enter an option, or press enter : (select) 7. Press ENTER when you are done choosing objects
    Lines Extended to an Arc (Arc is boundary edge)

    TIP:

    Use the object selection option FENCE to choose multiple objects

    - 79 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial TRIM 10.6


    The TRIM command allows you to trim objects in a drawing so they end precisely at a cutting edge defined by one or more other objects in the drawing. 1. Choose Modify, Trim. or 2. 3. Click Type the Trim icon. TRIM at the command prompt Command: TRIM Select cutting edge(s)... 4. Pick The CUTTING edge to extend to Select objects: (select) 5. Press ENTER to accept the cutting edge Select objects: (press enter) 6. Pick Objects to trim <Select object to trim> / Project / Edge / Undo: Select an object, enter an option, or press enter 7. Press ENTER when you are done choosing objects Select object to trim/Undo: (press enter)
    Lines Trimmed to an Arc (Arc is cutting edge)

    TIP: Hold the SHIFT key to interactively extend instead of trim.

    - 80 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Edgemode
    Controls how the TRIM and EXTEND commands determine cutting and boundary edges.

    0 Uses the selected edge without an extension. 1 Extends the selected edge to its natural boundary.

    - 81 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial MIRROR 10.7


    1. Choose Modify, Mirror. or 2. Click the Mirror icon. or 3. Type MIRROR at the command prompt. Command: MIRROR 4. Pick Objects to mirror. Select objects:(select) 5. 6. 7. Pick Pick Type First point of mirror line: (point) Second point: (point) Yes to delete the original objects and No to keep them. Delete old objects? Y or N

    Mirror Line

    - 82 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Mirrtext 10.8


    Mirror reflects (mirrors) text if 1, retains text direction if 0. 1. Type MIRRTEXT at the command prompt. Command: MIRRTEXT 2. Type 1 to reflect the text and 0 to retain the text. Current value <0> New value: 1 or 0

    MIRRTEXT=ON

    MIRRTEXT=OFF

    - 83 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial ROTATE 10.9


    1. Choose Modify, Rotate. or 2. Click the Modify icon. or 3. Type ROTATE at the command prompt Command : ROTATE 4. Pick Objects to rotate: Select objects:(select) 5. Pick A pivot point to rotate around Base point: (point) 6. Type A rotation angle<Rotation angle>/Reference: (number) or 7. Pick A rotation angle<Rotation angle>/Reference: (point)

    - 84 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Reference Angle Rotation
    A positive angle causes counterclockwise rotation, and a negative angle produces clockwise rotation. If you respond to the last prompt with r, you can specify the current rotation and the new rotation you want. AutoCAD prompts:

    1. 2.

    Type Choose

    R for a rotation angle<Rotation angle>/Reference: (R) An existing rotation angle Rotation angle: (number or points)

    3.

    Choose

    A new rotation angle New angle: (number or points)

    TIP:
    You can show AutoCAD the reference angle (by pointing to the two endpoints of a line to be rotated), and then specify the new angle. You can specify the new angle by pointing or by dragging the object.

    - 85 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial SCALE 10.10


    1. Choose Modify, Scale. or 2. Click the Scale icon. or 3. Type SCALE at the command prompt Command: SCALE Select objects: (select objects) 4. 5. Pick Type A pivot point to scale about Base point: (point) A rotation angle<Scale factor>/Reference:(number) or 6. Pick A scale factor<Scale factor>/Reference: (point) Scale factor/Reference: (points)

    - 86 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Scale by Specifying Length
    You can show AutoCAD the reference length (by pointing to the two endpoints of a line to be scaled), and then specify the new length. You can specify the new length by pointing, or by dragging the object.

    1.

    Type

    R to define a reference length Scale factor/Reference: (R)

    2.

    Choose

    A reference scale factor Reference length : (number or points)

    3.

    Choose

    A new scale factor New length: (number or points)

    - 87 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 11 Text

    - 88 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Text Command 11.1


    Text
    Creates a single-line text object 1. Type TEXT at the command prompt Command: TEXT or 2. 3. Pick Pick the Single Line Text icon from the Text Toolbar. A start point Justify/Style/<Start Point>: (point) or 4. 5. Type Type J to change the justification or S to change the text style. A text height Height <default>: (type value or pick two points) 6. Type A rotation angle Rotation angle <default>: (angle or point) 7. Type A text string Text: (type text string) 8. Press enter to exit the Text: prompt.

    DTEXT (Dynamic Text)


    Creates a single-line text object, showing the text dynamically on the screen as it is entered. 1. Choose Draw, Text, Single Line Text. or 2. Type DTEXT at the command prompt Command : DTEXT 3. Follow the steps 3-8 from above.

    - 89 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Text Justification 11.2


    1. Type JUSTIFYTEXT at the command prompt Command: JUSTIFYTEXT or 2. Pick the Justify Text icon from the Text Toolbar.

    - 90 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Text Justifications
    A C F M R S TL Aligns text between two designated endpoints (height and angle are not requested in this case). Centers the text around a specified point. Aligns the text between two designated endpoints with a specified height that varies only in its X scale factor. Centers the text both horizontally and vertically around a specified point. Right justifies the text at a designated endpoint. Selects a different text style. Starts the top left portion of text at a given point.

    TC Centers the top center of the text at a given point. TR Ends the top of text at a given point. ML Starts the middle left portion of the text at a given point. MC Centers the middle of text at a given point. MR Ends the text at the middle right portion at a given point. BL Starts the bottom left portion of the text at a given point. BC Centers the bottom center portion of the text at a given point. BR Ends the bottom of text at a given point.

    - 91 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Text Styles 11.3


    Style Command
    1. 2. Choose Type Format, Text Style... or STYLE at the command prompt. Command: STYLE 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Pick Choose Choose Type Type the Text Style icon from the Text Toolbar. a style from the menu or create a NEW style. a font file. a height for the text (set to zero to vary heights) a width factor for each character. Width factor <1>: (enter) 8. Type an obliquing (slant) angle. Obliquing angle <0>: (angle or enter) 9. Type Yes or No to place characters backwards. Backwards? (Y or N) Yes or No to draw characters upside down. Upside down? (Y or N) Yes or No to draw characters vertically

    10. Type 11. Type

    - 92 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Font Files
    AutoCAD supports the following font types: .SHX .PFB .PFA .TTF Windows True Type Fonts AutoCAD Fonts Adobe Type I Fonts

    TIP:
    To replace the font globally in a drawing, type style at the command prompt and keep the same style name but replace the font file with the new font. When AutoCAD regenerates, it will replace all text drawn with that style with the new font.

    - 93 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Multiline Text 11.4


    Mtext Command
    1. Choose Draw, Text, Multiline Text... or 2. Pick the Mtext icon. or 3. Type MTEXT at the command prompt. Command: MTEXT 4. Type One of the following options Height/Justify/Rotation/Style/Width: or 5. Pick 2Points to define the text window.

    6.

    Type

    text or change an MTEXT setting.

    - 94 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    MTEXT options:

    Rotation Style Height

    Controls the rotation angle of the text boundary. Specifies the text style to use in paragraph text. Specifies the height of uppercase text

    Direction Specifies whether text is vertical or horizontal. Width Specifies the width of the text boundary.

    MTEXT Editor

    - 95 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Editing Text 11.5


    DDEDIT
    1. Choose Modify, Text... or 2. Click the Edit Text icon from the Text toolbar. or 3. Type DDEDIT at the command prompt. Command: DDEDIT or ED 4. Pick The text to edit. Select objects: (pick text) 5. Pick Additional text or ENTER to end the command. Select objects: ENTER Text Edit Dialog Box for TEXT and DTEXT Commands

    Text Edit for MTEXT command

    - 96 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Special Control Codes 11.6


    AutoCAD provides special control codes to return drafting symbols when using text. 1. Type The following characters to return equivalent symbol: %%d %%c %%p %%u %%o degree symbol () diameter symbol ()

    plus minus symbol () to start and stop underlining (NOTE) to start and stop overscoring (NOTE)

    The MTEXT command has additional symbols that can be accessed by right-clicking in the MText Editor for more Special Symbols.

    - 97 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Spell Check 11.7


    1. Choose Tools, Spelling or 2. Type SPELL at the command prompt. Command: SPELL 3. Pick The text to spell check. Select objects: (pick text) 4. Choose Change or Ignore to modify or accept the spelling of a word.

    5.

    Pick

    Change Dictionaries to create your own dictionary.

    - 98 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Annotative Text


    Use annotative text for notes and labels in your drawing. You create annotative text by using an annotative text style, which sets the height of the text on the paper. The current annotation scale automatically determines the display size of the text in model space or paper space viewports. For example, you want text to display at a height of 3/16" on the paper, so you can define a text style to have a paper height of 3/16". When you add text to a viewport that has a scale of 1/2"=1'0", the current annotation scale, which is set to the same scale as the viewports, automatically scales the text to display appropriately at 4.5". 1. Create an Annotative text style using the STYLE command.

    - 99 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Annotative Hatch

    - 100 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Scales Add Scale

    Change Scales

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 12 Layers, Linetypes, Colors

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Introduction to Layers and Layer Dialog Box12.1


    1. Choose Format, Layer. or 2. Type LAYER at the command prompt. Command: LAYER (or LA) or 3. Pick the layers icon from the Layer Control box on the object properties toolbar.

    AutoCAD 2005 Layer Properties

    - 101 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Layer Options 12.2


    ? Make Set New ON OFF Color Ltype Freeze Thaw Lock Unlock Plot No Plot LWeight Lists layers, with states, colors and linetypes. Creates a new layer and makes it current. Sets current layer. Creates new layers . Turns on specified layers. Turns off specified layers. Assigns color to specified layers. Assigns linetype to specified layers. Completely ignores layers during regeneration. Unfreezes specified layers Ltype. Makes a layer read only preventing entities from being edited but available visual reference and osnap functions. Places a layer in read write mode and available for edits. Turns a Layer On for Plotting Turns a Layer Off for Plotting Controls the line weight for each layer

    TIP:
    Layers can be set using the command line prompts for layers. To use this, type LAYER or -LA at the command prompt 1. 2. Type Type Command: -LAYER or LA One of the following layer options ?/Make/Set/New/ON/OFF/Color/Ltype/Freeze/Thaw:

    - 102 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Layer Shortcuts 12.3


    Changing the Layer of an Object

    1. 2.

    Click Select

    Once on the object to change. the desired layer from the Layer Control Box dropdown. AutoCAD will move the object to the new layer.

    Select layer Select object first

    - 103 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Making a Layer Current
    1. 2. Click Select once on the Make Objects Layer Current icon. object whose layer will become current:

    Match Properties
    1. 2. Choose Click Modify, Match Properties. or the Match Properties Icon from the Standard toolbar. or 3. 4. 5. Type Select Select Command : MATCHPROP or MA the object whose properties you want to copy (1). the objects to which you want to apply the properties (2).

    - 104 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Layer Previous 12.4


    1. 2. 3. 4. Open Turn Zoom Type an AutoCAD drawing with layers. layers on/off. or perform any AutoCAD Command. LAYERP at the command prompt. Command: LAYERP or 5. Click the Layer Previous icon.

    - 105 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Layer States 12.5


    1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Select Choose Choose the layer icon. various layers to be ON,OFF,FROZEN,LOCKED, etc. the Save State button. Restore State to restore the layer settings.

    - 106 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Color Command 12.6


    1. Choose Format, Color. or 2. Type DDCOLOR at the command prompt. Command: DDCOLOR or COL or 3. Choose Color on the Object Properties toolbar and then select a color from the list or select Other to display the Select Color dialog box.

    TIP:
    These settings ignore the current layer settings for color. By Layer If you enter bylayer, new objects assume the color of the layer upon which they are drawn. By Block
    If you enter byblock, AutoCAD draws new objects in the default color (white or black, depending on your configuration) until they are grouped into a block. When the block is inserted in the drawing, the objects in the bloc k inherit the current setting of the COLOR command.

    - 107 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Linetypes 12.7


    Loading and Changing Linetypes

    1.

    Choose

    Format, Linetype... or

    2.

    Type

    DDLTYPE at the command prompt. Command:DDLTYPE or LT

    3.

    Choose

    Load... to see a list of available linetypes.

    4.

    Choose

    the desired linetype to assign.

    5.

    Click

    OK.

    - 108 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Lineweights 12.8

    Loading and Changing Lineweights


    1. Choose Format, Lineweight... or 2. Type LINEWEIGHT at the command prompt. Command: LINEWEIGHT or LWEIGHT or 4. Pick a lineweight to make current from the Object Properties menu.

    TIPS: Lineweights can also be assigned to layers. The Display Lineweights feature can be turned on/off o n the status bar to show or not show lineweights in the drawing, thus making regenerations faster.

    Lineweights are displayed using a pixel width in proportion to the realworld unit value at which they plot. If you are using a high-resolution monitor, you can adjust the lineweight display scale to better display different lineweight widths. - 109 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Object Properties 12.9


    1. 2. Choose Click Modify, Properties. or the Properties icon. or 3. Type DDCHPROP or DDMODIFY at the command prompt. Command: DDCHPROP (CH) or DDMODIFY (MO) 4. Pick Objects whose properties you want to change Pick a window for DDCHPROP, single object for DDMODIFY. Select objects:(select) 5. Press ENTER to accept objects. Select objects: (press enter) 6. Choose One of the following properties to change.

    - 110 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 13 More Edit Commands

    - 111 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Break 13.1


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Choose Click Type Pick Pick Modify, Break. or the Break icon. or BREAK at the command prompt. Command: BREAK Object to break. Select object: (select one object) A second break point. Enter second point : (point)

    or 6. Type F to choose a different break point Enter second point (or F for first point):(F)

    - 112 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    7. 8. Pick Pick The firstbreak pointon the object Enter first point: (point) A second break point

    TIP:

    You can also type coordinates instead of picking a break point. Enter second point (or F for first point): @3<0 If you break a circle, it changes to an arc by deleting the portion from the first point to the second, going counterclockwise. Breaking a Polyline with nonzero width will cause the ends to be cut square.

    - 113 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Stretch 13.2


    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Modify, Stretch. or the Stretch icon. STRETCHat the command prompt. Command : STRETCH Select objects to stretchby window... 4. 5. 6. Type Pick Pick C to choose CROSSING window Select objects: C A first corner to stretch. First corner: (point) The opposite corner to window the objects to stretch. Other corner: (point)

    7. 8.

    Press Pick

    ENTER to accept objects to stretch. A base point to stretch from Base point: (point)

    - 114 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    9. 10. TIP: The Stretch command must use a CROSSING window or aCROSSING POLYGON window. Pick Type A point to stretch to Newpoint: (point) or A distance to stretch. New point: @1<0

    - 115 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Fillet 13.3


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Choose Click Type Pick Pick Modify, Fillet. or the Fillet icon. or FILLET at the command prompt. Command: FILLET First object to fillet. Polyline/Radius/Trim<Select two objects>: select first object. Second object to fillet. Select second object: select second object. or 6. Type One of the following options:

    P R T

    Fillets anentire Polyline. Sets the filletradius. Sets the trimmode (trim cuts the fillet corner and no trim keeps the fille t corner).

    TIP:
    You can also fillet PARALLEL lines as well as PLINES with LINES Type a radius of zero (0) to create a clean90 degree corner.

    - 116 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Chamfer 13.4


    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Modify, Chamfer. or the Chamfer icon. or CHAMFER at the command prompt. Command: CHAMFER 4. Pick First object to chamfer. Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/Method<Select first line>: select first object Second object to chamfer. Select second object: select second object. or 6. Type One of the following options:

    5.

    Pick

    P D A T M

    Chamfers entirePolyline. Sets chamfer distances. Uses a distance and angle method instead of two distances. Sets the trimmode Sets the method to distance or angle.

    Chamfer with equal distances

    Chamfer with different distances

    - 117 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Array 13.5


    Rectangular Array
    To draw rectangular array: 1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Click Type Pick Modify, Array. or the Arrayicon. or ARRAY at the command prompt. Command : ARRAY Objects to array. Select objects : (select) 5. 6. 7. Type Type Type The number of rows top to bottom. Number of rows(---) <1>: (number) The number of columns left to right. Number of columns (|||)<1>: (number) The unit cell distance between items in each row. Distance between rows: (+ number=up, -number =down) The unit cell distance betweenitems in each column. Distance betweencolumns:(+number=right, - number =left)

    8.

    Type

    - 118 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Unit Cell Distance Between Rows

    Polar Array
    To draw a polar array: 1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Click Type Pick

    Unit Cell Distance Between Columns

    Modify, ARRAY. or the Arrayicon. or ARRAY at the command prompt. Command: ARRAY Objects to array. Select objects:(select)

    5. 6. 7.

    Type Pick Type

    P to draw a polar array. Rectangular or Polar array (R/P): P A center point for the array. Center point of array: pick point The TOTAL number of items in the array. Number of items: number The number of degrees to rotate the objects. Degrees to fill (+=CCW, -+CW)<360>: number

    8.

    Type

    - 119 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    9.

    Type

    Yes or No to rotate objects. Rotate objects as theyare copied?<y> Y or N

    Center point of array

    - 120 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Lengthen 13.6


    1. Choose Modify, LENGTHEN. o r 2. Type LENGTHEN at the command prompt. Command: _lengthen Select an object or [DElta/Percent/Total/ Enter delta lengthor [Angle] <0.0000>:2 Select an object to change or [Undo]: pick object

    Object before lengthen

    Object after lengthen

    - 121 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 14 Advanced Display Commands

    - 122 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Transparent Commands 14.1


    Transparent commands are those started while another is in progress. Precede transparent commands with an apostrophe. 1. Type LINE at the command prompt. Command: LINE Specify first point: (pick point) Specify next point or [Undo]: 'zoom >>Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/ Window] <real time>: (pick corner) >>>>Specify opposite corner: (pick other corner)

    Resuming L INE command. Specify next point or [Undo]: (pick point)

    TIP:
    Commands that do not select objects, create new objects, or end the drawing sessionusuallycan be used transparently.

    - 123 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Multiple Command 14.2


    Multiple repeats the specified command until canceled If you want to repeat a command that you have just used, press ENTER or SPACEBAR, or right-click your pointing device at the Command prompt.

    You also can repeat a command by entering multiple,a space, and the command name, as shown in the following example:

    1. Type

    MULTIPLE before each command Command:multiple circle

    - 124 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Calculator (CAL Command) 14.3


    Evaluates mathematicaland geometric expressions

    1.

    Type

    CAL at the command prompt. Command: cal (or cal) Initializing...>> Expression: 1+1 2

    Numeric operators () ^ *,/ +, Groups expressions Indicates exponentiation Multiplies, divides Adds, subtracts

    Vector operators () & Groups expressions Determines the vector product of vectors (as a vector) [a,b,c]&[x,y,z] = [ (b*z) - (c*y) , (c*x) - (a*z) , (a*y) - (b*x) ] * *, / +,Determines the scalar product of vectors (as a real number) [a,b,c]*[x,y,z] = ax + by + cz Multiplies, divides a vector by a real number a* [x,y,z] = [a*x,a*y,a*z] Adds, subtracts vectors (points) [a,b,c] + [x,y,z] = [a+x,b+y,c+z]

    - 125 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Converts units of measure 1. Type CAL at the command prompt. Command: cal (or cal) Initializing...>> Expression: cvunit(1,inch,cm) 2.54

    Determines Angles 1. Type CAL at the command prompt. Command: cal (or cal) Initializing...>> Expression: ang(end,end,end) 45

    - 126 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 15 Polylines

    - 127 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Pline Command 15.1


    A polyline is a connected sequence of line segments created as a single object. You can create straight line segments, arc segments, or a combination of the two. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Choose Pick Type Pick Type Draw, Polyline. or the Pline icon. PLINE at the command prompt Command : PLINE or PL A point on the drawing to start the polyline From point:(select) One of the following options Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<endpoint of line>: or 6. Pick A point to continue drawing Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width/<endpoint of line>: (pick point)

    Polyline as one segment

    - 128 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    PLINE options:
    Arc Toggles to arc mode and you receive the follow ing:Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/ Line/ Radius /Second Pt/Undo/Width/<endpt of arc>: Close Halfwidth Length Undo Width Closes a polyline as it does in the line command. Specifies the halfwidth of the next polyline seg ments. Can be tapered. Specifies the length to be added to the polyline in the current direction. Undoes the previous pline segment as with the line command. Specifies the width of the next polyline segments. Can be tapered. Polyline with width .125

    Polyline with arcs

    Tapered width polyline

    Tapered width arc polyline

    - 129 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Editing Polylines 15.2


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Choose Pick Type Pick Type Modify, Polyline. or the Pedit icon from the Modify II toolbar. PEDIT at the comma nd prompt Command: PEDIT Pick a polyline to edit Select Polyline:(pick) One of the following options:Close/Join/ Width/Edit vertex/FitCurve/Spline/Curve/ Decurve/Undo/eXit

    PEDIT options:
    Close Join Width Fit curve Spline Curve Decurve Edit Vertex Closes open polyline segments Connects polylines, lines, and arcs to existing polylines. Changes the width for all polyline segments. Creates curved arc segments around pline vertices at the direction you specify. Creates a curve through control points on a polyline. Straightens curved segments. Displays the following Edit Vertex Options:

    Polyline width change

    Splined Polyline

    - 130 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    PLINEGEN
    Sets how linetype patterns are generated around the vertices of a twodimensional polyline. Does not apply to polylines with tapered segments. 0 1 Polylines are generated to start and end with a dash at each vertex Generates the linetype in a continuous pattern around the vertices of the polyline.

    Edit Vertex Options


    1. Type One of the following vertexoptions: Next/Previous/Break/Insert/Move/Regen/Straighten/ Tangent/Width/eXit<N>: Moves the X to the next vertex Moves the X to the previous vertex Remembers the currently marked vertex and allows you to move to another vertex. You can then remove the segments between these vertices. Closed plines will open. Adds a new vertex after the currently marked vertex. Moves the location of the currently marked vertex. Regenerates the pline. Used with the width option. Remembers the currently marked vertex and allows you to move to another vertex. You can then replace the segments between these vertices with a straight one. Attaches a tangent direction to the current vertex for later use in curve fitting. Changes starting and ending widths for the segment following the marked vertex. Exits from editing vertices.

    Next Previous Break

    Insert Move Regen Straighten

    Tangent Width eXit

    - 131 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Editing Multiple Polylines 15.3


    1. Type the PEDIT at the command prompt. Command: PEDIT Select polyline or [Multiple]:M Pick multiple polylines to edit.

    - 132 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Explode Command 15.4


    1. 2. 3. Choose Pick Type Modify,Explode. or the Explode icon. EXPLODE at the command prompt. Command: EXPLODE or 4. Pick The object to explode. Select objects: (pick)

    Polyline before explode

    Polyline (line) after explode

    - 133 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Turning Lines into Polylines 15.5


    Use the PEDIT command to pick lines. AutoCAD will ask if you want to turn these lines into polylines. You can then use the JOIN option under PEDIT to join additional lines to the polyline.

    1.

    Command: pedit Select polyline or [Multiple]: pick line Object selected is not a polyline Do you want to turn it into one? <Y> Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: j

    TIP:
    Lines and Arcs must have a common endpoint to join them together.

    - 134 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 16 More Draw Commands

    - 135 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Polygon 16.1


    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Draw, Polygon. or the Polygonicon. or Polygon at the command prompt. Command: POLYGON 4. Type The number of sides for the polygon (3-1024) Number of sides <default>: number 5. Pick The center of the polygon. Edge/<Center of polygon>: pick or 6. 7. Type Type E to define the polygon by two edges. I or C to place the polygon inside or outside of an imaginarycircle. Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle (I/C): Polygon drawn with Edge

    Polygon Inscribed in an imaginary circle

    Polygon circumscribed around an imaginary circle

    - 136 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Rectangle 16.2


    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Draw, Rectangle. or the Rectangle icon. or Rectang at the command prompt Command: RECTANG Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width/ <First corner>: 4. 5. Pick Pick first corner. other corner or type coordinates (i.e. @4,2).

    - 137 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Spline 16.3


    The SPLINE command creates a particular type of spline known as a nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curve. A NURBS curve produces a smooth curve between control points

    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

    Choose Click Type Pick Pick Press Pick Pick

    Draw, Spline. or the Spline icon. or SPLINE at the command prompt Command: SPLINE A start point for the spline Object / <Enter first point>: (pick point) Points until youare done drawing splines Enter point:(pick points) Enter or close to complete the spline Starting tangent point for the spline Enter start tangent (pick point) Ending tangent point for the spline Enter end tangent: (pick point)

    - 138 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Spline options:
    Object Points Close Fit Tolerance Converts 2D or 3D spline-fit polylines to equivalent Splines Points that define the spline Closes a spline. Allows you to set a tolerance value that creates a smooth spline.

    TIP: Refer to AutoCAD online help topic for more information on spline options.

    - 139 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Editing Splines 16.4

    1.

    Choose

    Modify, Object, Spline.

    TIP: Drawings containing splines use less memory and disk space than those containing spline -fit polylines of similar shape.

    - 140 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Covert PLINE to Spline 16.5


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Draw Type Choose Type Click a PLINE. PEDIT to edit the polyline as a spline. Draw, Spline. Object at the command prompt. once on the polyline to turn it into a spline.

    TIP: Use the LIST command to determine if an object is a PLINE or SPLINE.

    - 141 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Donut 16.6


    Donuts are filled rings or solid-filled circles that actually are closed polylines with width. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Choose Type Type Type Pick Draw, Donut. or Donut at the command prompt. Command: DONUT A value for the inside diameter. Inside diameter <last>: .5 A value for the outside diameter. Outside diameter <last>: 1 A point for the center of the donut. Center of doughnut: (point)

    - 142 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Ellipse 16.7
    Creates an ellipse or an elliptical arc. 1. 2. Choose Choose Draw, Ellipse. or the Ellipse or Partial Ellipse icon. or 3. 4. Type Type ELLIPSE at the command prompt Command: ELLIPSE One of the following options: Arc/Center/Isocircle /<Axis endpoint 1>:

    Ellipse options:
    Axis endpoint 1 Defines the first axis by two specified endpoints. The angle of the first axis determines the angle of the ellipse. The first axis can define either the major or the minor axis of the ellipse. <Other axis distance> / Rotation: Specify a point or enter a distance Creates an elliptical arc. The angle of the first axis determines the angle of the elliptical arc. The first axis can define either the major or the minor axis of the elliptical arc. Creates the ellipse by a specified center point. Creates an isometric circle in the current isometric drawing plane. The major axis is now treated as the diameter of a circle that will be rotated a specified amount around the axis. You enter an angle between 0 and 89.4 degrees.

    Axis endpoint 2: Arc

    Center Isocircle Rotation

    - 143 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    ELLIPSE, Axis , Eccentricity (Axis Endpoint, Axis Endpoint, Other Axis Distance)

    ELLIPSE, Center, Axis, Axis

    ELLIPSE, Axis Endpoint, Axis Endpoint, Rotation=60

    - 144 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Multilines 16.8


    MLINE Command
    Creates multiple parallel lines. 1. 2. 3. Choose Type Pick Draw, Multiline. or MLINE at the command prompt. Command: MLINE A point to start the multiline. Justification/Scale/STyle/<From point>: pick point 4. 5. 6. 7. Pick Pick Press Type A second point to continue the multiline. <To point>: pick point The next point to continue drawing multilines. Undo/<To point>: pick point ENTER to end the mulitline Close/Undo/<To point>: press enter or C to close the multiline back to the first point. Close/Undo/<To point>: c

    - 145 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Multiline Justifications
    Top Justification

    Bottom Justification

    Zero Justification

    - 146 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Multiline Styles 16.9


    1. 2. Choose Type Format, Multiline Style... or MLSTYLE at the command prompt. Command: MLSTYLE 3. 4. 5. Rename Choose Choose The existing style called STANDARD to your newstyle. ElementProperties to change the appearance of the multilines. ADD to create the newmultiline.

    - 147 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Editing Multilines 16.10


    1. 2. 3. Choose Type Choose Modify, Multiline... or MLEDIT at the command prompt Command: MLEDIT From one of the mledit options:

    - 148 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Construction Line 16.11


    Creates an infinite line. 1. 2. 3. Choose Choose Type Draw, ConstructionLine or the XLINE icon. or XLINE at the command prompt. Command: XLINE Specifya point or [Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset]:

    XLINE Options
    HOR VE R ANG BISECT OFFSET Creates a horizontal xline passing throug haspecified point. Creates a vertical xline passing throug h aspecified point Creates an xline at a specified angle. Creates an xline thatpasses throughthe selected angle vertex and bisects the angle between the first and second line Creates an xline parallelto another object.

    - 149 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Ray Command 16.12


    Creates an infinite line in one direction.

    1.

    Choose

    Draw, RAY or

    2.

    Type

    RAYat the command prompt. Command: RAY Specify a point :(pick through point)

    - 150 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 17 Crosshatching

    - 151 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    BHATCH Command 17.1


    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Draw, Hatch... or the Hatchicon. or BHATCH at the command prompt Command: BHATCH

    - 152 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    BHATCHoptions:
    Pattern Type Sets the current pattern type by using AutoCAD's predefined patterns or user defined patterns. Pattern Properties Sets the current pattern, scale, angle, and spacing. Controls if hatch is double spaced or exploded. Constructs a boundary from existing objects that form an enclosed area. Selects specific objects for hatching. The Boundary Hatch dialog box disappears and AutoCAD prompts for object selection. Applies the properties of an existing associative hatch to the current Pattern Type and Pattern Properties options. Displays the hatching before applying it. AutoCAD removes the dialog box and hatches the selected areas. Controls associative hatching. Creates the crosshatching in the boundary.

    Pick Points Select Objects

    Inherit Properties

    Preview Hatch

    Associative Apply

    - 153 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Advanced Hatch Options 17.2

    1. 2.

    Choose Choose

    the Advanced... TAB from the BHATCH dialog. one of the following advanced options:

    Define Boundary Set


    Defines the set of objects AutoCAD analyzes when defining a boundary from a specified pick point.

    Hatchstyle
    Specifies the method used to hatch objects within the outermost hatch bound- ary. If there are no internal objects selected, specifying a hatching style has no effect.

    Boundary Options
    Specifies whether or not the temporary boundary objects will be added to the drawing.

    - 154 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Gradient Hatch 17.3

    1. 2.

    Choose Choose

    the Gradient... TAB from the BHATCH dialog. one of the following advanced options:

    - 155 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    HATCHEDIT 17.4
    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Modify, Hatch... or the Hatch Edit icon from the Modify II toolbar. or HATCHEDIT at the command prompt. Command : HATCHEDIT 4. 5. Choose Pick One of the BHATCH options to modify. TheOK button.

    - 156 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Inherit Hatch 17.5


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Choose Click Type Choose Pick Draw, Hatch... or the Hatchicon. or BHATCH at the command prompt Command: BHATCH InheritProperties. the crosshatchof anexisting associative hatchto make the current Pattern Type and Pattern Properties options. Preview Hatch Displays the hatching before applying it.

    - 157 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 18 Regions and Boundaries

    - 158 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Boundary Command 18.1


    Defines the object type,boundaryset, and island detectionmethod for defining boundaries from points youspecify. 1. 2. Choose Type Draw, Boundary or BOUNDARYat the command prompt. Command: BOUNDARY

    Boundary created

    Pick internal point

    - 159 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Region Command 18.2


    Regions are two-dimensional areas you create from closed shapes or loops. Closed polylines, lines, and curves are valid selections. Curves include circular arcs, circles, elliptical arcs, ellipses, and splines.

    1. 2.

    Choose Type

    Draw, Region REGION at the command prompt. Command: REGION Select objects: (pick boundary) Select objects:1 found 1 loop extracted. 1 Regioncreated.

    Object created as a region

    - 160 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Mass Properties 18.3


    Calculates the mass properties of regions or solids.
    1. 2. Choose Type Tools,Inquiry, Region/Mass Properties MASSPROP at the command prompt. Command: MASSPROP Select objects: (pick region)

    ---------------- REGIONS ----------------

    Area: Perimeter: Bounding box: Centroid: Moments of inertia: Product of inertia: Radii of gyration:

    11.1328 16.3734 X: 3.1508 -- 7.1352 Y: 2.8950 -- 6.8942 X: 5.1508 Y: 4.8946 X: 276.6983 Y: 305.3510 XY: 280.6701 X: 4.9854 Y: 5.2372

    Principal moments and X-Y directions about centroid: I: 9.9891 along [1.0000 0.0000] J: 9.9891 along [0.0000 1.0000] Write analysis to a file? [Yes/No] <N>:

    - 161 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 19 Blocks and Attributes

    - 162 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Creating Local Blocks (BMAKE) 19.1


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Choose Click Type Type Pick Select Click Draw, Block, Make. or the Make Block icon. or BMAKE at the command prompt. Command: BMAKE or BLOCK the name of the block. an insertion point. objects to be included in the block definition. OK.

    Insertion point

    Note You cannot use DIRECT, LIGHT, AVE_RENDER, RM_SDB, SH_SPOT, and OVERHEAD as valid block names. - 163 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Inserting Blocks 19.2


    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Insert, InsertBlock or the Insert icon from the INSERT toolbar. INSERT at the command prompt. Command: INSERT 4. 5. Choose the name to insert a localblock and Browse...to insert a Wblock. Choose the insertion point, scale, and rotation of the block.

    Block Inserted with a zero degree rotation angle

    Block Inserted with a ninety degree rotation angle

    - 164 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Typing Insert (-INSERT)


    1. Type - INSERT at the command prompt. Command: -INSERT

    2.

    Type

    Block name to insert. Insert block name or (?) type name

    3.

    Pick

    An insertion point. Insertion point: pick point

    4.

    Press

    ENTER to keep the same x scale factor as the originalblock. X scale factor <1>Corner / XYZ: ENTER to keep the same x scale factor as the originalblock. Yscale factor (default=X):

    5.

    Press

    6.

    Press

    ENTER to keep a rotation angle of zero. Rotationangle <0>: or

    7.

    Pick

    A rotationangle.

    - 165 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Control the Color and Linetype of Blocks 19.3


    The objects in an inserted block can retain their original properties, can inherit properties from the layer on which they are inserted, or can inherit the properties set as current in the drawing. You have three choices for how the color, linetype, and lineweight properties of objects are treated when a block reference is inserted. Objects in the block do not inherit color, linetype, and lineweight properties from the current settings. The properties of objects in the block do not change regardless of the current settings. For this choice, it is recommended that you set the color, linetype, and lineweight properties individually for each object in the block definition: do not use BYBLOCK or BYLAYER color, linetype, and lineweight settings when creating these objects. Objects in the block inherit color, linetype, and lineweight properties from the color, linetype, and lineweight assigned to the current layer only. For this choice, before you create objects to be included in the block definition, set the current layer to 0, and set the current color, linetype, and lineweight to BYLAYER. Objects inherit color, linetype, and lineweight properties from the current color, linetype, and lineweight that you have set explicitly, that is, that you have set to override the color, linetype, or lineweight assigned to the current layer. If you have not explicitly set them, then these properties are inherited from the color, linetype, and lineweight assigned to the current layer. For this choice, before you create objects to be included in the block definition, set the current color or linetype to BYBLOCK.

    - 166 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Wblock Command 19.4


    Writes objects to a new drawing file. 1. Type WBLOCK at the command prompt Command: WBLOCK 2. 3. Type Type A drawing name (and location). A block name if a local block already exists. Block name: name or 4. 5. Press Pick ENTER to create a block. An insertionpoint on the object Insertion base point: pick a point 6. Pick Objects to create the block. Select objects: pick objects 7. Press ENTER to end the selectionset.

    - 167 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Purge 19.5

    1.

    Choose

    File, Drawing Utilities, Purge. or PURGE at the command prompt Command: PURGE One of the following purge options: Purge unused Blocks/Dimstyles/LAyers/ LTypes/ SHapes/STyles/Mlinestyles/All:

    2. 3.

    Type Choose

    - 168 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Defining Attributes 19.6


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Choose Type Choose Choose Choose Pick Create Draw, Block, Define Attributes... or ATTDEF at the command prompt. Command: ATTDEF TAG to specifyeach attribute occurrence in the drawing. Prompt to fill in the prompt that the user sees when placing the attribute. Value to fill in a default value. An insertionpoint for each attribute A block whichincludes the newattributes.

    Toggle the following mode settings to on or off . Invisible Constant Verify Preset Does notdisplay, butallows extraction. All occurrences of this Attribute have the same value. Issues extra prompts to verifya proper value. Does not prompt for this Attribute during Block insertion.

    - 169 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Editing Attributes 19.7


    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Modify, Object, Attribute,Single... or the Edit Attribute iconfromthe Modify II Toolbar. or ATTEDIT at the command prompt Command: ATTEDIT 4. Pick The block to edit Select block: pick

    - 170 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Block Attribute Manager 19.8


    1. 2. Open Type a drawing withattributes. BATTMAN at the command prompt. Command:BATTMAN or 3. Choose Modify, Object, Attribute, Block Attribute Manager or the Block Attribute Manager icon from the Modify II Toolbar

    4.

    Click

    - 171 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Synchronize Attributes 19.9


    Updates all instances of a specified block with the current attributes defined for the block 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Open Type Click Press Press a drawing with attributes. ATTSYNC at the command prompt. Command:ATTSYNC the Block Attribute Manager icon from the Modify IItoolbar. Enter anoption [?/Name/Select] <Select>: enter and select a block with attributes. ATTSYNC block computer? [Yes/No]<Yes>: enter to synchronies. ATTSYNC complete.

    - 172 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Enhanced Attribute Extract 19.10


    The Editor enables you to edit the attributes in an individual block as opposed to the Block Manager which is used to Block Definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. Open Choose Click Choose a drawing with block attributes. Tools, Attribute Extraction... or the Attribute Extract icon from the Modify II toolbar. the Current Drawing radio button and Next.

    5. 6. 7.

    Click Click Choose

    Next to choose Xrefs and nested blocks from the Settings window. Next to not choose an existing template. the Blocks and Attributes to extract and Next.

    - 173 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    8. Choose the View output.

    9. 10. 11.

    Click Save Open

    Next. the file phone.xls the template in Excel.

    - 174 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 20 Design Center and Tool Palettes

    - 175 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Design Center Overview 20.1


    The AutoCAD DesignCenter finds and tranfers blocks, text styles, layers, dimensionstyles, etc from drawings, WEB

    1. 2. 3.

    Choose Press Type

    Tools, AutoCAD DesignCenter. or CTL+2 on the keyboard. or ADCENTER at the command prompt. Command: adcenter

    - 176 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Design Center Blocks 20.2


    1. Choose 2. Drag Blocks menus. from one of the Design Center

    and drop a block from the Design Center into a drawing.

    TIP: Blocks with attributes will be prompted as they are inserted into the drawing

    - 177 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Hatching from the Design Center 20.3


    1. Choose a crosshatchpattern fromthe following AutoCAD directory \AutoCADxxxx\Support\acad.pat or \AutoCADxxxx\Backup and drop a patterninto a drawing.

    2.

    Drag

    TIP: Be sure the HPSCALE is set before dropping a hatch patterninto a drawing.

    - 178 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 20.4 Tool Palettes


    1. Choose Tool, ToolPalettes Window Palettes iconfrom the Standard Toolbar

    2. Choose

    - 179 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 21 Point, Divide, Measure

    - 180 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Point Styles 21.1


    Changes the appearance of points and point sizes. 1. 2. Choose Type Format, Point Style... or DDPTYPE at the command prompt. Command : DDPTYPE

    - 181 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Point Command 21.2


    1. Choose Draw,Point,Single or Multiple Point. or 2. Click the Point icon.
    or

    3.

    Type

    POINT at the command prompt. Command : POINT

    4.

    Pick

    A point on the drawing. Point (point)

    - 182 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Divide 21.3
    1. Choose Draw,Point, Divide. or 2. Type DIVIDE at the command prompt Command: DIVIDE 3. Pick Object to divide Select object to divide: (pick one object) You can select a single Line, Arc, Circle, or polyline. If you enter a segment count between 2 and 32,767, Point entities will be placed along the object to divide it into that number of equal segments. 4. Type The number of equal segments to divide the object into<Number of segments>/Block: (number) Objects divided using points

    - 183 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    or 5. 6. Type Type B to specify a block instead of a point to insert. The name of the block to insert Block name to insert: (name) 7. Type Yes or No to align the block with an object Align block with object? Y or N Number of segments: 8. Type The number of equal segments to divide the object into<Number of segments>/Block: (number)

    TIP: The Block must currently be defined within the drawing. If you answer yes to the Align block? prompt, the Block will be rotated round its insertion point so that it is drawn tan- gent to the object being divided.

    Objects divided using block symbols

    - 184 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Measure 21.4


    1. 2. Choose Type Draw,Point,Measure. or MEASURE at the command prompt. Command: MEASURE 3. 4. Pick Type Object to measure: Select object to measure: (pick one object) The length of eachsegment along the object. <Lengthof segment>/Block:(number) or 5. Type B to specifya block instead of a point to insert. Points placed along measured distance (remaining length is on the right side of the line)

    - 185 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 22 Grips

    - 186 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Grips Overview 22.1


    Entity Grips
    Entity grips allow AutoCAD drawings to be edited in an entirely new way. Without entering any edit commands, you can stretch, move, copy, rotate, scale, and mirror entities. You can also snap to geometric features such as endpoints, midpoints, centers, quadrants withoutentering object snaps. Grips are the small squares that appear whenobjects are selected with the crosshairs directly from the command prompt.

    Unselected Grip
    An unselected grip is one that has not yet been picked with the cursor, but is an item in the current selection set (it is highlighted).Pick anobject to see grips.

    - 187 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Selected Grip
    A selected grip is the grip box that you select with the cursor to define the base point to edit from. It has a solid filled color and is the grip location that editing is done from. The red grip at the line endpoint is the selected grip

    Cancelling Grips
    1. Press ESC to clear GRIPS.

    TIP: If grips are visible on an object, pressing the DEL key or ERASE will delete the selected object.

    - 188 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial How To Use Grips 22.2


    1. 2. 3. Pick Pick Press The objects youwant to edit. One of the grips to use as the base grip. the SPACE BAR, or RIGHT MOUSE BUTTONto cycle through the grip modes. or The keyword for the mode you want: Stretch(ST) Stretch the objects. Move (MO) Move the objects. Rotate (RO) Rotate the objects. Scale (SC) Scale the objects. Mirror (MI) Mirror the objects.

    4.

    Type

    5. 6. 7.

    Drag Type Type

    The mouse to perform the operation. C to create a new copy of the selection set enter C. X to exit Grip mode.

    - 189 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Copy Multiple with Grips 22.3


    If you use the COPYoption with any one of the edit commands, a temporary auxiliary snap grid is created. To invoke the grid, hold the SHIFT keyafter specifying the location of the first copy. AutoCAD then uses the X and Yoffsets from the originalentity to define the snap,grid,and rotation of the remaining entities.

    Holding the SHIFT Key while in Copy Mode will create a copied array of objects

    - 190 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Grips Settings (DDGRIPS Command) 22.4

    1. 2.

    Choose Type

    Tools,Options... or DDGRIPS at the command prompt. Command: DDGRIPS

    3. 4.

    Choose Choose

    the Selectiontab from the dialog box. the Grip setting to change.

    Enable Grips
    Enables the display of grips. AutoCAD stores this setting in the GRIPS system variable.

    - 191 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Enable Grips Within Blocks


    Enables the display of grips on objects within blocks. If you disable this setting (but have Enable Grips selected), blocks are assigned one grip at their insertion point. Disable this setting to work on blocks with many objects. AutoCAD stores this setting in the GRIPBLOCK system variable.

    Unselected
    Sets the color of unselected (unfilled) grips. Choosing this button displays the Select C olor dialog box, in which you set the grip color. AutoCAD stores the color in the GRIPCOLOR system variable.

    Selected
    Sets the color of selected (filled) grips. Choosing this button displays the Select Color dialog, in which you set the grip color. AutoCAD stores the color in the GRIPHOT system variable.

    Grip Size
    Changes the size of grips. To adjust the size of grips, move the slider box left or right. AutoCAD stores the pixel size (1-255) of the grips in the GRIPSIZE system variable. Changes the size of grips. To adjust the size of grips, move the slider box left or right. AutoCAD stores the pixel size (1-255) of the grips in the GRIPSIZE system variable.

    - 192 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 23 Advanced Selection Commands

    - 193 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Selection Modes 23.1


    1. 2. Choose Choose Tools, Options... the SelectionTAB from the following dialog.

    3.

    Change

    the settings as desired.

    Noun/Verb Selection
    Allows you to select an object before starting a command. The command affects the previously selected object or objects. You can also set this option by using the PICKFIRST system variable.

    Use Shift to Add to Selection


    Adds or removes an object to the selection set when you press SHIFTand select an object.

    Press and Drag


    Draws a selection window by selecting a point and dragging the pointing device to a second point.

    - 194 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Implied Windowing
    Initiates the drawing of a selection window when you select a point outside anobject.

    Object Grouping
    Selects all objects in a group when you select one object in that group. With GROUP you can create and name a set of objects for selection.

    Associative Hatch
    Determines which objects are selected when you select an associative hatch. If this option is selected, boundary objects are also selected when you select an associative hatch.

    - 195 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Groups 23.2


    1. Type GROUP at the command prompt. Command:GROUP a name for a new group. the Newbutton under Create Group. objects to be included in the group. ENTER whendone choosing objects. OK.

    2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

    Type Choose Pick Press Pick

    Lines in a group

    Turning Groups ON/OFF


    At any time, toggle group selection on and off by pressing either CTRL+H or SHIF T+CTRL +A.

    - 196 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Object Selection Cycling 23.3


    It is difficult to select objects that are close together or lie directly on top of one another. The following example shows two lines and a circle that all lie within the selection pickbox 1. 2. Press Pick the CTRL key before choosing objects at the Select Objects prompt. repeatedly in the area where multiple objects are located. AutoCAD will cycle throughall objects that were touching the pickbox. ENTER whenthe desired object highlights. ENTER again. First object selected highlights

    3. 4.

    Press Press

    Objects touching pickbox

    Second object selected

    - 197 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Double-Click Edit 23.4


    1. Double-Click an object to edit.

    - 198 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Draw Order 23.5


    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Tools, DisplayOrder. or the Draworder Icon from the Modify II Toolbar. or DRAWORDER at the command prompt. Command: DRAWORDER Select objects: pick an object.

    - 199 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Object Filters 23.6


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Type Select Choose Choose Type FILTER at the Command prompt. Line in the Object Selection Filters dialog box under Select Filter. Add to List. Apply. ALL at the Select Objects prompt or select a window. Command: FILTER Applying filter to selection. Select objects: all 6 found 3 were filtered out.

    - 200 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Quick Select 23.7


    1. 2. 3. Type Enter Choose QSELECT at the command prompt. Command: QSELECT the selection criteria (i.e. TEXT HEIGHT < .5) OK.

    TIP: AutoCAD puts those object(s) into a selection set. Use the P previous option to select these objects.

    - 201 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Layer Filters 23.8


    1. 2. Choose Choose the layer dialog box. the three dots (...) to invoke the filterdialog for layers.

    3.

    Choose

    the type of filter youwould like to use (e.g. layer name = 1st*)

    - 202 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Point Filters 23.9


    AutoCAD point filters allow the user to specify one coordinate, such as the X, with one pick and a second coordinate, such as the Y, with another pick. The point filters are .X, .Y, .XY,.XZ and .YZ. Only .X and .Y are used for two dimensional drawings.

    1. 2. 3. 4.

    Type Type Pick Pick

    A command that asks for a point. Command:CIRCLE .X when AutoCAD asks for a point. 3P/2P/TTR/<center point>: .X The point to filter (HINT: use osnaps) of MID of point on x axis The next point to filter (needYZ) MID of point on y axis

    5.

    Pick

    A diameter or radius Diameter/<radius>: Pick or type a diameter X point filter

    Y point filter Circle center is placed at the intersection of the filters

    - 203 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 24 External References

    - 204 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial External Reference Files Overview


    Attaches, overlays, lists, binds, detaches, reloads, unloads, renames, and modifies paths to external references (xrefs) in the current (or host) drawing. 1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type Insert, ExternalReference... or the Xref Iconfrom the Reference Toolbar. or XREF at the command Prompt. Command: XREF

    The following are Xref characteristics:


    -An external reference file is known as an Xref. -Current drawing contains only a pointer, the path and filename, to the Xref. -The current drawing does not increase much in size when it contains an Xref. -The Xref is reloaded each time the current drawing is loaded, thus always showing the latest revision of the Xref. -Xrefs import their linetypes, layers, text styles, dimstyles, views, ucss, vports, and blocks into their current drawing. -Each Xref named object is p refixed with the xref drawing name and a pipe | symbol. (i.e. HOUSE|A-WALL for drawing house.dwg and layer a-wall) - Xdep stands for external reference dependent objects. - Xrefs layers can be turned on/off in the current drawing. - Layer zero(0) resides on layer zero(0) of the current drawing. - Xrefs can be bound to the current drawing, in which case they become blocks.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    -Xref layers cannot be made current the the drawing they are xreferenced into. - Xrefs can be snapped to. -Xref entities cannot be individually modified in the current drawing. -Xrefs can be plotted. -Xrefs can be detatched from the current drawing and will disappear. -The current drawing pointer, file and pathname can be changed. -Xrefs can be re-loaded during the current drawing session. -Xrefs can be nested. -Xrefs can be clipped to show parts of the reference files.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Attaching Xrefs 24.1


    Attaches, overlays, lists, binds, detaches, reloads, unloads, renames, and modifies paths to external references (xrefs) in the current (or host) drawing.

    1. 2. 3. 4.

    Choose Type Click Choose

    Insert, ExternalReference or XATTACH at the command prompt. or the Xref Attach Iconfrom the Reference Toolbar. a drawing name to attach.

    5.

    Specify

    the insertionparameters.

    - 207 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Xref Layers 24.2


    Layer Dialog Box
    -Each Xref named object is prefixed with the xref drawing name and a pipe | symbol. (i.e. HOUSE|A-WALL for drawing house.dwg and layer a-wall) -Xdep stands for external reference dependent objects. -Xrefs layers can be turned on/off in the current drawing. -Layer zero(0) resides on layer zero(0) of the current drawing. -Xref layers cannot be made current the the drawing they are xreferenced into.

    - 208 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Xclip 24.3


    Defines an xref or block clipping boundary and sets the front or back clipping planes.

    1. 2. 3.

    Choose Click Type

    Modify, Clip,XRef or the Xclip Iconfrom the Reference Toolbar. or XCLIP at the command prompt. Command: XCLIP Select objects: Other corner: 1 found Select objects: pick reference file ON/OFF/Clipdepth/Delete/generate Polyline/ <New boundary>: Specifyclipping boundary: Select polyline/Polygonal/<Rectangular>: First corner: Other corner: pick corners Defining a Clipping Boundary

    - 209 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Xclipframe 24.4


    Controls visibility of xref clipping boundaries.

    1. 2.

    Choose Type

    Modify, Object, ExternalReference. or XCLIPFRAME at the command prompt. Command: XCLIPFRAME

    0 1

    Clipping boundary is not visible Clipping boundary is visible

    Turning xclip frame on/off

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Binding an Xref 24.5


    Converts Xreference files to block definitions in the current drawing. Associ- ated objects change names (i.e. the layer called HOUSE|AWALL becomes HOUSE$0$A-WALL). Binding looses the connection to the referenced file. Xrefs can also be inserted like Wblocks.

    To Bind an Xref:
    1. 2. 3. Choose Choose Choose Insert,Xref Manager an xref name. the Bind option.

    4. 5.

    Choose Choose

    Bind or Insert. OK.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Xbind 24.6


    The XBIND command is used to bind layers, blocks, linetypes, styles, and dimstyles of an attached xref without binding the entire xref. 1. Choose Modify, Object, External Reference,Bind... or 2. Click the Xbind Icon fromthe Reference Toolbar.

    3.

    Type

    XBIND at the command prompt. Command: XBIND Block / Dimstyle / LAyer / LType / Style:

    - 212 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Editing Xrefs (Xref Manager) 24.7


    Detaching Xrefs
    Detaches one or more xrefs from your drawing, erasing all instances of a specified xref and marking the xref definition for deletion from the symbol table. 1. 2. Choose Choose a drawing name to detach from the Xref Dialog. the Detachoption.

    Unload an Xref
    Unloads one or more xrefs. Unloaded xrefs can be easily reloaded. Unlike detach,unloading does not remove the xref permanently. It merely sup- presses the display and regeneration of the xref definition, to help current session editing and improvement of performance.

    1. 2.

    Choose Choose

    a drawing name to unload from the Xref Dialog. the Unload option.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Reload an Xref
    Marks one or more xrefs for reloading. This option re-reads and displays the most recently saved version of the drawing. 1. 2. Choose Choose a drawing name to reload from the Xref dialog. the Reload option.

    Opening Xrefs to Edit


    1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Choose Edit Save Modify, Xref and Block Editing,Open Reference. or Modify, Xref and Block Editing, Edit Xreference in Place. the objects as desired. the edits with the following icons.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Overlay an Xref 24.8


    Overlays are typically used when you need to view another drawings geometry temporarily, but dont plan to plot using that data. In the following illustration, several people are working on drawings referenced by master.dwg. The person working on a.dwg needs to see the work being completed by the person working on b.dwg, but does not want to xref b.dwg because it would then appear twice in master.dwg. Instead, the person overlays b.dwg, which is not included when a.dwg is referenced by master.dwg.

    1. 2. 3. 4.

    Choose Click Choose Choose

    the Attachoptionfrom the XrefDialog. or the Xref Attach Iconfrom the Reference Toolbar. a drawing name to attach. Overlayin the AttachXref dialog box under Reference Type. - 215 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    5. Specify the insertionparameters.

    - 216 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 25 Raster Images

    - 217 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Inserting Images 25.1


    1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Choose Specify Type Insert, Raster Image... a raster image file to insert. a locationto insert the image. or IMAGEATTACHat the command prompt. Command: IMAGEATTACH or 5. Click the Image iconfrom the Reference Toolbar.

    - 218 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Image Appearance 25.2


    Adjusting Image Appearance
    1. 2. 3. Choose Choose Choose Modify, Object, Image,Adjust... a raster image file edit. options from the dialog box to adjust.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Image Transparency
    1. 2. 3. Choose Choose Type Modify, Object, Image,Transparency. a raster image file edit. ONor OFF to turnan images transparency on or off.

    Erasing Images
    1. 2. Click Choose once on the image to remove. Edit, Cut.

    Imagequality
    1. Type IMAGEQUALITY at the command prompt. Command: imagequality Enter image quality setting [High/Draft] <High>:

    - 220 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Clipping Images 25.3


    1. Choose Modify, Clip, Image.

    - 221 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 26 Dimensioning

    - 222 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Linear Dimensions 26.1


    1. 2. Choose Click Dimension, Linear. or the Linear Dimension command from the toolbar.

    or 3. Type DIM at the command prompt. Command: DIM Dim: HOR or VER

    - 223 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Aligned Dimensions 26.2


    1. 2. Choose Click Dimension, Aligned. or the Aligned Dimension command from the toolbar.

    or 3. Type DIM at the command prompt. Command: DIM Dim: ALIGNED

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Radial Dimensions 26.3


    1 . Choose 2 . Click Dimension, Radius or Diameter. or the Radial Dimensions command from the toolbar.

    or 3 . Type DIM at the command prompt. Command: DIM Dim: RADIUS or DIAMETER

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Angular Dimensions 26.4


    1 . Choose 2 . Click Dimension, Angular. or the Angular Dimensions command from the toolbar.

    or 3 . Type DIM at the command prompt. Command: DIM Dim: ANGULAR

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Continued and Baseline Dimensions 26.5


    1 . Choose 2 . Click Dimension, Continue or Baseline. or the Continue or Baseline Dimensions command from the toolbar.

    or 3 . Type DIM at the command prompt. Command: DIM Dim: CONTINUE or BASELINE

    - 226 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Leaders 26.6
    1. 2. Choose Click Dimension, Leader... or the Leader icon from the Dimension toolbar.

    or 3. Type QLEADER at the command prompt. Command: QLEADER

    - 227 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Leader Settings
    1. 2. 3. Type Type Choose QLEADER at the command prompt. Command: QLEADER S at the QLEADER prompt to change the leader settings. a setting from the following dialog box.

    - 228 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Quick Dimensions 26.7


    Quickly creates dimension arrangements from the geometry you select. 1. 2. Choose Click Dimension, QDIM. or the Quick Dimension icon from the Dimensions toolbar.

    or 3. Type QDIM at the command prompt. Command: QDIM 4. Pick the objects to dimension.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Modifying Dimensions 26.8


    DDEDIT
    1. 2. Choose Choose Modify, Object, Text. the dimension text to modify.

    TIP: The actual dimension is placed in brackets <>. Text can be placed in
    front of or behind these brackets. If text is placed between the brackets, the dimension loses its associative properties.

    Stretching Dimensions
    1. 2. Choose Choose Modify, Stretch. a crossing window around the area to stretch. Be sure to include the dimension endpoints.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    DIMTEDIT
    Moves and rotates dimension text 1. 2. Choose Type Dimension, Align Text. o r DIMTEDIT at the command prompt. Command: DIMTEDIT Select dimension: select object Enter text location (Left / Right / Angle):

    Dimension Edit Commands


    HOMetext NEWtext Rotate OBlique OVerride UPdate Moves the Dimension text back to its home (default) position. Modifies the text of the Dimensions. Rotates dimension text. Sets the obliquing angle of Dimension extension lines. Overrides a subset of the Dimension variable settings. Redraws the Dimensions as directed by the current settings of all dimensioning variables.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Ordinate Dimensions 26.9


    1. 2. Choose Type Dimension, Ordinate or DIMORDINATE at the command prompt. Command: Dimordinate

    - 232 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 27 Dimension Styles

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Creating Dimension Styles 27.1

    1. 2. 3.

    Choose Choose Choose

    Format, Dimension Style... or Dimension, Style. or Dimension Style icon from the Dimension Style toolbar.

    4. 5. 6.

    Type Choose Create

    DDIM at the command prompt Command:DDIM New... from the dialog box. a new style from the existing styles.

    7.

    Click

    the Continue button.

    TIP: All dimension variables except for DIMSHO and DIMASO can be saved as a style.

    - 234 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Lines and Arrows 27.2


    Edits Dimension Lines, Extension Lines, and Arrows. 1. Pick the Lines and Arrows tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles dialog box.

    - 235 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Text 27.3


    Edits Text Appearance, Text Placement and Text Alignment. 1. Pick the Text tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles dialog box.

    - 236 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Primary Units 27.4


    Edits Unit options for dimensions primary units. 1. Pick the PRIMARY UNIT tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles dialog box.

    - 237 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Alternate Units 27.5


    Edits Unit options for dimensions alternate units. 1. Pick the ALTERNATE UNIT tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles dialog box.

    - 238 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Tolerances 27.6


    Edits Unit options for tolerances. 1. Pick the TOLERANCES tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles dialog box.

    - 239 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Fit 27.7


    Edits Unit options for fitting dimensions and dimension scales. 1. Pick the FIT tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles dialog box.

    - 240 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Dimscale 27.8


    Edits Unit options for fitting dimensions and dimension scales. 1. Pick the FIT tab from the Dimension Variables and Styles dialog box.

    - 241 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Dimension Overrride 27.9


    1. 2. Choose Type Dimension, Override. a dimension setting to change (i.e. DIMSE1 which suppresses the first extension line). Command: _dimoverride Enter dimension variable name to override or [Clear overrides]: dimse1 3. 4. 5. Set Press Pick the new value. Enter new value for dimension variable <Off>: on enter. the dimension to override.

    - 242 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Dimension Variables 27.10


    1. Type SETVAR at the command prompt. Command: SETVAR Enter variable name or [?]: ? Enter variable(s) to list <*>: dim* DIMADEC DIMALT DIMALTD DIMALTF DIMALTRND DIMALTTD DIMALTTZ DIMALTU DIMALTZ DIMAPOST DIMASO DIMASSOC DIMASZ DIMATFIT DIMAUNIT DIMAZIN DIMBLK DIMBLK1 DIMBLK2 DIMCEN DIMCLRD DIMCLRE DIMCLRT DIMDEC DIMDLE DIMDLI 3 0 0 "ArchTick" "" "" 0.0900 0 0 5 1 0.1250 0.5000 - 243 2 0 2 0 "" ON 1 0.1800 0 OFF 2 25.4000 0.0000

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    DIMDSEP DIMEXE DIMEXO DIMFIT DIMFRAC DIMGAP DIMJUST DIMLDRBLK DIMLFAC DIMLIM DIMLUNIT DIMLWD DIMLWE DIMPOST DIMRND DIMSAH DIMSCALE DIMSD1 DIMSD2 DIMSE1 DIMSE2 DIMSHO DIMSOXD DIMSTYLE DIMTAD DIMTDEC DIMTFAC DIMTIH DIMTIX DIMTM 1 1 1.0000 ON OFF 0.0000 3 0 0.0900 0 "Open90" 1.0000 OFF 4 -2 -2 "" 0.0000 OFF 1.0000 OFF OFF OFF OFF ON OFF "ARCH" (read only) "." 0.1800 0.1250

    - 244 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    DIMTMOVE DIMTOFL DIMTOH DIMTOL DIMTOLJ DIMTP DIMTSZ DIMTVP DIMTXSTY DIMTXT DIMTZIN DIMUNIT DIMUPT DIMZIN 0 4 OFF 0 0 OFF ON OFF 1 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 "Standard" 0.1800

    - 245 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 28 Views and Viewports

    - 246 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Named Views 28.1


    Ddview Command
    1. 2. 3. Choose Click Type View, Named Views... or the Named View icon from the View toolbar. DDVIEW at the command prompt. Command: DDVIEW

    4. 5. 6.

    Choose Type Choose

    the NEW button. a view name. Current display or Define Window.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Typing the View Command
    1. 2. Type Type View at the command prompt. Command: -VIEW One of the following view options: ?/Delete/Restore/Save/Window:

    View options:
    ? Delete Restore Save Window Lists the named views for this drawing Deletes the named view Displays the specified view Attaches a name to the current view of the drawing Attaches a name to specified window

    Plotting Named Views

    - 248 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Viewports 28.2


    Vports Command
    1. 2. 3. Choose Choose Click View, Viewports, New Viewports... one of the viewports configurations OK.

    4. 5.

    Click Type

    once in each vport to make it active. a ZOOM option in each viewport.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Viewport options
    New Name Restore Delete Join SIngle Gives a name to a viewport Restores an original viewport DEL deletes a viewport Joins two viewports together Creates on viewport in the drawing

    TIPS: Viewports can be named and restored later. AutoCAD plots only the current vport.

    - 250 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 29 Model Space and Paper Space

    - 251 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Creating a Layout 29.1


    1. Choose the Layout1 TAB at the bottom of the screen.

    2.

    Right-click

    Layout 1 to change the name and other properties of a layout

    - 252 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Creating Multiple Layouts 29.2


    1. Choose the Layout2 TAB at the bottom of the screen.

    2. 3.

    Change Change

    the name of the layout. the remaining Layout options for page setup and plots.

    - 253 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Quick View Layouts 29.3


    1. Choose Quick View Layouts from the status bar.

    2.

    Choose

    a layout to view.

    - 254 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Mview Command 29.4


    The MVIEW command controls the size and position of the mview viewports (from now on called mviews). Mview is to tilemode = 0 as vports is to tilemode = 1. Use mview when you would like to see a view of the model. Pspace mode must be active to use mview. AutoCAD will automatically switch to pspace when you issue the mview command. The default mview option is "<<first point>>" To use this option, pick a point which represents one corner of the mview. At the "other corner" prompt, pick a point which represents the opposite corner of the mview. 1. 2. Choose Type View, Viewports, 1 Viewport. or Type MVIEW at the command prompt. Command: MVIEW or MV ON/OFF/Hideplot/Fit/2/3/4/Restore/<<First Point>>: P1 Other corner: P2

    TIP: Mviews should be created on their own layers in order to be turned


    ON/OFF. - 255 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Irregular Shaped Viewports 29.5


    1. 2. 3. Draw Choose Choose a shape in Paper Space (e.g. circle, polygon, ellipse) View, Viewports, Object the object to make a viewport.

    - 256 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Model Space 29.6


    MSPACE (model space) can only be activated if there is at least one mview. To enter model space mode use "MSPACE". 1. Type MSPACE at the command prompt. Command: MSPACE or MS or 2. Double-Click the word PAPER on the Status Bar to toggle to model space.

    Notice the ucsicon will appear in each of the mviews when you enter model space.

    - 257 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Paper Space 29.6


    PSPACE mode should be entered to create a border, a title, mviews, and annotations only. This environment is used to lay out a 2 dimen- sional working drawing suitable for plotting. When you plot from pspace, you should plot 1=1.

    1.

    Type

    PSPACE at the command prompt. Command: PSPACE or PS or the word MODEL on the Status Bar to toggle to paper space.

    2.

    Double-Click

    Notice the "Paper" in the status line and the pspace icon.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Scales - Zooming in Model Space 29.7


    Use ZOOM "XP" to zoom the model a certain factor of the paper. If you enter a value followed by xp, AutoCAD specifies the scale rela- tive to paper space units. For example, entering .5xp displays model space at half the scale of paper space units. If you w ant to plot the m odel at 1/4=1, type ZOOM 1/48XP . If you want to plot a part at 3 times, type ZOOM 3XP. Views can also be shown in 3D by using the VPOINT command. 1. 2. Type Type MS at the command prompt to enter Model Space for each individual viewport. ZOOM at the command prompt. Command: ZOOM All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/ Scale(X/XP)/ Window/<Realtime>: 3XP

    You can also change the scale from the Viewports Toolbar.

    SCALE

    2=1

    SCALE

    ZOOM 1/4XP

    1=1

    - 259 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Adding Text in Paper Space 29.8


    Title block text and miscellaneous text can be added in Paper Space.

    - 260 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Plotting in Paper Space 29.9


    Plotting all MVIEWS should be done from Paper Space not from Model Space. When you plot from pspace, you should plot1=1. For hidden line removals, remember to use the HIDEPLOT option in the MVIEW command. Once a ZOOM SCALE has been defined, do not zoom again before plotting. You can change the display with the PAN command.

    - 261 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Layout Wizard 29.10


    1 . Choose Insert, Layout, Layout Wizard 2 Change the various options in the Layout Wizard.

    - 262 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    - 263 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    - 264 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Tilemode 29.11


    Tilemode is an AutoCAD syste m variable which can be set to 0 or 1. When tilemode is set to "1". viewports act as they traditionally did, like floortiles. Each viewport butts up against the next. The viewports fill the screen. They can only be plotted one as a time. These traditional viewports are known as "tiled areas of the screen". This is the default setting.

    1.

    Type

    TILEMODE at the command prompt. Command: TILEMODE New value for tilemode <1> : Press ENTER

    When tilemode is set to "0". The new metaview (mview) viewports can be used. Mviews can be any size or place on the screen. They may overlap. More than one mview can be plotted at a time. Each mview can be quickly turned on or off. 1. Type Command: TILEMODE New value for tilemode <1> : 0

    - 265 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Viewport Layers 29.12


    VPLAYER (viewport layer) controls layers on and off, and freeze and thaw, for each mview. Layer controls the on and off, freeze and thaw, globally. Layers must be on and thawed globally before they can be effected per mview with vplayer. 1. 2. 3. Click Choose in the viewport to change layer status. the layer dialog box.

    Highlight the layer to freeze or thaw in the current or new viewport.

    The layer dialog box also allows control of layers for each viewport.

    - 266 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 30 Options Menu

    - 267 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Files 30.1


    1. 2. Choose Click Tools, Options... the Files TAB.

    - 268 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Display 30.2
    1. 2. Choose Click Tools, Options... the Display TAB.

    - 269 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Open and Save 30.3


    1. 2. Choose Click Tools, Options... the Open and Save TAB.

    - 270 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Plotting 30.4


    1. 2. Choose Click Tools, Options... the Plotting and Save TAB.

    - 271 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial System 30.5


    1. 2. Choose Click Tools, Options... the System TAB.

    - 272 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    User Preferences 30.6


    1. 2. Choose Click Tools, Options... the User Preferences TAB.

    - 273 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Drafting 30.7


    1. 2. Choose Click Tools, Options... the Drafting TAB.

    - 274 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Selection 30.8


    1. 2. Choose Click Tools, Options... the Selection TAB.

    - 275 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 31 Drawing Utilities

    - 276 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial AUDIT 31.1


    1 . Choose 2 . Type 3 . Type File, Drawing Utilities, Audit. or Audit at the command prompt Command: AUDIT Yes or No to fix any errors Fix any errors detected? <N>: Y or N

    If a drawing contains errors that AUDIT can't fix, use the RECOVER command to retrieve the drawing and correct its errors.

    - 277 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial RECOVER 31.2


    1 . Choose 2 . Type File, Drawing Utilities, Recover.... or RECOVER at the command prompt Command : RECOVER

    The RECOVER command performs recoveries or audit operations on DWG files only. Performing a recover on a DXF file will only open the file.

    - 278 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial PURGE 31.3


    1 . Choose 2 . Type 3 . Type File, Drawing Utilities, Purge. or PURGE at the command prompt Command: PURGE One of the following purge options: Purge unused Blocks/Dimstyles/LAyers/LTypes/ SHapes/STyles/Mlinestyles/All:

    - 279 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Rename 31.4


    1 . Choose 2 . Type 3 . Choose 4 . Type 5 . Type Format, Rename... or RENAME at the command prompt Command: RENAME One of the following options to rename Block / Dimstyle / LAyer / LType / Style / Ucs / VIew / VPort: The old object name Old (object) name: Enter the old name T h e new object name New (object) name: Enter the new name

    - 280 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 32 Data Management

    - 281 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Importing Files 32.1


    1 . Choose 2 . Choose 3 . Type File, Open or Insert, 3D Studio, ACIS, DXB, WMF, or ESP or Import at the command prompt. Command: Import

    - 282 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Exporting Files 32.2


    1 . Choose 2 . Choose File, Saveas or File, Export

    - 283 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 33 Object Linking and Embedding

    - 284 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Copying from AutoCAD 33.1


    1 . Launch a Windows program to link to (e.g. Microsoft Word) 2 . Open 4 . Pick 5 . TAB an AutoCAD drawing. the AutoCAD objects to copy. to the Windows program. 3 . Choose Edit, Copy.

    6 . Choose Edit, Paste.

    - 285 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Print Screen 33.2


    1 . Launch a Windows program to link to (e.g. Microsoft Word) 2 . Open 3 . Press 4. 5. TAB an AutoCAD drawing. PRINT SCREEN on the keyboard. to the Windows program.

    Choose Edit, Paste.

    - 286 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial OLE Linking to AutoCAD 33.3


    A linked object remains associated with its source file. When you edit a linked object in AutoCAD, the source file changes. When you edit the object in the source file, the linked object in AutoCAD changes. 1 . Launch 2 . Create a Windows program to link from (e.g. Microsoft Excel) a spreadsheet to bring into AutoCAD.

    3 . Open 4 . Choose 5 . Choose 6. Pick

    an AutoCAD drawing. Insert, OLE Object. browse to pick a file to link to AutoCAD. a location in the drawing to place the OLE object.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    7 . Double Click to edit that object in the original program. TIPS: Spreadsheets that are imported into AutoCAD drawings with OLE are limited in size. If your spreadsheet is too large, you can reduce the column width and row height, reduce the font size, or paste the spreadsheet in separate parts to break the OLE object into smaller OLE objects. OLE objects are inserted in an AutoCAD drawing on the current layer. Turn off or freeze a layer to suppress the display of OLE objects on that layer. Set the system variable OLEHIDE to display or suppress the display of all OLE objects in paper space, model space, or both.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Hyperlinking 33.4


    1 . Choose 2 . Press 3 . Type 4 . Select 5 . Choose Insert, Hyperlink or CTRL + K or HYPE RLINK at the command prompt Command: hyperlink the object to hyperlink Select objects: 1 found an option in the hyperlink dialog box.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Opening a Hyperlink 33.4


    1. Move the cursor to the object with the hyperlink. with your right mouse button. Hyperlink from the menu. the file from the menu.

    2 . Click 3 . Choose 4 . Open

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 34 Communication and Collaboration Tools

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 34.1 Plotting to the WEB


    1. 2. 3. 4. Type Choose Choose Plot PLOT at the command prompt. Command: plot the Plot Device TAB. the dropdown list for Plotter Configuration. to a .DWF, JPG, or PNG file.

    DWF format does not compress the drawing file. JPEG format uses lossy compression; that is, some data is deliberately discarded to greatly reduce the size of the compressed file. PNG (Portable Network Graphics) format uses lossless compression; that is, no original data is sacrificed to reduce the size of the file.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 34.2 Configuring DWF Files


    1 . Type 2 . Choose 3 . Choose 4 . Choose 5 . Slide PLOT at the command prompt. Command: plot the DWF plot configuration option. the Properties...button. Custom Properties. the slider bar to extreme for a clearer resolution on the DWF file.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 34.3 Publish Command


    1. 2. 3. Choose Choose Type the Publish to WEB icon from the Standard Toolbar. or File, Publish PUBLISH at the command prompt. Command: publish

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 34.4 Publishing WEB Pages


    1. 2. Choose Type File, Publish to WEB. or PUBLISHTOWEB at the command prompt. Command: PUBLISHTOWEB 3. Click Create New Web Page and Next.

    4.

    Specify

    a name for the WEB page , location and description for the new WEB page and click Next. (NOTE: Save the WEB pages to C:\TEMP)

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    4. Select PNG as the image type for the drawings and Image Size Medium and click Next. NOTE: If you have the Express Viewer loaded, you can pick DWF files to view. This will allow you to zoom and pan the drawings.

    5.

    Select

    Array of ThumbNails as the Template type and click Next.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    6. Select a Theme (color) and click Next .

    7.

    Select

    Enable i-drop and Click Next

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    8. Select drawings and/or layouts to place on the WEB page.

    9.

    Click

    Regenerate all images and Next.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    10. Click Preview and Finish.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 34.4 e-Transmit


    1 . Type ETRANSIT at the command prompt. Command:etransmit

    e-Transmit options .EXE (files are self extracti ng) .ZIP (PKZIP or WINZIP is needed to extract files)

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 34.6 i-Drop


    i-drop allows users to drag a drawing from an i-drop handle on an i-drop supported WEB site to an open AutoCAD drawing. Choose the i-drop option when publishing to the WEB to create an i-drop enabled WEB page. 1 . Type http://www.autodesk.com/idrop to learn more about Autodesks i-drop technology.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 35 AutoCAD WEB Viewers

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial AutoCAD DWF Viewer 35.1


    1. 2. 3. 4. Launch Type Click Browse Your WEB Browser. http://www.autodesk.com/products on Autodesk DWF View from the list of Autodesk products. the site for information or to download a free copy of the DWF Viewer.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Volo View 35.2


    1. 2. 3. Launch Go to Click Your WEB Browser. http://www.autodesk.com/products/ Volo View to learn more about the Volo View application.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial CAD Viewer 35.3


    1. 2. Launch Go to Your WEB Browser. http://www.cadviewer.com/

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Internet Explorer 35.5


    1. 2. 3. Launch Choose Browse Internet Explorer 5.0 or later. File, Open. to C:\TEMP and open a .DWF file to view.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    AutoCAD Related WEB Sites 35.6


    1. 2. 3. Launch Click Search Internet Explorer. on one of the following WEB sites. or for AutoCAD related topics on the Internet on an Internet search engine

    http://www.cadalog.com http://www.cadalyst.com/ http://www.cadsoftware.com/ http://www.3dcafe.com/ http://www.mcneel.com http://www.caddepot.com/ http://www.caddigest.com/

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 36 Customization

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Menu Loading 36.1


    1. 2. Type Choose MENU at the command prompt. Command: Menu a menu (mnu) file to load.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Creating New Menu Files 36.2


    1. Copy MYACAD.mnu 2. Type new menu. ACAD.MNU to a new file name such as MENU at the command prompt to load the Command: MENU

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Menuload 36.3


    1. 2. 3. 4. Choose Type Choose Choose Tools, Customize, Menus or MENULOAD at the command prompt. Command: MENULOAD the Menu Bar Tab. Add or Remove to modify the appearance of the Pulldown menu.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Customizing Toolbars 36.4


    Create New Toolbars
    1. 2. Choose Type View, Toolbars... or TBCONFIG or TOOLBAR at the command prompt. Command: TBCONFIG or TOOLBAR

    3. 4. 5.

    Choose Type Click

    the New...button. the name of the new toolbar. OK.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    6. Choose the Commands...TAB.

    7.

    Drag

    commands from each menu and drop onto your toolbar.

    TIP: To copy a tool from another toolbar, press and drag the tool to the new toolbar. 8. Choose Close to close the Customize dialog box.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial User Defined Buttons 36.5


    1. 2. 3. Choose Choose Click View, Toolbars... the Commands...TAB. User Defined from the Categories section.

    4.

    Drag

    a user defined button to your toolbox.

    5. 6.

    Double Click Choose

    the new button. The Button Properties dialog box will appear. Edit...from the Button Properties window.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    7. 8. 9.

    Draw Close Press

    the desired symbol by using the draw tools. the Button Editor (save if necessary). Apply.

    10. Close 11. Close

    the button properties window by selecting the X in the upper right corner. the Toolbars window.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Macros 36.6


    1. 2. Click Type Your right mouse button on the button you wish to modify or create. the macro command in the macro window.

    Macro that inserts a block called chair

    TIPS: Use ^C ^C to cancel any previous AutoCAD command apostrophe () will issue a transparent command Use a semicolon (;) to separate a series of commands a dash (-) will issue the command without a dialog box.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Characters Used in Macros 36.7


    Pausing for User Input Example
    To accept input from the keyboard or the pointing device in the middle of a menu macro, place a backslash (\) at the point where you want input.

    ; ^M ^I SPACEBAR

    Issues ENTER Issues ENTER Issues TAB Enters a space; blank space between command sequences in a menu item is equivalent to pressing the SPACEBAR Pauses for user input (cannot be used in the erators section) Translates AutoCAD commands and keywords follow Continues menu macro to the next line (if last character) - 317 -

    \ Accel _ that +

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    =* *^C^C $ or expression ^B ^C ^D the ^E ^G ^H ^O ^P ^Q Displays the current top level image, pull-down, or shortcut menu Prefix for a repeating item Special character code that loads a menu section introduces a conditional DIESEL macro ($M=) Toggles Snap on or off (CTRL+B) Cancels command (ESC) Toggles Coords on or off (CTRL+D) SPACEBAR at end of a menu item Sets the next isometric plane (CTRL+E) Toggles Grid on or off (CTRL+G) Issues backspace Toggles Ortho on or off (CTRL+O) Toggles MENUECHO on or off Echoes all prompts, status listings, and input to the printer (CTRL+Q) ^T ^V ^Z of Toggles tablet on or off (CTRL+T) Changes current viewport (CTRL+V) Null character that suppresses the automatic addition

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Editing Menus in Word 36.8


    1. 2. Open Change a menu (.mnu) file in a text editor. the desired menu. MENU at the AutoCAD command prompt to and use the menu in AutoCAD/

    3. Type compile

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 38 Slide Shows

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Creating Slides 38.1


    MSlide Command
    1. Type MSLIDE at the command prompt. Command: MSLIDE the name of the slide file (and location).

    2.

    Type

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Viewing Slides 38.2


    1. 2. Type Pick VSLIDEat the command prompt. Command: VSLIDE the name of the slide file (and location).

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Slideshows 38.3


    Scripts
    In a W ord Processor, create a series of commands to execute in AutoCAD. Save the script file with an extension called .SCR.

    Pausing a Slide
    1. Type DELAY at the command prompt. Command: DELAY Enter delay time (in milliseconds): 3000 NOTE: 3000 milliseconds is 3 seconds

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    Running a Script in AutoCAD

    1. 2.

    Type Pick

    SCRIPT at the command prompt. Command: SCRIPT the script name to run.

    Repeating a Script

    1.

    Type

    RSCRIPT at the command prompt. Command: RSCRIPT This will repeat the script command lines continuously.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 39 CAD Standards

    - 330 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 39.1 Drawing Standards (.DWS) Files


    Standards define a set of common properties for named objects such as layers and text styles. You or your CAD manager can create, apply, and audit standards in AutoCAD drawings to enforce consistency. Because standards make it easier for others to interpret drawings, standards are particularly useful in collaborative environments, where many individuals contribute to the standards.

    1. 2. 3. 4.

    Open Type Choose Save

    a drawing with standards defined (i.e. AIALayersSampleDrawing.dwg) SAVEAS at the command prompt. Command: saveas .DW S as the file type to save. the drawing standard file.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 39.2 CAD Standards Manager


    1. 2. 3. Choose Type Choose Tools, CAD Standards, Configure... or STANDARDS at the command prompt. Command: standards Add standards button to add a standards file (aialayer.dws)

    4. 5. 6. 7.

    Open Load Choose Type

    a drawing to check its standards (i.e. HBH-G.dwg) the CAD standards AIALayer.DWS file. Checkstandads... or CHECKSTANDARDS at the command prompt. Command: checkstandards the fix button to make changes to the existing drawing.

    8. Choose

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 39.3 Layer Translator


    1. Type LAYTRANS at the command prompt. Command: laytrans or 2. 3. 4. Choose Choose Match Tools, CAD Standards, Layer Translator. Load...to load standards from a .DW S or .DW G file. the layers in the current drawing to the layers in the .DW G or .DW S file.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 39.4 Batch Standards Checker


    Performs batch checking on multiple drawings outside of AutoCADs drawing editor. 1. Choose 2. Load Start, Programs, AutoCAD 2000x, Batch Standards Checker. multiple drawings to check.

    3.

    Compare

    to an existing standards file (i.e. aialayers.dws).

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial
    4. Save the standards audit as a file (.chx)

    - 335 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 39.5 Redline Markup Language


    1. 2. Choose Pick Insert, Markup... a markup language file to insert.

    TIPS: Markups range from hyperlinks to simple boxes and circles. Created in programs such as VoloView A new MARKUP layer is created in the current drawing.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 39.6 Revision Cloud


    1. Choose 2. Type Draw, Revcloud or REVCLOUD at the command prompt. Command: revcloud Minimum arc length: 0.5000 Maximum arc length: 0.5000 Specify start point or [Arc length/Object] <Object>: Guide crosshairs along cloud path... Revision cloud finished. or 3. Click the Revcloud icon from the draw menu.

    - 337 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial 39.8 Wipeout


    Creates a polygonal area that masks underlying objects with the current background color. This area is bounded by the wipeout frame. You can turn on the wipeout frame for editing and turn it off for plotting.

    1. 2.

    Choose Type

    Draw, Wipeout or WIPEOUT at the command prompt. Command: _wipeout Specify first point or [Frames/Polyline] <Polyline>: Select a closed polyline:

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Chapter 40 Isometrics

    - 339 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Isometric Cursor 40.1


    1. 2. 3. Choose Type Toggle Tools, Drawing Aids... or DDRMODES at the command prompt. Command: DDRMODES Isometric Snap/Grid to ON.

    - 340 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Isoplane Toggle 40.2


    1. Press Function Key F5 to toggle <Isoplane Top> <Isoplane Left> <Isoplane Right> or 2. Press CTRL + E to toggle isoplanes.

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Isometric Circles 40.3


    1. Type ELLIPSE at the command prompt. Command: ELLIPSE or EL Arc/Center/Isocircle/<Axis endpoint 1>: I Center of circle: <Isoplane Top> <Circle radius>/Diameter:

    - 342 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial Isometric Text 40.4


    1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Type Type Pick Type Type Type Type Type Pick STYLE at the command prompt Command:STYLE RISO as a style name Text style name (or ?) RISO A font file Font file: Romans.shx Zero(0) for the text height Height <0>0 .85 for the character width factor Width factor: .85 30 degrees for an obliquing angle Obliquing Angle: 30 NO to Backwards, Upside Down, and Vertical DTEXT at the command prompt Command:DTEXT A start point Justify/Style/<Start point>: pick 10. Type 11. Type 30 for the rotation angle Rotation angle:30 A string of text Text:(text string) 12. Press ENTER to end the text command

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    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Style Left ISO Right ISO Top ISO

    Width Factor .85 .85 .85

    Oblique Angle -30 30 30

    Rotation Angle -30 30 -30

    - 344 -

    AutoCAD 2D Tutorial

    Isometric Dimensions 40.5


    1. 2. Type Type DIMALIGNED to place an aligned dimension in isometrics DIMEDIT oblique the angle of the dimension line and rotate the text. Oblique Angle = -30 Rotated Text = 30

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