A Detailed Lesson Plan in Grade 9 Mathematics on

Inverse Variation
I. Objectives

At the end of a 40-minute session, 80% of the students with 75% of proficiency
must be able to:
A. define inverse variation
B. determine the relationship between two quantities
C. identify which table of values model an inverse variation
D. illustrate an inverse variation using graphs
E. cooperate enthusiastically during group activities and class discussion.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Inverse Variation
Materials: Weighing scale, pebbles, manila paper and pentel pen and activity
sheets.
Reference/s:
Ceñidoza, C., Draper, R., Socao J., & Zuñiga, W. (2014). Math world 9.
Philippines: C & E Publishing, Inc.

III. INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preparatory Activities
1. Prayer
2. Greetings

B. Developmental Activities

1. Motivational Activity

We have here a weighing scale

and 10 pebbles. What are we
going to do is to put all the pebbles
in the weighing scale. Let's first
put 5 pebbles on each side of the
scale.

What can you say about the two

sides of the scale? It is in the same level.
Okay, now let's get one pebble on
the left side of the scale and put it
in the right side.

What can you notice to the scale? The left side goes up while the
right side goes down.

Let's get another pebble from the

left side and put it in the other side.

So what happens now? The left side goes more up and

the right side goes more down.

Let's now get three pebbles on the

right side and put it to the left side.

What can you say? Now, the right side goes up while
the other side goes down.

So, what happens when there are

more pebbles than the other side? The scale will not be on the same
level.
The side with more pebbles goes
down while the other side with
lesser pebbles goes up.

2. Lesson Proper

Based on the observation that

you made, is there a possibility
that even you add or remove
pebbles to the right side, the left
side will not be affected? No.

Why? Because they are related to each

other.

How do you say so? Because when the number of

pebbles on the right side
increases, the number of the
pebbles on the left side
 decreases that is why the right
side goes down why the left side
goes up.

Good. The sides are related and

affect each other. Whatever we
do on one side will affect the
other side. It also shows that
when one side increases in the
number of pebbles, the other
side decreases.

This situation is called Inverse

Variation.

So what do you think is an

inverse variation? Inverse variation is about two
quantities that affect each other
such that when the value of one
increases, the other one,
decreases.
Very good answer.

Inverse variation is a situation that

represents a relationship between
two quantities, say x and y, such
that as the value of x increases,
𝑘
the value of y decreases y=𝑥 .

So class, I will give you

worksheets and answer the
questions in the worksheet
provided.

(See worksheet attached).

Are you done answering?

Yes.

Okay.
After observing the examples and
non-examples tables of values for
inverse variation, what do you
think are the characteristics of an
inverse variation? As the value of one variable in
inverse variation increases, the
other variable decreases.

Good. We may relate that in our

definition of inverse variation.

What else? No matter what are the values of

the two variables, the product of
them remains the same.
The product of two quantities
cannot be equal to zero.

Good answer. In inverse variation,

the product of x and y is the same
or constant no matter how their
values change, and the value of
the constant, say k is not equal to
zero (xy = k).

You will be divided into two

groups. Using the worksheets
given to you. Group 1 will graph all
the examples tables of values of
inverse variation while the Group
2 will graph all the non-examples
tables. Draw the graph in a manila
paper.

A.
Kindly present the graphs made
by Group 1. 1. This is the graph of the
table. The two curve lines
do not touch each other
and they are on the
opposite quadrants
 20
15
10
5
0
-10 -5 0 10

-10
-15
-20

2. This is the graph for table

2. The same as the graph
for the table 1 but the two
curve lines are in the
second and fourth
quadrants.
6

0
-10 -5 0 5 10
-2

-4

-6

3. This is the graph for table

3. The two curve lines do
not also touch each other
and are in the quadrant 1
and 3.
 20
15
10
5
0
-5 -5 0 5
-10
-15
-20

Good. Now, let’s see how the

graphs for the tables of values of
non-examples of an inverse
variation look like. Group 2 will
now present the graphs they
made.

B.

1. The graph for the table I of

the non-examples of
inverse variation is just a
straight line laying in the x-
axis.

1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
-10 0 10
 2. The graph for second
table is also a line but a
slant one that passes
through the origin.

6
4
2
0
-5 -2 0 5
-4
-6

3. This graph for the third

table is also a slant line
that passes through the
origin.

0
-10 -5 0 5 10
-2

-4

Now, what can you infer from the

graphs of the examples and non-
examples table of values for
inverse variation? They show different structure of
graphs. The graphs of examples
of inverse variation are two curve
lines that do not meet and on the
opposite quadrants while the
 graphs of the non-examples are
straight lines.

Okay. Good. The graphs of an

inverse variation are two curve
lines laying on the opposite
quadrants that do not meet.

3. GENERALIZATION

When can we say that the two

quantities have an inverse
relationship?

4. Application

A. Find a partner and complete the table of values for inverse variation. Write your
answer in a whole sheet of paper.

1. 2.
x y xy x y xy
3 15 45 3 15 45
6 7.5 45 6 7.5 45
9 5 45 9 5 45
-3 -15 45 -3 -15 45
-6 -7.5 45 -6 -7.5 45
-9 -5 45 -9 -5 45
3. 4.

x y xy x y xy
3 15 45 3 15 45
6 7.5 45 6 7.5 45
9 5 45 9 5 45
-3 -15 45 -3 -15 45
-6 -7.5 45 -6 -7.5 45
-9 -5 45 -9 -5 45
IV. Evaluation
In a whole sheet of paper, answer the following:

A. Explain whether or not the following tables of values model inverse variation.
Explain your answer. Then write the equation for each table.

1. x y
0.2 11.5
0.4 5.75
0.5 4.6

2.
x y
8 10
4 5
2 2.5

3. x y
-5 -0.05
-4 -0.0625
-3 -0.0833

B. Graph and make a table of values of each variation equation.

5
1. y= 𝑥 2
8
2. y= 𝑥

Answer
A.
1. 0.2 * 11.5= 2.3
0. 4* 5.75 = 2.3
0.5 * 4.6 = 2.3
The product of each pair of x’s and y’s is constant (2.3). Also, notice that as the value of
x increases, the value of y decreases. Hence, the table of values presents an inverse
variation. To obtain the equation, substitute the value to the constant k in the equation
𝑘 2.3
y=𝑥 . So you have y= 𝑥.

2. 2 * 10 = 20
 0.4 * 5.75 = 20
0.5 * 4.6 = 20
The product of each pair of x’s and y’s is constant (20). Also, notice that as the value of x
increases, the value of y decreases. Hence, the table of values presents an inverse
variation. To obtain the equation, substitute the value to the constant k in the equation
𝑘 20
y=𝑥 . So you have y = 𝑥.

3.-5 *-0.05 = 0.25

-4 * -0.0625 = 0.25
-3 * - 0.0933 = 0.28
Since the product is not the same for all pairs of x’s and y’s, we say that the table of does
not present an inverse variation.

B.

5
1. y= 𝑥

x y 6
1 5
4
2 2.5
3 1.67 2
-1 -5
0
-2 -2.5 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
-3 -1.67 -2

-4

-6
 8
2. y= 𝑥

10
8
X Y 6
4
1 8
2
2 4
0
3 2.67 -4 -2 -2 0 2 4
-1 -8 -4
-2 -4 -6
-3 -2.67 -8
-10

IV. Assignment
In a whole sheet of paper, answer the following question.

1. The number of animators needed to finish an episode of an anime series varies

inversely as the time it takes to finish the task. If 21 animators can finish one
episode in 3 days, how many animators are needed to finish the same task in
just one day?
2. The volume of a confined gas varies inversely as the pressure if the temperature
remains unchanged. If the volume is 720 cu. inches when the pressure is 9
pounds per square inch, find the volume when the pressure is a.) 6 pounds, b.)
12 pounds, c.) 15 pounds.
Name:

Year and Section:

Directions: Observe the following examples tables of values present an inverse

variation and not an inverse variation. Identify some characteristics of an inverse
variation. Then proceed answering the next question.

These are examples tables of values of an inverse variation.

x y xy x y xy x y xy
3 15 45 4 - -17 1 14 14
6 7.5 45 4.25 2 7 14
9 5 45 5 -3.4 -17 3 4.67 14
-3 -15 45 8 - -17 -1 -14 14
-6 -7.5 45 2.13 -2 -7 14
-9 -5 45 -4 4.25 -17 -3 - 14
-5 3.4 -17 4.67
-8 2.13 -17
These are not example of table of values of an inverse
variation.

x y xy x y xy x y xy
3 0 0 1 1.25 1.25 2 1 2
6 0 0 2 2.5 5 4 2 8
9 0 0 3 3.75 11.25 6 3 18
-3 0 0 -1 - 1.25 -2 -1 2
-6 0 0 1.25 -4 -2 8
-9 0 0 -2 -2.5 5 -6 -3 18
-3 - 11.25
3.75

What are the characteristics of an inverse variation?