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21 Century Literature From The Philippines and The World: Quarter 1 - Module 3: ELEMENTS of Philippine Literary Genres

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21st Century Literature from the Philippines and

the World
Quarter 1 – Module 3: ELEMENTS of Philippine
Literary Genres

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Philippine literature reflects a diverse group of works which are grounded on


real-life experiences and mirrors Filipino cultures and traditions. Thus,
promoted Filipino cultural values, told daily struggles of locals, and have
instilled a remarkable lesson or two.

According to Barrie Jean Borich, Creative nonfiction is a memory-


or-fact based writing that makes use of styles and elements of fiction, poetry,
memoir, and essay. It is a writing about and from a world that includes the
author’s life and/or the author’s eye on the lives of others. Creative Nonfiction
is a genre that answers to many different names, these names are: Literary
Nonfiction; Narrative Nonfiction; Literary Journalism; Imaginative Nonfiction;
Lyric Essay; Personal Essay; Personal Narrative; and Literary Memoir. Creative
Nonfiction is even, sometimes, thought of as another way of writing fiction,
because of the way writing changes the way we know the subject.
Furthermore, a poem as the highest form of literature helps the
readers understand things that are happening in the society, express ideas on
issues, and finally share experiences. In addition, reading a poem the reader
connects with the writer’s life perspective which the reader unfolds the
meaning of the text.
This module covers the elements of Philippine Literary genres,
specifically short story and poetry written by Filipino authors. By reading their
works, we may tend to see the other’s interpretation of living and appreciate
the beauty of life.

Learning Competencies

EN 12Lit-1d-25. Compare and contrast the various 21st century literary


genres and the ones from the earlier genres / periods
citing their elements, structures and traditions.
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
Knowledge: Discuss the literary genres, literary elements and
structure.
Skills: compare and contrast pre-colonial literary forms from
contemporary literary forms in terms of genre, elements,
structure and tradition.
Attitude: perform the different tasks with confidence.
Please take note that all answers shall be written in your activity
notebooks, and that there should never be any markings placed in this
module.

WHAT I KNOW

Task 1
Direction: Supply the following with the appropriate word found in the box to
complete the statements.

Flashback Foreshadowing Fiction


Meter Plot Plot Devices
El Ilocano Rhyme Conflict
Stanza Line break Poetry
Essay Drama Speech

1. a formal address or discourse delivered to an audience.


2. refers to the series of events which have causal relationship
with others.
3. are techniques that the writers creatively present the events in
the story.
4. is a plot device where the story moves away from the current
events happening in the story to a time in the past.
5. is a plot device where the writer presents an image or a scene
which gives the reader clues as to events which will happen in the
future.
6. it is a story that comes from the writer’s imagination.
7. It is a group of lines in a poem. It is often called a “verse”
8. It is a pattern of words that contain similar sounds.
9. It is the rhythmic structure of a poem.
10. a form of literature often uses rhythmic qualities of
language to evoke meaning.
11. are stories composed inverse or prose, usually for theatrical
performance, where conflict and emotion are expressed through
dialogue and action
12. a short literary composition that reflects the author’s outlook
or point
WHAT’S IN

Task 2. VENN DIAGRAM


Instructions: Give the similarities and differences between poetry and short
story using the Venn Diagram.

WHAT’S NEW

Task 3

Directions: Analyze the words found in the word pool and sort them
according to their category as indicated in the table provided below
the word pool.

Poetry Drama Prose

Non-fiction Media Characterization

Point of View Tone Mood

Symbolism Stanza Meter

Literary Genres Literary Elements Structure

Explore!

1. How did you find the activity?


2. Was it easy/difficult for you to categorize the words? Why?
3. What is your basis for categorizing?
WHAT IS IT

Five Main GENRES OF LITERATURE that students must be familiar with.

1. Poetry - is a literary type that is merely always written in stanzas


and lines creating a unique look on the page.
2. Drama- is any text meant to be performed rather than read.
3. Prose - is any kind of written text that is not poetry.
4. Non-fiction – a vast category that is a type of prose that includes many
different sub-genres. It can be creative such as personal essays or
factual, such as scientific paper.
5. Media – the newest type of literature that has been defined as a
distinct genre. This categorization was created to encompass the
many new and important kinds of texts in our society today such as
movies and films, websites, commercials, billboards, and radio
programs.
Source: brighthubeducation.com

ELEMENTS OF LITERATURE

I. Elements of Plot is the sequence of events in a story which often


have a causal relationship with each other.

Plot Devices are techniques that the writer uses to creatively present the
events in the story
Flashback is a plot device where the story moves away from the current
events happening in the story to a time in the past.
Foreshadowing is a plot device where the story presents an image or a
scene which gives the reader clues as to events which will happen in the
future.
Exposition refers to character (s ) introduced, setting, goals,
motivation , stakes established .
Falling action is the aftermath or results.
Rising action refers to conflicts, struggles, and blocks to the goal or
journey.
Climax is the turning point. Battle is won or lost. Resolution to the
conflict occurs or is made possible.

Resolution or denouement refers to the problem, conflict (usually )


resolved, enemy vanquished, goal reached ( or not ).
II. Characters- Persons who are involved in the story.
III. Point of View – refers to how the story is being told / narrated.
IV. Tone / Mood
Tone refers to the author’s attitude, stated or implied, toward a
subject while mood is the climate of feeling in a literary work. The choice
of setting, objects, details, images and words all contribute towards
creating a specific mood.
V. Symbolism – refers to a person, place or object which has meaning
but suggests other meanings as well.
VI. Theme – is the main idea or underlying meaning of a literary work. A
theme may be stated or implied.

Structure of Poetry
Stanza is a group of lines in a poem. It is often called a “verse”.
Rhyme is a pattern of words that contain similar sounds.
Meter is the rhythmic structure of a poem. Sometimes you can feel the
meter by tapping for each syllable.
Line Break is where a line of poetry ends. It causes the reader to pause and
will determine how the poem is read.

WHAT'S MORE

Task 4
Direction: Accomplish the table below by providing what are asked.

Attributes to compare Pre-colonial Literary Contemporary Literary


and contrast Form Form
Literary Genre

Literary Elements

Structure

Tradition

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Task 5

Directions: Write your reflection in your notebook by completing the


unfinished statements below.

I have learned that

I have realized that

I will apply
WHAT I CAN DO

Task6

Direction: In general, how do you compare literature during the pre-colonial


time and the contemporary period. Write your answer in an essay form.
You will be grade using the rubrics below.

Basis for scoring:

Strongly Evident Not Evident


Evident

Clarity of
Content

Organization

Correct
Conventions

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