Ass#1

Ajeto, Joshua Allen D.
BSME III
EE 330 B
Assignment no.1
1. What is an Electrical Generator?
 Electric generators, also known as dynamos is an electric

machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical
energy. The electric generator’s mechanical energy is
usually provided by steam turbines, gas turbines, and wind
turbines. Electrical generators provide nearly all the power
that is required for electric power grids.
2. Types of Direct Current Generators
 Permanent Magnet Type DC Generator

Here, no field windings are present near the poles. The
poles produce constant fields here. This is very small and
used in dynamos in cycles etc. The magnets produce flux
which gets deteriorated with the passage of time and indeed
changes the characteristics of the machine.
 Separately Excited DC Generator

Here, the field windings are energized by a separate DC
source. The flux generated on the poles depends upon the
field current, and the saturated region remains constant.
 Self Excited DC Generator

The generator provides the current to the field winding.
When the electric generator is off, a small is developed in
the rotor which induces an electromotive force in the
armature and produces current in the field windings.
The self-excited DC generator is further classified into

Shunt Wound Generator and Series Wound Generator.
 Shunt Wound Generator

Here, the field winding is connected across the armature
windings in a parallel also known as a shunt circuit, which
helps to apply a full terminal voltage across it.
 Series Wound Generator
Here, the field coils are connected in series with the
armature windings. The armature current is carried in a
series of field windings.
3. Principles of operation of DC Generator
 A direct current generator works on the concept of

electromagnetic induction, which states that when the
magnetic flux between two conductors changes, an EMF is
induced in the conductor. A field winding and an armature
winding are both included in a DC generator.
4. Illustration and construction of the main parts of a practical
DC Gen and each function.
5. DC Generator Classifications
 DC generators are mainly categorized into three types based

on the field excitation methods. They are;
 Permanent Magnet DC generator is a device that converts
mechanical energy to electrical energy. In this device the
rotor windings have been replaced with permanent magnets.
These devices do not require a separate DC supply for the
excitation circuit or do they have slip rings and contact
brushes.
 Separately Excited DC generator is the one whose field
winding is supplied by an independent external DC source
(like a battery).
 Self-Excited DC generator, a elf-excited generators which
get started with the initial current in the field coils.
6. Types of Armatures and types of Armature windings.
7. Compensating windings and Interpoles
 Compensating winding and interpoles are used for same

purpose but the difference between them is, interpoles
produce e.m.f for neutralizing reactance e.m.f whereas
compensating winding produces an m.m.f which opposes the
m.m.f produced by conductors.
8. Proper Commutation and Armature Reaction in DC Gen.
 For the same, compensating winding and interpoles are

utilized, yet the distinction between them is that
interpoles create lectromotive force for reactance
neutralization electromotive force. Magnetomotive force is
produced via compensatory winding.
a force that opposes the Magnetomotive force generated by
conductors.
9. Generator Voltage Output and Voltage Regulation.
 Voltage regulation is the measure of how well a power

transformer can maintain constant secondary voltage given a
constant primary voltage and wide variance in load current.
The lower the percentage (closer to zero), the more stable
the secondary voltage and the better the regulation it will
provide. A generator's output is generally regulated by
adjusting the current in the generator's field, with the
speed remaining constant for a given frequency. There are
several excitation systems that may be used, and they all
typically comprise some sort of system of detecting and
regulating the output voltage of the generator

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Ajeto, Joshua Allen D.

 Electric generators, also known as dynamos is an electric

 Permanent Magnet Type DC Generator

 Separately Excited DC Generator

 Self Excited DC Generator

The self-excited DC generator is further classified into

 Shunt Wound Generator

 A direct current generator works on the concept of

 DC generators are mainly categorized into three types based

7. Compensating windings and Interpoles

 Compensating winding and interpoles are used for same

8. Proper Commutation and Armature Reaction in DC Gen.

 For the same, compensating winding and interpoles are

 Voltage regulation is the measure of how well a power

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