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POWER CYCLES/ ICE Solving for A
PSE MODULE 14.1 (SOLUTION)
1. Carnot cycle A. B and C are connected in series so that the heat rejected
from A wil be the heat added to B and heat rejected from B will be added
to C. Each cycle operates between 30°C and 400°C. If heat added to A
60)+ 460 R 4
is 1000 k. then what is the work output of C?
A. 111.5 kJ C. 104.5 kJ 70+ 460 R
B. 91.26 kJ D. 205.4 kJ V4 13.066f
Seletion Thus
Note = e= 1- AV 13.066-0.770 t 12.30
AnsC
W=ee(RB) > whereRB-L
RA H 4. What is the pressure ratio in an ideal dual combustion cycle if the
pressures at the beginning and end of the constant volume portion of
also, combustion are 2500 kPa and 4000 kPa respectively.
AA TH A. 14 L.6
B. 1.5 D. 1.7

Thus
So.QRBAA TH Solso
40001.6
2500

Ans. C

We 1000 ku1-30+273 30+273 A gas at 1 atmosphere pressure originally occupics a

5. volume of 20

We111.44 k
400+273 400+273 The gasis polytropically compressed with n=1.15 until the pressure is
48.51 psia. What work is required for this compression?
A 45 fb C. 300 ft-Ib
Ans.A B. 115 f-Ib D. 48,000 ft-Ib

2. What is the efficiency of an Otto cycle with a compression ratioof 6:17

Solitken
The gas used is air.
0.617 C.0488 W Solving for V,
B 0.191 D.0.512 1-n

Sdilion ,V- .I5 1S

- 0.5116451.164% (14.7 psia) 20t=(48.5l psia)(v,
7.082 ft
Ans. D
Thus,

3. A Carnot power cycle employing 1 Ib of air as a working substance is 2

presumed to operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F. The
pressure at the beginning and end ofthe isothermal expansion processare W (147 psin) 20m)+(48.51psia7.0821
510 psia and 170 psia, respectively Determine the change of vokume
between the end of isentropic expansion and the end ot isentropic
(L151/14in
compressIon W-47560.13 ft bf
A. 11.34 ft'lb C. 12.3 f/lb D
B. 10.45 ftlb D. 14.5 f/lb
Solansnoh 6. The compression ratio and the cut off ratio oB an ideal Diesel cycle are 13
and 3 respectively. What is the cycle efficiency for a cold air standard
value of k?
AV V4 A. 53.2 % C. 55.21 %
Solving for V2 B. 43.20% D. 45.21 %

P,V,mkT Selutioni

(S10 piaV,)(14tin/n2)=(0 h) 53.34 (60+460R) = 0.5320 53.2%

V0.770
e-1) 4B-1)]
Solving for V
Ans. A
7. What is the clearance of an ideaB Otto engine if the efficiency is 46.4 %
and k= I.3
(170 psia)()= (510 psia)(0.770 n) A. 14.29 % C. 10.26 %
B. 15.64 % D. 18.45 %
V2.31 n3
600"F Salukan
0.464-1 P * 7.9%4

4 k-17.9944-1.140»
--=0.1430»14,3
14.3%
70'F
Ans. A
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8. A steam turbine receives 1600 kg of steam per hour at 35 m/s velocity
and 3,550 kJ/kg. The steam leaves at 250 m/s and 3,020 kJ/kg. Which of
the following most nearly equals the power output?
A. 198 kW C. 223 kWN
B. 210 kW D. 247 kWV 0.464 1-

Solulion: 7.9944

By energy balance:
c =0.1430 14.3%
H+ KE+Q= H2+ KE,+W k .9944 1 -

1600
35s0 hr35m/s) Ans. A
-+0
3600s/hr kg) 2 3600s/hr |1000 W/kw 12. A certain mass of gas having an initial pressure of 17.237 kPa and an
initial volume of 0.057 m' is expanded isothermally to volume of 0.113

(1600kg/t3020
3600s/hr ) 3600s/hr )1000 W
W
m'. What is the work done by the gas in kJ?
A. 500
B. 564
C. 672
D. 600
Thus
W 221.94 kW Solukien:

Ans. C
9.A Camot power cycle employing 1 Ib ofair as a working substance is W=PV
presumed to operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F. The
pressure at the beginning and end of the isothermal expansion process are
510 psia and 170 psia, respectively. Detëmine the the heat supplied to
W-(17237 kPo)o.as7 mno
the cycle. W= 672.37 kJ
A. 25.5 Btu/lb C. 80.4 Btu/lb
B. 79.8 Btu/lb D. 72.3 Btulb Ans. C
Solelion: 13. Air expanded adiabatically from an initial absolute pressure of 31026
kPa to a final absolute pressure of 1705 psi. If the initial temperature of
9,-RT, In the air is 600 R, calculate its final temperature.
A. 455 R C. 252.6 RR
B. 252.6 K D. A andB
53.342-br

= bm-9R.|(60+460°R)Inu70
778 f-Ibf/Bu
Salahion

Q 79.84 Btu/ibm
Ans. B
10. A Canot power cycle employing 1 Ib of air as a working substance is
(1705 psi)(101.325 kPa/14.7 psi) 1
600°R 31026 kPa
presumed to operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F. The
252.26 K
pressure at the beginning and end of the isothermal expansion process are T 454.67R
=
S10 psia and 170 psia, respectively. Determine the heat rejected by the
cycle.
Ans. D
A. 39.9 Bu/lb C. 21.4 Bulb
14. In an ideal Oto cycle the pressure at the beginning of the compression
B. 234 Btu/lb D. 124 Buw/lb
process is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 13.08 ft'
The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2804° F, and the heat supplied
Seluien is 372 Bu Using constant specific heat, cakulate the temperature at the
beginning of the combustion.
A. 1076°R C. 1089°R
B. 1167°R D. 1234°R
since As2.3 4 --4
Solution:
Solving for the mass:
PV = mRT

RS3.342 lbm )lns510Bu

(70 460 °Rn170778 (15psia 13.08n(144in2/n2=m53.342b(70460 R)
°R/ ft- b lbm-R)
QR 39.92Bu/lbm = I lb

Solving forT2.
Ans. A
11. What is the clearance of an ideal Otto engine if the efficiency is 46.4 %
and k = 1.3
AC(T
A. 14.29 %% C. 10.26 %
B. 15.64 % D. 18.45 %
372 Btu = (1 16) 0.17Ib °F 804 T,
460 1088.56°R
T=628.6°F + =

Soluion
Ams. C
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15. In an ideal Otto cycle, the temperature at the end of the heat addition 19. In an ideal Otto cycle the pressure at the beginning of the compression
process is 2600°F, and the temperalure at the end of the expansion process is I5 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 13.08 f
process is 883°F. What is the compression ratio? The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2804° F, and the heat supplied
A. 6.577 C. 9.45 is 372 Bu. Using constant specific heat, calculate the network of the
B. 7.84 D. 845 cycle, Btu.
A. 123 Btu C. 191 Btu
Selu
B. 102 Btu D. 205 Btu

where Solution

2600+ 4600 41 netAQR

383+460 (*)
7.84
(1,TC,(T7)
Refer to no.14 for m = 1 b and T, = 1089°R

Ans. B and also no.18 for T= 1588.54°R

16. In an ideal Otto cycle the pressure al the beginning of the where
compression
process is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 13.08 n 70+460 = 530°R
Themaximum temperature of the cycle is 2804° F, and the heat supplied
is 372 Btu. Using constant specific heat, calculate the compression ratio. T 2804+460 3264°R
A. 6.05 C..4.05 Subs. values
B. 7.05 D. 3.05
Seluion: Wne-(1 b) o.17 3264 1089)'R
Refer to no.14
for T2 (1 1b) o.17 588.54'R-530-R)
T= 1088.56°R

So.T,-
k-1 NSTT
TUTE
net

Ans.C
190.91 Btu

1088.56 =(70+ 460)(. 44 20. In an ideal Otto cycle the pressure at the beginning of the compression
process is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 13.08 ft'.
6.05 The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2804° F, and the heat supplied
is 372 Btu. Using constant specific heat. calculate the the thermal
Ans.A efficiency of the cycle.
A. 34.7 % C. 23.4 %
17. A Camot power cycle employing 1 lb of air as a working substance is B. 51.3% D. 43.4 %
presumed to operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F. The
pressure at the beginning and end of the isothermal expansion process are
Sl0 psia and 170 psia, respectively. Determine the network ofthe cycle. Solulion
A. 39.9 Bt/lb C. 57.6 Btulb
B. 32.7 Btu/lb D. 13.4 Btu/lb e1- Refer to no.16 for .

Selsho 6.05
WnetAR e=1- 05133 51.33%
Refer to nos: 9 and 10,

OHdHOHd
6.054-

A 79.8 Btu/lb
Ans. B
A=39.9 Btu/lb
21. An ideal gas turbine operates with a pressure ratio of 10 and the energy
Wnet79.8-39.9 39.9 input in the high temperature heat exchanger is 300 kw. Calculate the air
Ib
flow rate for a temperature limits of 30°C and 1200°C.
Ans. A A.0.25 kg/s C. 041 kgs
B. 0.34 kg/s D. 0.51 kg/s
18. In an ideal OMo cycle the pressure a the beginning of he compression
Soluion:
process is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 13.08 ft.
The maximum temperature of the cycle is 2804° F, and the heat supplied
is 372 Btu. Using constant specific heat, calculate the temperature at the Solving for T
end of the expansion process, °R T=30+273 303 K
A. 1589°R C. 1450°R
B. 1345°R D. 1235 R L4-1
T (303)(10)1.4
T= S85 K
Soltion:
So. ACp( T
T= 1200+273 = 1473 K

300 kW=m(1.00kJ/kg-k)(1473 - 585 K)

Refer to no.14 for T,= 1089 °R m 0.338kg/s

2804+460R B
1089°h 70+ 460°R
T4 158.54°R

AnsA
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22. Diesel cycle has a peak presure of 745 psia. The conditions at the 26 A diesel engine takes in air at 105 kPa and 26°C subjected to a
beginning of the compression are 15 psia and 5 301° R. Heat added to the compression ratio of 19, What is the operating clearance in percent?
cyce is found to be 392 Bulb. Assuming constant specitic heat find the A. 5.56 % C. 4.56 %
CompressIon ratio. B. 6.66% D. 7.56 %
A 7 to l C. 14 to Sole.
B. D. 12 to l

Selekons
-19-
c =0.05556 5.56%
P=P,V where Ans. A
27. A Diesel cycle has a peak pressure of 745 psia. The conditions at the
4
beginning of the compression are 15 psia and 530° R. Heat added to the
745 15 cycle is found to be 392 Btulb. Assuming constant specific heat find the
16.3 17 thermal efficiency. %.
A. 58 % C. 62 %
Ans. A B. 64 D. 54 %
23. Air at 3000K and 200 kpa is heated at constant pressure to 6000K.
Determine the change of intermal energy. Seletion:
A.245.58 KJ^g C.225.58 Kkg
B.235.58 KJkg D.215.58 KJ/Ag
From o. 24, W 244.43 227 Btu/!b
Selon
e-a 0.5791
392
2a
(1)| 0713
kg-K (600-300 K)
AU =mCAT = =
213.9 ki/kg
e= 57.9%

Ans. D Ans A
24. A Diesel cycle has a peak pressure of 745 psia. The conditions at the
28. An ideal Joule cycle using air operates with a maximun pressure of 60
beginning af the compression are 15 psia and 530° R. Heat added to the
kPa abs and a maximum temperature of 725 C. At the beginning of the
cycle is found to be 392 Bulb. Asuming constant specific heat find the
isentropic compression process, the pressure is 102 kPa abs and the
net work. Bu/lb.
temperature is 20 C. Calculate the heat supplied
A. 124 Btuib C. 324 Bu/lb
A. 514.3 kJkg C. 32445 kJ/kg
B 244 BtuAbb D. 324 Buib
B. 435.56 kJ/kg D. 455.56 kJ/kg
Seluion
Solutan
From no. 22. = 16.3 = 17
Solving for Ta Solving forT
Q-mCp(TT) where T 20+ 273= 293 K
392 (1)(0.24T,T,)
T T 1600T
T= (530 R)17)**=1646.1R 293 K 102
T 486.12K
T 725+273 998 K
So,
Q,= mCp(T,-T)
392 =(0)(0.24)T -1646.1°R)
T,= 3279.43°R

0.
9.-001.00(99486.12K)
Q 511.885 k3/kg
3199
Ans. A
Then,
29. An ideal Joule cyce using air operates with a maximum pressure of
net 600 kPa abs and a maximum tenperature of 725 C. At the beginning of
the isentropic copression process, the pressure is 102 kPa abs and the
temperature is 20C. Calculate the heat rejected
1.99-
Wnel 1-
392 Btu/lb
A. 424.6 kJ/kg C. 310.0 kJ/kg
B. 423.5 kJ/kg
(1714199-1)] D. 342.5 kJ/kg
Wnet 244.43 Btu/ib olCakion:
Ans B
trom prob. no.28:
25. A Diesel cycle has a peak pressure of 745 psia. The conditions at the T- 293 K
beginning of the compression are 15 psia and 53%0° R. Heat udded to the T= 486.12 K
cycle is found to be 392 Bu/lb. Assuming constant specific heat find the
T 998 K
cutoff ratio. 9=p(T T,)
A. 1.34 to I| C. 3.2 to Solving fo ,
B. 19 to
Q =(10KJ/kg-K)(601.53 -293 K)
D. L.3to3
Q= 308.53J/kg
Slaion P AR
From no. 24 r= 199 998 1
T 102
Ans. B
T 6l01.53K
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30. An ideal Joule cycle using air operates with a maximum pressure of 600
kPa abs and a maximum temperature of 725 C. At the beginning of the 34. An Otto cycle, witha 7 to 1 compression ratio, has 320 Btu/lb
isentropic compression process, the pressure is 102 kPa abs and the
of heat
supply. At the beginning of the compression process the pressure and
temperature is 20 C. Calculate the thermal efficiency of the cycle: temperature are 14.7 psia and 60°F. Assuming constant specific heat
A. 32.5 % C. 39.7% calculate the thermal efficiency.
B. 12.5 % D. 43.5 % A. 54% C. 24%
B. 51% D. 63 %
Solution:
Selutie

Refer to 28 & 29 for Q, and Q

e0.5408 54.08%
9511.885
Q308.53 Ans. A
35. An insulated rigid tank initially contains 1.5 lb of helium at 80 F and 50
308.550.3973
e 11.85 39.73% psia. A paddle wheel with power rating of 0.02 hp is operated within the
tank for 30 min. Determine the final temperature.
Ans. C A.159.22°F C.102.79"F
B.235.58F D. 189.220F
31. An Otto cycle, with a 7 to I compression ratio, has 320 Btulb of heat
supply. At the beginning of the compression process the pressure and Slion
temperature are 14.7 psia and 60°F. Assuming constant specific heat,
calculate the peak temperature.
A. 2542 °F C. 1342°F W=mC,(,-,) where: Cv=
B. 3424 °F D. 4314°F

Setulien
(0.02 hp)(30 min)h-min15 1.667-1 lb-F
TUTE
W INST 102.79°F

T 60+ 460 = 520°R

Ans. C
Solving for Ty
36. An OTTO Engine has a clearance volume of 7%. It produces 300 kW
T-Ta of power. What is the amount of heat rejected in kW?
T 520(7)= 1132.51°R A. 170 C. 152
B. 160 D. 145
Then.
Qmc,(7,-T) Saluieni

32000.17 T11325i)'* e
T 3003.86°R 460 2543.86°F
Solving for
Ans.A
32. An Oto cycle, with a 7 to I compression ratio, has 320 Btu/lb of heat 5.29
Supply, At the beginning of the compression process the pressure and 0.07

temperature are 14.7 psia and 60°F. Assuming constant specific heat, 300 kW
I--
calculate the peak pressure: Q 15.29
A. 343 psi C. 595 psi Q 451.78 &w
B. 675 psi D. 571 psi
-W= 451.78- 300 = 151.78 kW

Soliom: Ans.C
P P=(14.7 psia)(7)
P= 224.11 psia
C 37. Gas initially at a pressure of 101.325 kPa and temperature of 60°C
undergoes the following cycle.
Solving for PB 1-2 Adiabatic compression through compression ratio of 4.5:1.
2-3 Heating at constant volume through a pressure ratio of 1.35:1.
3-4 Constant entropy expansion to initial pressure
4-1 Constant pressure cooling to initial volume
224.11 psia If Cp 1 kJ/kg-K and Cv = 0.678 kJ/kg-K for the gas, determine the
1132.51°R 3003.86 R thermal efficiency of the cycle.
P= 594.42 psia peak
A 41.41% C. 43.43 %
Ans. C B. 39.39% D. 45.45 %
33. An Otto cycle, with a 7to I compression ratio, has 320 Btu/lb of heat
supply. At the beginning of the compressian process the pressure and Selsien
temperature are 14.7 psia and 60°F. Assuming constant specific heat At PLI
calculate the net work Btuib P= 101.325 kPa Solving for T:
A. 173 Btu/lb C. 131 Btu/lb
B. 234 Bt/lb
T 60+273 333 K
D. 241 Bu/b
RT 0.287(335)
Selukon: V 101.325 09432 m/kg
W=Q(e,) Solving fork: = (4.5)T
333 K
where:
T= 540.51 K
Cv 0.678
e1=k
1- 0.5408
WQ (05408) 173.07Btu/lb
A
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Solving for T,:

= 1.35 2500 kPa
540.51 Pa= 3500 kPa
T- 730 K
Solving for T,: Ans. B
42. A heat engine is operated between temperature limits of 1370°C and
260°C. Engine is supplied with 14,142 kJ/kwh. Find the Camot cyce
T, P efficiency in percent.
where: A 70.10 C. 67.56
B. 65.05 D. 69.32

4501.39-. = 6.075
Seluti

=(6.075)
T
T 408.14 K e=1e=I-=1-260+273
1370+ 273
e 0.6756 67.56%
=
408.14-355=
Thus, e 1-( 730 -540.51
0.415 Ans.C
Ans. A
43. A Camot engine requires 35 k/s from the hot source. The engine
38. In an Otto cycle if the produces 1s kW of power and the temperature of the sink is 26°C. What
compression ratio is 5.5, what is the percent
clearance? is the temperature ofthe hot soure in °C?
A. 22.22% C. 19.64 % A. 245.57 C. 250.25
B. 31.11 % D. 25.34 % B. 210.10 D. 260.68

Seluien: Seleton:

c=0.2222 22.22% 5 kW 26+ 273

kw ,+273
Ans. A =250.25 °c
39. A Carnot power cycle employing 1 Ib of air as a working substance is
presumed to operate between temperature limits of 600°F and 70°F, The Ans.C
pressure at the beginning and end of the isothermal expansion process are 44. A reverse Carnot cycle requires 3 Hp and extracts energy from a lake
S10 psia and
efficiency. %.
170 psia. respcctively. Determine the the cycle thermal to heat a house. If the house is kept at 70°F and requires 2000 Btu per
minute, what is the temperature of the lake ?
25.4 % C. 32.1 %
A.
B. 50.0% D. 23.4 %
A. 35°F C. 39°F
B. 36°F D. 40°F

Selulion:
Seludon:
70+460
1 600460
e, 0.5 50.0%
2000Bu/min 70+460°R
Ans.E 3hp(42.4 Bu/min) 70 T
40. In an air-standard Ouo cycle, air enters at 104.7 kPa and 27°C. The T 36.292°F
compression ratio is 7:1. If the net work of the cycle is 120 kJ/kg
Ans.B
Calculate the hear supplied in kJkg?
A. 221.88 kJ/kg C. 188.22 kJkg
B. 122.88 kJkg D. 288.12 kJ/kg 45. Which of the following is the measure of the randomness of the
molecules of a substance?
Seltion: A. EnthalpPy C. Entropy
B. Internal energy D. Heal

Solukion

120g1A measure of randomnessentropy

A AnsC
QA 221.876kJ/kg 46. Both Stirling and Ericsson engines are
Ans. A A. internal combustian engines
B. exiernal combusion engines
41. In an ideal dual combustion cycle, what is the pressure at the beginning C. Carnot engines
of constant pressure combustion if the pressure raio is 1.4 and the D. Brayton engines
pressure at the beginning of the constant volume portion of combustion
is 2500 kPa. Solhor
A. 3000 kPa C. 3200 kPa
B. 3500 kPa D. 3600 kPa Sturing && Ericsson> ECE
Solken: Ans. B
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47.If an initial vohme of saturatod steam is expanded isothermally to twice 54.Oto cyce consists of
the nital vohume, the pesune A.Two isentropic and twoconstant voume processes
A rrases C. nceases B.Two isentropic and two constant pressure processes
B. halves D. dkoubles C. Two adiabatic and two isothermal processes
D. Two isothermal and two constant volume processes

Sletian

R-7,VPM-P:(2V)>P,=V2 Oto 2(s c)

= and 2(v =c)
AnsA
Ans.A
48. A diesel cyele has a cn off ratio of 2.5 and expansion ratio of 4.
Determine the clearance of the cycle. 55. When H:0 in the products of combustion is in liquid form, the heating
A. 10.11 C. 11.11% value is known as
B. 5.75 D. 13.14% A. higher heating value
B. lower heating value
C. low and medium heating value
D. average heating value
(25(4)= 10 Soltie
1 -0.1111=11.11%

-110-1 H,Oin liquid> HHV

Ans C AnsA
56. Which of the folkowing is the compression ratio of the engine using
49. In Stirling engine, the heat is added during Diesel oil?
A. isothermal process C. isometric process C. 12 to 18
A. 8 to 12
B. isobaric process D. isentropic process B. 12 to 14 D. 14 to 18
Selukon 7 I T

Selitian
,
Surling.Q > Isothermal
Compression ratio (diesel)-12 to 18
Ans.A Ans.C
50. Heat exchanger used to provide heat transfer betweenthe exhaust gases
and the air prior to its entrance to the combustor. 57. Which of the following is the compression ratio of the engine using
A. Evaporator C. Combustion chamber gasoline fuel?
B. Regenerator D. Heater A 8 to 12 C. 12 to 14
B. 14 to 18 D. 12 to 18
Seluen
Selehon
HEx (Exhaust gas&air) > Regenerator
Compression ratio (gas)8 to 12
Ans. B Ans. A
51. A constant volume combustion gas turbine operates on
A. Ericsson cycle C. Joule cycle S8. The products of complete combustion of gaseous hydrocarbons.
B. Brayton cycle D. Atkinson cycle A. Carbon dioxide and water
B. Carbon monoxide
Selion C. Carbon monoxide, water and ammonia
D. Water, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
V= C gas turbine

Ans.D Products ofcomplete combustion CO,& H,Oo

52. Exhaust sroke of gasoline engine is also known as

A.supercharging C. choking
Ans. A
B.scavenging D. knocking 59. An OTTO Engine has a clearance volume of 7%. It produces 300 kW
Slton of power. What is the amount of heat rejected in kW?
A. 170 C. 152
. 160 . 145
Exhaust stroke > scavenging
Seukon
B
53. The ideal cycle based on the concept that the combustion process is both
diesel and gasoline in he combination of heat uransfer processes that is
e
Constant pressure and constant volume.
A. Ericsson cycle C. Dual cycle Solvingfor
B. Brayton cycle D. Rankine cycle

SJLor
30X0k
5.2947
both desel and gas > Dual
4 5 1 . 7 8 kW
Ans 300 1S1 78 &W
R Wne451.78 - =

Aus 0
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60. In an air standard OT0 cyce, the elearance volume is 18% of the
displacement volume Find the thermal efficiency
A 0.52 . 0.53
B. 0.5 D. 0.60
(1.5)(1.654
Solkon
(10(15-1+15(1401.66.1))
Solving for e0.56856.8%

1 a6.56 Ans.D
.18
Then. 64. One kilogram of air at pressure and temperature of 101.325 kPa and
15°C initially, undergoes the following process in a cycle:
1-2 Isothermal compression to 202.65 kPa
6.564 2-3 Polytropic compression from 202.65 kPa to 405.30 kPa
3-1 Isentropic expansion from 405.30 kPa to initial condition.
e= 0.5286 52.86%
Calculate the heat transfer for process I to 2. Use R = 0.287 kJ/kg-K

Ans C and k
A. -
1.4 for air.
57.29 k C. 70.30 kJ
61. In an air standard Diesel cycle, compression starts at 100 kPa and 300 B. 30.21 kJ D. 100.50 kJ
is maximum cycle temperature is
Kthe compression ratio 16to 1. The
2031 K. Determine the thermal efficiency.
Solution:
A. 60.27 % C. 63.27 % Pt. Pt.2
B. 62.27 % D. 64.27 6 P 101.325 kPa T2= T 28K
P= 202.65 kPa
15+273 =288 K
Solen mR
2 mRTin
Solving for T T

(0.287)(288) (1)(0.287)(288) In101325

101.325 202.65
V0.8158m = -57.29 kJ

Ans.A
T,=(300 k)(16)*=909.43 K 65. Ericsson cycle has
T=2031 K

2031 A. Two isothermal and two constant pressure processes

So,
So.c 909.432.2333 B. Two isothermal and two constant volume processes
C. Two isothermal and two constant entropy process
Thus,
D. Two adiabatic, one constant volume and constant pressure processes

Salution:
T-1 Ericsson cycle (T= C)x 2&(P=C)x 2
e, 0.6028 60.28%
Ans. A
A
67. A Sirling cycle has
62. What is the final temperature after compression of a Dicesel eycle if the A. Two adhabatic and two constunt volume processes
initial temperature is 32°C and the clearance is 8%. B. Twa adiabatic and two constant pressure processes
C. Twa isothermal and two constant pressure processes
A. 863.84 K C.963.84 K D. Two isathermal and two constant volume processes
B. 763.84 K D. 663.84 K
Solukion:
Sdton
Stirling eycle(V=C)2x & (T=C) 2x

l=1 =135 As.D

68. In terus of QH (heat from high temperature source) and QL (heat to low
temperature sink), the net work of a Carnot cycle is:
A. W QH QL C. W = QL/QH - QL

T=(32+ 273 K)(13.5**=863.84 K B. W QH - QL D. W = QL - QH

AnsA Soluioni
63. An ldeal Dual Combustion cycle operates on 500 gran of air. At the WM-Q
beginningofthe compression, the air is at 100 kPa, 45°C. Iftp= 1.5, =
1.65, and rn = 10, detemine the cycle efficiency.
As A
69. The nmaximun themal efticieney that can be obtained un n ideal
A. 53.88 % C. 55.88 %
reversible heat engiue operuting between 1540°F and 340°F is closest to
B. 54.88 % D. 56.88 %
A. 100% C. 78%
sluon B. G0% D 40%

Soluk
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PRIMESSUPPLEMENTARY ENHANCERS(POWER CYCLES 1CE
e=1-L= |-40+400 75 An ideal chual combustion cycle operates on 0.60 kg of air. Find the cycle
efficiency ifthe compression ratio is 12. pressure ratio is I.6, cut-off ratio
H 1540+ 46
1.5 and k 1.3.
A. 40.71 9% C. 60.71 %
B. 50.71 % D. 45.71 %
Ans.B
70. A Carnot engine operating between 70°F and 2000°F is modified solely
Soletio
by raising the high temperature by 150°F and raising the low temperature
by 100°F. Which ofthe following statements is false?
A. therdynamic efticiency is increased.
B. more work is done during the isentropic compression.
more work is done during the isothemal expansion.
D. more work is done during the reversible adiabatic expansion.
-p(e-)
eI (1.0)1.
Selion
(1216-I+16(1.3)(15-1)]
e 0.505150.516
False statement > e, is increased Ans.B
Ans.A 76. All of the following mechanism can supply heat to a thermodynamic
System except
71. A Conduction
A Canot cycle heat
cngine
efficiency of approximately
operating between 1540°F and 440°F has an B. natural convection
A. 55% C.35% C. adiabatic expansion
B. 45% D.229% D. radiation

Seltion Solution
1 40+460
supplyheat except Adiabatic expansion
H 1540+460
0 S 5 55% Ans. C
Ans. A 77. One kilogram of a perfect gas (air) is used as a working substance in a

72. A Carnot cycle uses

Carmotpower cycle At the beginning of isentropic compression the
nitrogen (k= 1.399)asthe working suhstance. The temperature is 325.6 K and the pressure is 359.2kPa abs. The pressure at
heat supplied is 54 kl and the adiabutic expansionrutiois 10. Compute the end of isentropic compression is 1379.0 kPa abs. For this cycle. the
the heat rejected considering TL= 21°C. isothermal expansion ratio, (va/va). is 2. Calculate the heat rejected:
A. 10.45 kJ C. 30.3 kJ
B. 21.6 kJ D. 24.54 k
Seluton

T21+273=294 K=T4
Solving for TH

54k 738.5
294

OR 215 k A.95.1 kJkg C. 45.6 kikg

-(104
294
A B
B. 64.8 kJ/kg D. 109.7 kJkg

T=738.5 K
Selkon
73. A Canot cycle heat engine operates between 1540F and 409F and rejects
250. BTUNb to the low temperature reservoir or heatl sink. Maximum PL.1
entopy change in BTU/Nb°R of the working fluid for any prvcess in the
cycle is: T325.6 K mRT ((0.287)(325.6)
.0.50 359
B..0.25 D. 1.0
P 354 kPa M 0.26m/kg
lon: PL.2
P=1379 kPa
= 250Btu/lb Solving for T:
aT 40 +460°R
As = 05Btu/lb-°R

Ans.C
74. An inventor proposes to develop electrical power by withdrawing heat
from the geyser fields of nornhern Culifomia and converting it all to work 2 1379)
in power turbines. This scheme will not work because: 325.6K 359
A. the geyser fields have only a imited lifetime T 478.273 K
B. the salinity of the steam is t0o great
C. it violates the first law of thermodynamies
D.it violates the second law ofthennodynaics
Soluioni

No + work -> 2nd law violation

Ans D
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Solving for V, 81. At the beginning of the compression process in an ideal Diesel cycle the
pressure is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 6.54 ft'
The compression ratio for the cycle is I5, and the heat supplied is 188
Btu. At the end of the compression process the pressure is 665 psia and
359(026=1379(v,) the temperature is 11OR° F. Using constant specific heat, calculate the
maximum temperature in the cycle.
V,= 0.099m/kg A. 3245 °F C. 4344°F
B. 2675°F D. 3245°F

So.0 mRTn 002747273

kg-k
K)n(2) Solntioni
Solving for m,
95.14k/kg
=15 psia
Ans. A T70+460= 530 °R

77. One kilogram of a perfect gas (air) is used as a working substance in a V 6.54 f3
Camot power cycle. At the beginning of isentropic compression the
temperature is 325.6 K and the pressure is 359.2kPa abs. The pressure at
RmRT
the end of isentropic compression is 1379.0 kPa abs. For this cycle,.the
isothermal expansion ratio, (VsV:), is 2. Calculate the hermal (05 pio)654 53.342 (530°R)
bmR
efficiency of the cycle
A. 31.9% C. 37.6% m=0.5 Ibm
B. 45.7 % D. 45.6% Then.

Selelion: ,-mCp(T-T
188 Btu 05bm 0.24 T1108°F
From no.77:
(T,=478.273 K &T 325.6 K) bm-
2674.67°F
e=1-=1-325.6
T 478.273
Ans. B
e = 0.3192 31.92%
2 ALthe beginning of the compression process in an ideal Diesel cycle the
Ans. A pressure is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the voume is 6.54 ft.
78. A heat source supplies 2325 kJkg to a working ubstance in a closed
thermodynamics power cycle. The sink receives 1510 kJkg ofworking
The compression ratio for the cycle is 15, and the heat supplied is 188
Bru. At the end the compression process the pressure is 665 psia and
of
substance. The system pump requires 14 k/kg of substance pumped the temperature is 1108° F. Using constant specific heat, calculate the
What is the net work of the cycle? temperature at the end of the expansion process
A. 815 kJ/kg C. 120 kJkg A 1095°F C. 4533°F
B.900 kJ/kg D. 114 kJkg B. 939* F D. 874°F

Solulion Sellien
PL 2
Wnet 4-9R P 665 psia
2325 1510 =815kJ/kg P15 psia
530°R ,=l108°F
Ans. A
6.54 2
79. A heat source supplies 2325 kJ/kg to a working substance in a closed m 0.5 Ibm
thermodynamics power cycle. The sink receives 1S10 kkg of working
substance. The system pump requires 14 kJ/kg of substance pumped. 15 V= 0.436 f
What is the net work of the cycle? What is the themal efficiency of the V
cycle, % Pt.
A. 30% C. 459%
Pt:3 6.54n
B. 35.0% D. 24.5 %
Selion:
PP=665 psia k
2674.67°F
V
3
netA9R T T
2325-1510 =815kJ/kg 2674.67+ 460( 6.54
l+I
0436 t 4 t460 0.872
e, = =0.3505 35.05% 2674.67+460 1108 +460
2325 V=0.872 940.13°F
Ans AusB
80. A device produces 37.5 Joules per cycle. There is one power stroke per 83. At the beginning of the compression process in an ideal Diesel cycle the
cycle. Calculate the power outpul if the device is run at 45 rpm. pressure is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 6.54 t'.
A. 4.69 W C. 28.125 W is 188
B. 14.063 W D. 275.625 W TThecompresion rati0 tor the cycle is 15, and the heat suppied
Bu, Atuhe end of the compression process the pressur is 665 psia and
the emperature is 1108° F. Using constant specific heat. cakculate the
Slkor heal rejected
A. 74.3 Bu C. 12.6 Btu
B.234.5 Bu D 13.4 Bu
37 cycle e(
I rev 6 0 sec
28 12w

AnsC
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A. single acting engine

H. douhle incting engine
from no.82 m = 0.5 Ibm and from no.83 1, 940.13°F C. single expansion engine
D. double expansion engine
Btu
OR= (0.5 Ibm) 0.171 lbm-°R (940.13-70°R) Answer: A

OR 744 Btu 92. Which of the following types of engine where the expanding combustion
gases act on borh ends of the piston?
Ans.A A. single acting engine
B. double acting engine
84. At the beginning of the compression process in an ideal Diesel cycle the C. single expansion engine
pressure is 15 psia, the temperature is 70° F and the volume is 6.54 f D. double expansion engine
The compression ratio for the cycle is 15, and the heat supplied is 188 Answer: B
Bu. At the end of the compression proces the pressure is 665 psia and
93. is a device used for atomizing or cracking fuel oil and through which the fuel ol
the temperature is 1108° F. Using constant specific heat, calculate the net
is injected into the working cylinders of Diesel engines.
work of the cycle A. atomizer
A.l13.7 Btu C. 24.5 Btu
B.13.55 Btu D. 14.5 Btu
B. fuel spray nozzle
C. injector
D. cracker
Solulion Answer: A

94. In standard Diesel, thermal efficiency was not much higher than about what
WnetA0R percent
From no.84. QR= 74.4 Btu A. S %
B. %
net188 74.4 =113.6 Bu
C.440 %
D. 50 %
An A
Answer: A

85. Which
of the following is an automatic device used for keeping constant a 95. A closed henl exchanger that transfers heat from campressed air to cooler air.
pressure A. regenerator
A. relief valve
B. intercooler
B. unloader C. aftercooler
C. strainer D. reheater
D. baronmeter
Answer: C
Answer: B

86. What is the other term of the diameter of the circular cylinder ? 96. Which of the following is used to improve cold weather starting ?
A. poppet valve
A.
bore
B. stroke B.glowplug
C. check valve
Cswep volume D. spark plug
D. clearance
Answer: B
Answer: A
37. Wht du you call the maximum distance traveled by the piston ? 97. The rated power hat the manufacturer claims the engine is able to provide ona
bore
continuous basis without incuring damage.
B stroke A. brakepawer
B. continuous duty rating
Cwept volume C. intermittent raing8
D. clearance
D. power nating

Answer: B Answer: B

87. Which of the folkowing is the product of the cylinder area and stroke.
98. How hot are the exhaust gases?
A. 400 tu 700 F
A. bore
B. 300 to 600 F
stroke C. 200 to 500 F
C. swept volume
D. S00 to 800 F
D. clearance
Answer: A
Answer: C
99. What is the peak power rating that can be produced on an occasional basis?
A. brakepower
88. The ratio of the clearance volume to the swept volume.
B. continuous duty rating
A. fractional clearance
C. intermitteni rating
B. compression ratio
D. power raling
C. expansion ratio
D. cut off ratio Answer: C

Answer: A 00. Which of the following is the value of a property tha includes the etfect of
fniction?
89. The piston is at maximum reach from the crankshaft to which of the following? A. brake value
A. lop dead center B. frictian value
C. indicaed value
B. bottom dead center
C. 4 from top center D. actual value
D. % from bottom center
Answer: A
Answer: A
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90. The piston is closest to the crankshaft to which of the following? Elements(Terms) in Mathematics & Basic Engineering Sciences, Power &
A. top dead center Industrial Plant Engineering and Machine Design.
B. bottom dead center
C. A from top center
D. % from bottom center

Answer: B

91. Which of the following engines where the expanding combustion gases uct on one
end of the
pisiun