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Genetics Vocab Review

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Name_____________________________________________________________ Date________________________

Genetics Vocabulary
Directions: Match the term from the word bank to the
appropriate definition. Write the term in the space
provided.

Definition Term Definition Term


Process by which cells make proteins Production of offspring by a single parent

Building blocks of proteins Two parent cells join to form a new individual

Building blocks of nucleic acids DNA to RNA


Characteristics of an organism (such as eye
Trait displayed from a gene
color)
Diagram used to identify genotypes and Deoxyribonucleic acid; carries genetic
phenotypes of offspring information
Sex cells The shape of DNA; like a twisted ladder

Two different alleles The process by which DNA copies itself


The transfer of genes or pieces of DNA from
Gene composition
one organism to another
A tool that compares DNA images to determine
Body cells
relationships
A variety of a gene Compacted DNA
A section of a chromosome that codes for a
The expressed allele
trait
The expressed allele when no dominant allele is Ribonucleic acid; temporary copy of DNA used
present to make proteins
A group of 3 nitrogenous bases used as a code
Cell division where DNA is replicated
for an amino acid
The study of heredity RNA to an amino acid

Cell division where gametes are produced Two of the same alleles

Half the number of chromosomes; sex cells Complete number of chromosomes; body cells

A change in a gene or chromosome A cell formed from a haploid sperm and ovum

Allele DNA replication Genetics Mutation Sexual reproduction


Amino acids Diploid Genotype Nucleotides Somatic cells
Asexual reproduction Dominant Haploid Phenotype Traits
Chromosome Double helix Heterozygous Protein synthesis Transcription
Codon Gametes Homozygous Punnett square Translation
DNA Gene Meiosis RNA Zygote
DNA fingerprinting Genetic engineering Mitosis Recessive
© Science from the South 2020

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