SECTION 16051 Electrical System Protective Device Study

03-03M
SECTION 16051
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM PROTECTIVE DEVICE STUDY
SPEC WRITER NOTE: Delete between // -- //

if not applicable to project. Also delete
any other item or paragraph not applicable
in the section and renumber the
paragraphs.
This section shall be included in all
projects requiring major primary
replacement or modifications, large
hospital construction, and those projects
specifically requested by the Government.
The inclusion of this section does not
relieve the A/E of preparing short circuit
calculations and coordinating over current
devices. It's purpose is to assure that
the successful bidder's equipment will
perform as intended.
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 DESCRIPTION
A. This section specifies the requirements of the Electrical System
Protective Device Study.
B. A short circuit and coordination study shall be prepared for the
electrical overcurrent devices to be installed under this project to
assure proper equipment and personnel protection.
SPEC WRITER NOTE: Insert in the blank
space the limits of the study if less than
a complete study is required.
C. The study shall present an organized time-current analysis of each

protective device in series from the // individual device // // ____ //
back to the utility and the on-site generator sources. The study shall
reflect the operation of each device during normal and abnormal current
conditions.
1.2 RELATED WORK
A. Section 16050, BASIC METHODS AND REQUIREMENTS (ELECTRICAL): General
electrical requirements that are common to more than one section of
Division 16.
B. Section 16160, PANELBOARDS: Low voltage panelboards.
C. Section 16361, SWITCHGEAR, HIGH VOLTAGE (ABOVE 600 VOLTS): Primary
distribution switchgear.
D. Section 16362, SWITCHES, HIGH VOLTAGE (ABOVE 600 VOLTS): Primary
switches.
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E. Section 16462, DISTRIBUTION SWITCHBOARDS: Low voltage distribution

switchboards.
F. Section 16464, SWITCHGEAR, LOW VOLTAGE (600 VOLTS AND BELOW): Low
voltage switchgear.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. In accordance with Section 16050, BASIC METHODS AND REQUIREMENTS
(ELECTRICAL), submit the following:
B. Complete short circuit and coordination study as described herein.
C. Protective equipment shop drawings shall be submitted simultaneously
with or after the protective device study. Protective equipment shop
drawings will not be accepted prior to protective device study.
D. Certification: Two weeks prior to final inspection, submit four copies
of the following to the Resident Engineer:
1. Certification by the Contractor that the protective devices have been
adjusted and set in accordance with the approved protective device
study.
SPEC WRITER NOTE: Fill in the blank if no
high voltage equipment is involved.
1.4 QUALIFICATIONS
The protective device study shall be prepared by qualified engineers of
the // high voltage // // _________ // switchgear manufacturer or an
approved consultant. The Contractor is responsible for providing all
pertinent information required by the preparers to complete the study.
1.5 REQUIREMENTS
A. The complete study shall include a system one line diagram, short
circuit and ground fault analysis, and protective coordination plots.
SPEC WRITER NOTE: On small rehab-projects
modify the scope to describe the proper
extent of the study.
B. One Line Diagram:

1. Show, on the one line diagram, all electrical equipment and wiring to
be protected by the overcurrent devices installed under this project.
Clearly show, on the one line, the schematic wiring of the electrical
distribution system.
2. Also show on the one line diagram the following specific information:
SPEC WRITER NOTE: Insert in the blank
space the limits of the study if less than
a complete study is required.
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a. Calculated fault impedance, X/R ratios, and short circuit values

at // each bus // // _____ //.
b. Breaker and fuse ratings.
c. Generator kW and Transformer kVA and voltage ratings, percent
impedance, X/R ratios, and wiring connections.
d. Voltage at each bus.
e. Identification of each bus.
f. Conduit material, feeder sizes, length, and X/R ratios.
C. Short Circuit Study:
1. Systematically calculate the fault impedance to determine the
available short circuit and ground fault currents at each bus.
Incorporate the motor contribution in determining the momentary and
interrupting ratings of the protective devices.
2. The study shall be calculated by means of a computer program.
Pertinent data and the rationale employed in developing the
calculations shall be incorporated in the introductory remarks of the
study.
3. Present the data determined by the short circuit study in a table
format. Include the following:
a. Device identification.
b. Operating voltage.
c. Protective device.
d. Device rating.
e. Calculated short circuit current.
D. Coordination Curves:
1. Prepare the coordination curves to determine the required settings of
protective devices to assure selective coordination. Graphically
illustrate on log-log paper that adequate time separation exists
between series devices, including the utility company upstream
device. Plot the specific time-current characteristics of each
protective device in such a manner that all upstream devices will be
clearly depicted on one sheet.
2. The following specific information shall also be shown on the
coordination curves:
b. Voltage and current ratio for curves.
c. 3-phase and 1-phase ANSI damage points for each transformer.
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d. No-damage, melting, and clearing curves for fuses.

e. Cable damage curves.
f. Transformer inrush points.
g. Maximum short circuit cutoff point.
3. Develop a table to summarize the settings selected for the protective
devices. Include the following in the table:
b. Relay CT ratios, tap, time dial, and instantaneous pickup.
c. Circuit breaker sensor rating, long-time, short-time, and
instantaneous settings, and time bands.
d. Fuse rating and type.
e. Ground fault pickup and time delay.
1.6 ANALYSIS
A. Analyze the short circuit calculations, and highlight any equipment that
is determined to be underrated as specified. Propose approaches to
effectively protect the underrated equipment. Proposed major corrective
modifications will be taken under advisement by the Government, and the
Contractor will be given further instructions. Provide minor
modifications to conform with the study (Examples of minor modifications
are trip sizes within the same frame, the time curve characteristics of
induction relays, C.T. ranges, etc.).
B. After developing the coordination curves, highlight areas lacking
coordination. Present a technical evaluation with a discussion of the
logical compromises for best coordination.
1.7 ADJUSTMENTS, SETTINGS AND MODIFICATIONS
A. Necessary final field adjustments, settings and minor modifications
shall be made to conform with the protective device study without
additional cost to the Government.
B. All final circuit breaker and relay settings and fuse sizes shall be
made in accordance with the recommendations of the protective device
study.
- - - E N D - - -
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03-03M

SPEC WRITER NOTE: Delete between // -- //

C. The study shall present an organized time-current analysis of each

E. Section 16462, DISTRIBUTION SWITCHBOARDS: Low voltage distribution

B. One Line Diagram:

a. Calculated fault impedance, X/R ratios, and short circuit values

d. No-damage, melting, and clearing curves for fuses.

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