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    Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 2) - EEP

    Uploaded by

    Soe Min Tun
    This document continues a list of important electrical thumb rules and equations that electrical engineers must follow. It provides useful equations for sinusoidal current, phase difference, short circuit cable rating, earthing strip sizing, most economical voltage, cable voltage drop, transmission line spacing, lightning arrestor protection radius and sizing, system voltage, load factor, demand factor, diversity factor, plant factor, fusing factor, voltage and current variation, and fault level calculations. The equations are commonly used to design and analyze electrical systems and components.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 2) - EEP

    Uploaded by

    Soe Min Tun
    30 views2 pages
    This document continues a list of important electrical thumb rules and equations that electrical engineers must follow. It provides useful equations for sinusoidal current, phase difference, short circuit cable rating, earthing strip sizing, most economical voltage, cable voltage drop, transmission line spacing, lightning arrestor protection radius and sizing, system voltage, load factor, demand factor, diversity factor, plant factor, fusing factor, voltage and current variation, and fault level calculations. The equations are commonly used to design and analyze electrical systems and components.

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    Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 2) _ EEP

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    This document continues a list of important electrical thumb rules and equations that electrical engineers must follow. It provides useful equations for sinusoidal current, phase difference, short circuit cable rating, earthing strip sizing, most economical voltage, cable voltage drop, transmission line spacing, lightning arrestor protection radius and sizing, system voltage, load factor, demand factor, diversity factor, plant factor, fusing factor, voltage and current variation, and fault level calculations. The equations are commonly used to design and analyze electrical systems and components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views2 pages

    Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 2) - EEP

    Uploaded by

    Soe Min Tun
    This document continues a list of important electrical thumb rules and equations that electrical engineers must follow. It provides useful equations for sinusoidal current, phase difference, short circuit cable rating, earthing strip sizing, most economical voltage, cable voltage drop, transmission line spacing, lightning arrestor protection radius and sizing, system voltage, load factor, demand factor, diversity factor, plant factor, fusing factor, voltage and current variation, and fault level calculations. The equations are commonly used to design and analyze electrical systems and components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    11/10/2016 Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 2) | EEP

    Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (2)


    electrical-engineering-portal.com/electrical-thumb-rules-you-must-follow-part-2

    8/28/2013

    Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 2)

    Continued from first part: Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 1)

    Useful Electrical Equations


    For Sinusoidal Current: Form Factor = RMS Value/Average Value = 1.11
    For Sinusoidal Current: Peak Factor = Max Value/RMS Value = 1.414
    Average Value of Sinusoidal Current (Iav) = 0.637 x Im (Im = Max.Value)
    RMS Value of Sinusoidal Current (Irms) = 0.707 x Im (Im = Max.Value)
    A.C Current = D.C Current/0.636.
    Phase Difference between Phase = 360/ No of Phase (1 Phase=230/1=360°, 2 Phase=360/2=180°)
    Short Circuit Level of Cable in KA (Isc) =
    (0.094 x Cable Dia in Sq.mm) /√ Short Circuit Time (Sec)

    http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/electrical-thumb-rules-you-must-follow-part-2 1/2
    11/10/2016 Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 2) | EEP

    Max.Cross Section Area of Earthing Strip (mm2) = √(Fault Current x Fault Current x Operating Time of
    Disconnected Device ) / K
    K = Material Factor, K for Cu = 159, K for Al = 105, K for steel = 58 , K for GI = 80
    Most Economical Voltage at given Distance = 5.5 x √ ((km/1.6) + (kw/100))
    Cable Voltage Drop (%) =
    (1.732 x current x (RcosǾ+jsinǾ) x 1.732 x Length (km) x 100) / (Volt(L-L) x Cable Run.
    Spacing of Conductor in Transmission Line (mm) = 500 + 18 x (P – P Volt) + (2 x (Span in Length)/50).
    Protection radius of Lighnting Arrestor = √h x (2D-h) + (2D+L).
    Where h= height of L.A, D-distance of equipment (20, 40, 60 Meter), L=V x t (V=1m/ms, t=Discharge Time).
    Size of Lightning Arrestor = 1.5x Phase to Earth Voltage or 1.5 x (System Voltage/1.732).
    Maximum Voltage of the System = 1.1xRated Voltage (Ex. 66KV = 1.1 × 66 = 72.6KV)
    Load Factor = Average Power/Peak Power
    If Load Factor is 1 or 100% = This is best situation for System and Consumer both.
    If Load Factor is Low (0 or 25%) = you are paying maximum amount of KWH consumption. Load Factor may be
    increased by switching or use of your Electrical Application.
    Demand Factor = Maximum Demand / Total Connected Load (Demand Factor <1)
    Demand factor should be applied for Group Load
    Diversity Factor =
    Sum of Maximum Power Demand / Maximum Demand (Demand Factor >1)
    Diversity factor should be consider for individual Load
    Plant Factor (Plant Capacity) = Average Load / Capacity of Plant
    Fusing Factor = Minimum Fusing Current / Current Rating (Fusing Factor>1).
    Voltage Variation (1 to 1.5%) = ((Average Voltage – Min Voltage) x 100)/Average Voltage
    Ex: 462V, 463V, 455V, Voltage Variation= ((460 – 455) x 100)/455 = 1.1%.
    Current Variation (10%) = ((Average Current – Min Current) x 100)/Average Current
    Ex: 30A,35A,30A, Current Variation = ((35-31.7) x 100)/31.7 = 10.4%
    Fault Level at TC Secondary
    = TC (VA) x 100 / Transformer Secondary (V) x Impedance (%)
    Motor Full Load Current = Kw /1.732 x KV x P.F x Efficiency

    http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/electrical-thumb-rules-you-must-follow-part-2 2/2

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