Grammar Lesson n4

# Grammar Lesson 文法レッスン Grammar Meaning
1 aida 間（あいだ） while; during; between

2 aida ni 間に（あいだに） while/during~ something happened
3 amari~nai あまり～ない not very, not much ~
4 ato de 後で（あとで） after~; later
5 ba ば conditional form; If [A] then [B]
6 baai wa 場合は（ばあいは） in the event of; in the case that
7 bakari ばかり only; nothing but ~
8 dake de だけで just by; just by doing
9 dasu 出す（だす） to begin to; to start to; to burst into; ... out (e.g. to jump out, to
carry out)
10 de gozaimasu でございます to be (honorific)
11 demo でも ... or something; how about~
12 dewa nai ka ではないか right?; isn't it?
13 ga hitsuyou が必要（がひつよう） need; necessary
14 ga suru がする to smell; hear; taste
15 gari がり personality (someone tends to; has a tendency to; has a
sensitivity to ~)
16 garu / gatteiru がる / がっている to show signs of; to appear; to feel, to think ~
17 gozaimasu ございます to be, to exist (the polite form of いる/ある)
18 hajimeru 始める（はじめる） to start; to begin to ~
19 hazu da はずだ it must be; it should be (expectation)
20 hazu ga nai はずがない cannot be (impossible)
21 hitsuyou ga aru 必要がある（ひつようがあ need to; it is necessary to
る）
22 ikou kei - volitional 意向形（いこうけい） volitional form; let's do ~
form
23 irassharu いらっしゃる to be; to come; to go (polite version)
1
24 itashimasu いたします to do (polite form of する)
25 janai ka じゃないか right? isn't it? let's~; confirmation
26 ka dou ka かどうか whether or not ~
27 ka shira かしら I wonder~
28 kai かい turns a sentence into a yes/no question
29 kamo shirenai かもしれない might; perhaps; indicates possibility
30 kana かな I wonder; should I?
31 kara tsukuru から作る（からつくる） made from; made with
32 kitto きっと surely; undoubtedly; almost certainly; most likely
33 koro / goro 頃（ころ / ごろ） around; about; when
34 koto こと Verb nominalizer
35 koto ga aru ことがある there are times when
36 koto ga dekiru ことができる can; able to
37 koto ni naru ことになる It has been decided that..; it turns out that..
38 koto ni suru ことにする to decide on
39 ku suru くする to make something ~
40 kyuu ni 急に（きゅうに） quickly; immediately; hastily; suddenly; abruptly;
unexpectedly ~

41 made ni までに by; by the time; indicates time limit
42 mama まま as it is; current state; without changing ~
2
43 matawa または both; or; otherwise; choice between [A] or [B]
44 mitai da みたいだ like, similar to, resembling
45 mitai na みたいな like, similar to ~
46 mitai ni みたいに like; similar to ~
47 mo も as many as; as much as; up to; nearly ~
48 na な don’t ~ (order somebody to not do something)
49 nado など such as, things like ~
50 nagara ながら while; during; as; simultaneously
51 nakanaka~nai なかなか～ない not easy to; struggling to; not able to ~
52 nakereba ikenai なければいけない must do something; have to do something
53 nakereba naranai なければならない must do something; have to do something
54 nara なら if; in the case that ~
55 nasai なさい do this (soft/firm command)
56 nasaru なさる to do (honorific)
57 ni ki ga tsuku に気がつく（にきがつく） to notice; to realize
58 ni mieru に見える（にみえる） to look; to seem; to appear
59 ni suru にする to make something ~
60 nikui にくい difficult to do ~
61 no naka de の中で（のなかで） in; among ~
62 noni のに although, in spite of, even though ~
63 noni のに to (do something); in order to ~
64 nowa~da のは〜だ [A] is [B]; the reason for [A] is [B]
65 o~kudasai お～ください please do (honorific)
66 o~ni naru お～になる to do (honorific)
67 oki ni おきに repeated at intervals, every ~
68 owaru 終わる（おわる） to finish; to end~
69 rareru られる potential form; ability or inability to do something
3
70 rashii らしい it seems like; I heard; apparently ~
71 sa さ -ness ; nominalizer for adjective
72 sakki さっき some time ago; just now
73 saserareru させられる causative-passive; to be made to do something
74 saseru させる causative form; to make/let somebody do something
75 sasete kudasai させてください please let me do
76 sasuga さすが as one would expect; as is to be expected; even ~
77 shi し and; and what’s more ~ (emphasis)
78 sonna ni そんなに so much; so; like that
79 sore demo それでも but still; and yet; even so ~
80 sore ni それに besides; in addition; also; moreover ~
81 sou da [1] そうだ I heard that; it is said that~
82 sou da [2] そうだ looks like; appears like; seeming ~
83 sou ni / sou na そうに / そうな seems like; looks like ~
84 ta bakari たばかり just finished; something just occurred
85 ta tokoro たところ just finished doing, was just doing
86 tadoushi & 他動詞 & 自動詞（たどうし & じどう Transitive & Intransitive Verbs
jidoushi し）
87 tagaru たがる wants to do ~ (third person)
88 tara たら if; after; when ~
89 tara dou たらどう why don't you (used to give advice)
90 tara ii desu ka たらいいですか what should I do?; speaker seeking instructions from
listener
91 te / de て/で conjunctive particle; so; because of [A], [B]...
92 te ageru てあげる to do for; to do a favor
93 te hoshii てほしい I want you to; need you to ~
4
94 te iku ていく to start; to continue; to go on
95 te ita ていた was doing something (past continuous)
96 te itadakemasen ka ていただけませんか could you please ~
97 te kureru てくれる to do a favor; do something for someone
98 te kuru てくる to do… and come back; to become; to continue; to
start ~
99 te miru てみる try doing
10 te morau てもらう to get somebody to do something
0
10 te oku ておく to do something in advance
1
10 te shimau / chau てしまう / ちゃう to do something by accident, to finish completely
2
10 te sumimasen てすみません I’m sorry for
3
10 te yaru てやる to do for; to do a favor (casual)
4
10 te yokatta てよかった I’m glad that ~
5
10 teiru tokoro ているところ in the process of doing
6
10 temo ても even; even if; even though ~
7
10 to と whenever [A] happens, [B] also happens
8
10 to ittemo ii と言ってもいい（といってもいい） you could say; one might say; I'd say ~
9
11 to iu という called; named; that ~
5
0
11 to iu koto ということ convert phrase into noun
1
11 to iwarete iru と言われている（といわれている） it is said that ~
2
11 to kiita と聞いた（ときいた） I heard...
3
11 to omou と思う（とおもう） to think…; I think…; you think…
4
11 toka~toka とか～とか among other things; such as; like ~
5
11 tokoro ところ just about to; on the verge of doing something
6
11 tsuzukeru 続ける（つづける） continue to; keen on ~
7
11 tte って named; called ~
8
11 ukemi kei 受身形（うけみけい） passive form; passive voice
9
12 wa~ga... wa は〜が… は [A] but [B]; however; comparison
0

121 yasui やすい easy to; likely to; prone to; have a tendency to ~
122 yatto やっと at last; finally; barely; narrowly ~
123 yori より than; rather than; more than ~
124 yotei da 予定だ（よていだ） plan to, intend to
125 you da ようだ appears; seems; looks as if ~
6
126 you ni / you na ように / ような like; as; similar to ~
127 you ni naru ようになる to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into ~
128 you ni suru ようにする to try to; to make sure that ~
129 you to omou ようと思う（ようとおもう） thinking of doing; planning to ~
130 zehi ぜひ by all means; certainly; definitely ~
131 zenzen~nai 全然～ない（ぜんぜん～ない） (not) at all
132 zurai づらい difficult to do ~
# Kanji Onyomi Kunyomi Kanji Meaning

1 会 kai a(u) meeting; meet
カイあ(う)
2 同 dou onaji same, agree, equal
ドウおな(じ)
3 事 ji koto matter, thing, fact, business, reason, possibly
ジこと
4 自 ji, shi mizuka(ra) oneself
ジ、シみずか(ら)
7
5 社 sha yashiro company, firm, office, association, shrine
シャやしろ
6 発 hatsu, hotsu departure, discharge, emit, start from
ハツ、ホツ
7 者 sha mono someone, person
シャもの
8 地 chi, ji ground, earth
チ、ジ
9 業 gyou waza business, vocation, arts, performance
ギョウわざ
10 方 hou kata direction, person, alternative
ホウかた
8
11 新 shin atara(shii), ara(ta) new
シンあたら(しい)、あら(た)
12 場 jou ba location, place
ジョウば
13 員 in employee, member, number, the one in

charge
イン
14 立 ritsu ta(tsu) stand up, rise
リツた(つ)
15 開 kai hira(ku), a(keru) open, unfold, unseal
カイひら(く)、あ(ける)
16 手 shu te hand
シュて
9
17 力 ryoku, riki chikara power, strength, strong, strain, bear up, exert
リョク、リキちから
18 問 mon to(u) question, ask, problem
モンと(う)
19 代 dai ka(wari) substitute, change, convert, replace, period
ダイか(わり)
20 明 mei, myou aka(rui) bright, light
メイ、ミョウあか(るい)
21 動 dou ugo(ku) move, motion, change
ドウうご(く)
22 京 kyou, kei, kin miyako capital
キョウ、ケイ、キみやこ

ン
10
23 目 moku, boku me eye, class, look, insight, experience
モク、ボクめ
24 通 tsuu too(ru), kayo(u) traffic, pass through, avenue, commute
ツウとお(る)、かよ(う)
25 言 gen, gon i(u), koto say, word
ゲン、ゴンい（う）、こと
26 理 ri logic, arrangement, reason, justice, truth
27 体 tai karada body, substance, object, reality
タイからだ
28 田 den ta rice field, rice paddy
デンた
11
29 主 shu nushi, omo lord, chief, master, main thing, principal
シュぬし、おも
30 題 dai topic, subject
ダイ
31 意 i idea, mind, heart, taste, thought
32 不 fu, bu negative, non-, bad
フ、ブ
33 作 saku, sa tsuku(ru) make, production, prepare, build
サク、サつく(る)
34 用 you mochi(iru) utilize, business, service, use, employ
ヨウもち(いる)
12
35 度 do, taku tabi, ta(i) degrees, occurrence, time, counter for
occurrences
ド、タクたび、た(い)
36 強 kyou, gou tsuyo(i) strong
キョウ、ゴウつよ(い)
37 公 kou public, prince, official, governmental
コウ
38 持 ji mo(tsu) hold, have
ジも(つ)
39 野 ya no plains, field, rustic, civilian life
ヤの
40 以 i mo(tte) by means of, because, in view of, compared

with
イもっ(て)
13
41 思 shi omo(u) think
シおも(う)
42 家 ka ie, ya, uchi house, home, family, professional, expert
カいえ、や、うち
43 世 sei, se yo generation, world, society, public
セイ、セよ
44 多 ta oo(i) many, frequent, much
タおお(い)
45 正 sei, shou tada(shii), masa(ni) correct, justice, righteous
セイ、ショウただ(しい)、まさ(に)
46 安 an yasu(i) safe, peaceful, cheap
アンやす(い)
14
47 院 in institution, temple, mansion, school
イン
48 心 shin kokoro heart, mind, spirit
シンこころ
49 界 kai world, boundary
カイ
50 教 kyou oshi(eru), oso(waru) teach, faith, doctrine
キョウおし(える)、おそ(わる)
51 文 bun, mon fumi sentence, literature, style, art
ブン、モンふみ
52 元 gen, gan moto beginning, former time, origin
ゲン、ガンもと
15
53 重 juu, chou omo(i), kasa(neru) heavy, important, esteem, respect
ジュウ、チョウおも(い)、かさ(ねる)
54 近 kin chika(i) near, early, akin, tantamount
キンちか(い)
55 考 kou kanga(eru) consider, think over
コウかんが(える)
56 画 ga, kaku kaku(suru) brush-stroke, picture
ガ、カクかく(する)
57 海 kai umi sea, ocean
カイうみ
58 売 bai u(ru) sell
バイう(る)
16
59 知 chi shi(ru) know, wisdom
チし(る)
60 道 dou michi road-way, street, district, journey, course
ドウみち
61 集 shuu atsu(meru) gather, meet
シュウあつ(める)
62 別 betsu waka(reru), wa(keru) separate, branch off, diverge
ベツわか(れる)、わ(ける)
63 物 butsu, motsu mono thing, object, matter
ブツ、モツもの
64 使 shi tsuka(u) use, order, messenger, ambassador
シつか(う)
17
65 品 hin shina goods, refinement, dignity, article
ヒンしな
66 計 kei haka(ru) plot, plan, scheme, measure
ケイはか(る)
67 死 shi shi(nu) death, die
シし(ぬ)
68 特 toku special
トク
69 私 shi watakushi, watashi private, I, me
シわたくし、わたし
70 始 shi haji(meru) commence, begin
シはじ(める)
18
71 朝 chou asa morning
チョウあさ
72 運 un hako(bu) carry, luck, destiny, fate, transport
ウンはこ(ぶ)
73 終 shuu o(waru) end, finish
シュウお(わる)
74 台 dai, tai utena pedestal, a stand, counter for machines and

vehicles
ダイ、タイうてな
75 広 kou hiro(i) wide, broad, spacious
コウひろ(い)
76 住 juu, chuu su(mu) dwell, reside, live, inhabit
ジュウ、チュウす(む)
19
77 無 mu, bu na(i) nothingness, none, ain't, nothing, nil, not
ム、ブな(い)
78 真 shin ma, makoto true, reality, Buddhist sect
シンま、まこと
79 有 yuu, u a(ru) possess, have, exist, happen
ユウ、ウあ(る)
80 口 kou kuchi mouth
コウくち
81 少 shou suku(nai), suko(shi) few, little
ショウすく(ない)、すこ(し)
82 町 chou machi town, village, block, street
チョウまち
20
83 料 ryou fee, materials
リョウ
84 工 kou, ku, gu craft, construction
コウ、ク、グ
85 建 ken, kon ta(teru) build
ケン、コンた(てる)
86 空 kuu sora, kara, a(ku), su(ku), muna(shii) empty, sky, void, vacant, vacuum
クウそら、から、あ(く)、す(く)、むな

(しい)
87 急 kyuu iso(gu) hurry, emergency, sudden, steep
キュウいそ(ぐ)
88 止 shi to(maru), todo(maru), ya(meru), yo(su) stop, halt
シと(まる)、とど(まる)、や(める)、よ
21
(す)
89 送 sou oku(ru) escort, send
ソウおく(る)
90 切 setsu, sai ki(ru) cut, cutoff, be sharp
セツ、サイき(る)
91 転 ten koro(garu) revolve, turn around, change
テンころ(がる)
92 研 ken to(gu) polish, study of, sharpen
ケンと(ぐ)
93 足 soku ashi, ta(riru) leg, foot, be sufficient
ソクあし、た(りる)
22
94 究 kyuu research, study
キュウ
95 楽 gaku, raku tano(shii) music, comfort, ease
ガク、ラクたの(しい)
96 起 ki o(kiru), oko(su) wake up, get up; rouse
キお(きる)、おこ(す)
97 着 chaku ki(ru), tsu(ku) arrive, wear, counter for suits of clothing
チャクき(る)、つ(く)
98 店 ten mise store, shop
テンみせ
99 病 byou ya(mu) ill, sick
ビョウや(む)
23
10
0
質 shitsu, shichi tachi, tada(su) substance, quality, matter, temperament
シツ、シチたち、ただ(す)

101 待 tai ma(tsu) wait, depend on
タイま(つ)
102 試 shi kokoro(miru), tame(su) test, try, attempt, experiment
シこころ(みる)、ため(す)
103 族 zoku tribe, family
ゾク
104 銀 gin silver
ギン
105 早 sou, sa haya(i) early, fast
24
ソウ、サッはや(い)
106 映 ei utsu(ru), ha(eru) reflect, reflection, projection
エイうつ(る)、は(える)
107 親 shin oya, shita(shii) parent, intimacy, relative, familiarity
シンおや、した(しい)
108 験 ken verification, effect, testing
ケン
109 英 ei England, English, hero, outstanding
エイ
110 医 i doctor, medicine
111 仕 shi attend, doing, official, serve
25
112 去 kyo, ko sa(ru) gone, past, quit, leave, elapse, eliminate
キョ、コさ(る)
113 味 mi aji flavor, taste
ミあじ
114 写 sha utsuru copy, be photographed, describe
シャうつ(る)
115 字 ji character, letter, word
116 答 tou kota(eru) solution, answer
トウこた(える)
117 夜 ya yo, yoru night, evening
26
ヤよ、よる
118 音 on oto, ne sound, noise
オンおと、ね
119 注 chuu soso(gu), sa(su), tsu(gu) pour, irrigate, shed (tears), flow into, concentrate on
チュウそそ(ぐ)、さ(す)、つ(ぐ)
120 帰 ki kae(ru), kae(su) homecoming, arrive at, lead to, result in
キかえ(る)、かえ(す)
121 古 ko furu(i) old
コふる(い)
122 歌 ka uta, uta(u) song, sing
カうた、うた(う)
123 買 bai ka(u) buy
27
バイか(う)
124 悪 aku waru(i) bad, evil, wrong
アクわる(い)
125 図 zu, to haka(ru) map, drawing, plan, extraordinary
ズ、トはか(る)
126 週 shuu week
シュウ
127 室 shitsu muro room, apartment, chamber, greenhouse, cellar
シツむろ
128 歩 ho, bu aru(ku), ayu(mu) walk, counter for steps
ホ、ブある(く)、あゆ(む)
129 風 fuu, fu kaze, kaza- wind, air, style, manner
28
フウ、フかぜ、かざ-
130 紙 shi kami paper
シかみ
131 黒 koku kuro black
コクくろ
132 花 ka, ke hana flower
カ、ケはな
133 春 shun haru spring
シュンはる
134 赤 seki, shaku aka(i) red
セキ、シャクあか(い)
135 青 sei, shou ao(i) blue
29
セイ、ショウあお(い)
136 館 kan yakata building, mansion, large building, palace
カンやかた
137 屋 oku ya roof, house, shop, dealer, seller
オクや
138 色 shoku, shiki iro color
ショク、シキいろ
139 走 sou hashi(ru) run
ソウはし(る)
140 秋 shuu aki autumn, fall
シュウあき
141 夏 ka, ge natsu summer
30
カ、ゲなつ
142 習 shuu nara(u) learn
シュウなら(う)
143 駅 eki station
エキ
144 洋 you ocean, sea, foreign, Western style
ヨウ
145 旅 ryo tabi trip, travel
リョたび
146 服 fuku clothing, admit, obey
フク
147 夕 yuu evening
31
(none) ゆう
148 借 shaku ka(riru) borrow, rent
シャクか(りる)
149 曜 you weekday
ヨウ
150 飲 in no(mu) drink
インの(む)
151 肉 niku meat
ニク
152 貸 tai ka(su), kashi lend
タイか(す)、かし
153 堂 dou public chamber, hall
32
ドウ
154 鳥 chou tori bird, chicken
チョウとり
155 飯 han meshi meal, rice
ハンめし
156 勉 ben tsuto(meru) exertion, endeavor, effort
ベンつと(める)
157 冬 tou fuyu winter
トウふゆ
158 昼 chuu hiru daytime, noon
チュウひる
159 茶 cha, sa tea
33
チャ、サ
160 弟 tei, dai, de otouto younger brother
テイ、ダイ、デおとうと
161 牛 gyuu ushi cow
ギュウうし
162 魚 gyo uo, sakana fish
ギョうお、さかな
163 兄 kyou, kei ani elder brother
キョウ、ケイあに
164 犬 ken inu dog
ケンいぬ
165 妹 mai imouto younger sister
34
マイいもうと
166 姉 shi ane elder sister
シあね
167 漢 kan China
カン
# ごい Vocabulary Type Meaning

1 あ a Expression Ah; oh
2 ああ aa Adverb ah; yes
3 アフリカ afurika Noun, Katakana Africa
4 上がる agaru Verb, Godan to rise

verb, Intransitive
あがる verb
5 挨拶 aisatsu Noun, Suru verb to greet
35
あいさつ
6 味 aji Noun flavor; taste; uniqueness; attractiveness; experience
あじ
7 アジア ajia Noun, Katakana Asia
8 赤ちゃん akachan Noun baby; infant
あかちゃん
9 赤ん坊 akanbou Noun baby; infant
あかんぼう
10 アクセサリー akusesarii Noun, Katakana accessory
11 アメリカ amerika Noun, Katakana America
12 アナウンサー anaunsaa Noun, Katakana announcer
13 あんな anna Pre-noun such

adjectival
14 案内 annai Noun, Suru verb to guide
36
あんない
15 安心 anshin Noun, Adjective, peace of mind

な-adjective, Suru
あんしん verb
16 安全 anzen Noun, Adjective, safety; security

な-adjective
あんぜん
17 アルバイト arubaito Noun, Suru verb, part-time job

Katakana
18 アルコール arukooru Noun, Katakana alcohol
19 浅い asai Adjective, い- shallow

adjective
あさい
20 遊び asobi Noun playing
あそび
21 集まる atsumaru Verb, Godan to gather; to collect; to assemble

verb, Intransitive
37
verb
あつまる
22 集める atsumeru Verb, Ichidan to collect; to assemble; to gather

verb, Transitive
あつめる verb
23 謝る ayamaru Verb, Godan verb to apologize
あやまる
24 倍 bai Noun double
ばい
25 番組 bangumi Noun program (e.g. TV)
ばんぐみ
26 場所 basho Noun place
ばしょ
27 ベル beru Noun, Katakana bell
38
28 美術館 bijutsukan Noun art gallery; art museum
びじゅつかん
29 びっくり bikkuri Adverb, Suru to be surprised

verb
30 ビル biru Noun, Katakana building
31 僕 boku Pronoun I (used by males)
ぼく
32 貿易 boueki Noun, Suru verb trade
ぼうえき
33 部長 buchou Noun manager; head (chief, director) of a section or

department
ぶちょう
34 ぶどう budou Noun grapes
35 文学 bungaku Noun literature
ぶんがく
39
36 文化 bunka Noun culture
ぶんか
37 文法 bunpou Noun grammar
ぶんぽう
38 ちゃん chan Suffix suffix for familiar female person
39 チェック chekku Noun, Suru verb, to check

Katakana
40 血 chi Noun blood
41 力 chikara Noun energy; force; strength; might; power
ちから
42 地理 chiri Noun geography
ちり
40
43 中学校 chuugakkou Noun junior high school; middle school
ちゅうがっこう
44 注意 chuui Noun, Suru verb caution
ちゅうい
45 注射 chuusha Noun, Suru verb injection
ちゅうしゃ
46 駐車場 chuushajou Noun parking lot
ちゅうしゃじょ
う
47 大分 daibu Adverb considerably; greatly; a lot
だいぶ
48 大学生 daigakusei Noun university student; college student
だいがくせい
41
49 大事 daiji Adjective, な- important; serious; crucial
adjective
だいじ
50 大体 daitai Noun roughly
だいたい
51 暖房 danbou Noun, Suru verb heating
だんぼう
52 男性 dansei Noun man; male
だんせい
53 できるだけ dekiru dake Adverb, as much as possible

Expression
54 電報 denpou Noun telegram
でんぽう
55 電灯 dentou Noun electric light
でんとう
42
56 どんどん dondon Adverb rapidly; more and more
57 泥棒 dorobou Noun thief
どろぼう
58 動物園 doubutsuen Noun zoo; zoological gardens
どうぶつえん
59 道具 dougu Noun tool
どうぐ
60 枝 eda Noun branch
えだ
61 遠慮 enryo Noun, Suru verb reserve; refraining
えんりょ
62 選ぶ erabu Verb, Godan to choose

verb, Transitive
43
verb
えらぶ
63 エスカレーター esukareetaa Noun, Katakana escalator
64 ファックス fakkusu Noun, Suru verb, fax

Katakana
65 不便 fuben Noun, Adjective, inconvenience
な-adjective
ふべん
66 増える fueru Verb, Ichidan to increase

verb, Intransitive
ふえる verb
67 深い fukai Adjective, い- deep

adjective
ふかい
68 復習 fukushuu Noun, Verb, Suru review (of learned material); revision

verb
ふくしゅう
69 複雑 fukuzatsu Noun, Adjective, complexity; complication

な-adjective
44
ふくざつ
70 踏む fumu Verb, Godan to step on

verb, Transitive
ふむ verb
71 舟 fune Noun ship
ふね
72 降り出す furidasu Verb, Godan to start to rain

verb, Intransitive
ふりだす verb
73 布団 futon Noun Japanese bedding, futon
ふとん
74 太る futoru Verb, Godan to become fat

verb, Intransitive
ふとる verb
75 普通 futsuu Noun, Adverb usually
45
ふつう
76 ガラス garasu Noun, Katakana a glass
77 ガソリン gasorin Noun, Katakana gasoline; petrol
78 ガソリンスタン gasorin sutando Noun, Katakana petrol station

ド
79 ガス gasu Noun, Katakana petrol
80 原因 genin Noun, Suru verb cause
げんいん
81 下宿 geshuku Noun, Suru verb lodging
げしゅく
82 技術 gijutsu Noun art,technology,skill
ぎじゅつ
83 ごちそう gochisou Noun, Suru verb a feast
84 ごみ gomi Noun rubbish
46
85 ご覧になる goran ni naru Verb, Godan (respectful) to see

verb, Expression
ごらんになる
86 ご主人 goshujin Noun your husband; her husband
ごしゅじん
87 ご存じ gozonji Noun knowing
ごぞんじ
88 具合 guai Noun condition; health
ぐあい
89 葉 ha Noun leaves; leaf
90 拝見 haiken Noun, Suru verb seeing; looking at
はいけん
47
91 歯医者 haisha Noun dentist
はいしゃ
92 はっきり hakkiri Adverb clearly
93 運ぶ hakobu Verb, Godan to carry

verb, Transitive
はこぶ verb
94 花見 hanami Noun, Verb, Suru cherry blossom viewing; flower viewing

verb
はなみ
95 ハンドバッグ handobaggu Noun, Katakana handbag
96 反対 hantai Noun, Adjective, opposition

な-adjective, Suru
はんたい verb
97 払う harau Verb, Godan to pay

verb, Transitive
はらう verb
98 発音 hatsuon Noun, Suru verb pronunciation
48
はつおん
99 林 hayashi Noun woods; forest
はやし
10 恥ずかしい hazukashii Adjective, い- embarrassed

0 adjective
はずかしい

101 変 hen Noun, Adjective, strange; peculiar; weird
な-adjective
へん
102 返事 henji Noun, Suru verb reply; answer; response
へんじ
103 火 hi Noun fire
49
104 酷い hidoi Adjective, い- terrible; awful

adjective
ひどい
105 冷える hieru Verb, Ichidan to grow cold

verb, Intransitive
ひえる verb
106 髭 hige Noun beard
ひげ
107 非常に hijou ni Adverb extremely
ひじょうに
108 光 hikari Noun light
ひかり
109 光る hikaru Verb, Godan to shine

verb, Intransitive
ひかる verb
50
110 引き出し hikidashi Noun drawer
ひきだし
111 引き出す hikidasu Verb, Godan to withdraw

verb, Transitive
ひきだす verb
112 引っ越す hikkosu Verb, Godan to move house

verb, Intransitive
ひっこす verb
113 飛行場 hikoujou Noun airfield; airport
ひこうじょう
114 開く hiraku Verb, Godan to open; to undo; to unseal; to unpack

verb, Intransitive
ひらく verb, Transitive
verb
115 拾う hirou Verb, Godan to pick up

verb, Transitive
ひろう verb
116 昼間 hiruma Noun daytime; during the day
51
ひるま
117 昼休み hiruyasumi Noun lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period
ひるやすみ
118 久しぶり hisashiburi Noun, Adjective, after a long time

な-adjective
ひさしぶり
119 褒める homeru Verb, Ichidan to praise

verb, Transitive
ほめる verb
120 翻訳 honyaku Noun, Suru verb translation
ほんやく
121 星 hoshi Noun star
ほし
122 ほとんど hotondo Adverbial Noun mostly
52
123 法律 houritsu Noun law
ほうりつ
124 放送 housou Noun, Suru verb to broadcast
ほうそう
125 一度 ichido Noun once; one time; on one occasion
いちど
126 以外 igai Noun with the exception of; excepting
いがい
127 医学 igaku Noun medical science; medicine
いがく
128 いじめる ijimeru Verb, Ichidan to tease

verb, Transitive
verb
129 以上 ijou Noun, Adverbial ... and more; ... and upwards
Noun
53
いじょう
130 以下 ika Noun not exceeding
いか
131 意見 iken Noun, Verb, Suru opinion; view; comment

verb
いけん
132 生き物 ikimono Noun living thing
いきもの
133 生きる ikiru Verb, Ichidan to live

verb, Intransitive
いきる verb
134 以内 inai Noun, Suffix within
いない
135 田舎 inaka Noun countryside
54
いなか
136 祈る inoru Verb, Godan to pray

verb, Transitive
いのる verb
137 いっぱい ippai Noun, Adjective, full

な-adjective,
Adverb
138 色んな ironna Pre-noun various
adjectival
いろんな
139 石 ishi Noun stone
いし
140 急ぐ isogu Verb, Godan to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
verb, Intransitive
いそぐ verb
141 一生懸命 isshoukenmei Noun, Adverbial very hard; with utmost effort
Noun, Adjective,
いっしょうけんめいな-adjective
55
142 頂く itadaku Verb, Godan (humble) to receive

verb, Transitive
いただく verb
143 致す itasu Verb, Godan (humble) to do

verb, Transitive
いたす verb
144 糸 ito Noun thread
いと
145 ジャム jamu Noun, Katakana jam
146 字 ji Noun character
147 時代 jidai Noun period
じだい
148 事故 jiko Noun accident
56
じこ
149 事務所 jimusho Noun office
じむしょ
150 神社 jinja Noun Shinto shrine
じんじゃ
151 人口 jinkou Noun population
じんこう
152 人生 jinsei Noun human life
じんせい
153 地震 jishin Noun earthquake
じしん
154 辞典 jiten Noun dictionary
57
じてん
155 自由 jiyuu Noun, Adjective, freedom

な-adjective,
じゆう Expression
156 女性 josei Noun woman; female
じょせい
157 準備 junbi Noun, Suru verb to prepare
じゅんび
158 十分 juubun Noun, Adjective, enough; sufficient; plenty; adequate; satisfactory

な-adjective,
じゅうぶん Adverb
159 柔道 juudou Noun judo
じゅうどう
160 住所 juusho Noun address
58
じゅうしょ
161 カーテン kaaten Noun, Katakana curtain
162 壁 kabe Noun wall
かべ
163 課長 kachou Noun section manager; section chief
かちょう
164 帰り kaeri Noun return; coming back
かえり
165 変える kaeru Verb, Ichidan to change; to transform

verb, Transitive
かえる verb
166 科学 kagaku Noun science
かがく
59
167 鏡 kagami Noun mirror
かがみ
168 海岸 kaigan Noun coast
かいがん
169 会議 kaigi Noun, Verb, Suru meeting; conference; session; assembly

verb
かいぎ
170 会議室 kaigishitsu Noun conference room; conference hall; council room
かいぎしつ
171 会場 kaijou Noun assembly hall; meeting place; venue; grounds
かいじょう
172 会話 kaiwa Noun, Verb, Suru conversation

verb
かいわ
173 火事 kaji Noun fire
60
かじ
174 格好 kakkou Noun appearance
かっこう
175 構う kamau Verb, Godan verb to mind
かまう
176 髪 kami Noun hair
かみ
177 噛む kamu Verb, Godan to bite,to chew

verb, Transitive
かむ verb
178 家内 kanai Noun (my) wife; inside the home; one's family
かない
179 必ず kanarazu Adverb always; certainly
61
かならず
180 悲しい kanashii Adjective, い- sad

adjective
かなしい
181 考える kangaeru Verb, Ichidan to think

verb, Transitive
かんがえる verb
182 看護婦 kangofu Noun female nurse
かんごふ
183 関係 kankei Noun, Suru verb relationship
かんけい
184 彼女 kanojo Pronoun she; her
かのじょ
185 簡単 kantan Noun, Adjective, simple; easy

な-adjective
62
かんたん
186 彼 kare Pronoun he; him; his
かれ
187 彼ら karera Pronoun they; them
かれら
188 形 katachi Noun shape
かたち
189 片付ける katadzukeru Verb, Ichidan to tidy up

verb, Transitive
かたづける verb
190 硬い katai Adjective, い- hard

adjective
かたい
191 勝つ katsu Verb, Godan to win

verb, Intransitive
63
verb
かつ
192 乾く kawaku Verb, Godan to get dry

verb, Intransitive
かわく verb
193 代わり kawari Noun instead; in place
かわり
194 変わる kawaru Verb, Godan to change

verb, Intransitive
かわる verb
195 通う kayou Verb, Godan to commute

verb, Intransitive
かよう verb
196 飾る kazaru Verb, Godan to decorate

verb, Transitive
かざる verb
197 毛 ke Noun hair or fur
64
198 ケーキ keeki Noun, Katakana cake
199 怪我 kega Noun, Suru verb to injure
けが
200 計画 keikaku Noun, Suru verb to plan
けいかく

20 経験 keiken Noun, Suru verb to experience
1
けいけん
20 警察 keisatsu Noun police

2
けいさつ
20 経済 keizai Noun finance, economy

3
65
けいざい
20 見物 kenbutsu Noun, Suru verb sightseeing; visit

4
けんぶつ
20 喧嘩 kenka Noun, Suru verb to quarrel

5
けんか
20 研究 kenkyuu Noun, Suru verb research

6
けんきゅう
20 研究室 kenkyuushitsu Noun laboratory

7
けんきゅうしつ
20 消しゴム keshigomu Noun eraser

8
20 景色 keshiki Noun scenery
9
けしき
66
21 気 ki Noun spirit
0
き
21 厳しい kibishii Adjective, い- strict

1 adjective
きびしい
21 気分 kibun Noun feeling; mood

2
きぶん
21 機会 kikai Noun chance; opportunity

3
きかい
21 危険 kiken Noun, Adjective, danger

4 な-adjective
きけん
21 聞こえる kikoeru Verb, Ichidan to be heard; to be audible; to be said

5 verb, Intransitive
きこえる verb
21 決まる kimaru Verb, Godan to be decided
67
きまる verb
21 決める kimeru Verb, Ichidan to decide

7 verb, Transitive
きめる verb
21 君 kimi Pronoun You

8
きみ
21 気持ち kimochi Noun feeling

9
きもち
22 着物 kimono Noun kimono; Japanese traditional clothing

0
きもの
22 近所 kinjo Noun neighbourhood

1
きんじょ
22 絹 kinu Noun silk

2
68
きぬ
22 季節 kisetsu Noun season

3
きせつ
22 汽車 kisha Noun train

4
きしゃ
22 規則 kisoku Noun rule

5
きそく
22 子 ko Noun child
6
こ
22 心 kokoro Noun heart

7
こころ
22 国際 kokusai Noun international

8
69
こくさい
22 細かい komakai Adjective, い- small, fine

9 adjective
こまかい
23 米 kome Noun (husked grains of) rice

0
こめ
23 込む komu Verb, Godan to be crowded

こむ verb
23 今度 kondo Noun this time; next time

2
こんど
23 この間 kono aida Adverbial Noun the other day; recently

3
このあいだ
23 このごろ kono goro Adverbial Noun these days; nowadays

4
70
23 コンピュータ konpyuuta Noun, Katakana computer
5
23 コンサート konsaato Noun, Katakana concert
6
23 今夜 konya Noun this evening; tonigh
7
こんや
23 これから korekara Conjunction after this

8
23 故障 koshou Noun, Suru verb to break-down
9
こしょう
24 答え kotae Noun response

0
こたえ
24 小鳥 kotori Noun small bird

1
ことり
24 こう kou Adverb this way

2
24 校長 kouchou Noun principal; headmaster
3
71
こうちょう
24 講堂 koudou Noun auditorium

4
こうどう
24 郊外 kougai Noun suburb; residential area on the outskirt of a city

5
こうがい
24 講義 kougi Noun, Suru verb lecture

6
こうぎ
24 工業 kougyou Noun industry

7
こうぎょう
24 工場 koujou Noun factory

8
こうじょう
24 高校 koukou Noun senior high school; high school

9
72
こうこう
25 高校生 koukousei Noun high school student

0
こうこうせい
25 公務員 koumuin Noun government worker

1
こうむいん
25 高等学校 koutougakkou Noun high school

2
こうとうがっこう
25 交通 koutsuu Noun traffic

3
こうつう
25 怖い kowai Adjective, い- frightening

4 adjective
こわい
25 壊れる kowareru Verb, Ichidan to be broken

73
verb
こわれる
25 壊す kowasu Verb, Godan to break

6 verb, Transitive
こわす verb
25 首 kubi Noun neck

7
くび
25 下さる kudasaru Verb, Godan verb (respectful) to give

8
くださる
25 雲 kumo Noun cloud

9
くも
26 君 kun Suffix suffix for familiar young male

0
くん
26 比べる kuraberu Verb, Ichidan to compare

1 verb, Transitive
74
verb
くらべる
26 暮れる kureru Verb, Ichidan to get dark

くれる verb
26 草 kusa Noun grass

3
くさ
26 空気 kuuki Noun air

4
くうき
26 空港 kuukou Noun airport

5
くうこう
26 客 kyaku Noun guest; customer

6
きゃく
26 教育 kyouiku Noun, Suru verb education

7
75
きょういく
26 教会 kyoukai Noun church; congregation; Christian church

8
きょうかい
26 興味 kyoumi Noun interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
9
きょうみ
27 競争 kyousou Noun, Suru verb competition

0
きょうそう
27 急 kyuu Adjective, な- sudden; abrupt; unexpected

1 adjective
きゅう
27 急行 kyuukou Noun, Verb, Suru hurrying (to somewhere); rushing; hastening

2 verb
きゅうこう
27 間違える machigaeru Verb, Ichidan to make a mistake (in)

3 verb, Transitive
76
verb
まちがえる
27 参る mairu Verb, Godan (humble) to go; to come

まいる verb
27 負ける makeru Verb, Ichidan to lose

まける verb
27 漫画 manga Noun comic

6
まんが
27 間に合う maniau Verb, Godan to be in time (for)

まにあう verb
27 真ん中 mannaka Noun middle; centre; center

8
まんなか
27 周り mawari Noun around

9
77
まわり
28 回る mawaru Verb, Godan to go around

まわる verb
28 まず mazu Adverb first of all

1
28 召し上がる meshiagaru Verb, Godan to eat; to drink
2 verb, Transitive
めしあがる verb
28 珍しい mezurashii Adjective, い- unusual; rare

3 adjective
めずらしい
28 見える mieru Verb, Ichidan to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem

みえる verb
28 港 minato Noun harbour

5
みなと
78
28 味噌 miso Noun fermented condiment made from soybeans
6
みそ
28 見つかる mitsukaru Verb, Godan to be found; to be discovered

みつかる verb
28 見つける mitsukeru Verb, Ichidan to discover; to find; to come across; to detect; to spot
8 verb, Transitive
みつける verb
28 都 miyako Noun capital

9
みやこ
29 湖 mizuumi Noun lake

0
みずうみ
29 戻る modoru Verb, Godan to turn back

もどる verb
29 木綿 momen Noun cotton (material)
79
2
もめん
29 森 mori Noun forest

3
もり
29 もし moshi Adverb if; in case; supposing

4
29 申し上げる moushiageru Verb, Ichidan to say; to offer
5 verb, Transitive
もうしあげる verb
29 申す mousu Verb, Godan to be called; to say

6 verb, Transitive
もうす verb
29 もうすぐ mousugu Adverb, soon

7 Expression
29 迎える mukaeru Verb, Ichidan to go out to meet
8 verb, Transitive
むかえる verb
29 昔 mukashi Noun, Adverbial olden days, former

9 noun
80
むかし
30 向かう mukau Verb, Godan to head towards

むかう verb

301 無理 muri Noun, Adjective, impossible
な-adjective, Suru
むり verb
302 虫 mushi Noun insect
むし
303 息子 musuko Noun son
むすこ
304 娘 musume Noun daughter
むすめ
81
305 投げる nageru Verb, Ichidan to throw or cast away

verb, Transitive
なげる verb
306 泣く naku Verb, Godan verb to weep
なく
307 無くなる naku naru Verb, Godan to disappear; to get lost

verb, Intransitive
なくなる verb
308 亡くなる nakunaru Verb, Godan to die

verb, Intransitive
なくなる verb
309 生 nama Noun, Prefix raw
なま
310 直る naoru Verb, Godan to be fixed,to be repaired

verb, Intransitive
なおる verb
82
311 治る naoru Verb, Godan to be cured; to heal
verb, Intransitive
なおる verb
312 慣れる nareru Verb, Ichidan to get used to

verb, Intransitive
なれる verb
313 鳴る naru Verb, Godan to sound

verb, Intransitive
なる verb
314 なるほど naruhodo Adverb, now I understand

Expression
315 寝坊 nebou Noun, Verb, Suru sleeping in late; oversleeping
verb
ねぼう
316 値段 nedan Noun price; cost
ねだん
317 眠い nemui Adjective, い- sleepy

adjective
ねむい
83
318 眠る nemuru Verb, Godan to sleep

verb, Intransitive
ねむる verb
319 熱 netsu Noun fever
ねつ
320 苦い nigai Adjective, い- bitter

adjective
にがい
321 逃げる nigeru Verb, Ichidan to escape

verb, Intransitive
にげる verb
322 二階建て nikaidate Noun two-storied building
にかいだて
323 人形 ningyou Noun doll
にんぎょう
84
324 匂い nioi Noun a smell
におい
325 似る niru Verb, Ichidan to be similar

verb, Intransitive
にる verb
326 喉 nodo Noun throat
のど
327 残る nokoru Verb, Godan to remain

verb, Intransitive
のこる verb
328 乗り換える norikaeru Verb, Ichidan to change between buses or trains

verb, Transitive
のりかえる verb
329 乗り物 norimono Noun vehicle
のりもの
330 濡れる nureru Verb, Ichidan to get wet
85
verb, Intransitive
ぬれる verb
331 塗る nuru Verb, Godan to paint; to plaster

verb, Transitive
ぬる verb
332 盗む nusumu Verb, Godan to steal

verb, Transitive
ぬすむ verb
333 入学 nyuugaku Noun, Verb, Suru entry to school or university; enrollment

verb
にゅうがく
334 入院 nyuuin Noun, Verb, Suru hospitalization

verb
にゅういん
335 落ちる ochiru Verb, Ichidan to fall or drop

verb, Intransitive
おちる verb
336 踊り odori Noun a dance
86
おどり
337 驚く odoroku Verb, Godan to be surprised

verb, Intransitive
おどろく verb
338 踊る odoru Verb, Godan to dance

verb, Intransitive
おどる verb
339 お出でになる oide ni naru Verb, Godan (respectful) to be

verb, Expression
おいでになる
340 お祝い oiwai Noun, Suru verb congratulation
おいわい
341 お嬢さん ojousan Noun (another's) daughter
おじょうさん
342 可笑しい okashii Adjective, い- strange or funny

adjective
87
おかしい
343 行う okonau Verb, Godan to perform; to do; to carry out

verb, Transitive
おこなう verb
344 怒る okoru Verb, Godan to be angry

verb, Intransitive
おこる verb
345 起こす okosu Verb, Godan to wake

verb, Transitive
おこす verb
346 億 oku Numeric one hundred million
おく
347 屋上 okujou Noun rooftop
おくじょう
348 遅れる okureru Verb, Ichidan to be late

verb, Intransitive
88
verb
おくれる
349 贈り物 okurimono Noun present; gift
おくりもの
350 送る okuru Verb, Godan to send

verb, Transitive
おくる verb
351 お祭り omatsuri Noun festival
おまつり
352 お見舞い omimai Noun visiting ill or distressed people
おみまい
353 お土産 omiyage Noun souvenir
おみやげ
354 おもちゃ omocha Noun toy
89
355 思い出す omoidasu Verb, Godan to remember
verb, Transitive
おもいだす verb
356 表 omote Noun the front
おもて
357 オートバイ ootobai Noun, Katakana motorcycle
358 お礼 orei Noun thanks
おれい
359 折れる oreru Verb, Ichidan to break; to be broken

verb, Intransitive
おれる verb
360 下りる oriru Verb, Ichidan to get off

verb, Intransitive
おりる verb
361 折る oru Verb, Godan to break or to fold

verb, Transitive
おる verb
90
362 押し入れ oshiire Noun closet
おしいれ
363 仰る ossharu Verb, Godan (respectful) to say

verb, Transitive
おっしゃる verb
364 お宅 otaku Noun your home
おたく
365 音 oto Noun sound; note
おと
366 落とす otosu Verb, Godan to drop

verb, Transitive
おとす verb
367 お釣り otsuri Noun change (for a purchase)
おつり
91
368 夫 otto Noun husband
おっと
369 終わり owari Noun the end
おわり
370 親 oya Noun parents
おや
371 泳ぎ方 oyogikata Noun way of swimming
およぎかた
372 パート paato Noun, Katakana part; part time
373 パソコン pasokon Noun, Katakana personal computer
374 ピアノ piano Noun, Katakana piano
375 プレゼント purezento Noun, Katakana present; gift
376 冷房 reibou Noun, Suru verb air conditioning
92
れいぼう
377 レジ reji Noun, Katakana cashier
378 歴史 rekishi Noun history
れきし
379 連絡 renraku Suru verb to contact; to get in touch
れんらく
380 レポート repooto Noun, Katakana report
381 利用 riyou Noun, Verb, Suru use; utilization; application

verb
りよう
382 理由 riyuu Noun reason
りゆう
383 留守 rusu Noun, Suru verb absence
93
るす
384 旅館 ryokan Noun traditional inn; Japanese-style lodging
りょかん
385 両方 ryouhou Noun both sides
りょうほう
386 寂しい sabishii Adjective, い- lonely

adjective
さびしい
387 下がる sagaru Verb, Godan to get down

verb, Intransitive
さがる verb
388 探す sagasu Verb, Godan to look for

verb, Transitive
さがす verb
389 下げる sageru Verb, Ichidan to lower

verb, Transitive
94
verb
さげる
390 最後 saigo Noun end; last
さいご
391 最近 saikin Noun, Adverbial recently

Noun
さいきん
392 最初 saisho Noun, Adverbial beginning; first

Noun
さいしょ
393 坂 saka Noun slope; hill
さか
394 盛ん sakan Adjective, な- popularity; prosperous

adjective
さかん
395 昨夜 sakuya Noun, Adverbial last night

Noun
95
さくや
396 サンダル sandaru Noun, Katakana sandal
397 サンドイッチ sandoicchi Noun, Katakana sandwich
398 産業 sangyou Noun industry
さんぎょう
399 サラダ sarada Noun, Katakana salad
400 再来月 saraigetsu Noun, Adverbial month after next

Noun
さらいげつ

401 再来週 saraishuu Noun, Adverbial week after next
Noun
さらいしゅう
402 差し上げる sashiageru Verb, Ichidan to give

verb, Transitive
96
verb
さしあげる
403 騒ぐ sawagu Verb, Godan to make noise,to be excited

verb, Intransitive
さわぐ verb
404 触る sawaru Verb, Godan to touch

verb, Intransitive
さわる verb
405 生物 seibutsu Noun living thing
せいぶつ
406 政治 seiji Noun politics
せいじ
407 生活 seikatsu Noun, Suru verb to live
せいかつ
408 生命 seimei Noun life
97
せいめい
409 生産 seisan Noun, Suru verb production
せいさん
410 西洋 seiyou Noun the west; Western countries
せいよう
411 世界 sekai Noun the world
せかい
412 席 seki Noun seat
せき
413 線 sen Noun line
せん
414 背中 senaka Noun back (of body)
98
せなか
415 先輩 senpai Noun senior
せんぱい
416 戦争 sensou Noun, Suru verb war
せんそう
417 説明 setsumei Noun, Verb, Suru explanation

verb
せつめい
418 社長 shachou Noun company president; manager; director
しゃちょう
419 社会 shakai Noun society; public; community; the world
しゃかい
420 市 shi Noun city
99
421 試合 shiai Noun, Suru verb match,game
しあい
422 叱る shikaru Verb, Godan to scold

verb, Transitive
しかる verb
423 仕方 shikata Noun way; method
しかた
424 試験 shiken Noun, Suru verb examination
しけん
425 しっかり shikkari Adverb, Suru firmly; steadily

verb
426 島 shima Noun island
しま
100
427 市民 shimin Noun citizen
市民
428 品物 shinamono Noun goods; article; thing
しなもの
429 新聞社 shinbunsha Noun newspaper company
しんぶんしゃ
430 親切 shinsetsu Noun, Adjective, kindness

な-adjective
しんせつ
431 失敗 shippai Noun, Suru verb failure
しっぱい
432 調べる shiraberu Verb, Ichidan to investigate

verb, Transitive
しらべる verb
433 知らせる shiraseru Verb, Ichidan to notify
101
verb, Transitive
しらせる verb
434 下着 shitagi Noun underwear
したぎ
435 食料品 shokuryouhin Noun food; groceries
しょくりょうひん
436 小学校 shougakkou Noun elementary school
しょうがっこう
437 生じる shoujiru Verb, Ichidan to produce

verb, Transitive
しょうじる verb
438 紹介 shoukai Noun, Suru verb introduction
しょうかい
439 将来 shourai Noun, Adverbial future

Noun
102
しょうらい
440 小説 shousetsu Noun novel
しょうせつ
441 趣味 shumi Noun hobby; pastime; preference
しゅみ
442 習慣 shuukan Noun habit; custom; cultural practice.
しゅうかん
443 祖母 sobo Noun grandmother
そぼ
444 育てる sodateru Verb, Ichidan to rear,to bring up

verb, Transitive
そだてる verb
445 祖父 sofu Noun grandfather
103
そふ
446 ソフト sofuto Noun, Katakana soft
447 そんな sonna Pre-noun that sort of

adjectival
448 それで sore de Conjunction because of that
449 それほど sore hodo Adverb to that extent
450 そろそろ sorosoro Adverb gradually; soon
451 卒業 sotsugyou Noun, Suru verb graduation
そつぎょう
452 相談 soudan Noun, Suru verb to discuss
そうだん
453 素晴らしい subarashii Adjective, い- wonderful

adjective
すばらしい
454 滑る suberu Verb, Godan to slide; to slip
104
verb, Intransitive
すべる verb
455 凄い sugoi Adjective, い- terrific

adjective
すごい
456 水道 suidou Noun water supply
すいどう
457 水泳 suiei Noun, Suru verb swimming
すいえい
458 すっかり sukkari Adverb completely
459 空く suku Verb, Godan to be hungry

verb, Intransitive
すく verb
460 スクリーン sukuriin Noun, Katakana screen
461 隅 sumi Noun corner; nook
105
すみ
462 済む sumu Verb, Godan to finish

verb, Intransitive
すむ verb
463 砂 suna Noun sand
すな
464 すり suri Noun pickpocket
465 スーツケース sustsukeesu Noun, Katakana suitcase
466 進む susumu Verb, Godan to make progress

verb, Intransitive
すすむ verb
467 ステーキ suteeki Noun, Katakana steak
468 ステレオ sutereo Noun, Katakana stereo
469 捨てる suteru Verb, Ichidan to throw away

verb, Transitive
verb
106
すてる
470 数学 suugaku Noun mathematics; arithmetic
すうがく
471 スーツ suutsu Noun, Katakana suit
472 正しい tadashii Adjective, い- right; correct

adjective
ただしい
473 退院 tai'in Noun, Verb, Suru leaving hospital; discharge from hospital
verb
たいいん
474 台風 taifuu Noun typhoon
たいふう
475 タイプ taipu Noun type,style
476 たいてい taitei Noun, Adjective, usually

な-adjective,
107
Adverb
477 たまに tamani Adverb occasionally
478 棚 tana Noun shelves
たな
479 誕生 tanjou Noun, Suru verb birth
たんじょう
480 楽しみ tanoshimi Noun, Adjective, looking forward to

な-adjective
たのしみ
481 倒れる taoreru Verb, Ichidan to fall (over, down)

verb, Intransitive
たおれる verb
482 足りる tariru Verb, Ichidan to be sufficient; to be enough

verb, Intransitive
たりる verb
483 足す tasu Verb, Godan to add (numbers / something)

verb, Transitive
108
verb
たす
484 畳 tatami Noun Japanese straw mat
たたみ
485 建てる tateru Verb, Ichidan to build

verb, Transitive
たてる verb
486 訪ねる tazuneru Verb, Ichidan to visit

verb, Transitive
たずねる verb
487 尋ねる tazuneru Verb, Ichidan to ask

verb, Transitive
たずねる verb
488 手袋 tebukuro Noun glove
てぶくろ
489 丁寧 teinei Noun, Adjective, polite

な-adjective
109
ていねい
490 テキスト tekisuto Noun, Katakana text; textbook
491 適当 tekitou Noun, Adjective, suitable

な-adjective
てきとう
492 点 ten Noun point; dot
てん
493 店員 ten'in Noun employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk
てんいん
494 テニス tenisu Noun, Katakana tennis
495 天気予報 tenkiyohou Noun weather forecast
てんきよほう
496 展覧会 tenrankai Noun exhibition
110
てんらんかい
497 寺 tera Noun temple
てら
498 手伝う tetsudau Verb, Godan to help; to assist; to aid

verb, Transitive
てつだう verb
499 途中 tochuu Noun, Adverbial on the way

Noun
とちゅう
500 届ける todokeru Verb, Ichidan to send

verb, Transitive
とどける verb

501 特急 tokkyuu Noun limited express (train, faster than an express)
とっきゅう
111
502 床屋 tokoya Noun barber
とこや
503 特別 tokubetsu Noun, Adjective, special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional

な-adjective
とくべつ
504 特に tokuni Adverb particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
とくに
505 泊まる tomaru Verb, Godan to stay at

verb, Intransitive
とまる verb
506 止める tomeru Verb, Ichidan to stop something

verb, Transitive
とめる verb
507 遠く tooku Noun, Adverbial distant

Noun
とおく
112
508 通る tooru Verb, Godan to go through
verb, Intransitive
とおる verb
509 取り替える torikaeru Verb, Ichidan to exchange; to swap; to replace

verb, Transitive
とりかえる verb
510 到頭 toutou Adverb finally, after all
とうとう
511 続ける tsudzukeru Verb, Ichidan to continue; to keep up; to keep on

verb, Transitive
つづける verb
512 続く tsudzuku Verb, Godan to continue

verb, Intransitive
つづく verb
513 都合 tsugou Noun, Adverb convenience
つごう
514 捕まえる tsukamaeru Verb, Ichidan to catch
113
verb, Transitive
つかまえる verb
515 漬ける tsukeru Verb, Ichidan to soak; to pickle

verb, Transitive
つける verb
516 月 tsuki Noun moon
つき
517 付く tsuku Verb, Godan to be attached

verb, Intransitive
つく verb
518 妻 tsuma Noun (humble) wife
つま
519 連れる tsureru Verb, Ichidan to take (someone) with one

verb, Transitive
つれる verb
520 釣る tsuru Verb, Godan to fish

verb, Transitive
114
verb
つる
521 伝える tsutaeru Verb, Ichidan to report; to tell

verb, Transitive
つたえる verb
522 包む tsutsumu Verb, Godan to wrap

verb, Transitive
つつむ verb
523 腕 ude Noun arm
うで
524 植える ueru Verb, Ichidan to plant; to grow

verb, Transitive
うえる verb
525 動く ugoku Verb, Godan to move

verb, Intransitive
うごく verb
526 伺う ukagau Verb, Godan to visit

verb, Transitive
115
verb
うかがう
527 受ける ukeru Verb, Ichidan to take a lesson or test

verb, Transitive
うける verb
528 受付 uketsuke Noun reception (desk); information desk
うけつけ
529 生まれ umare Noun birth
うまれ
530 運転手 untenshu Noun driver; chauffeur
うんてんしゅ
531 裏 ura Noun reverse side
うら
532 嬉しい ureshii Adjective, い- happy

adjective
116
うれしい
533 売り場 uriba Noun selling area
うりば
534 嘘 uso Noun a lie
うそ
535 打つ utsu Verb, Godan to hit

verb, Transitive
うつ verb
536 美しい utsukushii Adjective, い- beautiful

adjective
うつくしい
537 移る utsuru Verb, Godan to move house or transfer

verb, Intransitive
うつる verb
538 写す utsusu Verb, Godan to copy or photograph

verb, Transitive
117
verb
うつす
539 ワープロ waapuro Noun, Katakana word processor
540 別れる wakareru Verb, Ichidan to separate

verb, Intransitive
わかれる verb
541 沸かす wakasu Verb, Godan to boil; to heat

verb, Transitive
わかす verb
542 沸く waku Verb, Godan to boil

verb, Intransitive
わく verb
543 笑う warau Verb, Godan to laugh; to smile

verb, Intransitive
わらう verb
544 割れる wareru Verb, Ichidan to break

verb, Intransitive
われる verb
118
545 割合 wariai Noun rate; ratio
わりあい
546 忘れ物 wasuremono Noun lost article
わすれもの
547 焼ける yakeru Verb, Ichidan to burn; to be roasted

verb, Intransitive
やける verb
548 焼く yaku Verb, Godan to bake; to grill

verb, Transitive
やく verb
549 役に立つ yakunitatsu Verb, Godan to be helpful

verb, Expression
やくにたつ
550 約束 yakusoku Noun, Suru verb promise
やくそく
551 止む yamu Verb, Godan to stop
119
verb, Intransitive
やむ verb
552 やっぱり yappari Adverb as I thought
553 優しい yasashii Adjective, い- kind

adjective
やさしい
554 痩せる yaseru Verb, Ichidan to become thin

verb, Intransitive
やせる verb
555 柔らかい yawarakai Adjective, い- soft

adjective
やわらかい
556 汚れる yogoreru Verb, Ichidan to get dirty

verb, Intransitive
よごれる verb
557 喜ぶ yorokobu Verb, Godan verb to be delighted
よろこぶ
120
558 寄る yoru Verb, Godan to visit; to drop by
verb, Intransitive
よる verb
559 予習 yoshuu Noun, Verb, Suru preparation for a lesson

verb
よしゅう
560 予定 yotei Noun, Suru verb plan
よてい
561 用 you Noun, Suffix business; task; errand; use; purpose
よう
562 用意 youi Noun, Verb, Suru preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready
verb
ようい
563 用事 youji Noun tasks; things to do; errand; business (to take care of)
ようじ
564 予約 yoyaku Noun, Suru verb reservation
121
よやく
565 湯 yu Noun hot water
566 指 yubi Noun finger
ゆび
567 指輪 yubiwa Noun finger ring
ゆびわ
568 夢 yume Noun dream
ゆめ
569 揺れる yureru Verb, Ichidan to shake

verb, Intransitive
ゆれる verb
570 残念 zannen Noun, Adjective, regrettable; unfortunate

な-adjective
122
ざんねん
571 全然 zenzen Adverb not entirely (used in a negative sentence)
ぜんぜん
悪 (aku): bad, evil

安 (an): relax, cheap
場 (ba): location, place
売 (bai): sell
買 (bai): buy
勉 (ben): strive, make effort
別 (betsu): separate
文 (bun): sentence, literature
物 (butsu): thing, object
病 (byou): ill, sick
茶 (cha): tea
着 (chaku): arrive, wear
123
地 (chi): ground, earth
知 (chi): know, wisdom
朝 (chou): morning, dynasty
町 (chou): town, village
鳥 (chou): bird, chicken
注 (chuu): pour, concentrate on

昼 (chuu): daytime, noon
代 (dai): substitute, change

題 (dai): topic, subject
台 (dai): pedestal, a stand
田 (den): rice field
度 (do): degrees
同 (dou): same, equal
動 (dou): move, motion
道 (dou): road-way, course
堂 (dou): public chamber, hall
映 (ei): reflection
英 (ei): England, hero
124
駅 (eki): station
不 (fu): negative, non-

服 (fuku): clothing, obey
風 (fuu): wind, style
言 (gen): say, word
元 (gen): beginning, origin

銀 (gin): silver
魚 (gyo): fish
業 (gyou): business
牛 (gyuu): cow
飯 (han): meal, boiled rice
発 (hatsu): departure, discharge

品 (hin): goods, article
歩 (ho): walk
方 (hou): direction
意 (i): idea, mind
以 (i): by means of
医 (i): doctor, medicine
125
員 (in): employee, member
院 (in): institution
飲 (in): drink
事 (ji): matter, thing

自 (ji): oneself
持 (ji): hold, have
字 (ji): character, letter
重 (juu): heavy, important
住 (juu): dwell, reside
家 (ka): home, family
歌 (ka): song, sing
花 (ka): flower
夏 (ka): summer
会 (kai): meeting
開 (kai): open, unfold
界 (kai): world, boundary
海 (kai): sea, ocean
画 (kaku): picture
館 (kan): building
漢 (kan): Sino-, China
126
計 (kei): plot, plan
兄 (kei): elder brother
建 (ken): build
犬 (ken): dog
研 (ken): polish, study of
験 (ken): verification, effect
起 (ki): rouse, wake up

帰 (ki): homecoming, arrive at
近 (kin): near, early

古 (ko): old
黒 (koku): black
公 (kou): public, official

考 (kou): consider, think over
口 (kou): mouth
広 (kou): wide, broad
工 (kou): craft, construction
127
空 (kuu): empty, sky
去 (kyo): gone, past
京 (kyou): capital
強 (kyou): strong
教 (kyou): teach, faith
急 (kyuu): hurry, sudden
究 (kyuu): research, study
妹 (mai): younger sister
味 (mi): flavor, taste

明 (mei): bright, light
目 (moku): eye, look
問 (mon): question, ask

無 (mu): nothingness, none
肉 (niku): meat
屋 (oku): roof, house
音 (on): sound, noise
楽 (raku): music, comfort
理 (ri): logic, reason

立 (ritsu): stand up
128
旅 (ryo): trip, travel
料 (ryou): fee, materials

力 (ryoku): power, strength
作 (saku): make, build
世 (se): generation, world
正 (sei): correct, justice

青 (sei): blue, green
赤 (seki): red
夕 (seki): evening
切 (setsu): cut, cutoff

社 (sha): company, firm
者 (sha): person, someone
写 (sha): copy, be photographed
借 (shaku): borrow, rent

思 (shi): think
使 (shi): use, envoy
紙 (shi): paper
死 (shi): death, die

私 (shi): private, me
129
始 (shi): begin, commence
止 (shi): stop, halt
試 (shi): test, try
仕 (shi): attend, doing
姉 (shi): elder sister
新 (shin): new
心 (shin): heart, mind
真 (shin): true, reality
親 (shin): parent, intimacy
質 (shitsu): substance, quality
室 (shitsu): room, chamber
色 (shoku): color
少 (shou): few, little
手 (shu): hand
主 (shu): lord, chief
春 (shun): springtime, spring
集 (shuu): gather, meet

終 (shuu): end, finish
週 (shuu): week
秋 (shuu): autumn
130
習 (shuu): learn
足 (soku): leg, be sufficient
送 (sou): escort, send
早 (sou): early, fast
走 (sou): run
多 (ta): many, much
体 (tai): body, object
待 (tai): wait, depend on
貸 (tai): lend
弟 (tei): younger brother
転 (ten): revolve, turn around

店 (ten): store, shop
特 (toku): special
答 (tou): solution, answer
冬 (tou): winter
通 (tsuu): pass through
運 (un): carry, luck

野 (ya): plains, field
夜 (ya): night, evening
用 (you): utilize, use
131
洋 (you): sea, Western style
曜 (you): weekday
有 (yuu): possess, have

族 (zoku): tribe, family
図 (zu): map, drawing
上がる (agaru): to rise, to ascend

挨拶 (aisatsu): greeting, salutation
味 (aji): flavor, taste
赤ちゃん (akachan): baby, infant

赤ん坊 (akanbou): baby, infant
案内 (annai): guidance, leading (the way)

安心 (anshin): relief, peace of mind
安全 (anzen): safety
浅い (asai): shallow, superficial
足音 (ashioto): sound of footsteps
遊び (asobi): playing
集る (atsumaru): to gather, to collect, to assemble

集める (atsumeru): to collect, to assemble, to gather
合う (au): to fit, to match, to suit
謝る (ayamaru): to apologize
倍 (bai): twice, double, times
番組 (bangumi): program (e.g. TV)
場所 (basho): place, location
132
別 (betsu): different, another
美術館 (bijutsukan): art gallery, art museum
びっくり (bikkuri): to be surprised
僕 (boku): I, me
貿易 (boueki): trade (foreign)
部長 (buchou): head of a section or department
ぶどう (budou): grape
文学 (bungaku): literature
文化 (bunka): culture, civilization

文法 (bunpou): grammar
血 (chi): blood
力 (chikara): force, strength, vigor
地理 (chiri): geography
中学校 (chuugakkou): junior high school
注意 (chuui): caution, being careful

注射 (chuusha): injection
駐車場 (chuushajou): parking lot

大分 (daibu): considerably, greatly
大学生 (daigakusei): university student
大事 (daiji): important, serious, crucial

大体 (daitai): general, substantially
133
だから (dakara): so, therefore
駄目 (dame): no good, useless

暖房 (danbou): (indoor) heating
男性 (dansei): man, male

電報 (denpou): telegram
電灯 (dentou): electric light
どんどん (dondon): rapidly, continuously
泥棒 (dorobou): thief, burglar, robber, theft

動物園 (doubutsuen): zoo
道具 (dougu): tool, implement

枝 (eda): branch, bough
遠慮 (enryo): constraint, restraint, modesty

選ぶ (erabu): to choose, to select
不便 (fuben): inconvenience
増える (fueru): to increase, to multiply

深い (fukai): deep, profound
復習 (fukushuu): review, revision
複雑 (fukuzatsu): complex, complicated

踏む (fumu): to step on, to tread on
船 (fune): ship, boat

布団 (futon): futon
134
太る (futoru): to grow fat
普通 (futsuu): general, ordinary, usual

頑張る (ganbaru): to hang on, to do one’s best
原因 (gen’in): cause, origin, source
下宿 (geshuku): boarding, lodging
技術 (gijutsu): technology, engineering

ご馳走 (gochisou): feast, treating (someone)
塵 (gomi): rubbish, trash, garbage
ご覧になる (goran ni naru): to see, to look, to watch
ご存じ (gozonji): knowing
ご主人 (goshujin): your husband

具合 (guai): condition, state, health
軍人 (gunjin): military personnel, soldier
葉 (ha): leaf
拝見 (haiken): seeing, look at
歯医者 (haisha): dentist
始める (hajimeru): to start, to begin
はっきり (hakkiri): clearly, plainly

運ぶ (hakobu): to carry, to transport
花見 (hanami): cherry blossom viewing
135
反対 (hantai): opposition, resistance
払う (harau): to pay
発音 (hatsuon): pronunciation
林 (hayashi): woods, forest
恥ずかしい (hazukashii): shy, embarrassed

変 (hen): strange, odd, peculiar
返事 (henji): reply, answer, response
酷い (hidoi): cruel, heartless
136
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冷える (hieru): to grow cold
137
ひげ (hige): mustache, beard
非常に (hijou ni): very, extremely

光 (hikari): light, beam
光る (hikaru): to shine, to glitter
引き出し (hikidashi): drawer
引き出す (hikidasu): to pull out, to take out
引っ越す (hikkosu): to move (house)
飛行場 (hikoujou): airfield, airport
開く (hiraku): to open, to undo

昼間 (hiruma): daytime, during the day
拾う (hirou): to pick up
昼休み (hiruyasumi): lunch break
久しぶり (hisashiburi): it’s been a while
褒める (homeru): to praise, to admire

翻訳 (honyaku): translation
星 (hoshi): star
ほとんど (hotondo): mostly, nearly
法律 (houritsu): law
138
一度 (ichido): once, one time
医学 (igaku): medical science, medicine
苛める (ijimeru): to bully, to torment
以上 (ijou): not less than, beyond
以下 (ika): not exceeding, below
意見 (iken): opinion, view, comment

生きる (ikiru): to live, to exist
以内 (inai): within, inside of
田舎 (inaka): rural area, countryside
祈る (inoru): to pray, to wish
一杯 (ippai): full, a lot
石 (ishi): stone, gem, jewel
一生懸命 (isshoukenmei): very hard, with utmost effort
急ぐ (isogu): to hurry, to rush

糸 (ito): thread, yarn, string
邪魔 (jama): hindrance, obstacle

字 (ji): character (i.e. kanji)
時代 (jidai): period, epoch, era, age

事故 (jiko): accident, incident, trouble
事務所 (jimusho): office
神社 (jinja): Shinto shrine
人口 (jinkou): population
139
地震 (jishin): earthquake
辞典 (jiten): dictionary
自由 (jiyuu): freedom, liberty

女性 (josei): woman, female
準備 (junbi): preparation, set up
十分 (juubun): plenty, enough, sufficient
住所 (juusho): address
壁 (kabe): wall, partition

課長 (kachou): section manager, section chief
帰り (kaeri): return, coming back
変える (kaeru): to change, to alter

科学 (kagaku): science
鏡 (kagami): mirror, looking-glass
海岸 (kaigan): coast, beach
会議 (kaigi): meeting, conference
会議室 (kaigishitsu): conference room
会場 (kaijou): assembly hall, meeting place
会話 (kaiwa): conversation
火事 (kaji): fire, conflagration
掛ける (kakeru): to hang, to hoist, to raise
格好 (kakkou): shape, form, figure
140
構う (kamau): to mind, to care about
髪 (kami): hair (on the head)
噛む (kamu): to bite, to chew, to gnaw
家内 (kanai): (my) wife
必ず (kanarazu): always, without exception
悲しい (kanashii): sad, sorrowful

金持ち (kanemochi): rich person
考える (kangaeru): to think about
関係 (kankei): relation, relationship, connection
彼女 (kanojo): she, her
簡単 (kantan): simple, easy, uncomplicated
顔 (kao): face, look
彼 (kare): he, him
彼ら (karera): they, them
形 (katachi): form, shape, figure

硬い (katai): hard, solid, tough
片付ける (katazukeru): to tidy up, to put in order
勝つ (katsu): to win, to gain victory
乾く (kawaku): to get dry
代わり (kawari): substitute, replacement
変わる (kawaru): to change, to be transformed

通う (kayou): to go back and forth between
飾る (kazaru): to decorate, to ornament
毛 (ke): hair, fur, wool
141
怪我 (kega): injury, hurt
計画 (keikaku): plan, project
経験 (keiken): experience
警察 (keisatsu): police
経済 (keizai): economics, economy
見物 (kenbutsu): sightseeing, watching
喧嘩 (kenka): quarrel, brawl, fight

研究 (kenkyuu): study, research, investigation
研究室 (kenkyuushitsu): laboratory
消しゴム (keshogomu): eraser
景色 (keshiki): scenery, landscape
気 (ki): spirit, mind, heart
厳しい (kibishii): severe, strict, rigid

気分 (kibun): feeling, mood
機会 (kikai): chance, opportunity
危険 (kiken): danger, peril, hazard
聞こえる (kikoeru): to be heard, to be audible
決る (kimaru): to be decided, to be settled
決める (kimeru): to decide, to choose
君 (kimi): you, buddy, pal
気持ち (kimochi): feeling, sensation, mood

近所 (kinjo): neighborhood
季節 (kisetsu): season
汽車 (kisha): train
規則 (kisoku): rule, regulation
きっと: surely, undoubtedly
142
心 (kokoro): mind, heart, spirit
国内 (kokunai): internal, domestic
国際 (kokusai): international
細かい (komakai): small, fine, minute
米 (kome): rice
込む (komu): to be crowded, to be packed
今度 (kondo): this time, next time

この間 (kono aida): the other day, lately
この頃 (kono goro): recently, nowadays
今夜 (kon’ya): this evening, tonight

これから (kore kara): after this
故障 (koshou): breakdown, out of order
答え (kotae): answer, reply, response

事 (koto): thing, matter
小鳥 (kotori): small bird, songbird
校長 (kouchou): principal, headmaster
講堂 (koudou): auditorium, lecture hall
郊外 (kougai): suburb, outskirts

講義 (kougi): lecture
工業 (kougyou): (manufacturing) industry
143
工場 (koujou): factory, plant, mill
高校 (koukou): senior high school, high school
高校生 (koukousei): senior high school student
公務員 (koumuin): government worker, public servant

交通 (koutsuu): traffic, transportation
壊れる (kowareru): to be broken
壊す (kowasu): to break, to destroy
首 (kubi): neck
雲 (kumo): cloud
比べる (kuraberu): to compare
暮れる (kureru): to get dark, to grow dark
草 (kusa): grass, weed, herb
空気 (kuuki): air, atmosphere

空港 (kuukou): airport
怖い (kowai): scary, frightening
客 (kyaku): guest, visitor
教育 (kyouiku): education, schooling
教会 (kyoukai): church
興味 (kyoumi): interest, curiosity

競争 (kyousou): competition, contest
急 (kyuu): sudden, abrupt, unexpected
急行 (kyuukou): moving at high speed
144
間違える (machigaeru): to make a mistake
参る (mairu): to go, to come (humble)
真面目 (majime): seriousness, earnestness

負ける (makeru): to lose, to be defeated
漫画 (manga): cartoon, comic
間に合う (maniau): to be in time for

真中 (mannaka): middle, center
または (matawa): or, otherwise
周り (mawari): surroundings, neighbourhood

回る (mawaru): to turn, to revolve
まず (mazu): first of all
召し上がる (meshiagaru): to eat, to drink
珍しい (mezurashii): unusual, rare, curious

見える (mieru): to be seen, to be in sight
港 (minato): harbor, port
見つかる (mitsukaru): to be found

見つける (mitsukeru): to discover, to find
湖 (mizuumi): lake
もちろん (mochiron): of course, certainly
戻る (modoru): to return, to go back
145
森 (mori): forest
もし (moshi): if, in case
申し上げる (moushiageru): to say, to tell (humble)
申す (mousu): to say, to be called (humble)
もうすぐ (mousugu): soon, shortly
迎える (mukaeru): to go out to meet

向かう (mukau): to face, to go towards
昔 (mukashi): olden days, former
無理 (muri): unreasonable, impossible
虫 (mushi): insect, bug
息子 (musuko): son
娘 (musume): (my) daughter, girl
投げる (nageru): to throw, to cast away
中々 (nakanaka): very, considerably
泣く (naku): to cry, to weep

無くなる (nakunaru): to be lost, to be missing
亡くなる (nakunaru): to die

治る (naoru): to be cured
直る (naoru): to get mended
直す (naosu): to fix, to repair
146
慣れる (nareru): to get used to
鳴る (naru): to sound, to ring
なるほど (naru hodo): I see!, That’s right!
寝坊 (nebou): sleeping in late
値段 (nedan): price, cost
眠い (nemui): sleepy, drowsy
眠る (nemuru): to sleep
熱心 (nesshin): zeal, enthusiasm
熱 (netsu): heat
苦い (nigai): bitter
逃げる (nigeru): to escape, to run away

二階建て (nikaidate): two-storied building
日記 (nikki): diary, journal
人形 (ningyou): doll
匂い (nioi): scent, smell
似る (niru): to resemble, to look like

喉 (nodo): throat
残る (nokoru): to remain, to be left

乗り換える (norikaeru): to transfer (trains), to change (bus, train)
乗り物 (norimono): vehicle, conveyance
147
濡れる (nureru): to get wet
塗る (nuru): to paint, to plaster
盗む (nusumu): to steal
入学 (nyuugaku): entry to school or university
入院 (nyuuin): hospitalization
落ちる (ochiru): to fall down, to drop

踊り (odori): dance
驚く (odoroku): to be surprised, to be astonished

踊る (odoru): to dance
お祝い (oiwai): congratulations, celebration
お嬢さん (ojousan): (your) daughter, young lady
可笑しい (okashii): funny, strange, odd

行う (okonau): to perform, to do
怒る (okoru): to get angry, to get mad
起こす (okosu): to raise, to wake, to cause
億 (oku): hundred million
屋上 (okujou): rooftop
贈り物 (okurimono): present, gift

遅れる (okureru): to be late, to be delayed
送る (okuru): to send, to dispatch
お祭り (omatsuri): festival, feast, carnival
お見舞い (omimai): calling on someone who is ill
お土産 (omiyage): present, souvenir
148
玩具 (omocha): toy, plaything
思い出す (omoidasu): to recall, to remember

表 (omote): surface, face, front, outside
思う (omou): to think, to consider

お礼 (orei): thanks, gratitude
折れる (oreru): to break, to be broken
折る (oru): to break, to fracture
押し入れ (oshiire): closet
仰る (ossharu): to say, to speak
お宅 (otaku): your house, your home, your family
音 (oto): sound, noise

落とす (otosu): to drop, to let fall
夫 (otto): husband
お釣り (otsuri): change (for a purchase)
終わり (owari): the end
親 (oya): parent, parents

歴史 (rekishi): history
連絡 (renraku): to contact, to get in touch
利用 (riyou): use, utilization
理由 (riyuu): reason, motive
149
留守 (rusu): absence, being away from home
旅館 (ryokan): Japanese-style lodging
両方 (ryouhou): both, both sides

寂しい (sabishii): lonely, lonesome, solitary
下がる (sagaru): to come down, to get lower
探す (sagasu): to search, to look for

下げる (sageru): to hang, to lower
最後 (saigo): last, final, latest

最近 (saikin): most recent, these days
最初 (saisho): beginning, first
坂 (saka): slope, hill
盛ん (sakan): popular, prosperous

さっき (sakki): some time ago, just now
昨夜 (sakuya): last night

産業 (sangyou): industry
さ来月 (saraigetsu): month after next
さ来週 (saraishuu): week after next
差し上げる (sashiageru): to give, to offer
騒ぐ (sawagu): to make noise, to rustle
触る (sawaru): to touch, to feel

政治 (seiji): politics, government
生活 (seikatsu): living, life
150
生産 (seisan): production, manufacture
西洋 (seiyou): the west, Western countries
世界 (sekai): the world, society

席 (seki): seat
線 (sen): line, stripe, stria
背中 (senaka): back (of body)
先輩 (senpai): senior (at work or school)
戦争 (sensou): war
説明 (setsumei): explanation, exposition
世話 (sewa): looking after, help
社長 (shachou): company president
社会 (shakai): society, public, community

市 (shi): city
試合 (shiai): match, game

しばらく: little while, short while
叱る (shikaru): to scold
仕方 (shikata): way, method, means
試験 (shiken): examination, exam, test

しっかり: tightly, firmly, securely
島 (shima): island
市民 (shimin): citizen, citizenry, public

品物 (shinamono): goods, article, thing
新聞社 (shinbunsha): newspaper company
151
心配 (shinpai): worry, concern, anxiety
親切 (shinsetsu): kindness, gentleness
調べる (shiraberu): to examine, to investigate
知らせる (shiraseru): to notify, to advise, to inform
下着 (shitagi): underwear
支度 (shitaku): preparation, arrangements

失礼 (shitsurei): discourtesy, impoliteness
失敗 (shippai): failure, mistake, blunder
食事 (shokuji): meal
食料品 (shokuryouhin): foodstuff, groceries
小学校 (shougakkou): primary school
紹介 (shoukai): introduction, presentation

小説 (shousetsu): novel, (short) story
将来 (shourai): future, prospects
招待 (shoutai): invitation
趣味 (shumi): hobby, pastime
出発 (shuppatsu): departure
出席 (shusseki): attendance, presence
習慣 (shuukan): habit, custom
祖母 (sobo): grandmother
育てる (sodateru): to raise, to rear, to bring up

祖父 (sofu): grandfather
そんな (sonna): such
それで (sore de): and, thereupon
それほど (sore hodo): to that degree
152
それに (sore ni): besides, in addition
そろそろ (sorosoro): soon, momentarily
卒業 (sotsugyou): graduation
相談 (soudan): consultation, discussion
素晴らしい (subarashii): wonderful, splendid
滑る (suberu): to glide, to slide
水道 (suidou): water supply, water service
過ぎる (sugiru): to pass through, to pass by

凄い (sugoi): terrible, dreadful, amazing
水泳 (suiei): swimming
すっかり (sukkari): all, completely, totally
空く (suku): to become empty
隅 (sumi): corner, nook, recess

済む (sumu): to finish, to end
砂 (suna): sand, grit
進む (susumu): to advance, to go forward

捨てる (suteru): to throw away, to cast away
数学 (suugaku): mathematics
正しい (tadashii): right, correct

退院 (taiin): discharge from hospital
153
大抵 (taitei): mostly, ordinarily
たまに (tama ni): occasionally, once in a while
棚 (tana): shelf, shelves
楽しみ (tanoshimi): enjoyment, pleasure

楽む (tanoshimu): to enjoy (oneself)
倒れる (taoreru): to fall, to collapse
足りる (tariru): to be sufficient, to be enough
確か (tashika): sure, certain, positive
足す (tasu): to add, to top up
多数 (tasuu): large number, many

畳 (tatami): tatami mat
立てる (tateru): to stand up
建てる (tateru): to build, to construct
訪ねる (tazuneru): to visit, to call on
尋ねる (tazuneru): to ask, to enquire

手袋 (tebukuro): glove, mitten, mitt
丁寧 (teinei): polite, courteous, careful
適当 (tekitou): suitable, proper, fit

点 (ten): point, dot, spot
天 (ten): sky
154
店員 (ten’in): shop assistant, clerk
天気予報 (tenkiyohou): weather forecast
展覧会 (tenrankai): exhibition
寺 (tera): temple (Buddhist)
手伝う (tetsudau): to help, to assist, to aid

届ける (todokeru): to deliver, to send
床屋 (tokoya): barbershop, barber
特別 (tokubetsu): special
特に (toku ni): particularly, especially
特急 (tokkyuu): limited express
泊まる (tomaru): to stay at (e.g. hotel)
遠く (tooku): far away, distant
通る (tooru): to go by, to go past

取り替える (torikaeru): to exchange, to replace
とうとう (toutou): finally, at
都合 (tsugou): circumstances, convenience

捕まえる (tsukamaeru): to catch, to arrest
月 (tsuki): moon
付く (tsuku): to be attached, to adhere
155
妻 (tsuma): wife
連れる (tsureru): to lead, to take (a person)
釣る (tsuru): to fish, to lure in
伝える (tsutaeru): to convey, to report

包む (tsutsumu): to wrap up, to tuck in
続ける (tsuzukeru): to continue, to keep up
続く (tsuzuku): to continue, to last, to go on
腕 (ude): arm
植える (ueru): to plant, to grow, to raise
動く (ugoku): to move, to stir, to shift

受ける (ukeru): to receive, to get
受付 (uketsuke): reception (desk), information desk
旨い (umai): delicious, appetizing
運動 (undou): exercise, motion

運転 (unten): operation, operating
運転手 (untenshu): driver, chauffeur
裏 (ura): reverse side, rear, back
嬉しい (ureshii): happy, glad

売り場 (uriba): sales floor, counter (in shop)
嘘 (uso): lie, falsehood

打つ (utsu): to hit, to strike, to knock
美しい (utsukushii): beautiful, lovely
移る (utsuru): to move (house), to transfer (department)
写す (utsusu): to transcribe, to duplicate
156
別れる (wakareru): to part, to separate
沸かす (wakasu): to boil, to heat
訳 (wake): reason, cause
沸く (waku): to grow hot, to boil
笑う (warau): to laugh
割れる (wareru): to break, to be smashed
割合 (wariai): rate, ratio
忘れ物 (wasuremono): something forgotten

やはり (yahari): as expected
焼ける (yakeru): to be roasted
焼く (yaku): to burn, to roast, to bake
役に立つ (yaku ni tatsu): to be helpful, to be useful

約束 (yakusoku): promise, agreement
止める (yameru): to stop
止む (yamu): to cease, to stop
優しい (yasashii): tender, kind, gentle

痩せる (yaseru): to become thin, to slim
やっと (yatto): at last
柔らかい (yawarakai): soft, tender
用 (you): business, task, errand
157
汚れる (yogoreru): to get dirty
喜ぶ (yorokobu): to be delighted
寄る (yoru): to approach, to drop by
予習 (yoshuu): preparation for a lesson
予定 (yotei): plans, arrangement

用意 (youi): preparation, arrangements
用事 (youji): tasks, things to do
予約 (yoyaku): reservation, appointment
湯 (yu): hot water
指 (yubi): finger, toe
指輪 (yubiwa): (finger) ring

夢 (yume): dream
輸入 (yunyuu): import, importation
揺れる (yureru): to shake, to sway
輸出 (yushutsu): export
夕食 (yuushoku): evening meal, dinner
残念 (zannen): deplorable, regret, bad luck
随分 (zuibun): very, extremely, surprisingly
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158

Grammar Lesson n4

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What are some common Japanese grammar terms explained in the document?

What are some common Japanese grammar terms explained in the document?

What does the term 'hazu da' mean according to the document?

What does the term 'hazu da' mean according to the document?

# Grammar Lesson 文法レッスン Grammar Meaning

1 aida 間（あいだ） while; during; between

# Grammar Lesson 文法レッスン Grammar Meaning

# Grammar Lesson 文法レッスン Grammar Meaning

# Kanji Onyomi Kunyomi Kanji Meaning

2 同 dou onaji same, agree, equal

3 事 ji koto matter, thing, fact, business, reason, possibly

4 自 ji, shi mizuka(ra) oneself

5 社 sha yashiro company, firm, office, association, shrine

6 発 hatsu, hotsu departure, discharge, emit, start from

7 者 sha mono someone, person

8 地 chi, ji ground, earth

9 業 gyou waza business, vocation, arts, performance

10 方 hou kata direction, person, alternative

12 場 jou ba location, place

13 員 in employee, member, number, the one in

14 立 ritsu ta(tsu) stand up, rise

15 開 kai hira(ku), a(keru) open, unfold, unseal

18 問 mon to(u) question, ask, problem

19 代 dai ka(wari) substitute, change, convert, replace, period

20 明 mei, myou aka(rui) bright, light

メイ、 ミョウ あか(るい)

21 動 dou ugo(ku) move, motion, change

22 京 kyou, kei, kin miyako capital

キョウ、 ケイ、 キ みやこ

23 目 moku, boku me eye, class, look, insight, experience

24 通 tsuu too(ru), kayo(u) traffic, pass through, avenue, commute

25 言 gen, gon i(u), koto say, word

26 理 ri logic, arrangement, reason, justice, truth

27 体 tai karada body, substance, object, reality

28 田 den ta rice field, rice paddy

30 題 dai topic, subject

31 意 i idea, mind, heart, taste, thought

32 不 fu, bu negative, non-, bad

33 作 saku, sa tsuku(ru) make, production, prepare, build

34 用 you mochi(iru) utilize, business, service, use, employ

36 強 kyou, gou tsuyo(i) strong

37 公 kou public, prince, official, governmental

38 持 ji mo(tsu) hold, have

39 野 ya no plains, field, rustic, civilian life

40 以 i mo(tte) by means of, because, in view of, compared

42 家 ka ie, ya, uchi house, home, family, professional, expert

43 世 sei, se yo generation, world, society, public

44 多 ta oo(i) many, frequent, much

45 正 sei, shou tada(shii), masa(ni) correct, justice, righteous

セイ、 ショウ ただ(しい)、 まさ(に)

46 安 an yasu(i) safe, peaceful, cheap

48 心 shin kokoro heart, mind, spirit

49 界 kai world, boundary

50 教 kyou oshi(eru), oso(waru) teach, faith, doctrine

キョウ おし(える)、 おそ(わる)

51 文 bun, mon fumi sentence, literature, style, art

52 元 gen, gan moto beginning, former time, origin

ジュウ、 チョウ おも(い)、 かさ(ねる)

54 近 kin chika(i) near, early, akin, tantamount

55 考 kou kanga(eru) consider, think over

メイ、ミョウあか(るい)

キョウ、ケイ、キみやこ

セイ、ショウただ(しい)、まさ(に)

キョウおし(える)、おそ(わる)

ジュウ、チョウおも(い)、かさ(ねる)

ジュウ、チュウす(む)

ショウすく(ない)、すこ(し)

クウそら、から、あ(く)、す(く)、むな

シと(まる)、とど(まる)、や(める)、よ

シツ、シチたち、ただ(す)

チュウそそ(ぐ)、さ(す)、つ(ぐ)