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    Atomic Short Notes

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    Uii
    1. The structure of an atom has been modeled using Rutherford's model, Bohr's model, and the wave mechanical model. 2. Atoms consist of electrons, protons, and neutrons, with electrons located outside the nucleus. Some uncommon fundamental particles also exist. 3. Rydberg's equation relates the wavelength of light emitted by excited atoms to the energies of the initial and final states of the electron.

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    Atomic Short Notes

    Uploaded by

    Uii
    27 views2 pages
    1. The structure of an atom has been modeled using Rutherford's model, Bohr's model, and the wave mechanical model. 2. Atoms consist of electrons, protons, and neutrons, with electrons located outside the nucleus. Some uncommon fundamental particles also exist. 3. Rydberg's equation relates the wavelength of light emitted by excited atoms to the energies of the initial and final states of the electron.

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    atomic Short notes

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    1. The structure of an atom has been modeled using Rutherford's model, Bohr's model, and the wave mechanical model. 2. Atoms consist of electrons, protons, and neutrons, with electrons located outside the nucleus. Some uncommon fundamental particles also exist. 3. Rydberg's equation relates the wavelength of light emitted by excited atoms to the energies of the initial and final states of the electron.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    27 views2 pages

    Atomic Short Notes

    Uploaded by

    Uii
    1. The structure of an atom has been modeled using Rutherford's model, Bohr's model, and the wave mechanical model. 2. Atoms consist of electrons, protons, and neutrons, with electrons located outside the nucleus. Some uncommon fundamental particles also exist. 3. Rydberg's equation relates the wavelength of light emitted by excited atoms to the energies of the initial and final states of the electron.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    KEY CONCEPT

    STRUCTURE OF ATOM
    Rutherford's Model
    Bohr's Model
    Wave mechanical model
    EXTRA NUCLEAR PART (e)
    Electrons,protons & neutrons are the most important fundamental particles of atoms of all elements
    (Except hydrogen)
    Some uncommon Fundamental particles :
    1. Z
    XA , A = Z + n

    1 1 1 mM
    2. Reduced mass   = m = mass of e– ; M = Mass of nucleus
     M m mM
    h
    3. Photon is considered massless bundle of energy. But to find its mass use m =
    c
    4. E = mc2 , E = h = hc/  = hc 
    no. of molecules reacting
    5. Quantum efficiency or Quantum Yield =
    no. of quanta absorbed
    6. Rn = R1 (A)1/3 , R1 = 1.33 ×10–13 cm A = mass number
    1 Z . 2e  1
    7. m  v 2  K e ; Tan 
    2 r 2 b
    1
    number of a particles at  = K 4 ; b = impact parameter
    sin  / 2

    1 1 1  2
    R H 
    2 2
    8. Rydberg’s Equation   Z
     n1 n 2 
    9. Limiting spectral line (series limit) means n2 = 
    10. H line means we know n1 , n2 (longest  , shortest  , least E) [ H , H , H , H ]
    n (n  1)
    11. No. of wavelengths observed in the spectrum =
    2
    when e– deexcites to ground state , n = no. of higher orbit
    12. 1/2 mv2 = h – h0(w) (work function or B.E.)
    hc
     0 = Threshhold frequency W = h 0 = 
    0
    1 2
    13. Accelerating potential = eV = KE = mv
    2
    14.  = hc/E = 1240 ev. nm
    1 K q1 q 2
    15. K ; P.E. = centrifugal force = mv2/r
    4  r
    0
    h
    16. mvr = n· = n .
    2
    E1 2 2 4
    z 2 2 me 4 2  2 me
    17. En = 2 = – 2 2 z ; E1 = 2
    n n h h

    Atomic Structure
    2 2 2
    n h z 2 e
    18. rn = x 19. v= 
    Z 4 2e 2 m n h
    20. revolutions per sec = v/2r 21. Time for one revolution = 2r/v
    22. Separation energy = E n    E n given  2, 3, 4 ,.................

    23. No. of waves = n = no. of shells 24. I.E. = En= – Eground state of e- (K, L, M, N)
    150
    25.  = h/mv = h/p 26. = Å
    Vin volts
    27. En  KE KE = 1/2 mv2 , E = h 28. x.p > h/4
    29. Nucleons 30. Isotopes, Isobars, Isotones (A – Z)
    31. Isoelectronic 32. Isosters
    33. Isodiaphers (A – 2Z) 34. paramagnetic
    h
    35. Diamagnetic 36. S= S(S  1)
    2
    37.  = n ( n  2) B.M. n = number of unpaired e– ;
    38. Radial Nodes ; Angular nodes ; Total nodes
    (n – l – 1) l (n–1)
    39. Total no. of e in an energy level
    –
    = 2n2
    Total no. of e– in a sublevel = 2(2l+1)
    Maximum no. of e– in an orbital =2
    Total no. of orbitals in a sublevel = (2l+1)
    No. of subshells in main energyshell = n
    No. of orbitals in a main energy shell = n2
    l= 0 1 2 3 4
    s p d f g

    40. ELEECTROMEGNETIC SPECTRUM


     increases

    in meters.
    Distinction between the wave – particle nature of a photon and the particle–wave nature of sub-
    atomic particle.
    PHOTON SUB ATOMIC PARTICLE
    1
    1. Energy = h Energy = m2
    2
    c h
    2. Wavelength = Wavelength =
     m
    Note: We should never interchange any of the above and to write electronic conf. of Cation
    first write for neutral atom & then remove e– from outermost shell.

    Atomic Structure

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