y

ert
op
en
tP
r
L E
ve
rnm
SA
Go R

7
O
TF
NO

Technology and Livelihood

Education
(Crop Production)
Module 2
Perform Preventive
Maintenance

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7

Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 2: Perform Preventive Maintenance
 First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every
effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective
copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Region 10

Regional Director: Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Zenaida Ellene Joy B. Gallega

Evaluators: Purita C. Omol Ralph L. Castillon

Wendell Pasok Andrew Dapac
Charyljoy C. Navarez Felicisima L. Bulat-ag
Rey Ann L. Malalis Michael Vincent C. Tayone

Layout/Illustrator: Lawrence Nebril N. Uy

Management Team
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director

Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V

Asst. Regional Director

Edwin R. Maribojoc, EdD, CESO VI

Schools Division Superintendent

Myra P. Mebato,PhD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD

Members Neil A. Improgo, EPS-LRMS

Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., EPS-ADM
Samuel C. Silacan, EdD, CID Chief
Joseph T. Boniao, EPS – EPP/TLE
Rone Ray M. Portacion, EdD, EPS – LRMS
Edwin V. Palma, PSDS
Ray G. Salcedo, Principal II/District In-charge
Avilla G. Taclob, Principal I/District In-charge
Agnes P. Gonzales, PDO II
Vilma M. Inso, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Region 10
Office Address: Zone 1, DepEd Building, Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang,
Cagayan de Oro City
Contact Number: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.gov.ph
 7
Crop Production
Module 2
Perform Preventive
Maintenance

This instructional material is collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators

from public schools. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education – Region 10 at region10@deped.gov.ph

Your feedback and recommendations are highly valued.

FAIR USE AND CONTENT DISCLAIMER: This SLM (Self Learning

Module) is for educational purposes only. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs,
stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc. included in
these modules are owned by their respective copyright holders. The
publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Sincerest appreciation to those who have made significant contributions to
these modules.
Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines
 Introductory Message
For the learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education 7 Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on Performing Preventive Maintenance!

The module is designed to introduce you to the basic knowledge and basic skills which
apply to the efficient and productive use of natural resources. In developing the Crop Production
course, gender equity, enterprise and available resources have been recognized as key features
in determining learning outcomes and the design of learning experiences. It is visualized that all
of you will develop basic skills and acquire a level of knowledge that will increase your awareness
of the potential for employment and business opportunities or further study and training; relevant
to the areas of study you have chosen. Your success in exploratory course of Crop Production
leading to Agricultural Crops Production NC I, Agricultural Crops Production NC II and
Horticulture lies in your own hands!

This module provides you meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning
at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies
you are expected to learn in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what
you already know about the lesson to take. If you get
all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current
lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you
in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.

This aims to help you discover and understand new
concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to

solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You
may check the answers to the exercises using the
i Key at the end of the module.
Answer
 What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to
be filled in to process what you learned from the
lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you
transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.
This also tends retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a
separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the
module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

ii
 Table of Contents

What I Need to Know ---------------- 1

What I Know ---------------- 2

What’s In ---------------- 3

What’s New ---------------- 4

What is It ---------------- 5

What’s More ---------------- 9

What I Have Learned ---------------- 10

What I Can Do ---------------- 11

Assessment ---------------- 13

Additional Activities ---------------- 14

Answer Key ---------------- 15

References ---------------- 16
 What I Need to Know

This module is designed to help you master the basic knowledge of Crop
Production (Agricultural Crops Production NC I, Agricultural Crops Production NC
II and Horticulture). The scope of this module can be used in many different
learning and daily life situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module consists of lessons and activities about preventing

maintenance of tools and equipment.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Clean tools and equipment after use in line with farm procedures;
2. Perform routine check-up and maintenance;
3. Perform preventive maintenance by following the procedures in
sharpening and oiling farm tools and equipment; and
4. Store tools and equipment in designated areas in line with farm
procedures.

1
 What I Know

Before starting this module let us check first your

knowledge about preventive maintenance of tools and
equipment.

Your teacher asks you to visit the school’s tool room. You have noticed that
the cutting tools cannot be used properly because they are dull and rusty.

Directions: Draw a happy face ( ) if you agree with the statement. If not, draw
a sad face ( ). Write your answer in your activity notebook.
AGREE DISAGREE

1. When equipment is in good shape, it

reduces the risk of injury.
2. A whetstone is used to sharpen shovel and
bolo.
3. It is okay to store tools and equipment even if
they are not properly dried.
4. Regular check-up helps to make tools last
longer.
5. Leaving your garden tools on the floor is the
best way to keep your tools in good working
condition.

2
Lesso
n
Perform Preventive Maintenance
1

What’s In

In your previous module you studied about the different

tools, implements and equipment used in crop production. Let us
check how much you have learned by answering the exercise
below.

Directions: Match the tools in Column A with its corresponding function in

Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer in your activity
notebook.
COLUMN B

COLUMN A A. It is used for tilling and pulverizing the

1. Sickle soil.
2. Rotavator B. It is used for digging canals and
3. Water Pump ditches.
4. pH meter C. It is commonly used for the transport
5. Hand fork of goods and materials.
6. Trailer D. It is used for harvesting of crops and
7. Spade cutting of other vegetable matters.
8. Rice Harvester E. E. It is used for harvesting rice grain,
9. Wheel Barrow wheat grain and flour.
10. Disk Plow F. F. It is used to measure the hydrogen-
ion concentration (or pH) indicating 3its
acidity or alkalinity of the soil.
G. It is used to draw irrigation water from
a source.
H. It is used for inter-row cultivation.
I. It is used for tilling large areas, making
furrows and inter-row cultivation.
J. It is used for leveling the topsoil.
K. It is used for hauling trash, manures,
fertilizers, planting materials and other
equipment.

3
 What’s New 3

Did you know that farm tools, implements and equipment

won’t last long if not properly maintained? In order to keep them in
good working condition, maintenance is the key.
So let’s begin our lesson with the first activity.

Activity 1. Word search

Directions: Look at the words in the word pool. Draw and solve the crossword
puzzle by understanding the description given in each number.

Sand paper Oil

Whetstone Rag Water
Soap Brush

4
 In the previous activity, you have found the objects that are
What
used to perform is It maintenance of tools and equipment. This
preventive
time let us try to know how these objects will be used properly in order
to make our tools and equipment last longer. So, let’s start!

Preventive maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools

and equipment in order to keep them in a safe, usable condition that limits
downtime and extends productivity.

A poorly maintained piece of equipment can result to unsafe work

environment and increased risk or can increase risk of injury or loss of life.

Why do you have to maintain farm tools and equipment?

1. They last longer when maintained.
2. It makes work more efficient.
3. When you keep tools and equipment in good shape, you reduce the risk of
injury to the worker.
4. Properly maintained tools and equipment reduce cost of maintenance.

How to Effectively Maintain Farm Tools and Equipment

1. Sharpen tool before and after use. 
 When you sharpen tools, it reduces the amount of force you need to
apply to accomplish the task. Blunt tools may break when being used.
2. Oil or grease metal parts.
This will prevent rusts of metal parts of tools and equipment. Oiling the
movable parts makes the tools easy to use.
3. Wooden handles should be strong.
Make sure tools with wooden handles are strong and durable. If there is
any defect, replace them.
4. Hang your garden tools. 5
Keep your tools hanged. Leaving them on the floor can cause rusts as
they may come in contact with moisture. It may also damage or break the
tool, causing them to be unusable for work. And also, it may cause injury to
a person who could step on them.
5. Store tools in their original cases.
Some tools and equipment come in their special cases to keep them
protected from damage. Make sure to keep it clean before storing to their
original cases.
6. Dry tools after using.
After using tools or equipment, make sure they are completely dry
before storing them to prevent rust. For some tools and equipment, use
silica gel in keeping tools dry in their cases.

Equipment Maintenance Tips

1. Follow the preventive maintenance program

Preventive Maintenance (PM) helps anticipate change, and wear and

tear. Corrective actions are taken continuously to ensure reliability and
performance. PM involves regular systematic inspections, modification and
replacement of components as well as performance testing and analysis.

2. Identify major causes of machinery breakdown

 Part of an effective PM program is identifying potential causes of
machinery breakdown. Identifying potential causes of failure before they
occur can save hundreds or thousands of money and maintain consistent
work flows.

3. Get to know your equipment inside and out

Taking the time to read and understand the manufacturer’s manual should
6
be a core principle in a PM plan. Manuals will prescribe the recommended
service intervals for each component in the equipment, what servicing products
to use and what acceptable operating conditions to perform.

Manufacturer’s manual is also a great source of troubleshooting

information. It prescribes maintenance steps and techniques as well as
checklists or flow charts on what to do during malfunctions.

4. Train your employees in effective machinery operation

Knowledgeable machinery operators are more productive and cause less

wear on machinery than untrained workers. Properly trained operators will be
more respectful of their equipment and more likely to look after it before, during
and after use. It would save money in repairs and replacement.

5. Follow factory-recommended maintenance intervals

Factory-recommended maintenance intervals are a minimal standard and

are based on normal operating conditions. This may vary depending on local
climate and specific site environmental concerns like dust, mud, humidity, and
excessive temperature fluctuations.

6. Document equipment’s service history

 Keeping detailed service records is an important component in your
preventive maintenance plan. It helps you to keep track on the type of servicing
done, when the maintenance was done and when it needs to be done again on
the equipment.

7. Pay close attention to what your equipment’s fluids are saying

Another important thing to check is the equipment’s fluid level. Analyzing

engine oil, fuel, coolant and 7hydraulic fluid describes the health of your
equipment.

8. Monitor your equipment’s overall condition

Owning and operating equipment requires large amount of money.

Condition monitoring should be an overall part of your preventive maintenance
plan to prevent breakdown and avoid unnecessary repair costs.

Pointers to follow in storing tools and equipment

1. Have a designated place for each kind of tools.

2. Label the storage cabinet for immediate finding.
3. Wash and dry properly before storing.
4. Properly store cutting tools with sharp edge down.
5. Place tools into conveniently accessible locations.
6. Make sure the areas where you are storing the equipment are clean, dry and
not overcrowded.
 What’s More 8

After learning about preventive maintenance of farm tools and

equipment, it is now time to check how far you have learned
about the topic by doing the activity below.

Activity 2. Farm to Storage Road

Hi! My name is Ted, the

shovel! I am dirty and left
unclean after use. Help me go
home clean by writing the proper
preventive maintenance in each
station. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.

Station 1
_________________
_________________

Station 3
Station 2 _________________
_________________ _________________
_________________
 STORAGE
Station 4
_________________
Station 3
_________________

What I Have Learned

9

At this point let us measure your understanding about the

content of this module by answering the following questions.
Write your answer in your activity notebook. Let us check your
learning on the content of this module by answering the following
questions. Write your answer in your activity notebook.us check
your learning on the content of this module by answering the
Which part of the
following questions. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
lesson did you
have hard time to
MESSAGE SENT understand?
______________
______________
Which part of this What learning can ______________
module did you you apply in order
enjoy most? to help your family
or community?
______________ ______________
______________ ______________
______________ ______________

Send Send Send

 10
What I Can Do

Let us put into practice what you have learned about this
module through a video presentation on how to sharpen tools
using the steps below. on how to sharpen farm tools using
the steps below.

Activity 3.
Directions: With the help of your parent/guardian, perform the sharpening and
oiling of any cutting tool available in your home by following the steps below. You
have to record your performance through a video and submit it together with this
module.
Note: If in case video is not attainable, you may submit actual picture following the
steps given in the activity.

Materials Tools
Oil Whetstone
Rag Brush
Soap and water Cutting tool

Step 1: Cleaning of blade

 Clean the blade with a brush and soapy water to remove any rust, clumped
dirt or other debris. Wipe it using clean rag. After drying it, coat the blade
with a small amount of motor oil.

Step 2: Examining the sharpness

Examine the blade edge by touching using your fingers to determine the
correct sharpening angle (usually about 10 to 15 degrees). Note: Be
careful in this step for it may cut your finger.

Step 3: Begin grinding the blades

11

Thoroughly wet the whetstone by soaking it into water or oil. (Water quickly
evaporates, so oil is usually a better choice). Water or oil will not only act
as a lubricant but also carry away grit during the sharpening process.

To maintain the correct angle, press the blade against the concave side of
the stone while sharpening. Use numerous smooth strokes, moving the
blade in one direction toward the tip as if you are trying to shave off a thin
slice from the whetstone until the edge is smoothened. Don’t press too
hard. 

Keep the stone wet by periodically applying more water or oil.

Step 4: Testing the sharpness

 Simply hold the cutting edge up to a light source. If you can see light
reflecting off the blade edge, it is not yet adequately sharpened. Repeat
Step 3.

Step 5: Adding a coat of oil

Finish off the blades by rubbing a light coat to oil them.

You will be graded accordingly using the rubric below:

Score
Rubric
20 15 10

The step by-step procedures are

correctly followed.

The blade is properly cleaned.

The blade is properly sharpened

and oiled.

12
Assessment

Modified TRUE or FALSE

Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct but if it is FALSE, change the
underlined word or group of words to make the whole statement true. Write your
answer in your activity notebook.
 1. A poorly maintained piece of equipment can result to safe work environment.
2. Properly maintained tools and equipment increase the cost of maintenance.
3. Oiling metal parts of tools and equipment prevent rust.
4. Defective wooden handles should be replaced.
5. Leaving tools on the floor can cause rusts as they may contact to moisture.
6. Make sure tools are completely dry before storing.
7. Neglect preventive maintenance program of tools and equipment.
8. Identifying potential causes of machinery breakdown is part of an effective
preventive maintenance program.
9. Read and understand the subscriber’s manual before operating.
10. Knowledgeable machinery operators are less productive and cause less
wear on machinery than untrained workers.
11. Keeping detailed service records helps you to track of what type of servicing
has been done, when maintenance was done and when it needs to be done
again on the equipment.
12. Properly store cutting tools with sharp edge up.
13. Label the storage cabinet for immediate finding.
14. Make sure the areas where you are storing the equipment are clean, dry and
not overcrowded.
15. Farm tools and equipment last longer when maintained.

Additional Activities
13

Directions: Copy the table in your activity notebook. Then, look at least 5 farm
tools found in your home. Check whether the tools are functional or not
functional.. Check the appropriate box describing the condition of the tool. An
example is provided below.

Tool Functional Not Remarks

functional (if not functional, state the tools
 condition.)
Dull bolo / Loose handle

Answer Key 14

What’s More
Station 1
Clean the metal part
What’s In What’s New of the shovel with a
1. D 1. Oil brush and soapy
2. A 2. Whetstone water.
3. G 3. Sand paper Station 2
4. F 4. Brush Wipe it using rag.
5. H 5. Rag Station 3
6. C 6. Soap After drying, coat the
7. B 7. Water metal part with oil.
8. E Station 4
9. K Hang the shovel.
10. I
 Assessment
1. unsafe
2. reduce
3. TRUE
4. TRUE
5. TRUE
6. TRUE
7. Follow
8. TRUE
9. manufacturer’s manual
10. more
11. TRUE
12. down
13. TRUE
14. TRUE
15. TRUE

15
References

MyFarm blog. “How to Practically and Effectively Maintain Farm Tools and
Equipment” Accessed May 22, 2020
https://blog.agrihomegh.com/effectively-maintain-farm-tools/

Slideshare.”Proper Storage of Tools and Equipment” Accessed May 22, 2020

https://www.slideshare.net/mattburdan3/group-1-proper-storage-of-tools-
equipment?qid=0c127889-861c-4b06-98c1-
fa5980f779bd&v=&b=&from_search=12

“How To Sharpen Tools” Accessed June 16, 2020

http://www.i4at.org/surv/sharpen.htm

Macallister. “Maintenance Tips and Checklist” Accessed June 20, 2020

https://www.macallister.com/parts-service/maintenance-tips/

16
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region 10

Zone 1, DepEd Building Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang

Cagayan de Oro City, 9000
Telefax: (088) 880 7072
E-mail Address: region10@deped.govph