User Manual Easergy P5 Protection Relay - P5 - EN - M - 44B

Easergy P5
Protection Relay
User Manual
07/2022
Version: P5/EN M/44B
www.se.com
Legal Information
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subsidiaries referred to in this guide are the property of Schneider Electric SE or its
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is" basis. Schneider Electric products and equipment should be installed, operated,
serviced, and maintained only by qualified personnel.
As standards, specifications, and designs change from time to time, information
contained in this guide may be subject to change without notice.
To the extent permitted by applicable law, no responsibility or liability is assumed by
Schneider Electric and its subsidiaries for any errors or omissions in the informational
content of this material or consequences arising out of or resulting from the use of the
information contained herein.
Protection Relay
Table of Contents
General information ..................................................................................13
Legal notice .............................................................................................13
Purpose ...................................................................................................13
Safety information and password protection................................................14
Abbreviations ...........................................................................................15
Range description .....................................................................................18
Introduction ................................................................................................19
Selection guide by application ...................................................................19
Function table ..........................................................................................21
Technical characteristics ...........................................................................24
Environmental characteristics ....................................................................29
Installation ..................................................................................................33
Safety instructions ....................................................................................33
Transport, handling and storage ................................................................35
Transport ...........................................................................................35
Handling ............................................................................................35
Storage ..............................................................................................35
Unpacking................................................................................................36
Equipment receipt...............................................................................36
Package contents ...............................................................................36
Equipment identification ............................................................................38
Dimensions ..............................................................................................42
Operating environment .............................................................................44
Mounting..................................................................................................45
General mounting operations...............................................................45
Flush mounting with accessory ............................................................47
Flush mounting without accessory........................................................50
Rack mounting ...................................................................................52
Rear panel connectors and application diagrams ........................................54
Easergy P5 rear panel.........................................................................54
Typical application diagrams ................................................................61
Wiring on the real panel ............................................................................68
Slot A: analogue module......................................................................68
Digital input connections......................................................................76
Slot B: power supply + digital 4-input/4-output .......................................77
Slot C, D, E: additional digital input/output modules (6I4O/12I4O/
5I5O) .................................................................................................79
Slots D and E: Arc-flash module (for Easergy P5x30 only)......................80
Installing the digital I/O connectors .......................................................80
Wiring accessories for Slot B, C, D, E ...................................................81
Connecting earth/ground .....................................................................81
Optional rear communication ports and modules.........................................84
Location of the communication ports ....................................................84
Installing the modules..........................................................................85
Slot L: Ethernet communication module with RSTP redundancy
(reference REL51042).........................................................................86
Slot M: Ethernet communication module with RSTP redundancy ............87
Slot N: serial line communication modules ............................................89
P5/EN M/44B 3
Protection Relay
Slot P: extension module (reference REL51034) ...................................92

Slot M & N: Ethernet communication module with HSR and PRP
redundancy (reference REL51033) ......................................................93
Other accessories.....................................................................................95
CSH120 (reference 59635), CSH200 (reference 59636), CSH300
(reference 59637) and GO110 (reference 50134) ..................................95
LPVT hub connector (reference EMS59573) ....................................... 100
Voltage adapter (reference EMS59572) .............................................. 102
RJ45 LPCT/LPVT plug ...................................................................... 105
Arc-flash sensor (reference REL52801 to REL52810).......................... 106
MET148-2 - temperature sensor module (reference 59641) ................. 111
IRIG-B module (reference REL51045) ................................................ 114
CT requirements..................................................................................... 116
Phase and neutral overcurrent protection............................................ 116
Practical information ......................................................................... 117
Restricted earth fault protection.......................................................... 117
Calculating the saturation current in class P ........................................ 117
Calculating the saturation current in class PX...................................... 118
LPCT configuration ................................................................................. 120
Introduction ..................................................................................... 120
Benefits of LPCTs ............................................................................. 120
LPCT characteristics ......................................................................... 122
LPCT input characteristics ................................................................. 123
LPCT configuration procedure............................................................ 123
LPVT configuration ................................................................................. 126
Introduction ..................................................................................... 126
Benefits of LPVTs ............................................................................. 126
LPVT characteristics ......................................................................... 127
LPVT input characteristics ................................................................. 128
LPVT configuration procedure ............................................................ 129
LPVT configuration with VT adapter.......................................................... 131
Introduction ..................................................................................... 131
Benefits of VT adapter ....................................................................... 131
EMS59572 adapter characteristics..................................................... 131
LPVT input characteristics ................................................................. 131
EMS59572 VT adapter configuration .................................................. 132
Commissioning ........................................................................................ 133
Principles............................................................................................... 133
Testing tools and equipment .................................................................... 134
Check the digital outputs ......................................................................... 135
Easergy P5 protection relay check ........................................................... 135
Check with the Easergy P5 protection relay de-energised .................... 135
Testing with the Easergy P5 protection relay energised........................ 137
Communication ports ........................................................................ 140
Virtual injections ............................................................................... 140
Secondary injection test .......................................................................... 141
Apply application-specific settings ...................................................... 142
Current inputs................................................................................... 142
Typical voltage measurement modes in Easergy P5 ............................ 143
Voltage inputs................................................................................... 143
LPCT and LPVT inputs ...................................................................... 144
4 P5/EN M/44B
Protection Relay
Check the protection functions ........................................................... 145

Primary injection test............................................................................... 146
Voltage connections.......................................................................... 147
Current connections .......................................................................... 147
LPCT connections............................................................................. 148
Demonstrate circuit breaker operation ................................................ 148
Arc-flash detection system setup and testing ............................................ 149
Setting up the arc-flash system .......................................................... 149
Commissioning and testing................................................................ 149
Final check............................................................................................. 156
Cybersecurity........................................................................................... 157
Cybersecurity overview ........................................................................... 157
Security policy ........................................................................................ 158
Product defense-in-depth ........................................................................ 160
Device security capabilities................................................................ 160
Protected environment assumptions................................................... 161
Potential risks and compensating controls .......................................... 162
Cybersecurity configuration ..................................................................... 164
HMI Auto-login.................................................................................. 165
Roles and rights................................................................................ 165
Login and logout ............................................................................... 167
Basic CS level setting........................................................................ 168
Advanced CS level setting ................................................................. 172
Passwords ............................................................................................. 184
Password complexity ........................................................................ 184
Password reset................................................................................. 184
Port hardening........................................................................................ 187
Security event logging............................................................................. 188
Upgrades management........................................................................... 188
Security functionality verification .............................................................. 189
Use ............................................................................................................ 190
Introduction ............................................................................................ 190
Local panel ............................................................................................ 191
Presentation ..................................................................................... 191
Push buttons .................................................................................... 193
LED indicators .................................................................................. 193
Customising the local panel ............................................................... 194
Introduction to the LCD display ................................................................ 195
Easergy P5 protection relay service cycle ........................................... 195
Menu structure ................................................................................. 196
Login and logout..................................................................................... 201
Login ............................................................................................... 201
Logout ............................................................................................. 201
Adjusting the LCD contrast (for Easergy P5x20)........................................ 201
Changing language ................................................................................ 202
Changing the parameters ........................................................................ 202
Manage the alarm messages................................................................... 204
Matrix operations.................................................................................... 205
Controlling objects .................................................................................. 206
Specific language file change .................................................................. 207
Transferring data to USB memory stick .................................................... 207
P5/EN M/44B 5
Protection Relay
eSetup Easergy Pro................................................................................ 209

Overview.......................................................................................... 209
Operation modes .............................................................................. 210
Setting up the connection .................................................................. 211
Web HMI................................................................................................ 213
Overview.......................................................................................... 213
Device reboot reminder ..................................................................... 213
Firefox ............................................................................................. 214
Internet Explorer in Windows 7........................................................... 215
Edge in Windows 10 ......................................................................... 218
The EcoStruxure Power Device application .............................................. 222
Connecting to protection relays via Ethernet ....................................... 222
Protection functions ................................................................................ 223
General features of protection stages....................................................... 223
Enable/disable protection functions .................................................... 223
Setting groups .................................................................................. 223
Protection stage status ...................................................................... 224
Mode of use for testing purposes........................................................ 224
Start and trip signals ......................................................................... 224
Start and trip counters ....................................................................... 225
Blocking ........................................................................................... 225
Overshoot time ................................................................................. 225
Disengaging time and reset time ........................................................ 226
Hysteresis and reset ratio .................................................................. 227
Time grading for logic selectivity......................................................... 227
Recorded values on the last eight faults.............................................. 228
Dependent time and definite time operation .............................................. 229
Description ....................................................................................... 229
Standard dependent operation delay .................................................. 231
Standard dependent reset delay ........................................................ 232
Programmable dependent time curves ............................................... 233
Cold load pick-up.................................................................................... 235
Description ....................................................................................... 235
Example........................................................................................... 235
Characteristics.................................................................................. 236
Selective Overcurrent Logic (SOL)........................................................... 237
Description ....................................................................................... 237
Operation ......................................................................................... 237
Incomer fault locator (ANSI 21FL) ............................................................ 241
Description ....................................................................................... 241
Example........................................................................................... 242
Feeder fault locator (ANSI 21FL) ............................................................. 244
Description ....................................................................................... 244
Example........................................................................................... 245
Neutral admittance (ANSI 21YN) ............................................................. 247
Description ....................................................................................... 247
Operation ......................................................................................... 248
Block diagram................................................................................... 250
6 P5/EN M/44B
Protection Relay
Synchro-check (ANSI 25) ........................................................................ 253
Description ....................................................................................... 253
Block diagram................................................................................... 255
Undervoltage (ANSI 27) .......................................................................... 257
Description ....................................................................................... 257
Block diagram................................................................................... 259
Positive sequence undervoltage (ANSI 27P)............................................. 261
Description ....................................................................................... 261
Block diagram................................................................................... 262
Characteristic ................................................................................... 263
Directional power (ANSI 32) .................................................................... 264
Description ....................................................................................... 264
Block diagram................................................................................... 264
Wattmetric earth/ground fault (32N) ......................................................... 266
Description ....................................................................................... 266
Four memory modes ......................................................................... 267
Operation ......................................................................................... 268
Tripping direction .............................................................................. 268
Block diagram................................................................................... 269
Phase undercurrent (ANSI 37)................................................................. 272
Description ....................................................................................... 272
Low-current self-blocking................................................................... 272
Block diagram................................................................................... 272
Temperature monitoring (ANSI 38)........................................................... 274
Description ....................................................................................... 274
Block diagram................................................................................... 274
Negative sequence overcurrent (ANSI 46)................................................ 276
Description ....................................................................................... 276
Block diagram................................................................................... 276
Unbalance overcurrent, broken conductor (ANSI 46BC) ............................ 278
Description ....................................................................................... 278
Block diagram................................................................................... 278
Negative sequence overvoltage (ANSI 47) ............................................... 280
Description ....................................................................................... 280
Block diagram................................................................................... 280
Thermal overload protection for feeder (ANSI 49F).................................... 282
Description ....................................................................................... 282
Additional features ............................................................................ 284
Time to trip calculation....................................................................... 284
Block diagram................................................................................... 285
P5/EN M/44B 7
Protection Relay
Motor status ........................................................................................... 288

Description ....................................................................................... 288
General settings ............................................................................... 290
Motor speed detection ............................................................................ 291
Description ....................................................................................... 291
Block diagram................................................................................... 292
Motor start time supervision (ANSI 48) ..................................................... 293
Description ....................................................................................... 293
Block diagram................................................................................... 294
Thermal overload protection for machine (ANSI 49M)................................ 295
Description ....................................................................................... 295
Additional features ............................................................................ 298
Time to trip calculation....................................................................... 299
Time left for motor start...................................................................... 299
Block diagram................................................................................... 301
Locked rotor (ANSI 51LR) ....................................................................... 304
Description ....................................................................................... 304
Block diagram................................................................................... 304
Motor restart inhibition (ANSI 66) ............................................................. 306
Description ....................................................................................... 306
Block diagram................................................................................... 308
Motor overspeed (ANSI 12) ..................................................................... 310
Description ....................................................................................... 310
Block diagram................................................................................... 310
Motor underspeed (ANSI 14) ................................................................... 312
Description ....................................................................................... 312
Block diagram................................................................................... 312
Motor Anti-backspin (ABS) protection....................................................... 314
Description ....................................................................................... 314
Block diagram................................................................................... 314
Emergency restart .................................................................................. 316
Description ....................................................................................... 316
Inrush blocking ....................................................................................... 318
Description ....................................................................................... 318
Block diagram................................................................................... 319
Switch On To Fault (ANSI 50HS).............................................................. 320
Description ....................................................................................... 320
Operation ......................................................................................... 320
Block diagram................................................................................... 321
8 P5/EN M/44B
Protection Relay
Non-directional/directional phase overcurrent protection (ANSI 50/51/

67) ........................................................................................................ 323
Description ....................................................................................... 323
Examples ......................................................................................... 326
Block diagram................................................................................... 328
Voltage-controlled overcurrent ........................................................... 329
High Impedance Busbar Differential Protection ................................... 330
Arc-flash (ANSI 50ARC).......................................................................... 333
Description ....................................................................................... 333
Block diagram................................................................................... 335
Operation ......................................................................................... 335
Circuit breaker failure (ANSI 50BF) .......................................................... 339
Description ....................................................................................... 339
Block diagram................................................................................... 341
Capacitor bank unbalance (ANSI 51C) ..................................................... 343
Description ....................................................................................... 343
Compensation method ...................................................................... 343
Overvoltage (ANSI 59) ............................................................................ 348
Description ....................................................................................... 348
Block diagram................................................................................... 349
Neutral overvoltage (ANSI 59N)............................................................... 351
Description ....................................................................................... 351
Block diagram................................................................................... 352
Capacitor overvoltage (ANSI 59C) ........................................................... 354
Description ....................................................................................... 354
Reactive power of the capacitor bank ................................................. 354
Three separate capacitors connected in star (III Y) .............................. 354
Three phase capacitor connected internally in star (Y) ......................... 355
Overvoltage and reactive power calculation example........................... 355
Block diagram................................................................................... 356
Non-directional/directional earth/ground fault overcurrent (ANSI 50N/
51N/67N) ............................................................................................... 358
Description ....................................................................................... 358
Modes for different network types....................................................... 359
Input signal selection......................................................................... 360
Intermittent earth/ground fault detection.............................................. 361
Faulty phase detection during earth/ground fault ................................. 361
Six independent stages ..................................................................... 363
Block diagram................................................................................... 363
Restricted earth-fault with external connection (high-
impedance) ...................................................................................... 365
Restricted earth fault protection (ANSI 64REF) ......................................... 369
Description ....................................................................................... 369
P5/EN M/44B 9
Protection Relay
Operating modes .............................................................................. 371

Block diagram................................................................................... 374
Transient intermittent earth/ground fault (ANSI 67NI)................................. 377
Description ....................................................................................... 377
Block diagram................................................................................... 377
Operation ......................................................................................... 378
5th harmonic (H5) detection (ANSI 68H5)................................................. 381
Description ....................................................................................... 381
Block diagram................................................................................... 381
Auto-recloser function (ANSI 79).............................................................. 383
Description ....................................................................................... 383
Operation ......................................................................................... 384
Overfrequency (ANSI 81O) ..................................................................... 388
Description ....................................................................................... 388
Block diagram................................................................................... 389
Underfrequency (ANSI 81U).................................................................... 391
Description ....................................................................................... 391
Block diagram................................................................................... 392
Rate of change of frequency (ANSI 81R/81FR) ......................................... 394
Description ....................................................................................... 394
Block diagram................................................................................... 395
Lockout relay (ANSI 86) .......................................................................... 397
Description ....................................................................................... 397
Latch function ................................................................................... 397
Programmable stages (ANSI 99) ............................................................. 398
Description ....................................................................................... 398
Available signals ............................................................................... 399
Eight independent stages .................................................................. 399
Measurement functions.......................................................................... 400
Primary, secondary and per unit scaling ................................................... 400
Scaling settings ................................................................................ 400
Current values .................................................................................. 402
Voltage values .................................................................................. 404
Reading of measurements ...................................................................... 408
Phase currents ....................................................................................... 408
Neutral current ....................................................................................... 409
Frequency.............................................................................................. 409
Voltages ................................................................................................ 410
Neutral voltage ....................................................................................... 412
Power and power factor .......................................................................... 413
Active, reactive, apparent power ........................................................ 413
Power calculation.............................................................................. 413
Cosφ and power factor ...................................................................... 414
Power and current direction ............................................................... 414
10 P5/EN M/44B
Protection Relay
Active and reactive energy ...................................................................... 417
Harmonics and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) ....................................... 418
Demand values ...................................................................................... 419
Minimum and maximum values................................................................ 419
Average current...................................................................................... 421
Voltage sags and swells .......................................................................... 422
Temperature........................................................................................... 424
Control functions ..................................................................................... 425
Digital outputs ........................................................................................ 425
Digital inputs .......................................................................................... 428
Virtual inputs and virtual outputs .............................................................. 433
Matrix .................................................................................................... 435
General information .......................................................................... 435
Output matrix.................................................................................... 436
Blocking matrix ................................................................................. 436
LED matrix ....................................................................................... 438
Object block matrix ........................................................................... 439
Auto-recloser matrix .......................................................................... 439
Arc-flash matrix................................................................................. 439
Releasing latches ................................................................................... 440
Mimic display ......................................................................................... 441
Local panel configuration ........................................................................ 442
Controllable objects ................................................................................ 443
Local or remote control...................................................................... 444
Object control with digital inputs ......................................................... 445
Object control with function keys ........................................................ 445
Object control with I and O buttons ..................................................... 446
Timers ................................................................................................... 446
Logic functions ....................................................................................... 449
Advanced logic....................................................................................... 456
Switchgear control and monitoring ........................................................... 461
Switchgear control and fail-safe position ............................................. 461
Selecting the trip command and examples of use ................................ 462
Programmable switchgear interlocking ..................................................... 464
Local control on single-line diagram ......................................................... 465
Logging and recording functions .......................................................... 466
Time tagging .......................................................................................... 466
Event buffer ........................................................................................... 466
Disturbance recording............................................................................. 469
Fault data logging ................................................................................... 472
Running hour counter ............................................................................. 473
Voltage interruptions ............................................................................... 474
Maximum and minimum values of the last 31 days and 12 months ............. 476
System clock and synchronisation ........................................................... 477
Monitoring functions ............................................................................... 480
Trip circuit supervision (ANSI 74) ............................................................. 480
Description ....................................................................................... 480
Trip circuit supervision scheme .......................................................... 480
Circuit breaker monitoring ....................................................................... 483
P5/EN M/44B 11
Protection Relay
Description ....................................................................................... 483

Parameters of the CB monitoring function ........................................... 486
Current transformer supervision (ANSI 60) ............................................... 488
Description ....................................................................................... 488
Block diagram................................................................................... 489
Voltage transformer supervision (ANSI 60) ............................................... 491
Description ....................................................................................... 491
Block diagram................................................................................... 492
Easergy P5 and bay condition monitoring ................................................. 494
Maintenance ............................................................................................ 495
Safety instructions .................................................................................. 495
Self-monitoring ....................................................................................... 496
Watchdog relay................................................................................. 496
Maintenance/Test LED ...................................................................... 496
Purpose of the self-tests .................................................................... 496
List of self-tests................................................................................. 497
Backup memory ..................................................................................... 498
Preventive maintenance.......................................................................... 502
Introduction ...................................................................................... 502
Intervention frequency....................................................................... 503
Preventive maintenance tasks ........................................................... 504
Arc-flash detection system maintenance............................................. 506
Troubleshooting ..................................................................................... 508
Troubleshooting assistance ............................................................... 508
Troubleshooting the Easergy P5 ........................................................ 508
Troubleshooting the communication modules...................................... 511
Troubleshooting arc-flash system....................................................... 511
Troubleshooting the MET148-2 module .............................................. 512
Firmware upgrade .................................................................................. 513
Replacing the Easergy P5 protection relay ............................................... 514
Change a communication module ............................................................ 517
Return for expert assessment.................................................................. 519
End of life............................................................................................... 519
Revision history ....................................................................................... 520
Order information .................................................................................... 523
Protection relay ...................................................................................... 523
Slot occupation rules............................................................................... 524
Accessories ........................................................................................... 525
12 P5/EN M/44B
General information Protection Relay
General information
Legal notice
Copyright
2021 Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
No responsibility is assumed by Schneider Electric for any consequences arising
out of the use of this document. This document is not intended as an instruction
manual for untrained persons. This document gives instructions on device
installation, commissioning and operation. However, the manual cannot cover all
conceivable circumstances or include detailed information on all topics. In the
event of questions or specific issues, do not take any action without proper
authorisation. Contact Schneider Electric and request the necessary information.
Contact information
35 rue Joseph Monier
92500 Rueil-Malmaison
FRANCE
Phone: +33 (0) 1 41 29 70 00
Fax: +33 (0) 1 41 29 71 00
www.se.com
Purpose
This user manual is intended for electrical power engineering experts, OEMs,
system integrators, communication specialists, and general users of the Easergy
P5 protection relays.
The complete manual is arranged as follows:
• Preliminary sections, with the details of the manual (how to use it, glossary)
and technical data.
• Functions of the protection relay.
Explanations, diagrams and settings of the protection, control, monitoring and
maintenance, measurement, recording and programmable logic functions are
detailed in these sections.
• Installation and commissioning.
• Local control panel use, troubleshooting and maintenance instructions.
The following documents complete this manual:
• Quick Start Guide, delivered in the relay package, summarises instructions
for installation.
• Communication Manual, for the understanding and the setup of the
communication protocols with Easergy P5 protection relays.
• Application Book, for the understanding of specific applications and
describing how the Easergy P5 protection relay functionality can be
expanded.
All above documents are accessible at se.com under this link:https://www.se.com/
ww/en/product-range/62400-easergy-p5-protection-relays/?parent-subcategory-
id=86796&filter=business-6-medium-voltage-distribution-and-grid-
automation#documents
We welcome your comments about this document. You can reach us by
contacting Customer Care Centre Contact page:
http://www.se.com/CCC
P5/EN M/44B 13
Protection Relay General information
Safety information and password protection

Important information
Read these instructions carefully and look at the equipment to become familiar
with the device before trying to install, operate, service or maintain it. The
following special messages may appear throughout this manual or on the
equipment to warn of potential hazards or to call attention to information that
clarifies or simplifies a procedure.
The addition of this symbol to a "Danger" or "Warning" safety label indicates that an
electrical hazard exists which will result in death or serious injury if the instructions
are not followed.
This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential personal injury
hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid possible injury or
death.
DANGER
DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will
result in death or serious injury.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious injury.
WARNING
WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, can
result in death or serious injury.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in death, serious injury, or
equipment damage.
CAUTION
CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, can
result in minor or moderate injury, or equipment damage.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in injury or equipment
damage.
NOTICE
NOTICE is used to address practices not related to physical injury.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in equipment damage.
14 P5/EN M/44B
Abbreviations
Table 1 - Abbreviations used in the manual
Acronyms Indication
Ø Diameter
AC, DC Alternating Current, Direct Current
ACSI Abstract Communication Service Interface

AI, AO Analogue Input, Analogue Output: used in connection with the number of input
and output contacts within the relay and - when necessary - with the slot letter.
CAE EcoStruxure Cybersecurity Admin Expert
CB Circuit Breaker
CID Configured IED Description
CT Current Transformer
CTS Current Transformer Supervision
DCD Device Capabilities Description
DI, DO Digital Input, Digital Output: used in connection with the number of inputs and
output contacts within the relay and - when necessary - with the slot letter.
DG Distributed Generation
DIN rail Standard metal rail used to mount equipment inside ar rack (DIN for Deutsches
Institut für Normung)
DMS Distribution Management System
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
ETH Ethernet Module

FC Function Code
f frequency
GD Threshold of independent time operation.
GOOSE Generic Object Oriented Substation Events: in IEC 61850, type of generic
substation event, for a peer-to-peer communication over Ethernet.
HMI Human Machine Interface

HSR High availability Seamless Redundancy
ICD IED Capability Description
ICT Inductive Current Transformer

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission prepares and publishes
international standards for electrical and electronics technology.
IED Intelligent Electronic Device
IN.CSH Measured neutral current from CSH core-balance CT

IN.CSH.nom Neutral CSH CT primary nominal
IN.calc Calculated neutral current from 3 phase currents
IN.meas Measured neutral current from standard 1A/5A current inputs
IN.nom Standard neutral CT primary nominal
IN.sens Measured neutral current from sensitive 1A input
IN.sens.nom Sensitive neutral CT primary nominal
IVT Inductive Voltage Transformer
I/O Input/Output (e.g. 6I/4O: 6 inputs, 4 outputs): used in connection with the
number of inputs and output contacts within the relay.
In Phase CT primary nominal
Inom Phase CT primary nominal
P5/EN M/44B 15
Protection Relay General information
Table 1 - Abbreviations used in the manual (Continued)
Acronyms Indication
IRIG-B Inter-Range Instrumentation Group time code B: standard for time transfer
LC "Lucent Connector": type of optical connector
LED Light Emitting Diode
LPCT Low Power Current Transformer

LPIT Low Power Instrument Transformer
LPVT Low Power Voltage Transformer
LV, MV Low Voltage, Medium Voltage
max. Maximum
NERC North American Electric Reliability Corporation
NI Network Input
PCT Protective Conductor Terminal (earth/ground)
PLC Programmable Logic Controller
POC Primary Operating Current
PRP Parallel Redundancy Protocol
Pnom Active nominal power
pu Base unit which equals to primary nominal value
QR code Quick Response code: two-dimensional barcode.
RBAC Role Based Access Control: provides a restricting access to authorised users
only (Cybersecurity).
RCA Relay Characteristic Angle
Ref Reference
REF Restricted Earth Fault
RH Relative Humidity
RJ45 Standardised type of connector (eight-wire connector) used for Ethernet

networking (Registered Jack)
RMS Root Mean Square
RoCoF Rate of Change of Frequency
RS485 (or EIA- Standard defining the electrical characteristics of a serial communication
485) interface.
RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol: communication protocol
RTC Real Time Clock

RTD Resistance Temperature Detector
RTU Remote Terminal Unit

SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
SFTP/FTP Secured File Transfer Protocol/File Transfer Protocol

SOL Selective Overcurrent Logic
SRL Serial Module

ST (BFOC) Straight Tip (Bayonet Fibre Optic Connector): type of optical connector
Snom Apparent nominal power
THD Total Harmonic Distortion

TLS Transport Layer Security
TP Time Protocol: communication protocol
UFLS Underfrequency Load Shedding
16 P5/EN M/44B
Table 1 - Abbreviations used in the manual (Continued)
Acronyms Indication
Un Phase VT primary nominal
USB Universal Serial Bus

VI Virtual Input
VN.calc Calculated neutral voltage from 3 phase voltages
VN.meas Measured neutral voltage from neutral voltage input
VO Virtual Output
VT Voltage Transformer
VTS Voltage Transformer Supervision
Vnom VT primary nominal (PP)
Vnom/√3 VT primary nominal (PN)
P5/EN M/44B 17
Protection Relay Range description
Range description
Easergy P5 is a family of digital protection relays for medium voltage
distribution networks dedicated to:
• Buildings and Industry:
◦ Data centers
◦ Retails
◦ Hotels
◦ Health care
◦ Education and research
◦ Transportation
◦ Industrial buildings
• Utilities: energy distribution
• Large sites:
◦ Oil and Gas
◦ Mining
◦ Mineral and Metals
◦ Water
Easergy P5 protection relays are based on proven technology concepts

developed in close cooperation with customers and available in two sizes.
• The Easergy P5x20 combines protection functions for feeder, motor,
transformer and voltage protection in a single application.
• The Easergy P5x30 has modular design that allows user-defined
conventional protection and arc-flash protection solutions both in new and
existing power distribution systems.
Easergy P5 protection relays have been designed around user-friendliness,

a feature which is proven in our customer reports day after day.
• A complete set of protection functions, related to the application
• Optional arc detection (for Easergy P5x30) by point sensors
• Dedicated circuit breaker control with Mimic, push buttons, programmable
function keys, customisable LEDs and alarm
• Multilingual local panel display for customised messaging
• eSetup Easergy Pro software for setting parameters, configuring and network
fault simulation
• Both serial and Ethernet communication, including redundancy and precision
time synchronisation
• Compliant with IEC 61850 edition 1 and 2 standard
• Cybersecurity functionalities
• Back-up memory for fast and easy replacement
• Withdrawability for maintenance
18 P5/EN M/44B
Introduction Protection Relay
Introduction
Selection guide by application
Table 2 - Easergy P5 protection relay selection guide
Easergy P5x20 Easergy P5x30
Voltage - P5V20 -
Feeder P5F30
Transformer P5U20 - -
Motor P5M30
Characteristics
Phase current 1/5A CT (x3) LPCT (x3) - 1/5A CT (x3) LPCT (x3)
Analogue Neutral current 1/5A CT & 1A CT or CSH - 1/5A CT & 1A CT CSH

inputs CSH or CSH
Voltage - LPVT (x4)1 VT (x4) VT (x4) LPVT (x4)1
Arc-flash sensor inputs - 0 to 6 point sensors
Inputs 4 to 16 4 to 40
Digital
Outputs 3 to 8 + watchdog 3 to 18 + watchdog
Temperature sensor inputs 0 to 16 (external modules) - 0 to 16 (external modules)
Front ports Mini-USB port for

configuration tool ■ ■
USB port for USB

key ■ ■
Communication
Extension port with
backup memory ■ ■ ■
Serial port ■ ■ ■
Rear ports
Ethernet port ■ ■ ■
2nd Ethernet port - - ■
IEC 61850 Ed.1

■ ■ ■
and Ed.2
IEC 60870-5-103 ■ ■ ■
IEC 60870-5-101 ■ ■ ■
DNP3 serial and

Protocols ■ ■ ■
Ethernet
Modbus slave serial
■ ■ ■
and Ethernet
Modbus master ■ ■ ■
EtherNet/IP ■ ■ ■
RSTP ■ ■ ■
Redundancy
protocols PRP ■ ■ ■
HSR ■ ■ ■
1. Resistive divider or capacitive divider LPVTs can be connected to the Easergy P5 protection relay.
P5/EN M/44B 19
Protection Relay Introduction
Table 2 - Easergy P5 protection relay selection guide (Continued)
Pulse, IRIG-B ■ ■ ■
Time
synchronisa- SNTP, PTP IEEE
tion 1588-2008 / IEC ■ ■ ■
61588:2009
Others
Control 6 controlled + 2 monitored objects
Matrix ■ ■ ■
Logic equations ■ ■ ■
Logic
Advanced logic
compliant IEC
■ ■ ■
61131-3 and IEC
61499
Cybersecurity RBAC according to IEC 62351 standard
Withdrawability ■ ■ ■
20 P5/EN M/44B
Function table
Table 3 - Easergy P5 protection relay function selection table
IEC 61850 Logical ANSI P5U20 P5U20 P5V20 P5F30 P5M30

node2 code CT LPCT/ VT CT/VT CT/VT
variant LPVT variant variant variant
variant LPCT/ LPCT/
LPVT LPVT
variant variant
Protection functions
Non-directional/directional phase P5OCPTOCx 50/51/67 64 6 - 6 6
overcurrent3
Non-directional/directional earth/ P5DEFUPTOCx 50N/51N/ 6 6 - 6 6
ground fault overcurrent5 67N
Wattmetric earth/ground fault P5EFPDOPx 32N - - - 2 2
Transient intermittent earth/ground P5IOIOPTEF1 67NI - - - 1 -

fault
Capacitor bank unbalance P5CAPPTOCx 51C 2 - - 2 -
Unbalance overcurrent P5NEGPTOCx 46 2 2 - 2 2

Broken conductor P5UIBCPTOC1 46BC 2 2 - 2 2
Cold load pick up (CLPU) P5CLPPIOC1 1 1 - 1 1
Selective overcurrent logic (SOL) P5SOLPIOC1 68 1 1 - 1 1
Switch On To fault (SOTF) P5SOTFPIOC1 50HS 1 1 - 1 1
5th harmonic detection P5HAR5PTOC1 68H5 1 1 - 1 1

Circuit breaker failure P5CBFPPIOCx 50BF 1 1 1 1 1
Directional power P5REVPPDOP1 32 - 2 - 2 2
P5REVPPDOP2
Fault locator P5FLRFLO1 21FL - - - 1 -
Auto-Recloser P5ARRREC1 79 1 1 - 1 -
Arc-flash protection P5ARCMPIOCx 50ARC - - - 8 8
Thermal overload protection for motor P5THMPTTR1 49M 1 1 - - 1
Thermal overload protection for feeder P5THFPTTR1 49F 1 1 - 1 -
Temperature monitoring P5RTDGAPCx 38 16 16 - 16 16
Phase undercurrent P5UCPTUCx 37 1 1 - 1 1

Motor start-up supervision, locked P5STALPMSS1 48/51LR 1 1 - - 1
rotor P5LRPMSS1
Motor restart inhibition P5FSTPMRI1 66 1 1 - - 1
Motor speed detection6 P5MSPDPMSS1 1 1 - - 1
Motor overspeed6 P5MOTPOVSx 12 2 2 - - 2
Motor underspeed6 P5MOTPZSUx 14 2 2 - - 2
Motor Anti-backspin ABS P5MABSPMSS1 1 1 - - 1
Inrush P5IDPHAR1 68H2 1 1 - 1 1

Overvoltage P5OVPTOVx 59 - 3 3 3 3
Undervoltage P5UVPTUVx 27 - 3 3 3 3
Positive sequence undervoltage P5UVPSPTUVx 27P - - 2 - 2
2. The x at the end of the logical node name in this column corresponds to the number of the stages of protection functions and the number
of the objects for control and monitoring functions.
3. Only non-directional phase overcurrent is available in P5U20.
4. Non-directional only
5. Only non-directional earth/ground fault overcurrent is available in P5U20.
6. This protection function is only available when 12I4O module is fitted in the Easergy P5 protection relay.
P5/EN M/44B 21
Table 3 - Easergy P5 protection relay function selection table (Continued)

variant LPCT/ LPCT/
LPVT LPVT
variant variant
Capacitor overvoltage P5CAPPTOV1 59C 1 - - 1 -
Neutral voltage displacement P5UOPTOVx 59N - 3 3 3 3
Overfrequency P5OFPTOFx 81O - 2 2 2 2
Underfrequency P5UFPTUFx 81U - 8 8 8 8
Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) P5DFDTPFRCx 81R/ - 9 9 9 -

81FR
Synchro-check P5RSYN1 25 - - 1 1 -
Lockout relay 86 1 1 1 1 1
Programmable stages P5PSGAPCx 99 8 8 8 8 8
Programmable curves 3 3 3 3 3
Negative sequence overvoltage P5NEGPTOVx 47 - 2 2 2 2
Neutral admittance P5EFPADMx 21YN - - - 2 2

Restricted earth fault (low impedance) P5REFPDIF1 64REF 18 - - 18 18
Restricted earth-fault with external 87N A8 9 - - A8 9 A8 9

connection (high-impedance)
High impedance busbar differential 87BB A8 9 - - A8 9 A8 9
Voltage-controlled overcurrent 51V A9 A9 - A9 A9
Setting groups 4 4 4 4 4
Monitoring functions
CT supervision P5CTSGGIO1 60 1 1 - 1 1
VT supervision P5VTSGGIO1 60 - 1 1 1 1
Trip circuit supervision 74 1 1 1 1 1
Circuit breaker monitoring P5CBWAGGIO1 1 1 - 1 1
Relay monitoring ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Control functions
Switchgear control and monitoring P5OBJCSWIx 6 6 6 6 6
Switchgear monitoring only P5OBJCSWIx 2 2 2 2 2
Programmable switchgear interlocking ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Local control on single-line diagram ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Local control with O/I keys ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Local/remote function ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Function keys 1 1 1 7 7
Custom logic (logic equations) ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Advanced logic engine ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Control with EcoStruxure Power ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Device (smartphone, tablet
application)
Logs and Records
8. Only available when Slot A with 3 phase CT + 2 neutral CT option.
9. Function can be realized by application guidelines.
22 P5/EN M/44B
Table 3 - Easergy P5 protection relay function selection table (Continued)

variant LPCT/ LPCT/
LPVT LPVT
variant variant
Sequence of event record ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Disturbance record P5DRRDRE1 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Tripping context record ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Relay maintenance data log ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Security data log ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Measurement
RMS current values P5RMSAMMXU1 ■ ■ - ■ ■
RMS voltage values P5RMSVMMXU1 - ■ ■ ■ ■
RMS active, reactive and apparent P5RMSPMMXU1 - ■ - ■ ■

power
Frequency P5VECAMMXUx ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
Fundamental frequency current values ■ ■ - ■ ■
Fundamental frequency voltage values P5VECVMMXU1 - ■ ■ ■ ■
Fundamental frequency active, - ■ - ■ ■

reactive and apparent power values
Power factor P5VECPMMXU1 - ■ - ■ ■
Active and reactive of energy values - ■ - ■ ■
Demand values: phase currents ■ ■ - ■ ■
Demand values: active, reactive, - ■ - ■ ■

apparent power and power factor
Maximum demand values: phase ■ ■ - ■ ■

currents
Minimum and maximum demand ■ ■ - ■ ■
values: RMS phase currents
Minimum and maximum demand P5SRDMMXUx - ■ - ■ ■

values: active, reactive, apparent
power and power factor
Minimum and maximum demand - ■ - ■ ■

values over the last 31 days and 12
months: active, reactive and apparent
power
Minimum and maximum values: ■ ■ - ■ ■

currents
Minimum and maximum values: - ■ ■ ■ ■
voltages
Minimum and maximum values: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

frequency
Minimum and maximum values: active, - ■ - ■ ■

reactive, apparent power and power
factor
Harmonic values of phase current and P5HIMHAI1 ■ ■ - ■ ■
THD P5THDIMHAI1
Harmonic values of voltage and THD P5HUMHAI1 - ■ ■ ■ ■
P5THDUMHAI1
Voltage sags and swells - ■ ■ ■ ■
P5/EN M/44B 23
Technical characteristics
Table 4 - Easergy P5 protection relay technical characteristics
Characteristic Value
Power system frequency
Rated frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz
Power supply
Operating range DC: 24 to 250 V DC, ±20% DC: 48 to 250 V DC, ±20%
AC: 100 to 230 V AC, ±20% AC: 100 to 230 V AC, ±20%
Optional:
DC: 24 to 48 V DC, ±20%
AC frequency operating range 50 Hz, ±10%; 60 Hz, ±10%
Maximum continuous withstand 300 V DC max, 276 V AC max
Inrush current for start-up I < 3 A , t < 5 ms, 100 V AC
I < 5 A , t < 6 ms, 230 V AC
I < 4 A, t < 6 ms, 48 V DC
I < 8 A, t < 4 ms, 250 V DC
Burden DC Quiescent stage: 4 W, maximum load: 6 W at Quiescent stage: 8 W, maximum load: 11 W at

48 V DC 48 V DC
Quiescent stage: 4 W, maximum load: 6 W at Quiescent stage: 8 W, maximum load: 11 W at

250 V DC 250 V DC
Burden AC Quiescent stage: 10 VA, maximum: 15 VA at Quiescent stage: 20 VA, maximum: 22 VA at
230 V AC 230 V AC
Quiescent stage: 8 VA, maximum: 10 VA at Quiescent stage: 13 VA, maximum: 15 VA at
100 V AC 100 V AC
RTC retention time
RTC retention time 1 month typical11
Phase CT inputs
CT rated primary current 10 A to 20 kA
CT secondary phase current 1 A or 5 A
Linear range 60 x CT rated current
Thermal withstand Continuous: 20 A; 1 s: 500 A
Input impedance < 0.02 Ω (not connected)
Burden < 0.02 VA at 1 A; < 0.5 VA at 5 A
LPCT inputs
Nominal current 2.5 A to 20 kA

LPCT rated primary current 10 A to 5 kA
LPCT rated secondary voltage 22.5 mV
Current factor 0.25; 0.50; 1.00; 1.25; 1.33; 2.00; 2.50; 3.20; 4.00; 5.00; 6.30; 6.66; 10; 16; 20; 25; 31.5
Linear range 45 x Nominal current
Standard earth/ground fault CT inputs
CT rated earth/ground fault current 1 A, 2 A or 5 A
Thermal withstand Continuous: 20 A; 1 s: 500 A
11. This value can be impacted by high temperature exposition during a long time.
24 P5/EN M/44B
Table 4 - Easergy P5 protection relay technical characteristics (Continued)
Burden < 0.02 VA at 1 A; < 0.08 VA at 2 A; < 0.5 VA at 5 A
CSH core balance inputs
CSH rated primary current 2 A or 20 A
CT ratio 1/470
Linear range 42.5 x rated primary current
Thermal input withstand Continuous: 300 A (primary); 1 s: 18 kA (primary)

< 4 Ω between CSH120, CSH200, CSH300 or GO 110 and the Easergy P5 protection relay
Burden < 10 mVA at 0.1 A; < 50 mVA at 5 A
Sensitive earth/ground fault CT
CT rated secondary current 1A
Thermal withstand Continuous: 4 A

1 s: 100 A
Input impedance < 0.03 Ω
Burden < 30 mVA at 1 A

VT inputs
VT rated primary voltage 100 V to 500 kV
VT rated secondary rated range 25 V to 250 V
Voltage withstand Continuous: 276 V AC
Input impedance > 100 kΩ
Rated frequency 50 Hz and 60 Hz
Burden < 0.05 VA at 75 V;
< 0.5 VA at 200 V

LPVT inputs
Nominal voltage 18.75 V to 500 kV
LPVT rated primary voltage 75 V to 500 kV
LPVT rated secondary voltage 3.25 V / √3
Voltage factor 0.25 to 1.5
Digital inputs
Operating nominal voltage 24 V DC to 250 V DC

100 V AC to 230 V AC
Voltage threshold 40% to 80% of nominal voltage
Voltage withstand 300 V DC / 275 V AC
Common mode insulation Basic insulation 2500 V DC 1 min

Reset threshold 20% to 60% of nominal voltage
Voltage threshold resolution 1%
Debounce filter12 Settable: 0 ms to 100 ms (Default value: 10 ms)
Threshold accuracy ± 10% of nominal voltage or ± 2 V
12. A setting below 10 ms can be used for testing only. It is not recommended during operation.
P5/EN M/44B 25
Max. current < 2 mA

Input current Nominal voltage: 24 V to 110 V
Inrush: 9.0 mA last 10 ms
Continuous: 2.1 mA
Nominal voltage: 110.1 V to 220 V
Inrush: 4.5 mA last 10 ms
Continuous: 1.3 mA
Maximum activation time DC < 1 ms
AC < 20 ms
Reset time < 0.5 ms
Debounce time Adjustable (by software) from 1 ms up to 20 ms, with 1 ms steps
Burden < 0.5 W in DC

< 0.5 VA in AC
Control relay outputs
Easergy P5x20 power supply DO1 - DO2 - DO3 Slot B
Easergy P5x30 power supply DO2 - DO3 Slot B
Easergy P5x20 5I5O module DO1 - DO2 - DO3 Slot C
Easergy P5x30 5I5O module DO1 - DO2 - DO3 Slot C, D, E
Easergy P5x30 arc-flash module DO1 - DO2 Slot D, E
According to IEC 60255-1 and IEC 61810-1
Contact rated voltage 250 V DC or 230 V AC, 50/60 Hz
Continuous current 8A
Short duration carry current 30 A for 3 s
Making capacity 10000 operations

1000 W with L/R = 40 ms, 250 V DC
2000 VA 230 V AC
Duty cycle 1 s ON, 9 s OFF
Breaking capacity 10000 operations

50 W with L/R = 40 ms, 250 V DC
2000 VA 230 V AC
Dielectric withstand across normally 1 kV rms AC for 1 minute

open contacts
According to IEEE C37.90 standard
Make and carry 2000 operations make and carry 30 A DC

Duty cycle 200 ms ON, 15 s OFF (current is interrupted by independent means at the end of each
ON cycle)
Dielectric withstand across normally 1.5 kV rms AC for 1 minute

open contacts
Other characteristics
5 A DC with L/R = 50 ms

0.25 A DC with L/R = 50 ms
Short duration making capacity 10 A for 1 s;

15 A for 0.3 s;
30 A for 0.2 s;
40 A for 0.03 s
Minimum making current 10 mA with 50 mW minimum
Closing/opening time 7 ms (typical value), 3.5 ms + 3.5 ms for contact bounce, resistive load
Contact material Ag alloy
Number of operations unloaded 100000
26 P5/EN M/44B
High speed, high break control relay output

Easergy P5x30 power supply DO1 Slot B
Easergy P5x20 5I5O module DO4 - DO5 Slot C
Easergy P5x30 5I5O module DO4 - DO5 Slot C, D, E
Continuous current 10 A
Short duration carry current 30 A for 3 s
Making and breaking capacity 10000 operations

2500 W with L/R = 40 ms 250 V DC
2300 VA 230 V AC
Dielectric withstand across normally None – due to Solid State Devices across normally open contact
open contacts
According to IEEE C37.90 standard
Make and carry 2000 operations make and carry 30 A DC

Duty cycle 200 ms ON, 15 s OFF (current is interrupted by independent means at the end of each
ON cycle)
Dielectric withstand across normally None – due to Solid State Devices across normally open contact
open contacts
0.25 A DC with L/R = 50 ms
Short duration making capacity 10 A for 1 s;
15 A for 0.3 s;
30 A for 0.2 s;
40 A for 0.03 s
Closing time 1 ms (typical value) for the high-speed contact relay DO1 (Easergy P5x30)
Opening time 20 ms (typical value), resistive load
P5/EN M/44B 27
Signalling relay outputs

Watchdog power supply, Slot B
Easergy P5x20 6I4O/12I4O module all DOs Slot C
Easergy P5x30 6I4O/12I4O module all DOs Slot C, D, E
Easergy P5x30 arc-flash module DO3 Slot D, E
Continuous current 2A
Short duration carry current 30 A for 200 ms

1000 W with L/R = 40 ms 250 V DC
1150 VA 230 V AC

30 W with L/R = 40 ms 250 V DC
1150 VA 230 V AC
Dielectric withstand across normally 1 kV rms AC for 1 minute

open contacts
Making and breaking capacity 10000 operations
Closing/opening time 7 ms (typical value) 3.5 ms + 3.5 ms for contact bounce, resistive load
Size and weight
Size (Width x Height x Depth) 102/180/224 mm (4.01/7.08/ 8.82 in) 152.4/180/224 mm (6/7.08/8.82 in)
Weight ≤ 2.5 kg (5.51 lb) ≤ 3.3 kg (7.28 lb)
28 P5/EN M/44B
Environmental characteristics
WARNING
UNEXPECTED OPERATION
Install the Easergy P5 protection relay according to the environmental
characteristics described in the table below.
equipment damage.
According to the informative annex of IEC 60255-1 standard edition 1, all the
environmental tests are performed at the minimum settings which helps ensure
the robustness of the Easergy P5 protection relay.
All the digital inputs have been tested with 10 ms of debounce filter.
Table 5 - Easergy P5 protection relay environmental characteristics
Characteristic Description/Value
Power Supply
Characteristics Standard Level/Class Value

Voltage dips (DC) IEC 61000-4-29 500 ms voltage dips 0%, 250 V DC and above, Criteria A;
150 ms voltage dips 0%, 110 V DC;
GOST 30804.4 100 ms voltage dips 0%, 48 V DC;
50 ms voltage dips 0%, 24 V DC
Ripple (DC) IEC 61000-4-17 15%; 100 Hz / 120 Hz, Criteria A
Voltage dips (AC) IEC 61000-4-11 Criteria A,

30 cycles, voltage dips 0%, 230 V AC;
GOST 30804.4 10 cycles, voltage dips 0%, 110 V AC
Product Safety
Insulation Characteristics Standard Value

Insulation resistance IEC 60255-27 > 100 MΩ at 500 V DC
Using only electronic/brushless insulation tester.
Protection class IEC 60255-27 Class I

Creepage distances and IEC 60255-27 Pollution degree 2, Overvoltage category Ⅲ
clearances
High voltages withstand IEC 60255-27 2 kV rms AC, 1 min:
(dielectric) between all case terminals connected together, and the case
earth/ground;
2 kV rms AC, 1 min:

between all terminals of independent circuits;
1 kV rms AC for 1 min:

across normally open control and signalling contacts;
1.5 kV DC for 1 min;

communication port;
None for High Speed, High Break control relay output due to
solid state devices across normally open contact.
IEEE C37.90 1.5 kV rms, 1 min: across open tripping contacts
Impulse voltage IEC 60255-27 5 kV, 1.2/50 μs, 0.5 J between all terminals of independent
circuits, and all terminals and case earth/ground.
P5/EN M/44B 29
Table 5 - Easergy P5 protection relay environmental characteristics (Continued)
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Characteristics Standard Level/Class Value

Emission test
Radiated disturbances CISPR22 Class A
CISPR11
IEC 60255-26
GOST-30805.22
IACS-E10 For equipment installed in the general power distribution zone.
Conducted disturbances CISPR 22 Class A
IEC 60255-26
GOST-30805.22
IACS-E10 For equipment installed in the general power distribution zone.
Radiated disturbances immunity tests
Radiated radio frequency fields IEC 61000-4-3 Level 3 10 V/m, 80 MHz to 6 GHz, 80% AM (1 kHz)
ANSI C37.90.2 20 V/m, 80 MHz to 1GHz, 80% AM (1 kHz)
GOST R 50746 10 V/m, 80 MHz to 1 GHz

AM 80% (1 kHz and pulse 200 Hz)
30 V/m, 800 MHz to 960 MHz/1.4 GHz to 6 GHz
IACS E10 Level 3 10 V/m, 100 kHz and 1 MHz, 2 s
Electrostatic discharges IEC 61000-4-2 Level 4 15 kV air, 8 kV contact
ANSI C37.90.3 15 kV air, 8 kV contact
Magnetic field at power IEC 61000-4-8 Level 5 100 A/m continuous; 1000 A/m, 1 to 3 s
frequency
Pulse magnetic fields IEC 61000-4-9 Level 5 1000 A/m
Oscillatory magnetic fields IEC 61000-4-10 Level 5 100 A/m, 100 kHz and 1 MHz
Conducted Radio Frequency disturbances
Conducted Radio Frequency IEC 61000-4-6 Level 3 10 V rms common mode, 0.15 MHz to 80 MHz, 80% AM
disturbance (1 kHz)
Fast transient bursts IEC 61000-4-4 Level 4 4 kV common mode, 5 kHz, 100 kHz
ANSI C37.90.1 4 kV, 5 kHz, common mode and transversal mode
IACS E10 2 kV power supply, 1 kV digital I/O, 5 min, 5 kHz
Slow damped oscillatory waves IEC 61000-4-18 Level 3 2.5 kV common mode
1 kV differential mode, 100 kHz, 1 MHz
ANSI C37.90.1 2.5 kV, 1 MHz, common mode and transversal mode
IEC 61000-4-12 Level 3 2 kV common mode; 1 kV, differential mode, 100 kHz,
Source impedance: 12 Ω
GOST 30804.4.12
Fast damped oscillatory waves IEC 61000-4-18 Level 3 2 kV common mode, 3 MHz, 10 MHz, 30 MHz
Conducted disturbances 0 to IEC 60255-26 Zone A 150 V rms, differential mode; 300 V rms, common mode.
150 kHz
GOST 51317.4.6 Level 3 Continuous: 30 V rms
Short: 300 V rms
5 Hz – 150 kHz: 30 V rms
Surges13 IEC 61000-4-5 Level 4 4 kV, common mode; 2 kV, differential mode
13. When protection function 50N/51N/50G/51G/67N is used and I0 is measured with CSH core balance CT, it is recommended to use
operation time of 50 ms at the lowest pickup value setting.
30 P5/EN M/44B
Environmental conditions
Operation
Characteristics Standard Test Method Value

Exposure to cold IEC 60068-2-1 Ad -40℃ (-40℉), 96 hours.
Exposure to dry heat IEC 60068-2-2 Bd +70℃ (+158℉), 96 hours;

+85℃ (+185℉), 16 hours
Exposure to damp heat IEC 60068-2-78 Cab 40 ℃ (+104 ℉), 93% ± 3% RH, 56 days,
without condensation
Temperature variation IEC 60068-2-14 Nc -40℃ to +70℃ (-40℉ to +158℉), 10℃/min (18℉/min)
96 hours
Damp heat cyclic test IEC 60068-2-30 Db 55℃ (131 °F), 93% ± 3% RH and 25℃ (77 °F), 97% -2% +3%
RH, with condensation, 6 cycles (12 h + 12 h)
Variant 1
Storage
Exposure to cold IEC 60068-2-1 Ab -40℃ (-40℉), 96 hours
Exposure to dry heat IEC 60068-2-2 Bb +85℃ (+185℉), 96 hours
Exposure to damp heat IEC 60068-2-78 Cab 40 ℃ (+104℉), 93% ± 3% RH, without condensation
Temperature variation IEC 60068-2-14 Nc -40℃ to +70℃ (-40℉ to +158℉)

transfer time: 10℃/min (18℉/min)
Corrosive atmosphere
Salt mist IEC 60068-2-52 Kb 4 spraying periods of 2 hours with a storage of 7 days after
Severity 1 each
2 Gas IEC 60068-2-60 Ke +25℃ (+77℉), 75% RH, 21 days,

method 1: 0.5 ppm SO2; 0.1 ppm H2S.
4 Gas IEC 60068-2-60 Ke +25℃ (+77℉), 75% RH, 21 days,

method 4: 0.11 ppm SO2; 0.071 ppm H2S; 0.034 ppm CI2, 0.26
ppm NO2.
(according to IEC 60721-3-3:2002 3C2 environment)
Mechanical Robustness
Characteristics Standard Level Value
In operation (flush mounted case with REL51032: panel mounting kit with flush mounting accessory)
Vibrations IEC 60255-21-1 Class 2 1 Gn, 3 Hz to 200 Hz
GOST 17516.1 0.015 mm peak, 0.5 Hz to 57.6 Hz

1 Gn, 57.6 Hz to 150 Hz
IACS E10 2 Hz to 13.2 Hz - amplitude ±1mm

13.2 Hz to 100 Hz - acceleration ±0.75 Gn
Shocks IEC 60255-21-2 Class 2 10 Gn, 11 ms
Earthquakes IEC 60255-21-3 Class 2 2 Gn horizontal; 1 Gn vertical
Storage (flush mounted case with REL51032: panel mounting kit with flush mounting accessory)
Vibration IEC 60255-21-1 Class 2 2 Gn, 10 Hz to 150 Hz
GOST 17516.1 2 Gn, 0.5 Hz to 150 Hz
Shocks IEC 60255-21-2 Class 2 30 Gn, 11 ms
Bumps IEC 60255-21-2 Class 2 20 Gn, 16 ms
P5/EN M/44B 31
Enclosure
Local panel IEC 62262 IK07 Degree of protection against mechanical impacts
IEC 60529 IP54 Front panel
IP54 Mounted in panel with flush mounting accessory
IP41 Mounted in panel without accessory
NEMA Type 12
Rear panel IEC 60529 IP10 Area with ring terminal connection (analogue inputs)
Fire resistance
Flammability IEC 60695-11-10 class V-1 minimum
Packaging
Resistance to shocks by free fall IEC 60068-2-31 1 m (3.28 ft)

(with packaging)
Cybersecurity
Certification Achilles Level I Certification number: 453–071119

Level II14 Certification number: 500–101420
IEC 62443-4-1 Security for industrial automation and control systems: Secure
product development life-cycle requirements.
IEC 62443-4-2 Security Level 1 (SL Security for industrial automation and control systems:
1)15 Technical security requirements for IACS components.
Certification/declaration
EN / IEC 60255-26:2013 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) directive 2014/30/EU
European Commission's EN 60255-27:2014 / IEC 60255- Electrical Equipment (Safety) directive 2014/35/EU
directives 27:2013
EN IEC 63000:2018 / Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in
IEC 63000:2016 Electrical and Electronic Equipment (ROHS) directive 2015/
863/EU
UL 508 File E354250, NRGU
ANSI/IEEE C37.90
CAN/CSA C22.2 No.14
UL Standards
ЕАЭС RU C-FR.АЖ40.В.00943/20 Hardware variants with P5xxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxH
Eurasian Customs Union

BS EN 60255–26:2013 / IEC 60255– Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) regulations SI 2016 No.
26:2013 1091
United Kingdom regulations BS EN 60255–27:2014 / IEC 60255– Electrical Equipment (Safety) regulations SI 2016 No. 1101
27:2013
BS EN IEC 63000:2018 / IEC Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in
63000:2016 Electrical and Electronic Equipment (ROHS) regulations SI
2012 No. 3032
14. EtherNet/IP protocol is not included in Level II certification.

15. Easergy P5 with Advanced Cybersecurity level (P5xxx-xxxx-xxxxx-xxxBx or P5xxx-xxxx-xxxxx-xxxDx) and Cybersecurity Admin Expert
(CAE) is certified.
32 P5/EN M/44B
Installation Protection Relay
Installation
Safety instructions
This page contains important safety instructions that must be followed precisely
before attempting to install, repair, service or maintain electrical equipment.
Carefully read and follow the safety instructions described below. Only qualified
personnel, equipped with appropriate individual protection equipment, may work
on or operate the equipment. Qualified personnel are:
• Familiar with the installation, commissioning, and operation of the equipment
and of the system to which it is being connected.
• Able to safely perform switching operations in accordance with accepted
safety engineering practices and are authorised to energise and de-energise
equipment and to isolate, earth/ground, and label it.
• Trained in the care and use of safety apparatus in accordance with safety
engineering practices.
• Trained in emergency procedures (for example, first aid).
DANGER
HAZARD OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, EXPLOSION OR ARC FLASH
• Turn off all power supplying the protection relay and the equipment in which
it is installed before working on it.
• Always use a properly rated voltage sensing device to confirm that power is
off.
• Apply appropriate personal protective equipment and follow safe electrical
work practices. See local regulation.
• Do not install this product in ATEX class 0, 1 and 2 areas.
DANGER
FIRE HAZARD
If you are authorised to withdraw the relay:
• Disconnect the power supply before removing or replacing a module or the
withdrawable part of the protection relay.
• Never touch electronic parts (electrostatic discharge).
• Before replacing the withdrawable part, clean all debris and contaminants
from the case, the withdrawable part, and the connectors.
• Apply proper tightening torque to all wire connections.
WARNING
UNEXPECTED OPERATION
Do not energise the primary circuit before this protection relay is properly
configured.
equipment damage.
P5/EN M/44B 33
Protection Relay Installation
Protection Class I equipment

Before energising the equipment it must be earthed/grounded using the protective
conductor terminal, if provided, or the appropriate termination of the supply plug in
the case of plug connected equipment.
The protective conductor (earth/ground) connection must not be removed since
the protection against electric shock provided by the equipment would be lost.
When the protective (earth/ground) conductor terminal (PCT) is also used to
terminate cable screens, etc., it is essential that the integrity of the protective
(earth/ground) conductor is checked after the addition or removal of such
functional earth/ground connections. For M4 stud PCTs the integrity of the
protective (earth/ground) connections should be ensured by use of a locknut or
similar.
The recommended minimum protective conductor (earth/ground) wire size is 2.5
mm² (AWG 14) (3.3 mm² (AWG 12) for North America) unless otherwise stated in
the technical data section of the equipment documentation, or otherwise required
by local or country wiring regulations.
The protective conductor (earth/ground) connection must be low-inductance and
as short as possible.
All connections to the equipment must have a defined potential. Connections that
are pre-wired, but not used, should preferably be grounded when digital inputs
and output relays are isolated. When digital inputs and output relays are
connected to common potential, the pre-wired but unused connections should be
connected to the common potential of the grouped connections.
34 P5/EN M/44B
Transport, handling and storage

Transport
In its original packing, a protection relay can be shipped to any destination by all
usual means of transport.
If installed in a cubicle, the protection relay can be transported by all usual means
of transport in the customary conditions used for cubicles. Storage conditions
should be taken into consideration for a long period of transport.
Handling
Protective relays, although generally of robust construction, require careful
handling: handle the Easergy P5 protection relays in their original packing in order
to help protect it against damage.
If installed in a cubicle: should the protection relay fall out of a cubicle, check its
condition by visual inspection and energising.
Storage
NOTICE
WATER DAMAGE
• Do not expose the products to sustained humidity during storage.
• Electrically energise the products within three months of unpacking.
• Where electrical equipment is being installed, allow sufficient time for
acclimatisation to the ambient temperature of the environment before
powering on.
• Supply power to the protection relay every two years for at least one hour.
Failure to follow these instructions can reduce the product life span.
If Easergy P5 protection relays are not to be installed immediately upon receipt,

they should be stored in a place free from dust, humidity and moisture in their
original packaging. Easergy P5 can be stored in its original packaging, in an
appropriate location for several years:
• Temperature between -25℃ and +70℃ (between -13℉ and +158℉)
• Humidity < 90%
Care should be taken on subsequent unpacking so that any dust collected on the
carton does not fall inside. In locations of high humidity, the carton and packing
may become impregnated with moisture and the de-humidifier crystals will lose
their efficiency.
Periodic, yearly checking of the environment and the packaging condition is
recommended: the relay should be powered on for one hour every two years.
Once the protection relay has been unpacked, it should be energised as soon as
possible in an appropriate environment in term of temperature, humidity and
pollution.
If protection relay is installed in a cubicle, keep the cubicle protection packing as
long as possible. The protection relay, like all electronic units, should not be stored
in a damp environment for more than a month. The protection relay should be
energised as quickly as possible. If this is not possible, the cubicle reheating
system should be activated.
P5/EN M/44B 35
Unpacking
Equipment receipt
NOTICE
PRODUCT TAMPERING
Our products leave our factory in closed, sealed original packaging. At delivery,
if the packaging is opened or the seal is broken, Schneider Electric must be
informed.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in compromised
confidentiality and authenticity of the information contained in the
products.
An Easergy P5 protection relay is shipped in a cardboard box which helps protect

it against any shocks received in transport.
Protection relays that are supplied unmounted and not intended for immediate
installation should be returned to their protective plastic bags and delivery carton.
Package contents
Each Easergy P5 protection relay is delivered in an independent package
containing:
• An Easergy P5 protection relay
◦ 1a: Easergy P5x20
◦ 1b: Easergy P5x30
• A certificate of conformity ②
• An installation sheet providing main information about installation and use ③
• One plastic bag including a set of labels and stickers, and the cabling kit for
connector A
◦ 4a-1: pack for Easergy P5x20 of CT/VT analogue input type
◦ 4a-2: pack for Easergy P5U20 of LPCT/LPVT analogue input type
◦ 4b-1: pack for Easergy P5x30 of CT/VT analogue input type
◦ 4b-2: pack for Easergy P5x30 of LPCT/LPVT analogue input type
• One plastic bag including one to four rear connectors
◦ 5a: pack for Easergy P5x20
◦ 5b: pack for Easergy P5x30
Figure 1 - Easergy P5 package contents

2
1b 3 Power
Logic
4a-1
Protectio P5F20
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en
1a
Instruction
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on Certificate relay
xxxxxxx
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Instruction
5
Connector sheet
6
Connector(s) A cabling
© 2014
All rights Schneider kit
reserved. Electric.
4a-2
4b-1
4b-2
5a 5b
P533G0A
36 P5/EN M/44B
Accessories, such as the mounting accessory with panel mounting kit,

communication modules and cables can be delivered in a separate package.
P5/EN M/44B 37
Equipment identification
Different kinds of labels and stickers are used on the Easergy P5 protection relay
to identify its model type and its different components.
Figure 2 - Label examples on the Easergy P5 protection relay
1 1
2 2 P533G1A
① Rear panel connection instructions label
② Reference label
Reference label
The reference label contains the commercial reference, the serial number, the
power supply voltage of the relay and a QR code. The QR code can be used to
access the specific product website through mySchneider App (availabe in App
Store and Google Store) to get basic product documents and product life cycle
documents like Certificate of Conformity and Test.
Figure 3 - Reference label on Easergy P5x20
1
4
2
P5
DC
AC
3
P5U20W211647230001
P533G2A
Figure 4 - Reference label on Easergy P5x30
1 4
2
P5
DC
AC
3
P5F30W211647230001
P533G3A
① Power supply voltage (Optional 24–48 V DC for Easergy P5x30)
② Reference
③ Serial number
④ Access to product website
38 P5/EN M/44B
Rear panel connection instructions label

The rear panel connection label contains the designation of the rear panel
terminals together with instructions for installing and wiring the protection relay.
Figure 5 - Example rear panel connection instructions label
Easergy P5F30 Slot D Slot E Slot A Slot B Slot C

Protection relay / Relais de protection
DI1 1 DI1 1 1 1 DI1 1
Communication modules availability depends DI1
2 V1
on the model / La disponibilité des modules de 2 2 2 2
communication dépend du modèle. DI2 3 DI2 3 3 DI2 3
ETH : Ethernet / Ethernet 3
4 4 4 4
SRL : Serial / Série V2 DI2
5 4
EXT : Extension module (to be used only with DI3 DI3 5 5 DI3 5
IRIG-B and MET148-2 modules) / Module 6 6 5 6 6
d’extension (à utiliser uniquement avec les DI3
V3
modules IRIG-B et MET148-2). DI4 7 DI4 7 6 7 DI4 7
DI4
P2P : Peer-to-peer communication / 8 8 8 8
7
Communication point à point. 9 V4
DI5 DI5 9 9 DI5 9
Refer to user manual for rating values / Se 8 DO1 HS
10 10 10 10
reporter au manuel pour les valeurs nominales 9
HS: High speed / high break, Trip, 10A perm. DI6 11 DI6 11 IA 11 DI6 11
10 DO2 C
C: Control / Trip, 8A perm. 12 12 12 12
S: Signaling, 2A perm. DO1 13 11 C
S DO1 13 13 DO1 13
S IB S
WD: Watchdog 14 12
14 DO3 14 14
IN: Standard Earth/Ground fault C
DO2 S
15 DO2 15 15 DO2 15
IN.sens: Sensitive Earth/Ground fault S 13 S
16 16 IC 16 16
14 WD
DO3 17 DO3 17 17 DO3 17
S S S
15
18 18 18 18
IN
19 16
DO4 S DO4 19 19 DO4 19
S S
20 20 17 20 20
IN.sens
18 48-250 V DC
IND.CONT.EQ 100-230 V AC
E354250 Made in France
DANGER
DANGER
HAZARD OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, EXPLOSION OR ARC FLASH RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE, D'EXPLOSION OU D'ARC ELECTRIQUE
- This equipment must only be installed and serviced by qualified - Cet équipement doit être installé et entretenu par du personnel
electrical personnel. qualifié.
- Turn off all power supplying this equipment before working on or - Avant toute intervention, couper toutes les alimentations électriques
inside it. de l'équipement.
- Always use a properly rated voltage detection device to confirm that - Toujours utiliser un vérificateur d'absence de tension (VAT) pour
all power is off. confirmer l'absence de tension.
- Apply appropriate personal protection equipment (PPE) and follow - Utiliser les équipements de protection individuelle (EPI) et suivre
safe electrical work pratices. les pratiques de travail sécuritaires.
- Do not install this product in ATEX zone 0 or 1 areas. - Ne pas installer ce produit dans des zones ATEX 0 ou 1.
Le non-respect de ces instructions entraînera la mort ou des blessures
Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or serious injury. graves.
P533RSA
Model number label

Two model number labels containing the first digits of the device model number
are available on both the withdrawable internal part ① and the static case ②.
They are placed on the device for the purpose of correctly coupling the two parts
during maintenance. If the withdrawable internal part of the protection relay is
removed from the case, check that their model numbers are identical before
assembling.
Figure 6 - Model number labels (Easergy P5x30 shown as an example)
2
P533G5A
P5/EN M/44B 39
① Model number label on the withdrawable internal part
② Model number on the static case
40 P5/EN M/44B
Rear panel identification stickers

Two kinds of identification stickers are available for the analogue input connector,
the digital I/O connectors and the communication ports on the rear panel:
• Stickers on analogue input and digital I/O connectors ①:
Each analogue or digital connector on the rear panel is identified using a
sticker. Stickers for additional, optional connectors are found in the product
package.
• Communication port stickers ②:
The rear ports of the communication modules are marked as follows:
ETH Dual port copper (RJ45) or fibreoptic (multi-mode glass fibre) Ethernet ports
SRL RS485 or fibre optic serial communication ports
EXT Extension port for connection with external module and demodulated IRIG-B input
or back-up memory
Figure 7 - Rear panel identification stickers
ETH SRL EXT
ETH ETH SRL EXT
P533G6A
P5/EN M/44B 41
Dimensions
Product dimensions
Dimensions of the Easergy P5 protection relays are shown below:
Figure 8 - Easergy P5x20 dimensions

mm 224
in. 8.82
174
6.85 4
102 148 0.16
4.01 5.83
167.2 180 158

6.58 7.09 6.22
53.4
51.8 2.10
2.04
98.8
3.89
P533G7A
Figure 9 - Easergy P5x30 dimensions

mm 224
in. 8.82
174
6.85 4
152.4 148 0.16
6 5.83
167.2 180 158

6.58 7.09 6.22
53.4
103.6
2.10
4.08
150.3
5.92
P533G8A
42 P5/EN M/44B
Figure 10 - Easergy P5 flush mounting dimension

mm
in.
224
8.82
158
6.22
43
1.69 P533G9A
Rear clearances
For easy access to the rear panel, the rear clearances illustrated below are
recommended:
Figure 11 - Rear clearances illustrated

mm
in.
1
60
2.36
2
140
5.51
P533GAA
① This clearance must be available permanently for Easergy P5

protection relay wiring and assembly.
② This clearance should be transiently available during maintenance

operations when communication modules are replaced.
P5/EN M/44B 43
Operating environment
Operating temperature and humidity
NOTICE
POTENTIAL DAMAGE FROM ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
• The Easergy P5 protection relay must be installed in an environment within
the specified operation temperature and humidity.
• The protection relay may not operate correctly if condensation occurs on the
electronic boards inside the device.
TheEasergy P5 protection relay is intended for indoor installation and use only. If it
is required for use in an outdoor environment, it must be mounted in a specific
cabinet that will enable it to meet the requirements of IEC 60529 with the
classification of protection degree IP54 (dust and splashing water protected).
The temperature/relative humidity factors must be compatible with the
environmental withstand characteristics of the Easergy P5 protection relay:
• Recommended operating range of temperature: -10℃ to +55℃ (+14℉ to
+131℉).
• Maximum operating temperature: -40℃ to +70℃ (-40℉ to +158℉).
• Average humidity: <75% RH over the year.
• Temporary permissible humidity: <93% RH (less than 80 hours per year)
• No condensation.
If the operating conditions are outside the normal range, special arrangements
should be made before commissioning, such as air conditioning of the premises.
Operation in a polluted atmosphere

A contaminated industrial atmosphere (such as the presence of chlorine,
hydrofluoric acid, sulphur, solvents, etc.) can cause corrosion of the electronic
components and terminals, in which case environmental control arrangements
should be made (such as pressurised premises with filtered air, etc.) before
commissioning.
To improve robustness of Easergy P5 protection relays against such environment,
all the electronic boards of Easergy P5 protection relays have a conformal coating.
44 P5/EN M/44B
Mounting
General mounting operations
Mounting the protection relay in panels or on rack frame
The Easergy P5 protection relays are available for flush mounting or rack
mounting.
TheEasergy P5 protection relay is fixed by four M4 x 20 mm (0.787 in.) stainless
steel self-tapping screws with stainless steel washers (with diameter 4 x 8 mm
(0.157 x 0.315 in.) maximum) at lower and upper parts.
Figure 12 - Mounting the Easergy P5x20 protection relay
P533GBB
Figure 13 - Mounting the Easergy P5x30 protection relay
P533GCB
Screw M4 x 20 mm (0.787 in.) stainless steel self-tapping screws with

stainless steel washers (with diameter 4 x 8 mm (0.157 x 0.315 in.)
maximum) x 4
Tightening torque 1N·m (8.85 lb-in)
Tool Digital torque screwdriver
P5/EN M/44B 45
Unlocking the withdrawable part from its outer case

In order to maintain the withdrawable part (internal part) with the fixed part (outer
part) of the relay during transportation, locking screws are used on the front face
to fix the two relay parts together.
The front face locking screws can be unscrewed as shown in the figure below.
Figure 14 - Unscrewing the front face locking screws
x3 x4
P533GDA
Screw 3 screws mounted on Easergy P5x20;

4 screws mounted on Easergy P5x30
Tightening torque for 1N·m (8.85 lb-in)

installing back the screws
Lock the shutter and handle

In order to help prevent unauthorised access to the command keys and USB ports
on the local panel of the Easergy P5 protection relay, the shutter for covering the
lower section of the protection relay needs to be locked with a wired lead seal.
Figure 15 - Lock the shutter
2
P533GEA
① Wired lead seal

② Protective panel
46 P5/EN M/44B
The handle on the front face of the protection relay is used to separate the
withdrawable part from the fixed outer case. In order to help prevent unauthorised
dismantling fix the lock tab on the handle with a wired lead seal to restrict the
rotation of the handle.
Figure 16 - Lock the handle
P533GFA
① Wired lead seal

② Lock tab on the handle
Flush mounting with accessory
CAUTION
CUTS AND PHYSICAL IMPACT
• Wear gloves and safety shoes.
• Trim the edges of the cut-out plates to remove any jagged edges.
• Carry the assembled relay with withdrawable part locked.
• When cases are mounted on a rack (with withdrawable part not inserted),
stay far enough from the protruding part(s) of the case(s).
damage.
The Easergy P5 protection relay can be mounted onto panels with the provided
accessory. It is recommended to use the flush mounting with accessory for
Easergy P5 protection relay.
Mounting Procedure
P5/EN M/44B 47
1. Prepare the cut out in the panel according to the following dimensions.
Figure 17 - Panel cut out for Easergy P5x20/Easergy P5x30

mm
in 130 ± 0.5
180 ± 0.5
5.12 ± 0.2
7.09 ± 0.2
8.07 ± 0.2
205 ± 0.5
8.07 ± 0.2
205 ± 0.5
P5x20 P5x30
P533GGA
2. Insert the flush mounting accessory ① in the panel ② and check that the rear
mounting supports ③ are accessible for panel mounting kits to be inserted.
Figure 18 - Flush mounting accessories
1 2 1 2
3
REL51032 REL51052
P533GHA
Accessory Ref. No. REL51032 (for use with Easergy P5x20)
Accessory Ref. No. REL51052 (for use with Easergy P5x30)
3. Insert the panel mounting kits in the mounting support holes ① and then push
down the front parts (flush panel side) ② to lock the flush mounting accessory
on the panel.
Figure 19 - Insert the mounting kits
P533GIA
48 P5/EN M/44B
4. Remove the top and bottom seal straps from the rear mounting surface of the
protection relay.
Figure 20 - Remove the seal straps from the relay
x2 x2
P533GJA
5. Insert the protection relay ② into the mounting accessory ① and hold it in the
mounting position.
Figure 21 - Insert the protection relay
1 2 1 2
P533GKA
6. Fix the protection relay on the accessory with the screws provided in the flush
mounting accessory.
Figure 22 - Fix the protection relay (Easergy P5x30 shown as an

example)
P533GLB
Screw 4 screws provided with the flush mounting accessory
Tightening torque 1 N·m (8.85 lb-in)
P5/EN M/44B 49
Flush mounting without accessory
CAUTION
CUTS AND PHYSICAL IMPACT
• Trim the edges of the cut-out plates to remove any jagged edges.
damage.
The Easergy P5 protection relay can be directly mounted onto panels without any
accessory.
Mounting Procedure
1. Prepare the cut-out in the panel for flush mounting according to the following
dimensions.
The thickness of the panel plate should be a minimum of 3 mm (0.12 in.).
Figure 23 - Panel cut out for Easergy P5x20/Easergy P5x30

mm 51.8 103.6
in. 2.04 4.08
24.1 3.4 23.7 3.4

0.95 0.13 0.93 0.13
3.6 3.6
0.14 0.14
100 ± 0.5 151 ± 0.5

3.94 ± 0.02 5.94 ± 0.02
160 ± 0.5 160 ± 0.5

167.2 6.30 ± 0.02 167.2 6.30 ± 0.02
6.58 6.58
P5x20 P5x30 P533GMA
50 P5/EN M/44B
2. Fasten the Easergy P5 protection relay in its position with four M4 x 20 mm

(0.787 in.) stainless steel self-tapping screws with stainless steel washers
(diameter 4 x 8 mm (0.157 x 0.315 in.) maximum) at lower and upper parts.
Figure 24 - Fastening the Easergy P5 onto panel (Easergy P5x30 shown

as an example)
P533GNA

stainless steel washers (with diameter 4 x 8 mm (0.157 x 0.315
in.) maximum) x 4
P5/EN M/44B 51
Rack mounting
CAUTION
FALLING DEVICES
damage.
Easergy P5 protection relays may be rack mounted using single rack mounting
frames (ref: REL51021), as illustrated in the figure below.
Figure 25 - Rack mounted protection relays
F0187-1
P533GOA
The two horizontal rails of the rack frame have holes drilled at approximately 26
mm (10 in.) intervals. The Easergy P5 protection relays are attached via their
mounting flanges using M4 x 20 mm (0.787 in.) stainless steel self-tapping screws
with stainless steel washers (diameter 4 x 8 mm (0.157 x 0.315 in.) maximum).
Relays can be mechanically grouped into single tier or multi-tier arrangements by
means of the rack frame. This enables schemes using products from the Easergy
P5 product ranges to be pre-wired together prior to mounting (rack mounting with
M4 self-tapping screws, washers and nut).
Mounting Procedure
1. Insert the Easergy P5 protection relay ② into the rack frame ①.
Figure 26 - Insert the protection relay into the rack frame
1
2
P533GPA
Rack frame Ref. No. REL51021
52 P5/EN M/44B
2. Fasten the protection relay onto the rack frame using four M4 x 20 mm (0.787
in.) stainless steel self-tapping screws with stainless steel washers (diameter
4 x 8 mm (0.157 x 0.315 in.) maximum).
Figure 27 - Fasten the protection relay onto the rack frame (Easergy
P5x20 shown as an example)
P533GQB

in.) maximum) x 4
3. Cover up the open section of the rack frame with blank plates if there is still
space left for future installation of protection relays or ancillary components.
Figure 28 - Install the blank plate
P533GRB
Blank plate REL51018: 30TE 206.8 mm x 177 mm (6 in. x 6.97 in.)

Ref. No. REL51019: 20TE 103.2 mm x 177 mm (4 in. x 6.97 in.);
REL51020: 10TE 50.2 mm x 177 mm (2 in. x 6.97 in.);
Screws M4 x 20 mm (0.787 in.) stainless steel self-tapping screws with

in.) maximum) x 4
Tightening torque 1.0 N·m (8.85 lb-in)
Subsequent operation Mount the rack frame on the rack using the mounting flanges on
both sides of the frame.
P5/EN M/44B 53
Rear panel connectors and application diagrams

Easergy P5 rear panel
Rear panel layout
The Easergy P5 protection relay rear panels contain the following modules
installed in slots and identified by letters:
Figure 29 - Easergy P5 protection relay rear panels
P533GSA
Easergy P5x20 Easergy P5x30 Slot: Module
✔ ✔ A: Analogue input module
✔ ✔ B: Power supply
✔ ✔ C: Empty or additional digital input/output module
✔ D: Empty or additional digital input/output module
✔ E: Empty or additional digital input/output module
✔ L: ETH, Ethernet module (TP)
✔ ✔ M: ETH, Ethernet module (TP or FO)
✔ ✔ N: SRL, Serial communication module (RS485 or FO)
✔ ✔ P: EXT, Extension module
✔ ✔ M and N: Ethernet HSR/PRP module
NOTE: For the slot occupation rules of Easergy P5x30 slot C, D and E, refer
to Slot occupation rules, page 524.
54 P5/EN M/44B
Easergy P5U20 rear panel (CT version)

Figure 30 - Easergy P5U20 rear panel (CT version)
A B C
1 1
1 2 2 2
3 3
3 4 4 4
5 5
5 6 6 6
7 7
7 8 8 8
9 9
10 10
9 10 11 11
12 12
11 12 13 13
14 14
13 14 15 15
16 16
15 16 17 17
18 18
17 18 19 19
20
20
M N P P533GTA
Figure 31 - Easergy P5U20 (CT version) rear terminal designations
A B C C C
1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1

2 2 DI2 2 DI2 2 2
3 DI3 3 3 DI2 3
3
DI2 4 DI4 4 DI3 4 4
Not used 4
5 DI5 5 DI4 5 DI3 5
5 DI3 6 DI6 6 6 6
6 DI4 7 7 DI5 7 DI4 7
7 8 DI7 8 8 8
DO1 9 DI8 9 DO1 9 DI5 9
8 C C
10 DI9 10 10 10
9 C
IA IA DO2 11 DI10 11 11 DI6 11
C
10 12 DI11 12 DO2 12 12
C
C
11 13 DI12 13 13 DO1 13
S
IB IB C
12 DO3 C
14 14 14 14
15 DO1 15 DO3 15 DO2 15
S C S
13
IC IC WD 16 DO2 S
16 16 16
14 17 17 DO4 17 DO3 17
HS S
15 18 DO3 18 18 18
20 A IN S
16 19 DO4 19 DO5 19 DO4 19
S HS S
20 20 20 20
IN 17
2A .sens 18
P533RTA
Optional
IX Phase current IN Standard earth/ground fault
DIx Digital input IN.sens Sensitive earth/ground fault
DOx Digital output WD Watchdog contact
- HS High speed / high break, Trip, 10 A perm.
-C Control / Trip, 8 A perm.
-S Signalling, 2 A perm.
P5/EN M/44B 55
Easergy P5U20 rear panel (LPCT/LPVT version)

Figure 32 - Easergy P5U20 rear panel (LPCT/LPVT version)
A B C
1 1
2 2
A 1 3 3
4 4
5 5
2 6 6
B 7 7
8 8
3 9 9
10 10
C 11 11
4 12 12
13 13
V1 14 14
V2 15 15
V3 16 16
17 17
V4 18 18
19 19
20
20
M N P P533GVB
Figure 33 - Easergy P5U20 (LPCT/LPVT version) rear terminal designations
A B C C C
1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1

20 A
2 2 DI2 2 DI2 2 2
3 DI3 3 3 DI2 3
3
DI2 4 DI4 4 DI3 4 4
2A 4
5 DI5 5 DI4 5 DI3 5
DI3 6 DI6 6 6 6
IA DI4 7 7 DI5 7 DI4 7
8 DI7 8 8 8
DO1 9 DI8 9 DO1 C 9 DI5 9
C
10 DI9 10 10 10
IB C
DO2 11 DI10 11 11 DI6 11
C
12 DI11 12 DO2 C 12 12
C
13 DI12 13 13 DO1 13
C S
IC DO3 14 14 14 14
C
15 DO1 15 DO3 15 DO2 15
S C S
WD 16 DO2 S
16 16 16
V1
V2 17 17 DO4 17 DO3 17
HS S
V3 18 DO3 18 18 18
S
19 DO4 S
19 DO5 HS
19 DO4 S
19
20 20 20 20
V4
P533RAB
Optional
IX Phase current VX phase to neutral voltage
DIx Digital input WD Watchdog contact
DOx Digital output
- HS High Speed / high break, Trip, 10 A perm.
56 P5/EN M/44B
Easergy P5V20 rear panel

Figure 34 - Easergy P5V20 rear panel
A B C
1 1
1 2 2 2
3 3
3 4 4 4
5 5
5 6 6 6
7 7
7 8 8 8
9 9
10 10
9 10 11 11
12 12
11 12 13 13
14 14
13 14 15 15
16 16
15 16 17 17
18 18
17 18 19 19
20
20
M N P P533GXA
Figure 35 - Easergy P5V20 rear terminal designations
A B C C C
1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1

V1
2 2 DI2 2 DI2 2 2
3 DI3 3 3 DI2 3
3
V2 DI2 4 DI4 4 DI3 4 4
4
5 DI5 5 DI4 5 DI3 5
5 DI3 6 DI6 6 6 6
V3
6 DI4 7 7 DI5 7 DI4 7
7 8 DI7 8 8 8
V4 DO1 9 DI8 9 DO1 C 9 DI5 9
8 C
10 DI9 10 10 10
9 C
DO2 11 DI10 11 11 DI6 11
C
10 12 DI11 12 DO2 C 12 12
C
11 13 DI12 13 13 DO1 13
C S
12 DO3 C
14 14 14 14
15 DO1 15 DO3 15 DO2 15
S C S
13
Not used WD 16 DO2 S
16 16 16
14 17 17 DO4 17 DO3 17
HS S
15 18 DO3 18 18 18
S
16 19 DO4 19 DO5 19 DO4 19
S HS S
20 20 20 20
17
18
P533RBA
Optional
VX Phase to neutral voltage WD Watchdog contact
DOx Digital output DIx Digital input
- HS High Speed / high break,Trip, 10 A perm.
P5/EN M/44B 57
Easergy P5x30 rear panel (CT/VT version)

Figure 36 - Easergy P5x30 rear panel (CT/VT version)
D E A B C
1 1 1 1
2 2 1 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 4 3 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 5 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 7 8 8 8
9 9 9 9
10 10 10 10
11 11 9 10 11 11
12 12 12 12
13 13 11 12 13 13
14 14 14 14
15 15 13 14 15 15
16 16 16 16
17 17 15 16 17 17
18 18 18 18
19 19 17 18 19 19
20 20 20 20
L M N P P533GZA
Figure 37 - Easergy P5x30 (CT/VT version) rear terminal designations
A B C D E C D E C D E D E
1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1

V1
2 2 2 DI2 2 DI2 2 2
3 DI2 3 DI3 3 3 DI2 3
3
V2 DI2 4 4 DI4 4 DI3 4 4
4
5 DI3 5 DI5 5 DI4 5 DI3 5
5 DI3 6 6 DI6 6 6 6
V3
6 DI4 7 DI4 7 7 DI5 7 DO1 7
C
7 8 8 DI7 8 8 8
V4 DO1 9 DI5 9 DI8 9 DO1 C 9 DO2 9
8 HS C
10 10 DI9 10 10 10
9 C
C
IA IA DO2 11 DI6 11 DI10 11 11 11
C
10
12 12 DI11 12 DO2 C 12 DO3 S
12
C
11 13 DO1 13 DI12 13 13 13
S C
IB IB
12 DO3 C
14 14 14 14 14
15 DO2 15 DO1 15 DO3 15 Arc1 15
13 S S C
WD 16 16 DO2 16 16 L> 16
IC IC S
14
17 DO3 17 17 DO4 17 Arc2 17
S HS
15 18 18 DO3 18 18 L> 18
S
20 A IN
16 19 DO4 19 DO4 19 DO5 19 Arc3 19
S S HS
20 20 20 20 L> 20
IN 17 48-250 V DC
2A .sens 100-230 V AC
18
24-48 V DC
P533RCA
Optional
IX Phase current IN.sens Sensitive earth/ground fault
VX Phase to neutral voltage IN Standard earth/ground fault
DIx Digital input Arc Arc sensor
58 P5/EN M/44B
Easergy P5x30 rear panel (LPCT/LPVT version)

Figure 38 - Easergy P5x30 rear panel (LPCT/LPVT version)
D E A B C
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
1
4 4 L1 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 2 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 L2 8 8
9 9 3 9 9
10 10 10 10
11 11 L3 11 11
12 12 4 12 12
13 13 13 13
14 14 V1 14 14
15 15 V2 15 15
16 16 V3 16 16
17 17 17 17
18 18 V4 18 18
19 19 19 19
20 20 20 20
L M N P
P533H1A
Figure 39 - Easergy P5x30 (LPCT/LPVT version) rear terminal designations
A B C D E C D E C D E D E
1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1

20 A
2 2 2 DI2 2 DI2 2 2
3 DI2 3 DI3 3 3 DI2 3
3
2A DI2 4 4 DI4 4 DI3 4 4
4
5 DI3 5 DI5 5 DI4 5 DI3 5
DI3 6 6 DI6 6 6 6
IA DI4 7 DI4 7 7 DI5 7 DO1 C
7
8 8 DI7 8 8 8
DO1 9 DI5 9 DI8 9 DO1 C 9 DO2 9
HS C
10 10 DI9 10 10 10
IB C
C
DO2 11 DI6 11 DI10 11 11 11
C
12 12 DI11 12 DO2 C 12 DO3 S
12
C
13 DO1 13 DI12 13 13 13
S C
IC DO3 14 14 14 14 14
C
15 DO2 15 DO1 15 DO3 15 Arc1 15
S S C
WD 16 16 DO2 16 16 L> 16
V1 S
V2 17 DO3 17 17 DO4 17 Arc2 17
S HS
V3 18 18 DO3 18 18 L> 18
S
19 DO4 S
19 DO4 S
19 DO5 HS
19 Arc3 19
20 20 20 20 L> 20
V4 48-250 V DC
100-230 V AC
24-48 V DC
P533RDA
Optional
IX Phase current VX Phase to neutral voltage
DIx Digital input Arc Arc sensor
P5/EN M/44B 59
Default DI/DO configuration of the slot B terminals

The following table lists the default configuration of the digital input and digital
output terminals in slot B of the Easergy P5 protection relay.
Table 6 - Default DI/DO configuration of the slot B terminals
DI1 CB open
DI2 CB close
DI3 Free
DI4 Free
DO1 CB trip
DO2 CB trip lockout
DO3 CB close
WD Watchdog (not configurable)
60 P5/EN M/44B
Typical application diagrams

The following sections describe typical application diagrams.
CT and LPCT typical application

Figure 40 - 3 x 1/5A CTs and neutral current measured by 1 x 1/2/5A CT and 1
x 1A CT
A A
B B
C C
S1 A9 S1 A9
1/5 A A10 IA 1/5 A A10
IA
S1 A11 S1 A11
A12 IB A12
IB
S1 A13 S1 A13
A14 IC A14
IC
A15 A15
1/2/5 A A16 IN A16 IN
S1 A17 A17
1A 1A A18 IN.sens
A18 IN.sens
S1 S1
P533CHA
IN: Standard earth/ground fault
IN.sens: Sensitive earth/ground fault
NOTE: For an application with 2 CTs, only IA and IC are used by Easergy P5
protection relay (see figure below).
Such so-called 2 CT mode further requires firmware adjustment with setting
Number of connected phase CT = A/C in the GENERAL menu/Scaling sub-
menu. It impacts power measurements as well as protection and monitoring
functions using negative sequence currents as detailed in the function
descriptions.
Figure 41 - 3 x 1/5A CTs (with IB not connected) and neutral current

measured by 1 x 1/2/5A CT and 1 x 1A CT
A
B
C
S1 A9
1/5 A A10 IA
A11
A12
S1 A13
A14 IC
A15
1/2/5 A A16 IN
S1 A17
1A A18 IN.sens
S1
P533CIA
P5/EN M/44B 61
Figure 42 - 3 x 1/5A CTs and 1 neutral current measured by CSH

A A
B B
C C
S1 A9 S1 A9
1/5 A A10 IA 1/5 A A10 IA
S1 A11 S1 A11
A12 IB A12 IB
S1 A13 S1 A13
A14 IC A14 IC
A15 A15
CSH
A16 IN A16
20 A S1 A17 A17
CSH
A18 A18 IN
2A
S1
P533CJA
NOTE: For an application with 2 CTs, only IA and IC are used by Easergy P5
protection relay( see figure below).
Such so-called 2 CT mode further requires firmware adjustment with setting
Number of connected phase CT = A/C in the GENERAL menu/Scaling sub-
menu. It impacts power measurements as well as protection and monitoring
functions using negative sequence currents as detailed in the function
descriptions.
Figure 43 - 3 x 1/5A CTs (with IB not connected) and 1 neutral current

measured by CSH
A A
B B
C C
S1 A9 S1 A9
1/5 A A10 IA 1/5 A A10 IA
A11 A11
A12 A12
S1 A13 S1 A13
A14 IC A14 IC
A15 A15
CSH A16 IN A16
20 A S1 A17 A17
CSH IN
A18 A18
2A
S1
P533CKA
Figure 44 - 3 LPCT and 1 neutral current measured by CSH
A
B
C
RJ45 IA
RJ45 IB
RJ45 IC
S1 A1
CSH IN
A2
20 A / 2A
A3
A4 IN
P533CLA
NOTE: 3 LPCTs are always connected to the Easergy P5 protection relay.
62 P5/EN M/44B
VT typical application
Voltage input terminals A2 and A4 have been connected internally. For three
phase to neutral applications, short terminals A4 and A6 together.
Figure 45 - 3 phase to neutral voltages (3VP)
A
B
C
A1
A2 V1
A3
A4 V2
A5
A6 V3
A7
A8
P533CMB
Figure 46 - 3 phase to neutral voltages + 1 neutral voltage (3VP+VN)
A
B
C
A1
A2 V1
A3
A4 V2
A5
A6 V3
A7
A8 V4
P533CNB
P5/EN M/44B 63
Figure 47 - 3 phase to neutral voltages + 1 phase to neutral voltage (3VP/

VPy)
A
B
C
A1
A2 V1
A3
A4 V2
A5
A6 V3
A7
A8 V4
P533COB
Figure 48 - 3 phase to neutral voltages + 1 phase to phase voltage (3VP/

VPPy)
A
B
C
A1
A2 V1
A3
A4 V2
A5
A6 V3
A7
A8 V4
P533CPC
Figure 49 - 2 phase to phase voltages + 1 neutral voltage + phase to phase

voltage (2VPP+VN+VPPy)
A
B
C
A1
A2 V1
A3
A4 V2
A5
A6 V3
A7
A8 V4
P533CQC
64 P5/EN M/44B
Figure 50 - 2 phase to phase voltages + 1 neutral voltage (2VPP + VN)
A
B
C
A1
A2 V1
A3
A4 V2
A5
A6
A7
A8 V4
P533CRB
Figure 51 - 1 phase to phase voltage + 1 phase to phase voltage (VPP/VPPy)
A
B
C
A1
A2 V1
A3
A4
A5
A6 V3
A7
A8
P533CSC
P5/EN M/44B 65
LPVT typical application

Figure 52 - 3 phase to neutral LPVT (3VP)
A
B
C
LPVT A
LPVT hub
connector
LPVT B
LPVT C
cable < 10m
RJ45 V1, V2, V3
P533CTB
Figure 53 - 3 phase to neutral LPVT + 1 phase to neutral LPVT (3VP/VPy)
A
B
C
LPVT A
LPVT hub
connector
LPVT B
LPVT C
cable < 10m
Termination
accessory
RJ45 V1, V2, V3

LPVT hub
connector
cable < 10m

RJ45 V4
P533CUB
NOTE: If one or two LPVTs are connected to the LPVT Hub connector, the
termination accessories should be plugged to the 2nd and third input. These
termination accessories are delivered with each LPCT/LPVT hardware variant
in accessories bag. In case the accessories are lost, it is recommended to
order spare part accessories for LPCT/LPVT variant (REL51079).
66 P5/EN M/44B
LPVT adapter typical application

Figure 54 - 3 phase to neutral voltages (3VP)
A
B
C
Cable between
adapter and relay < 10m
LPVT adapter
RJ45
V1, V2, V3
P533CWB
Figure 55 - 3 phase to neutral voltages + 1 neutral voltage (3VP+VN)
A
B
C
Cable between
LPVT adapter
RJ45
V1, V2, V3
LPVT adapter
RJ45 V4
P533CYB
Figure 56 - 3 phase to neutral voltages + 1 phase to neutral voltage (3VP/

VPy)
A
B
C
Cable between
LPVT adapter
RJ45
V1, V2, V3
LPVT adapter
RJ45 V4
P533D0B
Figure 57 - 3 phase to neutral voltages + 1 phase to phase voltage (3VP/

VPPy)
A
B
C
Cable between
LPVT adapter
RJ45
V1, V2, V3
LPVT adapter
RJ45 V4
P533D2C
P5/EN M/44B 67
Wiring on the real panel
DANGER
FIRE HAZARD
Apply proper tightening torque to all wire connections.
Slot A: analogue module
DANGER
• Use the appropriate (3 or 4-terminal) copper jumper for common
connections.
• After cabling, protect the rear connector A with the two protective caps.
Cabling kit for connector A

The Easergy P5 protection relays are delivered with a cabling kit for connector A.
Depending on the type of analogue inputs of the protection relay, one of the
following packages will be provided for your device:
• Cabling kit for CT/VT analogue inputs, including:
Figure 58 - Connector A cabling kit for CT/VT analogue inputs

(REL51078)
3 5
×10
6
4 ×10
P533D4A
◦ One protective cap with even numbers marked ①

◦ One protective cap with odd numbers marked ②
◦ One three-terminal jumper ③
◦ One four-terminal jumper ④
◦ Ten mounting screws ⑤ and washers ⑥
68 P5/EN M/44B
• Cabling kit for LPCT/LPVT analogue inputs, including:
Figure 59 - Connector A cabling kit for LPCT/LPVT analogue inputs

(REL51079)
2
×4
3
×4
4
×2 P533D5A
◦ One four-terminal protective cap ①

◦ Four mounting screws ② and washers ③
◦ Two termination accessories ④
General cabling operation on connector A

The following procedure presents the general mounting and cabling operation on
the connector A (for Easergy P5 model with 2 neutral CTs only):
1. Insert and connect the terminal jumper for common connections.
Figure 60 - Insert the terminal jumper (example with 4-pin comb-busbar)
P533CXA
Tools Application connection diagram
P5/EN M/44B 69
2. Fasten the terminal jumper with the provided mounting screws and washers.
Figure 61 - Fasten the terminal jumper (example with 4-pin comb-

busbar)
P533CZB
Fasteners Mounting screws and washers included in the package
Tool Digital torque screwdriver with + PZ2 tip
3. Connect the bent ring lug end of the cables to the terminal using the provided
mounting screws and washers.
Figure 62 - Connect the cable with bent ring lug
P533D1B
Fasteners Mounting screws and washers included in the package
Tool Digital torque screwdriver with + PZ2 tip
NOTE: Bent ring lugs are commercially available from Schneider-Electric

in three sizes (see table below). Order the accessories before cabling the
protection relays.
Commercial Wire Section Description

Reference
REL51059 0.5 ... 1.5 mm2 (AWG 20 ... 16) Ring lug terminal 3.68 mm (0.14 in)
REL51060 1.5 ... 2.5 mm2 (AWG 16 ... 14) Ring lug terminal 4.45 mm (0.18 in)
REL51061 2.5 ... 6 mm2 (AWG 14 ... 10) Ring lug terminal 6.35 mm (0.25 in)
70 P5/EN M/44B
4. After cabling, place and insert the protective caps on the terminal.
Figure 63 - Insert the protective cap
P533D3A
Phase voltage with VT inputs

The phase voltage inputs are situated in the upper part of the rear connector "A",
terminals A1 to A8. The voltage measuring inputs are the following:
Figure 64 - Phase voltage inputs on connector A
A
V1 1 2 V1 A1
V1
V2 3 4 V2 A2
V3 5 6 V3 A3
V2
V4 7 8 V4 A4
9 10 A5
V3 A6
11 12
A7
13 14 V4
A8
15 16
17 18 P533D6A
P5/EN M/44B 71
Phase currents with CT inputs and earth/ground fault current inputs

The current inputs are situated in the lower part of the rear connector A, terminals
A9 to A18. The current measuring inputs are the following:
Figure 65 - Current inputs on connector A
A
IA
IB 1
IC
IA IA 20 A IN
IB IB 2
IC IC 2 A IN.sens
IN/20 A IN/20 A
IN.sens/2 A IN.sens/2 A 3
P533D8A
① Current inputs
② Neutral current inputs
③ Option with CSH core balance CT 2A or 20A
NOTE: Communication modules may be replaced (e.g. when communication

network is modified). Take into account the access to these modules when you
install and clamp rear connector wires.
Current Transformer Connections

The Easergy P5 protection relays use current transformers to measure phase or
neutral currents. The current transformer connections are as follows:
Figure 66 - Connecting the current transformers with example of CSH earth/

ground fault connection (shielded)
1
P1 A 3
2
S1 A9
A10 IA
S2
S1 A11
A12 IB
S1 A13
A14 IC
1
S1 A17
A18 2A
S2
2 P533D7B
where:
① Terminal P116 (primary current).
② Terminal S116 (secondary current).
16. Markings of current transformer terminals S1, S2, P1 and P2 according to IEC 60044-1 Standard
72 P5/EN M/44B
③ Connector A + terminal number.

Ⓐ Implementation of the cabling between the CTs and the connector:
• Conductors contained in the same strand, in a shealth
• Conductors run along the metal structures of the MV cubicle
Recommended cable for Schneider Electric's CSH120, CSH200, CSH300 and
GO110 core balance CTs:
• Sheathed cable (to be compliant with electromagnetic compatibility
requirements), shielded by tinned copper braid.
• Resistance per unit length < 100 mΩ/m (30.5 mΩ/ft).
• Minimum dielectric strength: 1000 V (700 Vrms).
• Connect the cable shielding in the shortest manner possible to Easergy P5.
• Flatten the connection cable against the metal frames of the cubicle.
The maximum resistance of the connection wiring must not exceed 4 Ω (i.e. 20 m
maximum for 100 mΩ/m or 66 ft maximum for 30.5 mΩ/ft).
Wiring details
Refer to the table below for the detailed information on wiring the screw-type input
connectors of the analogue module in slot A:
Applicable cable end Wire gauge Tightening Tool

torque
0.5 ... 1.5 1.2 N·m (-) 6.5 mm (+) PZ2

Ø1 mm2 (AWG (10.6 lb-in) (1/4 in.) screwdriver
Ø2 20 ... 16) screwdriver
P533MKA
1.5 ... 2.5
Ø 1 = 4 mm mm2 (AWG
(0.16 in.) 16 ... 14)
Ø2 < 8.5 mm (0.33 in.)
2.5 ... 6 mm2
(AWG 14 ...
10)
LPCT inputs
NOTICE
IMPROPER EQUIPMENT OPERATION
Use RJ45 cable no longer than 10 m (32.8 ft) for EMC immunity.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in improper operation.
P5/EN M/44B 73
Figure 67 - LPCT inputs on slot A
A
1
20A
2
RJ45 IA 3
2A 4
RJ45 IB IA RJ45-1
IB RJ45-2
RJ45 IC
IC
RJ45-3
V1, V2, V3 RJ45-4
V4 RJ45-5
P533D9A
An LPCT sensor is characterised among other parameters by:

• The rated primary current Ipr (value of the primary current for User secondary
voltage output)
• The rated extended primary current Iepr
• The rated secondary voltage is 22.5 mV
The LPCT input of the Easergy P5 protection relay is characterised by the rated
input voltage that depends on the rated extended primary current of the sensor. As
an LPCT sensor covers a wide range of primary current and therefore has a high
dynamic input it is necessary to adapt the input interface of the relay to the primary
current selected. More generally the LPCT inputs must be compliant with the
IEC61869-10 standard.
Parameter Value Comment

Rated secondary voltage 22.5 mV
Rated primary current factor 0.25 - 0.50 - 1.00 - 1.25 - 1.33 - This configuration parameter
2.00 - 2.50 - 3.20 - 4.00 - 5.00 - corresponds to the rated
6.30 - 6.66 - 10 - 16 - 20 - 31.5 extended primary current
factor of the LPCT
74 P5/EN M/44B
LPVT inputs
NOTICE
Use CAT6 cable no longer than 10 m (32.8 ft) for EMC immunity.
Figure 68 - LPVT inputs on slot A
A
1
20A
2
3
2A 4
IA RJ45-1
IB RJ45-2
IC RJ45-3
RJ45 VA, VB, VC

VA, VB, VC RJ45-4
RJ45 VN VN RJ45-5
P533DIA
More generally the LPVTs inputs must be compliant with the IEC61869-11
standard.
The table below lists the technical data concerning the ratings and limits of the
LPVT channels:
Parameter Value
Rated secondary voltage 3.25 V / √3
Extended rated voltage 0.25 to 1.5 rated voltage
P5/EN M/44B 75
Digital input connections

The Easergy P5 protection relays provide two types of digital inputs:
• Digital inputs isolated from earth/ground and independent.
• Digital inputs isolated from earth/ground, with a common connection point.
DI1 DI3
DI2 DI4
P533REB
P533RFB
The operating nominal voltage for digital inputs is:

• 24 V DC to 250 V DC
• 100 V AC to 230 V AC
The activation voltage threshold is software settable. More information can be
found on Digital inputs, page 428 section.
The isolated independent digital inputs are isolated from earth/ground, and each
other. They should be used to acquire data from the following digital sensors:
• Non-isolated sensors (earthed/grounded).
• Remote sensors.
• Sensors from several zones in the installation that do not have equipotential
bonding.
• Sensors from different devices.
To help ensure that each digital input is isolated, each digital input must be
connected with an independent cable.
The isolated digital inputs with a common connection point are isolated from earth/
ground, but are not isolated in relation to one another (common point). They
should be used to acquire data from the following digital sensors:
• Isolated sensors.
• Sensors that are not isolated but come from the same zone of an installation
with equipotential bonding.
• Sensors that preferably come from the same equipment. The different digital
inputs are contained in the same cable.
The electrical conductors connected to the digital inputs of the Easergy P5
protection relays should run along the metal structures of the cubicle to reduce
earth/ground loops. The conductors are contained in the same strand and, if
possible twisted, to avoid the creation of cabling loops.
NOTICE
When connecting the digital inputs:
• Avoid large cabling loops in the various power supplies.
• Do not short-circuit any of the galvanic insulation.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in improper operation or
equipment damage.
When the environmental and installation conditions are highly unfavorable for the
Easergy P5 protection relay, a shielded twisted pair should be used. In such
cases, the cable shielding is connected to the local earth/ground at both ends
(provided that the installation has an equipotential bonding network).
76 P5/EN M/44B
Slot B: power supply + digital 4-input/4-output

Power supply
DANGER
FIRE HAZARD
• Protect the power supplying circuit of the Easergy P5 protection relay
against overcurrents.
• For breaking capacity higher than 40W with L/R = 40 ms, protect the digital
output contacts with an additional customer protection (RC or zener diode).
The power supply range and inrush currents are provided for easier selection of
Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB).
Protection relay Power supply range Inrush current
Easergy P5x20 100...230 V AC < 5 A 230 V AC
24...250 V DC < 8 A 250 V DC
Easergy P5x30 100...230 V AC < 5 A 230 V AC
48...250 V DC < 8 A 250 V DC

24...48 V DC < 4 A 48 V DC
The nominal voltage range of Easergy P5 protection relays is specified on the

reference label (local panel).
NOTICE
POWER SUPPLY DAMAGE
Before connecting the auxiliary voltage to the Easergy P5 protection relay,
make sure the nominal value of the auxiliary device voltage corresponds with
the nominal value of the auxiliary system voltage.
Figure 69 - Power supply terminals on connector B
B19
B20
P533DLA
Digital inputs/outputs
The digital 4-input/4-output module (4I4O) is always mounted in slot B of an
Easergy P5 protection relay. Digital outputs DO1, DO2 and DO3 are specifically
enhanced for circuit breaker (CB) control. Digital output WD is defined as a
Watchdog.
The operating nominal voltage for digital inputs is:
• 24 V DC to 250 V DC
P5/EN M/44B 77
• 100 V AC to 230 V AC
The configuration of the 20-terminal connector of the module is shown in the
following figure:
Figure 70 - Configuration of connector B
B DI1 1
2
3
1 DI1
2 DI2 4
3 5
4 DI2
5 DI3 6
6 DI3 DI4 7
7
8 DI4 8
9
DO1 DO1 9
10 HS
11 10
12 DO2
13 DO2 11
C
14 12
15 DO3 C
16 13
17 WD DO3 14
18 C
19 15
20 Power supply
WD 16
17
18
19
20 P533RGB
Watchdog
The watchdog (self-monitoring) is a changeover contact provided on slot B, digital
output WD, to indicate the health of the device (refer to Watchdog relay, page
496). Schneider Electric strongly recommends that these contacts are hardwired
into the substation's automation system for alarm purposes.
Figure 71 - Watchdog terminals on connector B
B16
16
17 B17
18
B18
P533DNA
NOTE: Refer to Wiring accessories for Slot B, C, D, E, page 81 for the

detailed information on wiring the terminals of this module.
78 P5/EN M/44B
Slot C, D, E: additional digital input/output modules (6I4O/12I4O/

5I5O)
The Easergy P5 protection relay can be provided with additional digital input/
output modules (6I4O, 12I4O and 5I5O ) in slot C, D and E (only slot C in P5x20).
The configuration of the 20-terminal connector of the module is shown in the
following figures:
Figure 72 - Configuration of connector
C D E DI1 1 DI1 1 DI1 1

2 DI2 2 DI2 2
DI2 3 DI3 3 3
4 DI4 4 DI3 4
DI3 5 DI5 5 DI4 5
6 DI6 6 6
DI4 7 7 DI5 7
8 DI7 8 8
DI5 9 DI8 9 DO1 C 9
10 DI9 10 10
C
DI6 11 DI10 11 11
12 DI11 12 DO2 C 12
DO1 13 DI12 13 13
S C
14 14 14
DO2 15 DO1 15 DO3 15
S S C
16 DO2 S
16 16
DO3 17 17 DO4 17
S HS
18 DO3 18 18
S
DO4 S
19 DO4 S
19 DO5 HS
19
20 20 20
P533RHB

detailed information on wiring the terminals of this module. And refer to Slot
occupation rules, page 524 for the information on the slot occupation rules.
The DI1 input on 12I4O can be used as a standard digital input (by default) or as a
counting input.
NOTICE
Specific wiring requirements for counting input 12I4O DI1:
• Unshielded twisted pair cable between pin 1 and pin 7
• 0.4 to 1.5 mm² cross section
• Example of recommended cable : Belden 9409 or equivalent
• No earth/ground connection on the Easergy P5 side or on the other side to
keep the line symmetrical
• Maximum cable length: 10 m
NOTICE
If the counting input DI1 on 12I4O is selected, this input cannot be used by any
other protection functions.
P5/EN M/44B 79
Slots D and E: Arc-flash module (for Easergy P5x30 only)

The Easergy P5x30 can be equipped with an Arc-flash module (with 3 digital
inputs, 3 digital outputs and 3 light sensor inputs) in its slot D and E.
The configuration of the 20-terminal connector of the Arc-flash module is shown in
the following figures:
Figure 73 - Configuration of terminals in Slot D and E
D E DI1 1
2
DI2 3
4
DI1 DI3 5
6
DI2
DO1 C
7
DI3
8
DO1 DO2 9
C
10
DO2 C
11
DO3 DO3 S
12
13
Arc1 14
Arc2 Arc1 15
L> 16
Arc3
Arc2 17
L> 18
Arc3 19
L> 20
P533RIB

detailed information on wiring the terminals of this module.
Installing the digital I/O connectors

The digital I/O connectors provided with the protection relay are mounted on the
rear panel using the screws that come with the connectors.
Figure 74 - Installing digital I/O connectors on the rear panel
P533DQA
Tool 2.5 mm (3/32 in.) flat screwdriver
Tightening torque 0.4 N·m(3.5 lb-in)
Subsequent operation After installing the connectors, stick the connector identification labels
included in the package on the rear panel above the connectors.
80 P5/EN M/44B
Wiring accessories for Slot B, C, D, E

Wiring the screw-type terminals
The detailed information for wiring the screw-type DI/DO terminals in slot B, C, D,
and E is listed in the table below:
Cable end Wire gauge Tightening torque Tool
Single wire: 0.4 ... 0.5 N·m (—) 2.5 mm (3/32 in.)
0.2 ... 2.5 mm2 (3.5 ... 4.4 lb-in) flat blade screwdriver
(AWG 24 ... 14)
Double wires:
L P533DRA 0.2 ... 1.5 mm2
(AWG 24 ... 16)
Contact tip length
L = 12 mm (0.5 in.)
Comb-busbars for wiring at slot C, D, E

The comb-busbar can be used to optimise the installation, for example, by
creating rapidly a common point for digital inputs.
To facilitate wiring the terminals in Slot C, D, E of Easergy P5 protection relay, the
user can order the following comb-busbars that comes in the form of 50-piece or
100-piece packs.
Commercial Description Quantity/Pack Illustration

Reference
REL51054 2-pin comb-busbar 100 pieces
P533DSA
P533DTA
P533DUA
P533DVA
P533DWA
Connecting earth/ground
DANGER
• Connect the Easergy P5 protection relay to earth/ground with a nut and
washer using any of the indicated stud terminals (see Fixing the earthing/
grounding cable to the Easergy P5 protection relay, page 82 below).
• Check equipotential earthing/grounding network and test earth/ground
during installation.
The earth/ground connections are accessible on the rear panel of the protection
relays. For Easergy P5x20, there are two connectors located in the bottom left and
P5/EN M/44B 81
right corner of the protection relays; for Easergy P5x30, there are three, one in the
bottom right corner and the other two near Connector A.
Figure 75 - Earth/ground studs on Easergy P5x20
P533DXA
Figure 76 - Earth/ground studs on Easergy P5x30
P533DYA
Figure 77 - Fixing the earthing/grounding cable to the Easergy P5 protection

relay
3 P533DZA
① Washer ③ Earthing/grounding cable
② M4 hexagon nut ④ Earth/ground stud on the protection relay
Every Easergy P5 must be connected to the local earth/ground bar using one M4
earth/ground stud on the relay case to help prevent dangerous voltages being
present in case of a wiring fault or damage to the product. Also, it helps ensure
that the Easergy P5 protection relay meets EMC claims.
82 P5/EN M/44B
Figure 78 - Compartment earthing/grounding terminal
A Metal upright of the LV compartment D Earth/ground connection made to a surface

with no paint, varnish or any insulating
material. Spring washers must be used.
B LV compartment E Local earth/ground
C The Easergy P5 protection relay is F Electrical protection

installed in the LV compartment near
the earthing/grounding terminal or
near one of the metal uprights.
The minimum recommended wire size is 2.5 mm² (AWG 14) and should have a
ring terminal at the relay end. Due to the limitations of the ring terminal, the
maximum wire size that can be used is 6.0 mm² (AWG 10) per wire.
Terminal Applicable Wire Max. wire Tighten- Tool

type cable end gauge length ing
torque
earth/ 2.5 ... 6 50 cm (21 1.2 N·m socket

ground stud mm2 in.) (10.6 lb-in) wrench
Ø
P533M1A
(AWG 14 for M4
... 10) screw
Ø = 4 mm (0.16 in.)
NOTE: To avoid any possibility of electrolytic action between brass or copper

earth/ground conductors and the rear panel of the protection relay,
precautions should be taken to isolate them from one another. It is
recommended to place a nickel-plated or insulating washer between the
conductor and Easergy P5 case or to use tinned ring terminals.
P5/EN M/44B 83
Optional rear communication ports and modules

Location of the communication ports
NOTICE
Use RJ45 cable no longer than 10 m (32.8 ft).
The Easergy P5 protection relay range includes optional rear communication ports
and modules with RJ45 or fibre optic connections. The ports and modules are
accessible in the lower part of the rear panel. The following figure shows the
location of these single or dual communication ports and modules:
Slot M Dual port Ethernet TP or fibre optic module, configurable to RSTP redundancy
mode or Dual IP mode without redundancy
Slot N Dual port RS485 or fibre optic serial communication module
Slot P Single extension port for connection with external module and demodulated IRIG-
B input and Back-up memory
Slot M + N Dual port Ethernet fibre optic module with HSR/PRP
Slot L - Dual port Ethernet TP module with

RSTP redundancy
84 P5/EN M/44B
Installing the modules
NOTICE
• Check and make sure the communication modules are locked on the
protection relay.
• Never plug in or draw out the communication modules while the Easergy P5
protection relay is in service, otherwise the Easergy P5 protection relay will
reboot and consequently lose the setting changes made within the last 30
minutes.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in setting change erasure
and consequently mis-operation of the protection relay.
The communication modules are designed with a self-locking structure. After

sliding all the way into position along the bottom slots, the module locks itself in
final place. The green flippable locker at one end locks the communication module
in place.
Figure 79 - Installing the communication module
P5/EN M/44B 85
Slot L: Ethernet communication module with RSTP redundancy

(reference REL51042)
Used for Easergy P5x30 only
The Ethernet communication module is inserted in slot L of Easergy P5x30. It can
be selected as an option when ordering the device or purchased later and
installed on site.
It provides RSTP protocol, which allows fast reconfiguration of the communication
system.
P533M4A
Figure 80 - Example of Ethernet module connection
Table 7 - Characteristics of the Ethernet communication module (reference

REL51042)
Characteristics
Location Slot L
Connection 2 x RJ45 connectors with communication indicators
P533M6A
Ethernet connection 10/100 Mbps
Protocol TP or RSTP
Maximum cable length 10 m (32.8 ft)
86 P5/EN M/44B
Slot M: Ethernet communication module with RSTP redundancy

The Ethernet communication module is inserted in slot M of the device. It can be
selected as an option when ordering the device or purchased later and installed
on site.
It is available in two versions for copper wire ① or fibre optic ② connection.
It provides RSTP redundancy protocol, which allows fast reconfiguration of the
communication system.
1 2
P533M7A
Ethernet module with RJ45 connectors (reference REL51038)


REL51038)
Characteristics
Location Slot M
Connection 2 x RJ45 connectors with communication

indicators
P533M6A
Ethernet connection 10/100 Mbps
Protocol TP or RSTP
P5/EN M/44B 87
Ethernet module with fibre optic connectors (reference REL51039)
CAUTION
EYE DAMAGE AND BLINDNESS
Never look into the end of the fibre optic.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in serious injury.
NOTICE
IMPROPER EQUIPMENT OPERATON
• Use only Schneider approved optical transceiver components.
• Never replace the optical transceiver components with unauthorised
manufactured parts.
Use optical power meters to determine the operation or signal level of the device.
If electrical-to-optical converters are used, they must have management of
character idle state capability (when the fibre optic cable interface is "Light off").
Specific care should be taken with the bending radius of the fibres, and the use of
optical shunts is not recommended as these can decrease the communication
performance of the transmission path over time.

REL51039)
Characteristics
Location Slot M
Connection 2 LC connectors
P533M9A
Ethernet connection 100 Mbps
Protocol TP or RSTP
Optical wavelength 1300 nm
Fibre type Multi-mode glass fibre
Maximum attenuation (fibre optic + connectors) 14 dB (at fibre optic diameter: 62,5/125 μm or
50/125 μm)
Minimum range 2000 m (6561,7 ft)
88 P5/EN M/44B
Slot N: serial line communication modules

The Serial line communication module is inserted in slot N of the device. It can be
selected as an option when ordering the device or purchased later and installed
on site. It is available in 2 versions for RS485 ① or fibre optic ② connection.
1 2
P533MAA
RS485 serial line module (reference REL51036)

The Easergy P5 protection relay can be connected to any RS485 full duplex or
half duplex communication network and can exchange the data necessary for
centralised management of the electrical installation by a SCADA. The serial
RS485 ports are designed for RJ45 connections with the following characteristics
for each terminal.
Figure 83 - Examples of RS485 serial link module connection
VW3A8306RC 1 nF 120 Ω
4
1 nF 120 Ω 5
4 1
2
5 1 nF 120 Ω
P533MBA
The internal polarisation resistor 620 Ω can be enabled or disabled with eSetup
Easergy Pro (see parameter "pull line" in the communication manual).
In order to avoid signal reflections on the line, data transmission lines should
always be terminated with a RC terminating impedance (120 Ω/1 nF, reference
VW3A8306RC), or with a 4 line option that includes 2 pairs of 120 Ω/1 nF RC
terminating impedance, fitted at both ends across the signal wires.
Figure 84 - Terminating the transmission line with a RC terminating

accessory
VW3A8306RC
P533MCA
P5/EN M/44B 89
Table 10 - Characteristics of the RS485 serial line module (reference

REL51036)
Characteristics
Location Slot N
Standard EIA 2-wires RS485 differential or EIA 4-wires RS485 differential

Connection 2 x RJ45 connectors
P533M6A
Protocol TP or RSTP
Line polarisation 620 Ω
Communication network Half or full duplex
Figure 85 - RJ45 female connector viewed from front
1 8
P533RWA
Figure 86 - RJ45 female connector wiring
EIA-485-2
1 1
4 4
5 5
8 8
EIA-485-4
1 1
2 2
4 4
5 5
8 8
P533MDB
90 P5/EN M/44B
Fibre optic serial line module (reference REL51040)
CAUTION
character idle state capability (for when the fibre optic cable interface is "Light
off").
optical shunts is not recommended as these can decrease the performance of the
transmission path over time.
The relay uses 1300 nm multi-mode 100BaseFx ST(BFOC) 2.5 connectors (one
Tx/optical emitter, one Rx/optical receiver).
Figure 87 - Example of fibre optic serial line module connection
Table 11 - Characteristics of the fibre optic serial line module (reference

REL51040)
Characteristics
Location Slot N
Connection 2 x ST (BFOC) connectors
Maximum attenuation (fibre • 5.6 dB at fibre diamenter 50/125 μm

optic + connectors)
• 9.4 dB at fibre diamenter 62.5/125 μm
• 14.9 dB at fibre diamenter 100/140 μm
• 19.2 dB at fibre diamenter 200 (HCS) μm
Minimum range 2000 m (6561,7 ft)
P5/EN M/44B 91
Slot P: extension module (reference REL51034)

The extension module is inserted in slot P of the device. It can be selected as an
option when ordering the device or purchased later and installed on site.
P533MGA
NOTICE
ETHERNET PORT DAMAGE
Connect only Easergy P5 accessories to the extension module.
Connection of other equipment such as computer, switch, low power current

transducer (LPCT) type sensor or other protection relay can result in the damage
of its Ethernet port.
The extension module provides:
• Automatic back-up of data (refer to Backup memory, page 498):
◦ Active configuration file
◦ Disturbance records
◦ Sequence of events records
◦ Power system maintenance data log
• Connection to the external modules
The following Easergy P5 accessories can be connected to the extension module:
• IRIG-B module (see IRIG-B module (reference REL51045), page 114 for
more information)
• MET148-2 temperature sensor module (see MET148-2 - temperature sensor
module (reference 59641), page 111 for more information)
Table 12 - Characteristics of the extension module (reference REL51034)
Characteristics
Location Slot P
Connection RJ45 connector
P533M6A
Type of cable The following cables (Reference numbers) can

be selected for connection:
• Reference 59660, length: 0.6 m (1.97 ft);
• Reference 59661, length: 2 m (6.56 ft);
• Reference 59662, length: 4 m (13.1 ft);
92 P5/EN M/44B
Slot M & N: Ethernet communication module with HSR and PRP

redundancy (reference REL51033)
The Ethernet communication module is inserted in both slot M and N of the
device. It can be selected as an option when ordering the device or purchased
later and installed on site. It provides PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol) and
HSR (High-availability Seamless Redundancy) and is selectable by configuration.
The module allows instantaneous reconfiguration of the communication system
without communication packet loss.
P533MHA
CAUTION
character idle state capability (when the fibre optic cable interface is "Light off").
optical shunts is not recommended as these can decrease the communication
performance of the transmission path over time.
P5/EN M/44B 93

REL51033)
Characteristics
Location Both slot M and N
Connection 2 LC connectors
P533M9A
Ethernet connection 100 Mbps
Fibre type Multi-mode glass fibre
Maximum attenuation (fibre 14 dB (at fibre diameter 50/125 μm or 62.5/125 μm)

optic + connectors)
94 P5/EN M/44B
Other accessories
CSH120 (reference 59635), CSH200 (reference 59636), CSH300
(reference 59637) and GO110 (reference 50134)
Description
The CSH120, CSH200, CSH300 and GO110 core balance current transformers
(CT) are designed for direct neutral current measurement. Due to their low voltage
insulation, they can only be used around insulated cables.
CSH300 ①, CSH200 ② and CSH120 ③ are closed CTs, with different inner
diameters:
• CSH300 ① inner diameter: 291mm (11.46 in.)
• CSH200 ② inner diameter: 196 mm (7.72 in.)
• CSH120 ③ inner diameter: 120 mm (4.72 in.)
GO110 ④ is a split CT, with an inner diameter of 110 mm (4.33 in.).
NOTE: GO110 core balance transformer is not sold anymore. However, for
any refurbishing projects, the Easergy P5 protection relay is compliant with
this core balance transformer and therefore can be connected together as
shown in Typical application diagrams, page 61.
Figure 89 - Core balance current transformers (CT)

1 2 3 4
F0550
P533H3A
① CSH300 core balance CT ③ CSH120 core balance CT

② CSH200 core balance CT ④ GO110 core balance CT
P5/EN M/44B 95
Dimensions
Figure 90 - CSH120, CSH 200 and CSH300 dimensions
4 x ØM 4 x ØN
F ØA H K B
J L
E D
P533H4A
A B D E F H J K L M N
CSH120 120 mm 164 mm 44 mm 190 mm 80 mm 40 mm 166 mm 65 mm 35 mm 6 mm 5 mm
(4.72 in.) (6.46 in.) (1.73 in.) (7.48 in.) (3.15 in.) (1.57 in) (6.54 in.) (2.56 in.) (1.38 in.) (0.24 in.) (0.2 in.)
CSH200 196 mm 256 mm 46 mm 274 mm 120 mm 60 mm 254 mm 104 mm 37 mm

(7.72 in.) (10.1 in.) (1.81 in.) (10.8 in.) (4.72 in.) (2.36 in.) (10 in.) (4.09 in.) (1.46 in.)
CSH300 291 mm 360 mm 46 mm 390 mm 120 mm 60 mm 369 mm 104 mm 37 mm

(11.46 (14.17 (1.81 in.) (15.35 (4.72 in.) (2.36 in.) (14.53 (4.09 in.) (1.46 in.)
in.) in.) in.) in.)
Figure 91 - GO110 dimensions
D
T1 T1 M5
E
C
T2
ØB
T2
ØA
G F
P533H5B
A B D E F G
110 mm (4.33 in.) 224 mm (8.82 in.) 92 mm (3.62 in.) 16 mm (0.63 in.) 44 mm (1.73 in.) 8 mm (0.31 in.)
Opening and closing the GO110 CT

To open the GO110 CT:
• Undo both T1 nuts and remove the two pins.
• Undo both T2 nuts and remove the two bars.
To close the GO110 CT:
• Replace the two bars and tighten both T2 nuts (T2 tightening torque: 30 N·m
or 0.34 lb-in).
• Replace the two pins and tighten both T1 nuts (T1 tightening torque: 70 N·m
or 0.79 lb-in).
96 P5/EN M/44B
Assembly
DANGER
• Only qualified personnel should install this equipment. Such work should be
performed only after reading this entire set of instructions.
• NEVER work alone.
• Turn off all power supplying this equipment before working on or inside it.
Consider all sources of power, including the possibility of backreading.
• Always use a properly rated voltage sensing device to confirm that all power
is off.
• Only CSH120, CSH200 and GO110 core balance CTs can be used for direct
neutral current measurement.
• Install the core balance CTs on insulated cables.
• Cables with a rated voltage of more than 1000 V must also have an earthed/
grounded shielding.
Table 14 - Instructions for assembling the core balance CTs
Select a CT with a diameter at least twice the size of the cable harness going through it
Group the cable(s) in the middle of the CT and use non-conducting binding to hold the CT
in place around the cable harness.
Do not bend the cable(s) close to the CT; install the CT on a straight section of the cable(s)
that is at least twice as long as the CT diameter.
Remember to pass the shielded earthing/grounding braid on the cables back through the
CT. Check that the braid goes the right way through the CT.
When assembling the core balance CTs, group the medium voltage cable (or
cables) in the middle of the core balance CT, use non-conductive binding to hold
the cables, and remember to insert the shielded earthing/grounding braid of the
medium voltage cable through the core balance.
P5/EN M/44B 97
Connection
Recommended cable:
• Sheathed cable (to be compliant with electromagnetic compatibility
requirements), shielded by tinned copper braid.
• Resistance per unit length < 100 mΩ/m (30.5 mΩ/ft).
• Minimum dielectric strength: 1000 V (700 Vrms).
• Connect the cable shielding in the shortest manner possible to the protection
relay.
• Flatten the connection cable against the metal frames of the cubicle.
Core Wiring Type of Tools Tightening torque

balance CT terminal
CSH120 1 to 2.5 mm2 (AWG 18 to 14) wire17 M3.5 screw Flat blade screwdriver 0.8 to 1 N·m
CSH200 Stripped length: 8 mm (0.31 in.) 3.5 mm (0.14 in.) (7.1 to 8.8 lb-in.)
CSH300
GO110 1.5 to 6 mm2 (AWG 16 to 10) wire17 M5 screw Flat spanner for M5 nut 30 N·m (0.34 lb-in.)
Lug with inner diameter: 5 mm (0.2 in.)
The maximum resistance of the connection wiring must not exceed 4 Ω (i.e. 20 m
maximum for 100 mΩ/m or 66 ft maximum for 30.5 mΩ/ft).
Figure 92 - Connecting the core balance CT
15/17
16/18
P533H6B
Note that for specific application, it is possible to connect 2 CSH200 core balance
CTs in parallel, for example, when the medium-voltage cables have a large
diameter and the installation uses 2 or 3 conductors per phase.
NOTICE
UNINTENDED AND NUISANCE TRIPPING
The shield of the CSH cable must be connected to the nearest Easergy P5
protection relay stud with a cable of less than 12 cm (4.72 in.).
Failure to follow these instructions can result in equipment misoperation.
17. Depending on the earth/ground fault current input selected (2 A or 20 A).
98 P5/EN M/44B
Characteristics
Table 15 - Characteristics of the core balance CTs
Characteristics CSH120 CSH200 CSH300 GO110

Inner diameter 120 mm 196 mm 291 mm 110 mm
(4.72 in) (7.72 in) (11.46 in.) (4.33 in.)
Weight 0.6 kg 1.4 kg 2.5 kg 3.2 kg

(1.32 lb) (3.09 lb) (5.51 lb) (7.04 lb)
Accuracy (1CT) ±5% at -20°C (68°F) < 0.5%

±6% max. at -25°C to 70°C (-13°F to +158°F) (10 A to 50 A)
Accuracy (2 CTs - ±10% ±10% -

in parallel)
Transformation 470/1
ratio
Maximum 20 kA - 1s
permissible
current (1CT)
Maximum - 6 kA - 1s 6 kA - 1s -
permissible
current (2 CSHs
in parallel)
Operating -25°C to +70°C (-3°F to +158°F)

temperature
Storage -40°C to +85°C (-0°F to +185°F)

temperature
P5/EN M/44B 99
LPVT hub connector (reference EMS59573)

Description
The LPVT hub connector is a simple passive device that combines three LPVT
signals coming from 3 different connectors on one single RJ45 connection.
The output of the LPVT hub connector is directly connected to the LPVT input of
the Easergy P5 protection relay.
The LPVT Hub connector also manages the presence of each LPVT connection
thanks to a daisy chain across the three sensors. If at least one LPVT is missing or
one cable is damaged, an alarm event is logged and displayed on the local panel.
Figure 93 - LPVT hub connector
LPVT L3
LPVT L2
LPVT L1
OUT
P533H7A
Connection
The LPVT hub connector is connected to the protection relay through its RJ45
output connector and to the LPVT sensors through the RJ45 input connectors.
Figure 94 - LPVT hub connector connected to Easergy P5x30 protection

relay
LPVT L3 LPVT L3
LPVT L2 LPVT L2
LPVT L1 LPVT L1
OUT OUT
P533H8A
100 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 16 - Characteristics of the LPVT hub connector
Characteristics Values
Electric
Input voltage < 10 V
Input voltage limits < 30 V
Network frequency 50/60 Hz
Electrical connection Output : RJ45 connector

Input : 3 RJ45 connector
Form factor
Dimension (L x W x H) 95 mm x 40 mm x 40 mm (3.74 x 1.57 x 1.57 in)
Weight 0.25 kg (0.55 lb)
Mounting support DIN rail
Environment
IP degree of protection IEC 60529 IP30
IK degree of protection IEC 62262 IK07
Ambient air temperature for - -40℃ to 85℃ (-40℉ to 185℉)

operation
Ambient air temperature for - -40℃ to 85℃ (-40℉ to 185℉)

storage
Fire resistance IEC 60695-2-11 850℃ (1562℉)
Environmental characteristic IEC 60068-2-11 Salt mist : 200 hours

Relative humidity IEC 60068-2-30 95%
Operating altitude - ≤ 3000 m (1.86 miles)
P5/EN M/44B 101

Voltage adapter (reference EMS59572)

Description
The voltage transformer adapter is made with 4 resistor bridges used to interface
conventional voltage transformers (VTs) with the Easergy P5 protection relay
equipped for LPCT/LPVT sensors (please order this accessory separately from
Schneider Electric).
Connection
NOTICE
INCORRECT VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT
• The earth/ground of the connection diagrams below must be the same of the
whole Easergy P5 protection relay. The 0 V of the Easergy P5 power supply
input must be connected to this earth/ground.
• Earth/ground connection point of AC voltage adapter must be connected to
the isolated ground of VT sensor (LV transformer). For other wiring cases,
please consult Schneider Electric.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in measurement error.
Figure 95 - 3 phase to neutral voltages connection
A
B
C
RJ45 cable
Brown
Black
Grey
Ground connection
point of voltage adapter
P533H9B
Figure 96 - 2 phase to phase voltages connection
A
B
C
RJ45 cable
Brown
Black
Grey
Ground connection
P533HAB
102 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 97 - 1 additional phase to phase voltage connection
A
B
C
RJ45 cable
Black Ground connection

P533HBB
Figure 98 - Open-delta connection for P5x30
A
B
C
RJ45 cable
Black
Ground connection
P533HCB
Figure 99 - Open-delta connection for P5U20
A
B
C
RJ45 cable
Brown
Ground connection
P533HDB
The Ethernet RJ45 cable is connected to the Easergy P5 protection relay.

Length maximum: 4 m (13.12 ft)
• CCA770 - 0.6 m (1.97 ft) (reference: 59660)
• CCA772 - 2 m (6.56 ft) (reference: 59661)
• CCA774 - 4 m (13.12 ft) (reference 59662)
NOTE: The voltage adapter is delivered with black, brown, grey and light blue
cable. The light blue cable in the voltage transformer adapter input is not used.
P5/EN M/44B 103

Dimensions
Figure 100 - External dimensions of the AC voltage adapter
B C
P533HEA
A B C D E
120 mm (4.72 in.) 38 mm (1.49 in.) 52 mm (2.04 in.) 90 mm (3.54 in.) 25 mm (0.98 in.)
Mounting
DIN rail mounting Fastening with collar Mounting on telequick grid
Screw
Click!
Screw
P533HFA
P533HHA
Mounting the adapter by its Mounting the adapter using Mounting the adapter on
fixture structure on rail two fastening collars (width: 4 Telequick grid using two
mm/0.16 in) screws (4 mm/0.16 in)
RJ45 terminal locking

The RJ45 input of the voltage transformer adapter can be locked in the open or
closed position by placing a seal in the hole marked with a lock symbol (see figure
below). This allows to lock the RJ45 connector of the Ethernet cable in its slot or
helps prevent its connection.
Figure 101 - RJ45 terminal lock
P533HGB P533RVA
Locked in close Locked in open

position position
104 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 17 - Characteristics of the voltage adapter
Characteristics Standard Value

Input voltage 50 V AC to 200 V AC (phase to phase)
Voltage max 600 V max permanent
Network frequency 50/60 Hz
Ambient air IEC 60068-2-1 -40℃ to 70℃ (-40℉ to 158℉)

temperature for IEC 60068-2-2
operation
Ambient air IEC 60068-2-1 -40℃ to 85℃ (-40℉ to 185℉)

temperature for IEC 60068-2-2
storage
Humidity IEC 60068-2-30 95% HR; 144 hours (6 cycles of 12 hours at 55°C
(131°F) and another 12 hours at 25°C (77°F))
Salt spray IEC 60068-2-11 168 hours
Vibration IEC 60068-2-6 10 Hz to 2000 Hz; 10 cycles at 2 Gn (peak value)
Bump IEC 60068-2-29 20 Gn/16 ms/1000 bumps, module de-energised
Shock IEC 60068-2-27 10 Gn; 11ms; 3 pulses, module in operation
Seismic IEC 60255-21-3 Class 2 - module in operation:

3 to 35 Hz/15 mm/2 Gn/1 cycle Horizontal axe
3 to 35 Hz/7 mm/1 Gn/1 cycle Vertical axe
High voltage withstand IEC 60255-27 2 kV for 1 minute

(dielectric)
Impulse voltage IEC 60255-27 5 kV, 1.2/50 μs, 0.5 J
Robustness IEC 62262 IK7, 2J
Degree of protection IEC 60529 IP20, module body (without wires)
Weight 150 g (0.33 lb)
Mounting support Symmetrical DIN rail
RJ45 LPCT/LPVT plug

This RJ45 LPCT/LPVT plug is used when a sensor is not present to close the loop
of the sensors presence detection (see Connector A cabling kit for LPCT/LPVT
analogue inputs (REL51079), page 69). It could be used on LPVT HUB inputs or
on LPVT or LPCT P5x inputs.
Figure 102 - RJ45 LPCT/LPVT plug
P533ONA
Its purpose is to close the loop of the sensor presence detection on pins 3-6 of the
RJ45 and to zeroed the low voltage inputs shorting the 3 others pairs of the RJ45
connector. (1-2, 4-5, 7-8)
P5/EN M/44B 105

Figure 103 - Pairs of the RJ45 connector
8 PIN 5 PIN 1
7
6 PIN 4 PIN 2
5
4
3 PIN 3 PIN 7
2 1
1 1 PIN 6 PIN 8
P533HIA
Arc-flash sensor (reference REL52801 to REL52810)
DANGER
Clean the arc sensor periodically as instructed in this user manual and after an
arc-flash fault.
Description
The arc-flash sensors are used by Easergy P5x30 to detect light coming from an
arc-flash incident. They are installed in the protection zone and connected to the
connector terminal on the protection relay.
The arc-flash sensor is activated by strong light caused by an arcing fault. The
sensor transforms light information into a current signal, which is used by the
protection relay to detect an arc-flash and provides the corresponding protection
function.
Dimensions
Figure 104 - Dimensions of the standard arc-flash sensors
mm 22.2
in 0.83 20
14 0.79
0.55
0.39
10
25
1.83
46.4
0.98
8
0.31
4.2
0.17 P533HJA
Figure 105 - Dimensions of the pipe type arc-flash sensors

mm
in
11 62
0.43 2.44
P533HKA
106 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 18 - Characteristics of the standard arc-flash sensors
Charac- REL52801 REL52802 REL52803 REL52804 REL52805 REL52806

teristics
Cable 6 20 20 6 6 6
length (m)
18
Shielded - - ■ - - ■
cable
Halogen - ■ - ■ - -
free
Material Plastic
Weight (g/ 1,000/2.2 1,300/2.87 1,300/2.87 300/0.66 400/0.88 400/0.88
lb)
Environ- Pollution Degree 2

ment
Operation -25°C to +70°C(-13°F to +158°F)
tempera-
ture
Light 400 – 1100 nm
spectrum
sensitive
area
Detection 100 to 300 μs depending on the flash light received
time
Light 8,000 – 10,000 lux
sensitivity
Loop Yes
supervi-
sion
Table 19 - Characteristics of the pipe type arc-flash sensors
Characteristics REL52807 REL52808 REL52809 REL52810

Cable length (m)18 20 20 6 6
Shielded cable - ■ - ■
Halogen free - - - -
Material Plastic
Weight (g/lb) 1,000/2.2 1,300/2.87 300/0.66 400/0.88
Environment Pollution Degree 2
Operation temperature -25°C to +70°C(-13°F to +158°F)
Light spectrum 400 – 1100 nm

sensitive area
Detection time 100 to 300 μs depending on the flash light received
Light sensitivity 8,000 – 10,000 lux
Loop supervision Yes
DANGER
Never attempt to extend the length of arc-flash sensor cables.
18. To connect the interface in the Easergy P5 protection relay, use REL52883 cable.
P5/EN M/44B 107

Mounting the sensors to the switchgear
DANGER
• Apply appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and follow safe
electrical work practices. See NFPA 70E, NOM-029-STPS-2011, or
CSAZ462.
• The arc fault detection system is not a substitute for proper PPE when
working on or near equipment being monitored by the system.
• Information on this product is offered as a tool for conducting arc-flash
hazard analysis. It is intended for use only by qualified persons who are
knowledgeable about power system studies, power distribution equipment,
and equipment installation practices. It is not intended as a substitute for the
engineering judgement and adequate review necessary for such activities.
• Only qualified personnel should install and service this equipment. Read this
entire set of instructions and check the technical characteristics of the device
before performing such work.
• Perform wiring according to national standards (NEC) and any requirements
specified by the customer.
• Observe any separately marked notes and warnings.
• Before performing visual inspections, tests, or maintenance on this
equipment, disconnect all sources of electric power. Assume all circuits are
live until they are completely de-energised, tested, and tagged. Pay
particular attention to the design of the power system. Consider all sources
of power, including the possibility of back feeding.
• Always use a properly rated voltage sensing relay to ensure that all power is
off.
• The equipment must be properly grounded.
• Connect the device's protective ground to functional earth according to the
connection diagrams presented in this document.
• Do not open the device. It contains no user-serviceable parts.
• Install all devices, doors and covers before turning on the power to this
device.
Install arc-flash sensors inside the switchgear. There are two options for mounting
the sensors:
• in customer-drilled holes on the switchgear
• on VYX001 Z-shape or VYX002 L-shape mounting plates available from
Schneider Electric or locally fabricated from supplied drawings
108 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 106 - VYX 001 mounting plate for sensor

mm 50 51
in 1.97 25 2.0
15
0.59 0.98
59
2.32 2.5
42 0.1
1.65
10
0.39
15
50 0.59
7
1.97
0.28
P533HLA
Figure 107 - VYX 002 mounting plate for sensor

mm
in 10
0.39
15 59 15
0.59 2.32 0.59
3
0.12
30
1.18
30
1.18 P533HMA
Figure 108 - Mounting the sensor
P533HNA
Ⓐ Active part of the sensor

Ⓑ Cable clamp
Ⓒ Fastening with M4 x 15 mm (0.59 in) screw
Ⓓ Sensor cable
• Press the active part of the sensor through the 10 mm hole in the panel
surface.
• Fix it with a M4 screw.
P5/EN M/44B 109

Connecting the sensors to the device

The sensors are delivered with 6 m (19.7 ft) or 20 m (65.6 ft) cables.
DANGER
Never attempt to extend the length of arc-flash sensor cables.
After mounting the sensors, connect them to the device.

1. Route the wire to the nearest device using the shortest route possible.
Cut the wire to a suitable length.
Take into account the wiring methods inside the equipment. This should be
compliant with local regulations.
2. Connect the arc sensors to the screw terminals.
The polarity of the arc sensor cables is not critical.
Figure 109 - Point sensor connections
D 15 +
Sensor 1
D 16 -
D 17 +
Sensor 2
D 18 -
D 19 +
Sensor 3
D 20 -
E 15 +
Sensor 4
E 16 -
E 17 +
Sensor 5
E 18 -
E 19 +
Sensor 6
E 20 -
P533HOA
Table 20 - Point sensor connections
Slot Pin no. Description
D 15 Arc sensor 1 positive terminal
16 Arc sensor 1 negative terminal
17 Arc sensor 2 positive terminal
E 15 Arc sensor 4 positive terminal
3. Connect the cable shield to the corresponding grounding stud connector on

slot D or E when using shielded cable on the sensors.
110 P5/EN M/44B

MET148-2 - temperature sensor module (reference 59641)
DANGER
Check that the temperature sensors are isolated from dangerous voltages.
Description
The temperature sensor module is an external module used for temperature
measurement with Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs). It is connected to
the extension module. It can be selected as an option when ordering the device or
purchased later and installed on site. It provides 8 RTD inputs.
Figure 110 - MET148-2 temperature sensor module
The MET148-2 module can be used to connect 8 temperature sensors (RTDs) of

the same type:
• Pt100, Ni100 or Ni120 type RTDs, according to parameter setting
• 3-wire temperature sensors
• A single module for each Easergy P5 protection relay to be connected by one
of the CCA770 (0.6 m or 2 ft), CCA772 (2 m or 6.6 ft) or CCA774 (4 m or 13.1
ft) cords
The temperature measurement (e.g. in a transformer or motor winding) is utilised
by the following protection functions:
• Thermal overload (to take ambient temperature using RTD number 8)
• Temperature monitoring.
P5/EN M/44B 111

Connection
Figure 111 - Connection of the MET148-2 temperature sensor module
Connectors and terminals on the module:

• A: Terminal block for RTDs 1 to 4
• B: Terminal block for RTDs 5 to 8
• Da: RJ45 connector to connect the module to the Easergy P5 protection relay
with a CCA77x cord
• Dd: RJ45 connector to link up the next remote module with a CCA77x cord
Jumper for impedance matching terminal with load resistor (Rc) to be set to:
• - if the module is not the last interlinked module (default position).
• - if the module is the last interlinked module.

Jumper used to select module number, to be set to:
• MET1: first MET148-2 module, to measure temperatures T1 to T8 (default
position)
• MET2: second MET148-2 module, to measure temperatures T9 to T16.
112 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 21 - Characteristics of the MET148-2 temperature sensor module
Dimensions (L × W × D) 144 mm × 88 mm × 30 mm
(5.67 in × 3.46 in × 1.81 in)19
Weight 0.2 kg (0.441 lb)
Mounting support On symmetrical DIN rail
Operating temperature -40°C - +70°C (-40°F - +158°F)
Temperature sensors
Type of sensors Pt100 Ni100/Ni120
Isolation from earth/ground None None
Current to RTD 4 mA 4 mA
Maximum distance between sensor 1 km (0.62 mi)
and MET148-2
Recommended cross-sections according to distance:

• Up to 100 m (330 ft) ≥ 1 mm2 (AWG 18)
• Up to 300 m (990 ft) ≥ 1.5 mm2 (AWG 16)
• Up to 1 km (0.62 mi) ≥ 2.5 mm2 (AWG 12)
Maximum distance between sensor and module: 1 km (0.62 mi) .
19. Depth is 70 mm (2.8 in) with cable connected
P5/EN M/44B 113

IRIG-B module (reference REL51045)

Description
The IRIG-B module is an external module used for accurate time synchronisation.
It is connected to the extension module. It can be selected as an option when
ordering the device or purchased later and installed on site.
The module provides both a modulated (MOD INPUT) and an unmodulated input
(UNMOD INPUT) and can automatically detect which input type is used. No
configuration of input type is needed in the Easergy P5 protection relay.
It does not require any auxiliary supply connection.
Figure 112 - IRIG-B module
MOD
INP
UT
UNM
OD
INPUT
IRIG
0
GN
-B
EXT O
UT
EXT IN
P533HRA
Characteristics
Table 22 - Characteristics of the IRIG-B module
Standard
Standard IRIG 200-04
Form factor
Height 95 mm (3.7 in)
Width 36 mm (1.4 in)
Depth 87 mm (3.4 in)
Weight 100 g (3.53 oz)
Mounting support Symmetrical DIN rail
Modulated IRIG-B input
Connection BNC socket

Type of cable 50 Ohm coaxial
Length of cable < 150 m (492.13 ft)
Time code format B120 to B127

Input signal level 200 mV to 10 V
Unmodulated IRIG-B input
Connection Screw-type terminals
Type of cable Twisted pair
Length of cable < 50 m (164.04 ft)
Time code format B000 to B007

Input impedance 10 kΩ
Input signal level 2 V to 6 V peak
114 P5/EN M/44B

Connection
The IRIG-B module is connected to the Easergy P5 protection relay from its EXT
IN port. The cable used for connection must be shielded and of a length not
exceeding 10 m (32.8 ft).
The IRIG-B module provides an additional extension port (EXT OUT) for
connecting other accessories such as the MET148-2 module with CCA77x cords.
The time source is connected to the module through the modulated input, or
through the unmodulated input by connecting signal + to the IRIG-B terminal, and
signal - to the 0+ terminal.
NOTE: If one source is connected on the modulated input and another one on
the unmodulated input, the modulated signal has the priority.
Figure 113 - Connection of IRIG-B
5
8
2
EXT IN
T
EXT OU
3
MOD INPUT UNMOD INPUT 4
8
IRIG-B
0+
GND
P533HSA
① to extension port P of relay ⑤ IRIG-B module
② to EXT IN port of IRIG-B ⑥ Time source to unmodulated IRIG-B input
③ to EXT OUT port of IRIG-B ⑦ Time source to modulated IRIG-B input
④ MET148-2 module ⑧ CCA77x cord
DANGER
• Install IRIG-B module between Easergy P5 protection relay and any other
accessories like MET148-2 temperature module.
• Do not interface any accessories between Easergy P5 protection relay and
IRIG-B module.
P5/EN M/44B 115

CT requirements
WARNING
Select the CT size according to the requirement from the electric network.
equipment damage.
The Easergy P5 phase current inputs can be connected to standard 1 A or 5 A

CTs.
Sizing rules of phase and neutral CTs can be specific for each function and
depend on which of the following have to be considered:
• Phase overcurrent protection
• Neutral overcurrent protection
• Restricted earth fault protection
Phase and neutral overcurrent protection

The CTs must be sized to avoid saturation during steady state short circuit
currents where accuracy is required, according to the rules described below for
Definite Time (DT) or Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT) operation.
The condition to be fulfilled by the CT saturation current (Isat) depends on the type
of overcurrent protection operation time:
Time Delay Condition to be Fulfilled Illustration
DT Isat > 1.5 x set point (Is)

t
I
Is Isat
P533DAA
IDMT Isat > 1.5 x the smallest of the

following 2 values: t
• Isc.max, maximum installation

short-circuit current
• 20 x Is (IDMT curve dynamic
range)
I
Is Isat
1.5 Min (Isc.max, 20 Is)
Min (Isc.max, 20 Is) P533DBA
The method for calculating the saturation current depends on the CT accuracy
class as indicated further below.
116 P5/EN M/44B

Practical information
In the absence of any information about the settings, the characteristics below are
suitable for most situations:
Rated Rated Burden Accuracy Class CT Secondary Wiring

Secondary (VACT) and Accuracy Resistance Resistance (Rw)
Current (Isec.nom) Limit Factor (RCT)
1A 2.5 VA 5P20 <3Ω < 0.075 Ω

5A 7.5 VA 5P20 < 0.2 Ω < 0.075 Ω
Restricted earth fault protection

For accuracy, Class PX or Class 5P CTs should be used for low impedance
Restricted earth fault (REF) applications.
A series of tests with internal and external faults were performed to determine the
CT requirements for the REF function. These tests were performed under different
primary system X/R ratios, CT burdens, fault currents, fault types and point on
wave according to IEC 60255-187 standard for:
• ISC ≤ 20 Inom
• X/R ≤ 64
Both bias characteristics of REF protection were checked at their default settings:
• Low set Id1 = 0.20 pu
Further in Max (IP) bias mode:
• Slope k1 = 20%
• Low set Ib1 = 1.00 pu
• Slope k2 = 150%
• Min measured IG = 0.1 pu
According to the test results, to achieve fast trip during internal faults and to keep
stability for through faults, the CT dimensioning must comply with the following
requirements:
• KSSC ≤ 8
• CT class 5P10 with nominal burden, or equivalent class PX CT.
Calculating the saturation current in class P

A class P CT is characterised by:
• Iprim.nom: Rated primary current (in A)
• Isec.nom: Rated secondary current (in A)
• Accuracy class, expressed by a percentage, 5P or 10P, followed by the
Accuracy-Limit Factor (ALF), whose usual values are 5, 10, 15, 20, 30
• VACT: Rated burden, whose usual values are 2.5/ 5/ 7.5/ 10/ 15/ 30 VA
• RCT: Resistance of the secondary winding (in Ω)
The installation is characterised by the burden resistance Rb at the CT secondary
(wiring + protection relay). If the CT load complies with the rated burden, i.e.
Rb.nom x Isec.nom2 = VACT, the saturation current is equal to Isat = ALF x Iprim.nom.
If the CT winding resistance RCT is known, it is possible to calculate the actual CT
ALF, which takes account of the actual CT load. The saturation current then
equals actual ALF x Iprim.nom, where:
P5/EN M/44B 117

RCT × Isec.nom2 + VACT

Actual ALF = ALF ×
(RCT + Rb) × Isec.nom2
P533DCA
Hence if the actual CT load is less than its nominal burden (Rb.act < Rb.nom), a
higher short-circuit current can be transmitted without saturation.
Example:
A CT with the following characteristics is given:
• Transformation ratio: 100 A / 5 A
• Accuracy class and accuracy limit factor: 5P20
• Rated burden: 2.5 VA
• Resistance of the secondary winding: 0.1 Ω
To get an ALF of at least 20, i.e. a saturation current of 20 x Iprim.nom = 2 kA, the
load resistance Rb of the CT must be less than:
VACT
Rb,max = = 0.1 Ω
Isec.nom2 P533PHA
This represents 12 m (39 ft) of wire with cross-section 2.5 mm² (AWG 14) for a
resistance per unit length of 8 mΩ/m (2.4 mΩ/ft) approximately.
For an installation with 50 m (164 ft) of wiring with section 2.5 mm² (AWG 14), the
actual resistance is Rb = 0.4 Ω, and hence actual ALF is:
RCT × Isec.nom2 + VACT 0.1 × 25 + 2.5

Actual ALF = ALF× = =8
(RCT + Rb) × Isec.nom2 (0.1 + 0.4) × 25 P533DEA
Therefore, the saturation current for this CT installation is:

Isat = 8 x Iprim.nom = 800 A.
NOTE: The actual CT burden Rb connected on its secondary side is given as
follows:
• For phase to ground faults: Rb = 2 RW + Rrel
• For phase to phase faults: Rb = RW + Rrel
Where the wire lead burden is calculated as:
𝑙
RW = ρ ×
A P533PIA
with ρ = specific conductor resistance, e.g. for copper 0.021 Ω mm²/m at 75°C
l = wire length in [m]
A = wire cross section in [mm²]
The impedance of Easergy P5 protection relays current inputs (Rrel = 4 mΩ) is
often negligible compared to the wiring resistance.
Calculating the saturation current in class PX

A class P CT is characterised by:
• Iprim.nom: Rated primary current (in A)
• Isec.nom: Rated secondary current (in A)
• Vk: Rated knee-point voltage (in V)
• RCT: Maximum resistance of the secondary winding (in Ω)
The saturation current is calculated with the actual load resistance Rb at the CT
secondary (wiring + protection relay):
118 P5/EN M/44B

Vk I
Isat = × prim.nom
RCT + Rb Isec.nom
P533PKA
Examples:
CT with transformation ratio 100 A / 5 A, Vk = 20 V, RCT = 0.13 Ω, Rb = 0.4 Ω
20 100
Isat = × = 754 A
0.13 + 0.4 5
P533PJA
CT with transformation ratio 100 A / 1 A, Vk = 90 V, RCT = 3.5 Ω, Rb = 0.4 Ω
90 100
Isat = × = 2307A
3.5 + 0.4 1 P533PLA
P5/EN M/44B 119

LPCT configuration
Introduction
This section gives an overview of some reasons to move from traditional CT to
LPCT, what is an LPCT and how to configure them in eSetup Easergy Pro (at least
V3.0.0).
Further details, such as how to wire the LPCT or the VT adapter is described in the
following section.
Benefits of LPCTs
In short, the use of Low Power Instrument Current Transformers brings many
benefits through-out the project lifecycle, which are detailed below.
Personal safety is improved during testing and operation

With LPCT technology, due to its specific design, there is no risk in the event of
accidental opening of the secondary circuit, as the output is always low voltage:
• The 1 A or 5 A ICT secondary current is replaced by either 22.5 mV, 150 mV,
or 225 mV in LPCTs.
• As these secondaries can be left open or short-circuited without risk, there is
no longer the need for short-circuit devices that were designed to mitigate
those risks.
One LPCT can replace the needs of dedicated measurement and protection
CTs
As LPCTs commonly saturate much later than Inductive Current Transforms
(ICTs), they can allow fault measurement ranging from 5 kA to 80 kA primary.
The measurement accuracy of an LPCT could range from 5% of rated primary
current to the extended primary current. It may be specified as class 0.1, 0.2, 0.5,
or 1.
However, its protection accuracy could range from the extended primary current to
the accuracy limit of primary current. It may be specified as either class 5P, 10P or
5TPE.
For example, a 100 A LPCT may be labelled as 0.5/5P 25000 A, meaning:
M class = 0.5%, P class = 5P up to 25 kA (250 times primary current rating).
Because LPCTs have an extended rated primary current range, their application
scope is much wider, the LPCT primary rating is no longer required to be as close
as possible to the nominal current, and therefore no longer a major determining
factor in specifications.
For measurement class
In this example, a multipurpose normalized LPCT with a 100 A rated primary
current and a 1000 A extended primary current can be used in place of the 10
different ICTs with the following primary currents:
100, (125), 150, 200, (250), 300, (400), 500, (600), 750** (but not 1000**)
NOTE: ** An ICT has an extended primary current equal to only 120% of its
rated current.
• 750 A x 1.2 = 900 A is below the 1000 A extended primary current.
• 1000 A x 1.2 = 1200 A is above the 1000 A extended primary current.
120 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 114 - LPCT measurement accuracies for primary currents
If we know that the initial nominal current to be measured is between 100 A and
750 A, we can order a 100 A rated LPCT with 1000 A extended primary current
and still be flexible to last-minute changes or when load flow may increase
subsequently.
For protection class
Same example, a multipurpose normalized LPCT with a 100 A rated primary
current and a 1000 A extended primary current can be used in place of the 13
different ICTs with the following primary currents:
25, 50, 100, (125), 150, 200, (250), 300, (400), 500, (600), 750 and 1000
Figure 115 - LPCT protection accuracies for primary currents
If we know that the initial nominal current for protection is between 25 and 1000 A,
we can order a 100 A rated LPCT with 1000 A extended primary current and still
be flexible to last-minute changes or when load flow may increase subsequently.
Save time and money during project planning and execution

Standardized products can now be used with a wider range of application,
providing faster and simpler integration. No longer do you need to wait for CT
sizing clarifications, because fewer designs cover the majority of requirements,
providing many other benefits.
• Reduced variation of ordering
P5/EN M/44B 121

• Simplified and improved quality of project documentation

• In-stock products with fast delivery
• Simplified installation
Compact switchgear with reduced footprint is more sustainable

The size and weight of the Low Power Current Transformers are reduced to less
than 10% compared to ICTs. This allows future switchgear designs to be more
compact, reducing materials used and the environmental impact. Switchgear
handling, transport, installation and replacement are also much simplified.
LPCT characteristics
The multipurpose LPCT is designed to measure from 5% of Ipr to kalf x Ipr and is
defined with a:
• Rated primary current (Ipr) (minimum current for measuring accuracy class)
• Rated extended primary current (Iepr = Ipr × Kpcr) (maximum current for
measuring accuracy class)
• Rated accuracy limit (Ikpr = Ipr × kalf) (maximum current for protection
accuracy class)
Figure 116 - Magnitude and phase errors across the measurement range
For example, the Schneider Electric LPCTs have the characteristics as shown
below.
Table 23 - Characteristics of the LPCT
Characteristics Ipr (A) Iepr (A) Ikpr (A)
CLV1 100 1250 16000

TLPU1 100 630 25000
TLP130 100 1250 25000
TLP160 or 190 100 2500 40000
CLP2 100 1250 40000 100 1250 40000
CLP3 100 2500 40000
CLP1 100 1250 50000
122 P5/EN M/44B

LPCT input characteristics

The LPCT input measuring range is 45 In. That means 25 In fully offset:
Figure 117 - Fault characteristic
C
2√2 I’’K
iP
A 2√2 IK
P533S3A
A Current B Top envelope
C id.c. D Bottom envelope
E Time
NOTE:
• I''K = initial symmetrical short-circuit current
• iP = peak short-circuit current
• IK = steady-state short-circuit current
• id.c. = d.c. component of short-circuit current
• A = initial value of the d.c. component id.c.
• 2√2 I”K = For a fully offset fault current where I”K is the rms of the initial
fault current and 2√2 I”K is the peak to peak current
• 2√2 IK = the peak to peak value of the steady state short circuit current
LPCT configuration procedure

Unlike CTs that need to meet the application CT requirements, LPCTs do not have
any saturation. LPCT suitability needs to be calculated according to the two
following main rules:
1. Select or check the LPCT suitability
The maximum short circuit (IfMax) must be below the LPCT protection rated
accuracy limit:
• IfMax < Ikpr
P5/EN M/44B 123

2. In eSetup EasergyPro (at least V3.0.0), under GENERAL/Scaling menu, you

can find the LPCT setting.
Figure 118 - LPCT setting
The nominal current In is equal to (Ipr x Current factor)

a. For LPCT secondary nominal voltage (Vsec) = 22.5 mV
• Set the LPCT rated primary current (Ipr), for example 100 A
• Then set the “Current factor” to adjust the nominal current, for
example, 2 for In = 200 A or 4 for In = 400 A
b. For other LPCT secondary nominal voltage (Vsec)
• For (Vsec) = 150 mV select first 6.66 or for Vsec = 225 mA select
first 10
• Then set the LPCT rated primary current (Ipr) to (Ipr / Current factor)
• Then finetune the “Current factor” to adjust the nominal current, for
example, 5 instead of 6.66 for In = 75 A or 20 instead of 10 for 200 A
The nominal current In must be:
• Below the LPCT rated accuracy limit divided by 25: In < Ikpr/25
• Below the LPCT rated extended primary current: In < Iepr whenever
possible
• Above 20% of the LPCT rated primary current In > Ipr/5
• As close as possible to the nominal load current. It does not need to be
among the standardized values.
For example, with a multipurpose LPCT with a 100 A rated primary current, a
1250 A extended primary current and an accuracy limit of 16000 A:
Example 1: Maximum short circuit of 10 kA and a nominal current of 200 A
1. The maximum short circuit must be below the LPCT rated accuracy limit:
• IfMax < Ikpr: 10 kA < 16 kA (OK)
2. The maximum nominal current to be set in the P5 relay must be:
• Below the LPCT rated accuracy limit / 25: In < Ikpr/25: 16000/25 = 640 A
(OK)
• Below the LPCT rated extended primary current: In < Iepr: < 1250 A
(possible)
• Above 20% of the LPCT rated primary current In > Ipr/5: 20 A (OK)
200 A can be chosen (fine for measurement and protection).
• IfMax < Ikpr: 20 kA < 16 kA
This is NOT OK. A different LPCT must be chosen. For example, a
multipurpose LPCT with a 100 A rated primary current, a 1250 A extended
primary current and an accuracy limit of 25000 A.
124 P5/EN M/44B


• Below the LPCT rated accuracy limit / 25: In < Ikpr/25: 25000/25 = 1000
A (OK)
• Below the LPCT rated extended primary current: In < Iepr: < 1250 A
(possible)
among the standardized values
400 A can be chosen (fine for measurement and protection)
• IfMax < Ikpr: 50 kA < 16 kA
This is NOT OK. A different LPCT must be chosen. For example, a
multipurpose LPCT with a 100 A rated primary current, a 1250 A extended
primary current and an accuracy limit of 50000 A.
• Below the LPCT rated accuracy limit / 25: In < Ikpr/25: 50000/25 = 2000
A (OK)
• Below the LPCT rated extended primary current: In < Iepr: < 1250 A (not
possible but optional)
2000 A can be chosen (fine only for protection)
P5/EN M/44B 125

LPVT configuration
Introduction
This section gives an overview of LPVTs, reasons to move from traditional VTs to
LPVTs, and how to configure them in eSetup Easergy Pro (at least V3.0.0).
following section.
Benefits of LPVTs
In short, the use of Low Power Voltage Transformers brings many benefits
throughout the project lifecycle, which are detailed below.
Personal safety is improved during testing and operation

With LPVT technology, there is no risk in the event of touching the secondary
circuit as the output is low voltage.
• The VT (phase to neutral) secondary rated voltages, ranging from 57.73 V to
69.3 V and/or 115.47 V to 132.79 V, are now reduced to 1.88 V (3,25/√3 V) in
LPVTs.
• As the risk of short-circuited secondary disappears, it also removes the need
for VT fuses.
• The effect of ferroresonance has disappeared as well.
One LPVT can replace the need of several nominal voltage rated VTs
An LPVT is now defined for a wider range of ratings compared to an Inductive
Voltage Transformer (IVT), for example, 3 to 20 kV, class 0.5P, from 2% to 190%
of its rated voltage which is better than the former 0.5 / 3P classification. The
effect of ferroresonance has disappeared as well.
Figure 119 - LPVT accuracies for primary voltages
For protection, the above LPVT can be used in place of the 5 different VTs with the
following primary voltages (in kV): 3, 6, 10, (15), 20.
126 P5/EN M/44B

Save time and money during project planning and execution

Standardized products can now be used with a wider range of application,
providing faster and simpler integration. No longer do you need to wait for sizing
clarifications, because fewer designs cover the majority of requirements, providing
many other benefits.
• Reduced variation of ordering
• Simplified and improved quality of project documentation
• In-stock products with fast delivery
• Simplified installation
Compact switchgear with reduced footprint is more sustainable

The size and weight of the Low Power Voltage Transformers are reduced to less
than 10% compared to IVTs. This allows future switchgear designs to be more
compact, reducing materials used and the environmental impact. Switchgear
handling, transport, installation and replacement are also simplified.
LPVT characteristics
The multipurpose LPVT is designed to measure from 2% of Vpri (min) to 1.9 x Vpri
(Max) and is typically defined with a:
• Rated primary voltage Vpri
• Range of rated primary voltage (Vprimin, VpriMax) (minimum and maximum
voltage for measuring and protecting accuracy classes)
• Rated secondary voltage Vsec
Figure 120 - Magnitude accuracy
Figure 121 - Phase accuracy
P5/EN M/44B 127

For example, the Schneider Electric LPVTs have the following characteristics.
Table 24 - Characteristics of the LPVT
Characteristics Vpri (kV) Vprimin (kV) VpriMax (kV) VpriMax/Vpri
Ref.1 10 2.4 11 1.1

Ref.2 20 100 20 1
Ref.3 20 100 22 1.1
Ref.4 30 100 33 1.1
NOTE: The LPVTs need to be connected to the P5 by the LPVT hub

connector, the figure below shows the look of LPVT hub connector. See the
LPVT hub connector (reference EMS59573), page 100 section for
supplementary information on this topic.
Figure 122 - LPVT hub connector
LPVT input characteristics

The Easergy P5 LPVT input measuring range is above 1.5 x 1.9 x Vsec (with 1.5
the biggest ratio between Vprimax and Vpri).
Easergy P5 can be connected to either an LPVT or a VT (thanks to the EMS59572
adapter).
The selection for the direct LPVT is done in eSetup Easergy Pro (at least V3.0.0),
at the Create configuration window once the Measurement card in slot A: has
been set to the LPIT option.
Figure 123 - Selection of the LPIT option
128 P5/EN M/44B

LPVT configuration procedure

Two main simple rules are required to follow:
1. Select or check the LPVT suitability
The nominal voltage (Vn) must be within the LPVT range of rated primary
voltage: IfMax < Ikpr
2. In eSetup EasergyPro (at least V3.0.0), under GENERAL/Scaling menu,
LPVTs are designed to be connected to devices with different measuring
input burden.
Figure 124 - LPVT settings
a. For both 2 MΩ (IEC 61869-11) and 10 MΩ (for example, Schneider

Electric) LPVT output burden
• Set the LPVT Rated primary Voltage (Vpri) in “LPVT rated primary
voltage”
• Set the nominal voltage (Vn) in “Extended primary voltage factor” by
adjusting the coefficient to the primary rating (for example, if Vn is
10kV and Vpri is 20 kV then select 0.5)
b. Only for 2 MΩ (IEC 61869-11) LPVT output burden
Figure 125 - Correction factors
P5/EN M/44B 129

• Measure the resistance of R2 for each LPVT (RJ45 output pin 7&8)
• Set for each phase “VLx magnitude correction” to:
◦ ((R2+10000)/(R2+2000))/5 with R2 in kΩ
◦ For example, if R2 = 32.51 kΩ then VLx correction = 0.987
Figure 126 - Resistive divider
130 P5/EN M/44B

LPVT configuration with VT adapter

Introduction
This section gives an overview of some reasons to use the EMS59572 adapter,
what it is, and how to configure it in eSetup Easergy Pro (at least V3.0.0).
following section.
Benefits of VT adapter
Traditionally, a protection relay is either designed to be connected to CTs and VTs
or LPCTs and LPVTs. When the switchgear is equipped with LPCTs and VTs, it is
easier to adapt the VT outputs to low level signals compatible with the relay LPVT
inputs.
EMS59572 adapter characteristics

The VT (phase to neutral) secondary rated voltages, ranging from 57.73 V to 69.3
V and/or 115.47 V to 132.79 V, need to be converted to signals close to the rated
1.88 V (3,25/√3 V) in LPVTs.
The EMS59572 adapter is made of resistive dividers to connect VTs to the
Easergy P5 LPVT inputs.
See the Voltage adapter (reference EMS59572), page 102 section for
supplementary information on this topic.
Figure 127 - EMS59572 adapter
The nominal ratio is 50.6 and the accurate ratios are written on its label for each
phase.
LPVT input characteristics

The Easergy P5 LPVT input measuring range is above 1.9 x 132.79 / 50.6 = 5 V.
It can be connected to either a LPVT or a VT by the EMS59572 adapter.
The selection to connect VT through the dedicated EMS59572 is done in eSetup
Easergy Pro (at least V3.0.0), at the Create configuration window, once the
Measurement card in slot A: has been set to the LPIT option, by selecting VT
+Adapter.
P5/EN M/44B 131

Figure 128 - Selection of the VT+Adapter option
EMS59572 VT adapter configuration

One simple rule is required to follow.
Go to GENERAL/Scaling menu in eSetup EasergyPro (at least V3.0.0), perform
the configuration of VT adapter.
Figure 129 - Settings of the VT adapter
1. Set the VT rated primary Voltage in LPVT or VT rated primary voltage

2. Set the VT rated secondary Voltage in VT secondary
3. Copy the values written on the EMS59572 for VL1, VL2 and VL3 in Vlx
adapter mag correction
132 P5/EN M/44B

Commissioning Protection Relay
Commissioning
Principles
DANGER
• Only qualified personnel should commission this equipment. Such work
should be performed only after reading this entire set of instructions.
• Obey all existing safety instructions when commissioning and maintaining
high-voltage equipment.
• Beware of potential hazardous voltages from open circuited current
transformers, any voltage transformers and any capacitors which could be
charged to hazardous voltages.
• Before energising check that the protection relay and other devices are
connected to a protective earth/ground in accordance with the instructions
provided.
DANGER
FIRE HAZARD
Apply proper tightening torque to all wire connections.
DANGER
• Never open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high voltage
produced may be lethal to personnel and could damage insulation.
• The secondary of the line CT must be shorted before opening any
connections to it.
DANGER
elecrtrical work practices. See NFPA 70E, CSA Z462 or national equivalent.
• Do not choose lower personal protective equipment (PPE) while working on
energised equipment.
Easergy P5 protection relays are tested prior to commissioning, with the dual aim
of maximizing availability and minimizing the risk of malfunctioning of the
assembly being commissioned.
Easergy P5 protection relays are fully numerical in their design, implementing all
protection and non-protection functions in the firmware. The protection relays use
a high degree of self-checking and give an alarm. Therefore, the commissioning
tests do not need to be as extensive as with non-numeric electronic or electro-
mechanical relays.
To commission Easergy P5 protection relays, it is necessary to verify that the
hardware is functioning correctly and the application function settings have been
P5/EN M/44B 133

Protection Relay Commissioning
applied as expected. To confirm that the protection relay is operating correctly

once the settings have been applied, it is necessary to perform basic functional
tests on each active protection element one by one.
The main tasks for the commissioning test are as follow:
• Easergy P5 protection relay check
• Secondary injection test
• Primary injection test
• Final check
WARNING
IMPROPER EQUIPMENT OPERATON
Do not energise the primary circuit before Easergy P5 protection relay is
properly configured.
equipment damage.
Testing tools and equipment

The following tools and equipment are needed in the commissioning:
• AC current and voltage injection sources
◦ For secondary injection test, on conventional CTs and VTs, to check the
protection relay functions, the injection source should be at such a rating
that the current is adjustable up to at least 5 A and the voltage is
adjustable up to at least 110 V.
◦ For secondary injection test, on LPCT and LPVT, to check the protection
relay functions, the injection source should be at such a rating that the
voltage is adjustable up to at least 10 V for LPVT and at least 30 V for
LPCT to be able to test with the maximum setting ranges.
◦ If the primary injection test is necessary to check the CT/LPCT, VT/LPVT
primary connection and polarity, the injection source should be at such a
rating that the minimum current at the CT secondary is larger than 20 mA
(2% of the nominal current) and the minimum voltage at the secondary is
larger than 750 mV (1% of the nominal voltage).
• DC voltage source
Adjustable from 48 to 250 V DC, for adaptation to the voltage level of the logic
input being tested.
• Multimeters
◦ With suitable AC current range, and AC/DC voltage ranges
◦ Phase angle meter
• A portable PC with eSetup Easergy Pro installed
• USB cable with mini-USB type B interface or RJ45 Ethernet cable
• For CT/VT, test block and test plug for secondary injection testing
◦ Plug with cord to match the "current" test block installed
◦ Plug with cord to match the "voltage" test block installed
• For LPCT/LPVT, test plug for secondary injection testing
◦ Cable with RJ45 terminal compliant with IEC 61869-10/11
◦ LPVT hub connector (to be used if the LPVT hub connector installed in the
cubicle is not accessible)
134 P5/EN M/44B

Check the digital outputs

Before any functional testing, it is needed to check the contact relays of the
Easergy P5 protection relays:
• Set the IED mode to Test mode
The Easergy P5 protection relay has its dedicated test modes (See Mode of
use for testing purposes, page 224).
• Force output relay contacts
With eSetup Easergy Pro, setting the output relay fields to 1 or 0 in the Relays
view of the Device/Test menu forces the output relay to On or Off.
There are menu cells which allow the status of the opto-isolated inputs, output
relay contacts, and internal digital signals to be monitored.
Easergy P5 protection relay check

Check with the Easergy P5 protection relay de-energised
The following group of tests should be carried out without the auxiliary power
supply applied to Easergy P5 protection relay and with the trip circuit isolated. The
current and voltage transformer connections must be isolated from the protection
relay for these checks. It is suggested to apply the test block to isolate the primary
system, as shown in Test block connection diagram, page 135.
DANGER
• Never open-circuit the secondary circuit of a current transformer because
the high voltage produced may be lethal. It could also damage the insulation.
• Before the test plug is inserted into the test block, make sure the sockets in
the test plug which correspond to the current transformer secondary
windings are linked.
Figure 130 - Test block connection diagram

A
B
C
- Vaux + Vaux
Test block Easergy P5
1 2
VA
3 4
VB
5 6
7 8 VC
9 10 Output
11 12
+ Vaux
13 14 - Vaux
15 16 Trip
- Trip 17 18
+ Trip 19 20
Input
21 22
IA
23 24
IB
25 26
IC
27 28
IN
Shorting bar
P533I0B
P5/EN M/44B 135

Before inserting the test plug, refer to the scheme diagram. For example, the test
block may be associated with protection current transformer circuits. If a Easergy
P5 protection relay is installed in the switchgear, the test block is not always
provided. In the application case without a test block, it is mandatory to isolate the
voltage transformer supply to the Easergy P5 protection relay using the panel links
or connecting blocks, and to short-circuit and disconnect the line current
transformers from the protection relay terminals. Where means of isolating the
auxiliary power supply and trip circuit (such as isolation links, fuses and MCB) are
provided, these should be used. If this is impossible, the wiring to these circuits
must be disconnected and the exposed ends suitably terminated.
Visual inspection
The visual inspection should include the following aspects:
• Check the rating information on the Easergy P5 protection relay.
• Check that the Easergy P5 protection relay being tested is correct for the
protected objective.
• Check that the circuit reference and system details are entered onto the
setting record sheet (not provided).
• Carefully examine the Easergy P5 protection relay to see that no physical
damage has occurred since installation.
• Check that the case earthing/grounding connections, at the rear of the
protection relay case, are used to connect the protection relay to a local earth/
ground bar using an adequate conductor (see Connecting earth/ground, page
81).
External wiring
• Check that the external wiring is correct to the relevant protection relay
diagram and wiring scheme. Check that the phase rotation appears as
expected.
• Check the connections against the wiring diagram if a test block is provided.
Auxiliary power supply

Easergy P5 protection relay can be operated from either a DC or AC auxiliary
power supply. The acceptable voltage variation is ±20%.
• For Easergy P5x20 protection relay, the rated voltage is 24 to 250 V DC/100
to 230 V AC. So, the incoming voltage must be within the operating range
specified as 19.2 to 300 V DC/80 to 276 V AC.
• For Easergy P5x30 protection relay, the rated voltage is 48 to 250 V DC/100
to 230 V AC. So, the incoming voltage must be within the operating range
specified as 38.4 to 300 V DC/80 to 276 V AC.
• Another option for Easergy P5x30 protection relay, the rated voltage is 24 to
48 V DC. So, the incoming voltage must be within the operating range
specified as 38.4 to 57.6 V DC.
Without energising the protection relay, measure the auxiliary power supply to
help ensure it is within the operating range.
DANGER
HAZARD OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, EXPLOSION, OR ARC FLASH
The power supply must be turned off for at least 5 s before power supply
module is removed. Otherwise there is the danger of an electric shock.
136 P5/EN M/44B

NOTICE
POWER SUPPLY DAMAGE
Before connecting the auxiliary voltage to the Easergy P5 protection relay,
make sure the nominal value of the auxiliary device voltage corresponds with
the nominal value of the auxiliary system voltage.
Watchdog
Using a continuity tester, check that the watchdog contacts (DO4 of slot B) are in
the states shown in the Watchdog contact status table for a de-energised
protection relay.
Testing with the Easergy P5 protection relay energised

The following group of tests verify that the Easergy P5 protection relay hardware
and software is functioning correctly and should be carried out with the auxiliary
power supply applied to the protection relay.
DANGER
• The current and voltage transformer connections must remain isolated from
the protection relay for these checks.
• The trip circuit must remain isolated to help prevent accidental operation of
the associated circuit breaker.
Energising the protection relay

The Easergy P5 protection relay initialises in the following procedure after being
energised:
• Switch on the auxiliary power supply.
• Check that Easergy P5 protection relay performs the following initialisation
sequence:
1. LED is illuminated green and LED is illuminated red. The screen
will display the self-test progress.
2. The screen will display the progress of "Firmware Loading" and LED
is illuminated yellow.
3. When the initialisation of Easergy P5 protection relay is complete, LED
is off.
The default screen (Single Line Diagram of one bay) is displayed.
NOTE: If a backup memory (extension board) is present in the Easergy P5
protection relay, the device checks the consistency of the settings and
configuration stored in the protection relay and in the backup memory. If there
is any gap, the protection relay will invite the operator to select the options for
handling the backup memory content.
Only when this operation is successfully completed will the LED turn off
and the default screen (Single Line Diagram of one bay) is displayed.
P5/EN M/44B 137

Watchdog
Using a continuity tester, check that the watchdog contacts (DO4 of slot B) are in
the states shown in the Watchdog contact status diagram for an energised
protection relay.
Date and time

The data and time should be set.
With Easergy IRIG-B module
If the IRIG-B module is connected and time clock signal is received by the
Easergy P5 protection relay, the synchronisation source field in the Clock synchro
view of the General menu will show "IRIG-B" and the protection relay will adjust
the Date and Time automatically. If the IRIG-B signal is lost, the protection relay
will change the time synchronisation source from "IRIG-B" to "internal" after 400
seconds.
Without Easergy IRIG-B module or SNTP
If the time and date is not being maintained by an IRIG-B signal, set the date and
time to the correct date and local time using the Date setting field and the Time of
day setting field in the System clock view of the General settings menu.
LED and screen

On the local panel of Easergy P5 protection relay, press the and then the
key to test the local panel HMI, the protection relay automatically tests all the
LEDs and the screen. The triple color LEDs are lit from green, yellow to red. The
LCD is tested under different colors and contrast values.
Digital inputs
This test checks that all the Easergy P5 protection relay’s digital inputs (opto-
isolated) are functioning correctly. Check the terminal configuration schemes in
Easergy P5 rear panel, page 54 for terminal numbers. Check the polarity and
connect the external 48 V DC supply voltage to the appropriate terminals for the
input being tested. Energise the opto-isolated input one by one.
NOTE: The external power supply is used for this test, but only after
confirming that it is suitably rated, with the variation less than 20%.
The status of each opto-isolated input can be viewed in the Digital inputs view of
the Control menu; a "1" indicating an energised input and a "0" indicating a de-
energised input. When each opto-isolated input is energised, the related DI status
changes to indicate the new state of the inputs.
Digital outputs
This test checks that all the output contact relays are functioning correctly using
the Test mode.
Connect a continuity tester across the terminals corresponding to output relay as
shown in the relevant terminal configuration schemes in Easergy P5 rear panel,
page 54. To operate the output relay DO1 in Slot B, via Home menu / Control
sub-menu / digital outputs menu item / digital output Slot X view, set the field
DO1(B) to 1. Operation is confirmed by the continuity tester operating for a
normally open contact and ceasing to operate for a normally closed contact.
Measure the resistance of the contacts in the closed state. Reset the output relay
by setting the DO1(B) field to 0. Repeat the test for the rest of the output relays
then return the Easergy P5 protection relay to service by setting the IED mode
back to "Normal".
138 P5/EN M/44B

NOTE: Ensure that the thermal ratings of anything connected to the output
relays during the contact test procedure are not exceeded by the over-
operated output contact relays. Keep the time between application and
removal of contact test to a minimum.
P5/EN M/44B 139

Communication ports
The Easergy P5 protection relay supports both serial communication ports and
Ethernet communication ports.
There are five protocols that can be selected and used to communicate through
the serial ports.
• DNP3
• IEC 60870-5-101
• IEC 60870-5-103
• Modbus slave
• Modbus master
If one of these protocols is configured, the Easergy P5 protection relay can
exchange data with protocol master. The serial port parameters, e.g. baud rate,
parity, wire number, can be selected and will take effect after reboot.
There are four protocols that can be selected and used to communicate through
the Ethernet ports.
• IEC 61850
• DNP3
• Modbus
• EtherNet/IP
Three Ethernet protocols can be selected at the same time, and for each protocol
IP address needs to be selected to communicate with clients.
Virtual injections
Enable virtual injection
The Easergy P5 protection relay has the capability to test all the functionalities
according to the relevant access rights by:
• Simulation of voltage and current signals
• Injection of a Comtrade file
The virtual injection is done using eSetup Easergy Pro connected to the local
panel.
NOTE: To use the virtual injections the first time, eSetup Easergy Pro
proposes to install WinPcap library delivered with the software. This
installation is mandatory to simulate injections.
To enable virtual injection in eSetup Easergy Pro:
1. Click on the green button with a left arrow on right-hand side to expand the
injector view that is by default hidden in eSetup Easergy Pro.
2. Check the Enable virtual injections option.
3. Select Test mode or Test Block mode for the virtual injection test.
Virtual injections are available only in Test mode or Test Block mode (see
Mode of use for testing purposes, page 224 for more information).
4. Set Auto read to On in the menu bar of eSetup Easergy Pro in order to read
the measurements.
Manual injection
In the Manual tab of the Virtual injection setting view, set the following
parameters:
140 P5/EN M/44B

• Cycles:
Set the value to the number of signal period to apply for the signal simulation.
• Frequency:
Set the frequency of the signal to inject.
• Scalings:
Set the maximum values and angles.
• Measurements:
Set the injection values for the testing.
The injection time can be set in cycles or in real time. For example, for 50 Hz
nominal frequency, one cycle is 20 ms, so 100 cycles equal to 2 s of injection time.
All the signals are simulated with their fundamental value (no harmonics) and
instantaneously displayed in the Graph section of the view.
Comtrade file play-back

In the File tab of the Virtual injection view, it is possible to replay the analogue
signals recorded in a Comtrade file (ASCII format, IEC 60255–24, IEEE Std
C37.111, edition 1999 and 2013):
1. Select the Comtrade file using the Open button in the bottom right corner of
the setting view.
2. Select the mode of injection:
• Single injection: play the comtrade file once.
• Loop mode: repeated the injection until a manual stop.
• Followed by zero: single injection of the comtrade file followed by 0.
3. Select the assigned injection for each analogue channel.
Injection
Press on the Start button in the upper section of the view for the injection.
Any protection function that is enabled and of which the threshold setting is below
the injection will activate, with the magnitudes displayed in the MEASUREMENTS
section of the view.
The Easergy P5 protection relay will trip and activate digital outputs physically in
the Test mode and will stay frozen in the Test-block mode.
NOTE: Do not try to manually change the mode while using the injector.
Secondary injection test

The secondary injection test is to check the protection relay analogue input
modules and check the basic protection functions with the application-specific
settings.
The connection diagram for the secondary injection test with test block and test
plug mounted is illustrated in the Secondary injection test connection diagram with
test block, page 142.
P5/EN M/44B 141

Figure 131 - Secondary injection test connection diagram with test block
A
B
C
Easergy P5
Connector A Test block + Test plug
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
Test block + Test plug

A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14 V
A15
V
A16
V
A A A A
IA IB IC N IN N VA VB VC N
3-phase A V
generator
P533I1B
In the application case without test block, it is mandatory to remove the voltage
transformer cable. The trip circuit shall be disconnected to avoid the spurious
circuit breaker trip during the secondary injection test. The secondary injection test
can be performed by injecting the current and voltage into the related analogue
connection terminals on the rear panel of the Easergy P5 protection relay via the
test block.
Apply application-specific settings

There are different methods of applying the settings:
• Local panel
If the application is simple without specific logic and only limited specific
settings are applied, the setting configuration can be easily performed via the
Easergy P5 protection relay’s local panel by entering the settings manually.
• eSetup Easergy Pro
If specific logic (not the default logic) is applied, or many specific settings are
applied, setting configuration via eSetup Easergy Pro is the recommended
method for configuring as it is much faster and there is less margin for error.
NOTE: If the application-specific settings are not available, the secondary
injection test can be performed based on the default settings.
After the setting configuration, it is suggested to disable all the protection functions
applied before the current and voltage injection, to help ensure that spurious CB
trips will not happen. During the protection function test, only the protection
function under test can be enabled. After the completion of the injection tests, all
the protection functions applied must be enabled during the final check stage.
Current inputs
This test verifies that the accuracy of current measurement is within acceptable
tolerances.
142 P5/EN M/44B

• Double check the connection and then start the injection test.
• Apply current equal to the related CT secondary rated current.
• Check its magnitude using a multimeter or reading from the test equipment.
• Check the current magnitude displayed on the local panel of the Easergy P5
protection relay.
• Calculate the current measurement accuracy, it shall be within ±1%.
Typical voltage measurement modes in Easergy P5

According to the ordered analogue module in slot A of a Easergy P5 protection
relay, the application of voltage measurement modes can be various.
Following table indicates the selection of the voltage measurement modes based
on the voltage inputs type of Easergy P5 protection relays.
Voltage inputs type Voltage measurement mode
3VP 3VP + VN 3VP/VPPy 3VP/VPy 2VPP + 2VPP + VN + VPP/

VN VPPy VPPy
P5F30 VT ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
LPVT ■ ■
LPVT + VT Adapter ■ ■ ■ ■
P5M30 VT ■ ■ ■
LPVT ■
LPVT + VT Adapter ■ ■
P5V20 VT ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■
P5U20 LPVT ■ ■
LPVT + VT Adapter ■ ■ ■ ■
Voltage inputs
This test verifies that the accuracy of voltage measurement is within the
acceptable tolerances.
Seven modes of connection are available on the Easergy P5 protection relay:
Mode U1 U2 U3 U4
3VP VA VB VC -
3VP + VN VA VB VC VN
3VP/VPPy VA VB VC VABy
3VP/VPy VA VB VC VAy
2VPP + VN VAB VBC - VN

2VPP + VN + VAB VBC VABy VN
VPPy
VPP/VPPy VAB - VABy -
The following tests will be realised with the VT Connecting Mode set to 3 VT which
is the most used configuration.
• Double check the connection and then start the injection test.
• Apply voltage equal to the related VT secondary rated voltage.
P5/EN M/44B 143

• Check the voltage magnitude on the local panel of the Easergy P5 protection
relay.
• Calculate the voltage measurement accuracy, it shall be within ±1%.
LPCT and LPVT inputs

These tests verify that the accuracy of the LPCT/LPVT measurements are within
acceptable tolerances.
Connection diagram for testing the LPCT and LPVT measurement accuracy, page
144 shows the connection diagram that includes the Easergy P5 protection relay
and a low frequency generator as described in Testing tools and equipment, page
134.
NOTE: To avoid any slow fluctuation of current measurements during testing,
it is recommended to disconnect the signal generator earth/ground link or use
an isolator transformer.
Figure 132 - Connection diagram for testing the LPCT and LPVT
measurement accuracy
A
B
C
Easergy P5
S1 A1 1
CSH
A2 2
A3 3
A4 4
IA RJ45 1
2
IB RJ45 1
LPCTs
2
IC RJ45 1
2
A
4
5 VA, VB, VC RJ45
4
LPVTs
5 B
4 RJ45
5
P533I2E
A Voltage Generator B LPVT Hub
LPCT measurement
This test verifies that the accuracy of LPCT measurement is within acceptable
tolerances.
• Disconnect the secondary of LPCTs from the Easergy P5 protection relay.
• Use a generator with low voltage output (30 V max) and connect it directly to
the Easergy P5 protection relay as described inTesting tools and equipment,
page 134.
• Apply current equal to the related LPCT secondary rated current.
• Check the current magnitude displayed on the local panel of the Easergy P5
protection relay.
• Calculate the LPCT measurement accuracy, it shall be within ±1%.
NOTE: To be sure everything is well reconnected after test, it is recommended
to perform a primary injection, at low level.
144 P5/EN M/44B

LPVT measurement
This test verifies that the accuracy of LPVT measurement is within acceptable
tolerances.
• Disconnect the secondary of LPVTs from the LPVT hub.
If the LPVT hub is not accessible inside the cubicle, disconnect the secondary
of the LPVT hub from the Easergy P5 protection relay, and connect another
one to replace it during the tests.
• Use a generator with low voltage output (10 V max) and connect it directly to
the LPVT hub as described in Testing tools and equipment, page 134.
• Apply voltage equal to the related LPVT secondary rated voltage.
• Check the voltage magnitude on the local panel of the Easergy P5 protection
relay.
• Calculate the LPVT measurement accuracy, it shall be within ±1%.
NOTE: To be sure everything is well reconnected after test, it is recommended
to perform a primary injection, at low level.
Check the protection functions

The tests described in Easergy P5 protection relay check, page 135, Current
inputs, page 142, LPCT and LPVT inputs, page 144, and Voltage inputs, page 143
have already demonstrated that the protection relay inputs and outputs work
correctly and the analogue inputs are within calibration, thus the purpose of the
tests for protection functions is as follows:
• To determine that each active protection function of the protection relay can
trip according to the correct application settings.
• To verify correct assignment of the trip and alarm contacts by monitoring the
response to the related fault injection.
The following sections only present the test procedures for current protection and
voltage protection. The basic test procedures are similar for the other protection
functions.
Current protection
This test, performed on stage 1 of the overcurrent protection function in setting
group 1, is to check that the protection relay is operating correctly at the
application-specific settings.
1. Determine which output relay has been selected to operate when an I> trip
occurs.
2. Connect the output relay so that its operation will trip the test set and stop the
timer of the injection box.
3. Connect the current outputs of test set (current injection source) to the
protection relay current input terminals.
4. Apply a current of 120% of the current setting to the protection relay and the
relay shall trip according to the operation time setting.
5. Check the tripping time from the test set and compare with the operation time
setting.
6. Check the related fault recorder, events, and the related LEDs for trip
indications.
A similar test procedure can be applied for the secondary injection test to check
the other protection functions with the application-specific settings.
P5/EN M/44B 145

Voltage protection
This test, performed on stage 1 of the undervoltage protection function in setting
group 1, is to check that the protection relay is operating correctly at the
application-specific settings.
1. Determine which output relay has been selected to operate when a U< trip
occurs.
2. Connect the output relay so that its operation will trip the test set and stop the
timer.
3. Connect the voltage outputs of the test set (voltage injection source) to the
protection relay voltage input terminals.
4. Apply normal voltage first and then a voltage of 80% of the voltage setting to
the protection relay. The relay shall trip according to the operation time
setting.
5. Check the tripping time from the test set and compare with the operation time
setting.
6. Check the related fault recorder, events, and the related LEDs for trip
indications.
A similar test procedure can be applied for the secondary injection test to check
the other protection functions with the application-specific settings.
Primary injection test
DANGER
The primary injection test shall be performed by the qualified electrical
engineers and strictly follow the related primary injection testing instructions
from the utility.
Primary injection testing is recommended to:

• Confirm the external wiring to the current and voltage inputs is correct
• Check the polarity of the current transformers at each end is consistent
• Check the directionality of the directional elements
For the application where the directional overcurrent or earth/ground fault
protection, distant protection or current differential protection is installed, it is
mandatory to check the correct polarity of the current transformers. If the current
or voltage positive or negative sequence components are applied in the protection
functions, it is mandatory to help ensure the correct phase sequence of current or
voltage inputs.
DANGER
If any of the external wiring was disconnected from the protection relay to run
any tests, make sure that all connections are restored according to the external
connection or scheme diagram.
For primary injection testing on conventional CT’s, it is necessary to calculate the

current and voltage magnitudes to be injected in the primary side according to the
actual application scenario, check that the current magnitude is more than 20 mA
and the voltage magnitude is more than 100 mV on the secondary side. Normally
146 P5/EN M/44B

the auxiliary 380 V power supply in the substation or power plant can be applied
for primary injection tests.
Voltage connections
NOTICE
CIRCUIT OVERLOAD
• Using a multi-meter, measure the voltage transformer secondary voltages to
help ensure they are compliant with the Easergy P5 protection relay’s input
ratings.
• Check that the system phase rotation is correct using a phase rotation meter.
Primary Voltage Injection:

• Inject the voltage into the voltage transformer primary connection terminals.
• Check that the voltage magnitudes and angles are displayed on the
protection relay’s HMI in primary values.
• The voltage magnitudes should be equal to the applied voltage.
• The voltage angles should be correct according to the phase sequence.
Thus, the VT ratio, polarity, phase sequence and the external wiring from the
primary system to the protection relay can be verified by the primary voltage
injection.
Current connections
NOTICE
CIRCUIT OVERLOAD
Measure the current transformer secondary values for each input using a
multimeter connected in series with corresponding protection relay current
input.
Primary Current Injection:

• Inject current into the primary system through the phase under test.
• Check that the current magnitudes and angles are displayed on the protection
relay’s HMI in primary values.
• The current magnitudes should be equal to the applied current.
• The current angles should be correct according to the phase sequence.
• Check that the current transformer polarities are correct against a phase
meter already installed on site and known to be correct by measuring the
phase angle between the current and voltage, or by contacting the system
control center for the direction of power flow.
When using a neutral current transformer (core balance) or a sensitive current
transformer, inject a single phase to validate the functionality.
Therefore, the CT ratio, polarity, phase sequence and the external wiring from the
primary system to the protection relay can be verified by primary current injection.
P5/EN M/44B 147

LPCT connections
NOTICE
MEASUREMENT LOSS
Make sure that LPCTs are connected to all 3 phases with low power sensors or
with RJ45 plug.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in no current measured.
Primary Current Injection:

• Inject current into the primary system through the phase under test.
• Check that the current magnitudes and angles are displayed on the protection
relay’s HMI in primary values.
• The current magnitudes should be equal to the applied current.
• The current angles should be correct according to the phase sequence.
• Check that the current transformer polarities are correct against a phase
meter already installed on site and known to be correct by measuring the
phase angle between the current and voltage, or by contacting the system
control center for the direction of power flow.
Therefore, the CT ratio, polarity, phase sequence and the external wiring from the
primary system to the protection relay can be verified by primary current injection.
Demonstrate circuit breaker operation

The correct operation of the circuit breaker shall be verified sufficiently during the
commissioning test. CB operation can be controlled by the local or remote-control
commands.
CB Operation Test:
• Check the actual CB position and read the CB position status from the
protection relay HMI if the related CB position (52a, 52b) has been connected
to the protection relay opto-isolated inputs.
• Perform a local CB control command to trip and close the CB, the CB shall
operate correctly per the control command.
• Read the CB position status from protection relay HMI after one control
command, the CB position information shall be the same as the actual CB
status.
148 P5/EN M/44B

Arc-flash detection system setup and testing

Setting up the arc-flash system
DANGER
CSAZ462.
• Always use a properly rated voltage sensing relay to help ensure that all
power is off.
device.
Before setting up the arc flash system:

• Mount and connect all components and sensors.
• Make sure that you understand the customer application.
• Identify the wiring connection of sensors to the device’s connectors.
• Identify the wiring connection to breaking devices.
• Power up the device.
• Verify LED indication as described with consideration of the customer
application.
Commissioning and testing

This section contains the commissioning testing instructions. The figure below
shows the testing sequence.
P5/EN M/44B 149

Figure 133 - Testing sequence
Arc system commissioning
Verifying the installation against

drawings and customer specifications
Checking zones
Testing arc-flash sensors
Testing alarm contacts
Cross-checking between zones
Testing the circuit breaker failure

protection
Trip circuits Filling in test results
Restoring the current measuring and

trip circuits
Gathering of test equipment
Finalizing the test report
End
P533I3A
Checking zones
• Check the protected zones where sensors have been installed and compare
them against the drawings.
• Consult the customer if the configuration does not match with the drawings.
Disconnecting trip circuits
DANGER
Removing trip wires may cause loss of protection. Review system drawings and
diagrams before disconnecting trip circuits.
• Disconnect the trip signals to the circuit breakers that may disturb other parts
of the system during the test.
• Also disconnect trip signals routed to other parts of the system, such as the
breaker failure (ANSI 50BF) backup trip to upstream breakers and the
transfer trip signals.
• Test the disconnected trip signals with a multimeter.
150 P5/EN M/44B

Test the arc-flash sensors
DANGER
CSAZ462.
power is off.
device.
Testing the arc flash sensors with the light-only criteria operates the trip outputs of
the device.
Testing the arc flash sensors with the light and current criteria, without an injected
current, only generates an indication on Easergy P5 that protects the zone.
NOTE:
Testing the arc-flash sensors using a light source can trip the neighboring
zones.
Because of their placement, some sensors cannot be tested without
dismantling parts of the system. After completing the testing, reassemble the
parts and validate the compliance with original mounting. Consult the
equipment manufacturer before dismantling any parts.
Testing the standard or pipe type sensors

Test the sensors with the Easergy P5 protection relay. Reset the Easergy P5
protection relay before the test.
P5/EN M/44B 151

NOTE:
Because of their placement, some sensors cannot be tested without
dismantling parts of the system. After completing the testing, reassemble the
parts and validate the compliance with original mounting. Consult the
equipment manufacturer before dismantling any parts.
Figure 134 - Testing point sensors
P533I4A
1. Point a powerful light source such as a flashlight or camera flash unit to each
arc-flash sensors until the sensor is activated.
2. Check the arc-flash sensor indication from the Easergy P5 protection relay.
3. Check the address of the activated arc-flash sensor from the Easergy P5
protection relay.
4. Compare the arc-flash sensor address information from the protection relay
with that on the sensor location map.
5. Fill in the test result in the test report.
6. Reset the protection relay.
7. Repeat the procedure with the next arc-flash sensor.
Testing the supervision of arc-flash sensors

Test the sensors with Easergy P5 protection relay.
1. Disconnect one wire from the standard arc-flash sensor (or one end of the
pipe type arc-flash sensor) to see that the sensor status supervision
recognises the fault in the arc-flash sensor.
2. Wait until the fault indication appears.
3. Check that the internal fault relay operates and that the event information is
communicated to any external systems.
4. Fill in the test result in the test report.
5. Reconnect the arc-flash sensor and reset the system.
6. Repeat the procedure with the other arc-flash sensors.
Connecting a current injection device with/without time measurement
CAUTION
CIRCUIT OVERLOAD
Do not open a loaded current measuring circuit before the secondary circuit of
the current transformer is reliably short-circuited.
damage.
1. Short circuit the secondary circuit of the current transformer and disconnect
the Easergy P5 protection relay from the measuring circuit.
2. Connect a current injection device, one phase at a time, to the Easergy P5
protection relay of the current measuring circuit.
152 P5/EN M/44B

3. For a current injection device with time measurement, connect the injection
device either to inject the current continuously or when triggered by the time
measuring circuit:
a. Use the digital input of the current injection device for the stop trigger in
the time measurement circuit.
b. Connect the trip output of the tested unit to the digital input of the current
injection device for the stop trigger. For measuring the total operating
time, use the circuit breaker’s NO contact, which indicates that status of
circuit breaker is open, for the stop trigger.
c. Connect the time measuring start signal output to the flashlight.
Configure the time measuring start signal to either trigger only the
flashlight or both the flashlight and the current injection.
Preferably, the current injection should be triggered before the flashlight.
d. Measure the operate time between the start trigger and stop trigger.
Testing the alarm contacts

Alarm signals generated by the arc-flash protection system (trip and self-
supervision alarms) can be forwarded to higher-level switchgear supervision and
control systems through the output contacts.
1. Activate an alarm by generating an arc fault trip or sensor status supervision
alarm.
2. Check the alarm contact operation from the higher-lever system. The alarm
signals can also be sent via communication.
4. Repeat the procedure with the next alarm contact.
Testing the pick-up setting of the arc-flash protection function

1. Check the pick-up setting of the current criteria by injecting a current to the
2. Increase the current until the overcurrent criterion picks up.
4. Compare the current settings with the results.
Testing the arc-flash protection function without the time measurement

1. Inject a current, two times greater than the pick-up current level, to the
Easergy P5 protection relay. Inject a current in each phase, one phase at a
time.
Verify that the technical characteristics of the channels are not exceeded.
2. While injecting the current, apply light with a flashlight to at least one of the
arc-flash sensors, one at a time.
3. Check that the arc-flash protection function activates.
4. Generate at least one trip with current for the Easergy P5 protection relay.
Testing the arc-flash protection function with the time measurement

1. Inject a current, two times greater than the pick-up current level, to the
Easergy P5 protection relay. Inject current to all three phases.
The current can be injected in two ways:
• Continuous injection
• Injection triggered by the time measurement start signal.
Verify that the technical characteristics of the channels are not exceeded
P5/EN M/44B 153

2. Position a flashlight to each of the light sensors in sequence. Start the time
measurement to trigger the flash.
3. Check that the arc-flash protection function operates.
4. Check the operation time from the time measuring device.
5. Generate at least one trip with current.
6. Reset the protection relay and repeat for other light sensors.
Testing the circuit-breaker failure protection

1. Inject a current above the overcurrent setting value to the Easergy P5
protection relay.
2. Point light to one of the light sensors in the protected zone with flash light.
The light pulse has to be longer than the CBFP time setting. Thus, the light
pulse from a camera flash is too short.
3. Check that the circuit breaker failure protection function operates.
NOTE:
Use a torch to test the CBFP because the light pulse from a flashlight is too
short.
Ensure that the light pulse is not too long. If the light pulse is longer than 3
seconds, the daylight blocking function generates an alarm.
Testing the selectivity of the arc-flash protection

1. Test the selectivity of the protection zones, one at a time, by pointing light to
an arc-flash sensor in a protection zone.
2. Compare the operation against the protection plans.
3. Inject current and at the same time point light to one arc-flash sensor in the
tested zone.
4. Compare the operation against the protection plans.
5. Repeat the procedure for the other zones.
154 P5/EN M/44B

Test report
• Check the protected zones where sensors have been installed and compare
them against the drawings.
• Consult the customer if the configuration does not match with the drawings.
Filling in the test report

Fill in all the required information about the system, the tested arc flash units and
the test results.
Test report example

Figure 135 - Test report example
Easergy P5x3x Arc stage commissioning and testing report

Customer Customer name Substation
Information
Customer address Bay
Unit Device name: Device location:

Serial number: Order code:
FW version: IP Address:
NetMask: Gateway:
MAC address: NTP Server:
Scaling CT primary current input: A Pick-up setting: xln
CT secondary current input: A Pick-up value: A
CT residual current primary input: A Pick-up setting: xln
CT residual current secondary input: A Pick-up value: A
Arc sensors Sensor Arc sensor status Tested Remarks
1 OK NA
2 OK NA
3 OK NA
4 OK NA
5 OK NA
6 OK NA
Arc stages Stage number Activation criteria Tested Remarks

1 Light I>int IN>int
CBFP Stage number Delay setting / ms Tested Remarks

1
Trip relays Trip relay Tested CBFP Remarks
D01(B) OK NA
D02(B) OK NA
D03(B) OK NA
D01(D) OK NA
D02(D) OK NA
D01(E) OK NA
D02(E) OK NA
Led indications Led name Tested Led name Tested
A Yes NA F Yes NA
B Yes NA G Yes NA
C Yes NA H Yes NA
D Yes NA I Yes NA
E Yes NA J Yes NA
Testing device Device Calibration date

Signatures Commissioner(s)
Supervisor
Date
P533I5A
P5/EN M/44B 155

Final check
NOTICE
CIRCUIT OVERLOAD
• Remove all test or temporary shorting leads.
• If it has been necessary to disconnect any of the external wiring from the
protection relay to perform the wiring verification tests, make sure that all
connections are replaced according to the relevant external connection or
scheme diagram.
The commissioning is now complete, but before putting the protection relay into
normal operation, check the following items:
• Ensure that the protection relay is restored to service.
• CB maintenance and current counters should be zero. These counters can be
reset.
• Double check the application-specific settings, to help ensure that all the
desired protection and control functions are enabled with the correct settings.
Extract the final setting file from the protection relay.
• Check the Date and Time of the protection relay, to help ensure the date and
time are exactly synchronised.
• Reset all event records, fault records, and disturbance records. Make sure
that alarms and LEDs have been reset before leaving the protection relay.
The device is now ready for operation.
156 P5/EN M/44B

Cybersecurity Protection Relay
Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity overview
This chapter contains up-to-date information about cybersecurity of Easergy P5.
Network administrators, system integrators and personnel that commission,
maintain or dispose of a device should:
• Apply and maintain the device’s security capabilities. See Device security
capabilities, page 160 for details.
• Review assumptions about protected environments. See Protected
environment assumptions, page 161 for details.
• Address potential risks and mitigation strategies. See Potential risks and
compensating controls, page 162 for details.
• Follow recommendations to optimise cybersecurity.
To communicate a security topic affecting a Schneider Electric product or solution,
go to https://www.se.com/ww/en/work/support/cybersecurity/vulnerability-policy.
jsp.
The Easergy P5 device is delivered with auto-login feature. It will be disabled
when the passwords for all three levels are changed from the default ones.
WARNING
POTENTIAL COMPROMISE OF SYSTEM AVAILABILITY, INTEGRITY, AND
CONFIDENTIALITY
• Change default passwords to help prevent unauthorised access to device
settings and information.
• Disable unused ports/services and default accounts, where possible, to
minimise pathways for malicious attacks.
• Place networked devices behind multiple layers of cyber defenses (such as
firewalls, network segmentation, and network intrusion detection and
protection).
• Use cybersecurity best practices (for example: least rights, separation of
duties) to help prevent unauthorised exposure, loss, modification of data and
logs, interruption of services, or unintended operation.
equipment damage.
P5/EN M/44B 157

Protection Relay Cybersecurity
Security policy
NOTICE
ACCESSIBILITY LOSS
• Setup a security policy and procedure to back up the security administrator
user account.
• Do not share a single user account with multiple users. Set one user account
associated to roles and rights per user.
• Do not excessively decrease "user parameters" values.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in loss of access to the
protection relay.
Cybersecurity helps provide:

• Confidentiality (to help prevent unauthorised access)
• Integrity (to help prevent unauthorised modification)
• Availability/authentication (preventing the denial of service and assuring
authorised access)
• Non-repudiation (preventing the denial of an action that took place)
• Traceability/detection (logging and monitoring)
For an efficient security, the instructions and procedures should structure the roles
and responsibilities in terms of security within the organisation; in other words,
who is authorised to perform what and when. These should be known by the
users.
The anti-intrusion and anti-physical access to any sensitive installation should be
set up.
All the security rules implemented in the Easergy P5 protection relays are in
complement of the points above.
In the Easergy P5 protection relays, the control of accessibility to the settings,
parameters, configuration and logs is done with a user authentication after "Log
in", with a name and password.
The Easergy P5 protection relay controls the access:
• through the local panel
• through eSetup Easergy Pro (front and rear connection)
• through the web HMI server
• through the EcoStruxure Power Device application
The Ethernet communication with the EcoStruxure Power Device application and
eSetup Easergy Pro are encrypted.
The access through the communication protocols is not controlled by the Easergy
P5 protection relay but by the SCADA system. The protocols does not include any
specific secured commands.
158 P5/EN M/44B

NOTICE
CYBER SECURITY
• Except for private GetSet protocol via secured communication (SSH), the
device does not have the capability to transmit data encrypted using the
following protocols: IEC 61850, DNP3 over Ethernet, Modbus slave over
Ethernet, EtherNet/IP, IEC 60870-5-103 serial, IEC 60870-5-101 serial,
DNP3 serial, Modbus slave serial, Modbus master serial, IEEE 1588 and
SNTP.
• If other users gained access to your network, transmitted information can be
disclosed or subject to tampering.
• For transmitting data over an internal network, physically or logically
segment the network. The access to the internal network needs to be
restricted by using standard controls, such as firewalls, and other relevant
features supported by your device, such as IP Table whitelisting.
• For transmitting data over an external network, encrypt protocol
transmissions over all external connections using an encrypted tunnel, TLS
wrapper or a similar solution.
Failure to follow these instructions can increase the risk of unauthorised
access.
The access through the digital inputs is not controlled.

Any SCADA system, and any computer using eSetup Easergy Pro, CAE software
and a central server, should have an updated anti-virus, anti-malware, anti-
ransomware application activated during the use.
If a central server is used, a backup is recommended.
Even if Easergy P5 protection relay has an extension module with backup
memory, it is recommended to archive any setting and files in a secured area.
A password policy should be implemented with:
• Change of the default passwords before the Easergy P5 protection relay is
put into operation (see Password complexity, page 184).
• Periodic change of the passwords
• Revocation of the passwords of users who leave or do not need to use the
device any more
P5/EN M/44B 159

Product defense-in-depth
Use a layered network approach with multiple security and defense controls in
your IT and control system to minimise data protection gaps, reduce single-point
of failure and create a strong cybersecurity posture. The more layers of security in
your network, the harder it is to breach defenses, take digital assets or cause
disruption.
Device security capabilities

This section describes the security capabilities available with your device.
Information confidentiality
These security capabilities help protect the confidentiality of information through
secure protocols that employ cryptographic algorithms, key sizes and
mechanisms used to help prevent unauthorised users from reading information in
transit, i.e. SSH, SFTP and HTTPS.
Physical security
In order to help prevent unauthorised access, lock the shutter on the local panel of
the Easergy P5 protection relay with a wired lead seal. See Lock the shutter and
handle, page 46 for details.
Cybersecurity configuration
These security capabilities support the analysis of security events, help protect the
device from unauthorised alteration and records configuration changes and user
account events:
• Internal time synchronisation.
• Time source integrity protection and the Easergy P5 protection relay
configuration event logging.
• Timestamps, including date and time, match the Easergy P5 protection relay
clock.
• SSH server hosts an internal SFTP site and stores files in the Easergy P5
protection relay’s flash memory, such as: COMTRADE records and firmware
files.
• Embeds user information with changes.
• Offload information to syslog or a protected storage or retention location.
User accounts and rights

These security capabilities help enforce authorisations assigned to users,
segregation of duties and least rights:
• User authentication is used to identify and authenticate software processes
and devices managing accounts.
• User account lockouts configurable with number of unsuccessful login
attempts.
• Password strength feedback using CAE.
160 P5/EN M/44B

Port hardening
The communication port of Easergy P5 protection relay can be disabled. Each
logical port can be independently disabled. Port hardening configuration can be
set from the local panel of Easergy P5 protection relay, from eSetup Easergy Pro,
or from the web HMI, with the ENGINEER access right.
Firmware upgrades
This security capability helps protect the authenticity of the firmware running on
the Easergy P5 protection relay and facilitates protected file transfer: digitally
signed firmware is used to help protect the authenticity of the firmware running on
the Easergy P5 protection relay and only allows firmware generated and signed by
Schneider Electric.
Device backup creation and restore

This security capability helps P5 participate in system level backup operations by
creating backups of the device state. In case of need, P5 can recover with help of
those backups to a known good operational state. The protection, control and
communication settings can be saved with eSetup Easergy Pro; the security
configuration can be saved with CAE.
For how to create such backups and to use them to restore P5 please refer to the
corresponding sections in eSetup Easergy Pro and CAE user manuals.
Security event logging

These security capabilities help provide a method to generate security-related
reports and manage event log storage:
• Machine and human-readable reporting options for current device security
settings.
• Audit event logs to identify:
◦ The Easergy P5 protection relay configuration changes.
◦ Energy management system events.
• Easergy P5 keeps the security logs with cyclic non-volatile memory, when the
limit of the memory size is reached the oldest entries will be replaced by new
ones.
• Time source integrity protection and event logged when changed.
Protected environment assumptions

• Cybersecurity governance – available and up-to-date guidance on governing
the use of information and technology assets in your company.
• Perimeter security – installed devices, and devices that are not in service, are
in an access-controlled or monitored location.
• Emergency power – the control system provides the capability to switch to
and from an emergency power supply without affecting the existing security
state or a documented degraded mode.
• Firmware upgrades – the Easergy P5 protection relay upgrades are
implemented consistently to the current version of firmware.
• Controls against malware – detection, prevention and recovery controls to
help protect against malware are implemented and combined with
appropriate user awareness.
P5/EN M/44B 161

• Physical network segmentation – the control system provides the capability

to:
◦ Physically segment control system networks from non-control system
networks.
◦ Physically segment critical control system networks from non-critical
control system networks.
• Logical isolation of critical networks – the control system provides the
capability to logically and physically isolate critical control system networks
from non-critical control system networks. For example, using VLANs.
• Independence from non-control system networks – the control system
provides network services to control system networks, critical or non-critical,
without a connection to non-control system networks.
• Encrypt protocol transmissions over all external connections using an
encrypted tunnel, TLS wrapper or a similar solution.
• Zone boundary protection – the control system provides the capability to:
◦ Manage connections through managed interfaces consisting of
appropriate boundary protection devices, such as: proxies, gateways,
routers, firewalls and encrypted tunnels.
◦ Use an effective architecture, for example, firewalls protecting application
gateways residing in a DMZ.
◦ Control system boundary protections at any designated alternate
processing sites should provide the same levels of protection as that of the
primary site, for example, data centers.
• No public internet connectivity – access from the control system to the
internet is not recommended. If a remote site connection is needed, for
example, encrypt protocol transmissions.
• Resource availability and redundancy – ability to break the connections
between different network segments or use duplicate devices in response to
an incident.
• Manage communication loads – the control system provides the capability to
manage communication loads to mitigate the effects of information flooding
types of DoS (Denial of Service) events.
• Control system backup – available and up-to-date backups for recovery from
a control system failure.
Potential risks and compensating controls

Address potential risks using these compensating controls:
162 P5/EN M/44B

Area Issue Risk Compensating controls
User Default account If you do not Change the default password for all
accounts settings are often change the accounts to help reduce unauthorised
the source of default password, access. See Passwords, page 184.
unauthorised unauthorised
access by access can occur.
malicious users.
Secure IEC 61850, DNP3 If a malicious user For transmitting data over an internal
protocols over Ethernet, gained access to network, physically or logically segment
Modbus slave your network, they the network.
over Ethernet, could intercept
EtherNet/IP, IEC communications. For transmitting data over an external
60870-5-103 network, encrypt protocol transmissions
serial, IEC 60870- over all external connections using an
5-101 serial, encrypted tunnel, TLS wrapper or a similar
DNP3 serial, solution.
Modbus slave
serial, Modbus See Protected environment assumptions,
master serial, page 161.
IEEE 1588 and
SNTP protocols
are unsecure.
The device does

not have the
capability to
transmit data
encrypted using
these protocols.
P5/EN M/44B 163

Cybersecurity configuration
The Easergy P5 protection relays provide one of the following cybersecurity levels
when manufactured:
• Basic CS level: most of cybersecurity rules are fixed by default configuration
which cannot be customized. User accounts also fixed. Changing of
password directly via device HMI. No security logs. Advanced features such
as sending logs to Syslog server and centralized authentication mode are not
provided.
• Advanced CS level: customized cybersecurity rules option provided.
Management of user accounts and update password for all P5 devices in
batch mode in a same local area network. Security logs provided, and the
logs can be transmitted to Syslog server. Supports centralized authentication
with Microsoft Active Directory as backend.
To know which cybersecurity level is adopted in Easergy P5 protection relay,
please check the second last character of the reference number of Easergy P5, as
shown in example below, where A or C stands for basic, B or D stands for
advanced level.
P 5 x 2 0 - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ A _
P 5 x 3 0 - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ B _
The Advanced CS level of P5 holds certification for IEC 62443-4-1 for Secure
Development Lifecycle and IEC 62443-4-2 Security Level 1 (SL1) for security
features provided.
An overview of the differences between security features offered with Basic and
Advanced levels is listed in the following table.
Security features Basic CS level Advanced CS

level
Connect with Cybersecurity Admin Expert (CAE)20 - ■
Change/add/remove user account - ■
Change password of user account ■21 ■22
Generate security Logs - ■
Backup security logs to Syslog server - ■
Customize role privileges - ■
Batch update user passwords of multiple P5 - ■
Communication ports hardening ■ ■
Secure connection with Easergy Pro software ■ ■
Discoverable by Easergy Pro - ■
Centralized authentication - ■
Web HMI via HTTPs ■ ■
Cybersecurity reset without losing settings and records ■ ■
20. CAE is a free engineering tool software which is used to manage cybersecurity rules for P5.
21. In Basic level, changing password of user account can only be done via device HMI.
22. In Advanced level, changing password of user account can only be done with CAE software.
164 P5/EN M/44B

HMI Auto-login
To facilitate the commissioning work by panel builder and system integrator, P5 is
provided with an Auto-login feature when manufactured. This feature grants
privilege of the role of INSTALLER for HMI access, without request of password.
All roles and their rights are described in chapter of Roles and rights, page 165.
This feature is applicable for both Basic and Advanced CS levels.
The Auto-login feature will be disabled when:
• For Basic CS level: the auto-login will be disabled when password has been
changed for InstallerLevel account. Password change for other accounts
does not impact the auto-login feature.
• For Advanced CS level: when security rules are pushed to device by CAE
software, the auto-login feature will be immediately disabled.
The following chapters will describe how the cybersecurity rules of P5 can be
managed for Basic and Advanced CS levels. Before that, the P5 roles and rights
definitions must be described.
Roles and rights

Easergy P5 operations are protected by Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
concept. The roles are assigned with rights. The user accounts are then created
upon those roles with granted rights which are associated with the corresponding
roles. The following table provides an overview of the roles and their default rights.
For Basic CS level the rights of role cannot be changed from default. For
Advanced CS level the rights of role can be customized with CAE software.
Table 25 - List of roles for cybersecurity
Role Default account Description

name
(case sensitive)
VIEWER DefaultViewer Can view information except for security logs. Viewer cannot
(Advanced CS modify any settings and files.
level only)
OPERATOR DefaultOperator In addition of VIEWER’s rights, OPERATOR can perform

control actions and change setting groups.
ENGINEER DefaultEngineer In addition of OPERATOR’s rights, ENGINEER can make

setting change, retrieve events, and fault records.
INSTALLER DefaultInstaller In addition of ENGINEER’s rights, INSTALLER can update the

device firmware
SECAUD DefaultSecAud Can read security logs.
(Advanced CS
level only)
SECADM SecurityAdmin Can change security rules, this is the only role which can be
(Advanced CS used to work with CAE software.
level only)
All user accounts are password protected and granted up to 256 concurrent
sessions.
The Easergy P5 default RBAC setting is compliant with IEC 62351-8 guidelines.
With CAE it can be modified and extended depending on user requirements. The
default RBAC setting is as the following table.
Table 26 - Roles vs. their access rights
VIEWER OPERATOR ENGINEER INSTALLER SECADM SECAUD

Logs ■ ■
Security ■ ■ ■
P5/EN M/44B 165

Table 26 - Roles vs. their access rights (Continued)
VIEWER OPERATOR ENGINEER INSTALLER SECADM SECAUD
Configuration change ■ ■
Control ■ ■ ■
Clear statistics data ■ ■ ■
Internal data ■ ■ ■ ■
Configuration read ■ ■ ■ ■
Settings read ■ ■ ■ ■
Control status read ■ ■ ■ ■
Read statistics data ■ ■ ■ ■
Read data ■ ■ ■ ■
Debug system ■
Debug application ■
Secure communication ■ ■ ■ ■
Device cybersecurity data full ■

access
Backup memory copy ■
Device user data file read ■ ■
Device user data file full ■

access
Device system data file full ■
access
Function key control ■ ■
Setting change ■ ■
Firmware update ■
Firmware verify ■
Please find detailed explanation of the rights from following table.
Table 27 - List of rights
Right Name of right in CAE23 Description
Logs LOGS Permission to retrieve security logs from P5 with CAE
Debug application P5_RightApplicationDebug Permission to execute firmware (application level) debug

command (internal manufacturer user)
Backup memory copy P5_RightBackupRootDirDefaultAccess Permission to read, write, delete, transfer through SFTP, back up
memory data in /backup/ directory of file system embedded in the
device.
Configuration read P5_RightConfigDft Permission to read the configuration which need a reboot of the
device, for example, scaling values like CT ratio or voltage
connection mode.
Configuration change P5_RightConfigMgt Permission to modify the configuration, it means we can change
any setting which need a reboot of the device, for example, scaling
values like CT ratio or voltage connection mode.
Control status read P5_RightCtrlObjDft Permission to read the status of controllable objects such as
status of switches, alarms, digital inputs/outputs, LED mode, etc.
Control P5_RightCtrlObjMgt Permission to change the status of controllable objects such as

switches, alarms, digital inputs/outputs, LED mode, etc.
Device cybersecurity data P5_RightCybSecRootDirDefaultAccess Permission to read, write, delete, transfer through CAE,
full access cybersecurity data in /cyb_sec/ directory of file system embedded
in the device.
23. The name of right in CAE is needed when the rights will be assigned for new roles or to be customized for existing roles.
166 P5/EN M/44B

Table 27 - List of rights (Continued)
Right Name of right in CAE24 Description
Read data P5_RightDataDft Permission to read all the data (i.e., measurements, fixed
parameters (i.e. model number, ….), logs, …
Internal data P5_RightDescMgt Permission to read and write internal data (internal manufacturer
user)
Firmware update P5_RightFirmwareProgram Permission to update firmware
Firmware verify P5_RightFirmwareVerify Permission to verify firmware authenticity and integrity before
updating the firmware to the device
Function key 1-8 control P5_RightFnkey01-07 Permission to operate with the function keys. There is one
permission per function key Fx (x = 1 to 7)
Secure communication P5_RightSecureComm Permission to connect eSetup Easergy Pro to Easergy P5
Settings read P5_RightSettingDft Permission to read any setting which do not need a reboot of the
device, for example, protection threshold or operation time.
Settings change P5_RightSettingMgt Permission to modify any setting which does not need a reboot of
the device, for example, protection or communication settings.
Includes also logic and Mimic configuration in eSetup Easergy
Pro, switching device mode (normal use or tests mode) and
allowing test execution.
Read statistics data P5_RightStatDft Permission to read only statistics data like counters, demand,
max, min., thermal capacity, …, etc.
Clear statistics data P5_RightStatMgt Permission to read and clear statistics data like counters, demand,
max, min., thermal level, …, etc.
Debug system P5_RightSystemDebug Permission to execute firmware (low level) debug command
(internal manufacturer user)
Device user data file read P5_RightUserRootDirDefaultAccess Permission to read through SFTP or eSetup Easergy Pro, user
data in /usr/ directory of file system embedded in the device like
disturbance records, …, etc.
Device user data file full P5_RightUserRootDirFullAccess Permission to read, write, delete, transfer through SFTP or eSetup
access Easergy Pro, user data in /usr/ directory of file system embedded
in the device like disturbance records, …, etc., except security
logs.
Device system data file P5_RightUserRootDirFullAccess Permission to read, write, delete, transfer through SFTP, system
full access data in /sys/ directory of file system embedded in the device
(internal manufacturer user); permission to update, through
eSetup Easergy Pro and the device firmware.
Security SECURITY Permission to change security settings including RBAC, password

complexity, and timeout options…, etc.
Login and logout

Basic CS level comes with three fixed user accounts. Users cannot change name
of those accounts. The available access interfaces for the three user accounts are
as follows:
Table 28 - Accessible interfaces for user accounts of Basic CS level
User account Role Web HMI Device HMI Easergy SSH

Pro
OperatorLevel OPERATOR Y Y Y Y
EngineerLevel ENGINEER Y Y Y Y
InstallerLevel INSTALLER Y Y Y Y
Advanced CS level allows user to manage user accounts and assign roles for
them. The available access interfaces for roles of Advanced CS level are as
follows:
24. The name of right in CAE is needed when the rights will be assigned for new roles or to be customized for existing roles.
P5/EN M/44B 167

Table 29 - Accessible interfaces for user accounts of Advanced CS level
Role Web HMI Device HMI Easergy Pro SSH CAE
OPERATOR Y Y Y Y N
ENGINEER Y Y Y Y N
INSTALLER Y Y Y Y N
SECAUD Y Y N N Y (only for
retrieving
logs)
SECADM N N N N Y
Login
• Local HMI panel: go to User Login menu from HMI main menu, then select
account and enter password. Refer to Login and logout, page 201 for more
information.
• Easergy Pro software (via SSH): refer to Connecting to a single protection
relay using USB cable, page 212 or Connecting to protection relays via
Ethernet, page 212 for more information.
• Web HMI (via HTTPS): Web HMI feature is disabled by default. Before use, it
must be enabled in Communication menu by selecting the Ethernet port for
HTTPS server. Refer to the P5 communication user manual, search for
“HTTPS server” for more information.
• CAE (via HTTPS, only for Advanced CS level) : only a Security Admin role
(SECADM) can login to a CAE project.
Logout
For security reasons, it is recommended to logout after any operation on the
On the main menu screen, Login screen and Mimic screen, a padlock icon is
presented at top-right corner of the title bar to signify that there is no user logged
in to Easergy P5 protection relay. The padlock icon disappears when any user
logs in.
Basic CS level setting

For Basic CS level, the cybersecurity rules setting is straightforward:
1. The device is provided with three hardcoded account names and the names
cannot be changed. Only the passwords can be changed.
2. To change the passwords, there is no need of any software including CAE nor
Easergy Pro, all settings can be done (and can only be done) from the P5
HMI.
Default settings
Basic CS level comes with three fixed user accounts. CS rules are as follows:
User account Role Default Login Maximum Password

password session login complexity
timeout attempts
OperatorLevel OPERATOR AAAA

15 min No limit Not required
EngineerLevel ENGINEER AAAA
168 P5/EN M/44B


(Continued)

timeout attempts
InstallerLevel INSTALLER AAAA
The name of user account cannot be changed. Rights of account cannot be

modified from default ones as specified in above table. There is no limit in number
of consecutive failed login attempts, and no forced password complexity
requirement. The login will time out after 15 minutes of inactivity.
NOTE: It is strongly recommended to change default passwords of all
accounts before Easergy P5 is put to operation.
Changing password
For Basic CS level, the length of the password is 1 to 8 ASCII characters [33 to
122].
The password change is managed directly via the device local HMI as the
following procedure:
1. Login to device by entering password. If the auto-login feature is still active,
then the device is already logged in with InstallerLevel account.
2. Enter the GENERAL SETTINGS menu and select Change password option.
GENERAL SETTINGS
Modbus master
DNP3
IEC60870-5-101
IEC60870-5-103
Port hardening
IP filter
Change password
Cybersecurity reset
3. Select user.
Change Password 1/1
User1 OperatorLevel
User2 EngineerLevel
User3 InstallerLevel
4. Enter new password and then enter once again to confirm.

Change Password
UserName EngineerLevel
Input new password
A ＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊
5. A “Password Change SUCCESS” message will be displayed on screen.

Change Password
UserName EngineerLevel
Password Change SUCCESS
P5/EN M/44B 169

NOTE: In step 3 the user can select another user with a lower access right in
order to change the password for that user. This is useful and convenient for
changing password for other users when they have lost their passwords. This
function can also serve as a complement to the password recovery options
described in Factory reset using a reset code, page 186.
NOTE: In step 3 the user can not select another user with a higher access
right in order to change the password for that user. A “Permission denied”
message will appear on the screen.
The scope of the rights of changing password for the three accounts are:
• InstallerLevel can change password for self, OperatorLevel and
EngineerLevel.
• EngineerLevel can change password for self and OperatorLevel.
• OperatorLevel can change password only for self.
Special access control

Only for Basic CS level, Easergy P5 protection relay provides special access
functions to further simplify commissioning with HMI and to enhance security:
1. Via F1 key can be used to switch P5 device temporarily into a mode in which
the device is opened for setting change via LHMI without request of
authentication.
2. Via SCADA can be used to switch the P5 device between local/remote
modes. Therefore, once the device is set to local mode all remote setting
change requests and control commands will be rejected.
Easergy P5 protection relay provides special access functions:
• F1 key access control: while “Via F1 key” disabled, F1 key works as normal
function key. When “Via F1 key” is enabled. Easergy P5 can be switched
between locked and unlocked states with F1 key. In locked state, all settings
of the device become read-only, the front USB communication port is
disabled, too. In unlocked state, settings of Easergy P5 become modifiable,
settings can be modified via local panel HMI directly without username and
password, front USB communication port also gets enabled. Please note that
login is still required when using Easergy Pro and Web HMI in unlocked state.
By setting Easergy P5 to unlocked state, it will bring convenience for users to
configure the device during commissioning.
• Communication SCADA access control: the setting “Via SCADA” provides
option to forbid any setting change and control command from SCADA
communication protocols (Modbus, IEC61850, IEC103). If the setting is set to
disabled, Easergy P5 rejects all SCADA protocol setting changes and control
commands. However, this setting will not effect on local panel HMI, front USB
communication port, eSetup Easergy Pro and Web HMI.
The settings “Via F1 Key” and “Via SCADA” can be configured from local panel
HMI. This special access control is operational in basic cybersecurity level only.
Figure 136 - Config access Via F1 Key and Via SCADA shown on HMI
GENERAL SETTINGS
Cybersecurity reset -
RBAC Reset to factory
Firmware upgrade
Config Access
Via F1 Key Enabled
Via SCADA Enabled
F1 key access control

Easergy P5 can be switched between lock/unlock states by F1 key.
170 P5/EN M/44B

NOTICE
If F1 key is configured as the quick switch of Easergy P5 lock/unlock, it will be
not available for other functions.
Table 31 - Via F1 Key configuration parameters
Via F1 Key
Disabled25 Enabled
Locked Unlocked
Access via HMI Read/Write Read Read/Write
Access via USB Read/Write Can not login Read/Write

(Easergy Pro)
Access via rear Read/Write Read Read/Write

comms (Easergy Pro)
Access via rear Read/Write Read Read/Write

comms (Web HMI)
Communication SCADA access control

For communication SCADA (Modbus, IEC 61850, IEC 103), when “Via SCADA” is
disabled, setting change or control command are disabled for Easergy P5,
whether in locked or unlocked state, with or without communication board.
Table 32 - Via SCADA configuration parameters
Via SCADA
Disabled Enabled
Access via rear comms Read Read/Write
SCADA (IEC 61850)

SCADA (Modbus)

SCADA (IEC 103)
Auto log-out
While “Via F1 Key” is enabled, Easergy P5 will be switched to locked state
automatically in below conditions, which is called “auto log-out”:
• if Easergy P5 is not connected with Easergy Pro, nor with WebHMI, and
without any operation on HMI for 3 minutes;
• if Easergy P5 is disconnected from Easergy Pro for 3 minutes;
• if Easergy P5 is disconnected from WebHMI for 18 minutes.
25. When F1 key is disabled which means it is used as a normal function key, the read/write permission is decided by existing RBAC setting.
P5/EN M/44B 171

Table 33 - Login requirements and auto log-out time out
Auto log-out time out

Login
Access required If disconnected
If without operation If log out without log out
via HMI No 3 minutes N/A N/A

via rear comms Yes Depends on 3 minutes 3 minutes
(Easergy Pro) “Automatic
Disconnection”
setting in Easergy Pro
via rear comms Yes Never 3 minutes 18 minutes26

(Web HMI)
As long as connected with Easergy Pro or WebHMI, Easergy P5 will not be

switched to locked state.
Advanced CS level setting

With Advanced CS level all P5 security rules are managed with Cybersecurity
Admin Expert (CAE) software.
Please be advised that CAE offers an independent user manual which describes
its function in a higher detailed level, which can be downloaded from website of
Schneider Electric .
The purpose of describing CAE software in this manual is to help Easergy P5
users starts with the Advanced CS level configuration without having to read CAE
user manual in complete. For this reason, only basic operations of the software
will be described. For a thorough understanding of the CAE functions please refer
to CAE user manual.
Before configured by CAE, Easergy P5 device of Advanced CS level is equipped
with default security settings.
Default settings
When delivered from factory, Easergy P5 Advanced CS level will be equipped with
following settings:
Table 34 - Accessible interfaces for user accounts of Advanced CS level

timeout attempts
OperatorLevel OPERATOR AAAA
EngineerLevel ENGINEER AAAA

15 min No limit Not required
InstallerLevel INSTALLER AAAA
SecurityAdmin SECADM AAAAAAAA
Introduction of CAE software

CAE allows user to centrally update username and password for all Easergy P5
devices in a same local area network without having to do it bay-by-bay. It can
customize the rights of user roles and user accounts. More advanced features of
CAE includes configuring the Syslog server, extracting locally saved security logs
26. It is proposed to click on “Logout” button at top right of WebHMI before closing the web browser, the auto log-out will be launched in 3
minutes.
172 P5/EN M/44B

from Easergy P5 devices, and centralized authentication over RADIUS/LDAP

protocol with a Microsoft Active Directory as back end.
NOTE: CAE projects can be only opened and edited by SECADM (Security
Administrator) accounts.
CAE
RBAC
Ethernet
Security logs
P533JXA
System requirements
CAE is a software with no requirement of license nor cost. It can be downloaded
for free from Schneider Electric website.
CAE runs in Windows® 10 Professional version 32/64 bit.
Administrator’s privilege is required to install CAE application components to
Windows. After installed, non-administrator users will be also capable to use the
software.
To connect with and manage Easergy P5 devices by CAE, the computer with CAE
shall be in the same local area network with the devices.
CAE download and install

Go to https://www.se.com/ww/en/all-products and search for Cybersecurity Admin
Expert to find the product page of CAE, click to enter product page.
Figure 137 - Product page of CAE
Click See software to choose package between x86 and x64 versions according
to operating system of the computer to install CAE. The latest version of CAE at
the time when this chapter was written is 2.2.1.2304.
NOTE: CAE only runs in Window 10. It will not run in Windows 7.
After downloaded the installation package, unzip the package and run the
Cybersecurity Admin Expert Installer.exe file to install. The files in folder
ISSetupPrerequisites will be installed automatically.
Changing initial password

When launching CAE for the first time it will prompt for username and password.
The default username is SecurityAdmin with default password: AAAAAAAA. The
username and password are both case sensitive.
P5/EN M/44B 173

Figure 138 - Initial password of CAE
Account will be locked if password is entered incorrectly up to 5 times. If this is the

only SECADM account of a project, a few minutes of waiting is obliged before any
further attempts with the same account. Alternatively, the blocked account can be
unblocked with another SECADM account immediately by using it to open the
project. Once the project is opened, all blocks of SECADM accounts will be
cancelled immediately.
After correctly entered default username and password CAE will ask for a
changing of default password of SecurityAdmin account.
There is no complexity requirement of password for a new project. When entering

password input you can click and hold the icon of eye to verify input.
174 P5/EN M/44B

CAE user interface overview

Cybersecurity Admin Expert(CAE) user interface window is composed by three
main work areas:
1. Project Manager pane at left
2. Selection pane in the center
3. Settings pane at right
• Menu Bar: From the menu bar user can select required function. The
organization of functions follows a typical configuration workflow, however,
user can jump from one to another.
• Preferences: Click to choose language and activate/deactivate window
restore preferences.
• Username: Logged in username is displayed in this area.
• Log out: To log out from the application, click on the power on/off icon.
• Help: click ? icon then Audit Logs to see CAE application logs.
• Create/Export/Import: Use those buttons to create, export or import CAE
security configuration project database.
Most of the CAE functions can be used without connection to Easergy P5 devices.
Connection with devices in the same local area network is only required when
using function of MANAGEMENT OF SYSTEM so that to push new CS rules to
devices.
CAE functions are grouped in the following menu bars:
• USER ACCOUNTS: the functions for account edit such as create, rename,
remove account, change password of account, and assign accounts to roles.
Please note that one user account can be assigned to multiple roles, this user
account will then have the rights of all corresponding roles combined.
• ROLES: edit Easergy P5 user roles and rights. User’s rights are decided by
the roles the user account are assigned to.
• SECURITY SETTINGS: set miscellaneous security-related features, such as
session time out duration, password complexity requirement, Syslog server,
account locking.
P5/EN M/44B 175

• SYSTEM EDITOR: list the discovered protection relays so that CAE can push
new CS settings to the devices. Please note that Easergy P5 devices can be
discovered automatically by CAE, since Easergy P5 supports DWPS and
UDP. Therefore declaring P5 devices is optional. For devices without
supporting of UDP they must be added to the list otherwise CAE cannot find
them.
• MANAGEMENT OF SYSTEM: discover Easergy P5 devices so that new CS
settings can be pushed.
CAE recommended workflow

The CS rules of devices are managed with CAE by projects. Each project contains
a set of roles and user accounts, with various security-related settings. The project
can be worked offline, means there is no need of connection to Easergy P5
devices when changing the settings. When offline work is done, CAE can be
connected with devices and push the project settings to them.
NOTE: changing P5 CS rules with CAE is a one-direction process. It means
the new settings can be pushed from CAE to Easergy P5. But can not read
existing P5 CS settings back to CAE.
The recommended workflow with CAE for P5 is as follows:
1. Manage the project: use the Project manager to open an existing CAE project
or to create a new one.
2. Manage the user accounts: go to USER ACCOUNTS menu to create/remove/
modify user accounts, assign roles to the accounts, and set password for
accounts.
3. Manage the roles: go to ROLES menu to check whether the default rights of
roles are in line with your organization cybersecurity policy. Rights can be
changed for existing roles. New roles can be created. Existing roles can be
removed.
4. Manage other security settings: go to SECURITY SETTINGS menu to set
options including timeout, user account locking, password complexity, Syslog
server, Security banners, and centralized authentication methods.
5. Define the devices: go to SYSTEM EDITOR to provide IP addresses of
devices to CAE to let CAE connect with them. This step is optional for
Easergy P5 because CAE can discover Easergy P5 devices automatically via
DWPS and UDP.
6. Prepare the connection between computer with CAE and Easergy P5 device:
CAE can connect with Easergy P5 via Ethernet and the front USB port. To
connect via Ethernet connection please make sure the computer with CAE is
in the same local area network with P5 devices to be managed. Please
ensure quality of connection by USB cable if connect with front USB port.
Please use only one type of connection at a time.
7. Push new CS rules to Easergy P5: go to MANAGEMENT OF SYSTEM, use
discover function to find automatically all Easergy P5 devices, and push new
CS rules to them.
CAE menu: Projects

Click Create a new project button to create new project.
Example settings are as follows:
176 P5/EN M/44B

Selection in Architecture will impact the Security Settings menu which will be
described in CAE menu: Security settings, page 180.
If selected Factory in Created from, CAE default template will be used, it can be
also created from one of existing projects.
Click Save to save the project. Then double-click the new project in the project
manager pane to switch to the project. CAE will ask for authentication upon
opening the new project.
Use the account name SecurityAdmin and default password “AAAAAAAA” to
login. CAE will then force changing of the initial password. There is no password
complexity requirement for a new project.
After the password of SecurityAdmin has been changed the project will be loaded
with CAE default template settings if Factory is chosen to create the project from.
NOTE: CAE projects can be only opened by accounts of SECADM (Security
Administrator) role.
CAE menu: User accounts

The default user accounts for any new project created from Factory template are
as follows:
P5/EN M/44B 177

It is advised to delete the “DefaultRbacMnt” account, because this role is not

supported by default in Easergy P5’s roles template.
New created accounts can be assigned with roles. Each account can be assigned
with multiple roles. It will then get the rights of all the assigned roles combined.
The “Username” is the account name which will be used for authentication.
The default alphanumeric password for all user accounts is “AAAAAAAA”.
The arrow password facilitate operation of password input on device HMI with
arrow buttons.
Default passwords for all default accounts are as follows.
Table 35 - Default CAE alphanumeric and arrow passwords for Easergy P5
Account name Role Alphanumeric Arrow password

password
DefaultEngineer ENGINEER
DefaultInstaller INSTALLER
DefaultOperator OPERATOR ↓←↑→↓←↑→ (then
AAAAAAAA press OK key)
DefaultSecAud SECAUD
DefaultViewer VIEWER
SecurityAdmin SECADM
Easergy P5 will always prompt for arrow password only for authentication from
local HMI if the arrow password is set in CAE. Therefore, please make sure of
cleared the Arrow Password in CAE for all accounts as follows if this feature is not
required:
Alphanumeric password will always be asked for authentication request from

Easergy Pro and Web HMI.
178 P5/EN M/44B

NOTE:
1. It is strongly recommended to change the default passwords for all
accounts before Easergy P5 is put to operation.
2. It is strongly recommended to create a 2nd user account assigned with
SECADM role, so that in case of SecurityAdmin password lost, the 2nd
SECADM account can be used to open the CAE project and recover
passwords.
3. In case of managing multiple CAE projects in parallel, keep at least one
SECADM account with same password in all projects, so that to switch
easily between CAE projects.
4. SecurityAdmin is the account with hardcoded username for all CAE
projects as well as for the devices. It cannot be deleted. The username
cannot be changed neither. Other role except SECADM can not be
assigned to it.
5. Make sure to save changes for each account before moving to another
account or another menu.
CAE menu: Roles

The default roles for CAE projects are as follows:
It is recommended to remove the role RBACMNT unless it is absolutely needed.

The rights of existing roles can be modified in the Role Details fields. Please note
that CAE is designed to manage CS rules for multiple Schneider Electric products.
To modify rights of Easergy P5, please click on the + sign at left of P5 and leave
the other products.
NOTE: the setting EasergyP is not for Easergy P5.
P5/EN M/44B 179

New roles can be added as needed.
CAE menu: Security settings

The functions in this menu make settings of various security parameters.
User Accounts
CAE is delivered with default security parameters as follows:
To facilitate operation and setting via local HMI, Activate ‘Local Default Access’
can be set to Yes to grant automatically selected rights of the role. Anyone who
can access to Easergy P5 local HMI will have the rights of the roles assigned with
‘Local Default Access’. The default setting is VIEWER. But it can be extended to
multiple ROLES if needed as follows:
Please note that the ‘Local Default Access’ option is only available for Substation /
Feeder Automation architecture.
NOTE: The setting of project architecture will also impact the following
options:
• Allow user account locking: can only be YES for Critical Power and
Plant Automation.
• Automatic user account unlocking: can be only YES for Critical Power
and Plant Automation.
180 P5/EN M/44B

Logs
• Logging parameters: No standard was enabled when Easergy P5 was
released from factory. It will not generate any security log before been
managed with CAE. During creation of a new CAE project the default
standard enabled by CAE is BDEW. P5 also supports security logs according
to IEEE 1686 standards. For type of logs and which will be generated for both
standards please refer to Security event logging, page 188.
• Syslog parameters: please input remote Syslog server address and port in
this section. Easergy P5 will send all the internally generated security logs to
server for backup after address and port defined.
• SNMP parameters: the options shall not be used since Easergy P5 does not
support SNMP.
Security Banners
The security banners are warning messages displayed on device HMI and Web
HMI login interface for system use notification.
Easergy P5 will display Authorized User Access Only before authentication take
place in device HMI and Web HMI. The displayed message can be customized in
Security banner medium of CAE.
Certificate whitelist
Easergy P5 connects with CAE via HTTPs. Easergy P5 works as a server with
device self-signed HTTPs certificate to help ensure the credentials and contents
will not be transmitted in clear text.
P5/EN M/44B 181

During network discovery when CAE discovered a new Easergy P5 device and
attempt to make connection, user will be prompted to add HTTPs certificate to
whitelist. To accept a new device certificate, verify device certificate validity and
then select it and click Accept.
CAE menu: System editor

This function is optional for Easergy P5 because CAE can discover Easergy P5
devices in the same local area network automatically with Advanced CS level
thanks to support of DPWS and UDP protocols.
NOTE: in rare occasions CAE may not discover all Easergy P5 devices in
same network. In this case, declaring them will help CAE to find them.
Specifying the Model and IP Address is sufficient, leave the Port by default to
9867. The rest of information can be free text as follows:
After made the settings, CAE should be able to find the devices.
CAE menu: Management of system

After all Cybersecurity rules defined, the rules will be pushed to Easergy P5
devices.
Connecting to Easergy P5 with CAE

CAE can connect with Easergy P5 via Ethernet or front USB port. To make
Ethernet connection, please ensure the computer with CAE is in the same local
area network with Easergy P5 devices to be managed. To make connection
through front USB port, please ensure the quality of connection by USB cable
between computer and Easergy P5.
It is recommended to use PING command to verify connection between Easergy
P5 and computer with CAE when using Ethernet connection to Easergy P5.
Push the new CS rules to Easergy P5

Click Discover button to find all Easergy P5 devices automatically in the same
network as shown in image:
182 P5/EN M/44B

Click Send security configuration to push new CS rules to the devices.

NOTE: for Easergy P5 devices have already been managed by a CAE project,
the passwords of SecurityAdmin in P5 devices and the CAE project must be
the same. It means if the password of SecurityAdmin of P5 device is “ABCD”,
the password of SecurityAdmin account in the CAE project must be also
“ABCD”. Otherwise the user will be prompted to provide SecurityAdmin’s
password of P5 device. In that case the password “ABCD” must be entered to
enable connection with P5 devices. As in image below:
As an example, if password of SecurityAdmin is changed to “EFGH”, CAE will

attempt to connect with Easergy P5 devices with existing password “ABCD”. If
it succeeds the new password “EFGH” will be pushed to P5 devices.
Please note that the new password and new security settings will be pushed to P5
devices only by clicking Send security configuration button again.
Retrieving Easergy P5 device internal security logs

Right click on Easergy P5 in list of discovered devices to retrieve security logs
saved internally to device. The duration of operation takes about 30 seconds.
Easergy P5 keeps security logs with a cyclic non-volatile memory, when reached
the limit of memory size the earliest entries will be replaced by new ones.
P5/EN M/44B 183

Passwords
Password complexity
The following rule of password complexity is available for both Basic CS level and
Advanced CS level.
• Length of password must be 1 to 8 characters
• Passwords can be composed by the following ASCII [33 to 122] characters:
◦ Latin capital letters from A to Z
◦ Latin lowercase characters from a to z
◦ Figures from 0 to 9
◦ Non-alphabetic characters: [ \ ] ^ _ ’ ! “ # $ %` & ‘ ( ) * + , - . / : ; < = > ? @
NOTE: Passwords cannot contain the user account name or parts (no more
than two consecutive characters) of the user's full name. To help to secure
Easergy P5 protection relay, the password should be as longer as possible,
mixing lowercase and uppercase characters, figures and non-alphabetic
characters.
It is possible to configure password with CAE according to NERC and
IEEE 1686 standard recommendations.
Standard Configuration
NERC 8 characters minimum with ASCII [33 to 122] characters.

The lesser of three or more different types of characters (e.g., uppercase
alphabetic, lowercase alphabetic, numeric from 0 to 9, non-alphabetic
characters)
IEEE 8 characters minimum with ASCII [33 to 122] characters

std1686 1 lowercase letter, 1 uppercase letter, 1 digit from 0 to 9 and 1 non-alphabetic
character
Password reset
Password can be reset by a higher privilege user account.
If the higher privilege user account password is lost, the only option is to perform a
Cybersecurity factory reset and contact Schneider Electric Customer Care Center.
With higher privilege account

With higher privilege user account password, the options are as follows.
Basic CS level
With InstallerLevel account, user can reset the passwords of OperatorLevel and
EngineerLevel.
With EngineerLevel account, user can reset the password of OperatorLevel.
The reset can be done directly in the device local HMI as described in Changing
password, page 169.
If the InstallerLevel account password is lost the only option is to perform a
cybersecurity factory reset and contact Schneider Electric customer care.
184 P5/EN M/44B

Advanced CS level
For Advanced CS level, CAE is the only method to modify password. A security
admin role account can reset the password of all other accounts (including other
security admin accounts).
If the password of SecurityAdmin is lost but another SECADM account exists, the
CAE projects can be opened with the other SECADM account. After that you can
reset the SecurityAdmin password.
With cybersecurity factory reset

Please note that all cybersecurity settings will be reset to default by this
procedure. Security logs will not be impacted. Protection and control settings,
events, and fault records will not be impacted.
Reset request code

A reset request code is needed to obtain a reset code from the Schneider Electric
Customer Care Center. The reset request code is a 12 ASCII character string of
upper case characters. It is a read only parameter. The Easergy P5 protection
relay generates its own reset request code randomly.
A new code is generated under the following conditions:
• On power-up
• Whenever settings are set back to default
• On expiry of the validity timer
• When the reset code is entered
As soon as the reset request code is displayed on the local panel, a validity timer
is started. This validity timer is set to 120 hours and is not configurable. This
provides enough time for the Customer Care Center to manually generate and
send a reset code. The Service Level Agreement (SLA) for reset code generation
is one working day.
To help prevent accidental reading of the Easergy P5 reset request code the cell
displays a warning message.
The reset request code will be displayed on confirmation, whereupon the validity
timer will be started.
Please note that the reset request code can only be read from the local panel.
Once a new reset request code is generated on the Easergy P5, the reset code
will become invalid, so please make sure the Easergy P5 protection relay is
always powered on before you get the reset code.
Reset code
The reset code can only be obtained from the Schneider Electric Customer Care
Center.
The reset code is intended for password recovery only. It is not a replacement
password that can be used continually. It can only be used once - for password
recovery.
Entry of the reset code causes the Easergy P5 protection relay to reset all
passwords back to factory default.
The "passwords set to default" message is displayed.
The reset code can be applied through any interface, local or remote. It will
achieve the same result irrespective of which interface it is applied through.
Charge is to the user to enter the new appropriate passwords.
P5/EN M/44B 185

Factory reset using a reset code
NOTICE
RISK OF PASSWORD RECOVERY PROCESS FAILURE
• The reset code is only valid for its corresponding reset request code. Once a
new reset request code is generated on the Easergy P5 protection relay, the
reset code provided by the Customer Care Center becomes invalid.
• Avoid the circumstances that will cause a new reset request code to be
generated by the protection relay before entering the reset code.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in interruption of the
password recovery process.
The passwords can be reset to factory defaults through the following procedure:
1. Get the reset request code from the RBAC Reset to factory view of the
GENERAL SETTINGS menu as illustrated in the following figure.
Figure 139 - Get the reset request code
R
1
1 Select the Cybersecurity reset option
2 Select Get request code from the RBAC Reset to factory view
3 Select on
4 Reset request code generated and displayed on the screen
2. Contact Schneider Electric Customer Care Center (http://www.se.com/CCC)

and provide two pieces of information from the Easergy P5 protection relay:
• Serial number
• Reset request code
3. Get a reset code from the Customer Care Center, which is generated using
the above information.
186 P5/EN M/44B

4. Go to the RBAC Reset to factory view of the General SETTINGS menu and
select the Reset factory option.
RBAC Reset to factory 1/2
Reset to factory password
Get request code -
Reset factory -
5. Select On to confirm.
6. A caution message appears. Press to continue.
Caution
Any changes on RBAC and
security configuration will
be lost， then the factory
RBAC and security policies
will be applied.
Reset Cancel
7. Enter the reset code obtained in Step 3 above to start the reset.
Passwords of Easergy P5 and all security settings will be set to default values
now.
Port hardening
It is possible to disable a communication port from the local panel of Easergy P5
protection relay, from eSetup Easergy Pro, or from the web HMI, with the
ENGINEER access right.
Physical ports which can be disabled:
• Front mini-USB port (for eSetup Easergy Pro connection)
• Rear serial port
• Rear Ethernet port
The figure below shows the Port Hardening Configuration settings in the Protocol
Configuration view of the Communication menu in eSetup Easergy Pro:
Figure 140 - Port hardening configuration settings in eSetup Easergy Pro
The port hardening can also be set from the local panel through the Port
hardening config. view of the General menu.
P5/EN M/44B 187

When the ports or the protocols on Ethernet module are disabled or enabled,
reboot of the Easergy P5 protection relay is needed.
NOTE: In addition to port hardening configuration, and in order to help prevent
access to the communication ports on the local panel, it is possible to put a
physical seal (See Lock the shutter and handle, page 46).
It is possible to disable SSH protocol for the rear Ethernet ports, the setting can be
made only from local panel via General setting / Port hardening / Dis. Eth SSH.
Security event logging

The function of security event log and back up remotely the logs to Syslog server
is only available in Advanced CS level. The security logs are generated by
Easergy P5 and saved locally with secured storage on FLASH memory. They are
read-only and undeletable for any role. In the meantime the logs will be pushed to
the Syslog server defined by CAE. Syslog server manages the logs according to
customer security policy.
Easergy P5 does not enable by default any of logging standards listed in the table
below . The logging standards can be selected in CAE according to requested
logs.
Table 36 - Security logs list
Log ID Description BDEW IEEE 1686–2013

CONNECTION_SUCCESS Successful connection ■ ■
CONNECTION_FAILURE Unsuccessful connection (wrong credentials) ■ ■
Unsuccessful connection (wrong credentials)

CONNECTION_FAILURE_AND_BLOCK ■ ■
triggering the blocking of the account
CONNECTION_FAILURE_ALREADY_ Unsuccessful authentication because the account

is already blocked ■ ■
BLOCKED
DISCONNECTION Disconnection triggered by user ■ ■
DISCONNECTION_TIMEOUT Disconnection triggered by timeout ■ ■
FIRMWARE_UPDATE Firmware update to IED ■ ■
RBAC_UPDATE Update of the RBAC setting in the IED ■
SEC_LOGS_RETRIEVAL CAE extraction of security logs from IED ■
Time change from Easergy Pro, local HMI, Web

TIME_CHANGE ■
HMI, protocol time synchronization
PORT_MANAGEMENT Port hardening operations ■
SECURITY_UPDATE Update of the Security policy database ■
Upgrades management
When the Easergy P5 protection relay firmware is upgraded – security
configuration remains the same until changed, including usernames and
passwords. It is recommended security configuration is reviewed after an upgrade
to analyze rights for new or changed device features and revoke or apply them
according to your company’s policies and standards.
188 P5/EN M/44B

Security functionality verification

When the Cybersecurity functionalities have been configured, it is recommended
to verify that the following functions are working as intended:
• RBAC function is making sure that user cannot perform actions for which he
does not have privilege.
• Security event logs (CS Advanced only) are properly generated in P5 locally
and the remote Syslog server (if configured) keeps record of them.
• Disabled logical and physical ports can no longer be accessed.
It is recommended to repeat the above tests after firmware update or security
policy update.
P5/EN M/44B 189

Protection Relay Use
Use
Introduction
The local panel can be used for both entering all the data required for operation of
the Easergy P5 protection relay and accessing the data for equipment
management.
The following tasks can be handled from the local panel:
• Controlling switchgear units:
◦ View equipment status on an animated mimic diagram
◦ Local opening and closing of up to 6 devices controlled by Easergy P5
• Read out the list of enabled protections
• Readout and modification of settings
• Readout of live operating data including waveforms
• Read out logic status signals
• Readout of operating data logs and of monitoring signal logs
• Readout of event logs after overload situations, ground faults, or short circuits
in the power system
• Read out the Easergy P5 protection relay's module versions
• Device resetting and triggering of additional control functions used in testing
and commissioning
• Test the protection relay with dedicated IED modes (contact outputs forced or
not)
• Entering a password according to different access rights for settings and
operations (see Cybersecurity, page 157)
Control is also possible through the PC interface. This requires a suitable PC
installed with a specific operating program called eSetup Easergy Pro (see eSetup
Easergy Pro, page 209).
190 P5/EN M/44B

Use Protection Relay
Local panel
Presentation
The Easergy P5 protection relay is equipped with a user friendly local panel.
Figure 141 - Local panel of Easergy P5x20
1 2 3 4
5
ON !
Bay
Easergy
6
0 A
0 A
0 A
0.00 A 7
22
9
21
20 10
19 11
18 12
Open
is perfect is a Queen
Jean-Marc Linda
Close
Jean-Marc Linda
13
14
17
15 P533MSA
16
① Power ON/OFF LED ⑫ Handle

② Alarm LED ⑬ Label for protection relay name (inserted in the
shutter)
③ Trip LED ⑭ LED identification label (inserted in the shutter)
④ Maintenance/Test LED ⑮ Shutter

⑤ Graphic 192 x 96 monochrome LCD ⑯ Label for programmable function key (stuck on
screen the back of the shutter)
⑥ Handle lock ⑰ Label for CB open and CB close keys (stuck on

(movable up and down) the back of the shutter)
⑦ Information key ⑱ F1 function key
⑧ Reset key ⑲ Remote Control/Local Control key
⑨ 6 LEDs, user programmable ⑳ CB Open (upper) and CB Close (lower) keys
⑩ Mini-USB connector for connecting

laptop (behind a plastic cover) 21 Navigation keypad and confirmation key
⑪ USB connector for data transfer

(behind a plastic cover) 22 Home key
P5/EN M/44B 191

Figure 142 - Local panel of Easergy P5x30
1 2 3 4
5
ON !
Bay
Easergy
6
0 A
0 V
0 VA
0 kW
0 kVAr 7
0 Hz
22
9
21
20 F1 F2 F3 10
19 F4 F5 F6 F7
11
18
Open
12
Jean-Marc Linda
Close
Jean-Marc Linda
13
14
17
P533MTA
16 15
① Power ON/OFF LED ⑫ Handle

② Alarm LED ⑬ Label for protection relay name (inserted in the
shutter)
③ Trip LED ⑭ LED identification label (inserted in the shutter)
④ Maintenance/Test LED ⑮ Shutter

⑤ Graphic 480 x 272 color LCD ⑯ Label for programmable function key (stuck on
screen the back of the shutter)
⑥ Handle lock ⑰ Label for CB open and CB close keys (stuck on

(movable up and down) the back of the shutter)
⑦ Information key ⑱ F1 - F7 function keys
⑧ Reset key ⑲ Remote Control/Local Control key
⑨ 10 LEDs, user programmable ⑳ CB Open (upper) and CB Close (lower) keys
⑩ Mini-USB connector for connecting

laptop (behind a plastic cover) 21 Navigation keypad and confirmation key
⑪ USB connector for data transfer

(behind a plastic cover) 22 Home key
192 P5/EN M/44B

Push buttons
Symbol Function
HOME/Cancel push-button for returning to the previous view. To return to the

default screen of the LCD display, keep the button pressed for 3 seconds.
INFO push-button for viewing additional information.
Reset key to release latches and reset LED status.
1 programmable function push-button for Easergy P5x20

(see Object control with function keys, page 445)
7 programmable function push-buttons for Easergy P5x30 (see Object control

to with function keys, page 445)
ENTER push-button for activating or confirming a function.
UP navigation push-button for moving up in the menu or increasing a

numerical value.
DOWN navigation push-button for moving down in the menu or decreasing a

numerical value.
LEFT navigation push-button for moving back across a menu or selecting a

digit in a numerical value.
RIGHT navigation push-button for moving forwards across a menu or

selecting a digit in a numerical value.
Circuit breaker ON push-button

(see Object control with I and O buttons, page 446)
Circuit breaker OFF push-button

(see Object control with I and O buttons, page 446)
This push button allows the user to set the Easergy P5 protection relay to
remote control mode or local control mode.
NOTE: The programmable function push buttons, the Local/Remote control

key and the control circuit breaker push buttons are protected by a shutter in
normal operation. This shutter can be sealed (see Lock the shutter and
handle, page 46).
LED indicators
Status indicators
This includes the 4 LEDs located on top of the LCD representing the different
status of the Easergy P5 protection relay regarding power, alarm, trip, and
operation mode (refer to item 1 to 4 in Local panel of Easergy P5x20, page 191
and Local panel of Easergy P5x30, page 192) and the LED associated with the
"Local/Remote" push button (refer to item 19 in Local panel of Easergy P5x20,
page 191 and Local panel of Easergy P5x30, page 192).
P5/EN M/44B 193

Table 37 - The states of the status indicators
Indicators States
OFF ON Flash
Power OFF Power ON -
No alarm Old alarm New alarm
No trip Trip -
In service Maintenance Test/Test-block mode
In local control mode In remote control mode -

(steady green)
Configurable LEDs
These LEDs can be configured in three different colors: green, red and yellow, and
be individually latched or unlatched (see LED matrix, page 438).
These LEDs are configured by default according to LED1 to LED6 on Easergy P5
x20, page 194 and LED1 to LED10 on Easergy P5 x30, page 194.
Table 38 - LED1 to LED6 on Easergy P5 x20
Color LED 1 LED 2 LED 3 LED 4 LED 5 LED 6

Easergy P5U20
Green CB Open
Yellow TCS Alarm Therm Alarm

Red CB Closed I Trip IN Trip
Easergy P5V20
Green CB Open
Yellow TCS Alarm

Red CB Closed V Trip VN Trip f Trip
Table 39 - LED1 to LED10 on Easergy P5 x30
Color LED 1 LED 2 LED 3 LED 4 LED 5 LED 6 LED 7 LED 8 LED 9 LED 10
Green CB Open
Yellow TCS Alarm Therm Alarm

Red CB Closed I Trip IN Trip V Trip VN Trip f Trip
Customising the local panel

The local panel of the Easergy P5 protection relay can be customised with four
labels for:
• Configurable LEDs
• Configurable function keys
• Circuit breaker control push buttons
194 P5/EN M/44B

• Name of the protection relay or feeder

NOTE: The Easergy P5 protection relay is delivered with:
• A label of configurable LEDs with default configuration (English version;
see LED1 to LED6 on Easergy P5 x20, page 194 and LED1 to LED10 on
Easergy P5 x30, page 194)
• A label in color for the circuit breaker control push buttons
The different labels can be defined with eSetup Easergy Pro (see LED
documentation view in the Documentation menu).
When the labels are printed and adjusted:
• Insert the label for the configurable LEDs in the shutter (see 14 in Local panel
of Easergy P5x20, page 191 and Local panel of Easergy P5x30, page 192)
• Stick the label for the programmable function push buttons on the back side
of the shutter (see 16 in Local panel of Easergy P5x20, page 191 and Local
panel of Easergy P5x30, page 192)
• Stick the label for the circuit breaker control push buttons on the back side of
the shutter (see 17 in Local panel of Easergy P5x20, page 191 and Local
panel of Easergy P5x30, page 192)
• Insert the label for the protection relay name in the shutter (see 13 in Local
panel of Easergy P5x20, page 191 and Local panel of Easergy P5x30, page
192)
Introduction to the LCD display

Easergy P5 protection relay service cycle
During the start-up of the Easergy P5 protection relay, a series of boot messages
are displayed to guide the user through the whole process.
The start up process may be different dependent on whether the optional
extension module is installed.
If there is no extension module installed, the protection relay enters into the
operation mode and displays the default screen (e.g. the Mimic screen), which can
be set through eSetup Easergy Pro in the GENERAL menu.
If the extension module is installed, the Easergy P5 protection relay checks
whether the content of the extension module is a backup of its existing
configuration and settings by comparing the version numbers.
Figure 143 - Message on handling the existing content in the extension

module
Backup in extension module

2018-12-19 22:00:18
VO1.001.023
P5U20-AABB-BABEA-AABA
Block new backup

Discard
If it is, the Easergy P5 protection relay proceeds to the default screen; If it isn't, a
message is displayed, prompting the user to either keep or discard the content of
the extension module. If the user selects the “Block new backup” option, the
content is kept, the Easergy P5 protection relay will block the backup operation; If
the user selects the “Discard” option, the protection relay directly reconfigures
from the extension module.
P5/EN M/44B 195

When the Easergy P5 protection relay is in operation mode, it is possible to switch

to the main menu screen by pressing key. Depending on the user role, the user
can also change the device settings at any time.
If an event or alarm occurs during operation, a popup message is permanently
displayed on the LCD screen until it is acknowledged using the key.
If there is an alarm message displayed and no action on the keypad for 5 minutes,
the Easergy P5 protection relay will jump to the default screen and then display
the alarm message again automatically.
If there is no alarm message displayed, the default screen is displayed
automatically.
Menu structure
The Easergy P5 protection relay has two levels of menus: the main menu (home
menu) and sub-menus.
NOTE: The hierarchy and navigation of the menu structure are the same on
Easergy P5x20 and Easergy P5x30, but due to a larger resolution, the
Easergy P5x30 LCD color screens can display data and graphics in greater
detail.
The Easergy P5 device is delivered with auto-login feature. It will be disabled
when the passwords for all three levels are changed from the default ones. For the
default passwords for all the levels, refer to Default settings, page 172.
Main menu (home menu)

Figure 144 - The main menu with menu item Measurement in focus
1 2 3 4
P533MUA
1 Home menu icon 4 Remove/Local control icon

2 Full name of the menu item in focus 5 Menu item not in focus
3 Padlock icon 6 Menu item in focus
The main menu screen has 2 widgets: the top title bar, and the main display area.
The top title bar shows the following items:
• Menu name: full name of the menu item that is being selected (the names
next to the menu icons use their short forms)
• Home icon: located on the left side of the top title bar, indicates that the
current screen is the home screen of the LCD display
196 P5/EN M/44B

• Padlock icon ( ): located on the right side of the top title bar, indicating that
no user has logged in to the device; the icon disappears when any user has
logged in.
• Remote/Local control icon: located on the right end of the top title bar,
indicates the protection relay's current control mode
Figure 145 - The remote/local control icons
P533MVB
P533RXA
Remote mode Local mode
The main display area lists all the menu items (sub-menus) of the Easergy P5
protection relay.
In the main menu, pressing the navigation keys on the local panel moves the
focus onto a main menu item (sub-menu). The sub-menu title is displayed in the
top title bar of the main menu screen. Pressing allows the user to enter the
highlighted sub-menu.
Sub menus
Figure 146 - The Measurement sub-menu
P533MWA
1 Title of sub-menu 3 Menu item not in focus

2 Menu item in focus
In the sub-menu, pressing or key moves the focus onto a sub-menu item
and pressing selects the item and allows the user to enter the setting page of
the item.
NOTE: There could be more menu items than is able to be displayed in the
view. The user needs to scroll to these items using the key.
P5/EN M/44B 197

Data/setting page
Some sub-menu items may have more than one data/setting pages, which is
indicated by an arrow on either the left or right end, or by arrows on both ends of
the title bar:
• Arrow on the right end
Pressing the key scrolls the screen to the next data/setting page.
• Arrow on the left end
Pressing the key scrolls the screen to the previous data/setting page.
• Arrows on both the left and right ends
Pressing the or key scrolls the screen to the previous or next data/
setting page, respectively.
Upon seeing the desired data/setting page, pressing allows the user to enter
the data/setting page, and after that, pressing the or key moves the focus
onto each parameter field.
NOTE: There could be more parameters than is able to be displayed in the
view. The user needs to scroll to these parameters using the key.
When an editable parameter is in focus, pressing opens the parameter
setting view and enables the user to change the value or option by pressing the
navigation arrow keys. When a non-editable parameter is in focus, pressing
key pops up a message, indicating that the parameter is not editable. When the
user is not fully authorised to edit the setting, pressing key pops up a
"Permission denied" message.
When changing the settings, use the navigation keys according to the following
instructions to get the result quickly:
• For selecting options, use the and keys;
• For changing the value of integer numbers, use either the and keys, or
the and keys;
• For changing the value of float numbers, first use the and keys to
quickly approach the integer part of the number in steps of 1 and then use the
and keys to adjust the decimal part in steps of 0.01.
In the protection menu, some protection stage items have a first setting page with
more than one view. These views belong to different setting groups of the
protection stage. In this case, upon selecting the menu item, an additional text line
"Press OK to edit groups" is displayed at the top of the main display area to
indicate that here the user can edit the settings of different setting groups.
Pressing the key to enter the group editing status. Pressing the and
keys to scroll to the setting view for the desired setting group.
Figure 147 - Example of a data/setting page with 4 setting views
OK
P533MXA
198 P5/EN M/44B

Moving in the menu structure

The following image describes the operation to navigate in the menu structure.
Figure 148 - Moving in the menu structure of the Easergy P5 protection relay
1 2 3 4 5
OK OK OK OK
OK P533MYA
1 Main menu 4 Data/setting page

(parameter selecting view)
2 Sub-menu 5 Parameter editing view
3 Data/setting page 66 object in focus

(page selecting view)
Press , , and keys to move focus in menu.
Press key to enter the sub menu (2), the data/setting page selecting view (3),
the parameter selecting view (4), or the parameter editing view (5), depending on
where the user is situated in menu structure.
key is also used to confirm and finalise the editing in the parameter editing
view.
Press key once to return to previous view.
Keep pressing the key for 3 seconds to display default screens.
Moving default screens and mimics

There are two ways to display default screens:
• keep pressing the key for 3 seconds

• make no action on the keypad for 5 minutes.
It is possible to scroll between visible mimics (per setting) and between default
screens.
To scroll between mimics and other default screens, please press and
keys to scroll between mimics and Alarm list.
In mimics of default screen, use and keys to scroll between Mimic 1 and
Mimic 5.
NOTE: If Mimic 2 to Mimic 5 are set to invisible, press and keys will
not scroll to other mimics from Mimic 1.
Regardless of which mimic is actually displayed, pressing key will scroll to
Main measurements window. When pressing key in Main measurements
window, Mimic 1 will be displayed.
P5/EN M/44B 199

1 2 3 4
P533S4A
1 Mimics 2 Main measurements

3 Firmware version 4 Alarm list
200 P5/EN M/44B

Login and logout

NOTE: For more details about password management, see relevant sections
in Cybersecurity, page 157.
Login
The user may need to log in before changing settings or accessing the data
protected by password. The Easergy P5 device is delivered with auto-login
feature. It will be disabled when the passwords for all three levels are changed
from the default ones. For the default passwords for all there levels, refer to
Default settings, page 172.
The Login screen can be accessed from the main menu or through the key on
the local panel. The following login procedure starts from the main menu.
1. Press the navigation keys and then the key to enter the User Login menu
from the main menu screen.
The screen displays the Login view with the focus on the "Name" field.
2. Press to show the user list, which displays the three default user levels
provided by the Easergy P5: Engineer Level, Operator Level and Installer
Level.
3. Press or key to select a user name from the user list and then press
to confirm your choice.
4. Enter the password by first pressing or key to select the code position,
and then pressing or key to select different letter or digits and pressing
to confirm.
NOTE: After a correct password is entered, the LCD display returns to the
home screen and the padlock icon disappears from the screen title bar,
indicating that the user is now able to view/edit the settings, depending on the
access right level of the user type.
NOTE: To access the User Login screen using the key on the local panel,
press and then press the key. This feature enables the user to directly
access the User Login screen from wherever in the menu structure rather than
has to go back to the home screen.
Logout
By default, the user is automatically logged out if there is no action on the keypad
for 3 minutes.
The user can also logout manually by first going to the User Login screen from the
local panel and then pressing the key.
NOTE: To access the User Login screen using the key on the local panel,
press and then press the key. This feature enables the user to directly
access the User Login screen from wherever in the menu structure rather than
has to go back to the home screen.
Adjusting the LCD contrast (for Easergy P5x20)

The LCD contrast of the Easergy P5x20 protection relay can be adjusted
according to the following steps:
1. On the local panel, select the Device/Test menu icon and then press the
key to enter sub-menu.
2. Press key to select Contrast of LCD.
P5/EN M/44B 201

3. Press key twice to enter the setting page of LCD contrast.

4. The setting range of contrast is 1 to 15. To increase contrast, press or ,
to decrease, press or . After setting, press key to confirm. The
contrast of LCD will be changed after confirmed.
5. Press key to go back previous view, or keep press the key for 3 seconds to
go back to default screen.
NOTE: The LCD contrast can alternatively be adjusted by pressing the key
and then pressing the and key. The contrast changes incrementally
with every step but the screen does not display the values.
Changing language
The interface language can be changed on the local panel according to the
following steps:
1. Press the navigation keys to select the General settings menu from the main
menu screen, then press key to enter. The screen displays the General
settings menu with the focus on the "Language" option.
2. Press the key to enter the Language setting page.
3. Press the key to focus on the setting item.
4. Press the key again to bring up the language list.
5. Press the or key to select the desired language and then press the
key to confirm the selection.
NOTE: The interface language can alternatively be changed through eSetup
Easergy Pro in the GENERAL menu/System info sub-menu.
Changing the parameters
WARNING
INOPERABLE PROTECTION RELAY
Make sure that the reboot of the protection relay has no impact on people and
equipment.
equipment damage.
After changing some settings, the protection relay needs to reboot. During this
time, the device is not operational.
Parameters can be changed on the setting pages of certain sub-menus:
1. In the main menu, enter the menu item that relates to the function you need to
access.
Refer to Main menu (home menu), page 196 for how to access the menu
items.
2. In the sub-menu, select the sub-menu item that includes the parameter you
want to change.
Refer to Sub menus, page 197 for how to access the sub-menu items.
3. With the related sub-menu item selected, press or key to scroll to the
specific setting page on which you can find the parameter and then press
to enter the setting page.
4. Press the or key to move the focus onto the parameter field and then
press the key to start editing the parameter.
202 P5/EN M/44B

5. Use the navigation keys to change the value of the parameter and then press
the key to confirm your change.
Refer to Data/setting page, page 198 for how to use the navigation keys
tactically.
6. Press the key once to go back to the previous view in the menu, or press it
for 3 seconds to return to the default screen.
P5/EN M/44B 203

Manage the alarm messages

Handling the pop-up alarm message
When an alarm message box pops up on the LCD screen, the user can
acknowledge the message and close the message box by pressing the key.
Alternatively, if there is more than one alarm, the user can press the key for
about 2 seconds to bring up a dialog box where the user can opt to delete all the
alarm messages.
Changing the alarm settings and viewing the alarm list

Alarm settings and list can be accessed from the Logs function group in the main
menu.
The following procedure describes how to change the alarm settings and view the
alarm list:
1. From the main menu, use navigation keys to select Logs & alarms function
group, click key to enter sub-menu. Refer to Main menu (home menu),
page 196 for how to access the menu items.
2. In the Logs & alarms sub-menu, select the option Alarm logs to enter the
Alarms setting page.
Refer to Sub menus, page 197 for how to access the sub-menu items.
3. Press key to enable selection in setting page, use or key to move
the focus onto the parameter field and then press to edit setting of
parameters.
The setting page includes the following parameters:
• Counter: number of alarms (from 0 to 200)
• Order: scroll order (Old - New or New - Old)
• Fault value: fault value scaling (Primary or PU)
• Alarms: enable alarm pop-up messages (On or Off)
• Event synchro.: displaying event time not in sync (On or Off)
4. Press or key to change the settings of the parameters and then press
to confirm change.
5. Press the key once to go back to the previous view in the menu, or press it
for about 3 seconds to return the default screen.
NOTE: For viewing the alarm list, press key once to go to the Alarm list
page after Step 2.
204 P5/EN M/44B

Matrix operations
The matrix mapping operation can be performed on the local panel of the Easergy
P5 protection relay, in the eSetup Easergy Pro software tool, or through the web
HMI.
The following procedure describes the mapping operation on the local panel of the
Easergy P5 protection relay. The operation is much easier in eSetup Easergy Pro
and the web HMI due to their intuitive interfaces.
1. Select the Control function from the main menu, press to enter the sub-
menu.
2. Press or key to scroll to the menu item (e.g. DI) that needs matrix
mapping operation.
3. Press or key to scroll to the matrix mapping page and start the
mapping operation.
NOTE: The local panel LCD screen only shows the first line of mapping
relations already existing in the configuration. If no mapping relation is
available for the first line of the matrix, the screen only shows the digital
input or internal signal on the left side of the screen.
4. Press or key to scroll to the digital input or internal signal type and
then press to confirm. The first crossing point on the matrix line starts to
blinck.
5. Press or key to scroll to the crossing point for which you want to set
the mapping status.
NOTE: Some crossing points may not be visible in the screen but the user
can view all the crosssing points by pressing key.
6. Press or key to select the mapping status (enabled or disabled;
connected or unconnected; latched or unlatched, depending on which matrix
mapping operation is being performed) and then press to confirm.
The screen shows the current line of mapping relations, leaving the empty
crossing points invisible on the screen.
7. Press key to leave the matrix setting page and then key to return to the
preview level in the menu structure.
P5/EN M/44B 205

Controlling objects
The local panel provides buttons for directly controlling objects like circuit breaker
and earth/ground switch. The user do not need to go through the menu to find out
the options for closing/opening the objects.
Controlling an object with Selective Control enabled

The user needs to enter the correct password and enable the Selective control
feature in the Control menu/Objects sub-menu or in the GENERAL menu/Local
panel conf sub-menu of the eSetup Easergy Pro.
When Selective Control is enabled, the control operation will include a
confirmation step (select before operate).
1. Press on the local panel to open a circuit breaker or stop a motor, or

press on the local panel to close a circuit breaker or start a motor.
2. Press the same key ( or ) again to confirm your operation, or

press on the local panel to cancel the previous operation.
Controlling an object with Direct Control enabled

The user needs to enter the correct password and enable the Direct control
feature in the Objects view of the Control menu or in the Local panel conf view of
the General menu in eSetup Easergy Pro (refer to Controlling an object with
Selective Control enabled, page 206 and Local panel configuration, page 442
respectively).
When Direct Control is enabled, the control operation is done without
confirmation.
1. Press on the local panel to open a circuit breaker or stop a motor, or
press on the local panel to close a circuit breaker or start a motor.

2. The object in control acts according to your control operation.
206 P5/EN M/44B

Specific language file change

The Easergy P5 protection relay can be ordered in English version only or in
English with another local language (see Order information, page 523).
The selection of the language can be done with eSetup Easergy Pro or directly on
the local panel of the Easergy P5 protection relay (see Changing language, page
202).
Other languages can be uploaded to the Easergy P5 protection relay through
eSetup Easergy Pro, using the Update language option from the (Tools) drop
down list in the tool bar.
NOTE: The language files use the .bin extension.
For detailed list of languages, contact Schneider Electric.
Transferring data to USB memory stick

The Easergy P5 protection relay supports data transfer to a USB memory stick
plugged into the USB 3.0 type A port located under the flap of the local panel.
Files of the following formats in the protection relay can be transferred:
File format Description
manifest.mnfs IED information and integrated check data
/DR/*.dat, *.cfg Disturbance records
The features of the USB data transfer function are as follows:

• Hot-plugging is supported and the USB key status is automatically detected
by the device.
• Files are copied to folder “P5bak” in the USB key.
The protection relay creates this folder automatically before transferring data.
If a “P5bak” folder already exists, all the files in it will be over-written.
• Each file transferred is accompanied by a CRC32 check to help ensure the
integrity.
• Software and hardware information is stored in the manifest file.
• Data transfer process takes about 2 to 10 minutes.
• The USB key used must be in FAT32 format and with write caching disabled.
• USB 3.0 or above is recommended for use on the device.
NOTE: The USB data transfer function transfers only disturbance record files
to USB key, the digital format setting file, event, alarm files can be transferred
only by eSetup Easergy Pro tool.
The data is transferred to the USB key according to the following steps:
P5/EN M/44B 207

1. Use navigation keys to select and press key to enter Device/Test sub
menu. Select USB key and press key to enter the view of Copy files to
USB. Insert USB Key to the USB port in front of local panel.
The USB key detected status will be changed from “No” to “Yes”
automatically.
Copy files to USB 1/1
USB key detected No Yes

Copy Easergy P5 to USB
USB key detected Yes
Copy to USB key -
Safe remove -
P533OKB
2. Press key to enable selection. Select Copy to USB key and then select
All to copy all the files from the protection relay to USB key.
Copy Easergy P5 to USB
Copy to USB key -
Safe remove -
Edit:Copy Easergy P5 to USB
-
ALL
P533OJB
3. A progress bar will be displayed on the screen for a short while. After finished
copy, a “Success” message will be displayed. Please press key to close
this message.
Success
Press Home to cancel
P533O9B
4. To remove USB key, please select Safe remove, then select On and press
key.
Safe remove USB
Copy to USB key -
Safe remove -
Edit:Safe remove USB
-
On
P533S0A
208 P5/EN M/44B

eSetup Easergy Pro

Overview
WARNING
INOPERABLE PROTECTION RELAY
Make sure that the reboot of the protection relay has no impact on people and
equipment.
equipment damage.
After changing some settings, the protection relay needs to reboot. During this
time, the device is not operational.
eSetup Easergy Pro is a setting and operating software tool for configuring
Easergy P5 devices, local operation and customisation functions.
The eSetup Easergy Pro software is supplied directly through the Schneider
Electric website www.se.com, along with the eSetup Easergy Pro program for
recovering disturbance recording files, and all the Easergy P5 documentation in
PDF format.
Figure 149 - eSetup Easergy Pro menu bar and tool bar
The eSetup Easergy Pro software has a graphical interface where the protection
relay settings and parameters are grouped under nine menu tabs:
• General
• Measurements
• Control
• Protection
• Matrix
• Logs
• Communication
• Device/Test
• Documentation
The contents of the tabs depend on the device type and the selected application
mode. Refer to the User Manual of eSetup Easergy Pro for detailed information on
the setting views of each menu.
The eSetup Easergy Pro stores the device configuration in a setting file. The
configuration of one physical device is saved in one setting file. The configurations
can be printed out and saved for later use.
When starting to work with eSetup Easergy Pro, there are three options:
• Create a new setting file without connecting to a protection relay
• Open an existing (previously saved) setting file without connecting to a
protection relay
• Connect to a relay and read the settings from the protection relay .
eSetup Easergy Pro can be connected to a single relay via the mini-USB port in
the protection relay's local panel or to a group of protection relays via Ethernet.
P5/EN M/44B 209

Operation modes
The eSetup Easergy Pro software can be used in three operation modes:
• Disconnected mode
• Single unit connecting mode
• Network connecting mode
Using eSetup Easergy Pro in disconnected mode

The disconnected mode allows you to prepare parameters and settings files for
Easergy P5 prior to commissioning.
The parameter and protection setting files prepared in disconnected mode will be
downloaded later to the Easergy P5 protection relays in connected mode.
In this mode, the user can create a setting file from scratch, or open a previously
saved setting file as a basis for creating configuration for a protection relay of the
same type. Refer to the User Manual of eSetup Easergy Pro for more information.
Using eSetup Easergy Pro connected to a single Easergy P5

The single connection mode is used during commissioning of an Easergy P5
protection relay:
• To upload, download and modify Easergy P5 parameters and settings.
Refer to the User Manual of eSetup Easergy Pro for more information on
uploading (writing)/downloading (reading) setting files to/from the connected
protection relays.
NOTICE
UNINTENDED EQUIPMENT OPERATION AND NUISANCE TRIPPING
After writing new settings, configurations or firmware to a protection relay,
perform a test to verify that the protection relay operates correctly with the new
settings.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in unwanted shutdown of
the electrical installation.
• To have all the measurements and supporting data available for

commissioning.
The PC fitted with the eSetup Easergy Pro software is connected to the mini-USB
port in the local panel of the Easergy P5 using a USB cord (reference 59700).
Figure 150 - Connecting a PC to the Easergy P5 using a USB cable
P533N5A
210 P5/EN M/44B

Using eSetup Easergy Pro connected to an Easergy P5 network

The network connection mode is used during operation:
• To manage the protection system.
• To check the status of the power supply.
• To diagnose any incident occurring on the power supply.
The PC fitted with the eSetup Easergy Pro software is connected to a group of
Easergy P5 units via a communication network (connection via serial link or
Ethernet).
The connection window allows configuration of the Easergy P5 network, and
provides access to the parameter and protection setting files of the Easergy P5
units on the network.
Setting up the connection

Installing the USB driver
If it is the first time you connect the Easergy P5 protection relay to a PC running
eSetup Easergy Pro, you need to install the USB driver on the PC.
The steps for installing the driver are as follows:
1. Connect the USB cable (reference 59700) to the front port of the Easergy
P5 protection relay and the PC (see Connecting a PC to the Easergy P5 using
a USB cable, page 210), after that look for a new COM port under COM & LPT
in the Device Manager window of the PC.
If you are unsure which is the right port, detach the USB cable and insert it
again when you are in this menu.
2. Right-click on the port and select Update Driver Software from the
contextual menu.
3. Select the option Browse my computer for driver software and locate the
driver in the P5 driver_files folder under the eSetup Easergy Pro directory.
4. Click the Install button in the prompt window to start installing the driver.
5. If the driver has been installed successfully, the connection now appears
under Network adapters in the Device Manager window each time you
connect the PC to a Easergy P5 protection relay.
P5/EN M/44B 211

Connecting to a single protection relay using USB cable

1. Install the USB driver from the eSetup Easergy Pro file package for the first
time connecting the Easergy P5 protection relay to a PC running eSetup
Easergy Pro (see Installing the USB driver, page 211).
2. Connect the USB cable (reference 59700) between the PC running eSetup
Easergy Pro and the local port of the Easergy P5 protection relay, with the
mini-USB type B connector of the cable plugged into the protection relay and
the type A connector to the PC (see Connecting a PC to the Easergy P5
using a USB cable, page 210).
3. On the eSetup Easergy Pro toolbar, click the ON connection button. The
Login pop-up window opens.
4. Select the right Easergy P5 USB serial port name.
5. Click Connect.
A new window showing the relay information opens.
6. Enter the user name and password to login.
eSetup Easergy Pro's main view opens.
NOTE: If you connect for the first time to a device on which the default users
and passwords are used, refer to Cybersecurity, page 157.
Connecting to protection relays via Ethernet

You can connect to a single protection relay or multiple protection relays via
Ethernet.
1. On the eSetup Easergy Pro toolbar, click the ON connection button. The
Login pop-up window opens.
2. Click ETHERNET.
3. Select the right IP address from the drop-down menu.
• For the protection relay's IP address, see the protection relay local panel
menu BUS/ETHERNET PORT.
• To save the defined connection settings, click the disk icon.
4. Click Connect. A new window showing the protection relay information
opens.
5. Enter the user name and password to login. eSetup Easergy Pro's main view
opens.
212 P5/EN M/44B

Web HMI
Overview
The web HMI is used for operation and settings. It has the same functions as
eSetup Easergy Pro except the logic and mimic customisation.
The web HMI can be accessed using the following browsers272829:
Operation Certificate state Firefox® Internet Edge®

system Explorer®
Windows 7 without pre-installed certification ■ ■ -
pre-installed certification ■ ■ -
Windows 10 without pre-installed certification ■ - -
pre-installed certification ■ ■ ■
Device reboot reminder

NOTE: Attention to the reminder message of device reboot.
Some setting changes require a reboot of the Easergy P5 protection relay.
This is reminded by a message appearing on the HMI screen when you
change such settings through the HMI.
27. Chrome® is not supported.

28. Firefox is a registered trademark of the Mozilla Foundation.
29. Internet Explorer and Edge are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
P5/EN M/44B 213

Firefox
1. Enter "https://192.168.1.21" in the Firefox address bar, it will show
the left message.
Click Advanced to show more information.
2. If a message regarding an invalid security certificate is displayed,

click Add Exception....
Left window will be displayed.
3. If needed, click the View... button to see the pop-up information of

the certificate with the name "192.168.1.21.p12".
214 P5/EN M/44B

4. Close the certificate viewing window and then click the Confirm
Security Exception button.
The login page will be opened.
5. Now the certificate file is already imported into Firefox and you find
it in Certificate Manager of Firefox browser.
Internet Explorer in Windows 7

1. Enter "https://192.168.1.21" in the IE browser of Windows 7.
A warning messages window will pop-up.
2. Click Continue to this website (not recommended).

Login page will be loaded with a "Certificate error" message displayed
at the right end of address bar.
P5/EN M/44B 215

3. Click on Certificate error message, then click on View certificates.

There will be a pop-up window to show certificate information.
4. Click the Install Certificate button to install certificate.

The "Certificate Import Wizard" window will be shown.
5. Click Next, on the Certificate store page, select the Certificate

Store Trusted Root Certification Authorities.
6. Click Finish to import the certificate and close the Certificate Import
Wizard window.
216 P5/EN M/44B

7. Click Yes on the pop-up Security Warning window to install the

certificate.
8. The certificate is installed successfully and could be found under the

Console Root/Certificates-Current User directory.
P5/EN M/44B 217

Edge in Windows 10
The following procedure for accessing the Easergy P5 web HMI uses the IE
browser for illustration. The screen shots for the Edge browser are identical.
1. Enter "https://192.168.1.21" in the address bar of the Edge browser

of Windows 10.
The left message will be displayed.
2. Click Go on to the webpage (not recommended).

The left message displayed on the window, indicating that the right
certificate needs to be installed in the computer first.
3. Click on Start button of desktop and then type in "mmc" in search

bar.
The Console interface will be opened.
4. Click File/Add/Remove Snap-in....

The Add or Remove Snap-ins window pops up.
5. Click Certificates in the left box and then click Add button.
The Certificates Snap-in window appears.
218 P5/EN M/44B

6. Select Computer account and click Next.

The Select Computer window appears.
7. Select Local computer and click Finish to close Select computer

window.
8. Click Ok to close Add or Remove Snap-ins window.

The “Console Root” folder in the Console interface is now populated
with the "Certificates (local computer)" directory.
9. Select Certificates (Local Computer)/Trusted Root Certification

Authorities/Certificates in the left box and then right click
Certificates and select All tasks/Import in the context menu.
The "Certificate Import Wizard" window opens.
10. Click Next.

The "File to Import" window appears.
P5/EN M/44B 219

11. Click Browse and then, in the pop-up dialog box, select the path of
the certificate followed by the certificate name "192.168.1.21.p12" (the
suffix of the certificate is "p12").
Note that the file type should be All Files.
12. Click Open to finish locating the certificate file.
13. Click Next on the File to Import window.

The "Password" window appears.
14. Type in the password "secbrick", check the Mark this key as
exportable... option, and then click Next.
The "Certificate Store" window appears.
.
220 P5/EN M/44B

15. Check the Place all certificates in the following store option,
browse to the certificate store folder "Trusted Root Certification
Authorities", and then click Next.
The certificate import settings page appears.
16. Click Finish.

If the import was successful, a pop-up message with such content will
appear on the screen.
17. After the certificate has been imported successfully, set up the
Edge browser by checking the Use TLS 1.0, Use TLS 1.1, and Use
TLS 1.2options under the Advanced tab of Internet options.
18. Enter "https://192.168.1.21" in the address bar of the Edge

browser again.
Now we can access the Login page directly.
P5/EN M/44B 221

The EcoStruxure Power Device application

The EcoStruxure Power Device application is used to facilitate and simplify the
operations and maintenance of the Easergy P5 protection relay, directly with a
smart phone a few meters from the cubicle.
The EcoStruxure Power Device application can be connected to the Easergy P5
protection relay using a Wi-Fi router.
The EcoStruxure Power Device application provides easy access to device status,
control and monitoring of the circuit breaker, measurements, settings, events and
other functions through the mirror HMI or a simplified view.
• Mirror HMI:
Duplicates the device display in the EcoStruxure Power Device application to
perform actions more easily.
• Simplified view:
The EcoStruxure Power Device application gives you an organised view of all
the device’s functionalities for easier access to data.
Connecting to protection relays via Ethernet

You can connect to a single protection relay or multiple protection relays via
Ethernet.
Preparations before launching the EcoStruxure Power Device application
• Equip the Easergy P5 protection relay with Ethernet modules (slot M or L).
• Connect the Easergy P5 protection relay to a Wi-Fi router with RJ45 cable.
• Configure the Wi-Fi network of the smart phone (IP address of the smart
phone should be in the same network segment as the Easergy P5 protection
relay).
Connecting to protection relays
• Launch the EcoStruxure Power Device application.
• Sign in with the account and password created at the Schneider Electric
server.
• Connect the new product via scanning QR code or selecting the Easergy P5
protection relay in the product list.
• Enter the IP address of the Easergy P5 protection relay and click Connect.
• Enter the user name and password of the Easergy P5 protection relay.
• A new window showing the Easergy P5 protection relay information opens.
222 P5/EN M/44B

Protection functions Protection Relay
Protection functions
General features of protection stages
Enable/disable protection functions
The different stages of the protection function can be enabled/disabled
individually.
If a protection function stage is disabled, it is not shown in the PROTECTION
menu in the local panel.
To enable or disable a protection function stage:
• With eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI, enter the PROTECTION menu/Valid
protection stages sub-menu or directly go to each protection stage view in
the same menu.
• With the local panel, enter the Home menu/PROTECTION sub-menu/List of
protection enabled menu item/Enabled Stages menu item.
The Enabled Stages menu item allows to enable or disable the protection
stage(s) of a protection function. If a protection stage is enabled here, it
appears in the PROTECTION menu as a menu option.
For the motor protection, there is a dedicated Motor status view (PROTECTION
menu/Motor status sub-menu) where it is possible to enable or disable the
following protection functions:
• Thermal overload protection for machine (ANSI code 49M)
• Motor start-up supervision (ANSI code 48)
• Motor restart inhibition (ANSI code 66)
• Locked rotor (ANSI code 51LR)
• Motor Anti-backspin (ABS) protection
• Motor speed detection
• Emergency restart
NOTE: The Motor status view is comprised of settings (e.g. nominal motor
start current) common to these functions.
Setting groups
Setting groups are controlled by using controlling inputs like digital inputs, function
keys, virtual inputs, HMI or custom logic.
When none of the assigned inputs are active, the active setting group is defined by
parameter Setting group control in the PROTECTION menu/Valid protection
stages sub-menu via eSetup Easergy Pro.
When one controlling input activates, the corresponding setting group is activated
as well. If multiple inputs are active at the same time, the active setting group
follows the definition by 'Setting group priority'.
By using virtual I/O the active setting group can be controlled using the local panel
display, any communication protocol, or in-built programmable logic functions.
When a controlling input is configured, the Setting group parameter in the same
menu is not operational.
Setting group changes are applied simultaneously to all protection functions.
P5/EN M/44B 223

Protection Relay Protection functions
Example of setting groups

Any digital input can be used to control setting groups but in this example DI1,
DI2, DI3 and DI4 are chosen to control setting groups 1 to 4. This setting is done
with the parameter 'Setting group x DI control' where x refers to the desired setting
group.
'Setting group priority' is used to give a condition to a situation where two or more
digital inputs, controlling setting groups, are active at the same time. 'Setting
group priority' could have values: "1 to 4" or "4 to 1".
Assuming that DI2 and DI3 are active at the same time and 'Setting group priority'
is set to "1 to 4" , setting group 2 becomes active. If 'Setting group priority' is
reversed, that is, "4 to 1", the setting group 3 becomes active.
When a setting is selected by a digital input and this one is not activated, the
'Setting group' will not take effect.
Protection stage status

The status of a protection stage is one of the following:
• Ok = '-'
The stage is idle and is measuring the analogue quantity for the protection.
No power system fault detected.
• Blocked
The stage is blocked for some reason (eg. through block matrix).
• Start
The stage detected a fault (i.e. pick up value reached) and is counting the
operation delay.
• Trip
The stage has tripped and the fault is still on.
Mode of use for testing purposes

There is a Mode of use parameter which, when set to Test or Test block mode,
allows forcing of the status of any protection stage to be start or trip. By using this
forcing feature, current or voltage injection is not necessary to check the output
matrix configuration, the wiring from the digital outputs to the circuit breaker and
also to check that communication protocols are correctly transferring event
information to a SCADA system.
The Mode of use can be configured in the GENERAL menu/System info sub-
menu.
Start and trip signals

Every protection stage has two internal digital output signals: start and trip. The
start signal is issued when a fault has been detected. The trip signal is issued after
the configured operate delay unless the fault disappears before the end of the
delay time.
Global trip timer offers the possibility of assigning a dwell time delay (0.0...10.0 s)
to the protection trip output. This Minimum global trip cmd time parameter can
be configured in the CONTROL menu/Global trip timer sub-menu.
The hysteresis, as indicated in the protection stage's characteristics data, means
that the signal is regarded as a fault until the signal drops below the start setting
determined by the hysteresis value (see Hysteresis and reset ratio, page 227).
224 P5/EN M/44B

Using the output matrix, the user connects the internal start and trip signals to the
digital outputs and indicators. See Output matrix, page 436.
Start and trip counters

Each protection function stage has a counter associated to the start and trip
signals, they can be cleared individually.
Blocking
Any protection function, except arc-flash protection (see Arc-flash (ANSI 50ARC),
page 333), can be blocked with internal and external signals using the block
matrix. Internal signals are, for example, logic outputs, start and trip signals from
other stages and external signals are for example digital and virtual inputs.
Some protection stages have also inbuilt blocking functions. For examples, phase
overcurrent has an input for inrush detection.
When a protection stage is blocked, it won't trip in case of a fault condition. If
blocking is activated during the operation delay, the delay counting is frozen until
the blocking condition is off or the start resets, that is, the fault condition
disappears. If the stage is already tripping, the blocking has no effect. See
Blocking matrix, page 436 for more information.
Overshoot time
Overshoot time is the time the protection relay needs to notice that a fault has
been cleared during the operate time. This characteristic is important when
grading the operate time settings between relays.
Figure 151 - Definition for overshoot time
A
B
D P533A0B
A Fault time B Overshoot time (≤ 50 ms)
C Operate time configuration, have to D Trip contacts

be greater than the sum of fault time
and overshoot time.
For example, when there is a heavy fault in an outgoing feeder, it will start both the
incoming and outgoing feeder relay. However, the fault must be cleared by the
outgoing feeder protection relay and the incoming feeder relay must not trip.
Although the operating delay setting of the incoming feeder is more than that of
P5/EN M/44B 225

the outgoing feeder, the incoming feeder might still trip if the operate time
difference is not big enough. The difference must be more than the overshoot time
of the incoming feeder relay plus the operate time of the outgoing feeder circuit
breaker.
Definition for overshoot time, page 225 shows an overvoltage fault seen by the
incoming feeder when the outgoing feeder clears the fault. If the operation delay
setting would be slightly shorter or if the fault duration would be slightly longer than
in the figure, an unselective trip might happen (the dashed pulse in the figure). In
devices, the overshoot time is less than 50 ms.
Disengaging time and reset time

The disengaging time is the time between the moment when the fault conditions
disappear and the moment the tripping contact relay opens. It is an instantaneous
time.
Disengaging time and adjustable reset time according to IEC 60255-151 standard,
page 226 shows an example of reset time, that is, release delay when the Easergy
P5 protection relay is clearing an overcurrent fault. When the Easergy P5
protection relay’s trip contacts are closed, the circuit breaker (CB) starts to open.
After the CB contacts are open, the fault current still flows through an arc between
the opened contacts. The current is finally cut off when the arc extinguishes at the
next zero crossing of the current. This is the start moment of the reset delay. After
the reset time delay the trip contact and start contact are opened unless latching is
configured. The precise reset time depends on the fault size; after a significant
fault, the reset time is longer. The reset time also depends on the specific
protection stage. The maximum reset time for each stage is specified under the
characteristics of every protection function.
Figure 152 - Disengaging time and adjustable reset time according to IEC
60255-151 standard
Energising
quantity above
Setting value
Start (pick-up)
signal
Operate
signal
Time delay setting Tripping
Value of
internal time
delay counter
Tr Tr Disengaging time
Tr: Reset time setting

Reset time Tr P533A1A
The adjustable reset time is a definite or inverse time hold used mainly to detect
restriking faults (DT) or allow coordination with electromechanical protection
relays (Inverse). It can be used also for coordination with electromechanical
relays.
It is implemented in the following protection functions:
• Non-directional/directional phase overcurrent protection (ANSI 50/51/67)
• Non-directional/directional earth/ground fault overcurrent protection (ANSI
50N/51N/67N)
226 P5/EN M/44B

• Negative sequence overcurrent (ANSI 46)
Hysteresis and reset ratio

When comparing a measured value against a start value, some amount of
hysteresis is needed to avoid oscillation near equilibrium situation. With zero
hysteresis, any noise in the measured signal or any noise in the measurement
itself would cause unwanted oscillation between fault-on and fault-off situations.
Figure 153 - Example of behaviour of an over-protection with hysteresis
B
C
D P533A2B
A Hysteresis B Start level
C Reset level D Start
The reset ratio is the ratio between the reset level and the start level. To avoid any
chattering of the protection for low settings of thresholds, a reset ratio can be
claimed with a minimum value of hysteresis. For example: <93% with a minimum
of hysteresis of 0.005 Inom.
Figure 154 - Example of behaviour of an under-protection with hysteresis
C
B
D P533A3B
A Hysteresis B Start level
C Reset level D Start
Time grading for logic selectivity

When a fault occurs, the protection scheme only needs to trip circuit breakers
whose operation is required to isolate the fault.
This selective tripping is also called discrimination or protection coordination and
is typically achieved by time grading. Protection systems in successive zones are
arranged to operate in times that are graded through the sequence of equipment
so that upon the occurrence of a fault, although there are a number of protections
that devices respond to, only those relevant to the faulty zone complete the
tripping function.
P5/EN M/44B 227

The recommended discrimination time between two Easergy P5 protection relays

in an MV network is 200 ms considering a CB opening time of 60 ms.
Recorded values on the last eight faults

There are detailed information available on the last eight faults for each of the
protection stages. The recorded values are specific for protection stages and
could contain information like time stamp, fault value, elapsed delay, fault current,
fault voltage, phase angle and setting group.
228 P5/EN M/44B

Dependent time and definite time operation

Description
Definite time protection
The tripping time is constant. The operation time is started when the set point is
overrun.
Figure 155 - Definite time protection
IS I
P533A4B
Dependent time operation

The dependent time operation is the Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT) type
of operation in accordance with standards IEC 60255-151, BS 142 and
IEEE C-37.112. The dependent time operation is available for several protection
functions:
• Overcurrent protection (directional or not),
• Earth/ground fault protection (directional or not),
• Over/under voltage protection
The operate time in the dependent time mode (IDMT) is dependent on the
magnitude of the fault. The bigger the fault, the faster the stage issues a trip signal
and vice versa. The trip time calculation resets if the injected quantity drops below
the start level.
The operate time in Definite Time (DT) mode is defined regardless of the fault
signal. It is activated as soon as the pickup value is reached.
The operate time in the definite time mode is fixed by the operate delay setting.
The timer starts when the protection stage starts and counts until the set time has
elapsed. After that, the stage issues a trip command. If the fault is cleared before
the definite time has elapsed, then the protection stage resets.
Figure 156 - Dependent time and definite time operation curves

IDMT DT
t (s)
It (A)
P533A5B
P5/EN M/44B 229

Stage-specific dependent delay

Some protection functions have their own specific type of dependent delay.
Details of these dedicated dependent delays are described with the appropriate
protection function.
Operation modes
There are two operation modes to use the dependent time characteristics:
• Standard delays
Using standard delay characteristics by selecting the Operating curve
parameter in dedicated protection function. See Standard dependent
operation delay, page 231.
• Fully programmable dependent delay characteristics
Building the characteristics by setting 16 [current, time] points. The relay
interpolates the values between given points with second degree
polynomials. This mode is activated by the setting curve family to "PrgN",
where N = 1, 2, 3, corresponding to the three different programmable curves
available. Each programmed curve can be used independently by any
number of protection stages. See Programmable dependent time curves,
page 233.
Local panel graph

Easergy P5 protection relay shows a graph of the currently used dependent delay
on the local panel display. The up and down keys can be used for zooming. Also
the delays at 20 x Iset, 4 x Iset, 2 x Iset and 1.05 x Iset are shown.
Limitations
The minimum definite operation time starts when the measured value exceed the
GD30 value, which is varied for different curves.
Curve GD ( x GS)
IEC SI 30
IEC VI 30
IEC EI 20
IEC LTI 30
UK RECT 15
RI 36
IEEE MI 76
IEEE VI 76
IEEE EI 76
NI CO8 76
STI CO2 76
LTI CO5 76
MI CO7 76
VI CO9 76
EI CO11 76
IEC UTI 76
FR STI 76
30. Threshold of independent time operation
230 P5/EN M/44B

BPN 76
ANSI NI 76
ANSI STI 76
ANSI LTI 76
Standard dependent operation delay

The standard dependent operation delay curves follow the equation below:
 
 
 k 
t(s) = TMS ×  + c
(
α
 G ( −p 
 GS 
  P533OWB
where:
• t(s) is the operate time in seconds.
• G is the measured value.
• GS is the start value.
• TMS is Time Multiplier Setting.
Table 40 - IDMT operating characteristics
Description k c α p
according to
IEC60255-151
standard
Data attribute setParA setParB setParC setParD SetCharact
according to IEC
61850-7-3 standard
IEC Standard 0.14 0 0.02 1 9
Inverse (IEC/A)
IEC Very Inverse 13.5 0 1 1 10

(IEC/B)
IEC Extremely 80 0 2 1 12
Inverse (IEC/C)
IEC Long Time 120 0 1 1 14

Inverse
IEC Ultra Time 315.2 0 2.1 1 17
Inverse
Rectifier Inverse 45900 0 5.6 1 18
RI -4.2373 0 -1 1.43644 19
FR Short Time 0.05 0 0.04 1 20
Inverse
BPN (EDF) 1000 0.655 2 1 21
IEEE Moderately 0.0515 0.114 0.02 1 4

Inverse (IEC/D)
IEEE Very Inverse 19.61 0.491 2 1 2

(IEC/E)
IEEE Extremely 28.2 0.1217 2 1 1

Inverse (IEC/F)
Short-Time Inverse 0.1052 0.0262 0.8 1 22

(CO2)
P5/EN M/44B 231

Table 40 - IDMT operating characteristics (Continued)
Description k c α p
according to
IEC60255-151
standard
Data attribute setParA setParB setParC setParD SetCharact
according to IEC
61850-7-3 standard
Long-Time Inverse 4.842 1.967 1.1 1 23
(CO5)
Moderately Inverse 0.0094 0.0366 0.02 1 24

(CO7)
Inverse (CO8) 5.95 0.18 2 1 25
Very Inverse (CO9) 4.12 0.0958 2 1 26
Extremely Inverse 5.57 0.028 2 1 27

(CO11)
ANSI Normally 8.9341 0.17966 2.0938 1 29

Inverse
ANSI Short Time 0.2663 0.03393 1.2969 1 30
Inverse
ANSI Long Time 5.6143 2.18592 1 1 31
Inverse
NOTE:
• SetCharact is for DT curve: 5.
• The effective operate value GT defined in IEC 60255-151 is equal to 1.05
x GS.
Standard dependent reset delay

After the IDMT time elapses, the operation timer is reset when the start signal
goes low, according to the following equation:
 
 
 tr 
treset (I) = TMS ×  
(
p
1 − G ( 
 GS 
  P533OXB
The reset time characteristic is defined by a setting in the protection stage. The
allowed settings are dependent on the operate curve as shown in the table.
Table 41 - IDMT reset time
Operating curve Reset curve

IDMT DT
tr(s) P
DT - - Yes
IEC Standard Inverse (IEC/A) 8.2 6.45 Yes
IEC Very Inverse (IEC/B) 50.92 2.4 Yes
IEC Extremely Inverse (IEC/C) 44.1 3.03 Yes
IEC Long Time Inverse) 40.62 0.4 Yes
IEC Ultra Time Inverse - - Yes
232 P5/EN M/44B

Table 41 - IDMT reset time (Continued)
Operating curve Reset curve

IDMT DT
tr(s) P
Rectifier Inverse - - Yes

RI - - Yes
FR Short Time Inverse - - Yes
BPN (EDF) - - Yes
IEEE Moderately Inverse (IEC/D) 4.85 2 Yes
IEEE Very Inverse (IEC/E) 21.6 2 Yes
IEEE Extremely Inverse (IEC/F) 29.1 2 Yes
Short-Time Inverse (CO2) 0.1052 2 Yes
Long-Time Inverse (CO5) 4.842 2 Yes
Moderately Inverse (CO7) 0.0094 2 Yes
Inverse (CO8) 5.95 2 Yes
Very Inverse (CO9) 4.12 2 Yes
Extremely Inverse (CO11) 5.57 2 Yes
ANSI Normally Inverse 9 2 Yes
ANSI Short Time Inverse 0.5 2 Yes

ANSI Long Time Inverse 15.75 2 Yes
The TMS (inverse time coefficient) of the IDMT reset curve is the one defined for
the operating curve.
For all operating curves not listed in the table above, the reset curve is of DT type.
Programmable dependent time curves

Programming dependent time curves requires eSetup Easergy Pro setting tool
and rebooting the unit.
The [current, time] curve points are programmed using eSetup Easergy Pro PC
program. There are some rules for defining the curve points:
• the configuration must begin from the top line
• the line order must be as follows: the smallest current (longest operate time)
on the top and the largest current (shortest operate time) on the bottom
• all unused lines (on the bottom) should be filled with I/Istart = 1 and operate
time = 0.00 s
Here is an example configuration of curve points:
Table 42 - Example configuration of curve points
Point Current I/Istart Operate delay
1 1.00 10.00 s
2 2.00 6.50 s
3 5.00 4.00 s
4 10.00 3.00 s
5 20.00 2.00 s
6 40.00 1.00 s
7 1.00 0.00 s
P5/EN M/44B 233

Table 42 - Example configuration of curve points (Continued)
Point Current I/Istart Operate delay
8 1.00 0.00 s
9 1.00 0.00 s
10 1.00 0.00 s
11 1.00 0.00 s
12 1.00 0.00 s
13 1.00 0.00 s
14 1.00 0.00 s
15 1.00 0.00 s
16 1.00 0.00 s
234 P5/EN M/44B

Cold load pick-up

Description
Cold load pick-up
The cold load pickup function detects that a cold load condition exists and
provides an information to optionally change the selected current protection
settings for defined duration of time after energisation of the load.
A situation is regarded as cold load when all the three phase currents have been
below a given idle value for longer than the cold time setting and then at least one
of the currents exceeds a given pick-up level within 80 ms. In such a case, the
cold load detection signal is activated and will keep active for "CLPU time delay"
for a given time. This signal is available for the output matrix and blocking matrix.
Application for cold load detection

Right after closing a circuit breaker, a given amount of overload can be allowed for
a given limited time to take care of situations where a load has been de-energised
for an extended period of time and is then re-energised. This applies particularly to
applications such as motor loads (e.g., compressor motor inside air conditioning
loads) or thermostatically controlled heating of water where the load current is
much greater for a cold load than when it is operating normally. So, the cold load
pickup function can improve the profiling of overcurrent protection settings to
dynamic load situations caused by load de-energisation.
Example
Figure 157 - Functionality of cold load current feature
1 3 4
A
2
C P533AHB
A Pick-up value B Idle state
C Cold load
1. No activation because the current has not been under the set Idle current.
2. Current dropped under the Idle current level but now it stays between the Idle
current and the pick-up current for over 80 ms.
3. No activation because the phase two lasted longer than 80 ms.
4. Now we have a cold load activation which lasts as long as the “CLPU time
delay” was set or as long as the current stays above the pick-up setting.
P5/EN M/44B 235

Characteristics
Table 43 - Settings and characteristics of cold load pick-up function
Settings/characteristics Value
(description/label)
Idle current/Idle current

Range 0.01...0.50 pu31
Resolution 0.01 pu31
Pickup current/Pickup
Range 0.30...10.00 pu31
CLPU dead time/Dead time

Setting range 0.10...14400.00 s
Resolution 0.01 s
CLPU time delay/Max time
Resolution 0.01 s
Accuracy 1% or ±20 ms
31. Nominal CT Rating
236 P5/EN M/44B

Selective Overcurrent Logic (SOL)

Description
The Selective Overcurrent Logic (SOL) function, can considerably reduce the
tripping time of the circuit breakers closest to the source, compared to a pure time
discrimination, and may be used for logic discrimination in closed ring networks
also using directional protection.
SOL function is applied to the non-directional/directional phase overcurrent
protection (ANSI 50/51/67), non-directoinal/directional earth/ground fault
overcurrent protection (ANSI 50N/51N/50G/51G/67N), definite time and IDMT.
With Easergy P5 protection relays, the discrimination can be done in two different
ways:
• Logic overcurrent stages protection functions that send SOL signals
(downstream protection) and that may be prevented from tripping by the
reception of SOL signals (upstream protection).
• Time-based overcurrent stages: protection stages that may delayed by SOL
signals (upstream protection). They are used as backup for the logic
overcurrent stages.
When a fault occurs:
• Any downstream protection can activate the SOL function through the output
matrix, so that the SOL function can send a SOL signal to the upstream
protections.
• At the reception of the SOL signal by the upstream protection, the latter
changes its operating delay from operate delay to SOL operate delay. When
the upstream protection is using IDMT delay, SOL will also have impact on
the curve settings.
Operation
To implement the SOL function, downstream and upstream protection should be
set as follows:
Set the downstream protection to send the SOL1 trip signal to upstream relay:
1. Check the Enable for SOL box in the Selective overcurrent logic view of
PROTECTION Menu in Easergy Pro.
2. Select from the drop-down list of SOL signal number.
3. Set the value of CB trip clearing time.
4. Switch to MATRIX menu/Output matrix submenu, configure the Easergy P5
output matrix:
Connect the start signals of the different protections involved in the logic
discrimination to the SOLxStart (x = 1 or 2) signal, then connect the SOLx trip
(x = 1 or 2) signal to a dedicated contact relay or GOOSE output.
Set the upstream protection to receive the SOLx trip signal:
1. Configure the Easergy P5 output matrix:
Connect the dedicated logic input (DI or GOOSE input signal), linked with the
downstream SOLx trip signal, to the SOL Inputx signal.
2. Switch to PROTECTION menu, select specific protection function in the left
column, set the SOL status to the value "SOLx"
3. Set the SOL operate delay to a value higher than the value of the setting
Operate delay.
Up to two output signals can be provided by the SOL function.
The value of the setting SOL operate delay should be greater than the value of
the setting Operate delay in the overcurrent protection plus the value of the
setting CB trip clearing time in the SOL function. The setting SOL operate delay
P5/EN M/44B 237

can make sure the downstream protection tripping with selectivity. The setting CB
trip clearing time is used to set the release time of the SOL trip signal for the
downstream protection.
If a fault occurs at downstream, the downstream protection issues a trip command
to isolate the fault according the value of the setting Operate delay. Then a global
trip signal is activated by the trip signal. At the same time, a timer with the value of
the setting CB trip clearing time is triggered by the global trip signal and starts
timing. If the downstream protection successfully isolates the fault, the SOL signal
is released and all the P5 relays of the upstream protection will be reset. If the
downstream protection cannot clear the fault due to a CB fail, when the tripping
duration time of the downstream protection exceeds the value of the setting CB
trip clearing time, consequently upstream protection nearest to the downstream
protection will switch the value of the setting SOL operate delay to the value of
the setting Operate delay due to no reception of the SOL signal. Then the
protection will trip immediately.
The SOL operate delay of the upstream protection usually takes into account the
breaking device operating time and the protection reset time.
Downstream
Relay Prot. Start
CB Failure!
Matrix = Operate delay T
Prot. Trip
SOLx Start
SOLx Trip SOL CB Trip

Clearing Time Setting
Wire connection
or GOOSE message
Upstream
Relay
Digital Inputx
Matrix
“SOL operate delay” is selected
for Operate delay
SOL Status comparison
Prot. Start
= Operate delay T
< SOL operate delay setting

Prot. Trip
Trip immediately when SOL Status
change from ON to OFF P533R0B
NOTE: Normally Prot.Start/Prot.Trip means the start/trip signal of over current

protection or earth/ground fault protection (50/51/67/50N/51N/50G/51G/67N).
SOL operation delay setting should be greater than “Operation delay T + SOL
CB Trip Clearing Time Setting”.
238 P5/EN M/44B

Example 1
Figure 158 - Example 1: Radial distribution with use of time-based
discrimination
0.6
0.4
0.2
T: operate delay setting in protection function

The upstream protection units are typically delayed by 0.2 s to give the
downstream protection units time to trip. When there are many levels of
discrimination, the protection tripping time at the source is long. In this example, if
the protection tripping time for the protection unit furthest downstream is Xs = 0.2
s, the protection tripping time at the source is T = Xs + 0.6 s = 0.8 s.
Example 2
Figure 159 - Example 2: Radial distribution with use of logic discrimination
Bay
A
0 V
0 VA
0 kW
0 kVAr
0 Hz
0
Bay
A
0 V
0 VA
0 kW
0 kVAr
0 Hz
0
Bay
A
0 V
0 VA
0 kW
0 kVAr
0 Hz
0
SOL
Bay
A
0 V
0 VA
0 kW
0 kVAr
0 Hz
0
P533S3B
T: operate delay setting in protection function

When a fault appears, the protection units that detect it inhibit the upstream
protection units by switching to the SOL operate delay setting. The protection unit
furthest downstream trips since it is not blocked by another protection unit. The
delays are to be set in accordance with the device to be protected.
P5/EN M/44B 239

Closed ring network application

The SOL function can support the closed ring network which includes two
substations application, each of which comprises two Easergy P5 relays, marked
R11, R12 and R21, R22. Each of the Easergy P5 relay configures different
directional overcurrent units (stages).
R21 R22 R12 R11

Bay Bay Bay Bay Bay
A A A A A
0 V 0 V 0 V 0 V 0 V
0 VA 0 VA 0 VA 0 VA 0 VA
0 kW 0 kW 0 kW 0 kW 0 kW
0 kVAr 0 kVAr 0 kVAr 0 kVAr 0 kVAr
0 Hz 0 Hz 0 Hz 0 Hz 0 Hz
0 0 0 0 0
SOL2 SOL2 SOL2 SOL2 Bay

A
0 V
0 VA
0 kW
0 kVAr
0 Hz
0
51 67/2 67/2 67/2 67/2
SOL1 SOL1 SOL1 SOL1
67/1 67/1 67/1 67/1 51
B A
A Substation 1 B Substation 2
Starting at one end of the ring, the detection direction of Easergy P5 unit 1 and 2
of the directional protection functions should be alternated between line and
busbars.
Characteristics
Settings and characteristics Values
Enable for SOL/SOL

Options32 Disabled; Enabled
SOL1Start
Options32 -; Trip
SOL2Start
Options32 -; Trip
SOL signal number/SOL op number
Range 1, 2
CB trip clearing time/CB trip time
Resolution 0.01 s
32. Configured via Output Matrix
240 P5/EN M/44B

Incomer fault locator (ANSI 21FL)

Description
The Easergy P5 protection relay can locate a short-circuit in a radial operated
network.
The fault location is given in reactance (ohms) and kilometers or miles. The fault
value can then be exported, for example, with an event to a Distribution
Management System (DMS). The system can then localise the fault. If a DMS is
not available, the distance to the fault is displayed as kilometers, and as a
reactance value. However, the distance value is valid only if the line reactance is
set correctly. Furthermore, the line should be homogenous, that is, the wire type of
the line should be the same for the whole length. If there are several wire types on
the same line, an average line reactance value can be used to get an approximate
distance value to the fault. Names and reactance values for widely used overhead
wires are:
• Sparrow: 0.408 ohms/km or 0.656 ohms/mile
• Raven: 0.378 ohms/km or 0.608 ohms/mile
NOTE: The fault locator is normally used in the incoming bay of the
substation. Therefore, the fault location is obtained for the whole network with
just one Easergy P5 protection relay, by compensating the effect of the
healthy feeders.
The incomer short circuit fault locator operates if:
• The Easergy P5 protection relay is located in the incoming feeder.
• The CTs and VTs are connected such that the fault is seen in the forwards
direction. Any fault seen in the reverse direction will not produce a fault
location result.
Figure 160 - Example of fault on feeder detected by the incomer fault

detector
Easergy P5
P533AJB
The algorithm functions in the following order:

1. The needed measurements (phase currents and phase to phase voltages)
are continuously available.
2. The fault distance calculation can be triggered in two ways:
• By opening a feeder circuit breaker due to a fault and sudden increase in
phase currents (Enable incomer fault locator + Triggering digital input).
• Another option is to use only the sudden increase in the phase currents
(Enable incomer fault locator).
3. Phase currents and voltages are registered in three stages: before the fault,
during the fault and after the faulty feeder circuit breaker was opened.
4. The fault distance quantities are calculated.
5. Two phases with the biggest fault current are selected.
6. The load currents are compensated.
7. The faulty line length reactance is calculated.
P5/EN M/44B 241

VA - VB
ZAB =
IA - IB - Ipre-fault P533AKB
VA Phase A to ground voltage
VB Phase B to ground voltage
IA Phase A current
IB Phase B current
Ipre-fault Pre-fault load current
The reference current setting is used to start the calculation of the fault locator
based on the pre-fault current magnitude. The calculation can be triggered by a
digital or logic input.
Example
An application example where the fault location algorithm is used at the incomer
side is presented below. The settings of the Incomer fault locator function is
configured in the PROTECTION menu/Incomer fault locator sub-menu.
Figure 161 - Illustration of the fault location algorithm used at the incomer
side
dI
I
A B D
C P533R1B
A Pre-fault time more than 2 s B In order to calculate the fault location,

the fault current must be present for at
least 0.08 s and last no longer than 1
s
C When the digital input is used D Post-fault only few cycles
together with the current change, the
input signal has to be activated at
least 0.5 s after the fault occurs
242 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 44 - Setting parameters of incomer fault locator
Parameter Value Unit Default Description
Triggering digital Selection of one - - Trigger mode (= triggering

input (Trig DI) digital input (DI), based on sudden increase
one virtual input of phase current, otherwise
(VI), one virtual sudden increase of phase
output (VO), or current + DIx/VIx)
one function key
(Fx)
Line reactance/ 0.010...10.000 Ohm 0.389 Per unit (positive-sequence)

unit (Xline) reactance of the line. This
value is only used to convert
the fault reactance to the
distance per set unit
(kilometers or miles).
Current change 0.10...8.00 pu 0.5 Trig current (sudden

to trig (dI) increase of phase current)
Blocked before 10...600 s 70 Blocks function for this time

next trig after trigger. This is used for
blocking calculation during
auto-reclosing sequences.
Xmax limit 0.5...500.0 Ohm 500.0 Limit for maximum

reactance. If the reactance
value is above the set limit,
the calculation result is not
shown.
Unit Editable for user - km -
Event Disabled; - Enabled Event mask

Enabled
Accept zero pre- Disabled; - Disabled -
fault current Enabled
Table 45 - Measured and recorded values of incomer short circuit fault

locator
Parameter Unit Description
Measured values/ Distance fault km Distance to fault

recorded values
XFlt Ohm Fault reactance
Date - Fault date
Time hh:mm:ss: Fault time
mss
Cntr - Number of faults
Pre A Current before fault (= load current)
Fault A Fault current

Post A Current after fault
V drop % Voltage drop during the fault
Duration s Fault duration

Type - Fault type (1-2, 2-3, 1-3, 1-2-3)
P5/EN M/44B 243

Feeder fault locator (ANSI 21FL)

Description
The Easergy P5 protection relay can locate a short-circuit fault and an earth/
ground fault on the feeder itself in a radially operated networks. The fault location
function (ANSI code 21FL) is given as a reactance (ohms) and converted to
kilometers or miles. The fault value can then be exported, for example, with an
event to a Distribution Management System (DMS). The system can then localise
the fault. If a DMS is not available, the distance to the fault is displayed as
kilometers/miles and as a reactance value.
However, the distance value is valid only if the line reactance is set correctly.
Furthermore, the line should be homogenous, that is, the wire type of the line
should be the same for the whole length. If there are several wire types on the
same line, an average line reactance value can be used to get an approximate
distance value to the fault. Names and reactance values for widely used overhead
wires are:
• Sparrow: 0.408 ohms/km or 0.656 ohms/mile
• Raven: 0.378 ohms/km or 0.608 ohms/mile
When the feeder fault locator is calculating short-circuit impedance, the following
formula is used:
VA - VB
ZAB =
IA - I B P533ANB
VB Phase B to ground voltage
IA Phase A current
IB Phase B current
When the feeder fault locator is calculating ground fault impedance, the following
is used (e.g. for phase A):
VA
ZA =
IA + k IN P533APB
IA Phase A current
k Earth/ground factor k, needs to be set by user
IN Earth/ground fault overcurrent, calculated from phase currents (IN.calc)
IN.calc = IA + IB + IC P533ARB
The earth/ground factor k is calculated with the following formula:

k = (Z0L- Z1L) / (3 x Z1L)
where:
Z0L = Zero sequence line impedance
Z1L = Positive sequence line impedance
Fault reactance calculation is triggered if the start value is exceeded or both “Start
setting” and “Triggering digital input” terms are fulfilled. When used, “Triggering
digital input” can be either digital or virtual input.
244 P5/EN M/44B

Example
An application example where the fault location algorithm is used at the feeder
side is presented below. The settings of the feeder fault locator function is
configured in the PROTECTION menu/Feeder fault locator sub-menu.
Figure 162 - Illustration of the fault location algorithm used at the feeder side
I dI
A B D
C
P533R2B
A Pre-fault time more than 2 s B In order to calculate the fault location

the fault current must be present for at
least 0.08 s and last no longer than 1
s
C When the digital input is used D Post-fault only few cycles
together with the current change, the
input signal has to be activated at
least 0.5 s after the fault occurs
Characteristics
Table 46 - Settings and characteristics of the feeder fault locator function
(ANSI 21FL)
Pick-up value 0.10...5.00 pu33 1.2 Current limit for triggering.
Triggering digital Selection of one - - Trigger mode (= triggering based on

input digital input (DI), sudden increase of phase current,
one virtual input otherwise sudden increase of
(VI), one virtual phase current + DIx/VIx/VOx/Fx)
output (VO), or
one function key
(Fx)
Average voltage 0.01...0.90 pu34 0.02 Pick-up value for average voltage
limit
Io limit 0.10...5.00 pu33 0.50 If the measured Io35 is above this
limit, an earth fault has occurred
(otherwise, there is a short-circuit
fault).
DI timeout 0.02...2.00 s 0.50 DI time out delay
Line reactance/ 0.010...10.000 Ohm 0.491 Per unit positive-sequence

unit (Xline) reactance of the line. This value is
only used to convert the fault
33. Inom = phase CT primary nominal

34. Vnom = VT primary nominal (PP)
35. Io = IN.calc
P5/EN M/44B 245

Table 46 - Settings and characteristics of the feeder fault locator function

(ANSI 21FL) (Continued)
reactance to the distance per set

unit (kilometers or miles).
Earth factor 0.000...10.000 - 0.678 Calculated earth factor from line

specifications.
Earth factor -60... +60 ° 10 Angle of calculated earth factor

angle from line specifications.
Unit km - km Unit of distance

Event enabling Off; On - On Event mask
Table 47 - Measured and recorded values of feeder fault locator
Measured values/ Distance km Distance to the fault

recorded values
Xfault Ohm Fault reactance
Cntr - Number of faults
Type - Fault type:
IA-N, IB-N, IC-N;
IA, IB-N; IB, IC-N; IA, IC-N; IA-IB; IB-IC; IA-IC
IA-B-C; IA, B, C-N
246 P5/EN M/44B

Neutral admittance (ANSI 21YN)

Description
The neutral admittance protection function can be applied in high resistance
earthed/grounded, unearthed/ungrounded or compensated power system to
detect earth/ground fault with increased sensitivity. Two stages of the neutral
admittance protection are available in the Easergy P5 protection relay, each stage
has three elements: over-admittance (YN>1 or YN>2), over-conductance (GN > 1
or GN > 2) and over- susceptance (BN > 1 or BN > 2).
The neutral admittance Yn is calculated based on the neutral current IN and the
neutral voltage VN:
Yn = Gn + jBn = IN / -VN = 3IN / -3VN
The source of the neutral current is settable from the sensitive E/F CT, CSH core
balance CT, standard E/F CT, or the sum of three phase currents.
The neutral admittance protection is blocked if the following conditions are met:
• The neutral current is based on the sum of three phase currents
• The CTS supervision function detects a CT failure
• The CTS output signal is configured to block neutral admittance protection
through the blocking matrix
The source of the neutral voltage is from the direct measurement when the
Voltage mode is “+VN”, otherwise the source of the neutral voltage is from the
sum of three phase voltages. The neutral admittance protection is only active
when the neutral voltage VN is above the setting threshold.
The neutral admittance protection is also blocked if the following conditions are
met:
• The neutral voltage is based on the sum of three phase voltages
• The VTS supervision function detects a VT failure
• The VTS output signal is configured to block neutral admittance protection
through the blocking matrix
The settings of the admittance protection are based on the percentage of the rated
neutral admittance. The formula for calculating the rated neutral admittance are
listed in the table below.
Table 48 - Calculation of the rated neutral admittance
IN source VN source Rated neutral admittance (Yn)
Sensitive E/F CT VN Sensitive IN CT primary / (√3*VN primary)
Sensitive E/F CT (VA + VB + VC) Sensitive IN CT primary / (√3*VT primary)
CSH core balance CT VN Nominal IN.CSH / (√3*VN primary)
CSH core balance CT (VA + VB + VC) Nominal IN.CSH / (√3*VT primary)
Standard E/F CT VN EF CT primary / (√3*VN primary)
Standard E/F CT (VA + VB + VC) EF CT primary / (√3*VT primary)
(IA + IB + IC) VN CT primary / (√3*VN primary)
(IA + IB + IC) (VA + VB + VC) CT primary / (√3*VT primary)
P5/EN M/44B 247

Operation
Operation of admittance protection
The admittance protection is non-directional. Hence, provided the magnitude of
admittance exceeds the set value YN>1, the protection relay will operate.
Figure 163 - Admittance protection operation with non-directional

characteristic
Ys
A
* Y = G + jB Y > Ys
P533AUB
A Operate zone
Operation of conductance protection

The conductance protection may be set to non-directional, forward or reverse.
Hence, provided the magnitude and the directional criteria are met for
conductance, the Easergy P5 protection relay will operate. The correction angle
causes rotation of the directional boundary for conductance through the set
correction angle.
Figure 164 - Conductance protection operation characteristic
B B B
A A A A
G > Gs G < -Gs G < -Gs G > Gs
Gs G -Gs G -Gs Gs G
P533RYA
P533RZA
P533AVB
Conductance: Forward Conductance: Reverse Conductance: Non-directional
A Operate zone
NOTE:
Center of the characteristic area for forward direction occurs when IN is in
phase with -VN.
Assuming that the direction of the G axis is 0°. If the correction angle is set to
+30°, this rotates the boundary from 90°...270° to 60°...240°.
248 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 165 - Conductance protection operation characteristic with +30°

correction angle
+30° A
G > Gs
Gs G
P533AWB
A Operate zone
Operation of susceptance protection

The susceptance protection may be set to non-directional, forward or reverse.
Hence, provided the magnitude and the directional criteria are met for
susceptance, the Easergy P5 protection relay will operate. The correction angle
causes rotation of the directional boundary for susceptance through the set
correction angle.
Figure 166 - Susceptance protection operation characteristic
B B B
A A
B > Bs B > Bs
Bs Bs
G G G
-Bs -Bs
A A
B < -Bs B < -Bs
P533S1A
P533S2A
P533AXB
Susceptance: Forward Susceptance: Reverse Susceptance: Non-directional
A Operate zone
NOTE:
Center of characteristic area for forward direction occurs when IN leads -VN
by 90°.
Assuming that the direction of the G axis indicates 0°. If the correction angle is
set to +30°, this rotates the boundary from 0°...180° to 330°...150°.
P5/EN M/44B 249

Figure 167 - Susceptance protection operation characteristic with +30°

correction angle
A
B > Bs
+30°
P533AYB
A Operate zone
Block diagram
Figure 168 - Block diagram of the neutral admittance protection
>
Start
&
& Register event
Trip
YN > &
Register event
& Drop off
VN > &
Register event
IN >
Start
&
A & Register event
GN > Trip
&
Register event
Drop off
&
Register event
Start
&
& Register event
BN > Trip
&
Register event
Drop off
GN C &
Register event
B
BN D
Inhibit Ctrl
Block
VN Min(fixed) IN Min(fixed) VN>1 YN>1GN>1 BN>1 BN Direction mode Enable Determination

t> Reset time
Correction angle GN Direction mode SOL Mode SOL t>
P533AZB
A Admittance Calculation B Direction Determination
C GN Mode = Non dir or D BN Mode = Non dir or

GN Mode = GN dir BN Mode = BN dir
250 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 49 - Settings and characteristics of the neutral admittance protection
Settings/ Values
characteristics
(description/label)
Enable All YN>/All YN>36

Options Off/On
VN pick-up value/VN>
Setting range 0.005...0.800 pu37 for measured values

0.020...0.800 pu37 for calculated values
Resolution 0.001
Accuracy ±5%
Reset ratio 95% ± 2%

VN minimum
Value 0.004 pu37 (fixed) for measured values
0.019 pu37 (fixed) for calculated values
IN minimum
Value 0.1 A primary (fixed), for current measured by CSH core balance CT
(2A)
1 A primary (fixed), for current measured by CSH core balance CT (20A)
0.005 pu38 (fixed) for current measured by sensitive EF CT
0.02 pu38 (fixed) for current measured by standard EF CT
0.05 pu38 (fixed) for calculated EF current value
Enable YN>1/GN>1/BN>139
Options Off/On
Pick-up value/YN>1
Setting range (1%...200%) IN/VN40 for current measured by sensitive earth/ground

fault CTs
(5%...1000%) IN/VN40 for current measured by standard earth/ground
fault CTs
(25%...5000%) IN/VN40 for current measured by 2A CSH, 20A CSH, and
for current value that is calculated
Resolution 1% IN/VN40 for current measured by sensitive earth/ground fault CTs
5% IN/VN40 for current measured by standard earth/ground fault CTs
25% IN/VN40 for current measured by 2A CSH, 20A CSH, and for
current value that is calculated
Accuracy ±5%
Pick-up value/GN>1

fault CTs
fault CTs
Accuracy ±5%
Pick-up value/BN>1
36. General protection stage on/off control

38. Inom
39. This setting does not take effect if the general protection stage control is set to Off. See the previous footnote.
40. YN.nom
P5/EN M/44B 251

Table 49 - Settings and characteristics of the neutral admittance protection

(Continued)
Settings/ Values
characteristics
(description/label)

fault CTs
fault CTs
Accuracy ±5%
Direction mode/Direction mode

Options Non-dir; Forward; Reverse
Operate delay/Operate delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Accuracy ±5% or ±50 ms
SOL1/SOL1
Options Disable/Enable
SOL operate delay/SOL operate delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Reset delay/Reset delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Input for inhibit control/Inhibit control
Options Digital inputs and virtual inputs for selection
Characteristic time
Start time ≤ 65 ms at 2 YN>1
100 ms at maximum
Overshoot time ≤ 40 ms at 2 YN>1
Setting group/SetGrp
Number 4
41. YN.nom
252 P5/EN M/44B

Synchro-check (ANSI 25)

Description
The synchro-check function (ANSI code 25) checks the synchronisation of the
electrical networks on either side of a circuit breaker to avoid closing a breaker
when phases are not aligned. This helps ensure that circuit breaker contacts have
the minimum wear when closing and avoids excessive disturbance on the
network.
The Easergy P5 protection relay includes a function that checks synchronism
when the circuit breaker is open. The function monitors voltage amplitude,
frequency and phase angle difference between two voltages.
The synchro-check function operates in different conditions according to three
synchronisation modes: Sync, Async and Off.
In case that the synchro-check function is set to Sync mode, the conditions to
operate are defined as below:
• The phase angle difference is less than 2°;
• The frequency difference is less than the frequency difference setting;
• The magnitude difference is less than the voltage difference setting.
In case that the synchro-check function is set to Async mode, the conditions to
operate are defined as when the phase angle difference, the frequency difference,
and the magnitude difference are respectively below their setting values.
• The phase angle difference is less than the phase angle difference setting;
• The frequency difference is less than the frequency difference setting;
• The magnitude difference is less than the voltage difference setting.
In case that the synchro-check function is set to Off, the circuit breaker cannot be
closed when the voltage is present on both sides.
The synchro-check function is available when one of the following analogue
measurement modules and a suitable measuring mode is in use:
• VPP/VPPy
• 3VP/VPPy
• 3VP/VPy
• 2VPP+VN+VPPy
NOTE: The voltage used for synchro-check is the phase to phase voltage.
Where only phase to neutral is available the equivalent phase to phase
voltage will be calculated.
The synchro-check function operates for a power system frequency between 46
Hz and 64 Hz.
The following signals of the stage are available in the output matrix and in the logic
editor:
• “Request” signal
This signal is active when a request has been received but the breaker is not
yet closed.
• “OK” signal
This signal is active when the synchronising conditions are met, or the voltage
check criterion is met. See section "Voltage checking" below.
• “Fail” signal
This signal is activated, if the function fails to close the breaker within the
request timeout setting. See The principle of the synchro-check function,
page 254.
P5/EN M/44B 253

Figure 169 - The principle of the synchro-check function
Condition to operate
Synchro request
request timeout
Sync OK
OK pulse length
Sync fail
P533ALB
NOTE: The CB close time setting can be used to anticipate the closing of the
CB and meet all the conditions to operate.
Voltage checking
When one of the two voltage is absent, coupling may be authorised according to
one of the seven checking modes.
• VAB and VABy absent (DD)
• VAB absent and VABy present (DL)
• VAB present and VABy absent (LD)
• VAB absent regardless of VABy state (present or absent) (DD/DL)
• VABy absent regardless of VAB state (present or absent) (DD/LD)
• One voltage is present while the other one is absent (DL/LD)
• At least one voltage is absent (DD/DL/LD)
The presence of each voltage is detected by comparing the voltage to the Vlive
limit setting. The absence of each voltage is detected by comparing the voltage to
Vdead limit setting.
Synchro-check enable and bypass

In the application when circuit breaker closing should be guaranteed by synchro-
check result, a parameter to define the circuit breaker should be configured,
otherwise synchro-check result will not impact on the close operation, this
parameter can be found under Protection menu/Sync-check sub-menu/CB
object 1. Sometimes there are also the request to bypass sync-check result, this
is also available in Easergy P5, which can be realised via the "Bypass" parameter
under Protection menu/Sync-check sub-menu.
254 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 170 - Block diagram of the synchro-check protection function (ANSI 25)
F |ΔF| < df &

Fy
VAB |ΔV| < dv sync ok

VABy
|Δφ| < dφ
&
< 2° sync ok
VAB > &
VABy >
≥1
close enable
< & DO
≥1 DD/DL/LD
< ≥1
DD/DL
LD T 0 no voltage
&
≥1
DL/LD
& DL
≥1
DD/DL
no VAB
no VABy
Async mode Vdead Voltage mode

Sync mode Vlive
P533AOB
A Async B Sync
Characteristics
Table 50 - Setting and characteristics of the synchro-check function (ANSI
25)
Settings/characteristics Values
(description/label)
Synchronisation mode/Synchro mode
Options Off; Async; Sync
Voltage check mode/Voltage mode
Options DD; DL; LD; DD/DL; DD/LD; DL/LD; DD/DL/LD
CB close time/CB close time

Resolution 0.01 s
Vdead limit setting/Vdead
Setting range 0.01...1.20 pu42
42. VT Primary nominal
P5/EN M/44B 255

Table 50 - Setting and characteristics of the synchro-check function (ANSI

25) (Continued)
(description/label)
Accuracy ±0.03 pu43 or 3% of the setting
Vlive limit setting/Vlive
Accuracy 0.03 pu43
Frequency difference/Frequency diff
Setting range 0.01...1.00 Hz
Resolution 0.01 Hz
Accuracy ±20 mHz
Hysteresis < 10 mHz
Voltage difference/Voltage diff
Accuracy ±0.03 pu44
Phase angle difference/Angle diff
Setting range 2°...90°
Resolution 1°
Accuracy ±2° when Δf < 0.2 Hz; else ±5°
Request timeout/Request time
Resolution 0.1 s
Stage operation range
Frequency range 46...64 Hz
Setting groups/SetGrp
Number 4

44. Vnom
256 P5/EN M/44B

Undervoltage (ANSI 27)

Description
The Undervoltage protection function (ANSI code 27) is used to detect voltage
dips or sense abnormally low voltages to trip or trig load shedding or load transfer.
The function provides the selection of three phase to phase voltages or three
phase to ground voltages for comparison with the voltage threshold. Each phase
can start or trip independently. If the fault situation remains on longer than the
operate time setting, a trip signal is issued.
This function operates with either the definite time delay or inverse time delay or
programmable curves. These 3 options could be set in Operating curve parameter
by eSetup Easergy Pro. The inverse time delay characteristic follows the equation
below:
t(G) = T
1 (G
GS ) P533ORB
where:
• t(G) is the theoretical operate time in seconds with constant value of G.
• T is the time delay setting (theoretical operate time for G = 0).
• G is the measured value of the characteristic quantity.
• GS is the setting value.
The [voltage, time] curve points are programmed using eSetup Easergy Pro.
There are some rules for defining the curve points:
• the configuration must begin from the top line
• the line order must be as follows: the smallest voltage (shortest operate time)
on the top and the largest voltage (longest operate time) on the bottom
• all unused lines (on the bottom) should be filled with G/GS= 1.00 and operate
time = 0.00 s
Here is an example configuration of curve points:
Table 51 - Example configuration of curve points
Point Voltage (pu) Operate delay(s)
1 0.10 0.00 s
2 0.10 0.10 s
3 0.70 0.10 s
4 0.70 0.50 s
5 0.90 1.00 s
6 1.00 0.00 s
7 1.00 0.00 s
8 1.00 0.00 s
9 1.00 0.00 s
10 1.00 0.00 s
11 1.00 0.00 s
12 1.00 0.00 s
13 1.00 0.00 s
14 1.00 0.00 s
15 1.00 0.00 s
16 1.00 0.00 s
P5/EN M/44B 257

Reset delay
The V< stage has a settable reset delay that enables the detection of intermittent
faults. This means that the time counter of the protection function does not reset
immediately after the fault is cleared, but resets after the release delay has
elapsed. If the fault appears again before the release delay time has elapsed, the
delay counter continues from the previous value. This means that the function
eventually trips if faults are occurring often enough.
Blocking during voltage transformer fuse failure

At all the protection stages, the undervoltage function can be blocked with any
internal or external signal using the block matrix. The blocking signal can also be a
signal from the custom logic (refer to Logic functions, page 449).
The VTS fast alarm output can be used to block undervoltage protection function
as internal signals. Refer to Voltage transformer supervision (ANSI 60), page 491.
This function can also be blocked when circuit breaker is opened and the setting
“CB open blocking” is ON.
Operate mode
The setting "Tripping logic" shall be available to configure the operate mode.
When "Tripping logic" is "Any Phase", the signal "General Trip" is ON when any
phase operates. When "Tripping logic" is "Three Phases", the signal "General
Trip" is ON when all three phases operate.
Three independent stages

There are three separately adjustable stages: V<1, V<2 and V<3. All these stages
have the same settings and performance.
258 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 171 - Block diagram of the Undervoltage protection function (ANSI
27)
VA/VAB & A Start

<
VA &
Register event
VB/VBC B Start
&
VB A <
& Register event
VC/VCA & C Start

VC <
& &
Register event
≥1
A Trip
& Register event
VTS Block ≥1
&
Block
≥1
B Trip
CB Open Blocking & Register event
&
≥1
C Trip
& Register event
≥1
General Start
Trip Logic Check
≥1
General Trip
Measurement mode Pick-up value DT / IDMT IDMT characteristic Enable events
(*) Reset time
P533OSB
A Select setting
Figure 172 - Block diagram of the Tripping Logic
B &
A
≥1
VA / VAB Start ≥1
VB / VBC Start Trip Logic Check
VC / VCA Start
&
&
Tripping logic
P533OTB
A Select setting B “Any ph”
C “Three ph”
P5/EN M/44B 259

Characteristics
Table 52 - Settings and characteristics of the Undervoltage protection (ANSI
27)
(description/label)
Enable V</V<
Options Off/On
Pick-up value/Pick-up value
Accuracy ±2% or ±0.0005 pu45
CB open blocking/CB open blocking
Options Off/On
Measurement mode/Meas mode

Options Phase-phase; Phase-ground
Operating curve/Operating curve
Options DT; IDMT; Prg1-3
Tripping logic/Tripping logic
Options Any phase; Three phases
Resolution 0.01 s
Accuracy DT: ±1% or ±10 ms
IDMT: ±5% or ±20 ms
Resolution 0.01 s
Hysteresis/Hysteresis
Setting range 1.0%...5.0%
Resolution 1.0%
Accuracy ±2%
Characteristic times
Start time < 40 ms/35 ms with high speed
Disengaging time < 60 ms/75 ms with high speed
Overshoot time < 30 ms

Number 4
45. Vnom = VT primary nominal (PP) or Vnom/√3 = VT primary nominal (PN) depending on measurement mode parameter setting.
260 P5/EN M/44B

Positive sequence undervoltage (ANSI 27P)

Description
This is a protection function (ANSI code 27P) for motors against faulty operations
due to insufficient or unbalanced power system voltage. There are special self-
blocking features for starting up and shutting down a motor.
This undervoltage protection function calculates the positive sequence of the
fundamental frequency component V1.
By using the positive sequence, all three phases are supervised, with one value,
and if the motor looses the connection to the network (loss of mains), the
undervoltage situation is detected even if the frequency decreases significantly
from nominal frequency.
Whenever the positive sequence voltage V1 drops below the start setting of a
particular stage, this stage activates and a start signal is issued. If the fault
situation remains on longer than the time defined in the operate time setting, a trip
signal is issued.
Blocking during VT fuse failure

Like all the protection stages, the positive sequence undervoltage function can be
blocked with any internal or external signal using the block matrix, for example, if
the secondary voltage of one of the measuring transformers disappears because
of a fuse failure. The blocking signal can also be a signal from the user's logic.
Self-blocking at low voltage

The protection is blocked when the biggest of the three phase to phase voltages is
below the low voltage block limit setting (refer to Positive sequence undervoltage
state and block limit, page 262).
Block according to circuit breaker position

The positive sequence undervoltage protection is blocked when the circuit breaker
is open or in undefined status.
Two independent stages

There are two separately adjustable stages: V1<1 and V1<2. Both stages can be
configured for definite time (DT) operate characteristic.
P5/EN M/44B 261

Figure 173 - Positive sequence undervoltage state and block limit
positive sequence voltage V1

E I
C K
dead band
V1<1 value
H
D
B F
block limit
J
A G
time
V1<1 start P533B0B
A The maximum phase to phase voltage is below G The maximum phase to phase voltage
the block limit. This is not regarded as an is below the block limit and this is not
undervoltage situation. regarded as an undervoltage situation.
B The maximum phase to phase voltage is above H Same as B.

the block limit but below the start level.
However, this is not regarded as an
undervoltage situation because the voltage has
never been above the start level since being
below the block limit.
C The voltage is OK because it is above the pick- I The voltage is OK.
up value.
D This is an undervoltage situation. J Same as G.
E The voltage is OK. K The voltage is OK.
F This is an undervoltage situation.
Block diagram
Figure 174 - Block diagram for the positive sequence undervoltage
protection
Start
&
Register event
VAB Max
> &
VBC & 0 t Trip
VCA
CB not closed
&
V1< < Register event
LV block Pick-up value Operate delay Enable events

P533B1B
262 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristic
Table 53 - Settings and characteristics of the positive sequence
undervoltage protection stages V1<1 and V1<2
(description/label)
Accuracy ±1%
Reset ratio 105%
Resolution 0.01 s
Under voltage blocking/LV block47
Reset value 1.05 pick-up value
Accuracy ±2%

Number 4
46. Vnom/√3
47. Common settings for setting group 1, 2, 3, 4.
P5/EN M/44B 263

Directional power (ANSI 32)

Description
Directional power protection function (ANSI code 32) can be used, for example, to
disconnect a motor in case the supply voltage is lost and thus help prevent power
generation by the motor. It can also be used to detect loss of load of a motor.
Directional power protection function is sensitive to active power. If the fault
situation stays on longer than the delay setting, a trip signal is issued.
Figure 175 - Example of loss of load Figure 176 - Example of a motor

working as a generator
Q
Q
P
P
A B
P533B2B A B
P533B3B
A Reverse zone B Forward zone
The start setting range is from -200% to +200% of the nominal apparent power Sn.
The nominal apparent power is determined by the configured voltage and current
transformer values according to equation below.
Sn = 3 Vnom Inom P533B4B
There are two identical stages available with independent setting parameters.
Each stage is deactivated if the maximum voltage of all phases drops below 5% of
the nominal voltage value.
Block diagram
Figure 177 - Block diagram of the directional power protection
Start
P >0 <
0
VAB Max Trip
VBC < 5% VN
&
Register event
VCA
<0 >
&
Register event
P< / P<< t< / t<< Enable events

P533B5B
264 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 54 - Settings and characteristics of the directional power protection
(description/label)
Setting range -200.0%...+200.0% Sn48
Resolution 0.5%
Accuracy ±3% or ±0.5% Sn
Reset ratio 105% ± 3% if P > 0;

95% ± 3% if P < 0
Hysteresis minimum 2.5 W secondary
Resolution 0.1 s
Accuracy ±1% or ± 150 ms
Start time < 250 ms
Disengaging time < 500 ms
Number 4
48. Snom = √3 x Vnom x Inom
P5/EN M/44B 265

Wattmetric earth/ground fault (32N)

Description
The wattmetric earth/ground fault protection function (ANSI code 32N) is a
directional earth/ground fault protection adapted for compensated neutral power
systems (i.e. Petersen-coil earthed/grounded) in which the resistive part of the
earth/ground fault current is large enough (typically greater than 5 A).
The settings of the wattmetric earth/ground fault protection are based on the
fundamental component of the neutral current and of the neutral voltage. The
protection operates with a detection of restriking faults.
The protection calculates the active and reactive neutral powers as follows:
PN = IN x VN x cosφN
QN = IN x VN x sinφN
where
IN = IA + IB + IC P533B6B
VN = VA + VB + VC P533B7B
The Pick-up value setting of neutral power setting in percentage of PN.

NOTE: Connect the VN signal according to the connection diagram to achieve
correct polarisation.
The wattmetric earth/ground fault protection provides 2 operating zones,
separated by a non-detection zone:
• Forward fault zone
The forward zone is intended to issue a signal or trip command during a fault
at the downstream side of the protection.
• Backward fault zone
The backward zone is intended to issue a signal during a fault at the
upstream side of the protection.
The two zone area are defined by a pickup sector setting.
If the direction mode is set to Reverse, the wattmetric earth/ground fault protection
operates in upstream fault zone.
266 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 178 - Operating zones of the wattmetric earth/ground fault protection
Q0
A B
P0
C
D P533B8B
A Forward zone B Reverse zone

C Pick-up value D Pick-up value
The protection is deactivated if the neutral voltage is lower than VN pick-up value
setting.
Four memory modes

The detection of current faults is controlled by a memory hold time that extends
the transient pick-up information enabling the operation of the definite time delay
even if the faults are rapidly extinguished (< 1.5 ms) and restrike rapidly and
periodically.
The wattmetric protection can be used in different modes:
• Fault memory based on voltage
The detection of current faults is controlled by the presence of neutral voltage
that extends the transient pick-up information enabling the operation of the
definite time delay even if the faults are rapidly extinguished and restrike
rapidly and periodically. The level of the neutral voltage is settable.
• Fault memory based on the time memory
The detection of current faults is controlled by a memory hold time that
extends the transient pick-up information enabling the operation of the
definite time delay even if the faults are rapidly extinguished and restrike
rapidly and periodically. The memory time is settable (Memory time).
• Both criteria
The protection operates with both, memory time and and memory neutral
voltage.
• Without memory criteria
When the fault is detected, the start signal is raised after confirmation. Neither
memory time nor neutral voltage memory is taken into account.
P5/EN M/44B 267

Operation
With a Petersen coil system, the current in a faulty feeder is usually inductive and
in a healthy feeder, capacitive.
For the forward output, a confirmation is applied on the start signal, because the
wattmetric is based on active power and when a restriking fault occurs with a
Petersen coil system, the following phenomenon needs to be considered:
For the backward output, the wattmetric protection is able to detect the capacitive
current circulation in healthy feeders, to see that the fault is on upstream side:
• In steady state, this capacitive current has a phase-shift of 90° with the
neutral voltage. So this capacitive current is not detected because it is outside
the backward characteristic, symmetrical to forward area.
• During the transient, the capacitive current goes first in the backward area,
before to go outside with at the end a phase-shift of 90°. This transient signal
is not used to detect a backward fault with capacitive current, but mainly to
block other protection functions of healthy feeders. This can be the case
when a HV/MV transformer supplies two incomers at the same time (see
Faulty feeder vs. healthy feeder, page 268).
Figure 179 - Faulty feeder vs. healthy feeder
VN
IN
INr IN
IN INv
INa VN VN
Faulty feeder Healthy feeder

P533B9B
Tripping direction
The normal operate area, in Easergy P5 protection relay could be set to forward or
reverse area, because sometimes it is not possible to modify CT or VT
connections when there is a mistake in the wirings. In that case, to avoid a
modification of wirings, you can set the operate area to forward (default setting) or
reverse. So if you change the operate area, the confirmation must be applied to
the operate area (which could be forward or reverse).
268 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 180 - Block diagram of the wattmetric earth/ground fault protection function (ANSI 32N)
IN PN > & &

Alarm non-operate
&
VN Register event
> Alarm operate

&
Register event
B Start
& 0 t &
A D Register event
C ≥1 &
0 0
Trip
Block &
Register event
&
S
> &
R
Inh
VN0> INVN> Mode VN> Memory mode: voltage Mem time t> Enable events
Sector Memory mode: time Reset time
P533BAB
A -Sector < φ0 < +Sector B Backward

180 - Sector < φ0 < 180 + Sector
C Forward D Confirmation
Characteristics
Table 55 - Settings and characteristics of the wattmetric earth/ground fault
protection
(description/label)
IN input/IN input
Options IN.meas, IN.calc, IN.sens for model with EF CT (1/

5A CT and 1A CT)
IN.calc, IN.CSH for model with CSH

Options Forward; Reverse
Inhibit control/Inhibit control

Options Selection of one digital input (DI) or one virtual
input (VI)
Timer instant delay ctrl./Timer Inst control
Options Selection of one digital input (DI) or one virtual

input (VI)
Setting range 0.001...0.2 Pn049 if IN calculated or measured with

standard EF CT
0.001...2 Pn049 if IN measured with sensitive EF
CT
0.1...20 Pn049 if IN measured with CSH 2A
0.01...2 Pn049 if IN measured with CSH 20A
Resolution 0.1%
49. PN.nom = IN x VN x cosφN
P5/EN M/44B 269


protection (Continued)
(description/label)
Accuracy ±10%
VN pick-up value/VN>
Accuracy ±0.050 pu50
Pick-up sector size/Sector
Setting range 0°...90°
Resolution 1°
Accuracy ±1° with IN and VN measured
±3° with IN and VN calculated
Hysteresis 1° with IN measured
3° with IN calculated
Resolution 0.01 s
SOL status/SOL status

Options Off, SOL1, SOL2
Resolution 0.01 s
Memory mode/Memory mode
Options None; Voltage; Time; Both
Memory time/Memory time
Resolution 0.01 s
Resolution 0.01 s
Start time < 50 ms/45 ms (with high speed) at 2 IN pick-up
value × VN pick-up value
< 55 ms/50 ms (with high speed) at 1.2 IN pick-up
< 60 ms/55 ms (with high speed) at 1.05 IN pick-up
Overshoot time < 40 ms at 2 IN pick-up value × VN pick-up value
270 P5/EN M/44B


protection (Continued)
(description/label)
Number 4
P5/EN M/44B 271

Phase undercurrent (ANSI 37)

Description
The phase undercurrent protection (ANSI code 37) measures fundamental
component of phase currents. By detecting motor loss of load, it’s typically used to
protect pumps against loss of prime. This protection protects rather the devices
driven by motor than the motor itself, for example a submersible pump (where the
flowing liquid inherently cools the pump) or conveyor belt.
Phase undercurrent protection can be configured for definite time characteristic
only.
To differentiate normal operation of circuit breaker and undercurrent conditions, a
low current setting is available to block this protection function.
Low-current self-blocking
The value of low-current self-blocking could be different in each setting groups. To
avoid unwanted tripping, phase undercurrent protection shall be blocked when
maximum of phase currents drops under the setting.
Phase undercurrent protection will automatically become inactivated if its pickup
threshold is set equal to or lower than this undercurrent blocking limit.
Block diagram
Figure 181 - Block diagram of the phase undercurrent protection function
(ANSI 37)
IA Min < &

Start
IB &
Register event
IC
Trip
Max &
Register event
<
Block
Low current blocking I< t< Enable events P533BBB
272 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 56 - Settings and characteristics of the phase undercurrent protection
function (ANSI 37)
(description/label)
Accuracy ±2% or ±0.005 Inom
I< block limit/I< block limit

Value 0.02...0.50 pu51
Resolution 0.1 s
Number 4
51. Inom
P5/EN M/44B 273

Temperature monitoring (ANSI 38)

Description
The temperature monitoring function (ANSI code 38) is used to detect abnormal
heat rise by measuring the temperature inside equipment fitted with sensors:
• transformer: protection of primary and secondary windings
• motor and generator: protection of stator windings and bearings. This
protection function is associated with an RTD of the Pt100 platinum (100 Ω at
0°C or 32°F) or nickel (Ni100 or Ni120) type, in accordance with the
IEC 60751 and DIN 43760 standards.
• it picks up when the monitored temperature is greater than the set point (Ts)
• it has two independent set points:
◦ alarm set point
◦ tripping set point, the trip signal of temperature monitoring is not a part of
the global trip.
• when the protection function is activated, it detects whether the RTD is
shorted or disconnected:
◦ RTD shorting is detected if the measured temperature is less than -30°C
or -22°F (measurement displayed as "——")
◦ RTD disconnection is detected if the measured temperature is greater
than +200°C or +392°F (measurement displayed as "–//–").
If an RTD fault is detected, the associated threshold is inhibited and the start
and trip signals are forced to reset state.
The "RTD fault" item is also made available in the control matrix and an alarm
message is generated specifying the number of the MET148-2 module for the
faulty RTD.
Block diagram
Figure 182 - Block diagram of the temperature monitoring function (ANSI 38)
T < +200 ℃ & > Alarm
> Trip
RTDx
X = 1-16
&
RTD fault
T > -30 ℃
T°1>1 T°1>2 Alarm delay

Operate delay P533BCB
274 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 57 - Setting and characteristics of the temperature monitoring function
(ANSI 38)
(description/label)
Alarm and trip set points/T°1>1, T°1>2
Setting range 0°C...180°C (32°F...356°F)
Unit °C
Accuracy ±1°C (±1.8°F)
Resolution 1°C (1.8°F)
Pick up/drop out 3°C (37.4°F)
Alarm delay/AlmDly
Accuracy 1% ± 20 ms
Operate delay/OperDly
Accuracy 1% ± 20 ms
Start time <3s
Number 1
P5/EN M/44B 275

Negative sequence overcurrent (ANSI 46)

Description
The negative sequence overcurrent protection function (ANSI code 46) gives
greater sensitivity to detect phase to phase faults at the end of long lines, where
phase overcurrent elements may not operate.
For rotating machines, the negative sequence overcurrent protection provides
protection against a temperature rise caused by an unbalanced power supply,
phase inversion, loss of phase, and unbalanced phase current.
The negative sequence current is calculated from the measured phase currents
according to the following formula:
1
( IA + a IB + aIC )
2
I2 =
3 P533BDB
with
2π
j
a=e 3
P533BEB
The negative sequence overcurrent protection function operates with inverse or

definite tripping time characteristic.
There are two separately adjustable stages available in Easergy P5, both
providing the same settings and performance.
Block diagram
Figure 183 - Block diagram of the negative sequence overcurrent protection
function (ANSI 46)
IA I2 >
&
IB Start
IC &
Register event
≥1
Block Trip
&
Register event
Pick-up value t> DT/IDMT k> Enable event
IDMT characteristcs
P533BFB
276 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 58 - Settings and characteristics of the negative sequence overcurrent
protection
(description/label)
Operating curve/Operating curve
Option DT;
IEC: SI, VI, EI, LTI, UTI;
IEEE: MI, VI, EI
ANSI: NI, STI, LTI
Others: UK_Rectifier, FR_STI, RI, STI_CO2, LTI_
CO5, MI_CO7, NI_CO8, VI_CO9, EI_CO11, BPN
Prg1-3
TMS/TMS
Setting range 0.020...20.000
Resolution 0.001
DT adder/DT adder
Resolution 0.01 s
Mininum operate delay/Min operate delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Reset curve/Reset curve
Resolution 0.01 s
Start time < 50 ms/45 ms (with high speed) at 2 x Pick-up value
< 60 ms/55 ms (with high speed) at 1.2 x Pick-up value
< 65 ms/60 ms (with high speed) at 1.05 x Pick-up
value
Number 4
52. Inom
P5/EN M/44B 277

Unbalance overcurrent, broken conductor (ANSI 46BC)

Description
The purpose of the unbalance overcurrent, broken conductor protection function
(ANSI code 46BC) is to detect unbalanced load conditions, for example a broken
conductor of a loaded overhead line in a medium voltage radial network.
Different fault conditions may apply:
• Broken conductor in contact with the earth/ground at the source side
• Broken conductor in contact with the earth/ground at the load side
• Open circuit (conductor not in contact with the earth/ground) caused by
broken conductor, blown fuse, circuit breaker pole failure, etc.
This function can also be used for motor protection in order to detect blown fuse or
phase reverse connection.
The Easergy P5 provides two stages of unbalance overcurrent, broken conductor
protection. Each stage can be enabled or disabled independently.
The function is inactive if only 2 phase current sensors are connected (2 CT mode
with setting Number of connected phase CT = A/C in the GENERAL menu/
Scaling sub-menu).
The operation of the unbalanced load function is based on the negative phase
sequence component I2 related to the positive phase sequence component I1.
These are calculated from the phase currents using the method of symmetrical
components. The function requires that the measuring inputs are connected
correctly. The unbalance protection has definite time operation characteristic.
The positive and negative sequence currents I1 and I2 are defined as follows:
1 ( IA + aIB + a2IC )
I1 =
3 P533BGB
1 ( IA + a2IB + aIC )
I2 =
3 P533BHB
with phasor rotating constant:

2π
j
a=e 3
P533BEB
NOTE: The broken conductor function is inhibited if the positive sequence

current I1 is less than 5% of the nominal current.
Block diagram
Figure 184 - Block diagram of the unbalance overcurrent broken conductor
protection function (ANSI 46BC)
> &
I2/I1 Start
&
Register event
Block Trip
&
Register event
I2/I1 t> Enable events P533BJB
278 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 59 - Settings and characteristics of the unbalance overcurrent broken
conductor protection
Setting range 2%...70%
Resolution 1%
Accuracy ±3%
Reset ratio
Value 95%
Accuracy ±2% or ±2 mA secondary
Resolution 0.01 s
Start time < 50 ms/45 ms (with high speed) at 2 x Pick-up value
Number 4
P5/EN M/44B 279

Negative sequence overvoltage (ANSI 47)

Description
To protect a rotating machine from being energised with a reverse voltage
sequence or to help prevent overheating of the motor due to a broken conductor
condition, negative sequence overvoltage protection (ANSI code 47) can be
applied. This protection monitors the voltage phase sequence detecting a reverse
rotation or voltage unbalance due to a missing (asymmetrical) phase. The
detection of these conditions can then be used to trip the machine and help
prevent damage to both the motor and the mechanically coupled process.
The Easergy P5 protection relay provides two stages of negative sequence
overvoltage protection. Each stage can be enabled or disabled independently. The
negative sequence voltage is derived from the three phase voltages. If the VT
connection is configured as “VPP/VPPy”, the negative sequence voltage cannot
be derived, and the negative sequence overvoltage protection is disabled.
If the negative sequence voltage input exceeds the voltage setting, this function
starts instantaneously, and it operates with the definite time delay or inverse time
delay characteristic that has been selected. The inverse time delay characteristic
follows the equation below:
t= T
V 1
GS P533BKB
where:
t is the theoretical operate time in seconds.
T is the operate delay setting (theoretical operate time for V = 2 × GS).
V is the calculated value of negative sequence voltage.
GS is the pick-up setting value of the negative sequence overvoltage protection.
The V stage has a settable reset delay that enables the detection of intermittent
eventually trips if faults are occurring often enough. This function is blocked by
VTS operation if the setting "VTS operating mode" is set to "Blocking".
Block diagram
Figure 185 - Block diagram of the negative sequence overvoltage protection
(ANSI 47)
> &
V2/Vn
V2
Start
&
Register event
≥1
Blk
VTSInh ≥1 Trip
No &
blk Register event
Block
VTSOpMod V2>/V2>2 DT/IDMT t> Reset time Inh Enable events

P533BLB
280 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 60 - Settings and characteristics of the negative sequence overvoltage
protection function
(description/label)
VTS operating mode/VTS operating mode
Options No action; Blocking
Accuracy ±2% or ±0.05 V secondary
Operating curve/Delay type
Options DT;
IDMT(the characteristic follows the equation
provided in Description, page 280)
Resolution 0.01 s
Accuracy DT: ±2% or ±20 ms;
Setting range 0.03...300 s
Resolution 0.01 s
Reset ratio
Value 98% ± 1% fixed
Minimum hysteresis 120 mV secondary
Start time < 55 ms/50 ms for 0.9...1.1 Pick-up value
Overshoot time < 40 ms for 0.9...1.1 Pick-up value
Number 4
53. Un = VT primary nominal
P5/EN M/44B 281

Thermal overload protection for feeder (ANSI 49F)

Description
The Thermal Overload protection function for Feeder (ANSI code 49F) can be
applied to minimise damage to overhead lines and underground cables when
operating at temperatures in excess of the designed maximum withstand
(deterioration of the insulation, sagging conductors etc.).
The Easergy P5 protection relays that are designed for feeder protection
incorporate a current based thermal replica, using phase current to reproduce the
heating and cooling of the feeder conductors. In this case, the Easergy P5
protection relay automatically uses the highest phase current as input information
for the thermal model. The current measurement is based on 3 phase RMS
currents, that takes into account harmonic rank up to 15. The mathematical model
used to compute the thermal level of the feeder conductors is based on the
thermal model defined in the IEC 60255-149 standard.
The thermal replica can optionally take account of ambient temperature,
preferably when an ambient temperature sensor is available. However, where an
ambient temperature sensor is not available, the user may enter a default value
for ambient temperature which is different to the value defined in the feeder
conductors data sheet (e.g. to take account of summer and winter ambient
temperature values).
The Thermal Overload for Feeder protection can be used in two different setting
modes:
• Current based setting mode
• Temperature based setting mode
The following sections explain the two setting modes.
Current based setting mode

This setting mode is active when "Temperature based mode" is set to "Current". In
this setting mode, the thermal level H(t) is computed according to the thermal
model defined in the IEC 60255-149.
The thermal level H(t) is computed according to the following equation:
Ieq(t) 2 Δt Δt
H(t) = H(t - Δt) + ( ) τ - H(t - Δt) τ
k Ib P533BMB
where:
• H(t) is the thermal level computed at time t ("Thermal level").
• H(t - Δt) is the thermal level computed at time t - Δt.
• Ieq(t) is the equivalent heating phase current at time t computed from the
maximum of the 3 phase RMS currents.
• Ib is "Basic current setting" or "Feeder basic current".
• k is the "k" factor applied to the basic current to define the maximum
continuous current.
• is the heating time constant of the feeder ("Heating time constant" or "Time
constant "), where is assumed to be much greater than Δt.
"[Ieq(t) / (k x Ib)]2x Δt / " expresses the heat transfer due to the phase current Ieq(t)
and "H(t - Δt) x Δt / " expresses the natural cooling of the feeder conductors.
The thermal overload protection operates when the thermal level is greater than
100%. This thermal level of 100% can be reached with a permanent current above
the basic current value Ib multiplied by the k factor.
With a continuous load current "Ieq", the thermal level "H" is equal to:
282 P5/EN M/44B

Ieq
H (Ieq) = ( )
2
k Ib P533BNB
The table below indicates the thermal level with different values of continuous load
current:
Ieq / (k x Ib) ratio Thermal Level (%)
1 100% (operation)
0.9 81%
0.8 64%
0.7 49%
0.6 36%
0.5 25%
0.4 16%
0.3 9%
Generally, the basic current Ib is set to the “Basic current” of the feeder, and k
factor could be set to take into account the accuracy of the global current
measuring chain (phase CTs and the protection relay). The k factor is set to 1.0 by
default.
A thermal alarm ("49F alarm" output) is provided which operates when the thermal
level is greater than or equal to the "Thermal alarm value" setting (expressed in %)
and is usually set to be lower than 100%, the operate level. This threshold,
expressed in %, is available only in the current based setting mode.
The thermal level in % is accessible as an output measurement.
When thermal overload is managed in the several setting groups, the thermal level
is kept after the setting group change (no thermal level reset), and the thermal
level is computed according to the new settings.
Temperature based setting mode

This setting mode is active when "Operating mode" setting is set to "Ambient". In
this setting mode, the protected object temperature computation is based on the
previous thermal level H(t) calculation (see previous section "Current based
setting mode") with an additional reference to the maximum operating
temperature of the feeder conductors, the maximum ambient temperature and the
working temperature, defined by setting.
In this mode, the thermal level H(t) is computed with the following formula, derived
from the equation of thermal level H(t) calculation:
leq (t) 2 Δt Δt
H(t) = H(t - Δt) + Fa ( ) τ - H(t - Δt) τ
k x lb P533BQB
Where common values are identical to the thermal level H(t) calculation formula,
and the additional "Fa" ambient temperature factor is defined with the following
equation:
Fa = Tmax - Tnom
Tmax - Ta P533BRB
where:
• Tmax is the maximum temperature of the equipment ("Max object
temperature").
• Tnom is the limit of the ambient temperature designed for the feeder
conductors to operate at rated loads without causing thermal degradation of
insulation ("Nominal ambient temperature", typically equal to 40℃).
P5/EN M/44B 283

• Ta is the real time ambient temperature of the feeder conductors measured

with the RTD number 8. When no temperature sensor is available or the
sensor is faulty, or the temperature measurement exceed "Max object
temperature" setting or lower than the "Min ambient temperature", the value
of "Default ambient temperature" will be used for this temperature.
The ambient temperature of the feeder conductors is computed with the following
formula:
Tobject = H(t) (Tmax - Ta) + Ta P533BSB
Where H(t), Tmax and Ta are defined according to the previous equations.
The thermal overload protection operates when the computed temperature
"Tobject" is above or equals the maximum temperature Tmax.
A temperature alarm is provided ("49F T> alarm" output). This output operates
when the temperature level is greater than or equal to the alarm temperature
setting(expressed in ℃).
The ambient temperature (Ta) and object temperature (Tobject) are accessible as
output measurements in ℃ (Ta = "Ambient temperature" output and Tobject =
"Object temperature" output). The default value of the ambient temperature is
equal to the "Default ambient temperature" setting.
Additional features
The thermal level computation expressed in % is always available with the feeder
thermal level output. The current thermal level is saved in a non volatile memory
when the Easergy P5 protection relay is powered off. If the current thermal level is
above 90%, a value of 90% is memorised to help prevent possible nuisance
tripping on supply restoration.
A measurement output where the estimated time to trip is provided, based on the
hypothesis that the load current present remains constant until thermal overload
operation occurs.
A time remaining alarm ("49F rsv alarm" output) is provided. It operates when the
calculated remaining time is less than or equal to the "Reserve time thermal
alarm" setting.
There is a digital input (“Feeder thermal level reset” signal) to reset the thermal
level value, when the digital input is asserted, the value of thermal level is set to
Zero.
It is possible to block the protection function using the block matrix.
Typical values of heating time constant:
Applications Time constant (min)
Dry-type transformers 40 (rating < 400 kVA)

60...90 (rating 400...800 kVA)
Air-core reactors 40
Capacitor banks 10
Overhead lines 10 ( Cu: cross section greater than or equal to 100 mm2 (0.15 in2);
or AI: 150 mm2 (0.23 in2) )
Busbars 60
Time to trip calculation

For a continuous current higher than the current threshold (k x Ib), the operate time
of the thermal overload protection can be computed with the following equation:
284 P5/EN M/44B

t=τ Ln ( Fa H(Ieq) - H0 )
Fa H(Ieq) - 100% P533BOB
where:
• is the heating time constant for the protected equipment.
• Ln( ) is natural logarithm function.
• Fa is the ongoing temperature compensation. In current based setting mode,
Fa = 1.
• H(Ieq) is the thermal level calculated with the continuous load current (Ieq) and
the basic current setting (Ib).
• H0 is the current thermal state corresponding to the last calculation.
In the same way, for a continuous current higher than the current threshold (k x Ib),
the time for the alarm to operate is:
Fa H(Ieq) - Halarm P533BTB
where:
Halarm is "Alarm" (alarm temperature setting, in %). In temperature based setting
mode, the alarm temperature setting is expressed in ℃. The corresponding
thermal level in % (Halarm) is defined by the following equation:
Halarm = Talm - Ta 100%

Tmax - Ta P533BUB
Block diagram
Figure 186 - Block diagram of the thermal overload protection function (ANSI 49F)
Block Blocked
& &
≥1
Register event
> 100%
Trip
IA RMS
Max A
IB RMS
IC RMS % >
Heating H(t) init & & Register event

≥1
FThLevRst > Alarm Thm
B
℃ >
& & Register event
RsvAlarm
RTD #8 <
& Register event

< TmpAlm
& Register event

> TmpAlm
T° mode Ib τ1 Alarm% T°max T°alm T°min Enable events
Factor k T° nominal Reserve value

P533BVB
A Current based mode calculation zone B Temperature based mode calculation
P5/EN M/44B 285

Characteristics
Table 61 - Settings and characteristics of the thermal overload protection
stage 49F
(description/label)
Basic current setting/Ib
Max permissive I factor/Factor k
Resolution 0.01
Heating time constant/Time constant 1
Setting range 1.0...1000.0 min
Resolution 0.1 min

Thermal alarm value/Alarm
Setting range 50%...100% of thermal level
Resolution 1%
Reserve time thermal alarm/Reserve value

Resolution 0.1 min

Operating mode/T°mode
Options Current; Ambient
Nominal ambient temperature/T°nominal
Setting range -40... +300 ℃ (-40... +572 ℉)
Resolution 1 ℃ (1.8 ℉)
Max object temperature/T°max
Setting range -40 - +300 ℃ (-40...+572 ℉)
Alarm temperature/T°alm
Setting range 0... +300 ℃ (32...+572 ℉)
Min ambient temperature/T°min
Setting range -40... 300 ℃ (-40... +572 ℉)
Default ambient temperature/T def ambient
Setting range -40...300 ℃ (-40...+572 ℉)
Thermal level init value/ Heating H(t) init
Resolution 0.1%
Characteristics
Tripping time accuracy ±5% or ±500 ms (with the applicable factor
according to IEC 60255-149)
54. Inom
286 P5/EN M/44B


stage 49F (Continued)
(description/label)
Number 4
P5/EN M/44B 287

Motor status
Description
There are three possible status for a motor: stopped, starting or running.
The Easergy P5 detects motor start by CB position, motor current, or both CB
position and motor current using “Motor start detection mode”.
• CB Position: The CB position changes from open to closed.
• Current: Three phase currents have been less than 5% Inom(phase CT
primary nominal). Then any of the three phase currents increases and
exceeds the motor start detection current.
• CB Position and Current: Any of the three phase currents exceeds the motor
start detection current in 90 ms after CB position changes from open to close.
Figure 187 - Motor status
2 4
1 1
C B
3
P533BWB
A Stopped B Running
C Starting
Criterion for motor in starting state

1. As soon as the motor start is detected, the motor changes from “Stopped”
state to “Starting” state.②
NOTE: Motor start counter counts the number of successful starts, not
including the emergency restart.
Criterion for motor in stopped state

1. If the motor start criterion is “CB Position”, the motor is in “Stopped” state
when CB is open. ①
2. If the motor start criterion is “Current” or “CB & Current”, the motor is in
“Stopped” state when three phase currents are all less than 5% Inom (phase
CT primary nominal). ①
Criterion for motor in running state

1. When the motor is in “Starting” state and three phase currents drop below the
motor start detection current for 100 ms, the motor state changes to
“Running”. ③
288 P5/EN M/44B

2. If the motor start is not detected successfully and the criteria for motor in
“Stopped” state are not satisfied, the relay will consider the motor is in
“Running” state.
For example: if the motor start detection mode is “CB & Current” and all three
phase currents do not exceed the motor start detection current within 90 ms
after CB is closed, the motor start is not detected. Motor state changes from
“Stopped” state to “Running” after the 90 ms timing window. ④
Typical diagrams for the detection of successful direct-on-line start and soft start
are shown in the following diagrams, with the use of the “CB & Current” mode.
Figure 188 - Successful DOL start
90 ms
E
100 ms
D
C P533BXB
A Motor start detection current B CB Closed

C Motor stopped D Motor starting
E Motor running
Figure 189 - Successful soft start
90 ms
D
C P533BYB
A Motor start detection current B CB Closed

C Motor stopped D Motor running
If the corresponding condition is satisfied in two consecutive executions, the motor

status is changed.
P5/EN M/44B 289

General settings
Settings Value
(description/label)
Nom motor start current/Imot nom start

Motor start detection current/Istart>

Minimum hysteresis 5 mA secondary
Motor start detection mode/StrDetMod

Options CB Position; Current; CB & Current
55. Inom
290 P5/EN M/44B

Motor speed detection

Description
Motor rotation speed (Ω) can be measured based on cams mounted on a rotor
with a proximity sensor. The output from the proximity sensor is a train of electrical
pulses, where each pulse corresponds to the detection of an individual cam.
Hence, if a given application has R number of cams mounted 360º/R apart on a
rotor, the number of cams R is equal to the number of pulses per rotation of the
rotor shaft. The time interval T (in seconds) between consecutive pulses can be
used to calculate the revolutions per minutes (rpm), using: Ω = 60 / (R x T).
Figure 190 - Proximity sensor
1 2
T P533BZB
1 Rotor with 2 cams

2 Proximity sensor
Table 62 - Characteristics of proximity sensor
Pass-band (in Hz) > 2 Ωn x R/60
Ωn is rated motor rotation speed.
Output 24...250 V DC, 3 mA minimum
Leakage current in open status < 0.5 mA
Voltage dip in closed status < 4 V (with 24 V power supply)
Pulse duration 0 status > 120 µs

1 status > 200 µs
The proximity detector output pulses are at a voltage level which is compatible
with the logic inputs (24...240 V DC), which means that a logic input must be
mapped to a given proximity detector to perform the speed measurement. The
12I4O module contains a specific digital input (DI1) to detect the motor speed. It
can recognise the high voltage signal as status 1 with > 200 us pulse width and
the low voltage signal as status 0 with > 120 us pulse width.
Easergy P5 protection relay can only use one speed detection input. If several
12I4O modules (such as Slot C, Slot D, Slot E) are fitted in the Easergy P5
protection relay, the user can select the dedicated digital input from any of the
12I4O modules for motor speed detection. If there is no 12I4O module fitted in the
relay, the motor speed detection and motor overspeed / underspeed protection will
be invisible.
NOTICE
If the counting input DI1 on 12I4O is selected for motor speed detection, this
input cannot be used by any other protection functions.
Failure to follow this instruction can result in equipment damage.
When the motor speed detection function is Enabled and one specific digital input
is selected as motor speed input, the settings, such as “Delay”, “On Event”, “OFF
P5/EN M/44B 291

Event” and “Debounce” settings in “Control/digital inputs” are automatically

noneffective for this selected digital input.
This function provides an output signal “Zero speed”. If the Easergy P5 protection
relay does not detect the pulse from the proximity sensor for motor speed
measurement for a settable duration, the zero speed output signal is ON.
Block diagram
Figure 191 - Block diagram of zero speed detection
New pulse
Tzero 0
Absence of pulses Zero Speed
&
Register event
Zero speed delay Enable events P533C0B
Characteristics
Table 63 - Settings and characteristics of motor speed detection protection
(description/label)
Motor speed input/Speed input
Options Selection of DI for motor speed

• Easergy P5U20 12I4O DI1 on Slot C
• Easergy P5M30 12I4O DI1 on Slot C, D, E
This selection is dependent on the hardware
configuration of the device.
Rated motor speed Ωn/Ωn
Setting range 100...3600 rpm
Resolution 1 rpm
Pulse per rotation/R
Setting range 1...900 (with limitation Ωn x R / 60 ≤ 1500)
Resolution 1
Zero speed confirm time/Zero speed delay
Setting range 1...300 s
Resolution 1s
Motor speed measurement
Range 0...7200 rpm
Resolution 1 rpm
Accuracy ±1 rpm
Refresh interval 1s
Measurement time 100 ms
Number 1
292 P5/EN M/44B

Motor start time supervision (ANSI 48)

Description
The motor start time supervision protection function (ANSI code 48) helps to
protect the motor against prolonged direct-on-line (DOL) starts caused by, for
example, a stalled rotor, too high inertia of the load or too low voltage.
During the motor starting, the current exceeds the motor full load current and
motor thermal stress increases quickly. So motor overheating is possible if the
duration of the motor starting exceeds the set period.
This function is sensitive to the fundamental frequency component of the phase
currents.
The motor start time supervision protection Ist> measures the fundamental
frequency component of the phase currents.
The Ist> stage can be configured for definite operate time or dependent operate
time characteristic. For a weak voltage supply, the dependent characteristic is
useful allowing more start time when a voltage drop decreases the start current
and increases the start time. Equation 7.7 defines the dependent operate time.
Example of an dependent operation time of the motor start time supervision
protection function, page 293 shows an example of the dependent characteristic.
If the measured current is less than the specified start current Istart, the operate
time is longer than the specified start time Tstart.
(
2
InomMotSt (
T= Tstart
I P533C1B Equation 7.7
Where:
T = Dependent operate time
InomMotSt = Nominal motor start current
I = Maximum of IA, IB, IC
Tstart = Motor start time
Figure 192 - Example of an dependent operation time of the motor start time
supervision protection function
T(s)
250
200
150
100
50
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 I(x Inom)
B P533C2B
A Tstart = 15 s, maximum allowed start B Istart = 6 x Inom, rated start current.

time.
P5/EN M/44B 293

NOTE:
The pick-up current setting Istart> is the start detection level of the start current.
While the motor status is starting and the current exceeds the pick-up setting
Istart>, the motor start-up supervision stage starts to count the operate time.
When current drops below the setting Istart>, the motor start-up supervision
stage releases. Motor start-up supervision is active only during the starting of
the motor.
Block diagram
Figure 193 - Block diagram of the motor start time supervision function
(ANSI 48)
IA MAX
IB >
& & Start
IC &
Register event
≥1
Motor status = starting Trip
Block &
Register event
A
IMotStart> DT setting Delay Type Enable event
Inverse time setting

P533C3B
A IMotStr is set in motor status function as motor start detection current.
Characteristics
Table 64 - Settings and characteristics of the motor start time supervision
protection stage Ist>
(description/label)
Options DT (definite time);

INV (inverse time)
Motor start time/Motor start time

Resolution 0.1 s
Number 1
NOTE: For motor start detection current and nominal start current settings,
see Motor status, page 288.
294 P5/EN M/44B

Thermal overload protection for machine (ANSI 49M)

Description
The Thermal Overload protection function for machine (ANSI code 49M) can be
applied to help prevent damage on the stator and rotor against overloading
conditions due to balanced and unbalanced currents.
• The Easergy P5 protection relays designed for protecting machines
incorporate a current based thermal replica, using phase current to reproduce
the heating and cooling of the equipment to be protected. In this case, the
Easergy P5 protection relay automatically uses the highest phase current as
input information for the thermal model. The current measurement is based
on 3 phase RMS currents, that takes into account harmonic rank up to 15.
The mathematical model used to compute the thermal level of the protected
equipment is based on the thermal model defined in the IEC 60255-149
standard.
• The thermal replica takes into account the overheating generated by the
negative sequence current in the motor, with a weighting defined by a settable
coefficient, depending on the motor characteristics.
• The thermal replica provides the capability to set two heating time constants,
one for starting sequence or the phase current is greater than the motor start
threshold (e.g. locked stator in running state) and one for normal running, in
addition to the cooling time constant applied when the motor is stopped. The
selection of the time constants are decided according to the motor state input
from the motor status function. Besides, the time constant 2 is also decided
by the max phase current which is greater than the motor start value.
Indication of the time constant 1 and time constant 2 active is provided by
means of digital outputs.
• The thermal replica can optionally take account of ambient temperature,
preferably when an ambient temperature sensor is available. However, where
an ambient temperature sensor is not available, the user may enter a default
value for ambient temperature which is different to the value defined in the
protected equipment data sheet (e.g. to take account of summer and winter
ambient temperature values).
NOTE: The motor thermal level in thermal overload (ANSI code 49M) function
can be reset by Modbus communication.
The Thermal Overload for machine protection can be used in two different setting
modes:
• Current based setting mode
• Temperature based setting mode
The following sections explain the two setting modes.
Current based setting mode

This setting mode is active when "Operating mode" is set to "Current". In this
setting mode, the thermal level H(t) is computed according to the thermal model
defined in the IEC 60255-149.
According to the user settings, in general, the thermal level is computed by three
different ways according to the three different motor states:
• Running state
• Starting state
• Stopped state
Motor in running state
When the motor is running, the thermal level H(t) is computed according to the
following equation:
P5/EN M/44B 295

leq (t) 2 Δt Δt
H(t) = H(t - Δt) + ( ) τ1 - H(t - Δt) τ1
k lb P533C4B
where:
• H(t) is the thermal level computed at time t.
• H(t - Δt) is the thermal level computed at time t - Δt.
•
Ieq = max (IA,IB,IC)2 + q (I2)2

P533C5B
where:
◦ IA, IB, IC are the RMS phase currents.
◦ q is a user setting to define the unbalance factor ("Unbalance factor" or
"Factor q").
For an asynchronous motor, q is determined as follows:
TLR / ILR2
q=2 -1
Sn P533C6B
ILR is the motor locked rotor current/ starting current in pu value.

TLR is the motor locked rotor torque in pu value.
Sn is rated slip.
NOTE: In 2 CT mode it is recommended to set q = 0.
◦ I2 is the negative sequence current.
• Ib is the "Basic current setting" or "Machine nominal current".
• k is the “Max. permissive current factor” or the "k" factor applied to the basic
current to define the maximum continuous current.
• 1 is the heating thermal time constant of the motor ("Heating time constant"
or "Time constant 1"), where 1 is assumed to be much greater than Δt.
In the equation above the term "[Ieq(t) / (k x Ib)]2 x Δt / 1" expresses the heat
transfer due to the phase current Ieq(t), and the term "H(t - Δt) x Δt / 1" expresses
the natural cooling of the devices (in the running state).
The digital output Motor TC1 active is asserted in this state.
Motor in starting state
When the motor is starting, the user can set a different time constant, to take into
account the heating effect on rotor windings during the starting sequence. In that
state, the thermal level H(t) is computed according to the same equation than
above, where the time constant 1 is replaced by the time constant 2.
leq (t) 2 Δt Δt
H(t) = H(t - Δt) + ( ) τ2 - H(t - Δt) τ2
k lb P533C7B
Where 2 is the heating time constant during starting sequence or the phase
currents is greater than the motor start threshold ("Time constant for motor starting
" or "Time constant 2").
The digital output Motor TC2 active is asserted in this state.
Motor in stopped state
When the motor is stopped, the cooling effect is dominant since there is no
heating contribution, so a cooling time constant must be taken into account in the
stopped state. In that state, the thermal level H(t) is computed according to the
following equation:
H(t) = H(t - Δt) - H(t - Δt) Δt

τ3 P533C8B
296 P5/EN M/44B

Where 3 is the cooling thermal time constant of the protected equipment

("Cooling time constant" or "Time constant 3").
The digital outputs Motor TC1 active and Motor TC2 active are reset in this state.
The thermal overload protection operates when the thermal level is greater than
100%. This thermal level of 100% can be reached with a permanent current above
the basic current value ("Basic current setting" or "Ib") multiplied by the k factor
(Max. permissive current factor).
With a continuous load current "Ieq", the thermal level "H" is equal to:
Ieq
H (Ieq) = ( )
2
k Ib P533BNB
The table below indicates the thermal level with different values of continuous load
current:
Ieq / (k x Ib) ratio Thermal Level (%)
1 100% (operation)
0.9 81%
0.8 64%
0.7 49%
0.6 36%
0.5 25%
0.4 16%
0.3 9%
Generally, the basic current Ib is set to the "Basic current” of the machine, and k
factor could be set to take into account the accuracy of the global current
measuring chain (phase CTs and the protection relay). The k factor is set to 1.0 by
default.
An thermal alarm ("49M alarm" output) is provided which operates when the
thermal level is greater than or equal to the "Thermal alarm value" setting
(expressed in %) and is usually set to be lower than 100%, the operate level. This
signal can be used to lock the CB reclosing until thermal state is back under the
alarm level.
The thermal level in % is accessible as an output measurement.
When thermal overload is managed in the several setting groups, the thermal level
is kept after the setting group change (no thermal level reset), and the thermal
level is computed according to the new settings.
Temperature based setting mode

This setting mode is active when "Operating mode" setting is set to "Ambient". In
this setting mode, the protected equipment temperature computation is based on
the previous thermal level H(t) calculation (see previous section Current based
setting mode, page 295) with an additional reference to the maximum operating
temperature of the equipment, the nominal ambient temperature and the working
ambient temperature, defined by setting.
In this mode, the thermal level H(t) is computed with the following formula, derived
from the equation of thermal level H(t) calculation:
leq (t) 2 Δt Δt
H(t) = H(t - Δt) + Fa ( ) τ - H(t - Δt) τ
k x lb P533BQB
Where common values are identical to the thermal level H(t) calculation formula,
and the additional "Fa" ambient temperature factor is defined with the following
equation:
P5/EN M/44B 297

Fa = Tmax - Tnom
Tmax - Ta P533BRB
where:
• Tmax is the maximum temperature of the equipment ("Max object temperature"
setting).
• Tnom is the limit of the ambient temperature designed for the protected
equipment to operate at rated loads without causing thermal degradation of
insulation ("Nominal ambient temperature" setting, typically equal to 40 ℃).
• Ta is the real time ambient temperature of the protected equipment measured
with the RTD number 8.
The ambient temperature of the protected equipment is computed with the
following formula:
Tobject = H(t) (Tmax - Ta) + Ta P533BSB
Where H(t), Tmax and Ta are defined according to the previous equations.
The thermal overload protection operates when the computed temperature
"Tobject" is above or equals the maximum temperature Tmax.
A temperature alarm is provided ("49M T> alarm" output). This output operates
when the temperature level is greater than or equal to the alarm temperature
setting(expressed in ℃).
The ambient temperature (Ta) and machine temperature (Tobject) are accessible as
output measurements in ℃ (Ta = "Ambient temperature" output and Tobject =
"Machine temperature" output).
Additional features
The thermal level computation expressed in % is always available with the motor
thermal level output. The current thermal level is saved in a non volatile memory
when the Easergy P5 protection relay is powered off. If the current thermal level is
above 90%, a value of 90% is memorised to help prevent possible nuisance
tripping on supply restoration.
A measurement output about the remaining time to trip ("Estimated time to trip") is
provided, based on the hypothesis that the load current present remains constant
until thermal overload operation occurs.
A time remaining alarm ("49M rsv alarm" output) is provided. It operates when the
calculated remaining time is less than or equal to the "Reserve time thermal
alarm" time setting.
A remote command can be used to reset the thermal level (e.g. after
commissioning tests). This reset can be also performed from the local panel.
It is possible to block the protection function using the block matrix.
After each motor start sequence, the function is able to compute the thermal level
consumed by the latest start. This measurement is accessible with the
measurement output "Motor start thermal level/Motor start H(t)". When the thermal
level calculation is above (100% - Motor start H(t)), the output signal "Block motor
start" is asserted to inhibit CB Closing from taking place. The output time
measurement output "Time left for motor start" provides the remaining time until
the motor can be started.
There is a digital input (“MThLevRst” signal) to reset the thermal level value, when
the digital input is asserted, the value of Thermal level H(t) shall be set to Zero.
298 P5/EN M/44B

Operating state Conditions Impact on thermal level computation

(defined by settings)
Stopped state Stopped state Ieq(t) = 0

Cooling time constant 3 is used
Starting state I > MotStrVal setting or Heating time constant 2 is used

starting state
Running state Running state Heating time constant 1 is used
Time to trip calculation

For a continuous current higher than the current threshold (k x Ib), the operate time
of the thermal overload protection can be computed with the following equation:
Fa H(Ieq) - 100% P533BOB
where:
• is the heating time constant for the protected equipment.
◦ When the motor is in starting state, the time constant for motor starting is
used;
◦ When the motor is in running state, the heating time constant is used;
• Ln( ) is natural logarithm function.
• Fa is the ongoing temperature compensation. In current based setting mode,
Fa = 1.
• H(Ieq) is the thermal level calculated with the continuous load current and the
basic current setting.
• H0 is the current thermal state corresponding to the last calculation.
In the same way, for a continuous current higher than the current threshold (k x Ib),
the time for the alarm to operate is:
Fa H(Ieq) - Halarm P533BTB
where:
Halarm is "Alarm", the alarm threshold setting in % of thermal level. In temperature
based setting mode, the threshold alarm threshold is expressed in ℃ with "Talm"
setting. The corresponding thermal level in % (Halarm) is defined by the following
equation:
Halarm = Talm - Ta 100%

Tmax - Ta P533BUB
Time left for motor start

The thermal level of last motor start state need firstly be calculated through
following equation:
Hstart = Fa ( Istart ) τtstart

2
k Ib start P533Q1B
where:
P5/EN M/44B 299

• Fa is ambient temperature factor calculated by:
Fa = Tmax - Tnom
Tmax - Ta P533BRB
If it is current only mode, then Fa = 1.

• Istart is the start current detected during last motor start.
• Ib is the basic current of the machine (setting).
• k is the factor (setting) applied to the basic current to define the maximum
continuous current.
• tstart is the time duration of motor starting state.
• 2 is the thermal time constant for motor starting.
When the thermal level H(t) is above (100% - Hstart), time left for motor start is
defined with the following equation:
H(t)
t = τcooling Ln ( )
100% - Hstart P533Q2B
where:
• H(t) is the thermal level calculated at the moment.
• 3 is the cooling time constant when motor is stopped.
300 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 194 - Block diagram of thermal overload protection function (ANSI 49M)
Block Blocked
& &
≥1
Register event
> 100%
Trip
A
I2
%
add & &
B Register event
> 100% Blk Motor start
Max
IA RMS %
IB RMS C
IC RMS
>
Heating H(t) init

& & Register event
Mot.Start H(t) init ≥1
MThLevRst > AlmThm
℃
D >
& Register event
&
RTD #8 TmpAlm
<
& Register event

Motor TC1 active
& Register event

Motor TC2 active
& Register event

< TmpAlm
& Register event

> TmpAlm
T° mode Ib τ1 τ2 τ3
T° nominal Alarm% T°max T°alm Reserve value T°min Enable events

P533CGB
A Current based mode calculation B Therm level
C Motor str level D Temperature based mode calculation
Characteristics
stage 49M
(description/label)
Basic current setting/Ib
Max permissive I factor/Factor k
Resolution 0.01
56. Inom
P5/EN M/44B 301


stage 49M (Continued)
(description/label)
Heating time constant/Time constant Ʈ1
Resolution 0.1 min

Time constant for motor starting /Time constant Ʈ2
Resolution 0.1 min

Cooling time constant/Time constant Ʈ3
Resolution 0.1 min

Unbalance factor/Unbalance factor
Resolution 0.1
Thermal alarm value/Alarm
Setting range 50%...100% of thermal level
Resolution 1%
Reserve time thermal alarm/Reserve value

Resolution 0.1 min

Operating mode/T°mode
Options Current; Ambient
Nominal ambient temperature/T° nominal
Setting range -40...+300 ℃ (-40...+572 ℉)
Max object temperature/T° max
Setting range -40...+300 ℃ (-40...+572 ℉)
Alarm temperature/T° alm
Setting range 0...+300 ℃ (32...+572 ℉)
302 P5/EN M/44B


stage 49M (Continued)
(description/label)
Min ambient temperature/T° min
Setting range -40...300 ℃ (-40...+572 ℉)
Default ambient temperature/T° dft ambient
Setting range -40...300 ℃ (-40...+572 ℉)
Characteristics
Tripping time accuracy ±5% or ±500 ms (with the applicable factor
according to IEC 60255-149)
Number 4
NOTE: To test the thermal overload protection more easily and faster, it is
possible to set a thermal level init. value and a motor start thermal level init.
value from 0% to 90%. After test, it is possible to reset the values to 0%.
P5/EN M/44B 303

Locked rotor (ANSI 51LR)

Description
For some applications where the stall withstand time is less than the motor start
time, the start time supervision protection function (ANSI code 48) can not provide
a quick protection against motor over-heating when the rotor is locked during the
motor start. The locked rotor protection function (ANSI code 51LR) stage Ilr>
measures the fundamental frequency component of the phase currents and
calculates the maximum of the measured three phase currents.
The locked rotor stage protects the motor when too heavy load or a mechanical
failure of the motor causes rotor jam during the motor running condition.
The stage's start setting is relative to the motor's nominal starting current. The
nominal starting current can be configured in the Motor status view of the
Protection menu in eSetup Easergy Pro.
The locked rotor stage can be configured for definite time or inverse time
operation characteristic. Equation 7.8 defines the dependent operate time.
T = ( ImotNomSt
( 2
Tstart
I P533FNB Equation 7.8
T = Dependent operate time

ImotNomSt = Nominal motor start current
I = Maximum of IA, IB, IC (to be unique with Ist> function)
Tstart = Operation delay
When the measured maximum phase current I exceeds the defined start setting,
the locked rotor protection stage starts operation delay calculation. When the
calculated delay exceeds the operation delay in DT or INV delay mode, the
protection operates.
The stage releases when the maximum phase current I drops below the start
setting.
The stage operation is automatically blocked when the motor status is “starting”.
Block diagram
Figure 195 - Block diagram of the locked rotor protection stage Ilr>
MAX > & &

IA
IB Start
IC &
Register event
t
≥1
Motor status = Running Trip
Block &
Register event
IMotStart.nom IIr DT setting Inverse time setting Enable event
Motor starting Definite/inverse time operating curve P533FOB
304 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 66 - Settings and characteristics of the locked rotor protection stage
Ilr>
(description/label)
Pick-up value/Ilr>
Setting range 10%...100% IMotStart.nom57
Resolution 0.1%57
Accuracy ±3%57
Options DT (definite time); INV (inverse time)
Setting range 1.0...300 s
Resolution 0.1 s
Accuracy ±1% or ±20 ms (DT)
±5% or ±20 ms (INV)
Start time < 60 ms/55 ms (with high speed) at 2 x Ilr
< 70 ms/65 ms (with high speed) maximum
Number 1
57. IMotStr.nom is set in motor status function.
P5/EN M/44B 305

Motor restart inhibition (ANSI 66)

Description
Any motor has a restriction on the number of starts within a defined period to avoid
the over temperature of the motor, mainly inside the rotor. A settable time interval
between two consecutive starts is also necessary to allow the motor to cool down
following the previous start. The motor restart inhibition function (ANSI code 66)
includes two elements “number of starts limitation” and “minimum time between
starts”.
To enable the motor restart inhibition function (ANSI code 66), as well as other
protection functions (ANSI 48, ANSI 49M, ANSI 51LR), which are all related with
motor, the “Motor status” detection function shall be enabled. Since the motor
restart inhibition function uses the “Thermal Level” input to differentiate between
motor cold start and hot start, the motor thermal overload protection (ANSI 49M)
must also be enabled.
Number of starts limitation

Depending on the initial motor thermal level, there are two types of motor start.
• Cold start
The initial thermal state is not greater than setting “Hot status limit”.
• Hot start
The initial thermal state is greater than setting “Hot status limit”.
Once the motor start is detected (refer to Motor status section for details), the
Easergy P5 protection relay initiates a monitor timer defined by the setting
“Reference period”, and the cold start counter or hot start counter is incremented
by one. Each motor start has one corresponding monitor timer. When the monitor
timer expires, the motor start related with that monitor timer will be removed from
the cold or hot start counter (decremented by one). When the motor is stopped,
the Easergy P5 protection relay will compare the cold and hot start counters with
the settings “Max motor cold starts” and “Max motor hot starts”, respectively. If
either of these two counters reaches the related setting, the motor restart is
inhibited (“N> motor start inhibition” = True) until the concerned monitor timer
expires and the cold or hot start counter is below the setting.
Example:
The maximum number of motor cold starts is 2 and maximum number of motor hot
starts is 1. Two cold starts are detected. When the 2nd motor stop is detected, the
cold start counter reaches the setting. So, motor restart is inhibited until the first
monitor timer expires.
306 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 196 - Motor restart inhibition example 1
Motor start
ON
OFF
Time
Start Inhibition Reference period = 60 min
Reference period = 60 min
ON
OFF
tn = 8 min Time
Reference period - tn = 60 - 8 = 52 min
P533F9B
Minimum time between starts

Once the motor start is detected (refer to Motor status section for details), the
Easergy P5 protection relay initiates another monitor timer defined by setting “Min
time between motor starts”. When the motor is stopped (CB is open or current is
less than 5% Inom depending on the motor start detection mode), and the monitor
timer of the last motor start has not expired, the Easergy P5 will also inhibit the
restart until the monitor timer expires.
Figure 197 - Motor restart inhibition example 2

Motor start
ON
OFF
Time
Start Inhibition
Min time between motor starts
ON
OFF
Time
P533FAB
So, the motor restart inhibition function is active if any one of the following
conditions is satisfied:
• Blocking due to number of starts limitation
• Blocking due to minimum time between 2 starts
P5/EN M/44B 307

Motor connection example

Motor restart inhibition application example, page 308 shows an application for
preventing too frequent motor starts using the N> stage. The close coil wire has
been connected through the normally closed (NC) contact of the signal relay ,
which is controlled with the N> start inhibit signal. Whenever the N> motor start
inhibit signal becomes active, it prevents the circuit breaker from closing.
Figure 198 - Motor restart inhibition application example

+ +
− −
STOP Open Close START
Coil Coil
M
+
Output matrix
DO1 DOx
I> start
I> trip
N> alarm
N> motor start inhibit
P533FBA
Block diagram
Figure 199 - Block diagram of the motor restart inhibition function (ANSI 66)
Motor starting & ≥

B ≥1
N> motor start inhibition
&
Register event
& ≥
B
Motor thermal level >
Hot motor status
C ≥1
Alarm
&
D Register event
Hot limit Interval T reference Max motor cold starts Enable events
Max motor hot starts

P533FCB
A Min. time between motor starts B Count num. during reference period
C ≥ Hot starts/t -1 D ≥ Cold starts/t -1
308 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 67 - Settings and characteristics of the motor restart inhibition
function (ANSI 66)
(description/label)
Reference period/T reference
Resolution 0.1 min

Hot status limit/Hot limit
Setting range 0%...100.0% H(t)58
Resolution 0.1% H(t)58
Max motor/Hot starts

Setting range 1...20
Resolution 1
Max motor/Cold starts
Resolution 1
Min time between motor starts/Interval
Resolution 0.1 min

Def. motor start elap. time/Time by default
Options 0 min; 120 min
Number 1
58. Motor thermal level
P5/EN M/44B 309

Motor overspeed (ANSI 12)

Description
Based on the direct measurement of motor speed, the motor overspeed protection
function (ANSI code 12) detects racing when the motor is driven by the load, or a
loss of synchronisation for synchronous motors, or for process monitoring.
Motor overspeed protection is only available when motor speed detection function
is Enabled.
The Easergy P5 protection relay provides two stages of motor overspeed
protection. Whenever the motor speed reaches the pick-up value of a particular
stage, this stage starts and a start signal is issued. If the fault remains active
longer than the operating delay setting, a trip signal is issued.
If there is no 12I4O module fitted in the relay, the motor overspeed protection will
be invisible.
Block diagram
Figure 200 - Block diagram of the motor overspeed stages Motor overspeed
Ω>1 12 and Ω>2 12
> &
Motor speed Start
&
Register event
Block Trip
&
Register event
Motor speed> t> Enable events P533FDB
Characteristics
Table 68 - Settings and characteristics of the motor overspeed protection
function (ANSI 12)
Settings/characteristics Values Values

(description/label) (stage Motor overspeed Ω>1 (stage Motor overspeed Ω>2
12) 12)
Pick-up value
Setting range 100%...160% Ωn
Resolution 1% Ωn
Accuracy ±2%
Operate delay
Resolution 1s
Start time < 250 ms + 2 x (60000 ms/ (Ω x R))
Disengaging time < 250 ms + 2 x (60000 ms/ (Ω x R))
310 P5/EN M/44B

Table 68 - Settings and characteristics of the motor overspeed protection

function (ANSI 12) (Continued)

(description/label) (stage Motor overspeed Ω>1 (stage Motor overspeed Ω>2
12) 12)
Number 1
P5/EN M/44B 311

Motor underspeed (ANSI 14)

Description
Based on the direct measurement of motor speed, the motor underspeed
protection function (ANSI code 14) detects the slow-downs of motor speed after
motor starting, possibly resulting from the mechanical overloads or locked rotor.
Motor speed protection is only available when motor speed detection function is
Enabled.
The motor underspeed protection is active after the motor speed has successful
achieved the speed pick-up value. As shown in figure below, the underspeed
protection function picks up if the speed measured drops below the speed pick-up
value after having first exceeded the set point by 5%. The underspeed protection
is blocked when the motor speed drops below 5% of Ωn rated motor speed to
avoid unwanted tripping when the motor is switched off. If the underspeed
protection starts longer than the operating delay setting, a trip signal is issued.
If there is no 12I4O module fitted in the relay, the motor underspeed protection will
be invisible.
Figure 201 - Motor underspeed start and trip conditions
1.05 Pick-up value

Pick-up value
0.05Ωnom
Start
t<
Trip
P533FEB
The Easergy P5 protection relay provides two stages of motor underspeed

protection.
Block diagram
Figure 202 - Block diagram of the motor underspeed stages Motor speed<
and Motor speed<<
&
Motor speed A S
Q
R Start
&
< Register event
Trip
< 0.05 Ωn ≥1 &
Register event
Block
Motor speed< t< Enable events P533FFB
A > 1.05 Pick-up value
312 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 69 - Settings and characteristics of the motor underspeed protection
function (ANSI 14)

(description/label) (stage Motor speed<) (stage Motor speed<<)
Pick-up value/Motor speed<, Motor speed<<
Setting range 10%...100% Ωn
Resolution 1% Ωn
Accuracy ±2%
Low motor speed self-blocking
Value 5% Ωn, fixed
Accuracy ±2% x (5% Ωn)
Time delay/t<, t<<
Resolution 1s
Start time < 250 ms + 2 x (60000 ms / (Ω x R))
Disengaging time < 250 ms + 2 x (60000 ms / (Ω x R))
Setting group
Number 1
P5/EN M/44B 313

Motor Anti-backspin (ABS) protection

Description
For a motor with high inertia, once the CB/Contactor supplying power to the motor
is switched off, the rotor may continue to turn for a considerable length of time. In
that case, the motor terminal voltage is out of phase and the motor re-starting
operation may result in serious damage. In some other applications for example
when a motor is on a down-hole pump, after the motor stops, the liquid may fall
back down the pipe and spin the rotor backwards. It would be very undesirable to
start the motor at this time. In these circumstances the motor anti-backspin
function is used to detect when the rotor has completely stopped, to allow
restarting of the motor.
Three criteria can be used to detect whether rotor has completely stopped.
• Speed measured mode
“Zero Speed” signal from motor speed detection function is ON. If there is no
12I4O module fitted in the relay, the speed measured mode will be invisible.
• External zero speed mode
“Zero Speed DI” digital input is ON when a rotation detection sensor is
available.
• Motor status
Motor “Stopped” input from motor status function is ON and the delay timer
expired.
When the “Zero Speed” input and the “Zero Speed DI” digital input are not
available or disabled, this protection function simply provide a “Restart Delay”
feature after the motor is stopped.
Only when “Motor Status” function is Enabled, “Motor Anti-backspin” protection
can be activated. The output signal “AntiBkSpin Alarm” is ON when the motor
status turns to be “Stopped” and the internal signal “ABSAllowRestart” is not
satisfied. The “ABSAllowRestart” signal indicates if the rotor has completely
stopped. The timer “Time to restart” is based on the setting “ABS Time” to indicate
the left time before the motor restart is allowed. If the zero speed is detected, the
timer “Time to restart” will be reset and the motor restart is allowed immediately.
Block diagram
Figure 203 - Block diagram of Motor Anti-backspin (ABS)
&
Zero speed
≥1
Speed measured mode
&
Zero Speed DI
A &
Ex. zero speed mode
AntiBkSpin Alarm
Motor Status Stopped
&
Register event
Time to restart
ABS time Enable events P533R7B
A ABSAllowRestart
314 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 70 - Settings and characteristics of Motor Anti-backspin (ABS)
protection
(description/label)
Measured zero speed mode/Speed measured mode
Options Enable; disable
Zero speed external mode/Ex. zero speed mode
Options Enable; disable
Zero speed input DI/Zero speed DI
Options Selection of one digital input (DIx)
Anti-backspin time/ABS time
Resolution 1s
Setting group
Number 1
P5/EN M/44B 315

Emergency restart
Description
It may be necessary to restart a hot motor when the system is in emergency. An
emergency restart can be enabled through digital input/HMI/remote
communication, then it removes all motor start inhibit. For a successful emergency
restart, the emergency restart input should keep asserted during the whole motor
starting period.
An operation counter is provided to record the number of emergency restarts.
Emergency restart counter can be cleared via a command in HMI or remote
communication.
When emergency restart is triggered, motor thermal overload protection

(49M) responds to it
• When the motor is stopped, the signal “Block motor start” is reset and the
motor thermal level is limited to 100% - Motor start thermal level if the
thermal level is higher than 100% - Motor start thermal level.
• When the motor is starting, the thermal level is limited to 90%.
Before the completion of motor starting, if the emergency restart is Off, the
motor thermal level can increase to more than 90% during starting.
• When the motor is running, it has no impact on the motor thermal level.
When emergency restart is triggered, motor restart inhibition (66)

protection responds to it
• When the motor is stopped, the signal “N> motor start inhibition” is reset and
the value of emergency restart counter is incremented by 1.
• When the motor is starting, the detected motor start will neither impact the
number of cold starts and hot starts nor trigger the timer of “Minimum time
between motor starts”.
If the emergency restart condition changes from On to Off prior to the
completion of the motor starting, this motor starting is considered as a normal
start.
NOTE: The emergency restart will not impact the motor start counter and
the minimum time between two starts.
• When the motor is running, it has no impact on motor restart inhibition (66).
When emergency restart is triggered, motor anti-back spin (ABS)

protection responds to it
• When the motor is stopped, ABS works on timer between a stop and a start,
then the signal “AntiBkSpin” is reset (Measured zero speed mode is OFF
and Zero speed external mode is OFF).
NOTE: The emergency restart will only impact ABS timer, it will not
impact Measured zero speed mode and Zero speed external mode.
• When the motor is starting or running, it has no impact on ABS function.
316 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 71 - Settings and characteristics of Emergency restart protection
(description/label)
EMRE input/EMRE input
Options DIx; VIx; Fx
P5/EN M/44B 317

Inrush blocking
Description
Second harmonic inrush blocking detects high transient current flows that usually
occur when transformers are energised at no-load or the voltage is restored to the
transformer after a brief voltage dip/interruption. It helps prevent tripping for this
normal operation condition.
There are two ways to enable inrush blocking of protection functions:
• Within individual phase and neutral OC protection stages, check the Inrush
blocking in any or all setting group(s).
• By using the Block Matrix, map the “inrush detection” signal to individual
protection functions. This configuration is valid for all setting groups.
During transformer inrush conditions, the second harmonic level may not be the
same for all phases. So Easergy P5 protection relay calculates the ratio between
the second harmonic component and the fundamental frequency component for
each phase. When the ratio of the second harmonic component of any phase is
higher than the ratio setting, after a fixed delay (20 ms), the inrush detection signal
will be activated and the inrush current will be discriminated.
There are two operating modes for inrush detection which is configured via the
"Inrush operating mode" setting. When it is in the "Phase block" mode, after inrush
current is detected, it will block the related overcurrent function only in that phase
(or phases); when it is in the "Cross block" mode, if any phase inrush current is
detected, it will block the related overcurrent function in all 3 phases.
To avoid maloperation, the inrush detection is only active if the phase current is
greater than a fixed minimum current or 10% Inom. Otherwise, the output of the
inrush detection is reset. As additional constraint, a maximum threshold current is
settable. Currents above this threshold will bypass any inrush blocking. This
threshold is set based on the transformer reactance. This reactance will limit any
inrush current, therefore currents greater than this are treated as short circuits.
A fixed reset delay (30 ms) of the "inrush detection" signal is implemented to avoid
signal chattering and potential maloperation because of too fast unblocking the
protection stages, especially at the end of the inrush condition.
The inrush blocking signal requires the presence of second harmonic current for 1
period (20 ms). Similarly the reset of this condition requires the absence of second
harmonic component for 30 ms.
This difference in time provides hysteresis to the inrush blocking and avoids signal
chattering, e.g. during end of decaying inrush condition.
318 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 204 - Block diagram of inrush blocking
Inrush detection PhA

IA H2 > IA H2/ IA 20ms 30ms
& &
IA & Register event
≥1
> 0.1In
<
& Register event
IB H2 > IB H2/ IB 20ms 30ms
& &
IB
> 0.1In Inrush detection
<
& Register event

IC H2 > IC H2/ IC 20ms 30ms
& &
IC Inrush detection PhB
> 0.1In
< & Register event

Inrush detection PhC
Pick-up H2 Max inrush current Enable events P533FHB
IX.H2 Second harmonic component of phase current
IX.fund fundamental component of phase current
Characteristics
Table 72 - Settings and characteristics of the inrush blocking function
(description/label)
Pick-up value/Pick-up H2
Resolution 1%
Accuracy ±1%
Hysteresis 1%
Max inrush current/CurBlkVal

Inrush operating mode Phase block; Cross block
Start time < 40 ms
Setting group
Number 1
59. In = phase CT primary nominal
P5/EN M/44B 319

Switch On To Fault (ANSI 50HS)

Description
The switch-on-to-fault (SOTF) protection function (ANSI code 50HS) offers
protection when the circuit breaker (CB) is closed on a faulty line. In this case a a
fast trip is required and instantaneous trip is inherently selective. Overcurrent-
based protection does not clear the fault until the intended time delay has elapsed.
SOTF gives a trip signal without additional time delay if the CB is closed and a
fault is detected within a set time window after closing the CB.
Some faults may be caused by conditions not removed from the feeder after a
reclosing cycle or a manual close, or due to earthing/grounding clamps left on
after maintenance work.
The manual closing order from the circuit breaker may be initiated from one of
several sources:
• Local close switch via digital inputs
• CB close command from local panel or eSetup Easergy Pro
• Remote communication
Operation
Switch-on-to-fault function operates within the SOTF active operation time, page
320 and Switch-on-to-fault function does not operate after the SOTF active
operation time elapses, page 321 illustrate the operation of the SOTF function:
1. Switch-onto-fault gets not activated if the CB has not been in open position
before the fault. Open CB detection is noticed from the highest phase current
value which has to be under a fixed low threshold (0.02 x In). Opening of the
CB can be detected also with digital inputs (Dead line detection input = DI1 –
DIx, Fx, VI1 – VIx). In this case, digital input which is connected to 52a need
to be configured to this "Dead line detection input". The default detection
method is based on the current threshold, so the dead line detection input
parameter has value “–“.
2. Dead line detection delay defines how long the CB has to be open so that the
SOTF function gets active. If the set detection delay time is not elapsed when
the highest phase current value (maximum of IA, IB, IC) rises over the start
setting, the SOTF does not operate.
3. If the highest phase current value of IA, IB, IC goes successfully under the
low limit and rises to a value between the low limit and the start value, then if
the highest phase current value rises over the start setting value before the
SOTF active operation time expires, the SOTF trips. If this SOTF active
operation time is exceeded, the SOTF does not trip even if the start setting
value is exceeded.
Figure 205 - Switch-on-to-fault function operates within the SOTF active

operation time
1
Start setting
Max. of IA, IB, IC 3
Low limit 0.02 Inom

2
Dead line
detection delay
Active timer
SOTF trip
P533FIB
320 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 206 - Switch-on-to-fault function does not operate after the SOTF
active operation time elapses
1
Start setting
Max. of IA, IB, IC 3
Low limit 0.02Inom

2
Dead line detection delay
Active timer
SOTF trip
P533FJB
Block diagram
Figure 207 - Block diagram of the Switch On To Fault protection function
(ANSI 50HS)
&
IA Max
IB 0.02 In< ≥1
Operate
IC
Dead line input &

>
Register event
Pick-up value Dead delay Enable events

Active timer P533FKB
Characteristics
Table 73 - Settings and characteristics of the switch-on-to-fault protection
function (ANSI 50HS)
(description/label)
Pick-up value/SOTF
Accuracy ±3%
Reset ratio 97% ±1%
Dead line detection delay/Dead delay
Resolution 0.01 s
SOTF active after CB closure/Act time
Resolution 0.01 s
Dead line detection input
60. phase CT primary nominal
P5/EN M/44B 321

Table 73 - Settings and characteristics of the switch-on-to-fault protection

function (ANSI 50HS) (Continued)
(description/label)
Options Selection of one digital input (DI), one virtual

input (VI), or one function key.
Start time < 30 ms/25 ms (with high speed) when I/Iset <
1.5
< 40 ms/35 ms (with high speed) maximum
Setting group
Number 1
322 P5/EN M/44B

Non-directional/directional phase overcurrent protection

(ANSI 50/51/67)
Description
The overcurrent protection function is used against short circuit faults and
overloads. It provides three-phase and six-stage non-directional/directional
overcurrent protection. All the six overcurrent stages can be selected to be either
non-directional, forward or reverse. Further more, phase segregated start and trip
signals are available for each overcurrent stage. All the six stages have the same
settings and performance. Typical applications are:
• Short-circuit protection of two parallel cables or overhead lines in a radial
network.
• Short-circuit protection of a looped network with a single feeding point.
• Short-circuit protection of a two-way feeder, which usually supplies loads but
is used in special cases as an incoming feeder.
NOTE: If the maximum possible earth/ground fault current is greater than the
most sensitive directional overcurrent setting used, connect the relay to the
phase to neutral voltages instead of phase to phase voltages to get the right
direction for earth/ground faults. For networks with a maximum possible earth/
ground fault current lower than the overcurrent setting, use the non-
directional/directional earth/ground fault overcurrent protection function (ANSI
50N/51N/67N) instead.
Phase directional element

The directional element get polarised by the quadrature phase-phase voltages, as
shown in the table below:
Phase of protection Operate current Polarizing voltage Polarizing voltage

phase rotation ABC phase rotation ACB
A Phase IA VBC = VB - VC VCB = VC - VB

B Phase IB VCA = VC - VA VAC = VA - VC
C Phase IC VAB = VA - VB VBA = VB - VA
The directional check is performed based on the following criteria:
Forward directional -90° < (angle(I) - angle(V) - RCA) < 90°
Reverse directional -90° > (angle(I) - angle(V) - RCA) > 90°
Where RCA = 90° - feeder impedance angle

Under system fault conditions, the fault current vector will lag its nominal phase
voltage by an angle dependent upon the system X/R ratio. Therefore, the relay
should operate with the maximum sensitivity for currents lying in this region. This
is achieved by means of the Relay Characteristic Angle (RCA) setting. It defines
the angle by which the current applied to the relay must be displaced from the
voltage applied to the relay to obtain the maximum relay sensitivity. This is the
"Characteristic angle" setting in the overcurrent menu. On the P5 relay, it is
possible to set characteristic angles anywhere in the range –95° to +95°.
For a close-up three-phase fault, all three voltages will collapse to zero and no
healthy phase voltages will be present. For this reason, the relay will store the pre-
fault voltage information and continues to apply it to the directional overcurrent
elements for a time period of 5 s under the circumstance. This feature ensures
that either instantaneous or time delayed directional phase overcurrent elements
will be allowed to operate, even with a three-phase voltage collapse. This function
uses memorised voltages for calculation if the polarisation voltages drop below
P5/EN M/44B 323

the minimum voltage threshold (0.015 pu61), in case of close-up three-phase

fault. These memorised voltages will be used until at least one polarisation voltage
is going above the minimum voltage threshold (0.015 pu61), or during a maximum
time period of 5 s. If the input voltage loss continues longer than 5 s the directional
overcurrent is blocked.
VTS blocking
Voltage Transformer Supervision (VTS) blocking only affects the directional
overcurrent protection. When the “Direction mode” is selected as “Forward” or
“Reverse”, the setting "VTS blocking" will show up. When "VTS blocking" is set to
"Non-directional", the directional element will be ignored, and the directional
overcurrent protection will be switched to non-directional protection under VT
failure condition. When "VTS blocking " is set to "Blocked", the directional
overcurrent protection will be blocked under VT failure condition.
Dynamic setting element

Dynamic mode allows the overcurrent protection settings dynamically adjusted
during the transient period. It can be applied to cooperate between the Cold Load
Pick-up, and also to realize voltage-controlled overcurrent.
When "Dynamic Mode" is ON and the digital input signal " DynamicInput" in
Output Matrix is ON:
1. It will switch to the "Dynamic threshold" setting for fault detection.
2. For DT operating curve, it will switch to the "Dynamic operate delay" setting.
3. For IDMT, it will switch to the "Dynamic TMS" setting.
For Cold Load Pickup application, an output signal "CLP Operation" to indicate
cold load energised condition will be available. In Output Matrix, "CLP Operation"
will be linked to "DynamicInput" to realize this functionality.
Selective overcurrent logic

Selective overcurrent logic can be activated when the setting "SOL status" is set
to "SOL1" or "SOL2" and the related digital input signal "SOLInputx" in Output
Matrix is ON. For DT operating curve, it will switch to the setting "SOL operate
delay" for logic discrimination. For IDMT curve, it will switch to the "SOL TMS"
setting for logic discrimination.
The CLP and SOL functions have dynamic impacts on the overcurrent settings of
timer and start value. The associated inputs could be activated at the same time.
In this case, SOL takes precedence over CLP.
Inrush blocking
The user can block the overcurrent function by selecting the setting "Inrush
blocking" of each stage. The purpose is to make the overcurrent function
inoperative during the transformer energization, otherwise a large primary current
flows for a transient period will cause an unwanted trip.
It is highly possible that inrush blocking is determined later than the trip of
instantaneous OC stage. Therefore, when the "Inrush blocking" setting is enabled
in overcurrent stage, an additional delay (25 ms fixed) should be applied to wait for
potential inrush blocking signal before start is ON.
61. Vnom = VT primary nominal (PP) or Vnom/√3 = VT primary nominal (PN) depending on P5 voltage mode
324 P5/EN M/44B

Operating curve selection

The operating curve of the overcurrent protection can be selected to DT, standard
dependent operate delay, and programmable dependent operate delay, for details
refer to Dependent time and definite time operation, page 229.
When the “Operating Curve” is set to IDMT curve, the settings “DT adder” and
“Minimum operate time” will show up. “DT adder” defines the additional time delay
plus the IDMT timer (see DT adder setting impacts on IDMT operating curve, page
325). “Minimum operate time” defines the minimum operating time for IDMT
curves to help ensure the IDMT stage will not trip faster than the DT stage when
the fault current is very large (see Minimum operate time setting impacts on IDMT
operating curve, page 325).
Figure 208 - DT adder setting impacts on IDMT operating curve
T (s)
A
I (A)
Is GD
P533OYB
A IDMT curve without DT adder B IDMT curve with DT adder

C DT adder
Figure 209 - Minimum operate time setting impacts on IDMT operating curve
T (s)
T (min)
I (A)
Is
P533OZB
Tripping logic
When the “Tripping logic” is set to "1 out of 3" and any phase starts, the output of
the "Trip Logic Check" is TRUE. That means tripping can be allowed at any
started phase. When the “Tripping logic” is set to "2 out of 3" and any two phases
start, the output of the "Trip Logic Check" is TRUE. That means tripping can be
P5/EN M/44B 325

allowed at the two started phases. The tripping logic is shown in following
diagram.
Six independent stages

There are six separately adjustable stages: I>1, I>2, I>3, I>4, I>5, and I>6. All the
six stages have the same settings and performance. All the stages have definite
operate time (DT) and dependent operate time (IDMT).
Examples
Three modes are available: Non-directional, Forward and Reverse. In the Non-
directional mode, the stage is acting just like an ordinary overcurrent protection
function stage.
An example of directional overcurrent characteristic with the phase A fault is
shown as below.
Figure 210 - Example of the directional overcurrent function characteristic
+cap.
2°
B A
RCA
+res.
P533PCA
A IA fault: fault current in phase A B φz: feeder impedance angle
C Forward trip area
An example of bi-directional operation characteristic is shown as below. The RCA

of the two stages are 0° and -180°.
326 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 211 - Bi-directional application with two stages
+cap.
4°
B A 0° C
D +res.
RCA = °
RCA = 18 °
P533PDA
A Directional overcurrent stage1 pickup B Directional overcurrent stage2 pickup

value setting value setting
C Directional overcurrent stage1 trip D Directional overcurrent stage2 trip

area area
When the setting "Tripping logic" is set to "1 out of 3", any of the three phase
currents exceeds the setting value and, in directional mode (Forward or Reverse),
the direction is located in the trip area, this stage starts and issues a start signal. If
the fault situation is present longer than the operate time setting, a trip signal is
issued.
P5/EN M/44B 327

Block diagram
Figure 212 - Block diagram of non-directional overcurrent protection function
IA > & PhA start

≥1 & Register event
PhA trip
& Register event
IB > & PhB start

PhB trip
& Register event
IC > & PhC start

PhC trip
& Register event
Block*
Pick-up value* Enable events
Tripping logic
Operate delay*
Reset delay TMS*
Operating curve DT adder
Reset curve Min Operate delay
P533P1B
A Tripping logic
NOTE:
• Block input can be signals configured via Block matrix, due to inrush
condition detected.
• Pick-up value can be value from "Pick-up value" setting, "Dynamic
threshold" setting depending on the configuration.
• Operate delay can be the value from "Operate delay" setting, "SOL
operate delay" setting or "Dynamic operate delay" setting depending on
the configuration.
• TMS value can be the value from "TMS" setting, "SOL TMS" setting or
"Dynamic TMS" setting depending on the configuration.
328 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 213 - Block diagram of directional overcurrent protection function
IA > &
PhA start
PhA trip
A &
VBC* Register event
IB > &
PhB start
PhB trip
A &
VCA* Register event
IC > &
PhC start
PhC trip
A & Register event
VAB*
Pick-up value* Enable events

Fast VTS
Direction mode
VTS blocking Operate delay*
RCA Reset delay TMS*
Block* Operating curve DT adder
Tripping logic Reset curve Min Operate delay
P533RUB
A Direction check logic, for Forward B Tripping logic

direction, it should follow the equation:
-90° < (angle(I) - angle(U) - RCA) <
90°, and for Reverse direction, it
should follow the equation: -90° >
(angle(I) - angle(U) - RCA) > 90°
NOTE:
• Block input can be signals configured via Block matrix, due to inrush
condition detected.
• Pick-up value can be value from "Pick-up value" setting, "Dynamic
threshold" setting depending on the configuration.
• Operate delay can be the value from "Operate delay" setting, "SOL
operate delay" setting or "Dynamic operate delay" setting depending on
the configuration.
• TMS value can be the value from "TMS" setting, "SOL TMS" setting or
"Dynamic TMS" setting depending on the configuration.
• VAB/VBC/VCA can be the calculated phase to phase voltage, or memory
value for close-up three-phase fault.
Voltage-controlled overcurrent
Voltage-controlled overcurrent protection can be used as system back-up
protection or as transformer back-up protection. Normally voltage-controlled
overcurrent protection is preferred for the applications where a generator is
directly connected to a busbar without a step-up transformer. It is recommended
as well to use this solution to increase the sensitiveness of overcurrent back-up
transformer protection. P5 relays provide a dynamic setting mode for each
overcurrent protection stage, so that overcurrent pick-up setting and operate delay
P5/EN M/44B 329

setting will be replaced by dynamic threshold and dynamic operate delay settings.
So the overcurrent protection adjusts the current setting according to the detected
undervoltage condition. The information about application and setting examples
can be found in the Application Book.
High Impedance Busbar Differential Protection

The Easergy P5 overcurrent elements I> can be used for high impedance busbar
protection based on the high impedance differential protection principle, offering
stability for any type of fault occurring outside the protected zone and satisfactory
operation speed for faults within the zone. For this application instantaneous
operation is commonly applied, which can be obtained in a simple way by
selecting definite time delay characteristic with minimum time delay setting. The
information about application, calculations, setting examples and
recommendations for resistors can be found in the Application Book.
Characteristics
Table 74 - Setting and characteristics of the non-directional/directional
phase overcurrent protection (6 stages have the same settings)
Setting/characteristics Values
(description/label)
Pick-up value/I>1
Setting range 0.05...40.00 pu62 (DT)

0.05...5.00 pu62 (IDMT)
Operating Curve
Options DT;
IEEE: MI, VI, EI
ANSI: NI, STI, LTI
Others: UK_Rectifier, FR_STI, RI, STI_CO2,
LTI_CO5, MI_CO7, NI_CO8, VI_CO9, EI_CO11,
BPN
Prg1-3
Resolution 0.01 s
TMS/TMS
Resolution 0.001
DT adder/DT adder
Resolution 0.01 s
Minimum operate delay/Min operate delay
Resolution 0.01 s
62. Inom
330 P5/EN M/44B


phase overcurrent protection (6 stages have the same settings) (Continued)
(description/label)
Options Non-directional; Forward; Reverse
Characteristic angle/Char angle
Setting range -95° - +95°
Resolution 1°
Accuracy ±2°
VTS blocking
Options Blocked; Non-directional
Tripping logic/Tripping Logic
Setting range 1 out of 3; 2 out of 3

Resolution 0.01 s
Inrush blocking/Inrush blocking
Options Off/On
SOL status/SOL status

Options Off; SOL1; SOL2
Resolution 0.01 s
SOL TMS/SOL TMS

Resolution 0.001
Dynamic mode/Dynamic mode
Options Off/On
Dynamic threshold/Dyn pick-up value
Setting range 0.05...40.00 pu63 (DT)

0.05...5.00 pu63 (IDMT)
Accuracy ±2% or ±0.005 In
Dynamic operate delay/Dynamic op delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Dynamic TMS/Dynamic TMS
Resolution 0.001
63. Inom
P5/EN M/44B 331


phase overcurrent protection (6 stages have the same settings) (Continued)
(description/label)
Voltage memory time
Value 5 s fixed
Angle memory
Value 5 s fixed
Minimum voltage for the direction determination
Value 0.02 pu64
Start time < 30 ms/25 ms (with high speed) at 2 x Is pick-
up value (non-directional)
< 40 ms/35 ms (with high speed) at 2 x Is pick-

up value (directional)

Setting group
Number 4
64. Inom
332 P5/EN M/44B

Arc-flash (ANSI 50ARC)
DANGER
Information on this product is offered as a tool for conducting arc flash hazard
analysis. It is intended for use only by qualified persons who are knowledgeable
about power system studies, power distribution equipment, and equipment
installation practices. It is not intended as a substitute for the engineering
judgement and adequate review necessary for such activities.
Description
The arc-flash protection function (ANSI code 50ARC) is a high speed protection
function able to detect arcing events in a few millisecond, to minimise equipment
damages.
The arc-flash protection contains 8 arc stages that can be used to trip the circuit
breakers. Arc stages are activated with overcurrent and light signals (or light
signals only). The allocation of light or "light + current confirmation" signal to arc
stages is defined in arc-flash protection matrix: current, light and output matrix.
The matrix are programmed via the dedicated arc-flash matrix menus. Available
matrix signals depend on the order code (see Order information, page 523).
Available signal inputs for arc-flash protection depend on the Easergy P5
protection relay's configuration with 3 or 6 light inputs.
With 3 to 6 arc-flash input options, the Easergy P5 x30 protection relay allows to
build a multi-zone arc-flash protection system.
Information like arc detection or current detection can be exchanged across the
system using two communication ways:
• GOOSE messages using the IEC 61850 protocol (preferred solution)
• Virtual outputs
P5/EN M/44B 333

Figure 214 - Application example of the arc-flash protection function
ZONE 1
=Arc sensor
Device 3
ZONE 2
ZONE 3
ZONE 4.1 ZONE 4.2
T T
Device 1 Device 2
P533E0A
In this application example, the arc-flash sensor for zone 4.1 is connected to
Device 1. If the arc-flash sensor detects the fault and simultaneously Device 3
sends a current signal, the zone 4.1 is isolated by the outgoing feeder breaker.
The arc-flash sensor for zone 4.2 is connected to the Device 2 and operates the
same way.
The arc-flash sensors for zone 3 are connected to Device 1, 2 or 3. If a sensor
detects the fault in zone 3, the light-only signal is transferred to Device 3 which
also detects overcurrent and then trips the main circuit breaker.
An eventual arc-flash fault in zone 1 or 2 does not necessarily activate the current
element in Device 2. However, arc detection can be achieved by using the light-
only principle. If an arc-flash occurs in cable termination, zone 1 or zone 2, the
fault is cleared by the upstream circuit breaker.
Each arc-flash protection stage provides:
• One arc detection function, which can be connected either to one of the
available arc sensors (for local detection) or to a digital input or GOOSE
information (for remote detection).
• One current detection function, which can be connected either to phase or
earth/ground fault high-speed overcurrent (for local detection) or to a digital
input or GOOSE information (for remote detection).
• One trip input to other relays
The trip signal of arc-flash protection is not a part of the global trip. In this
case it is convenient to use Goose which provides a fast signal to the other
relay.
Earth/ground fault current can be only measured and detected, according to the
Easergy P5 protection relay, from:
• 1/5A neutral CT input
• CSH neutral current input
Each stage of the arc-flash protection can be blocked individually by a control
inputs such as digital input, virtual inputs and function keys.
334 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 215 - Block diagram of the arc-flash protection function
> ≥1
IA/IB/IC
& A
I0 >
pulse Trip
Light &
&
Block B Register event
I0> int I> int Mode t> Hold time Enable events
P533E1B
A Light + Current B Light
Operation
Before configuring the arc flash protection, the arc sensors need to be installed
through eSetup Easergy Pro.
The installation process is as follows:
1. In eSetup Easergy Pro, select PROTECTION menu/ARC protection sub-
menu.
2. Under Settings view, click the “Install arc sensors” drop-down list and select
Install.
3. Wait until the Installation state shows Ready.
The installation of the sensors is now done.
The installed sensors and the sensor status can be viewed at the bottom of the
ARC protection view.
This is an online process only. The installation process is only applicable when
eSetup Easergy Pro is connected to an Easergy P5 protection relay. The offline
configuration does not have this menu visible.
The arc-flash protection is implemented by configuration in the following three
matrix (see Matrix menu in eSetup Easergy Pro):
• Arc matrix - current
• Arc matrix - light
• Arc matrix - output
The event configuration for the protection is done in the Event enabling - ARC
view of the Log menu in eSetup Easergy Pro.
NOTE: When an arc-flash sensor is disconnected, an alarm message is
automatically generated and displayed on the local panel.
Arc matrix – current

In the Arc matrix – current setting view, the available current signals (left column)
are linked to the appropriate arc stages (1...8).
P5/EN M/44B 335

Figure 216 - View of Arc matrix – current
Table 75 - Arc matrix – current parameter group
Item Range Description
I>int. On, Off Phase IA, IB, IC internal overcurrent signal
67NI On, Off Earth/ground fault overcurrent signal
GOOSE NI On, Off Goose network input (IEC 61850)
Virtual output 1...20 On, Off Virtual output
Arc stage 1...8 On, Off Arc protection stage 1 to 8
Arc matrix – light

In the Arc matrix – light setting view, the available arc light signals (left column)
are linked to the appropriate arc stages (1...8).
Figure 217 - View of Arc matrix – light
336 P5/EN M/44B

Table 76 - Arc matrix – light parameter group
Item Range Description
Arc sensor 1...6 On, Off Internal arc-flash sensor 1 to 3 or 1 to 6, according

to the configuration
GOOSE NI On, Off Goose network input
Virtual output 1...20 Virtual output
Arc matrix – output

In the Arc matrix – output setting view, the used Arc stages (1...8) are connected
to the required outputs. Possible latched function per output is also determined in
this view. The available outputs depend on the order code.
NOTE: Arc matrix is the only way to configure arc stage signals to the output
relay in Easergy P5, it is not configurable via standard Output matrix. But the
configured signals will be reflected in the Output matrix.
Figure 218 - View of Arc matrix – output
Table 77 - Arc matrix – output parameter group Setting Range
Setting Range Description
Latched On, Off Output latch
Digital ouptut On, Off DO1 to DO3 (slot B) or DO1 to DO4 (slots C, D, E)
according to the Easergy P5 configuration
Event enabling matrix

This matrix is used to generate events when the current elements, light signals
from the arc sensors, and the arc stages are activated or drop off.
P5/EN M/44B 337

Characteristics
Table 78 - Setting and characteristics of the arc-flash protection function
(ANSI 50ARC)
(description/label)
Stage Mode/Mode
Options Light; Light and I
I>int. pick-up value/I>int
Resolution 0.01pu65
Accuracy ±2.5%
I0>int. pick-up value/I0>int.
Resolution 0.01pu65
Accuracy ±2.5%
DI to block stage
Options Selection of one digital input (DI), one virtual input (VI), or one
function key (Fx).
Operate delay/Delay
Setting range 0...255 ms
Accuracy ±1% or 20 ms
Min. hold time (1~8)/Hold time
Setting range 20...2500 ms
Resolution 1 ms
Characteristic time
Tripping time 66
Light only 2 ms minimum 4 ms maximum
Light + I> (earth fault) at 2xI> 5 ms minimum 11 ms maximum
Light + I> (phase fault) at 2xI> 4 ms minimum 7 ms maximum
Light by Goose + I> (earth fault) 5 ms minimum 11 ms maximum
Light by Goose + I> (phase fault) 4 ms minimum 10 ms maximum
Light + I> by Goose (earth fault) 7 ms minimum 16 ms maximum
Light + I> by Goose (phase fault) 5 ms minimum 12 ms maximum
The arc operation delay is intended, with the separate arc stage, for the circuit
breaker failure scheme only.
DANGER
Do not use the arc operation delay for primary trip.
65. Inom
66. With high speed high break contact relay (Easergy P5x30) only.
338 P5/EN M/44B

Circuit breaker failure (ANSI 50BF)

Description
If a circuit breaker fails to open, following a tripping order (mainly detected by the
non-extinction of the fault current), the circuit breaker failure protection function
(ANSI code 50BF) sends a tripping order to the upstream or adjacent breakers.
The circuit breaker failure protection has three types of inputs to operate:
• Current protection
• Non-current protection like frequency protections or voltage protections
• External trip
The circuit breaker failure protection incorporates two timers, CB Fail 1 Timer and
CB Fail 2 Timer, allowing configuration for these scenarios:
• Simple CB failure protection, where only CB Fail 1 Timer is enabled. For any
protection trip, the CB Fail 1 Timer is started, and normally reset when the
circuit breaker opens to isolate the fault. If breaker opening is not detected,
CB Fail 1 Timer times out and closes an output contact assigned to breaker
fail (using the output matrix). This contact is used to backtrip upstream
switchgear, generally tripping all infeeds connected to the same busbar
section.
• A re-tripping scheme, plus delayed back-tripping. Here, CB Fail 1 Timer is
used to route a trip to a second trip circuit of the same circuit breaker. This
requires duplicated circuit breaker trip coils, and is known as re-tripping.
Should re-tripping fail to open the circuit breaker, a back-trip may be issued
following an additional time delay. The back-trip uses CB Fail 2 Timer, which
is also started at the instant of the initial protection element trip.
CB failure protection elements CB Fail 1 Timer and CB Fail 2 Timer can be
configured to operate for trips triggered by protection elements within the
protection relay or via an external protection trip. The latter is achieved by
allocating one of the digital inputs to External Trip selected with the "DI for external
trip signal" parameter.
Resetting of the CB failure protection is possible from a breaker open indication
(from the pole dead logic) or from a protection reset. In these cases, resetting is
only allowed provided the undercurrent elements have also reset. The resetting
options are summarised in this table:
Table 79 - CB fail timer reset mechanisms
Initiation CB fail timer reset

Current based protection [IA<] & [IB<] & [IC<] & ( [IN<] or [IN.sens<] ) according to
(linked to CBF_ITrp in Output matrix) Easergy P5 model
Non-current based protection Three options are available:

(linked to CBF_nITrp in Output matrix) • Current protection reset only
• Pole dead
• Reset of the non-current protection
External protection Three options are available.

(from DI selected in CBF settings) • Current protection reset only
• Pole dead
• Reset when external trip signal disappears
Pole dead logic

The pole dead logic can be used to give an indication if one or more phases of the
line are dead. A pole dead condition is determined by either monitoring the status
of the circuit breaker auxiliary contacts or by measuring the line currents and
voltages. If a "CB Open" signal is given the protection relay will automatically
initiate a pole dead condition regardless of the current and voltage measurement.
P5/EN M/44B 339

Similarly, if both the line current and voltage fall below a pre-set threshold the
protection relay will also initiate a pole dead condition.
This is necessary so that a pole dead indication is still given even when an
upstream circuit breaker is opened. The undervoltage (V<) and undercurrent (I<)
thresholds have the following, fixed, pickup and drop-off levels as shown in Pole
dead logic, page 340.
If the VT fails a signal is taken from the VTS logic to block the pole dead
indications that would be generated by the under-voltage and under-current
thresholds. However, the VTS logic will not block the pole dead indications if they
are initiated by a "CB Open" signal. The object for used CB is directly set in the
Objects view of the Control menu in eSetup Easergy Pro.
Figure 219 - Pole dead logic
< 0.05 In &

IA A
≥1
< 0.1 Vn
VA B
< 0.05 In &

IB A &
≥1
< 0.1 Vn All Pole Dead
VB B
< 0.05 In &

IC A
≥1
< 0.1 Vn
VC B
VTSBlk
CB Pos (Open)
P533E2B
A Drop off 0.055 In
B Drop off 0.3 Vn
NOTE: For Easergy P5U20, undervoltage detection logic is ignored. For

Easergy P5V20, only CB position is used to check pole dead, undercurrent
and undervoltage logic are disabled.
Matrix use
To activate the circuit breaker failure function with current protection trip or with
non-current protection trip, it is required to connect the relevant signals in Output
matrix. These are the CBF_ITrp signal or CBF_nITrp signal respectively.
The digital inputs used for the external trip signal as well as for external reset
signal are directly set in the breaker failure function.
340 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 220 - Block diagram of the circuit breaker failure protection function
CBF 2 Trip
IA, IB, IC < &

Register event
IN <
Current protection trip (CBF_ITrp) S

& t 0
≥1 R
Digital input for external reset signal
IN.sens trip S
IN.sens < ≥1 & ≥1
R
CBF 1 Trip
VA, VB, VC A
CB open position
Non-current protection trip (CBF_nITrp) S &
≥1 Register event
& ≥1 t 0
&
R
&
&
Digital input for external trip signal S

& ≥1
&
& R
&
I< ExtRstMod = I< Enable events

IN < NonCurRstMod = PoleDead T2>
IN.sens < NonCurRstMod = ProRst Enable CBF timer 2
NonCurRstMod = I< Enable events
ExtRstMod = PoleDead T1>
ExtRstMod = ProRst Enable CBF timer 1
P533R3B
A Pole Dead Detection
Characteristics
Table 80 - Settings and characteristics of the breaker failure protection
function (ANSI 50BF)
(description/label)
I< current set/I<

Setting range 0.02...4.00 pu
Resolution 0.01 pu
IN< current set/IN<

Setting range 0.050...4.000 pu67 for IN measured by CSH;
0.020...4.000 pu67 for IN measured by standard earth/ground
fault CT
Resolution 0.001
IN.sens< current set/IN.sens<
Setting range 0.002...0.800 pu67 for sensitive earth/ground fault
Timer1 operate delay/T1 operate delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Timer2 operate delay/T2 operate delay
67. Inom for IN.calc; IN.nom for IN.meas; IN.CSH.nom for IN.CSH
P5/EN M/44B 341

Table 80 - Settings and characteristics of the breaker failure protection

function (ANSI 50BF) (Continued)
(description/label)
Resolution 0.01 s
Noncurrent CBF reset mode

Options I<only; PoleDead; ProtRst
Ext. CBF reset mode

Options I<only; PoleDead; ProtRst
DI for external trip signal
Options Selection of one digital input DI, one virtual input VI, or one
function key
DI for external reset signal
Options Selection of one digital input DI, one virtual input VI, or one
function key
Reset time68 < 35 ms for any trip initiate, reset by I<;
< 35 ms for any trip initiate, reset by IN<;
< 50 ms for non-current protection initiate, reset by Pole Dead69
Setting group
Number 1
68. Does not take into account any contact relay

69. Considering by default, 10 ms of debounce time filter on digital inputs.
342 P5/EN M/44B

Capacitor bank unbalance (ANSI 51C)

Description
The capacitor bank unbalance protection function (ANSI code 51C) detects
unbalance current flowing between the neutral points of a double-star connected
capacitor, filter and reactor bank. The typical connection for capacitor bank
unbalance protection is shown in Typical capacitor bank protection application
with the Easergy P5 protection relay, page 343. The unbalance current is
measured with a dedicated current transformer (Standard earth/ground fault CT,
or CSH core balance CT) between two star-points of the bank.
Under healthy conditions any standing unbalance current caused by small
differences in each side of the banks is limited and it can be compensated as
described in the following section. When there are failures within one capacitor
unit, the unbalance current will increase, depending on the number of failed
capacitor elements.
Figure 221 - Typical capacitor bank protection application with the Easergy
P5 protection relay
Easergy P5
A9
IA
A10
A11
IB
A12
A13
IC
A14
A15
IN.meas
A16
A17
IN.sens
A18
P533E4B
Normally, stage 1 is applied as the trip stage and stage 2 is applied as the alarm
stage. As well as current inputIN , the phase current IA is used to polarise the
capacitor bank unbalance current for the standing unbalance current
compensation and the faulty phase location.
Compensation method
The unbalance current under normal conditions can be compensated to get better
protection sensitivity. There are two compensation modes, Normal mode and
Location mode. Stage 1 can only select Normal mode. Stage 2 can select Normal
mode or Location mode.
P5/EN M/44B 343

Normal mode
The compensation is performed manually during commissioning. Using eSetup
Easergy Pro (PROTECTION menu/Capacitor unbalance Icap>1 sub-menu/Icap>1
unbalance view) or relay HMI, the relay can get the standing unbalance current
vector (here, IA is the angle reference) and record the magnitude and angle. For
flexible compensation purpose, the magnitude of the standing unbalance current
to be compensated is user settable under Normal Mode (setting SetBal), while the
angle of the standing unbalance current is not settable, fixed as the recorded
angle during commissioning.
Figure 222 - Capacitor unbalance protection with Normal compensation method
B
IA > &
IN A Start
D &
IN.CSH C Register event
Trip
>
&
Register event
Block
SetBal 1% x In (fixed) Icap > Operate delay

Enable events P533E5B
A Compensation value: IN.compensate B Mag(IN.compensate)

= IN - IN.cmp
C Angle(IN) - Angle(IA) D Recorded IN angle
344 P5/EN M/44B

Location mode
As in the Normal mode, the initial standing unbalance current vector (magnitude,
angle referred to IA) can be recorded during commissioning. The magnitude of the
standing unbalance current to be compensated is not user settable, but the
automatic compensation feature is provided. In Location Mode the branch of each
faulty element can be estimated and thus improve the fault finding and
maintainability of the capacitor bank.
Sensitive Setting
The stage Icap>2 Pick up value should be set based on the calculated unbalance
current change of one faulty element. The calculation can use the following
formula:
VP-N VP-N
-1 −
(2·π ·f·C1) (2·π ·f·C2)
-1
3IN = 3 P533E6B
C1 = Capacitor unit capacitance (μF)

C2 = Capacitor unit capacitance, after one element fails (μF)
The entered setting should be smaller than the calculated value. As a rule of
thumb 90% of the calculated unbalance current under one capacitor element
faulty is recommend as the current setting.
Counter Calculation
If there is an element failure in the bank, the relay checks the phase angle of the
unbalance current (referred to IA). Based on this angle, the protection relay can
detect the location of the faulty element and increase the corresponding counter
with the calculated faulty elements number. For a double-star connected capacitor
bank, there are a total of six counters to indicate six options for the location of the
faulty element, as shown in How a failure in different branches of the bank affects
the IN measurement, page 345.
The current setting is based on the unbalance current with one faulty capacitor
element, and the setting Max Allowed Faults is provided to specify how many
faulty capacitor elements are allowed without the relay operating. The faulty
element number can be calculated as follows:
N = compensated IN magnitude / IN setting
Figure 223 - How a failure in different branches of the bank affects the IN
measurement
Easergy P5 H I
A B G C
F D
E
P533E7A
A Branch 1 F Phase 2 fault in branch 1

B Branch 2 G Phase 1 fault in branch 2
C IA as reference H Phase 3 fault in branch 1
D Phase 1 fault in branch 1 I Phase 2 fault in branch 2
E Phase 3 fault in branch 2
P5/EN M/44B 345

Automatic Compensation
The operation time setting for stage Icap>2 specifies how long the relay must wait
until it is certain that there is a faulty element in the bank. After this time has
elapsed, the corresponding counter will contain the number of faults. If none of the
six counters reach the setting Max Allowed Faults, the stage Icap>2 makes a new
compensation automatically and the compensated unbalance current for this
stage is now zero. The Icap>2 stage will reset and be sensitive to a new faulty
element. Note the counters are not reset by this action and will continue to
accumulate any further faulty elements. As shown in Automatic compensation
under location mode, page 346, the current vector A is the initial recorded
standing unbalance current and the current vector B is the unbalance current with
the faulty capacitor elements. The new compensation current is “vector B – vector
A”. If one of the six counters reach the setting Max Allowed Faults, stage Icap>2 will
operate and the compensation current vector is recovered to the initial recorded
standing unbalance current vector A.
Note, the automatic compensation does not affect the measured unbalance
current of stage Icap>1.
Figure 224 - Automatic compensation under location mode
90
IN
A
180 0
B
270 P533E8B
Figure 225 - Capacitor unbalance protection with Location compensation mode
B
> &
IA
IN A Start
C &
IN.CSH
Register event
>
D Trip
Block &
Register event
SetBal Icap > Operate delay Faults

Enable events P533E9B
A Compensation value: IN.compensate B Mag(IN.compensate)

= IN - IN.cmp
C Recorded IN D Counter calculation
346 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 81 - Settings and characteristics of the capacitor bank unbalance
protection stage (ANSI 51C)
(description/label)
IN input/Input
Options IN.CSH , IN.calc, IN.meas
Pick-up setting/Pick-up setting
Setting range 0.02...20.00 pu70 for IN measured with standard EF CT;

0.05...20.00 pu70 for IN measured with CSH;
Resolution 0.01 pu
Accuracy ±3% or ±0.002 pu for IN measured with standard EF CT;

±3% or ±0.005 pu for IN measured with CSH;
Transient overreach < 10% with X/R up to 120
Resolution 0.01 s
Compensation Mode
Options Off; Normal; Location
Compensation Current (only available under Normal Compensation Mode)
Resolution 0.001 pu
Max Allowed Faults (only available under Location Compensation Mode)

Setting group
Number 4
70. PU is the per unit value based on Inom = phase CT primary nominal (IN.calc) or IN.nom = standard neutral CT primary nominal (IN.
meas) or IN.CSH.nom = CSH CT primary nominal (IN.CSH) or IN.sens.nom = sensitive neutral CT primary nominal (IN.sens)
71. PU is the per unit value based on Inom = phase CT primary nominal (IN.calc) or IN.nom = standard neutral CT primary nominal (IN.
meas) or IN.CSH.nom = CSH CT primary nominal (IN.CSH) or IN.sens.nom = sensitive neutral CT primary nominal (IN.sens)
P5/EN M/44B 347

Overvoltage (ANSI 59)

Description
The Overvoltage protection function (ANSI code 59) is used to detect system
voltages that are too high or to check that there is sufficient voltage to authorise a
source transfer.
The Overvoltage function provides the selection of phase to phase voltage or
phase to ground voltage. Whenever any of these voltages exceeds the pickup
value setting of a particular stage, this stage starts and a start signal is issued. If
the fault situation remains on longer than the operate time setting, a trip signal is
issued.
This function operates with either the definite time delay or inverse time delay
characteristic or programmable curves. The inverse time delay characteristic
follows the equation below:
t(G) = T
G
( ) −1
GS P533OUB
where:
• t(G) is the theoretical operate time in seconds with constant value of G.
• T is the time delay setting (theoretical operate time for G = 2Gs).
• G is the measured value of the characteristic quantity.
• Gs is the setting value.
Reset delay
The V> stage has a settable reset delay that enables the detection of intermittent
eventually trips if faults are occurring often enough.
Operate mode
The setting "Tripping logic" shall be available to configure the operate mode.
When "Tripping logic" is "Any Phase", the signal "General Trip" is ON when any
phase operates. When "Tripping logic" is "Three Phases", the signal "General
Trip" is ON when all three phases operate.

There are three separately adjustable stages. All these stages have the same
settings and performance.
348 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 226 - Block diagram of the Overvoltage protection function (ANSI 59)
VA/ VAB >

VA & A Start
&
Register event
VB/ VBC >
VB A & B Start
&
Register event
VC/ VCA >
VC & C Start
&
Register event
Block &
≥1
A Trip
&
Register event
&
≥1
B Trip
&
Register event
&
≥1
C Trip
&
Register event
≥1
General Start
≥1
General Trip
Measurement mode DT / IDMT Enable events

Pick-up value ( * ) Reset time
Trip Logic Check IDMT characteristics P533OVB
A Select setting
For the block diagram of the Tripping Logic, refer to Block diagram of the Tripping
Logic, page 259.
Characteristics
Table 82 - Settings and characteristics of the Overvoltage protection (ANSI
59)
(description/label)
Enable V>
Options Off/On
Pick-up value/V>
72. Vnom = VT primary nominal (PP) or Vnom/√3 = VT primary nominal (PN) depending on measurement mode parameter setting
P5/EN M/44B 349

Table 82 - Settings and characteristics of the Overvoltage protection (ANSI

59) (Continued)
(description/label)
Accuracy ±2% or ±0.05 V secondary
Measurement mode/MeasMode
Options Phase-Phase; Phase-Ground
Delay type/Type
Options DT; IDMT; Prg 1-3
Tripping logic/Triplogic
Options Any Phase; Three Phases
Operate delay/t<
Resolution 0.01 s
Reset time/Reset time

Resolution 0.01 s
Hysteresis
Setting range 1.0%...5.0%
Resolution 1.0%
Accuracy ±2%

Number 4
73. Vnom = VT primary nominal (PP) Vnom/√3 = VT primary nominal (PN)
350 P5/EN M/44B

Neutral overvoltage (ANSI 59N)

Description
The neutral overvoltage protection function (ANSI code 59N) is used as non-
selective backup for earth/ground faults and also for selective earth/ground fault
protection for motors having a unit transformer between the motor and the busbar.
This function is sensitive to the fundamental frequency component of the neutral
displacement voltage. The attenuation of the third harmonic is more than 60 dB
because third harmonics are present between the neutral point and earth/ground
even when there is no earth/ground fault.
Whenever the neutral voltage VN exceeds the start setting of a particular stage,
this stage issues a start signal. If the fault situation is present longer than the
operate time setting, a trip signal is issued.
Measuring the neutral overvoltage

The neutral displacement voltage is either measured with a single voltage
transformer between the motor's neutral point and earth/ground or calculated from
the measured phase to neutral voltages according to the selected voltage
measurement mode (see Voltages, page 410):
• When the voltage measurement mode contains "+VN": The neutral
displacement voltage is measured with voltage transformer(s), for example
using a broken delta connection such as 3VP+VN, 2VPP+VN and 2VPP+VN+
VPPy, the measured neutral voltage exists. In this scenario, user can select:
◦ in secondary volts,
VNsec.meas [V]
◦ as per unit value,
VNsec.meas [V]
VNsec.meas [p.u.] =
VNsec.nom [V]
◦ in primary kilovolts,
VNsec.meas [V]
VNprim.meas [kV] = VNprim.nom [kV]
VNsec.nom [V]
• When the voltage measurement mode is 3VP: The neutral displacement
voltage is calculated from the phase voltages and therefore no separate
neutral displacement voltage transformer is needed. The calculated neutral
voltage exists:
◦ in secondary volts,
VNsec.calc [V] = (VAsec.meas + VBsec.meas + VCsec.meas) [V]
◦ as per unit value,
VNsec.calc [V]
VNsec.calc [p.u.] =
VNsec.nom [V]
◦ in primary kilovolts,
VNsec.calc [V]
VNprim.calc [kV] = VNprim.nom [kV]
VNsec.nom [V]
• When the “Voltage measurement mode” is VPP/VPPy, the neutral voltage
displacement feature is not applicable, as the calculated neutral voltage is not
reliable.
P5/EN M/44B 351


There are three separately adjustable stages: VN>1, VN>2 and VN>3. All stages
operate with definite time (DT) operation characteristics.
Block diagram
The neutral overvoltage protection function (ANSI code 59N) is used as non-
selective backup for earth/ground faults also for selective earth/ground fault
protection for motors having a unit transformer between the motor and the busbar.
This function is sensitive to the fundamental frequency component of the neutral
voltage. Whenever the selected neutral voltage value, measured or calculated,
exceeds the pick-up setting of a particular stage, this stage starts and issues a
start signal. If the fault situation is present longer than the operate time delay
setting, a trip signal is issued.
Figure 227 - Block diagram of the neutral voltage displacement protection

function
VN > &
Start
Blocking
&
Register event
Trip
&
Register event
VN> t> Enable events P533EIB
Characteristics
Visibility of VT setting sections and VN setting sections depends on the fitted VTs
(and the selected measurement mode). The setting range will be updated as
required in the table below.
Table 83 - Settings and characteristics of the neutral overvoltage protection

function
(description/label)
Pick-up value
Accuracy ±2% or ± 0.005 pu74
Operate delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Reset time
74. √3 x Vnom
352 P5/EN M/44B

Table 83 - Settings and characteristics of the neutral overvoltage protection

function (Continued)
(description/label)
Resolution 0.01 s

Setting groups
Number 4
Evaluation VN
Options Measured/Calculated
P5/EN M/44B 353

Capacitor overvoltage (ANSI 59C)

Description
This capacitor overvoltage protection function (ANSI code 59C) calculates the
voltages of a three-phase Y-connected capacitor bank using the measured
currents of the capacitors and the capacitor reactance. No voltage measurements
are needed. Especially in filter applications, there are harmonics and, depending
on the phase angles, the harmonics can increase the peak voltage. This
protection function calculates the worst-case overvoltage in per-unit values
according to IEC 60871-1 standard. Harmonics up to 15th are taken into account.
15
Uc = Xc
UcLN ∑ In
n =1
h
Xc = 1
2·π ·f ·Cset
P533EJB where P533EKA
Uc = Amplitude of a pure fundamental frequency sine wave voltage, whose peak value is
equal to the maximum possible peak value of the actual voltage (including harmonics)
over a Y-coupled capacitor.
Xc = Reactance of the capacitor at the measured frequency
UcLN = Nominal voltage of the capacitance C.
n= Order number of harmonic. n = 1 for the fundamental frequency component. n = 2 for 2nd
harmonic etc.
Ih = nth harmonic of the measured phase current. h = 1 - 15.
f= Measured system frequency.
Cset = Single phase capacitance between phase and starpoint.
The above equation gives the maximum possible voltage, while the actual voltage
depends on the phase angles of the involved harmonics. The protection is
sensitive to the highest voltage of the three phase to neutral voltages. Whenever
this value exceeds the start setting of a particular stage, this stage starts and
issues a start signal. If the fault situation is present longer than the definite
operation delay setting, a trip signal is issued.
Reactive power of the capacitor bank

The rated reactive power per phase-earth/ground capacitor is calculated as
follows:
Q n = 2·π ·fn·UcLN ·Cset

2
P533ELA
Qn = Rated reactive power of the three-phase capacitor bank
fn = Rated frequency. 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
UcLN = Nominal voltage of the capacitance C.
Cset = Single phase capacitance between phase and starpoint.
Three separate capacitors connected in star (III Y)

In this configuration, the capacitor bank is built of three single-phase sections
without internal interconnections between the sections. The three sections are
externally connected to a star (Y). The single-phase to starpoint capacitance is
used as the setting value.
354 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 228 - Example of star (III Y) connected capacitor bank
A
NOM
B
f
C
A B C
NOM NOM NOM
set set set
set
Mvar P533EMA
Three phase capacitor connected internally in star (Y)

In this configuration, the capacitor bank consists of a three-phase capacitor
connected internally to a star (Y).
The single-phase to starpoint capacitance is used as the setting value, which can
be calculated from the capacitance CAB between phases A and B (as given on the
nameplate): Cset = 2CAB
Figure 229 - Three-phase capacitor bank connected internally in star (Y)
A
NOM
B
f
C
A B C
NOM
set AB
AB
P533ENA
Capacitance between phases A and B is 50 μF and the equivalent phase to

neutral capacitance is 100 μF whose value is also used as the setting value.
Overvoltage and reactive power calculation example

The capacitor bank is built of three separate 100 μF capacitors connected in star
(Y). The rated voltage of the capacitors is 8 kV; the measured frequency is 50.04
Hz and the rated frequency is 50 Hz.
The measured fundamental frequency current of phase A is: IA = 181 A; the
measured relative 2nd harmonic is: 2% = 3.62 A; the measured relative 3rd
harmonic is: 7% = 12.67 A; the measured relative 5th harmonic is: 5% = 9.05 A.
According to equation Cset = Cnameplate, the phase to starpoint capacitance is:
Cset = 100 μF
The rated power is: Qn = 2011 kvar
Q n = 2·π ·fn·UcLN ·Cset

2
P533ELA
The reactance is: Xc = 1 / (2π x 50.04 x 100 x 10 - 6) = 31.806 Ω
P5/EN M/44B 355

Xc = 1
2·π ·f ·Cset P533EKA
The pure fundamental voltage Uc having a peak value equal to the highest
possible voltage with similar harmonic content as the measured reactive capacitor
currents is: Ucp1 = 31.806 x (181 / 1 + 3.62 / 2 + 12.67 / 3 + 9.05 / 5) = 6006 V
and in per-unit values: Ucp1 = 6006/8000 = 0.75
15
Uc = Xc
UcLN ∑ In
n =1
h
P533EJB
The same calculation is executed for phases B and C. The highest of the three
values is compared to the start setting.
Block diagram
Figure 230 - Block diagram of the capacitor overvoltage protection function
(ANSI 59C)
IA Uc Max
IB Uc > &
Start
IC Uc &
Register event
f Trip
Blocking &
Register event
VN> Uc> t> Enable events P533EOB
Characteristics
Table 84 - Settings and characteristics of the capacitor overvoltage
protection Vcap>1
(description/label)
Pick-up value/Uc>
Setting range 0.10...2.50 xUcLN75
Resolution 0.01
Accuracy ±3%
L-N capacitance of one phase/C
Setting range 1.00...650.00 μF
Resolution 0.01 μF
Rated L-N voltage UcLN/UcLN
Setting range 100...260000 V
Resolution 1V
Operate delay/t> (DT)
Setting range 0...30.0 s
75. Phase to ground voltage rating of capacitor
356 P5/EN M/44B

Table 84 - Settings and characteristics of the capacitor overvoltage

protection Vcap>1 (Continued)
(description/label)
Resolution 0.5 s
Accuracy < 1.5 s
Start time < 1.5 s
Disengaging time < 1.5 s
Setting group
Number 4
P5/EN M/44B 357

Non-directional/directional earth/ground fault overcurrent

(ANSI 50N/51N/67N)
Description
The earth/ground fault overcurrent protection function (ANSI code 50N/51N/67N)
is used in networks or motors where a selective and sensitive earth/ground fault
protection is needed and in applications with varying network structure and length.
The directional earth/ground fault protection is adapted for various network earth/
ground systems.
According to the model of the Easergy P5 protection relay, the neutral current can
be:
• Measured with standard earth/ground fault CT;
• Measured with sensitive earth/ground fault CT;
• Measured with a CSH core balance CT;
• Calculated with the sum of the three phase currents.
The function is sensitive to the fundamental frequency component of the non-
directional/directional earth/ground fault overcurrent. When it is used as a
directional overcurrent, it is also sensitive to the neutral voltage plus the angle
between earth/ground fault current and neutral voltage, and the neutral voltage
and the phase angle between them. It is not sensitive to the third harmonic. For
directional mode, whenever the magnitude of neutral current IN and neutral
voltage VN and the phase angle between IN and VN fulfils the start criteria, the
stage starts and issues a start signal. If the fault situation is present longer than
the operate delay setting, a trip signal is issued.
Polarisation
The neutral displacement voltage used for polarisation is either directly measured
by neutral voltage channel of the Easergy P5 protection relay or, alternatively,
internally calculated from the three phase voltages depending on the selected
voltage measurement mode.
• 3VP, 3VP/VPPy and 3VP/VPy:
The neutral voltage is calculated from the phase voltages and therefore no
separate neutral voltage transformers are needed. The setting values are
relative to the VT primary value.
• 3VP+VN, 2VPP+VN, and 2VPP+VN+VPPy:
The neutral voltage is measured with dedicated voltage transformer for
example using a broken delta connection. The setting values are relative to
the VN primary value.
• VPP/VPPy
In this voltage measurement mode, only earth/ground fault overcurrent is
available in the eSetup Easergy Pro.
Dynamic setting element

Dynamic mode allows the earth/ground fault overcurrent protection settings
dynamically adjusted during the transient period. It can be applied to cooperate
between the Cold Load Pick-up, and also to realize voltage-controlled overcurrent.
For more information, refer to Dynamic setting element, page 324.
358 P5/EN M/44B

Selective overcurrent logic

The SOL function have dynamic impacts on the earth/ground fault overcurrent
settings of timer and start value. For more information on activating the SOL
function, refer to Selective overcurrent logic, page 324.
Inrush blocking
The user can block the overcurrent function by selecting the setting "Inrush
blocking" of each stage. The purpose is to make the earth overcurrent function
inoperative during the transformer energization, otherwise a large primary current
flows for a transient period will cause an unwanted trip. For more information, refer
to Inrush blocking, page 324.
Operating curve selection

The operating curve of the earth/ground fault overcurrent protection can be
selected to DT, standard dependent operate delay, and programmable dependent
operate delay. When the “Operating Curve” is set to IDMT curve, the settings “DT
adder” and “Minimum operate time” will show up. “DT adder” defines the additional
time delay plus the IDMT timer. “Minimum operate time” defines the minimum
operating time for IDMT curves to help ensure the IDMT stage will not trip faster
than the DT stage when the fault current is very large. For more information, refer
to Operating curve selection, page 325.
Modes for different network types

The available modes are:
• ResCap
This feature can be used with compensated networks when the Petersen coil
is temporarily switched off. This mode consists of two sub modes, Res and
Cap. A digital signal can be used to dynamically switch between these two
submodes. When the digital input is active (DI = 1), Cap mode is in use and
when the digital input is inactive (DI = 0), Res mode is in use.
◦ Res
The stage is sensitive to the resistive component of the selected IN signal.
This mode is used with compensated networks (resonant earthing/
grounding) and networks earthed/grounded with a high resistance
(resistive earthing/grounding). Compensation is usually done with a
Petersen coil between the neutral point of the main transformer and earth/
ground. In this context, high resistance means that the maximum earth/
ground fault current is limited to a certain value, e.g. to the rated phase
current. The trip area is a half plane as drawn in Operation characteristic
of the directional earth/ground fault protection in Res or Cap mode, page
360. The base angle is usually set to zero degrees.
◦ Cap
The stage is sensitive to the capacitive component of the selected IN
signal. This mode is used with unearthed/ungrounded (isolated) networks.
The trip area is a half plane as drawn in Operation characteristic of the
directional earth/ground fault protection in Res or Cap mode, page 360.
The base angle is usually set to zero degrees.
• Sector
This mode is used with networks earthed/grounded with a small resistance. In
this context, "small" means that a fault current may be more than the rated
phase currents. The trip area has a shape of a sector as drawn in Two
examples of operation characteristic of the directional earth/ground fault
stages in Sector mode, page 360. The angle offset is usually set to zero
degrees or slightly on the lagging inductive side (negative angle).
P5/EN M/44B 359

• NoDir
This mode makes the stage equal to the non-directional stage IN>. The
phase angle and VN amplitude setting are discarded. Only the amplitude of
the selected IN input matters.
Figure 231 - Operation characteristic of the directional earth/ground fault

protection in Res or Cap mode
+90°
INsinᵠ >
CAP
Pick-up value
IN
RES
ᵠ
0°
INcosᵠ >
-VN
Pick-up value
P533EWB
Figure 232 - Two examples of operation characteristic of the directional

earth/ground fault stages in Sector mode
+90° +90°
Angle offset = +32°
Angle offset = -15° Sector = ±120°
Sector = ±70°
IN
B
32°
A 120°
70°
0° 0°
-VN 120°
70°
A -VN
15°
IN B
P533EXC
A IN pick-up setting B Trip area
The drawn IN phasor in both figures is inside the trip area. The angle offset and
half sector size are user’s parameters.
Input signal selection

Each stage can be connected to supervise any of the following inputs and signals:
• Input IN measured for all networks other than solidly earthed/grounded.
• Calculated neutral current INcalc for solidly and low-impedance earthed/
grounded networks.
360 P5/EN M/44B

Intermittent earth/ground fault detection

Short earth/ground faults make the protection start but do not cause a trip. A short
fault means one cycle or more. For transient intermittent earth/ground faults
shorter than 1 ms in compensated networks, there is a dedicated protection stage
IN.int>. When starting happens frequently, such intermittent faults can be cleared
using the intermittent time setting.
When a new start happens within the set intermittent time, the operation delay
counter is not cleared between adjacent faults and finally the stage trips.
Faulty phase detection during earth/ground fault

Phase recognition
A neutral voltage displacement has been detected.
A faulted phase or phases are detected in the two-stage system.
1. Use delta principle to detect the faulty phase/phases.
2. Configuration of the faulty phase with neutral current angle comparison to the
suspected faulted phase.
For an ideal, grounded network, when there is a forward earth/ground fault in
phase A, its current increases, creating a calculated or measured zero sequence
current with a phase angle of 0 degrees. If there is a reverse earth/ground fault in
phase A, its current decreases creating a calculated or measured zero sequence
current with a phase angle of 180 degrees.
When there is a forward earth/ground fault in phase B, its current increases
creating a calculated or measured zero sequence current with a phase angle of
-120 degrees. If there is a reverse earth/ground fault in phase B, its current
decreases creating a calculated or measured zero sequence current with a phase
angle of 60 degrees. When there is a forward earth/ground fault in phase C, its
current increases creating a calculated or measured zero sequence current with a
phase angle of 120 degrees. If there is a reverse earth/ground fault in phase C its
current degreases creating a calculated or measured zero sequence current with
a phase angle of -60 degrees.
For a compensated network, the stability of the protection depends on the network
compensation degree. So for compensated networks, this feature can be turned
off to avoid confusion.
For high-impedance earthed/grounded networks, there is a drop-down menu in all
setting groups to choose between RES/CAP. RES is the default and it is for
earthed/grounded networks. When CAP is chosen, the IN angle is corrected to an
inductive direction of 90 degrees.
Possible outcomes and conditions for those detections

• FWD IA
Phase A increases above the set limit and two other phases remain inside the
set (delta) limit. IN current angle is +/- 60 degrees from phase A’s phase
angle.
• FWD IB
Phase B increases above the set limit and two other phases remain inside the
set (delta) limit. IN current angle is +/- 60 degrees from phase B’s phase
angle.
• FWD IC
Phase C increases above the set limit and two other phases remain inside the
set (delta) limit. IN current angle is +/- 60 degrees from phase C’s phase
angle.
P5/EN M/44B 361

• FWD IA - IB
Phase A and B increase above the set limit and phase C remains inside the
set (delta) limit. IN current angle is between phase A’s and phase B’s phase
angles.
• FWD IB - IC
Phase B and C increase above the set limit and phase A remains inside the
set (delta) limit. IN current angle is between phase B’s and phase C’s phase
angles.
• FWD IC - IA
Phase C and A increase above the set limit and phase B remains inside the
set (delta) limit. IN current angle is between phase C’s and phase A’s phase
angles.
• FWD IA - IB - IC
All three phase currents increase above the set delta limit.
• REV 1 (any one phase)
One phase decreases below the set delta limit and other two phases remain
inside the delta limit.
• REV 2 (any two phases)
Two phases decrease below the set delta limit and third phase remains inside
the delta limit.
• REV 3 (all three phases)
All three phase currents decrease below the set delta limit.
Different simulated fault scenarios

Figure 233 - Phase A forward
Pre-fault Pre-fault Fault Fault
IC IC
IA
0° 0° 0° 0°
IN
IB IB
IA IN
P533EEB
Healthy conditions Healthy conditions Phase A e/f Phase A e/f

A, B, C, 100A IN, 0A IA, 384A<-75° IN, 187A<-87°
Figure 234 - Phase B forward
IC IC IN
IB
IA
0° 0° 0° 0°
IA
IN
IB
P533EFB
Healthy conditions Healthy conditions Phase B e/f Phase B e/f

A, B, C, 100A IN, 0A IB, 384A<-165° IN, 187A<-153°
362 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 235 - Phase C forward
IC
IC IN
IA
0° 0° 0° 0°
IA
IN
IB IB
P533EGB
Healthy conditions Healthy conditions Phase C e/f Phase C e/f

A, B, C, 100A IN, 0A IC, 384A<-46° IN, 187A<-33°
Fault recording
When a faulty phase is recognised, it is recorded in the earth/ground fault current
protection fault log (also in the event list and alarm screen). This faulted phase
and direction recording function have a tick box in eSetup Easergy Pro for
enabling/disabling in the protection stage settings.
Six independent stages

There are six separately adjustable stages: IN>1, IN>2, IN>3, IN>4, IN>5 and
IN>6.
All the stages can be configured for definite operation time (DT) or dependent
operation time.
NOTE: The Easergy P5 protection relay shows a scalable graph of the
configured delay on the local panel display.
Block diagram
Figure 236 - Block diagram of the non-directional/directional earth/ground fault overcurrent protection
function operating in ResCap mode (ANSI 50N/51N/67N)
IN input* Res / Cap &

>
VN*
> Start
&
Register event
≥1
Block*
Trip
&
Register event
Direction mode Enable events

Channel control Reset curve
Angle offset Operating curve Min Operate delay
VN pick-up value Operate delay* DT adder
IN pick-up value* Reset delay TMS* P533R8B
P5/EN M/44B 363

NOTE:
• The IN input can be IN.calc, IN.meas, IN.sens based on the
configuration.
• The VN can be directly measured from an open delta VT or calculated
from three phase VTs.
• Block input can be signals configured via Block Matrix, due to inrush
condition detected, or blocked under the VTS condition based on the
configuration and operating condition.
• IN pick-up value is either the setting IN pick-up value or the Dynamic
threshold depending on the configuration and operating condition.
• Operate delay is either the setting Operate delay, the SOL operate
delay or the Dynamic operate delay setting depending on the
• TMS value is either the setting TMS, the SOL TMS or the Dynamic TMS
setting depending on the configuration and operating condition.
• Res / Cap: when working as Res mode, the operate characteristic follows
the equation: IN* cos (Angle (IN) - Angle(-VN) - Angle offset) > IN pick-up
value. when working as Cap mode, the operate characteristic follows the
equation: IN* sin (Angle (IN) - Angle(-VN) - Angle offset) > IN pick-up
value.
function operating in Sector mode (ANSI 50N/51N/67N)
IN input* &
A
VN*
>
Start
> &
Register event
≥1
Block*
Trip
&
Register event
Direction mode Enable events

Sector Reset curve
Angle offset Operating curve Min Operate delay
VN pick-up value Operate delay* DT adder
IN pick-up value* Reset delay TMS* P533P3B
A Directional check
The operate characteristic should follow the equation: | Angle (IN) - Angle(-VN) - Angle offset | < Sector
NOTE:
configuration.
364 P5/EN M/44B

function operating in Non-dir mode (ANSI 50N/51N/67N)
&
IN input* >
Start
&
Register event
≥1
Block*
Trip
&
Register event
Enable events
IN pick-up value* Reset curve
Operating curve Min Operate delay
Operate delay* DT adder
Reset delay TMS* P533P4B
NOTE:
configuration.
Restricted earth-fault with external connection (high-impedance)

The high impedance protection principle can be applied as differential protection
for machines, power transformers and busbar installations. It is offering stability
for any type of fault occurring outside the protected zone and satisfactory
operation speed for faults within the zone. The Easergy P5 protection relays can
realize this application. Both the standard neutral overcurrent element and the
very sensitive neutral overcurrent element can be used for high-impedance
restricted earth fault (REF) protection. The information about application, setting
examples and recommendations for resistors can be found in the Application
Book.
Characteristics
earth/ground fault overcurrent protection function (ANSI 50N/51N/67N)
(description/label)
IN Pick-up value/IN>
Setting range For delay type DT:

0.020...20.000 pu76 for IN measured with standard EF CT;
0.050...40.000 pu76 for IN calculated;
0.002...10.000 pu76 for IN measured with sensitive EF CT.
76. Inom for IN.calc; IN.nom for IN.meas; IN.sens.nom for IN.sens.meas; IN.CSH.nom for IN.CSH
P5/EN M/44B 365


(Continued)
(description/label)
For delay type IDMT:

Accuracy ±2% or ±0.002 pu77 for IN measured with standard EF CT;

±2% or ±0.005 pu77 for IN measured with CSH;
±2% or ±0.005 pu77 for IN calculated;
±2% or ±0.0005 pu77 for IN.sens measured with sensitive EF CT.
Transient overreach < 5% for X/R up to 120
VN Pick-up value/
IN input/Input
Options IN.calc, IN, IN.sens, IN.CSH
VN input mode
Options Measured, Calculated
Operating Curve
Options DT;
IEEE: MI, VI, EI
ANSI: NI, STI, LTI
Others: UK_Rectifier, FR_STI, RI, STI_CO2, LTI_CO5, MI_CO7,
NI_CO8, VI_CO9, EI_CO11, BPN
Prg1-3
Resolution 0.01
TMS/TMS
Resolution 0.001
DT adder/DT adder
Resolution 0.01 s
Minimum operate delay/Min operate delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Options ResCap, Sector, Non_Dir
Char ctrl. in ResCap mode/ChCtrl
Options Res, Cap, DI, VI
78. √3 x Vnom
366 P5/EN M/44B


(Continued)
(description/label)
Angle offset/Offset
Setting range -180°...+179°
Resolution 1°
Accuracy ±2°
Reset ratio (angle) 2°
Pick up sector size
Sector size 10°...170°

VTS blocking
Options Blocked, Non-directional

Resolution 0.01 s
SOL use by INDir>
Options Off; SOL1; SOL2
Resolution 0.1s
SOL TMS/SOL TMS

Resolution 0.001
Dynamic mode/Dynamic mode
Options Off/On
Dynamic threshold/Dyn pick-up value
Setting range For delay type DT:

0.020...20.000 pu79 measured with standard EF CT;
0.050...20.000 pu79 measured with CSH;
0.050...40.000 pu79 calculated;
For delay type IDMT:

Accuracy ±2% or ±0.002 pu79 for IN measured with standard EF CT;

±2% or ±0.005 pu79 for IN measured with CSH;
±2% or ±0.005 pu79 for IN calculated;
±2% or ±0.0005 pu79 forIN.sens measured with sensitive EF CT.
Dynamic operate delay/Dynamic op delay
P5/EN M/44B 367


(Continued)
(description/label)
Resolution 0.01 s
Dynamic TMS/Dynamic TMS
Resolution 0.001
Start time < 30 ms/25 ms (with high speed) at 2 x Is pick-up value for non-
directional
< 45 ms/40ms (with high speed) for directional
Disengaging time < 65 ms/80 ms80
Overshoot time < 30 ms at 2 x Is

Setting group
Number 4
NOTE: The timer accuracy is only for the pure timer accuracy, not including
the start time.
80. The 2nd value is only for high speed high break digital outputs.
368 P5/EN M/44B

Restricted earth fault protection (ANSI 64REF)

Description
Earth faults occurring on a transformer winding or terminal may be of limited
magnitude, either due to the impedance present in the earth path or by the
percentage of transformer winding that is involved in the fault. It is common to
apply standby earth fault protection fed from a single CT in the transformer earth
connection, this provides time-delayed protection for a transformer winding or
terminal fault. In general, particularly as the size of the transformer increases, it
becomes unacceptable to rely on time-delayed protection to clear winding or
terminal faults as this would lead to an increased amount of damage to the
transformer. A common requirement is therefore to provide instantaneous phase
and earth fault protection. Applying differential protection across the transformer
may fulfill these requirements. However, an earth fault occurring on the LV
winding, particularly if it is of a limited level, may not be detected by the differential
relay, as it is only measuring the corresponding HV current. Therefore,
instantaneous protection that is restricted to operating for transformer earth faults
only is applied. This is referred to as Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection.
When applying differential protection such as REF, some suitable means must be
employed to give the protection stability under external fault conditions, thus
ensuring that relay operation occurs for faults inside the protected zone only. For
this, two methods are commonly used:
• The low impedance REF (biased REF) technique operates by measuring the
level of current flowing through the protected object (through phase, neutral
and ground connections) and altering the relay sensitivity according to the
level of currents. The dedicated 64REF protection function is such a biased
differential function.
• The high impedance REF technique ensures that the relay circuit is of
sufficiently high impedance such that the differential voltage that may occur
under external fault conditions is less than that required to drive set current
through the relay. Such protection scheme can be set up with P5 neutral
overcurrent elements, as detailed in related application note.
Figure 239 - Basic biased REF scheme
A
B
B
C
N
C
Easergy P5
IA
IB
IC
IN (or IN.sens)
IN (or IN.sens)
P533PFA
A Zone of protection B Protected object C Optional (5CT application)
The Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection principle has several advantages. It is
very selective because the protection zone is limited between the current
transformers that are used for the Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection.
Because of its selectivity, the Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection requires no
P5/EN M/44B 369

additional time delay for protection coordination. Therefore, the Restricted Earth
Fault (REF) protection is especially suitable for the protection of transformers and
rotating machines against internal ground faults. Because of the differential
protection principle, it is also very sensitive which makes it suitable for detecting
faults located near the neutral point of transformers and rotating machines.
The low-impedance Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection function is sensitive to
the fundamental frequency component of the measured currents.
Wording
REF is also referred to as Balanced Earth Fault (BEF) Protection, where this
terminology is usually used when the protection is applied to a delta winding. Also
in some areas the use of "Ground" instead of "Earth" is preferred.
5CT Application
For protection of 4 wire systems (including the dashed connections in Basic
biased REF scheme, page 369) the "5CT application" feature in REF has to be
enabled. In all other REF applications this feature shall remain disabled.
CT polarity
Low impedance Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection function measures phase
and neutral currents, as sketched in Basic biased REF scheme, page 369. When
calculating differential and bias currents, the sign of the measured currents must
be considered. Accordingly, settings are provided to adjust actual wiring to the
function needs. These settings can be found in the GENERAL menu/Scaling sub-
menu.
• Phase CT polarity: Standard/Opposite
• IN CT polarity: Standard/Opposite
• IN.sens CT polarity: Standard/Opposite
Standard polarity is given with CT star point outside the zone of protection.
NOTE: Configuration of the polarity of both neutral current CTs is only
required in case of “5CT application”. In 4 CT applications, just polarity of
that neutral CT must be set which is selected as IG input.
Amplitude matching
Neutral CTs can have smaller current ratio than phase CTs, reflecting different
expected fault currents for phase and ground faults as a result from power system
grounding impedances. In order to calculate correct differential and bias currents,
such differences in CT ratio must be considered.
For this purpose, Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection function automatically
scales all currents to a common reference, which is the phase CT primary current.
This scaling uses matching factors which are calculated from the ratio of the
neutral and phase CTs.
• Standard earth fault current amplitude matching factor:
IN CT scaling factor = Neutral CT ratio / Phase CT ratio
• Sensitive earth fault current amplitude matching factor:
IN.sens scaling CT factor = Sensitive neutral CT ratio / Phase CT ratio
Where:
◦ Phase CT ratio = IP CT primary / IP CT secondary
◦ Neutral CT ratio = IN CT primary / IN CT secondary
◦ Sensitive neutral CT ratio = IN.sens CT prim. / IN.sens CT sec.
370 P5/EN M/44B

Permissible ranges of the matching factors are within 0.1 and 32. If this condition
is not satisfied, the low impedance Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection will be
blocked.
Example: Phase CT ratio is 1000A: 1A; Neutral CT ratio is 500A: 5A; Then
reference current is 1000A = phase CT primary nominal current and IN scaling
factor is 500:5 / 1000:1 = 0.1.
Measurements
Low impedance Restricted Earth Fault (REF) protection will be blocked. Protection
function calculates differential and bias currents. The continuously updated values
of these measurements are displayed on device HMI and are available for
communication both to local operating tool as well as to remote SCADA systems
for monitoring during normal operation or check during commissioning.
The differential current is always calculated as vectorial sum of all currents, for
example:
• In 4 CT application: Id = | IA + IB + IC + I'G |
• In 5 CT application: Id = | IA + IB + IC + I'G + I’N |
Where:
• IA, IB, IC are the phase currents.
• I'G is the amplitude matched current flowing through the star point to ground
(measured through standard or sensitive neutral CT acc. to selected IG input).
• I’N is the amplitude matched current from the neutral wire CT in "5CT
application" (measured through remaining neutral CT, not set as IG input).
The bias current calculation depends on selected operating mode.
Operating modes
There are two operating modes selectable:
• Sum(IP) bias = Biased by sum of phase currents
• Max(IP) bias = Biased by maximum phase current
The difference between both is the definition of the restraining current and their
tripping characteristic.
Biased by sum of phase currents

In this operating mode, bias current is calculated as follows:
• In 4 CT application: Ib = | IA + IB + IC | = | Σ(IP) |
• In 5 CT application: Ib = | IA + IB + IC + I’N |
Where:
application" (measured through standard or sensitive neutral CT not selected
as "IG input").
The related differential characteristic is shown in REF tripping characteristic in
operating mode "Sum(IP) bias", page 372 as the solid red line.
P5/EN M/44B 371

Figure 240 - REF tripping characteristic in operating mode "Sum(IP) bias"
3.0
Idiff
2.5
trip
2.0
k = 1.005
(fix)
1.5
no trip
1.0
0.5 Trip characteristic

transient phase CT saturation
Id1
0.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Ibias 3.0
The characteristic has a fixed slope of 1.005, beginning at the "Low set Id1". The
characteristics equation is: Id = Id1 + 1.005 x Ib.
The dashed blue line indicates the values of apparent differential and bias
currents (Id, Ib) in case of transient saturation of a phase CT during an external
phase fault. As per definition above for calculating differential and bias currents,
this characteristic is always below the tripping characteristic, hence in stable
region.
The slope provides slight increase of stability margin (slight increase of required
differential current for tripping) with increasing sum of phase currents.
NOTE: Low impedance REF biased by sum of phase currents is only
applicable where the protected object (e.g. transformer winding) has a neutral
point earthing which is fitted with a CT, because it needs measured ground
current to operate. So this mode cannot be applied for balanced earth fault
protection or delta windings. Its main advantage is an inherent stability against
transient phase CT saturation.
Biased by maximum phase current

In this operating mode, bias current is calculated as follows:
• In 4 CT application: Ib = 0.5 x (Max{| IA |, | IB |, | IC |} + | I'G |)
• In 5 CT application: Ib = 0.5 x (Max{| IA |, | IB |, | IC |, | I’N | } + | I'G |)
Where:
• I'G is the amplitude matched current flowing through the star point to ground
(measured through standard or sensitive neutral CT acc. to selected "IG
input").
application" (measured through standard or sensitive neutral CT not selected
as "IG input").
A dual slope characteristic is required with this operating mode, as shown in REF
Tripping characteristic in operating mode "Max(IP) bias”, page 373 as solid red
line.
372 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 241 - REF Tripping characteristic in operating mode "Max(IP) bias”
3.0
Idiff
2.5
trip
2.0
k2
1.5
no trip
1.0
0.5 m
k11 Trip characteristic
transient phase CT saturation
Id1
0.0
0.0 0.5 Ib1 1.5 2.0 2.5 Ibias 3.0
Also this characteristic starts at "Low set Id1", has a first section with "slope k1" for
bias currents up to "Bias current Ib1" setting and then a second section with higher
"slope k2" for increased stability at high bias current levels.
The characteristics equations for the two ranges are:
• For Ib ≤ Ib1: Id = Id1 + k1 x Ib
• For Ib > Ib1: Id = Id1 + k1 x Ib + (k2 - k1) x (Ib – Ib1)
The dashed blue line in the figure indicates the values of apparent differential and
bias currents (Id, Ib) in case of transient saturation of a phase CT (or likewise a
single phase current infeed test).
In order to reduce the risk of false tripping caused from phase CT saturation only,
this operating mode is accomplished with a check for minimum ground current. A
trip is released only if the measured current exceeds the set threshold “Min
measured IG”.
NOTE:
• It is recommended that this threshold is set below Id1, otherwise it
introduces a further restriction in the tripping characteristic. If this
constraint is intentionally not required, it could be disabled by setting the
threshold to 0 pu.
• This mode has the advantage of being universally applicable to all kinds
of protected objects with or without neutral point earthing, i.e. including
balanced earth fault protection for unearthed star or delta windings.
Unless minimum star point current constraint is set up, this bias definition
also allows the user to apply tripping test simply by shorting a phase
current (for simulation of neutral current) without the need of current
injection equipment.
P5/EN M/44B 373

Block diagram
Figure 242 - Low impedance REF function structure overview
Idiff
IA/IB/IC
IN A &
IN.sens
Start
Ibias
&
Block Register event
Trip
&
Register event
High set mode Enable events

Operating mode Operate delay
Slope k1 Bias current Ib1
Slope k2 Min measured IG
Low set Id1 CTS operating mode
High set Id2 P533PGB
A REF calculation
High-set unrestrained differential operation

Within low impedance REF protection function an unrestrained operation can be
enabled by selecting "High set mode". If this feature is enabled and the differential
current exceeds the “High set Id2”, REF will trip regardless the actual bias current.
Current Transformer Supervision (CTS)

REF function has a binary input, that can be asserted from CTS function,
configurable in blocking matrix.
REF operation in presence of a CTS alarm is settable as follows:
• Indication: CTS alarm has no impact on REF operation. It is an indication
only.
• Blocking: REF is blocked while the CTS alarm is present, to avoid any
maloperation.
• Restraining: REF trip characteristic is shifted vertically while the CTS alarm is
present, by activating the dedicated setting "CTS low set Id1" instead of
normal "Low set Id1". That way bias is increased, yet REF remains
operational for faults with high current level.
374 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 86 - Settings and characteristics of the low impedance restricted earth
fault protection function (ANSI 64REF)
(description/label)
IG input/IG input
Option IN.meas/IN.sens
5 CT application/5 CT application
Option Enable/Disable
Phase CT polarity/Phase CT polarity81
Option Standard/Opposite
Neutral CT polarity/Neutral CT polarity81
Sensitive neutral CT polarity/Sensitive neutral CT polarity81
Operating mode/Operating mode
Option Sum(IP) bias/Max(IP) bias
Low set Id1/Low set Id1

Min measured IG/Min measured IG

Slope k1/Slope k1
Setting range 0...100%
Resolution 1%
Slope k2/Slope k2
Setting range 10...200%
Resolution 1%
Bias current Ib1/Bias current Ib1

High set mode/High set mode
Option Enable/Disable
High set Id2/High set Id2
Resolution 0.01 s
CTS operating mode/CTS operating mode
Option Indication/Blocking/Restraining
81. These settings can be found in the GENERAL menu/Scaling sub-menu.

82. Inom
P5/EN M/44B 375

Table 86 - Settings and characteristics of the low impedance restricted earth

fault protection function (ANSI 64REF) (Continued)
(description/label)
CTS low set Id1/CTS low set Id1

Inhibit REF/Inhibit REF

Option DI/VI/Function key
Start time < 40 ms/35 ms (with high speed) at 2 x pick-up value
Setting group
Number 4
83. Inom
376 P5/EN M/44B

Transient intermittent earth/ground fault (ANSI 67NI)

Description
The directional transient intermittent earth/ground fault protection function (ANSI
code 67NI) is used to detect short transient intermittent faults in compensated
cable networks. The transient faults are self-extinguished at the zero crossing of
the transient part of the fault current IFault and the fault duration is typically just 0.1 -
1 ms. Such short intermittent faults can not be correctly recognised by
conventional directional earth/ground fault function using the fundamental
frequency components of IN and VN only.
Although a single transient fault usually self extinguishes within less than 1 ms, in
most cases a new fault happens when the line to neutral voltage of the faulty
phase has recovered.
Figure 243 - Typical line to neutral voltages, earth/ground fault current of the
faulty feeder and the neutral displacement voltage during two transient
earth/ground faults in phase A (the network is compensated)
VA
VB
VC
IN
VN
t (ms)
P533EYC
Block diagram
Figure 244 - Block diagram of the directional transient intermittent earth/ground fault stage IN.int>
IN samples IN
IN
IN peak
>
0.1 x In
A
DIV
IN FFT >
1.5
VN samples
VN VN Start
&
Register event
&
B Trip
VN > &
Register event
Block
Enable events
VN> Intermittent time
Min number of Peaks Operate delay
P533EZA
A Transient algorithm B Counter
P5/EN M/44B 377

Operation
Direction calculation
The function is sensitive to the instantaneous sampled values of the earth/ground
fault overcurrent and neutral voltage displacement voltage. The sample of the
neutral voltage can be from a direct VN measurement with a voltage transformer,
or can be calculated from the three phase voltages.
NOTE: Connect the VN signal according to the connection diagram to achieve
correct polarisation.
Co-ordination with the conventional directional earth/ground fault

protection based on fundamental frequency signals
The transient intermittent earth/ground fault current stage IN.int> should always
be used together with the conventional directional earth/ground fault overcurrent
protection stages IN>1, IN>2. The transient stage IN.int> may in worst case detect
the start of a steady earth/ground fault in wrong direction but does not trip because
the peak value of a steady state sine wave IN signal must also exceed the
corresponding base frequency component's peak value to allow IN.int> to trip.
The operate time of the transient stage IN.int> should be lower than the settings of
any directional earth/ground fault overcurrent stage to avoid any unnecessary trip
from the IN>1 and IN>2 stages .The start signal of the IN.int> stage can be also
used to block IN>1, IN>2 stages of all parallel feeders.
Auto reclosing
The start signal of any IN>1 stage initiating auto reclosing (AR) can be used to
block the IN.int> stage to avoid the IN.int> stage with a long intermittent setting to
interfere with the AR cycle.
Usually the IN.int> stage itself is not used to initiate any AR. For transient faults,
the AR does not help because the fault phenomena itself already includes a
repetitive unsuccessful self-extinguishing.
Operate time, peak amount counter and intermittent time coordination

The protection function has three independently settable parameters: operation
delay, required number of peaks and intermittent time. All characteristics need to
be satisfied before the stage issues a trip signal. There is also a settable reset
delay so that the stage does not release before the circuit breaker has operated.
If, for example, the number of peaks is set to 2, the operation delay is set to 160
ms and the intermittent time to 200 ms, then the function starts the operation delay
from the first peak. If the second peak occurs after 80 ms, the peak amount criteria
is satisfied. After 160 ms the delay time elapses, all operate criteria are satisfied
and the stage trips.
If the second peak does not occur before the operational delay elapses, the stage
is released after the intermittent time has elapsed. But if the second peak occurs
after the operate time has elapsed but still within the intermittent time, then a trip is
issued instantly.
If the intermittent time elapses before the operation delay elapses, the stage is
reset.
There are a couple of limitations to avoid completely incorrect settings. Peaks
cannot occur more often than twice per period, so there are about 10 ms in
between (at 50 Hz nominal frequency). Therefore if the peak amount is set to 10,
then the operation delay setting does not accept a value smaller than 100 ms.
Vice versa, if the operation delay is set to 40 ms, then it is not possible to set a
peak amount greater than 4. This prohibits settings that can be never satisfied.
378 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 245 - Peak amount condition is satisfied and operate time elapses
within intermittent time setting. Stage issues a trip.
UN
IN
Intermittent time = 0.2 s
Operation time = 0.16 s

Reset delay = 0.1 s
TRIP
Setting for minimum number of peaks = 2
Time (s)
P533F0B
Figure 246 - Peak amount condition is not satisfied when operation delay
elapses but last required peak occurs during intermittent time. Stage then
issues instant trip.
UN
IN

Intermittent time
Operation time = 0.16 s Reset delay = 0.1 s
TRIP, setting for minimum number of peaks = 3
Time (s)
P533F2B
Figure 247 - Peak amount condition is satisfied but intermittent time elapses
before operate time. Stage is reset.
UN
IN

Intermittent time
Operation time = 0.3 s
Setting for minimum number of peaks = 2 No trip!

TRIP
Time (s)
P533F1B
P5/EN M/44B 379

Characteristics
Table 87 - Settings and characteristics of the transient intermittent earth/
ground fault protection stage IN.int>
(description/label)
IN input
Options IN peak, IN.CSH peak , IN.sens peak
Direction mode/Mode
Options Forward; Reverse
IN peak value/INPeak
Value 0.1 pu84 (fixed)
VN Pick-up/VN>
Resolution 1% pu85
Accuracy ±3%
Min number of peaks/MinPeaks
Resolution 1
Operate delay/t>
Resolution 0.02 s
Reset delay/Rst delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Intermittent time/Intmt time86
Resolution 0.01 s
Start time < 50 ms/45 ms (with high speed) maximum
Setting group
Number 4
85. √3 x VT primary nominal (PN)
86. Common setting for setting group 1, 2, 3, 4.
380 P5/EN M/44B

5th harmonic (H5) detection (ANSI 68H5)

Description
Overexciting a transformer creates odd harmonics. The fifth harmonic component
can be used to detect overexcitation. This stage can also be used to block some
other function stages.
The ratio between the fifth harmonic component and the fundamental frequency
component is measured on all the phase currents. When the ratio in any phase
exceeds the setting value, the stage activates a start signal. After a settable delay,
the stage operates and activates a trip signal.
It is recommended to set the trip delay to longer than 60 ms, to block properly the
protection stages.
Block diagram
Figure 248 - Block diagram of the 5th harmonic detection stage Ih5>
IA H5 Max
IB H5 > &
IC H5
Start
&
Register event
Block
Trip
&
Register event
Enable events
Pick-up value
Operate delay
P533F3B
NOTE: The amplitude of fifth harmonic content has to be at least 2% of the CT

nominal current. For example, if the nominal current is 5 A, the fifth harmonic
component needs to exceed 100 mA.
Characteristics
Table 88 - Setting and characteristics of the 5th harmonic detection stage
Ih5>
(description/label)
Resolution 1%
Accuracy ±1% or ±0.005 Inom
Resolution 0.01 s
P5/EN M/44B 381

Table 88 - Setting and characteristics of the 5th harmonic detection stage

Ih5> (Continued)
(description/label)
Setting group
Number 1
382 P5/EN M/44B

Auto-recloser function (ANSI 79)

Description
The auto-recloser (AR) function (ANSI code 79) can be used in feeder protection
relays to help protect an overhead line.
The function uses the object control function to control the CB open/close
sequence. All other object control methods are in simultaneous use, including
object failure monitoring. If the circuit breaker (CB) control fails or another function
controls the CB, the AR sequence stops.
Purpose
Typically protection functions detect the fault and trigger the AR function. After
tripping the circuit breaker, the AR function can reclose the CB. Normally, the first
reclose (or shot) is so short in time that users cannot notice anything. However,
the fault is cleared and the feeder will continue in normal service.
Auto-recloser principle
Even though the basic principle of AR is very simple, there are a lot of different
timers and parameters that have to be set.
The Easergy P5 protection relays provide auto-reclosing with up to five shots. A
shot consists of open time (so called “dead” time) and closed time (so called
“burning” time or discrimination time). A high-speed shot means that the dead time
is less than one second. The time-delayed shot means longer dead times up to
two to three minutes.
There are four AR lines. A line means an initialisation signal for AR. Normally, start
or trip signals of protection functions are used to initiate an AR sequence. Each
AR line has a priority. AR1 has the highest and AR4 has the lowest priority. This
means that if two lines are initiated at the same time, AR follows only the highest
priority line. A very typical configuration of the lines is that the instantaneous
overcurrent stage initiates the AR1 line, time-delayed overcurrent stage the AR2
line and earth/ground fault protection will use lines AR3 and AR4.
Figure 249 - Auto-reclose matrix
AR-matrix Ready Start delay Dead time Discrimination Reclaim time

(Wait for Open Close time
.
.
I>t AR-request) CB CB
I>>s I>s
DirectTrip 0...300 s Reclaim time
0...300 s
Shot 1 AR1 In use succeeded
0...300 s 0...300 s 0...300 s 0...300 s
AR2 In use Move back
to shot 1
Not in use 0...300 s 0...300 s

Shot 2 In use
If the direct trip If new AR
signal is request is
activated activated
during during reclaim
discrimination time, continue
time, the final on next shot
trip is issued
Shot
3...5
P533F4A
P5/EN M/44B 383

The AR matrix above defines which signals (the start and trip signals from
protection stages or digital input) are forwarded to the AR function. In the AR
function, the AR signals can be configured to initiate the reclose sequence. Each
shot from 1 to 5 has its own enabled/disabled flag. If more than one AR signal
activates at the same time, AR1 has highest priority and AR5 the lowest. Each AR
signal has an independent start delay for the shot 1. If a higher priority AR signal
activates during the start delay, the start delay setting will be changed to that of
the highest priority AR signal.
After the start delay, the CB is opened if it is still closed (i.e. if no trip has been
issued from another protection function in the mean time). When the CB opens, a
dead time timer is started. Each shot from 1 to 5 has its own dead time setting.
When dead time elapses, the reclose command is sent to the breaker and the
reclaim time is started. If the reclaim time elapses with no further starting or
tripping, the AR sequence is successfully executed and the AR function moves to
ready state and waits for a new AR request in shot 1.
It is recommended to configure the protection stage start signal to initiate the AR
function. A trip signal from the protection stage can be used as a backup. If AR
does not issue the open command, the protection trip signal still operates the CB.
The delay setting of the protection stage should be longer than the AR start delay,
CB operation time and protection reset time.
Operation
Manual closing
When CB is closed manually with the local panel, by remote, or with digital inputs,
the reclaim state is activated. Within the reclaim time, all AR requests are rejected.
The protection stages take care of tripping when they are connected to a trip relay
in the output matrix.
Manual opening
Manual CB open command during AR sequence stops the sequence and leaves
the CB open.
Reclaim time setting

• Use shot-specific reclaim time: No
This reclaim time setting defines reclaim time between different shots during
a sequence and also the reclaim time after manual closing.
• Use shot-specific reclaim time: Yes
This Reclaim time setting defines the reclaim time only for manual control.
The reclaim time between different shots is defined by shot-specific reclaim
time settings.
Support for two circuit breakers

The AR function can be configured to handle two controllable objects. Object 1 – 6
can be configured to CB1 and any other controllable object can be used as CB2.
The object selection for CB2 is made with the Breaker 2 object setting.
Switching between the two objects is done with a digital input, virtual input, virtual
output or by choosing Auto CB selection. AR controls CB2 when the input
defined by the Input for selecting CB2 setting is active (except when using auto
CB selection when operated CB 1 or 2 is that which was last in closed state).
Control is changed to another object only if the current object is not closed.
384 P5/EN M/44B

AR shots blocking
Each AR shot can be blocked with a digital input, virtual input or virtual output. The
blocking input is selected with the Block setting. When the selected input is active,
the shot is blocked. A blocked shot is treated like it does not exist and AR
sequence skips it. If the last shot in use is blocked, any AR request during
reclaiming of the previous shot causes the final tripping.
Starting AR sequence
Each AR request line has its own start delay timer. That AR line that is selected
depends on which starting delay elapses first. If more than one delay elapses at
the same time, the AR request of the highest priority is selected. AR1 has the
highest priority and AR5 has the lowest priority. First shot is selected according to
the AR request. Next AR opens the CB and starts counting dead time.
AR shot 2-5 starting or skipping

Each AR request line can be enabled to any combination of the five shots. For
example, making a sequence of Shot 2 and Shot 4 for AR request 1 is done by
enabling AR1 only for those two shots.
NOTE: If AR sequence is started at shot 2 - 5, the starting delay is taken from
the discrimination time setting of the previous shot. For example, if Shot 3 is
the first shot for AR2, the starting delay for this sequence is defined by
discrimination time of Shot 2 for AR2.
Direct trip AR request

A direct trip AR request stops the AR sequence and causes final tripping. The
direct trip request is ignored when the AR sequence is not running. The direct trip
request is accepted during dead time and discrimination time.
Shot active matrix signals

When a start delay has elapsed, an active signal is set for the first shot. If
successful reclosing is executed at the end of the shot, the active signal is reset
after the reclaim time. If the reclosing was not successful or a new fault appears
during the reclaim time, the active signal is reset for the current shot and an active
signal is set for the next shot (if there are any shots left before the final trip).
AR running matrix signal

This signal indicates dead time. The signal is set after CB is opened. When dead
time ends, the signal is reset and CB is closed.
Final trip matrix signals

There are five final trip signals in the matrix, one for each AR request (1 to 4 and 1
direct trip). When a final trip is generated, one of these signals is set according to
the AR request which caused the final tripping. The final trip signal stays active for
0.5 seconds and then resets automatically.
DI to block AR setting
This setting is useful with an external synchro-check device. This setting only
affects re-closing the CB. Re-closing can be blocked with a digital input, virtual
P5/EN M/44B 385

input or virtual output. When the blocking input is active, CB is not closed until the
blocking input becomes inactive again. When blocking becomes inactive, the CB
is immediately closed providing the close command is still active.
Figure 250 - Example sequence of two shots (after shot 2 the fault is cleared)
I> setting
Current
Open command
CB
Close command
CB
CBclose
state
CBopen
state
P533F5A
1. The current exceeds the I> setting; the start delay from shot 1 starts.
2. After the start delay, an OpenCB relay output is operated.
3. The CB opens. The dead time from shot 1 starts, and the OpenCB relay
output resets.
4. The dead time from shot 1 elapses; a CloseCB output is operated.
5. The CB closes. The CloseCB output resets, and the discrimination time
from shot 1 starts. The current is again above the I> setting.
6. The discrimination time from the shot 1 elapses; the OpenCB relay output
is operated.
7. The CB opens. The dead time from shot 2 starts, and the OpenCB relay
output resets.
8. The dead time from shot 2 runs out; the CloseCB output is operated.
9. The CB closes. The CloseCB output resets, and the discrimination time
from shot 2 starts. The current is now below I> setting.
10. Reclaim time starts. After the reclaim time elapsed the AR sequence is
successfully executed. The AR function moves to wait for a new AR
request in shot 1.
386 P5/EN M/44B

Characteristics
Table 89 - Setting and characteristics of the auto-recloser protection
function (ANSI 79)
(description/label)
Enable auto reclosing/Enable auto reclosing
Options On; Off
DI for AR on/off/DI for AR on/off

Options Selection of one digital input (DI), one virtual input (VI), one virtual
output (VO), or one function key.
CB1 object/CB1 object
Options Obj1; Obj2; Obj3; Obj4; Obj5; Obj6
CB2 object/CB2 object
Options Obj1; Obj2; Obj3; Obj4; Obj5; Obj6
Auto CB selection/Auto CB selection

Options Disable; Enable
DI to select CB2/DI to select CB2

Dead time/Dead time

Setting range 0.01...1,200.00 s
Resolution 0.01 s
Discrimination time/Discrimination time
Resolution 0.01 s
Reclaim time/Reclaim time
Setting range 0.02...3,000.00 s
Resolution 0.01 s
DI to block sync check/DI to block sync check
Shot reclaim time/Shot reclaim time

Options On; Off
AR info for mimic display/ShowInfo
Options On; Off
P5/EN M/44B 387

Overfrequency (ANSI 81O)

Description
Frequency deviations result from an imbalance between power generation and
power loads. An over frequency condition happens when the power generation
exceeds the power loads, which maybe is due to a sudden removal of load due to
tripping of an outgoing feeder. The sustained over frequency condition may
damage the power generators. Normally the governor system would respond
quickly and restore normal frequency. Over frequency protection is required as a
back-up for generator overspeed. Also, over frequency protection is also applied
in load restoration schemes to detect that the power system frequency has
recovered sufficiently to allow load which had previously been shed to be
reconnected.
So, the over frequency protection function (ANSI code 81O) is used for load
restoration, and as a backup protection for overspeeding.
Whenever the frequency reaches the pick-up value of a particular stage, this stage
starts, and a start signal is issued. If the fault remains on longer than the operating
delay setting, a trip signal is issued.
Figure 251 - Status change of overfrequency protection (Gs: frequency

setting)
Frequency
70Hz
Gs
Gs-20mHz
Start
T
Trip
Block
Time
P533NUB
Self blocking at low voltage

The protection is blocked when the positive sequence voltage is lower than the
setting threshold. This setting is common to all the groups and stages of ANSI
81O, ANSI 81U and ANSI 81R functions.
388 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 252 - Low voltage block logic
Positive sequence voltage
105% set point

Set point
Block
Time P533NWA
Two independent stages

There are two separately adjustable stages: f>1 and f>2. All the stages have
definite operate time (DT).
Block diagram
Figure 253 - Block diagram of the overfrequency protection (ANSI 81O)
Block ≥1 Blocked
VA
<
VB A &
VC
Start
> &
f Register event
Trip
&
Register event
Enable events
f>
LV block t> P533F6B
A Positive Sequency voltage
Characteristics
Table 90 - Setting and characteristics of the overfrequency protection stages
f>1 and f>2
(description/label)
Pick-up value/f>
Frequency protection operation range 35...70 Hz
Reset ratio 20 mHz ± 5 mHz

Resolution 0.01 Hz
P5/EN M/44B 389

Table 90 - Setting and characteristics of the overfrequency protection stages

f>1 and f>2 (Continued)
(description/label)
Accuracy ±0.01 Hz
Operate delay/t>
Resolution 0.01 s
Low voltage blocking/LV block
Reset ratio 105%

Resolution 1%
Accuracy ±5% or ±0.5V (secondary)
Start time < 110 ms/105 ms with high speed, typically 80 ms

Setting group
Number 4
87. Vnom/√3 = VT primary nominal (PN)
390 P5/EN M/44B

Underfrequency (ANSI 81U)

Description
Frequency deviations result from an imbalance between power generation and
power loads. An under frequency condition happens when the power load
exceeds the available power generation. This happens when an interconnected
system splits, and the load left connected to one of the subsystems is in excess of
the capacity of the generators. Sustained under frequency has implications on the
stability of the power system, whereby any subsequent disturbance may damage
equipment and even lead to blackouts. It is therefore usual to provide protection
for under frequency conditions and the related load-shedding scheme shall be
deployed to restore the normal frequency.
So, the under frequency protection function (ANSI code 81U) is used for detection
of an abnormally low frequency compared to the rated frequency to monitor power
supply quality. The protection may be used for overall tripping or load shedding.
Whenever the frequency reaches the pick-up value of a particular stage, this stage
starts, and a start signal is issued. If the fault remains on longer than the operating
delay setting, a trip signal is issued.
Figure 254 - Status change of underfrequency protection (Gs: frequency

setting)
Frequency
Gs+20mHz
Gs
35Hz
Start
T
Trip
Block
Time
P533NTB

The protection is blocked when the positive sequence voltage is lower than the
setting threshold. This setting is common to all the groups and stages of ANSI
81O, ANSI 81U and ANSI 81R functions. See Low voltage block logic.
Large df/dt block

The protection is blocked when the rate of change of frequency df/dt is larger than
the setting threshold. The measured df/dt here shall not depend on any setting in
ROCOF protection function.
P5/EN M/44B 391

Figure 255 - Large df/dt block logic
df/dt
Set point
95% set point
Block
Time
P533NVA
Eight independent stages

There are eight separately adjustable stages: f<1, f<2...f<8. All the stages have
definite operate time (DT).
Block diagram
Figure 256 - Block diagram of the underfrequency protection function (ANSI
81U)
Block ≥1 Blocked
df/dt >
VA V1
VB < &
VC
Start
< &
f Register event
Trip
&
Register event
Enable events
f<
LV block t> P533F7B
Characteristics
Table 91 - Setting and characteristics of the underfrequency protection
stages f<1, f<2...f<8
(description/label)
Pick-up value/f<
Frequency protection operation 35...70 Hz

range
Hysteresis 20 mHz ± 5 mHz
Resolution 0.01 Hz
Accuracy ±0.01 Hz
392 P5/EN M/44B

Table 91 - Setting and characteristics of the underfrequency protection

stages f<1, f<2...f<8 (Continued)
(description/label)
Operate delay/t<
Resolution 0.01 s
df/dt blocking
Setting range 0.10...20.00 Hz/s
Hysteresis 5% or 0.05 Hz/s
Resolution 0.01 s
Accuracy ±5% or 50 mHz/s
Low voltage blocking/LV block
Reset ratio 105%
Resolution 1%
Accuracy ±5% or ±0.5V (secondary)
Start time < 110 ms/105 ms with high speed, typically 80 ms

Setting group
Number 4
P5/EN M/44B 393

Rate of change of frequency (ANSI 81R/81FR)

Description
Frequency deviations result from the imbalance between the power generation
and power loads. The Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) is depending on the
system inertia, severity of electric power unbalance, system damping constant
and various other parameters. Sometimes the significant electric power deficiency
in the separated subsystem (islanding condition) could cause a large frequency
decay in a short time. If corrective measures (such as load shedding) are not
taken quickly, the frequency may drop below the minimum system operating level
and cause a widespread network collapse.
Compared with the underfrequency protection (ANSI 81U), the protection based
on RoCoF can forecast a severe frequency decay and trigger fast corrective
measures before the frequency drops to below the minimum system operating
level.
So, the RoCoF protection function is normally used along with underfrequency
protection in order to trigger load shedding where the frequency drops too fast. It
can also be used to detect loss of mains where local generation is suddenly
disconnected from the power system. The calculation of the rate of change of
frequency is based on the positive sequence voltage.
The RoCoF protection in Easergy P5 can operate as independent rate of change
of frequency protection, as frequency supervised rate of change of frequency
protection or as regular under/over frequency protection. The selection is made
with Operating mode and Direction mode settings which are independent for each
one of 9 stages.
• If Direction mode is “Negative” and Operating mode is "f+RoCoF", it is
underfrequency supervised RoCoF protection
• If Direction mode is “Positive” and Operating mode is "f+RoCoF", it is
overfrequency supervised RoCoF protection
• If Direction mode is “Either”, it is RoCoF protection
• If Direction mode is “Negative” and Operating mode is "Freqency", it is
underfrequency protection
• If Direction mode is “Positive” and Operating mode is "Freqency", it is
overfrequency protection
ROCOF stage can be used as underfrequency protection by applying "frequency"
mode.
NOTE: If set direction mode to “Either”, please set operating mode to “f
+RoCof” firstly, to avoid dependency confusion.

The protection is blocked when the positive sequence voltage is lower than the set
undervoltage blocking threshold.
Self blocking at frequency out of range

The protection is blocked when the measured frequency is out of the range
35...70 Hz.
df/dt blocking
The protection is blocked when the measured rate of change of frequency df/dt is
bigger than the set df/dt blocking limit.
394 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 257 - RoCoF function structure overview
f Out of range ≥1
Function block
Blocked
V1 <
df/dt > &
Start
Trip
f
Operate delay/Reset
Direction mode
df/dt blocking Frequency threshold
Under voltage blocking Meas. time window (s)
Pick-up value
Operating mode
P533F8B
Characteristics
Table 92 - Setting and characteristics of the rate of change of frequency
protection stages
(description/label)

Options Negative; Positive; Either
Operating mode/OpMod
Options f+RoCoF; Frequency
Resolution 0.1 Hz/s
Settable df/dt window ΔT 0.05...1.00 s, default 50 ms, step 5 ms
Accuracy < 0.05 Hz/s if df/dt < 5 Hz/s;

±2% for the upper range;
Hysteresis 5% or 0.05 Hz/s
Undervoltage blocking/LV block 89
Reset ratio 105%
Resolution 1%
Accuracy ±5% or ± 0.5 V (secondary)
df/dt blocking/BlkVal_dfdt
Resolution 0.01 Hz/s

Accuracy ±5% or 50 mHz/s for ΔT = 50 ms
Reset hysteresis 5% or 0.05 Hz/s
89. Common setting for setting group 1, 2, 3, 4.

P5/EN M/44B 395

Table 92 - Setting and characteristics of the rate of change of frequency

protection stages (Continued)
(description/label)
Resolution 0.01 s
Frequency threshold
Setting range 40.00...65.00 Hz, Step 0.01 Hz
Accuracy ± 10 mHz
Reset hysteresis Gs + 20 mHz91
Start time < 135 ms for df/dt > 0.1 Hz/s for ΔT = 50 ms
< 170 ms for df/dt = 0.1 Hz/s for ΔT = 50 ms
Disengaging time < 170 ms for ΔT = 50 ms
Setting group
Number 4
91. Gs: frequency setting
396 P5/EN M/44B

Lockout relay (ANSI 86)

Description
The ANSI 86 function traditionally performed by lockout relays may be ensured by
Easergy P5 protection relay using programmable logic, with latching of Global trip
signal, which is used to inhibit of closing order, until the cause of tripping
disappears and is acknowledged by the user.
By default, Slot B DO2 is configured for lockout feature.
Figure 258 - Default programmable logic of lockout relay (ANSI 86)
Global trip 1 Logic output 2 CB Trip lockout_DO2(B)
P533RRB
Latch function
This feature can also be programmed for outputs in the MATRIX menu/Output
matrix sub-menu of the eSetup Easergy Pro. Any protection stage start or trip,
digital input, logic output, alarm and GOOSE signal connected to the following
outputs can be latched when required:
• Output contacts DOs
• LEDs on the local panel
• Virtual outputs VO1- VO20
NOTE: The latched signal is identified with a dot and circle in the matrix signal
line crossing.
The lockout can be released through the local panel with the key, or via the
eSetup Easergy Pro. See Releasing latches, page 440.
P5/EN M/44B 397

Programmable stages (ANSI 99)

Description
For special applications dedicated protection and monitoring stages can be set up
by selecting the signal to be supervised and the comparison mode. This is not to
be confused with programmable IDMT curves. Programmable stages trigger an
event from a selection of signals and select the type, level and timing to suit the
application.
The following parameters are available:
Priority:
If operate times less than 80 ms are needed, select 10 ms. For operate times
shorter than 1 s, 20 ms is recommended. For longer operation times and THD
signals, 100 ms is recommended.
Input value A:
The selected supervised signal in compare conditions ">" and "<". The available
signals are shown in Available signals to be supervised by the programmable
stages, page 399
Input value B:
The selected supervised signal in "Diff" and "AbsDiff" mode. This selection
becomes available once "Diff" or "AbsDiff" is chosen as compare condition.
Available signals for selection depends on the selected input value A.
Timebase for input value A (B):
The timebase of the selected supervised signal can be set to "Instant", "200 ms",
"1 min", or "demand". When the timebase "demand" is selected, the demand time
window is set in the Demand values view of the Measurements menu.
Compare condition:
• > ('over...')
Comparison of input A against exceeding the set pick-up value.
• < ('under...')
Comparison of input A against dropping below the set pick-up value.
• Diff
Calculated value of input A minus input B is compared against exceeding the
set pick-up value, if the sign of the difference value is positive.
• AbsDiff
Calculated absolute value of input A minus input B is compared against
exceeding the set pick-up value.
Pick-up value :
Limit of the stage. The available setting range and the unit depend on the selected
signal.
Operate delay:
Definite time operate delay.
Hysteresis:
Hysteresis (dead band) of the comparator function as percentage of the set
threshold.
No Compare limit for mode < :
Only used in compare condition under (‘<’). This is the minimum limit to start the
comparison. Signal values below this limit are disregarded. This feature prevents
the programmable stage to operate on small values that could be caused by noise
or signal interferences.
398 P5/EN M/44B

NOTE: The 'No Compare limit for mode <' value can only be set successfully
when it is smaller than the start values in all 4 setting groups. An attempt to set
it higher than the start value in any setting group is rejected, even if the setting
group is not active.
Available signals
Table 93 - Available signals to be supervised by the programmable stages
Signals Description
IA, IB, IC Phase currents
IN Neutral current
IN.sens Sensitive neutral current
IN.CSH Neutral current measured with CSH

VAB, VBC, VCA Phase to phase voltages
VA, VB, VC Phase to neutral voltages
VN.meas Measured neutral voltage
VN.calc Neutral voltage calculated from 3 phase voltages
f Frequency
IN.calc Neutral current calculated from 3 phase currents
I1 Positive sequence current
I2 Negative sequence current
I2/I1 Ratio of negative to positive sequence current
V1 Positive sequence voltage
V2 Negative sequence voltage
V2/V1 Ratio of negative to positive sequence voltage
VPN average Average phase to neutral voltage
VPP average Average phase to phase voltage
IA THD Total harmonic distortion of current IA

IB THD Total harmonic distortion of current IB
IC THD Total harmonic distortion of current IC

VA THD Total harmonic distortion of voltage VA
VB THD Total harmonic distortion of voltage VB
VC THD Total harmonic distortion of voltage VC
IARMS RMS value of current IA

IBRMS RMS value of current IB
ICRMS RMS value of current IC
INrms RMS value of earth/ground current
IN.sensrms RMS value of sensitive earth/ground current
IN.CSHrms RMS value of CSH earth/ground current
Eight independent stages

The Easergy P5 protection relay has eight independent programmable stages.
Each programmable stage can be enabled or disabled according to the
application.
P5/EN M/44B 399

Protection Relay Measurement functions
Measurement functions
Primary, secondary and per unit scaling
All measurement values are shown as primary values although the Easergy P5
protection relay is connected with its analogue voltage and current inputs to
secondary signals. Some measurement values are shown as relative values in per
unit or percent. Almost all pick-up setting values are using relative scaling.
The scaling is done using the rated values of VTs and CTs, or LPVTs and LPCTs
depending on the selected model order option.
Scaling settings
The scaling settings define the characteristics of measurement transformers
connected to the Easergy P5 protection relay and determine the correct
adaptation and performance of the metering and protection functions.
They are accessed via:
• eSetup Easergy Pro or web HMI Scaling view in General menu
• on local panel in the CT- VT view of the General menu
The scaling parameters are listed in List of scaling parameters, page 400.
Table 94 - List of scaling parameters
Scaling Description Selection92 Value

parameters
I.prim.nom/CT Rated primary phase current of CT CT 10 A to 20 kA

primary
Nominal current LPCT K x Ipr
(automatically calculated)
I.sec.nom/CT Rated secondary phase current CT 1 A or 5 A

secondary of CT
Ipr LPCT rated current corresponding LPCT 10 A to 5 kA

to 22.5 mV at the secondary
K Current factor LPCT 0.25 - 0.50 - 1.00 - 1.25 - 1.33 -

2.00 - 2.50 - 3.20 - 4.00 - 5.00 -
6.30 - 6.66 - 10 - 16 - 20 - 25 -
31.5
Number of Number of CT CT IA/IB/IC, or IA/IC
connected phase
CT
IN.prim.nom Rated primary neutral current of CT Calculated 10 A to 20 kA (see Iprim.nom)
CSH core balance CT 2 A or 20 A

according to the input selected
Standard earth/ground fault 1 A or 20 kA

CT
IN.sec.nom Rated secondary neutral current of Calculated 1 A or 5 A (see Isec.nom)
CT
CSH core balance CT -
Standard earth/ground fault 1 A, 2 A, 5A

CT
IN.sens.prim.nom' Rated primary neutral current of CT Sensitive earth/ground CT 1 A or 20 kA
primary
IN.sens.sec.nom Rated secondary neutral current of Sensitive earth/ground CT 1 A fixed

CT secondary
92. Depending on the model number option.
400 P5/EN M/44B

Measurement functions Protection Relay
Table 94 - List of scaling parameters (Continued)
Scaling Description Selection93 Value

parameters
VT type94 VT type LPVT (fixed)
V.prim.nom Rated primary voltage of VT 75 V to 500 kV

transformer
Nominal voltage LPVT 75 V to 500 kV
V.sec.nom Rated secondary voltage of VT 50 V to 250 V

transformer
Vpr LPVT rated voltage corresponding LPVT 50 to 500,000 V
to 3,25/√3 mV at the secondary
K Voltage factor LPVT 0.25 to 1.5
VAMagCor95 VA magnitude correction LPVT 0.9000 to 1.1000
VAAngCor95 VA Angle correction LPVT -5.0000 to 5.0000
VBMagCor95 VB magnitude correction LPVT 0.9000 to 1.1000
VBAngCor95 VB Angle correction LPVT -5.0000 to 5.0000
VCMagCor95 VC magnitude correction LPVT 0.9000 to 1.1000
VCAngCor95 VC Angle correction LPVT -5.0000 to 5.0000
VAyMagCor95 VAy magnitude correction LPVT 0.9000 to 1.1000
VAyAngCor95 VAy Angle correction LPVT -5.0000 to 5.0000
VByMagCor95 VBy magnitude correction LPVT 0.9000 to 1.1000
VByAngCor95 VBy Angle correction LPVT -5.0000 to 5.0000
VN.prim.nom Rated primary neutral voltage of VT Same setting as the rated primary
transformer voltage of transformer
LPVT Same setting as the rated primary

voltage of transformer
VN.sec.nom Rated secondary neutral voltage VT 25 V to 240 V

of transformer
Phase rotation Phase sequence selection A - B - C or A - C - B
Voltage Usage of voltage inputs for phase VT 3VP, 3VP+VN, 3VP/VPy, 3VP/VPPy, 2VPP
measurement voltage, neutral voltage or other +VN+VPPy, 2VPP + VN, VPP/VPPy
mode additional voltage
LPVT 3VP, 3VP+VN, 3VP/VPy, 3VP/VPPy
fn Nominal frequency of power system 50 Hz or 60 Hz
Power direction Direction of the power flow Outgoing or Incoming
93. Depending on the model number option.

94. Only available for LPVT board
95. When LPVT is installed in the system, a magnitude correction factor and a angle correction factor will be used to compensate the
accuracy. If the LPVT is a resistor divided type, it is recommended to set magnitude to 1 and angle correction factors to 0, but if it is a
capacitor divided type, then these correction factor settings should be configured according to the nameplate of the LPVT sensor.
P5/EN M/44B 401

Current values
Primary and secondary values
Table 95 - Primary and secondary scaling
Current (CT) Neutral current (CT) Current (LPCT)

Neutral current Neutral current
calculated calculated (LPCT)
Secondary
-> Primary I np I nop Vsec
I prim = Isec ⋅ I0prim = I0sec ⋅ I prim= Ipr
I ns I nos k 22.5 mV
Primary
-> Secondary
Isec = I prim ⋅
I ns I0sec = I0prim ⋅ I nos Vsec =
I prim
k 22.5 mV
I np Inop Ipr
For neutral current measured by CSH core balance CTs, only primary values are
considered. CTprim is equal at 2A or 20A according to the connection on the
protection relay.
Examples
1. Secondary to primary (CT)
CT = 500 A / 5 A
If the current on Easergy P5 input is 4 A, then the corresponding primary
current is Iprim = 4 x 500 / 5 = 400 A.
2. Secondary to primary (LPCT)
LPCT = 100 A / 22.5 mV
If the voltage on the LPCT input is 30 mV, then the corresponding primary
current is Iprim = 30 / 22.5 x 100 = 136 A, whatever is K.
With K = 0.25, Vsec corresponds to 136 / (100 x 0.25) = 5.44 In.
3. Primary to secondary (CT)
CT = 500 A / 5 A
If Easergy P5 displays Ipri = 100 A, then the injected current is
Isec = 100 x 5 / 500 = 1 A.
4. Primary to secondary (LPCT)
LPCT = 100 A / 22.5 mV
If Easergy P5 displays Iprim = 640 A, then the injected current is
Vsec = 640 / 100 x 22.5 = 144 mV, whatever is K.
With K = 3.2, Vsec corresponds to 640 / (100 x 3.2) = 2 In.
402 P5/EN M/44B

Per unit [pu] values

Table 96 - Per unit [pu] scaling
Phase current Phase current Neutral current Neutral current

(CT) scaling (LPCT) scaling (I0, I0', I0Calc 3CT) (CSH) scaling
scaling
I sec I sec
I pu = Ipu = Vsec / ( k 22.5) I pu = -
Ins Ins
Amp -> Per unit
Iprim I prim Iprim Iprim

Ipu = Ipu = Ipu = Ipu =
Inp Ipr · k Inp Inp
Isec = Ipu . Ins Isec = Ipu k 22.5 Isec = Ipu . Ins -
Per unit -> Amps
Iprim= Ipu. Inp Iprim = Ipu · k · Ipr Iprim= Ipu. Inp Iprim= Ipu. Inp
Examples
1. Secondary to per unit for phase current (CT)
CT = 750 A / 5 A
If the current injected is 7 A, then the per unit current is
Ipu = 7 / 5 = 1.4 In = 140%.
2. Per unit to secondary for phase current (CT)
CT = 750 A / 5 A
If the protection setting is 2In = 200%, then the corresponding secondary
current is Isec = 2 x 5 = 10 A.
3. Secondary to per unit for phase current (LPCT)
LPCT = 100 A / 22.5 mV with K = 3.2
If the Easergy P5 protection relay displays Iprim = 640 A, then the injected
voltage is
Vsec corresponds to 640 / (100 x 3.2) = 2 In.
4. Primary to per unit for phase current (LPCT)
LPCT rated current = 100 A with LPCT Current factor k = 2 (45 mV at the
secondary)
If the primary current is 150 A (33.75 mV at the secondary), then the per unit
current (voltage) is Ipu = 150/200 = 33.75/45 = 0.75 In.
5. Per unit to primary and secondary value (LPCT)
LPCT rated current = 100 A with LPCT Current factor = 10
If protection setting is 1.5 In, the corresponding secondary voltage is
Vsec = 1.5 x 10 x 22.5 = 337.5 mV,
and the corresponding primary current is
Iprim = 1.5 x 100 x 10 = 1.5 kA.
6. Secondary to per unit for earth/ground fault current (CT)
CT0 = 750 A / 1 A
If for standard and sensitive earth/ground fault inputs or phase current input
(3 CT calculation) the current is 30 mA, then the per unit current is
Ipu = 0.03 / 1 = 0.03In0.
P5/EN M/44B 403

7. Per unit to secondary for earth/ground fault current (CT)

CT0 = 50 A / 1 A
If for standard and sensitive earth/ground fault inputs or phase current input
(3 CT calculation) the protection setting is 10%In0, then the corresponding Isec
= 0.1 x 1 = 100 mA.
Voltage values
Rated phase and neutral voltage inputs
Voltage transformer scaling is always based on the phase to phase voltages in all
voltage measurements modes.
The rated phase and neutral voltage inputs are defined as below:
Table 97 - Voltage rating (VT)
VT VT ratio Value for 1 pu or 100%

connection
primary secondary PP PN V1 V2 VN
3VP V.prim. V.sec.nom/ V. V.prim. V.prim. V.prim. √3 x V.

nom/√3 √3 prim. nom/√3 nom/√3 nom/√3 prim.nom
nom
1VPP V.prim. V.sec.nom V. - - - -
nom prim.
nom
2VPP V.prim. V.sec.nom V. V.prim. V.prim. V.prim. -
nom prim. nom/√3 nom/√3 nom/√3
nom
Broken delta VN.prim. VN.sec. - - - - √3 x V.
nom/√3 nom/√3 prim.nom
VPy V.prim. V.prim. - V.prim. - - -

nom/√3 nom/√3 nom/√3
VPPy V.prim. V.prim.nom V. - - - -

nom prim.
nom
NOTE: V1 and V2 are respectively the positive and the negative sequence
voltages. VN is the neutral voltage (zero-sequence voltage x3).
Table 98 - Voltage rating (LPVT)
Connection LPVT LPVT LPVT Value for 1 pu or 100%

primary secon- nomi-
dary nal
volt-
age
PP PN V1 V2 VN
3VP V.prim. 3.25V/ V.prim. V.prim. V.prim. V. V.prim. V.prim.
nom/√3 √3 nom/ nom nom/√3 prim. nom/√3 nom/√3
√3 nom/
√3
Broken VN.prim. VN.sec. - - - - - √3 x V.

delta96 nom/√3 nom/√3 prim.
nom
VPPy V.prim. 3.25V/ V.prim. V.prim. - - - -
nom.y √3 nom.y/ nom.y
√3
96. possible only with VT + LPVT adapter
404 P5/EN M/44B

Primary and secondary scaling of phase to phase voltages

Table 99 - Primary and secondary scaling of phase to phase voltages
Phase to phase Phase to neutral Phase to neutral

voltage measurement (PN) voltage
measurement (PP) with VT measurement with
with VT LPVT
Secondary –> Primary
VT prim VTprim VT
Vprim = Vsec ⋅ Vprim = 3 ⋅ Vsec ⋅
VTsec
Vprim = 3.25 prim
VTsec VTsec
Primary –> Secondary
VTsec Vprim VTsec Vprim 3.25
Vsec = Vprim ⋅ Vsec = ⋅ Vsec = ⋅
VTprim 3 VT prim VTprim 3
Examples
1. Secondary to primary
Phase to phase voltage measurement mode (VT)
VT = 12000 V / 110 V
If voltage connected to the Easergy P5 input V1, V2 or V3 = 100 V, then
primary voltage is V.prim = 100 x 12000 / 110 = 10909 V.
Phase to neutral voltage measurement mode (VT)
VT = 12000 V / 110 V
If the three phase symmetric voltage magnitude is 60 V, then the primary
voltage is V.prim = √3 x 60 x 12000 / 110 = 11336 V.
2. Primary to secondary
Phase to phase voltage measurement mode (VT)
VT = 12000 V / 110 V
If the Easergy P5 protection relay displays V.prim = 10910 V, then the
secondary voltage is V.sec = 10910 x 110 / 12000 = 100 V.
Phase to neutral voltage measurement mode (VT)
VT = 12000 V / 110 V
If the Easergy P5 protection relay displays
VAB = VBC = VCA = 10910 V for a symmetric voltage system, then the
secondary voltages at V1, V2 and V3 are
V.sec = 10910 / √3 x 110 / 12000 = 57.7 V.
3. Phase to neutral voltage measurement mode (LPVT)
LPVT = 20 kV / 3.25 V with k = 0.5
If the Easergy P5 protection relay displays
VAB = VBC = VCA = 11 kV for a symmetric voltage system, then the
secondary voltages V1, V2, and V3 are
V.sec = 11000 / 20000 x 3.25 / √3 = 1.032 V.
P5/EN M/44B 405

Per unit [pu] scaling of phase to phase voltages

One per unit = 1 pu = 1 x Vnom = 100%, where Vnom = rated voltage of the VT.
Table 100 - Per unit [pu] scaling of phase to phase voltages
Phase to phase Phase to neutral Phase to neutral

voltage voltage voltage
measurement (PP) measurement (PN) measurement with
with VT with VT LPVT
Vprim
Vpu =
k Vpr
Vsec V V V
Voltage –> Per unit
Vpu = = prim Vpu = 3 ⋅ VTsec = 3 ⋅ VTprim
VTsec VTprim sec prim
Vsec
Vpu = 3
k 3.25
VTsec Vpu k 3.25

Vsec = Vpu ⋅ VTsec Vsec = V pu ⋅ Vsec =
3 3
Per unit –> Voltage
VTprim
Vprim = Vpu ⋅ VTprim Vprim = Vpu ⋅ Vprim = Vpu k Vpr
3
Examples
1. Secondary to per unit
Phase to phase voltage measurement mode
VT = 12000 V / 110 V
If the voltage input of V1 or V2 is 100 V, then the per unit voltage is
V.pu = 100 / 110 = 1.00 pu = 91%.
Phase to neutral voltage measurement mode
VT = 12000 V / 110 V
If the three symmetric phase to neutral injected to the voltage inputs are 63.5
V, then the per unit voltage is pu = √3 x 63.5 / 110 = 1.00 pu = 100%.
2. Per unit to secondary
Phase to phase voltage measurement mode
VT = 12000 V /110 V
If the Easergy P5 protection relay displays 1.00 pu = 100%, then the
secondary voltage is V.sec = 1.00 x 110 = 110 V.
Phase to neutral voltage measurement mode
VT = 12000 V / 110 V
If the Easergy P5 protection relay displays 1.00 pu = 80%, then the three
symmetric phase to neutral voltages injected to the inputs are
V.sec = 0.8 x 110 / √3 = 50.8 V.
3. Per unit to secondary for voltage measurement with LPVT
LPVT = 20 kV / 3.25 V with k = 0.8
If the phase to neutral voltage displayed is 0.5 x Vnom, the secondary value
injected to the Easergy P5 protection relay is 0.5 x 0.8 x 3.25 / √3 = 0.75 V.
406 P5/EN M/44B

Per unit [pu] scaling of neutral voltage

Table 101 - Per unit [pu] scaling of neutral voltage
Neutral voltage Neutral voltage calculated Neutral voltage calculated

measured with VT with LPVT
Voltage ->
per unit Vsec
Vpu = Vpu = 1 V1 + V2 + V3 Vpu =
1
V1 + V2 + V3
Vnos Vns sec k 3.25 sec
Vprim 1
Vpu = Vpu = V1 + V2 + V3 sec
Vnop k Vpr
Per unit
-> voltage
Vsec = Vpu · Vnos V1 +V2 +V3 sec =Vpu · Vns V1 +V2 +V3 sec = Vpr· k · 3.25
Vprim =Vpu ·Vnop V1 +V2 +V3 prim =Vpu ⋅ Vnp V1 +V2 +V3 prim=Vpu · k ·Vpr
Examples
1. Secondary to per unit
Neutral voltage measurement (VT)
VN.sec = 110 V (this is a configuration value corresponding to VN at full
ground fault.)
If the voltage connected to the device's input V3 is 22 V, then the per unit
voltage is V.pu = 22 / 110 = 0.20 pu = 20%.
Neutral voltage calculated (VT)
VT = 12000 V / 110 V
If the voltage connected to the relay's input V1 is 38.1 V, while V2 = V3 = 0,
then the per unit voltage is
V.pu = (38.1 + 0 + 0) / ( √3 x 110) = 0.20 pu = 20%.
Voltage measurement mode is "2PP + VN" (VT)
VN.sec = 110 V (this is a configuration value corresponding to VN at full earth/
ground fault.)
If the relay displays VN = 20%, then the secondary voltage at input V3 is
V.sec = 0.20 x 110 = 22 V.
Neutral voltage calculated (VT)
VT = 20 kV /110 V
If the Easergy P5 protection relay displays VN = 20% and if V2 = V3 = 0, then
the secondary voltage at V1 is V.sec = √3 x 0.2 x 110 = 38.1 V.
Neutral voltage calculated (LPVT)
LPVT = 20 kV / √3 / 3.25 V / √3 with k = 1.5
If Easergy P5 protection relay displays 30% and V1 = V3 = 0, then the
secondary voltage of V2 is V.sec = 0.3 x 1.5 x 3.25 / 1.732 = 0.844 V.
P5/EN M/44B 407

Reading of measurements
All measurement values can be read out via:
• Local panel: Measurements menu ( ) and on the Mimic screen if they were
configured with eSetup Easergy Pro
• eSetup Easergy Pro: Measurements menu
• Communication interface (if the used protocol provide this)
• EcoStruxure Power Device application
The refresh interval, on automatic cyclic updates, is less than 1 second typically.
Phase currents
Easergy P5 measures the fundamental and RMS values of phase current inputs
using 1A CTs, 5A CTs, or LPCTs:
Table 102 - Measurements of fundamental and RMS values of phase current
Value Description
Fundamental value
IA Fundamental value of phase 1 current IA
IB Fundamental value of phase 2 current IB
IC Fundamental value of phase 3 current IC
RMS value
IArms RMS value of phase 1 current IA
IBrms RMS value of phase 2 current IB
ICrms RMS value of phase 3 current IC
The RMS current measurement takes into account harmonics up to the 15th. The
calculation is done as follows:
2 2 2
IRMS = If 1 + If 2 + ... +If 15 P533Z1A
Table 103 - Characteristics for measuring phase current
Value Description
Magnitude
Measurement CT: 0.005...60Inom97

range LPCT: 0.05...45Inom97
Units A
Resolution 1A
Accuracy ± 0.5% for measurement value of 1.0Inom97;
± 1% for range 0.3 to 1.5Inom97;
± 2% for range 0.1 to 0.3Inom97
Phase angle98
Range -180°...+180°
Resolution 0.1°
Accuracy 0.5° with I > 0.1Inom97
97. Nominal CT Rating

98. Phase angle can only be detected when current is over 100 mA.
408 P5/EN M/44B

Neutral current
The neutral current is calculated by the vector sum of the 3 phase currents or
directly measured with a conventional CT or CSH core balance CT. Where the
neutral current is directly measured, the Easergy P5 protection relay uses either
the connected standard earth/ground fault input (IN) or alternatively the sensitive
earth/ground fault input (IN.sens).
Table 104 - Characteristics for measuring neutral current
Characteristics Range
Measurement range IN.calc calculated: 0.005...60 In

IN.CSH measured by CSH core balance CT: 0.005...42 IN
IN.meas measured by 1A/5A CT: 0.005...30 IN
IN.sens measured by 1A CT: 0.002...4 IN
Units A
Resolution CSH: 0.01 A
1 A CT: 0.001 A
1A/5A CT: 0.01 A
Accuracy, IN < 0.02 IN: ± 2%
0.02...0.05 IN: ± 1%
> 0.05 IN: ± 0.5%
Accuracy, IN.sens < 0.002 IN.sens: ± 2%
0.002...0.005 IN.sens: ± 1%
> 0.005 IN.sens: ± 0.5%
Frequency
Easergy P5 protection relay determines the frequency based on the samples of an
available voltage or current signal. The frequency determination will be
automatically adapted to the availability and quality of the related signal inputs:
• Based on positive sequence voltage V1 or
• Based on any single phase to phase voltage or phase to neutral voltage
• Based on currents when the voltage is not measured or under 15%Vnom.
The frequency is not measured if:
• The max of three phase to phase or phase to neutral voltage or positive
sequence voltage V1 is less than 15% of Vnom.
• The max of three currents or positive sequence current (IA) is less than
10%Inom
The following table provides an overview of the characteristics for frequency
measurement:
Table 105 - Characteristics for frequency measurement
Measurement range 10...72 Hz
Units Hz
Resolution 0.001 Hz
Accuracy ± 0.01 Hz
P5/EN M/44B 409

Voltages
The Easergy P5 measures the fundamental and RMS values of phase to phase
voltages and phase to neutral voltages.
Table 106 - Measurements of phase to phase and phase to neutral voltages
Value Description
VA Fundamental value of the phase to neutral voltage on phase A
VB Fundamental value of the phase to neutral voltage on phase B
VC Fundamental value of the phase to neutral voltage on phase C
VAB Fundamental value of the phase to phase voltage between phase A and phase B
VBC Fundamental value of the phase to phase voltage between phase B and phase C
VCA Fundamental value of the phase to phase voltage between phase C and phase A
VArms RMS value of the phase to neutral voltage on phase A
VBrms RMS value of the phase to neutral voltage on phase B
VCrms RMS value of the phase to neutral voltage on phase C
VABrms RMS value of the phase to phase voltage between phase A and phase B
VBCrms RMS value of the phase to phase voltage between phase B and phase C
VCArms RMS value of the phase to phase voltage between phase C and phase A
These voltages are measured with the three analogue voltage inputs VA, VB and
VC.
A 4th analogue voltage input V4 is used to measure an additional phase to phase
voltage or phase to neutral voltage, which is usually used as a reference voltage
for the synchronisation checking function.
Vy : fundamental value of the additional phase to phase voltage
Vyrms : RMS value of the additional phase to phase voltage calculated as follows:
2 2 2
VRMS = Vf 1 + Vf 2 + ... +Vf 15 P533Z2A
For PP connections, the three phase to phase voltages are directly measured and
the phase to neutral voltages are calculated taking into account the neutral
voltage measurement when it is measured. Otherwise, the calculation considers a
balanced power system.
For PN connections, the three phase to neutral voltages are directly measured
and the three phase to phase voltages are calculated.
Table 107 - The voltage modes and the corresponding measurements and
calculated values
Voltage mode Sensors Voltages Voltages Additional

measured calculated voltages
3VP VT, LPVT VA, VB, VC VAB, VBC, VCA
3VP+VN VT VA, VB, VC VAB, VBC, VCA
3VP/VPy VT, LPVT VA, VB, VC, VAB, VBC, VCA, VA'
VAy99 VABy
3VP/VPPy VT, LPVT VA, VB, VC, VAB, VBC, VCA VAB'
VABy99
2VPP+VN VT VAB, VBC VCA, VA, VB, VC
99. Used for synchro-check function.
410 P5/EN M/44B

Table 107 - The voltage modes and the corresponding measurements and
calculated values (Continued)
Voltage mode Sensors Voltages Voltages Additional

measured calculated voltages
2VPP+VN+VPPy VT VAB, VBC, VA, VB, VC VAB'

VABy100
VPP/VPPy VT VAB, VABy100 VA, VB, VC, VAB'

VBC, VCA101
Depending on the phase rotation, the phase to phase values are defined
according to A-B-C network: phase to neutral and phase to phase voltages, page
411 and A-C-B network: phase to neutral and phase to phase voltages, page 411:
• For voltage between phases A and B:
VAB = VA - VB P533Z3A
• For voltage between phases B and C:
VBC = VB - VC P533Z4A
• For voltage between phases C and A:
VCA = VC - VA P533Z5A
Figure 259 - A-B-C network: phase Figure 260 - A-C-B network: phase
to neutral and phase to phase to neutral and phase to phase
voltages voltages
VC VB
VCA VAB
VA VA
VBC VBC
VAB VCA
VC
VB P533MLA
P533MMA
Table 108 - Characteristics for measuring voltage
Magnitude
Measurement range 0.01...1.5 Vnom102, or

0...300 V secondary
Units V
Resolution 1V
Accuracy ± 5% from 1%...10% Vnom102
± 2% from 10%...20% Vnom102
± 1% from 20%...50% Vnom102
± 0.5% at 50% Vnom102 and above
Phase angle
Range -180°...+180°
100. Used for synchro-check function.

101. Considering a balanced power system.
P5/EN M/44B 411

Table 108 - Characteristics for measuring voltage (Continued)
Resolution 0.1°
Accuracy 0.5° with V > 0.1 Vnom103 and I > 0.1 Inom
Neutral voltage
The Easergy P5 protection relay measures the fundamental value of a neutral
voltage VN by an open star/delta voltage transformer. If such a VT is not available,
the protection relay is able to calculate VN by taking the internal sum of the three
phase to neutral voltages:
VN = VA + VB + VC
If the calculation method is used, the measurement can only be considered as
valid if the power system is balanced.
The following table provides an overview of the measuring options:
Table 109 - Neutral voltage measuring options
Voltage mode Sensors Measured/Calculated
3VP VT, LPVT VN.calc calculated104
3VP+VN VT VN.meas measured

3VP/VPPy VT, LPVT VN.calc calculated104
3VP/VPy VT, LPVT VN.calc calculated
2VPP+VN VT VN.meas measured

2VPP+VN+VPPy VT VN.meas measured
VPP/VPPy VT VN not available
The following table lists the characteristics for measuring neutral voltage:
Measurement range 1...300 V secondary
Units V; kV
Resolution 1V
Accuracy 1...10 V secondary: ± 5%;
10...20 V secondary: ± 2%;
20...50 V secondary: ± 1%;
> 50 V secondary: ± 0.5%

104. Considering a balanced power system
412 P5/EN M/44B

Power and power factor

Active, reactive, apparent power
The Easergy P5 protection relay calculates the active, reactive and apparent
power values of the power system based on the fundamental or RMS values of
the primary three phase currents and voltages.
All power values are determined separately for each phase based on the
fundamental or RMS values of related phase current and voltage signal
depending on the availability.
Three phase power values can be calculated using phase to neutral voltages and
phase currents as follows :
• Active power = 3⋅V⋅I⋅cosφ
• Reactive power = 3⋅V⋅I⋅sinφ
• Apparent power = 3⋅V⋅I
According to the transformers used, power calculations are based on the 2 or 3
wattmeter method.
The 2 wattmeter method is only accurate when there is no neutral current (i.e.
balanced power system is), but it is not applicable if the neutral is distributed.
The 3 wattmeter method gives an accurate calculation of 3-phase as well as per
phase powers in all cases, regardless of whether or not the neutral is distributed.
Table 110 - Power calculation
Voltage Voltage Voltages Currents P, Q, S Power

measurement transformer used used calculation per phase
mode (acc. to method (Px, Qx, Sx
connected with x = A,B,
phase CTs) C)
3VP VT, LPVT VA, VB, VC IA, IB, IC 3 wattmeter Available

3VP/ VPy
3VP/VPPy IA, IC 2 wattmeter Not available
3VP+VN
2VPP+ VN VT VAB,VCB,VN IA, IB, IC 3 wattmeter Available
2VPP+ VN +
VPPy IA, IC 2 wattmeter Not available
VPP/VPPy VT VAB IA, IB, IC 3 wattmeter Available
IA, IC 2 wattmeter Not available
Power calculation
The power values are calculated in detail as follows:
• By 3 wattmeter method:
P = VA · IA · cos (VA · IA ) + VB · IB · cos (VB · IB ) + VC · IC · cos (VC · IC )

P533Z6B
Q = VA · IA· sin (VA · IA ) + VB · IB· sin (VB · IB ) + VC · IC· sin (VC · IC )

P533Z7B
• By 2 wattmeter method:
P = VAB · IA · cos (VAB · IA ) + VCB · IC ·cos (VCB · IC )

P533Z8B
Q = VAB· IA · sin (VAB · IA ) + VCB· IC · sin (VCB · IC )

P533Z9B
NOTE: If just one phase to phase voltage is measured (voltage

measurement mode “VPP/VPPy”), then a symmetric 3-phase voltage
system is assumed to calculate the non-measured voltages.
P5/EN M/44B 413

S = P +Q
2 2
P533ZAA
According to standard practice, it is considered that105:

• For the outgoing circuit:
◦ Power supplied by the busbars is positive
◦ Power supplied to the busbars is negative
P533MOB
• For the incoming circuit:

◦ Power supplied to the busbars is positive
◦ Power supplied by the busbars is negative
P533MNB
Cosφ and power factor

Easergy P5 protection relay calculates:
• cosφ, tanφ, the angle φ and power factor values of the power system.
• cosφ and power factor values of the phase, depending on their availability of
phase current and voltages.
cosφ, tanφ and the angle φ express the phase displacement between the phase
currents and phase to neutral voltages.
The power factor is defined by:
Cosφ = P P +Q
2 2
P533ZBA
The + and - signs of cosφ give the direction of power flow.

The IND (inductive) and CAP (capacitive) indications of the power factor give type
of load.
Power and current direction

This figure shows the concept of three-phase current direction and sign of cosφ
and power factor PF (the absolute value is equal to cosφ, and the indication 'IND'
105. Choice to be set in the Scaling view of the General menu.
414 P5/EN M/44B

means inductive i.e. lagging current and 'CAP' means capacitive i.e. leading
current).
Figure 261 - Quadrants of voltage/current phasor plane

+90°
II I
cos = cos = +
PF = ind PF= cap
VREF 0°
III I IV
cos = cos = +
PF= cap PF = ind P533MPA
I: Forward capacitive power current is leading
II: Reverse inductive power current is leading
III: Reverse capacitive power current is lagging
IV: Forward inductive power current is lagging
This figure below shows the same concepts on a PQ-power plane.
Figure 262 - Quadrants of power plane
Q
+90°
II I
cos = cos = +
PF= cap PF = ind
S
P 0°
III IV
cos = cos = +
PF = ind PF = cap P533MQA
I: Forward inductive power current is lagging
II: Reverse capacitive power current is lagging
III: Reverse inductive power current is leading
IV: Forward capacitive power current is leading
Table 111 - Power quadrants
Power quadrant Current related Power direction Cosφ Power factor PF

to voltage
+ inductive Lagging Forward + IND
+ capacitive Leading Forward + CAP
- inductive Leading Reverse - IND
- capacitive Lagging Reverse - CAP
P5/EN M/44B 415

Characteristics
The following tables summarise the characteristics for power measuring:
Table 112 - Characteristics for power measuring (part 1)
Characteristics Active power Reactive power Apparent power
Units kW kvar kVA

Resolution 0.1 kW 0.1 kvar 0.1 kVA
Accuracy ±1% Snomtypically106 xxx xxx
Table 113 - Characteristics for power measuring (part 2)
Characteristics Power factor Cosφ Tanφ Angle φ
Measurement 0 to 1 IND/CAP -1 to +1
range
Resolution 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

Accuracy 0.01107 0.01107
106. Snom= √3 V.prim.nom I.prim.nom

107. For measurements at Inom, Vnom, cosφ > 0.8.
416 P5/EN M/44B

Active and reactive energy

The Easergy P5 protection relay measures the following active and reactive
energy values, calculated on basis of the first three voltages and phase currents
IA, IB and IC measured according to the related current flow for an outgoing
feeder:
• E+: the accumulated active energy exported
• E-: the accumulated active energy imported
• Eq+: the accumulated reactive energy exported
• Eq-: the accumulated reactive energy imported
It is based on fundamental values or RMS values. The choice is done with the
Energy calculation mode parameter.
The resolution of each energy counter can be defined by setting from 1 K unit to 1
M unit, by setting the number of decimal places of the value calculated.
When the apparent energy counter reaches 1 TVAh, the active and reactive
energy counters reset to zero. To monitor the energy consumption on a feeder, a
dedicated energy counter can be set up over a defined time window of between 10
minutes and 24 hours.
All the energy counter settings can be done:
• with eSetup Easergy Pro in the Energy view of the Measurements menu
• on local panel in the Measurement menu
The accumulated energy values are maintained when the Easergy P5 protection
relay is powered off.
Table 114 - Characteristics of active and reactive energy measuring
Characteristics Active power Reactive power
Measurement range 999999.999 MWh 999999.999 MVArh
Units MWh MVArh

Resolution (self-adaptable) 0.001...1 MWh 0.001...1 MVArh
Accuracy ± 1% typical108
108. At In, Vnp, cosφ > 0.8
P5/EN M/44B 417

Harmonics and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)

The total harmonic distortion (THD) is calculated as a percentage of all the
currents and voltages measured in relation to the base value of the fundamental
frequency.
The device calculates the value from the 2nd to the 15th harmonic of each phase
current and voltage signal separately and as total value.
The harmonic distortion is calculated as follows:
15
∑h
i=2
i
2
THD =
h1 P533ZCA
where
h1 = Fundamental value
h2 - h15 = Harmonics
Example
h1 = 100A, h3 = 10 A, h7 = 3 A, h11 = 8 A
102 + 32 + 82 =
THD = 13.15%
100 P533ZDA
For reference, the RMS value is
RMS = 1002 + 102 + 32 + 82 = 100.9 A P533ZEA
418 P5/EN M/44B

Demand values
The Easergy P5 protection relay calculates average demand values of phase
currents IA, IB, IC and power values S, P and Q. They are calculated over an
adjustable demand time in a range from 10 to 60 minutes.
The parameters used to configure or control the demand values in the
MEASUREMENTS menu/Demand values sub-menu of eSetup Easergy Pro are
the following:
Table 115 - Demand value parameters
Demand time min Demand time (averaging time)
Fundamental frequency values
IAda A Demand of phase current IA
IBda A Demand of phase current IB
ICda A Demand of phase current IC
Pda kW Demand of active power P
PFda - Demand of power factor PF
Qda kvar Demand of reactive power Q
Sda kVA Demand of apparent power S
RMS values
IARMSda A Demand of RMS phase current IA
IBRMSda A Demand of RMS phase current IB
ICRMSda A Demand of RMS phase current IC
Prmsda kW Demand of RMS active power P
Qrmsda kvar Demand of RMS reactive power Q
Srmsda kVA Demand of RMS apparent power S
Table 116 - Reseting to zero
Demand time 10...60 min

Currents see Phase currents, page 408
Powers see Power and power factor, page 413
Minimum and maximum values

Minimum and maximum values for many measurements are available through the
user interfaces ( HMI, eSetup Easergy Pro, Web HMI or communications
protocols). Each record of minimum or maximum value includes a time stamp.
This time stamp is reset either when a clear command (ClrMax) is applied or by a
product restart.
The available values are listed in the following table:
Table 117 - Available minimum and maximum values
Min & Max measurement Description
IA, IB, IC Phase current, fundamental frequency value
IARMS, IBRMS, ICRMS Phase current, RMS value
P5/EN M/44B 419

Table 117 - Available minimum and maximum values (Continued)
Min & Max measurement Description
IN, IN' Earth/ground fault overcurrent, fundamental value
VA, VB, VC Voltages, fundamental frequency values
VARMS, VBRMS, VCRMS Phase to neutral voltages, RMS value
VAB, VBC, VCA Phase to phase voltage
VABRMS, VBCRMS, VCARMS Phase to phase voltage, RMS value
VN Neutral voltage
f Frequency
P, Q, S Active, reactive, apparent power
PF Power factor
The clearing parameter "ClrMax" is a common reset for all min. and max. values.
Table 118 - Parameters
Parameter Value Description Note
ClrMax -; Clear Reset all minimum and maximum values Settable109
A ClrMax command can be initiated as below:

• with "Clear min & max" parameter in the Measurements menu in eSetup
Easergy Pro
• with "Clear min & max" parameter in the Measurements menu in the Web
HMI
• from the local panel with the "Clr Max" parameter
• With a suitably configured DI
• with virtual inputs / outputs according to the setting of the "DI to clear min &
max" parameter
In addition any action that results in a restart of the Easergy P5 protection relay
will also clear the min/max values. This includes power cycling and certain
configuration updates.
109. An editable parameter (password needed).
420 P5/EN M/44B

Average current
The Easergy P5 protection relay calculates the average of the three phase
currents IA + IB + IC over a period of time defined by the “Average current
window” setting, in the 3_Phase Average current view of the Measurements
menu in eSetup Easergy Pro.
Table 119 - 3_Phase Average current
Parameter Value Description
Average current window 1 s; Time for calculating the average current

1 min;
Demand Time
If the “Average current window” is set to “Demand Time”, the setting value will
depend on the “Demand time” setting, which is configured in the Demand values
view of the Measurements menu.
Table 120 - Demand values
Parameter Range Description
Demand time 10...60 min Demand time (averaging time)
The average current is refreshed each second when the “ Average current
window” is set to “1 s”, and it is refreshed each minute when the “Average current
window” is set to “1 min” or “Demand Time”.
The average current is available in eSetup Easergy Pro and all communication
interfaces.
P5/EN M/44B 421

Voltage sags and swells

The Easergy P5 protection platform provides many power quality functions that
can be used to evaluate, monitor and alarm on the current power system quality.
Two of the most important power quality functions are the voltage sag and swell
monitoring.
The Easergy P5 protection relay provides separate monitoring logs for sags and
swells. The voltage log is triggered if any voltage input either goes under the sag
limit (V<) or exceeds the swell limit (V>). There are four registers for both sags
and swells in the fault log. Each register will have start time, phase information,
duration, minimum, average and maximum voltage values of each sag and swell
event. Furthermore, there are total number of sags and swells counters as well as
total timers for sags and swells.
The voltage sags and swells monitoring function can be read and set:
• on local panel, in the Voltage sag & swell view of the "Voltages" option in
the Measuring sub-menu
• with eSetup Easergy Pro, in the Voltage sag & swell view of the
Measurements menu
422 P5/EN M/44B

Table 121 - Setting and characteristics of voltage sags and swells

monitoring
Measurement mode
Options Default (same as the scaling setting); PP; PN
Voltage sag limit
Setting range 10%...120% Un110
Resolution 1% Un110
Accuracy ±0.5 V or 3% of the set value
Reset ratio 103%
Voltage swell limit
Setting range 10%...150% Un110
Resolution 1% Un110
Accuracy ±0.5 V or 3% of the set value
Reset ratio 97%
DT delay time
Resolution 0.02 s
Low voltage blocking
Setting range 0...50% Un110
Resolution 1% Un110
Accuracy ±5% of the set value
Maximum time
Resolution 1s
Gap time
Resolution 0.01 s
Characteristic time
P5/EN M/44B 423

Temperature
Operation
This function gives the temperature value measured by Resistance Temperature
Detectors (RTDs):
• Platinum Pt100 (100 Ω at 0°C or 32°F) in accordance with the IEC 60751 and
DIN 43760 standards
• Nickel 100 Ω or 120 Ω (at 0°C or 32°F).
Each RTD channel gives one measurement: tx = RTD x temperature.
The function also indicates RTD faults:
• RTD disconnected (t > 205°C or t > 401°F)
• RTD shorted (t < -35°C or t < -31°F).
In the event of a fault, the display of the value is inhibited.
The associated monitoring function generates a maintenance alarm.
Readout
The measurements may be accessed via:
• RTD view of the Measures menu on the local panel of the Easergy P5
protection relay
• Temperature view of the MEASUREMENTS menu in eSetup Easergy Pro
• The communication link
Characteristics
Table 122 - Characteristics of temperature measuring
Range -30...+200°C (-22...+392°F)
Resolution 1°C (1°F)
Accuracy ±1°C for +20...+140°C (±1.8°F for +68...+284°F);

±2°C for -30...+20°C (±3.6°F for -22...+68°F);
±2°C for +140...+200°C (±3.6°F for +284...+392°F)
Refresh interval 5 seconds (typical)
Accuracy derating according to wiring (connection in 3-wire

mode)
The deviation Δt is proportional to the length of the connector and inversely
proportional to the connector cross-section:
L (km)
∆t (℃) = 2
S (mm2) P533ZFA
• ±2.1°C/km for a cross-section of 0.93 mm2 (AWG 18)

• ±1°C/km for a cross-section of 1.92 mm2 (AWG 14)
424 P5/EN M/44B

Control functions Protection Relay
Control functions
Digital outputs
Description
Digital outputs are available for control and signalling purposes.
The number of available outputs depends on the number and type of board
options ordered.
The following digital output contact relays are available:
• Slot B
The digital output DO1 is normally opened (NO) contact (and high speed high
break contact for P5x30 only) used for control. The digital output DO2
(Change Over contact) is usually used for control.
The digital output DO3 (Normal Open) is usually used for control.
The digital output DO4 (change over contact) is dedicated to the watchdog
(signalling).
Both the tripping DO2 relay and the watchdog relay have normally open (NO)
or normally closed (NC) contacts. Refer to Selecting the trip command and
examples of use, page 462.
• Slot C, D, E (6I4O option)
The digital outputs DO1 to DO4 (Normal Open single pole single throw) are
for signalling only.
Slot C, D, E (5I5O option)
The digital outputs DO1 and DO2 (Change Over contact single pole double
throw) are usually used for control.
The digital outputs DO3 (Normal Open single pole single throw) are for
control.
The digital outputs DO4 and DO5 are normally opened (NO) contact and high
speed high break contact used for control.
Slot C, D, E (12I4O option)
The digital outputs DO1 to DO4 are independently controlled normally open
signalling contacts with DO1 & DO2 and DO3 & DO4 having a common
connection point.
• Slot D, E (Arc-flash option)
The digital output DO1 (Normal Open) is usually used for control.
The digital output DO2 (Change Over contact single pole double throw) is
usually used for control.
The digital output DO3 (Normal Open single pole single throw) is usually used
for signalling.
The contacts are (SPST) normal open (NO) type, except signal relay DO2
and DO4 (watchdog) which has a changeover contact (SPDT).
The digital outputs can be set in Normal Open or Normal Close position with
eSetup Easergy Pro and Web HMI in the Relays polarity view of the Control
menu.
The status of the digital outputs can be read:
• with eSetup Easergy Pro in the Relays view of the Device/Test menu
• by the local panel in the digital output Slot x view under the menu option DO
of the Device/Test sub-menu
• Web HMI
P5/EN M/44B 425

Protection Relay Control functions
Label and description texts can be edited with eSetup Easergy Pro or the Web
HMI in Names for output relays view according to the demand. Labels are the
short parameter names used on the local panel display and descriptions are the
longer names used by eSetup Easergy Pro (the Names of the output relays view
in the Control menu).
Any internal signal can be connected to the output relays using the output matrix.
An output relay can be configured as latched or non-latched. (see Output Matrix
view in the Matrix menu of eSetup Easergy Pro and Web HMI).
Forced control of digital outputs

For tests purposes, first set the IED Mode to Test:
• with eSetup Easergy Pro in the System info setting view of the General
menu
• by local panel in the Device/Test menu under the Test menu option
See Mode of use for testing purposes, page 224 for more information.
Default numbering of digital outputs

Every option card and slot has default numbering. Below is an example of
Easergy P5x30 showing default numbering of DOs.
Figure 263 - Default numbering of digital outputs for Easergy P5x30
D E A B C
1 1 1 1
2 2 1 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 4 3 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 5 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 7 8 8 8
9 9 9 9
10 10 10 10
11 11 9 10 11 11
12 12 12 12
13 13 11 12 13 13
14 14 14 14
15 15 13 14 15 15
16 16 16 16
17 17 15 16 17 17
18 18 18 18
19 19 17 18 19 19
20 20 20 20
L M N P
P533NCA
Table 123 - Example of digital outputs numbering
Option boards Slot B Slot C Slot D111 Slot E111
No option DO1...DO3
+ WD
1 x 6I/4O DO1...DO3 DO1...DO4
+ WD
2 x 6I/4O DO1...DO3 DO1...DO4 DO1...DO4
+ WD
3 x 6I/4O DO1...DO3 DO1...DO4 DO1...DO4 DO1...DO4
+ WD
111. For Easergy P5x30 only
426 P5/EN M/44B

Table 123 - Example of digital outputs numbering (Continued)
1 x 6I/4O +1 x Arc-flash DO1...DO3 DO1...DO4 DO1...DO3

+ WD
2 x 6I/4O +1 x Arc-flash DO1...DO3 DO1...DO4 DO1...DO3 DO1...DO4
+ WD
1 x 6I/4O +2 x Arc-flash DO1...DO3 DO1...DO4 DO1...DO3 DO1...DO3
+ WD
Characteristics
Table 124 - Characteristics of the digital outputs
DO1...DOn 0; 1 Status of the digital outputs: Editable when IED

mode is set to "Test".
• 0 = Digital output not energised
• 1 = Digital output is set active
The available parameter list depends on
the number and type of the I/O cards.
Mode NO Normal open Editable when IED

NC Normal close mode is set to "Test".
IED mode Normal In Test mode, digital output forcing is Editable parameter
Test enabled for test purposes. (password needed)
Test-block
Name of output relays
Label String of max. Short name for digital outputs on the Editable parameter
16 characters local display. (password needed)
Default is "DO1...DOx". x is the
maximum number of the digital outputs.
Description String of max. Long name for digital outputs. Editable parameter
32 characters Default is "Digital output 1...Digital (password needed)
output x". x is the maximum number of
the digital outputs.
P5/EN M/44B 427

Digital inputs
WARNING
FIRE
Do not connect power greater than 0.5 W to each digital input for ambient
temperature lower than 70℃ (158℉), or 0.8 W for lower than 45℃ (113℉).
equipment damage.
Digital inputs are available for control purposes. For example, the digital inputs
can provide the position of the circuit breaker and make it possible to change
setting group, block/enable/disable functions, program logic, and indicate object
status.
The number of available inputs depends on the number and type of option boards.
The digital inputs require an external control voltage (AC or DC) and are activated
after the voltage exceeds the pick-up threshold. Deactivation follows when the
voltage drops below the drop-off threshold limit.
Configuring the digital inputs

The digital inputs are set with eSetup Easergy Pro and Web HMI in the Digital
Inputs view of the Control menu. They are not settable on the local panel.
Figure 264 - The Digital inputs setting section in the Digital inputs view
The settable items includes:

• Polarity
• Delay
• On event
• Off event
• Counter
Digital input delay determines the activation and de-activation delay for the digital
input. It is used for both On and Off transitions. Digital inputs behaviour when
delay is set to 1 second, page 429 shows how the digital input behaves when the
delay is set to 1 second.
428 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 265 - Digital inputs behaviour when delay is set to 1 second
1s 1s
V
0
Digital input
0 P533R4C
Digital inputs on/off events and alarm pop-up message display can be enabled
and disabled in Digital inputs setting view of eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI.
Individual operation counters are located in the same view as well. The maximum
value of the counters is settable and is the same for all counters.
The status of the digital inputs can be read:
• with eSetup Easergy Pro and Web HMI in the Digital inputs view of the
CONTROL menu
• by local panel in the Digital inputs view of the DI menu option in the Control
menu
• Communication according to the protocol
The configuration of the digital inputs in eSetup Easergy Pro is common for all
digital inputs on the same board.
Figure 266 - The DI Configuration section in the Digital inputs view
The digital inputs can be set for the following voltage values with pre-defined
setting values or settable values:
• Universal (by default)
• Standard AC or DC voltages (24 V DC, 48 V DC, 110 V DC, 220 V DC and
220 V AC)
• Customisable AC (settable from 24 to 220 V AC), customisable DC (settable
from 24 to 220 V DC)
Timing diagram of a digital input during pick-up, page 430 and Timing diagram of a
digital input during a drop-off, page 430 below illustrate the timing diagrams of a
digital input during pick-up and drop-off:
P5/EN M/44B 429

Figure 267 - Timing diagram of a digital input during pick-up
C
D
E
F P533NEB
A Nominal voltage B Pick up value
C Input seen as high level D Input seen as low level
E Inrush time F Debounce time
Figure 268 - Timing diagram of a digital input during a drop-off
D
E P533R9C
A Nominal voltage B Drop-off value
C Holding current D DI high
E DI low
Label and description texts can be edited with eSetup Easergy Pro according to
the demand. Labels are the short parameter names used on the local panel and
descriptions are the longer names used by eSetup Easergy Pro.
The digital input signals can be connected to the different outputs of the Output
matrix, Block matrix, Object block matrix, Auto-recloser 79 matrix views in
the MATRIX menu of eSetup Easergy Pro and Web HMI or used in the custom
logic function.
Default numbering of digital inputs

Every option card and slot has default numbering. After making any changes to
the numbering, read the settings from the relay after the relay has rebooted.
Below is an example of Easergy P5x30 showing default numbering of digital
inputs.
User can change the numbering of the following option cards - slot B, C, D, E.
430 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 269 - Default numbering of digital inputs for Easergy P5x30
D E A B C
1 1 1 1
2 2 1 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 4 3 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 5 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 7 8 8 8
9 9 9 9
10 10 10 10
11 11 9 10 11 11
12 12 12 12
13 13 11 12 13 13
14 14 14 14
15 15 13 14 15 15
16 16 16 16
17 17 15 16 17 17
18 18 18 18
19 19 17 18 19 19
20 20 20 20
L M N P
P533NGA
Table 125 - Example of digital inputs numbering
No option DI1...DI4
1 x 6I40 DI1...DI4 DI1...DI6

2 x 6I40 DI1...DI4 DI1...DI6 DI1...DI6
3 x 6I40 DI1...DI4 DI1...DI6 DI1...DI6 DI1...DI6
1 x 6I40 +1 x Arc-flash DI1...DI4 DI1...DI6 DI1...DI3
2 x 6I40 +1 x Arc-flash DI1...DI4 DI1...DI6 DI1...DI3 DI1...DI6
1 x 6I40 +2 x Arc-flash DI1...DI4 DI1...DI6 DI1...DI3 DI1...DI3
Characteristics
Table 126 - Characteristics of the digital inputs
Parameter Value
Universal Standard voltage Customisable voltage
Mode Universal 24 V DC; 48 V DC; Custom V DC;

(value by default) 110 V DC; 220 V DC; Custom V AC
220 V AC
Pick-up ratio > 19 V 70% 40%...80%,
154 V max.
Drop-off ratio < 12 V 60% 20%...60%,
12 V min.
Holding current 1.3 mA 2.3 mA (V ≤ 110 V) 1...27 mA
1.3 mA (V > 110 V)
Debounce time 0...100 ms

State 0; 1
Polarity position NO; NC
Power maximum 0.5 W for ambient temperature less than 70℃ (158 ℉);
0.8 W for ambient temperature less than 45℃ (113 ℉);
Delay 0.00...60.00 s
P5/EN M/44B 431

Table 126 - Characteristics of the digital inputs (Continued)
Parameter Value
Universal Standard voltage Customisable voltage
On event No; Yes
Off event No; Yes
Counters 0 to 255 - 511 - 1023 - 2047 - 4095 - 8191 - 16383 - 32767 - 65535
Reset automatically to 0 if the limit is exceeded.
Counter max value Setting range is 8 to 16 bit counter
Name of digital inputs Label: short name for display on the local panel.
String of max. 10 characters. Default is "DI1...DIx".
Description: long name for display in eSetup Easergy Pro or HMI

String of max. 32 characters. Default is "Digital input 1...Digital input x".
NOTE: Digital inputs can be assigned to a signal with normal state or inverted
state.
432 P5/EN M/44B

Virtual inputs and virtual outputs

There are virtual inputs and virtual outputs that can, in many places, be used like
their hardware equivalents except that they are located in the memory of Easergy
P5. Virtual inputs can be used in many operations act like normal digital inputs
such as: enable changing setting groups, block/enable/disable functions, program
logics, and so on.
Virtual inputs can be selected to operate by the function buttons on local panel,
the local mimic, communication or simply by using the Virtual input menu of
eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI.
The activation and reset delay of virtual inputs/outputs is about 5 ms.
The status of virtual inputs and outputs can be read:
• with eSetup Easergy Pro in the Virtual inputs views of CONTROL menu and
Virtual outputs views of Device/Test menu
• by local panel in Virtual inputs or Virtual outputs view of Control menu
• web HMI
• communication depending on the protocol
The virtual inputs and virtual outputs can be named through eSetup Easergy Pro
or Web HMI in the Names for virtual inputs and Names for virtual outputs views of
CONTROL menu.
The virtual input signals can be connected to different outputs of the Output
matrix, LED matrix, Block matrix, Object block matrix, Auto-recloser 79
matrix views in the MATRIX menu of eSetup Easergy Pro and Web HMI or used
in the custom logic function.
The virtual outputs can be controlled through output matrix (see Output matrix
view in the Matrix menu of eSetup Easergy Pro and Web HMI).
Table 127 - Characteristics of the virtual inputs and outputs
Number of 50
Virtual Inputs
Number of 20
Virtual Outputs
VI1-VI50 0 Virtual input status is set to inactive. Editable when IED

1 Virtual input status is set to active. mode is set to "Test".
VO1-VO20 0 Virtual output status is set to inactive. Editable when IED

1 Virtual output status is set to active. mode is set to "Test".
Refresh period 5 ms The activation and reset delay of the

virtual inputs/outputs
Event enabling No Active edge event disabled.

Yes Active edge event enabled.
Check L/R No disabled

selection Yes enabled
Name of virtual inputs and virtual outputs
Label String of Short name for virtual inputs and Editable parameter
max. 10 virtual outputs on the local display. (password needed)
characters Default is "VI1...VIn" and "VO1...
VOn". n is the maximum number of
the digital inputs or outputs.
Description String of Long name for virtual inputs and Editable parameter
max. 32 virtual outputs. Default is "Virtual input (password needed)
characters 1 (or Virtual output 1)...Virtual input n
(or Virtual output n)".
n is the maximum number of the
virtual inputs or virtual outputs.
P5/EN M/44B 433

Virtual input pulse time operation

VI1 to VI10 are configurable virtual inputs, they can operate on pulse mode, which
is achieved by a settable VI pulse length.
When the VI pulse length is set to "0 = infinite", it keeps actual operation; and with
any setting > 0 s, the VI state gets automatically reset to 0 (low/ inactive), once the
pulse timer expires.
The pulse timer can be re-started while running, when a SCADA command with
value “1” received, and can be reset instantaneously when a SCADA command
with value "0" received.
NOTE: Easergy P5 can not memorised the VI statuses, VI status will be reset
to “0” when power supply lost.
434 P5/EN M/44B

Matrix
General information
The Easergy P5 protection relay has several matrices that are used for linking the
hardware and software elements together to create a protection chain:
• Output matrix
Used to link various inputs, outputs, statuses and signals to send a command
to the contact relays and virtual outputs, to activate disturbance recording,
and to provide SOL status.
• Block matrix
Used to block protection stages
• LED matrix
Used to control LEDs on the local panel
• Object block matrix
Used to inhibit object control
• Auto-recloser matrix
Used to control auto-recloser
• Arc-flash matrix
Used for Arc-flash detection functions
• Event matrix
See Logging and recording functions, page 466.
• Goose matrix
Used in association with IEC61850 (see the Goose matrix view in the
communication menu).
It allows to associate up to 250 Goose messages (NIx) to a virtual input or a
Goose message (NI).
Figure 270 - Blocking matrix and output matrix
Protection stages
Directly
measured Block matrix Output matrix User’s logic
I n
n values START I
TRIP N
V START
n Calculate TRIP P
START U
S, P, Q, n BLOCK TRIP T
cosφ, tanφ, INPUT
symmetric BLOCK S
components INPUT
etc. BLOCK
INPUT OUTPUTS
... ... ...

Virtual
inputs
... n
Digital
inputs
n Output relays Virtual
DI and indicators outputs
n Optional
delay
and
inversion n
Output contacts P533R5B
P5/EN M/44B 435

Output matrix
The output matrix is used for connecting signals issued by different functions to
the output relays (DO), virtual outputs (VO) and disturbance record trigger (DR).
The connecting signals to the outputs are the following:
• Protection signals from the different stages including setting changes
• Auto-recloser information
• Digital inputs
• Virtual inputs and outputs
• Object control command
• Function keys
• Goose
• Voltage sag/swell and interrupt
• Timers
The Output matrix setting view of eSetup Easergy Pro and Web HMI represents
the state (de-energised/energised) of the digital output's coil. For example, an
orange vertical line in the Output matrix and a logical "1" in the Relays view
represent the energised state of the coil. The same principle applies for both NO
and NC type digital outputs. The actual position (open/closed) of the digital
outputs' contacts in coil's de-energised and energised state depends on the type
(NO/NC) of the digital outputs. De-energised state of the coil corresponds to the
normal state of the contacts.
A digital output can be configured as latched or non-latched. The releasing latches
procedure is described in Releasing latches, page 440.
Programming matrix
Matrix connection without latch
The connection is shown as a single bullet.
• When the input signal is activated, the output is activated
• When the input signal is released, the output is released
Latched matrix connection
The latched connection is shown as a single bullet surrounded by a circle.
• When the input signal is activated, the output is activated
• When the input signal is released, the output will remain active until cleared
manually (refer to Releasing latches, page 440).
No connection
The line crossing is empty.
NOTE: Logic outputs (see Logic functions, page 449) are also assigned
automatically in the output matrix when defined in any user programmable
logic scheme.
Blocking matrix
The operation of any protection stage can be blocked using the blocking matrix in
the MATRIX menu/Block matrix sub-menu. The blocking signal can originate
from the digital inputs or it can be a start or trip signal from a protection stage or an
output signal from the user's programmable logic.
The Blocked status becomes visible only when the stage is about to activate.
436 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 271 - A view from the setting tool showing a DI input blocking
connection (left picture) and the result for the I> stage when the DI is active
and the stage exceeds its current start value
NOTICE
UNINTENDED AND NUISANCE TRIPPING
• In the online mode, the blocking matrix is dynamically controlled by selecting
and deselecting protection stages.
• Activate the protection stages first, then store the settings in the protection
relay. After that, refresh the blocking matrix before configuring it.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in unwanted shutdown of
the electrical installation.
P5/EN M/44B 437

LED matrix
The LED matrix defines the use of the Alarm LED , the trip LED , and the
configurable LEDs on the local panel of Easergy P5 protection relay. A lot of
functions can be assigned to eachLED.
Table 128 - Inputs for LEDs
Input LED Latch Description Not-

mapping e114
Protection, arc and green or red Normal/ Different type of protection Set
programmable stages Latched/ stages can be assigned to
BlinkLatch LEDs
Digital/virtual inputs and green or red Normal/ All different type of inputs Set
function buttons Latched/ can be assigned to LEDs
BlinkLatch
Object open/close, object green or red Normal/ Information related to Set
final trip and object failure Latched/ objects and object control
information BlinkLatch
Local control enabled green or red Normal/ While remote/local state is Set
Latched/ selected as local the "local
BlinkLatch control enabled" is active
Logic output 1-20 green or red Normal/ All logic outputs can be Set
Latched/ assigned to LEDs at the
BlinkLatch LED matrix
Manual control indication green or red Normal/ When the user has Set
Latched/ controlled the objectives
BlinkLatch
Setting error, self green or red Normal/ Self diagnostic signal Set
diagnostic alarm, pwd open Latched/
and setting change BlinkLatch
GOOSE NI 1-250 green or red Normal/ IEC 61850 goose Set

Latched/ communication signal
BlinkLatch
GOOSE error green or red Normal/ IEC 61850 goose Set
Latched/ communication signal
BlinkLatch
All the LEDs (6 for Easergy P5x20; 10 for Easergy P5x30) can be assigned as
green or red in the MATRIX menu/LED matrix sub-menu of eSetup Easergy Pro.
The selection of green and red at the same time will result in yellow.
The connection can be normal, latched or blink-latched (flashing).
NOTE: It is not possible to control LEDs direcly from logics.
Normal connection
When the connection is normal, the assigned LED is active when the control
signal is active. After deactivation, the LED turns off. LED activation and
deactivation delay when controlled is approximately 10 ms.
Latched connection
A latched LED activates when the control signal activates but remains lit even
when the control signal deactivates. Latched LEDs can be released by pressing
the key on the local panel.
114. Set = an editable parameter (password needed)
438 P5/EN M/44B

Blink-latched connection
When the connection is "BlinkLatch", the assigned LED is active and blinking as
long as the control signal is active. After deactivation, the LED remains latched
and blinking. The latch can be released by pressing the key on the local panel.
Object block matrix

The object block matrix is used to link digital inputs, virtual inputs, function
buttons, protection stage outputs, object statuses, logic outputs, alarm signals and
GOOSE signals to inhibit the control of objects, that is, circuit breakers, isolators
and earthing/grounding switches.
Typical signals to inhibit controlling of the objects like circuit breaker are protection
stage activation, statuses of the other objects, interlocking made in logic or
GOOSE signals. These and other signals are linked to objects through the object
block matrix.
Auto-recloser matrix
The auto-recloser matrix is used to link digital inputs, virtual inputs, protection
stage outputs, object statuses, logic outputs, alarm signals and GOOSE signals to
control the auto-recloser. For more information, see Auto-recloser function (ANSI
79), page 383.
Arc-flash matrix
The arc-flash detection matrix uses three types of matrix:
• Arc-flash light matrix
The arc-flash light matrix is used for connecting light signals detected by
sensors or Goose or any virtual inputs to the different stages of the Arc-flash
detection function.
• Arc-flash current matrix
The arc-flash current matrix is used for connecting current signals and any
virtual inputs to the different stages of the Arc-flash detection function.
• Arc-flash output matrix
The arc-flash output matrix is used for connecting the different arc stage
signals to the digital outputs.
See Arc-flash (ANSI 50ARC), page 333 for more information on the arc-flash
protection function of the Easergy P5 protection relay.
P5/EN M/44B 439

Releasing latches
According to the matrix configurations different outputs and indicators can be
latched or non-latched. A non-latched output or indicator follows the controlling
signal. A latched output or indicator remains active after the controlling signal
releases.
There is a common "release all latches" signal to release all the latched relays.
This release signal resets all the latched digital outputs and indicators.
Each digital output can be latched or not independently through the output matrix.
The release of the latches can be done:
• Directly with the key on the local panel
• With a digital input/output or virtual input/output set in the CONTROL menu/
Release latches sub-menu of eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI
• With eSetup Easergy Pro, click Device button in the toolbar and select
Release all latches
• With Web HMI
• Through communication
440 P5/EN M/44B

Mimic display
The Easergy P5 protection relay can display multiple mimic screens (up to 5) on
the local panel. The mimic screen can be entered from the main screen/default
screen.
When pressing the mimic entry, the first mimic is shown on the local panel. The
user can use the left/right navigation keys to switch between mimics. If the first
mimic is currently displayed, only right navigation key is functional. If the 5th mimic
is currently displayed, only left navigation key is functional. It is not possible to add
or remove any mimic, but it can be hidden by clicking the Visibility button in the
mimic configuration screen.
There are two ways to configure a mimic screen, from scratch, or from one
existing mimic by clicking the Duplicate button located in the mimic configuration
screen. The name and the content of each individual mimic can be edited. The
content of each mimic is independent of the others. The user can click the left/right
shift button to switch between mimic screens. The mimics can be configured in
online mode (connected to the Easergy P5 by mini-USB port or Ethernet port) or
offline mode.
Each mimic can display a single-line diagram, which can be created in eSetup
Easergy Pro through the Mimic view of the GENERAL menu. Up to 8 analogue
measurements (voltage, current, power...) based on the selection and up to 5
digital signals with fixed assignment can be displayed in one mimic. In order to
display all the required information, the user can spread the information across
multiple mimics.
Considering checking all the five mimics on default screen scenario, the user can
use the up/down navigation keys to switch between mimics, and use the left/right
navigation keys to view the Main measurements, firmware version and the
Alarm list screens from the Easergy P5.
Figure 272 - Set up the Mimic view
O P Q R
A B C D E F G
J
K L
H
M
I
N
A Cursor: used to move an object J Provides the Easergy P5 protection

To move an existing object, select the relay's location. The text comes from the
tool, point the cursor to the object until the System info view of the GENERAL menu
object turns green and then drag and drop
the object to the new position.
B Draw line: used to draw lines in the view K Remote / Local state
To draw a line, select the tool, click the left Depending on the state, some settings
mouse button at the start point and then and actions are not allowed
move the cursor to the second point and The remote / Local state can be changed
click again. in the Objects view of the CONTROL
menu.
P5/EN M/44B 441

C Delete object: used to delete an existing L Auto reclosing check box

object from the view To show or hide the Auto-reclosing state
To delete an object, select the tool, point in the view
the cursor to the object until the object
turns red and click.
D Text: used to insert text in the view M Virtual input x check boxes
To insert text, select the tool, click at the To show or hide the specified virtual
position to place the text and then, in the inputs states in the view
pop-up dialog box, type in the text and
click the OK button.
Use the Cursor tool to move the text if
necessary.
E Zoom in: used to increase the size of the N Up to 8 freely selectable measurements
view To select the measurements to be shown
To zoom in, click the tool until the view in the view
reaches the desired size.
F Zoom out: used to decrease the size of O The sequence number of the mimic
the view
To zoom out, click the tool until the view
reaches the desired size.
G Clear view: used to remove all objects P Shift key: used to switch between
from the view different mimics
To clear the view, click the tool and select
OK to confirm.
H Different choice of configurable objects Q Visibility key: used to hide/unhide the
The object's number corresponds to the mimic
number in the Object menu.
I Some predefined drawings for use in the R Duplicate key: used to copy the current
view. mimic
Table 129 - Mimic functionality
Sublocation Text field Up to 20 characters. Fixed location.
Object 1–8 1–8 Double-click on top of the object to change the

control number between 1 and 8. Number 1
corresponds to object 1 in CONTROL menu/
Objects sub menu.
Auto-reclosing 0 Possible to enable/disable auto-reclosing locally in

1 local mode (L) or remotely in remote mode (R).
Position can be changed.
Measurement Select the Up to 8 freely selectable measurements.

display 1–8 measurements from
the drop down list
Virtual input 1–4 0 Change the status of virtual inputs while the
1 password is enabled. Position can be changed.
Local panel configuration

The display and behaviour of the Easergy P5 protection relay's local panel can be
configured in the GENERAL menu/Local panel conf sub-menu of the eSetup
Easergy Pro.
Table 130 - Local panel configuration
Parameter Value Note

Contrast of LCD screen 0–15 For Easergy P5x20 only.
Display backlight control Selection of digital inputs (DI),

one virtual inputs (VI), one
virtual outputs (VO), or one
function key (Fx).
Backlight off timeout 0.0–2000.0 min Configurable delay for

backlight to turns off when the
protection relay is not used.
442 P5/EN M/44B

Table 130 - Local panel configuration (Continued)
Parameter Value Note

Default value is 60 minutes.
When value is zero (0.0)
backlight stays on all the time.
Display evt time not sync Checked Event time shown normally if
unchecked relay is synchronised, or
otherwise in brackets.
Object for control buttons Object 1 - Object 6
Mode for control buttons Selective Two different ways of

Direct controlling the object using the
control buttons (I/O) (see
Controllable objects, page 443)
Fault value scaling PU PU: analogue values displayed

Primary in % or x rated value;
Primary: analogue values
displayed directly in primary
units.
Date style yy-mm-dd
dd.mm.yy
mm/dd/yy
Clear events -
Clear
Default screen Used to set the default home
screen of the local panel.
Controllable objects
The Easergy P5 protection relay allows the control of six objects, that is, circuit-
breakers, disconnectors and earthing/grounding switches by the "select before
operate" or "direct control" principle.
The object block matrix and logic functions can be used to configure interlocking
to help ensure the control before the output pulse is issued. The objects 1 - 6 are
controllable whilst the additional objects 7 - 8 are only able to show the status.
Controlling of objects 1–6 is possible in the following ways:
• through the object control buttons (I/O)
• through the local panel and display using single line diagram
• through the function key
• through a digital input
• through a remote communication
• through eSetup Easergy Pro setting tool
• through Web HMI
• through the EcoStruxure Power Device application
The connection of an object to specific controlling outputs is done via an output
matrix (object 1 – 6 open output, object 1 – 6 close output). There is also an output
signal "Object failed" that is activated if the control of an object is not completed.
Object states
Each object has the following states:
Setting Value Description
Object state Undefined (00) Actual state of the object
Open
Close
P5/EN M/44B 443

Undefined (11)
Basic settings for controllable objects

Each controllable object has the following settings:
DI for "obj open" None, any digital input, virtual input Open information
or virtual output
DI for "obj close" Close information
DI for "obj ready" Ready information
Max ctrl pulse 0.02...600 s Pulse length for open and close
length commands. Control pulse stops
once object changes its state
Completion timeout 0.02...600 s Timeout of ready indication
Object control Open/Close Direct object control
If changing the states takes longer than the time defined by the "Max ctrl pulse
length" setting, the object is inoperative and the "Object failure" matrix signal is
set. Also, an undefined event is generated. "Completion timeout" is only used for
the ready indication. If the "DI for 'obj ready'" is not set, the completion timeout has
no meaning.
NOTE: The Object can only be controlled when its position is in a known state.
Output signals of controllable objects
Each controllable object has two control signals in the matrix:
Output signal Description
Object x Open Open control signal for the object
Object x Close Close control signal for the object
Settings for read-only objects

Each read-only object has the following settings:
DI for "obj open" None, any digital input, virtual input Open information
or virtual output
DI for "obj close" Close information
Object timeout 0.02...600 s Timeout for state changes
If changing states takes longer than the time defined by "Object timeout" setting,
an "Object failure" matrix signal is set, and an undefined-event is generated.
Local or remote control

In Local mode, the digital outputs can be controlled via the local panel, but they
cannot be controlled via a remote communication interface.
In Remote mode, the digital outputs cannot be controlled via the local panel, but
only via a remote communication interface.
The Local or Remote mode is selected by one selectable digital input or using the
local/remote button on local panel. When digital input is configured to switch
between Local and Remote mode, the local/remote button will not take effect and
so when it is pressed an alarm message appears, to remind the user that a digital
input is applied to switch the Local or Remote mode. It is in Local mode when the
digital input is OFF, and it is in Remote mode when the digital input is ON.
444 P5/EN M/44B

The selection of the L/R digital input is done in the CONTROL menu/Objects sub-
menu of the eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI.
Object control with digital inputs

Objects can be controlled with digital inputs, virtual inputs or virtual outputs. There
are four settings for each controllable object:
Setting Active
DI for remote open / close control In remote state
DI for local open / close control In local state
If the protection relay is in a local control state, the remote control inputs are
ignored and vice versa. An object is controlled when a rising edge is detected from
the selected input. The length of digital input pulse should be at least 60 ms.
Object control with function keys

Each function key toggles an internal signal. This internal signal is available as an
input of the output matrix, the block matrix, the auto-reclose matrix, the LED matrix
and the object block matrix.
The function keys can also be used:
• To clear the minimum and maximum of current, voltage and power
• To clear the minimum and maximum of demand values and RMS demand
values
• To select a setting group
• To select the IED modes (Normal / Test / Test-blocked)
• To enable / disable the auto-recloser
• To bypass the synchro-check
• As an input in the programmable logic
NOTE: If the backlight for the LCD display is switched off, pressing a function
key for the first time will only light up the LCD display. The function assigned to
the function key will only be triggered when this function key is pressed a
second time. This configuration is also valid for the other local panel keys.
Depending on the model of the Easergy P5 protection relay there is 1 or 7 function
keys available on the local panel:
• F1 for Easergy P5 x20
• F1 to F7 for Easergy P5 x30
The selection of the function Keys for the objects is made in the CONTROL menu/
Objects sub-menu of the eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI.
The function keys are configured to control objects in the CONTROL menu/
Function buttons sub-menu of the eSetup Easergy Pro.
Table 131 - Parameters for the function keys
Status 0 Disabled
1 Enabled
Selected control V1...V50 Virtual input
ObjCtrl Object control
Fn Function key n
ChgTstMod Change the IED mode
P5/EN M/44B 445

Table 131 - Parameters for the function keys (Continued)
Selected objects - No object selected
xLocOpen; Shown when ObjCtrl is selected in the Selected

xLocClose control field.
Fn pulse length (0 = 0.00...600 s Time delay common to all programmable function
infinite) keys
Object control with I and O buttons

The Easergy P5 protection relay also has dedicated control buttons for objects. (I)
stands for object closing and (O) controls object open command internally. Object
for control buttons and Mode for control buttons are configured in the
CONTROL menu/Objects sub-menu of the eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI.
Table 132 - Parameters of control buttons
Parameter Value Unit Description Set
Object for control - Disabled: the control buttons do not control Set
buttons any object.
Obj1...Obj6 Button
closes selected object if password is

enabled.
Button
opens selected object if password is

enabled.
Mode for control Selective Control operation needs confirmation (select
buttons before operate)
Direct Pressing the control button directly leads to

action of the controled object.
Timers
Description
The Easergy P5 protection platform includes four settable timers that can be used
together with the user's programmable logic or to control setting groups and other
applications that require actions based on calendar time. Each timer has its own
settings. After setting the selected on-time and off-time you can then select
whether the timer is activated every day or just selected days of the week (See the
setting parameters for details). The timer outputs are available for logic functions
and for the block and output matrices.
446 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 273 - Timer output sequence in different modes
P533NIA
You can force any timer, which is in use to on or off. The forcing is done by writing
a new status value. Unlike the digital inputs no forcing flag is needed.
The forced timer status remains as forced until the next forced change or the next
time the timer automatically changes status.
The status of each timer is stored in the non-volatile memory when the auxiliary
power is switched off. At startup, the status of each timer is recovered.
Setting parameters
Table 133 - Setting parameters of timers
Status - Not in use

0 Output is inactive
1 Output is active
On hh:mm:ss Activation time of the timer

Off hh:mm:ss De-activation time of the timer
Mode For each four timers there are 12 different modes available:
- The timer is off and not running. The output is off, i.e. 0 all the
time.
Daily The timer switches on and off once every day.
Monday The timer switches on and off every Monday.
Tuesday The timer switches on and off every Tuesday.
Wednesday The timer switches on and off every Wednesday.
Thursday The timer switches on and off every Thursday.
Friday The timer switches on and off every Friday.
Saturday The timer switches on and off every Saturday.
Sunday The timer switches on and off every Sunday.
MTWTF The timer switches on and off every day except Saturdays and
Sundays
MTWTFS The timer switches on and off every day except Sundays.
SatSun The timer switches on and off every Saturday and Sunday.
P5/EN M/44B 447

448 P5/EN M/44B

Logic functions
Easergy P5 protection relay supports user-defined programmable logic for
boolean signals. User-configurable logic can be used to create functionality that is
not provided by the protection relay as a default. You can see and modify the logic
in the Logic setting view of the Control menu in the eSetup Easergy Pro or Web
HMI.
Table 134 - Available logic functions and their memory use
Number of gates Max. number of input Max. number of

reserved gates logic outputs
AND 1
OR 1
XOR 1
AND+OR 2
CT 2
(count + reset)
250
INVAND 2 (An input gate can include 20
any number of signals.)
INVOR 2
OR+AND115 2
RS 2
(set + reset)
RS_D 4
(set + D + load +
reset)
The consumed memory is dynamically shown on the configuration view in

percentage. The first value indicates the memory consumption of inputs, the
second value the memory consumption of gates, the third value the memory
consumption of logic outputs, and the fourth value the memory consumption of
outputs. The logic is operational as long as the memory consumption of the inputs,
gates, logic outputs and outputs remains individually below or equal to 100%.
Figure 274 - Logic and memory consumption
[Inputs: 4%] [Logic gates: 7%] [Logic outputs: 10%] [Outputs]

Set
Virtual input 1 & & RS TCS alarm Virtual output 1

Reset
2000
≥1
CB Open_DI1
&
CB Close_DI2
≥1
CB Open_DI1
CB Close_DI2
P533NJB
Logic timer feature

Easergy P5 protection relay logic function can be used to manage accurate
breaker control and alarms with flexibility thanks to the logic timer feature
included. Logic timer feature offer the possibility of assigning a freely configurable
time characteristic to the output signal of each Boolean equation.
115. by selecting “AND+OR” and ticking “Reverse”
P5/EN M/44B 449

The logic timer feature could be configured by clicking on any Logic output in the
logic diagram, a window of Signal mapping will be pop up:
On Signal mapping window, make Timer mode setting checked, a Logic output
(t) will be shown. By clicking on the Logic output(t), requested timer mode could be
selected together with the dedicated time configured.
The protection relay’s HMI screen could display a countdown logic timer pop-up
window. It could be enabled in the Logic timers view of the Control menu of
eSetup Easergy Pro or the local panel. The popup window could be closed by
pressing any key.
Table 135 - Settings and characteristics of the logic timer
Timer mode
Setting range Op./Rel.delay; Op.delay/Pulse; Op./Rel.retrig;
Op./Pulse.retrig; Minimum time
t1
Setting range 0...60,000.00 s
Resolution 0.01 s
t2
Setting range 0...60,000.00 s
Resolution 0.01 s
The following figures show the time characteristics for the various timer stage
operating modes.
450 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 275 - Timer mode: Pickup/reset delay, non-triggerable (Op./Rel.delay)

t2 = 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t1 t1
t1 = 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t2 t2
t1, t2 > 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t1 t2 t1 t2
P533NKA
t1 operate delay t2 release delay
Figure 276 - Timer mode: Pulse, delayed pickup, non-triggerable (Op.delay/

Pulse)
t2 = 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t1 t1
t1 = 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t2 t2
t1, t2 > 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t1 t2 t1 t2
P533NLA
t1 operate delay t2 pulse delay
Figure 277 - Timer mode: Pickup/reset delay, retriggerable (Op./Rel.retrig)
t2 = 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t1 t1
Retrigger pulse
t1 = 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t2 t2
t2
Retrigger pulse
t1, t2 > 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t1 t2 t1 t2
t2
t2 P533NMA
t1 operate delay t2 release delay
P5/EN M/44B 451

Figure 278 - Timer mode: Minimum time (Minimum time)
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t1 t1 t1 t1
P533NOB
t1 minimum time
Figure 279 - Timer mode: Pulse, delayed pickup, retriggerable (Op./Pulse.

retrig)
t2 = 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t1 t1
t1 = 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t2 t2
Retrigger pulse
t1, t2 > 0 s
Logic output n
Logic output n (t)

t1 t2 t1 t2
t1 t1
P533NNA
t1 operate delay t2 pulse delay
Table 136 - Logic gates
Logic gate Symbol Truth table
AND
In Out
A Y
0 0
1 1
In Out
A Y
0 1
1 0
In Out
A B Y
0 0 0
1 1 1
1 0 0
0 1 0
452 P5/EN M/44B

Table 136 - Logic gates (Continued)
In Out
A B Y
0 0 1
1 1 0
1 0 1
0 1 1
AND+OR
In Out
A B Y
0 0 0
1 1 1
1 0 1
0 1 1
CT
(count+reset)
In Out
A B Y Y
Cont Reset Setting New
1 3 0
1 3 0
1 3 1
1 3 0
OR
In Out
A B Y
0 0 0
1 1 1
1 0 1
0 1 1
In Out
A B Y
0 0 1
1 1 0
1 0 0
0 1 0
In Out
A B C Y
0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1
1 1 0 1
0 1 0 1
1 1 1 1
P5/EN M/44B 453

In Out
A B C Y
0 0 0 1
1 0 0 0
1 1 0 0
0 1 0 0
1 1 1 0
INVAND
In Out
A B Y
0 0 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
0 1 0
INVOR
In Out
A B Y
0 0 1
1 1 1
1 0 1
0 1 0
OR+AND
(AND+OR
reversed) In Out
A B Y
0 0 0
1 1 1
1 0 0
0 1 0
RS
(set+reset)
A B Y
Set Reset Y
1 0 1
1 1 0
0 0 0
0 1 0
454 P5/EN M/44B

RS_D
(set+D+load+reset)
A B C D Y
Set D-input Load Reset Y
0 0 0 0 0
1 x x 0 1
0 1 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 1
x x x 1 0
XOR
In Out
A B C Y
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 0
P5/EN M/44B 455

Advanced logic
Easergy P5 protection relay can also support an advanced programming tool
(ISaGRAFTM Workbench of Rockwell Automation) for developing user-defined
programmable logic. The advanced logic can be used in conjunction with the
programmable logic to create a very flexible and strong logic capability. The
programmable logic is optimised for execution speed whilst the advanced logic of
ISaGRAFTM provides flexibility. Typically, high speed interlocks and tripping
functions should use the programmable logic whilst less time demanding functions
such as complex control functions are more suited to the advanced logic.
ISaGRAFTM offers a solution compliant to the IEC 61131 and IEC 61499
standards.
To know whether the Easergy P5 protection relay supports the advanced logic
function or not, check the 17th field of the reference number of the Easergy P5
protection relay as shown in the examples below, where C stands for advanced
logic and basic cybersecurity and D for advanced logic and advanced
cybersecurity option.
P 5 x 2 0 - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ C _
P 5 x 3 0 - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ D _
ISaGRAFTM Workbench including text and graphics editors is used to develop

specific custom applications in the following programming languages：
• SFC: Sequential Function Chart
• ST: Structured Text
• LD: Ladder Diagram
• FBD: Function Block Diagram
• SAMA: Scientific Apparatus Makers Association
Easergy P5 with ISaGRAFTM Runtime capability supports maximum 2048 boolean
digital inputs and 128 boolean digital outputs. There is no limit on the number of
gates and timers.
Table 137 - Settings and characteristics of the advanced logic
Inputs
Number 2048
All boolean signals available in matrix.
Outputs
Number 128
These outputs can be configured through matrix

according to the application usage and can be
used in the Programmable logic.
Execution rate
Value 40 ms
Timer
The eSetup Easergy pro provides several parameters about the advanced logic
function. Project files CRC is Cyclic Redundancy Check for project files, which is
to check whether the content of the logic is changed. Project name, Project
comment, Configuration name and Configuration comment can be
customised in the ISaGRAFTM Workbench.
In order to create an advanced logic, the ISaGRAFTM Workbench software of
Rockwell Automation needs to be installed on the computer and a license for
activating the ISaGRAFTM is needed. For more information on the license, please
456 P5/EN M/44B

contact RAisagraf_sales@ra.rockwell.com or local Rockwell Automation Sales

Office.
Creating an advanced logic offline

1. When ISaGRAFTM Workbench with an active license is installed on the
computer, the logic can be created by clicking the Edit advanced logic in the
CONTROL menu/Advanced logic sub-menu via the eSetup Easergy Pro.
Then a default project will be opened in the ISaGRAFTM Workbench
automatically. Whilst editing using the ISaGRAFTM Workbench, Easergy Pro
will be locked out.
NOTE: Only Easergy P5 products with the correct order option will have
the Advanced logic sub-menu.
Figure 280 - View of ISaGRAFTM Workbench of Rockwell Automation
P5/EN M/44B 457

2. To create an advanced logic (in FBD as an example), double click Demo,

which is under IsaPrj/Config1/AdvancedLogic/Programs at the left side of
the ISaGRAFTM Workbench. To create an advanced logic in other
programming languages, right click Programs and choose add. For more
information on those properties and on building a logic in the ISaGRAFTM
Workbench, click HELP on the title bar.
The boolean signals of the Easergy P5 can be used as the variables in the
ISaGRAFTM Workbench. The user can link the Easergy P5 signals to the
variables in the ISaGRAFTM Workbench, by double clinking the variables in
the logic diagram. The available signals include NI, DI, VI, VO, protection start
or trip signals, and program logic output signals.
Easergy P5 ISaGRAFTM logic supports a maximum of 128 boolean digital
outputs. These outputs can be configured through matrix according to the
application usage and can be used in the Programmable logic.
When creating an advanced logic, in order to keep its performance, the
following suggestions are recommended:
• Try to create all the logic in one diagram. Logic is executed from top to
bottom and from left to right in the ISaGRAFTM Workbench, thus follow
this principle when creating logic.
• If the logic is in multiple diagrams, pay attention to the order of those
diagrams. Set the value of Order of the diagram, to be executed first, to 1
in the Properties panel, and so on.
NOTICE
IMPROPER OPERATION
The property resource name should not be modified in the ISaGRAFTM
Workbench.
3. When the logic is built, click Save and close the ISaGRAF® workbench. A
pop-up window showing the information “Do you want to attach advanced
logic project (ISaGRAFTM) to the configuration?” appears on the screen of the
eSetup Easergy pro. Click Yes.
4. In the eSetup Easergy pro, click Save as to save the complete configuration
file, which includes the created advanced logic, locally.
5. Connect the P5 device through the eSetup Easergy pro, and open the saved
configuration file. Then Write the configuration file to the P5 device.
eSetup Easergy Pro is the only way to download ISaGRAFTM logic into P5 device.
In the process of downloading, if there are invalid signals, an alarm window will
pop-up (while the ISaGRAFTM program continues to run).
Updating an advanced logic online

1. Connect the P5 device through the eSetup Easergy Pro.
458 P5/EN M/44B

2. Click the Edit advanced logic in the CONTROL menu/Advanced logic sub-
menu via the eSetup Easergy Pro.
3. Update the advanced logic in the ISaGRAFTM Workbench.
4. After updating, click Save and close the ISaGRAFTM Workbench. Then A
pop-up window appears on the screen of the eSetup Easergy pro. Click Yes.
5. Write the configuration file to the P5 device via the eSetup Easergy Pro.
eSetup Easergy Pro is the only way to download ISaGRAFTM logic into P5 device.
Commissioning
NOTICE
CYBER SECURITY
The ISaGRAFTM debugging protocols are without any security capabilities. The
data is transmitted in clear text. Thus, the debug function must only be used in
secured communication networks.
Easergy P5 can support the online commissioning function of the advanced logic
by enabling the setting “Enable advanced logic debug mode” which is in the
Communication menu/Protocol configuration sub-menu.
1. Click IsaPrj. Then click VIEW on the title bar, and choose Deployment View.
2. Select part of the wire connecting the Easergy P5 in the deployment window.
3. Enter the IP address of the mini-USB port or the Ethernet port of the Easergy
P5 in the Properties panel at the right side of the ISaGRAFTM Workbench.
4. Save the configuration, click BUILD and choose Build Solution the logic.
5. Download the advanced logic via the ISaGRAFTM Workbench to the P5
device by right clicking IsaPrj, and then select Download.
6. Select Online and click Start Debugging button.
The commissioning includes:

• Users can commission the logic in the ISaGRAFTM Workbench to highlight
which part of the logic is being activated.
P5/EN M/44B 459

• Users can assign different values to the input to simulate the output to check
the correct behaviour of the logic.
For more information on how to assign the values to the inputs in the simulation
mode, please refer to the HELP on the title bar of the ISaGRAFTM Workbench.
NOTE: To commission an advanced logic, download it via the ISaGRAFTM
Workbench (see Commissioning, page 459). After the commissioning, to
execute the logic, Write it to the P5 device via the eSetup Easergy Pro.
460 P5/EN M/44B

Switchgear control and monitoring

Switchgear control and fail-safe position
For the Easergy P5 protection relay, operational reliability helps ensure the safety
and availability of the installation.
This means avoiding the following 2 situations:
• Nuisance tripping of the protection
Continuity of the electrical power supply is as vital for a manufacturer as it is
for an electricity distribution company. Nuisance tripping caused by the
protection can result in considerable financial losses. This situation affects the
availability of the protection.
• Failure of the protection to trip
The protection relay must detect faults in the electrical power system as
quickly as possible.
Power network systems consist of a set of components (cables, switchgear,
protection relays, measurement transformers, MV/LV transformers, etc.)
whose correct operation may be affected by failures. The consequences of
failure of one of the power system components are varied and depend on
factors specific to each power system.
These include:
◦ Power system topology
◦ Type of connected users
◦ Load types
◦ Position of each component in the power system
◦ Failure mode for each component, etc.
In case a power system fails, it is the responsibility of the user to prioritise
either continuity of the electricity supply, or shutdown of part of the power
system. While designing the power system and its protection plan, knowledge
of the failure modes for each element can be used to steer the failure into a
particular state. This requires the failure mode for the power system elements
to be as deterministic as possible.
To comply with this approach, the Easergy P5 protection relay is equipped
with self-tests that continuously check all its electronics and embedded
software are operating correctly. The purpose of the self-tests is to put the
Easergy P5 protection relay into a deterministic position, called the fail-safe
position, in the event of failure or malfunction of one of its internal
components. In the fail-safe position the Easergy P5 protection relay is no
longer operational. All its output relays are forced into the off-position and the
power system is no longer protected. If the auxiliary power supply disappears,
the Easergy P5 protection relay's contact relays are also in the off-position.
The table below indicates the possible types of behaviour in the event of
Easergy P5 protection relay failure. Use in standard mode or in custom mode
is described in the sections below.
Circuit Breaker with Shunt Trip Coil Circuit Breaker with Undervoltage Trip
Coil
The circuit breaker stays closed if Easergy The circuit breaker opens automatically if
P5 protection relay goes into the fail-safe Easergy P5 protection relay goes into the fail-
position. safe position.
Monitoring is required to detect whether the The circuit breaker opens if the substation
protection is no longer operational. auxiliary voltage disappears.
P5/EN M/44B 461

Selecting the trip command and examples of use
NOTICE
RISK OF UNPROTECTED ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
Always connect the watchdog output to a monitoring device to mitigate and take
appropriate action when the selected trip command does not result in the
installation tripping or when the Easergy P5 protection relay fails.
Failure to follow these instructions can result in unprotected electrical
installation.
An analysis of the operational reliability of the whole installation should determine

whether availability or safety of this installation should be prioritised if Easergy P5
protection relay is in the fail-safe position. This information is used to determine
the choice of trip command as outlined in Selecting the trip command, page 462.
Table 138 - Selecting the trip command
Dia- Control Event Trip Advantage Disadvantage

gram
1 Shunt trip breaker Internal failure or No Availability of the Installation not

or mechanical loss of the installation protected until
latching contactor auxiliary power remedial
supply intervention
2 Breaker with Internal failure or Yes Safety of the Installation not

undervoltage trip loss of the installation available until
coil (fail-safe) auxiliary power remedial
supply intervention
3 Breaker with Internal failure No Availability of the Installation not

undervoltage trip installation available until
coil (not fail-safe) remedial
intervention
Loss of auxiliary Yes Safety of the Installation not
power supply installation available until
remedial
intervention
4 Contactor without Internal failure or Yes Safety of the Installation not
coil latching loss of the installation available until
(permanent order) auxiliary power remedial
supply intervention
Figure 281 - Example of use with shunt trip coil (diagram 1)
Trip
Breaker closed Breaker open
B B
11 9 5 B 7 B
Inhibit closing DO1 DI3 DI4
DO2 12 10 6 8
13
Closing DO3 15
Setting of contact output parameters:

N/O Shunt
closing trip BO1: N/O =0
coil coil BO2: N/C =1
BO3: N/O =0
P533NPC
462 P5/EN M/44B

Figure 282 - Example of use with undervoltage trip coil with fail-safe
condition (diagram 2)
Trip
B B
11 9 5 B 7 B
DO2 12 10 6 8
13
Closing DO3 15

U=0
N/O Undervoltage DO1: N/C =1
closing trip DO2: N/C =1
coil coil DO3: N/O =0
P533NQC
Figure 283 - Example of use with undervoltage trip coil without fail-safe
condition (diagram 3)
Trip
B B
11 9 5 B 7 B
DO2 12 10 6 8
13
Closing DO3 15

U=0
N/O DO1: N/O =0
closing Undervoltage DO2: N/C =1
coil trip DO3: N/O =0
coil
P533NRC
NOTE: When using an undervoltage trip coil, it is recommended to install a

free wheel diode in parallel to the opening coil in order to slow down its
operation in the event of a microbreak on its power supply.
Figure 284 - Example of use with contactor under permanent order

command (diagram 4)

B
14 5 B 7 B
DO1 15 6 DI3 8 DI4
Closing Trip
Contactor
1 C 3 C
2 4
(1) (1)
DI5 DI6
Shunt
trip coil (1) Standard assignments;
can be modified.
Setting output parameters

DO1: N/O =0
P533NSC
P5/EN M/44B 463

Programmable switchgear interlocking

Switchgear interlocking can be easily done using the object matrix.
For example, if object 1 is the circuit breaker, object 2 the isolating switch,
and object 4 the ground switchgear, the blocking scheme could be configured as
below:
1. When CB is closed, the isolating switch open operation is blocked.
2. When ground switchgear is closed, the CB close operation is blocked.
464 P5/EN M/44B

Local control on single-line diagram

The objects can be controlled directly on the local panel in the mimic screen that
includes the single-line diagram.
1. Press the key.
2. With the and arrow keys, select the object, or one of the four virtual
inputs, or the auto-reclosing (if they are displayed in the mimic).
3. Press the key to bring up the menu list.
4. Select Open or Close and then press the key.
NOTE: Only the objects configured connected in Output matrix can be
selected in Mimic screen.
P5/EN M/44B 465

Protection Relay Logging and recording functions
Logging and recording functions

Time tagging
For operations and fault analysis all data are logged with an accurate date and
time.
The items that are time tagged and logged are:
• Events
• Disturbance recording
• Fault data logging
• Voltage interruptions
• Maximum and minimum values of the last 31 days or last 12 months
The Easergy P5 protection relay time stamp resolution is 1 ms.
Event buffer
The Easergy P5 protection relay provides a logging and recording of all important
events that happen during operation. All “operationally relevant” signals, each fully
tagged with date and time at signal start and signal end, are registered and stored
in chronological order. For example, an event can be, start-on, start-off, trip-on or
trip-off of any protection stage, alarm-on or alarm-off, a digital input change, etc.
Each event is associated with a unique code. The selection of signals to be
considered in the event logging and recording can be configured by the user.
As an example, a typical trip event is shown in Example of I>1 trip-on event and its
visibility in local panel and communication protocols, page 466.
Table 139 - Example of I>1 trip-on event and its visibility in local panel and
communication protocols
Event Description Local panel Communication

protocols
Code CHENN: 01E02 CH = event channel, No Yes

channel 1
NN = event code, event 2
A-B-C Fault type Yes No
Event desc: I>1 trip on 2 pu Event text and fault value Yes No
yyyy-mm-dd: 2018-01-31 Date Yes Yes

hh:mm:ss:nnn: Time
08:35:13.413
Timestamp is truncated to 1 ms in event list. The logged events can also be read
using:
• Local panel (see the Events list view under the Events option of the Logs
menu)
• eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI (see the Event buffer view in the LOGS
menu)
• Communication: In this case, only the latest event can be read.
On the local panel, the code is replaced by a ranking number.
With eSetup Easergy Pro, the events can be stored to a file, which is very helpful if
the Easergy P5 protection relay is not connected to a SCADA system.
SCADA systems are reading events using any of the available communication
protocols.
466 P5/EN M/44B

Logging and recording functions Protection Relay
Event configuration
To configure which events are recorded the event enabling matrices are used (see
the Event enabling views in the LOGS menu of eSetup Easergy Pro). This allows
the optimisation of reporting by selecting the most useful events and deselecting
the ones of no interest. This prevents them from being written to the event buffer.
• Event enabling - stages 1
This matrix is used to activate an event when there is a change of the Start
and Trip status of a protection function/ stage. Select On, Off or both.
• Event enabling - stages 2
This matrix is similar to the Event enabling - stages 1 matrix but dedicated to
functions which provide more information than start and trip signals (e.g.
thermal image protection).
• Event enabling - objects
This matrix is dedicated to generate events associated to the defined objects
such as circuit breaker status and controls.
• Event enabling - AR
This matrix is dedicated to the auto recloser function and is used to generate
events associated with auto reclose states and status.
• Event enabling - logic
This matrix is used to generate events when one of the logic equations (up to
20) gets true or false.
• Event enabling - other
This matrix is dedicated to system monitoring including setting group change.
The maximum size of the buffer is 2000 events and can be exported as a PDF file
via eSetup Easergy Pro Print menu. 300 events can be displayed by eSetup
Easergy Pro. Only the latest 300 events, or the oldest 300 events, can be read on
the local panel according to the scroll order parameter.
All events are stored in non-volatile memory inside the Easergy P5 protection
relay and can be saved every 150 ms in the backup memory if available
(Extension board option).
When the buffer is filled the oldest event will be overwritten when a new event
occurs. The shown resolution of a time stamp for an event is one millisecond, but
the actual resolution depends on the particular function creating the event. For
example, most protection stages create events with a 5 ms, 10 ms or 20 ms
resolution. The absolute accuracy of all time stamps also depends on the
protection relay's time synchronisation.
Event buffer overflow

The normal procedure is to poll events from the Easergy P5 protection relay all the
time. If this is not done, the event buffer could reach its limits. In that case, the
oldest event is deleted and the newest is displayed with an OVF (overflow) code
on the local panel.
The Event setting parameters can be configured in Logs/Event logs/Counter of
the local panel .
P5/EN M/44B 467

Characteristics
Table 140 - Setting parameters for events

(description/label)
Clear events/Clear -
events
Clear Clear the buffer of events
Fault value scaling/Fault Scaling of event fault value
value
PU Per unit scaling
Primary Primary scaling
Display evt time not in On (check mark) Event time shown normally if relay is
sync/Event synchro. synchronised
Off Event time is shown in brackets if relay is

not synchronised
Table 141 - Measured and monitored parameters for events

(description/label)
Event buffer size/ 2000 Event buffer size

Counter
468 P5/EN M/44B

Disturbance recording
Description
The Easergy P5 protection relay provides for fault events a disturbance recording
with the sampled analogue values of pre-selected analogue currents and voltages
before, during and after a fault event. Additionally, the calculated frequency, the
states of digital inputs (DI) and output (DO) signals are provided for detailed fault
analysis. The complete list of provided signals is shown in Disturbance recording
parameters (measurements and monitored values), page 470.
Triggering the recording
The recording can be triggered by any start or trip signal from any protection
stage, by a digital input, logic output or GOOSE signals. The triggering signal is
selected in the output matrix (vertical signal DR). The recording can also be
triggered manually. All recordings are time-stamped.
Reading recordings
The recordings can be downloaded with eSetup Easergy Pro. The recording is in
COMTRADE format. This also means that other programs can be used to view
and analyse the recordings made by the Easergy P5 protection relay.
Easergy P5 disturbance records can be read as well thru IEC 61850 and DNP3
ethernet protocols and DNP3 and IEC 60870-5-103 serial communication
protocols. In case disturbance record is downloaded with sFTP, Easergy P5
generate and compress disturbance recorder COMTRADE data file with
DEFLATE format (rfc1950) by using public domain zlib functions. To decompress
the COMTRADE data file, please follow inflate API process defined in Zlib
specification. For detail, please visit home page of zlib (http://www.zlib.net/).
Number of channels
A maximum of 30 records can be stored with a mix of analogue and digital signals:
• 14 Analogue signals
• 124 Digital Signals (40 Digital inputs; 20 Digital outputs; 32 Start signals; 32
Trip signals)
A pre-selection of the channels and their order in the fault recording is made per
default and can be changed by the user with the parameters shown in Disturbance
recording parameters (measurements and monitored values), page 470.
Table 142 - Examples of disturbance recording durations
Selected signals Maximum time setting
4 analogue input signals, up to 40 digital input signals , up to 20 digital 5.46 s

output signals , start and trips signals116117
4 analogue inputs and trip signals 10.92 s
4 analogue inputs, start and trip signals 9.10 s
8 analogue signals, up to 20 digital input signals, up to 20 digital output 4.96 s

signals and trip signals
8 analogue signals, up to 20 digital input signals, up to 20 digital output 3.55 s

signals, start and trip signals
9 analogue input signals, frequency, up to 40 digital input signals, up to 3.41 s

40 digital output signals, all start and trip signals
NOTE: eSetup Easergy Pro provides directly the maximum recording length
when the signals to record are selected (see the bottom section of the
Disturbance recording view in the General menu).
116. Digital input signal means digital inputs (DI), virtual inputs (VI), etc.
117. Digital output signal means digital outputs (DO), virtual output (VO), etc.
P5/EN M/44B 469

Parameters
Table 143 - Disturbance recording parameters (measurements and
monitored values)
Parameter
Value Description
(description/label)
Sample rate per cycle

Sample rate/SR
(fixed according to nominal frequency)
Maximum time setting (in second)

This value depends on the number and type of
Maximum time setting/MaxLen
the selected channels and the configured
recording length.
Status of recording
- Not active
Status/Status
Run Waiting for a triggering
Trig Recording
Add one channel. The maximum number of

channels used simultaneously is 16.
IA, IB, IC Phase current
Measured neutral current by CSH or CTs

IN according to the model of Easergy P5
Phase to phase voltage (only available in three

VAB, VBC, voltage measurement modes:
VCA
2VPP+VN, 2VPP+VN+VPPy, VPP/VPPy)
Phase to neutral voltage (only available in four

voltage measurement modes:
VA, VB, VC
3VP, 3VP/VPy, 3VP/VPPy, 3VP+VN)
VN Neutral voltage
f Frequency (reference side)

Add recorder channel/AddCh
IN.sens Sensitive neutral current
Phase to phase voltage taken from other side
VABy
of the CB for synchro-check scheme
Phase to neutral voltage taken from other side

VAy
of the CB for synchro-check scheme
fy Frequency (comparison side)
DI Digital inputs 1-20 and virtual inputs 1-4 status
The remaining digital inputs available and the

Other DI function keys status
DO All digital outputs and virtual outputs 1-6 status
Starts Start signals of all enabled protection functions
Trips Trip signals of all enabled protection functions
Remove all channels/ClrCh -; Clear Remove all channels
470 P5/EN M/44B

Table 144 - Disturbance recording parameters (settings)
Parameter
Value Description
(description/label)
Recording length/Time 0...30 s Recording length (in second)
Pre trigger time/PreTrig 0...100% Amount of recording before triggering
Disturbance recording event On The event log is created or not when

(checkmark); Disturbance recording is triggered.
Off
Recording memory events On The event log is created or not when
(checkmark); Disturbance recording is reset
Off (clear the recording, reset the time and so on).
Manual triggering/ManTrig -; Trig Command to launch manually a new

disturbance recording
Clear oldest buffer/Clear -; Clear Clear the oldest disturbance recording
Clear all buffers/ClrAll -; Clear Clear all the disturbance recordings
The selection of signals depends on the model of Easergy P5 protection relay and
also on the voltage measurement mode.
Characteristics
Table 145 - Disturbance recording characteristics
Characteristics Values Note

Sample rate 48 samples/cycle Fixed value
Recording time (one record) 0.1...30 s
Pre-trigger rate 0...100%
Number of selected analog 0...16

channels
File format IEC 60255-24:1999 ASCII format
IEC 60255-24:2013
The recording time and the number of records depend on the time setting and the
number of selected channels.
P5/EN M/44B 471

Fault data logging

Fault log provides fault signals including the measured fault data captured during
a fault sequence. The fault logs are logged in chronological order with reference to
the specific fault.
A new fault log is triggered by a starting signal of a protection function.
As an example, a typical fault log is shown in Example of I>1 LOG and its visibility
in local panel and communication protocols, page 472.
There is detailed information available of the eight latest faults: date, time stamp,
setting group active, fault type, fault phase, fault value, I/Vpole angle, elapsed
delay, pre-fault current and fault direction.
The information can be different according to the protection functions.
Table 146 - Example of I>1 LOG and its visibility in local panel and
Parameters Value Description

(description/label)
Date/Date 2022-02-28 Time stamp of the fault log, date
hh:mm:ss:ms 13:28:41.321 Time stamp, time of day
Group/SetGrp 1 Active setting group during fault
Fault type/Fault type A-N Fault type
Fault phase/Fault phase A Fault phase
I>1 fault value/Fault value 5.00 pu Maximum fault current
I/Vpol angle 120° I/Vpol angle
Elapsed delay/End delay 100% Elapsed time of the operating time setting. 100% =
trip
Pre-fault current/Pre-fault 0.00 pu 1 s average phase currents before the fault

current
Fault direction Forward Fault direction
Table 147 - Example of VT supervision and its visibility in local panel and

(description/label)
Date/Date 2018-02-12 Time stamp of the fault log, date
hh:mm:ss:ms 09:45:15.245 Time stamp, time of day
V2 value/V2 xV Negative sequence voltage
I2 value/I2 xA Negative sequence current
The fault logs can be read via:

• Local panel
In the Log view of each protection function in the Protection sub-menu
• eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI
In each protection function view in the Protection menu
• Communication
In this case, only the latest fault logs can be read.
472 P5/EN M/44B

Running hour counter

Description
The running hour counter is typically used to monitor the service time of the motor
or appropriate feeder. This function calculates the total active time of the selected
digital input, virtual I/O or function key. The resolution is 10 seconds.
Settings / characteristics
Table 148 - Running hour counter settings/characteristics
Settings / Characteristics Value

(description/label)
Engine running hours/Run hours
Setting range 0...876000 h
Engine running/Runs (in seconds)
Resolution 10 s
Start counter/Starts
Running hour status/Status
Options Stop; Run
Run hour DI link

Options Selection of one digital input (DI), one virtual input (VI),
one virtual output (VO), or one function key (Fx).
Started at Date and time of the last activation

Stopped at Date and time of the last inactivation
P5/EN M/44B 473

Voltage interruptions
Description
The Easergy P5 protection relay includes a simple function to detect voltage
interruptions. The function calculates the number of voltage interruptions and the
total time of the voltage-off time within a given calendar period. The period is
based on the relay's real-time clock. The available periods are:
• 8 hours, 00:00...08:00, 08:00...16:00, 16:00...24:00
• one day, 00:00...24:00
• one week, Monday 00:00...Sunday 24:00
• one month, the first day 00:00...the last day 24:00
• one year, 1st January 00:00...31st December 24:00
After each period, the number of interruptions and the total interruption time are
stored as previous values. The interruption counter and the total time are cleared
for a new period. Previous values are overwritten.
Voltage interruption is based on the value of the positive sequence voltage V1 and
a set limit value. Whenever the measured V1 goes below the limit, the values of
the interruption counter and the total time counter starts are incremented.
The shortest recognised interruption time is 40 ms. If the voltage-off time is
shorter, it may be recognised depending on the relative depth of the voltage dip.
If the voltage has been significantly above the limit V1< and then there is a small
and short under-swing, it is not recognised.
Figure 285 - A short voltage interruption which is probably not recognised
t
P533K1A
On the other hand, if the limit V1< is high and the voltage has been near this limit,
and then there is a short but very deep dip, it is recognised.
Figure 286 - A short voltage interrupt that will be recognised
t
P533K2A
474 P5/EN M/44B

Settings and measurements

The following Setting parameters of the voltage interruption function, page 475
describes the setting parameter used for the voltage interruption and Measured
and recorded values of the voltage interruption function, page 475 shows the
related measured values available.
Table 149 - Setting parameters of the voltage interruption function
Parameter Value
Voltage low limit/V<
Setting range 10%...120% Vn118
Resolution 1% Vn118
Reset ratio > 103%
Accuracy 3%
Int. Calc. period/Period
Options 8h; Day; Week; Month; Year
Characteristic time
Start time < 60 ms
Table 150 - Measured and recorded values of the voltage interruption

function
Measured value Voltage LOW; Current voltage status

OK
V1 Measured positive sequence voltage
Recorded values Interruption Number of voltage interruptions during the

counter/Count current observation period
Prev. # of Number of voltage interruptions during the

interrupts/Prev previous observation period
Total interrupt time/ Total (summed) time of voltage interruption

Total during the current observation period
NOTE: Total interrupt time "5 20"
means 5 days and 20 hours.
Previous total int. Total (summed) time of voltage interruption

time/Prev during the previous observation period
118. Vnom
P5/EN M/44B 475

Maximum and minimum values of the last 31 days and 12

months
Maximum and minimum values of the phase currents and active/reactive/apparent
power measurements from the last 31 days and the last 12 months are stored in
the relay's non-volatile memory. Corresponding time stamps are stored for the last
31 days. This can be viewed in the LOGS menu/Month max sub-menu of the
eSetup Easergy Pro.
The registered values are listed in the following table:
Table 151 - Registered values
Measurement Max Min Description 31 days 12 months
IA, IB, IC ■ Phase current

(fundamental frequency
value)
IN.meas, IN.sens ■ Neutral current
S ■ Apparent power ■ ■
P ■ ■ Active power ■ ■
Q ■ ■ Reactive power ■ ■
The timebase can be a value from one cycle to one minute. Also a demand value
can be used as the timebase and its value can be set between 10 and 60 minutes.
Table 152 - Parameters of the day and month registers
Timebase Parameter to select the type of the registered values
20 ms Collect min and max of one cycle values119
200 ms Collect min and max of 200 ms average values
1s Collect min and max of 1 s average values
1 min Collect min and max of 1 minute average values
demand Collect min and max of demand values

ResetDays Reset the 31 day registers
ResetMonth Reset the 12 month registers
119. This is the fundamental frequency RMS value of one cycle updated every 20 ms.
476 P5/EN M/44B

System clock and synchronisation

The Easergy P5 protection relay's internal clock is used to time-stamp events and
disturbance recordings.
The system clock should be externally synchronised to get comparable event time
stamps for all the protection relays in the system.
The synchronising is based on the difference of the internal time and the
synchronising message or pulse. This deviation is filtered and the internal time is
corrected softly towards a zero deviation.
Time zone offsets

Time zone offset (or bias) can be provided to adjust the protection relay's local
time. The offset can be set as a Positive (+) or Negative (-) value within a range of
-15.00 to +15.00 hours and a resolution of 0.01 h. Basically, resolution by a
quarter of an hour is enough.
Daylight saving time (DST)

The protection relay provides automatic daylight saving adjustments when
configured. A daylight saving time (summer time) adjustment can be configured
separately and in addition to a time zone offset in the GENERAL menu/System
clock sub-menu of the eSetup Easergy Pro.
Daylight time standards vary widely throughout the world. Traditional daylight/
summer time is configured as one (1) hour positive bias. The new US/Canada
DST standard, adopted in the spring of 2007 is one (1) hour positive bias, starting
at 2:00am on the second Sunday in March, and ending at 2:00am on the first
Sunday in November. In the European Union, daylight change times are defined
relative to the UTC time of day instead of local time of day (as in U.S.), so
European customers need to carefully check the local country rules for DST.
The daylight saving rules are by default UTC +2:00 (24-hour clock):
• Daylight saving time start: Last Sunday of March at 03.00
• Daylight saving time end: Last Sunday of October at 04.00
To help ensure proper hands-free year-around operation, automatic daylight time
adjustments must be configured using the “Enable DST” setting in the GENERAL
menu/System clock sub-menu of the eSetup Easergy Pro and not with the time
zone offset option.
Synchronisation modes and priority

Easergy P5 provides multiple synchronisation modes. The modes and priority are
listed as follows.
Mode Priority
IEEE1588 1
IRIG-B 2
SNTP 3
SNTP backup 4
DI pulse signal 5
Modbus 6
IEC101/103 7
DNP3 8
P5/EN M/44B 477

Synchronisation with DI
The clock can be recognised by reading minute pulses from digital or virtual
inputs. The sync source is selected with the SyncDI setting. When a rising edge is
detected from the selected input, the system clock is adjusted to the nearest
minute. The length of the digital input pulse should be at least 50 ms. The delay of
the selected digital input should be set to zero.
Synchronisation correction
If the sync source has a known offset delay, it can be compensated with this
setting. This is useful for compensating hardware delays or transfer delays of
communication protocols. A positive value compensates a lagging external sync
and communication delays. A negative value compensates any leading offset of
the external synch source.
Sync source
When the protection relay receives new sync message, the sync source display is
updated. If no new sync messages were received within the last 1.5 minutes, the
protection relay switches over to internal sync mode.
Sync source: IRIG-B
IRIG-B synchronisation is supported by the IRIG-B module connected to the
optional extension module of the protection relay.
Deviation
The time deviation means how much the system clock time differs from the sync
source time. The time deviation is calculated after receiving a new sync message.
The filtered deviation means how much the system clock was really adjusted.
Filtering takes care of small deviation in sync messages.
Auto-lag/lead
The protection relay synchronises to the sync source, meaning that it starts
automatically leading or lagging to stay in sync with the master. The learning
process takes a few days.
Table 153 - Clock synchronisation parameters

(description/label)
synchronising source/ Clock synchronisation source

SySrc
Internal No sync synchronised since 200s
DI Digital input
SNTP Protocol sync
ModBus Protocol sync
ModBus TCP Protocol sync
IEC101 Protocol sync
IEC103 Protocol sync
DNP3 Protocol sync
Minute sync pulse DI/ The digital input used for clock synchronisation.
SyncDI120 Possible value depends on the type of I/O card
installed.
- DI not used for synchronising.
120. Set the DI delay to its minimum and the polarity so that the leading edge is the synchronising edge.
478 P5/EN M/44B

Table 153 - Clock synchronisation parameters (Continued)

(description/label)
Select one digital

or virtual input
Synch correction/ -10000.000... synchronisation correction for any constant deviation

SyOS +10000.000 s in the synchronising source
Auto adjust interval/ 0.0...1000.0 s Adapted auto-adjust interval for 1 ms correction

AAIntv121
Average drift/AvDrft lead; lag Adapted average clock drift sign
Sync message 0...65535 The number of received synchronisation messages

counter/MsgCnt or pulses
Latest time deviation/ ± 32767 ms Latest time deviation between the system clock and
Dev the received synchronisation
Filtered sync ± 125 ms Filtered synchronisation deviation

deviation/FilDev
Table 154 - System clock parameters

(description/label)
Date/Date Current date

Time of day/Time Current time
Date style/Style yyyy-mm-dd Date format
dd-mm-yyyy
mm-dd-yyyy
Time zone/Time zone -15.00...+15.00122 UTC time zone for SNTP synchronisation.123
Status of DST/DST enabled; disabled Daylight saving time for SNTP
Enable event enabled; disabled
121. If external synchronisation is used, this parameter is set automatically.

122. A range of -11 h - +12 h would cover the whole Earth but because the International Date Line does not follow the 180° meridian, a wider
range is needed.
123. Decimal numbers are used, e.g. the time zone of 5:45 is expressed as 5.75.
P5/EN M/44B 479

Protection Relay Monitoring functions
Monitoring functions
Trip circuit supervision (ANSI 74)
Description
Trip circuit supervision monitors the wiring from the protective device to the circuit
breaker trip coil. This function monitors the availability of the circuit when it is
requested to trip and reports an issue if needed.
By default, this user-configurable supervision function uses the Easergy P5
programmable logic to monitor the circuit continuity, loss of auxiliary supply
voltage or mismatching of the CB position indication contacts. Depending on user
settings, the function inhibits closing of the circuit breaker.
Trip circuit supervision scheme

The trip circuit supervision scheme using two digital inputs 52a and 52b can be
implemented as illustrated in the following wiring diagram. No external resistors
are needed for this scheme to function.
Figure 287 - Trip circuit supervision scheme
wire 1
Trip
relay(s) CB open DI1 CB closed DI2 Easergy P5
wire 2a
wire 2b
Circuit breaker
Trip
coil
wire 3
P533RJB
In the normal condition, when the trip circuit is OK, the status of inputs is opposite
(0,1) or (1,0). When the trip circuit is not OK (coil, wires, auxiliary contact state or
auxiliary voltage failure), both logic inputs are in the same state and an alarm is
issued after a delay. This delay is needed to help prevent false signaling during
breaker opening events. The timing is set based on breaker operating time and
trip pulse length.
The following table summarises the TCS alarm output depending on the CB and
its auxiliary contact positions as well as possible wiring failure conditions.
CB position Conditions CB open DI1 CB closed DI2 TCS alarm
Closed Trip circuit OK Closed Open False
Wire 1 failure124 Open Open True
Wire 2a failure124 Open Open True
Wire 3 or trip coil failure124 Open Open True
124. "failure" indicates that one or more of the components are permanently open circuit or short circuit.
480 P5/EN M/44B

Monitoring functions Protection Relay
CB position Conditions CB open DI1 CB closed DI2 TCS alarm
Open Trip circuit OK Open Closed False
Wire 1 failure125 Open Open True
Wire 2b failure125 Open Open True
Wire 3 or trip coil failure125 Open Open True
Figure 288 - Block diagram of trip circuit supervision (ANSI 74)
CB open DI 1 =1
0 T
TCS alarm
CB closed DI 2 T=2s
P533RKB
Figure 289 - TCS with two digital inputs when the CB is in closed position
Digital inputs
TCS alarm
=1
2s
52b 52a
P533RLB
125. "failure" indicates that one or more of the components are permanently open circuit or short circuit.
P5/EN M/44B 481

Figure 290 - TCS two digital inputs when the CB is in open position
Digital inputs
TCS alarm
=1
2s
52b 52a
P533RMB
The figure below shows the default logic configuration of TCS in Easergy P5. In
this example the TCS is latched when an error condition is encountered and reset
using a virtual input.
Figure 291 - An example of logic configuration for TCS
Figure 292 - An example of output matrix configuration for TCS

DO1(B)
DO2(B)
DO3(B)
TCS alarm
P533RQB
482 P5/EN M/44B

Circuit breaker monitoring

Description
Periodic maintenance of circuit breakers is necessary to help ensure that the trip
circuit and mechanism operate correctly and that the interrupting capability has
not been compromised due to previous fault interruptions. The Easergy P5
protection relay records various statistics related to each circuit breaker operation,
allowing an accurate assessment of the circuit breaker condition. Statistics are
recorded to allow evaluation of both the electrical wear of the breaker contacts
and the mechanical wear of the breaker mechanism.
Electrical wear
Breaker curve
The permitted CB operation number is defined by a CB permissible operation
curve (CB wear curve). This curve is usually available in the documentation of the
CB manufacturer. The curve specifies the permissible number of operations for
every level of broken current.
Figure 293 - An example of circuit breaker permissible operation curve

100000
Number of permitted operations
10000
1000
100
50
20
10
100 200 500 1000 10000 100000
Broken current (A) P533JEA
As shown in the figure below, in the Easergy P5 protection relay, this curve is
parameterised in the CB monitoring function with a maximum of eight points in the
form of [CurveIx, CurveNx]. If less than eight points are needed, the unused points
are set to [IBIG, 1], where IBIG is more than the maximum breaking capacity.
Table 155 - Values of the above circuit breaker wear characteristic graph
Point Interrupted current (kA) Number of permitted operations
1 0 (mechanical age) 10,000
2 1.25 (rated current) 10,000
3 31.0 (maximum breaking current) 80
4-8 100 1
The values are taken from the figure above. The table (circuit breaker curve) is
edited with eSetup Easergy Pro or Web HMI in the CB Monitoring view of the
protection menu.
Two alarms on “Operations left” limit
The CB monitoring function is designed with two alarms, each with two
parameters:
P5/EN M/44B 483

• Alarm current level

This parameter can be set to the CB's nominal current or any typical
application current for the first alarm, and to a typical fault current for the
second alarm.
• Operations left limit
This parameter determines when an alarm is activated. When the “operations
left” at the given current level drops below this limit, the alarm is started.
The permitted operations at these two alarm levels can be calculated
automatically according to the breaker curve and logarithmic interpolation (see
next section). Any actual interrupted current is logarithmically weighted for the two
given alarm current levels and the number of operations left at the alarm points is
decreased accordingly. Easergy P5 protection relay shows the allowed
“operations left” in the PROTECTION menu/CB Monitoring sub-menu, based on
the breaker curve, logarithmic interpolation and actual interrupted current.
Logarithmic interpolation
The permitted number of operations for the currents between the defined points is
logarithmically interpolated using this equation:
a
C= n
I P533JFA
where
C = permitted operations
I = broken current
a, n = constant according to the following two equations, where ln represents the
natural logarithm function, Ck/Ck+1 is the permitted number of operations defined
by CurveN, Curve(N+1) in the breaker curve table, and Ik/Ik+1 is the corresponding
broken current defined by CurveIk, CurveI(k+1) in the breaker curve table.
a = Ck I k
n
P533JJA
Ck
ln
C k +1
n=
I
ln k +1
Ik P533JGA
Each time a trip signal is detected, the corresponding permitted operations shall
be calculated based on the broken current Ibrk:
a
Cbrk = n
Ibrk P533JHA
The corresponding decreased number of operations of the alarm level is

calculated as:
Calarm
∆=
Cbrk P533JIA
Example of logarithmic interpolation

According to the equations above and the breaker operation curve points
definition taken from An example of circuit breaker permissible operation curve,
page 483:
• 10000 operations at 1.25 kA
• 80 operations at 31 kA
if the alarm 2 current setting is 6 kA, then the permitted number of operations can
be calculated as follows:
484 P5/EN M/44B

ln 10000
80
n= = 1.5038
ln 31000
1250 P533JKA
a = 10000 1250 1.5038 = 454 10 6 P533JLA
6
a 454 10
Calarm2 = n
= 1.5038
= 945
Ibrk 6000 P533JMA
Thus, the maximum number of current-breaking operations at 6 kA is 945. A

useful alarm level for “Operations left” could be in this case for example 50, which
is about five percent of the maximum.
If the interrupted three phase currents are IA = 12.5 kA, IB = 12.5 kA and IC = 1.5
kA, the corresponding decreased number of operations of phases A, B for alarm 2
are calculated as:
6
a 454 10
Cbrk1,2 = n
= 1.5038 = 313
Ibrk 12500 P533JNA
Calarm
∆1,2 = = 945 = 3
Cbrk 313 P533JOA
In phase C, the current is less than the alarm limit current 6 kA. For such currents,
the decrement is one (just mechanical wear).
Five ranges of cumulative current
Each time the CB opens, the broken current is added to the corresponding total
cumulative broken current, phase by phase. The cumulative broken current is
given in (kA)2.
In addition to the total cumulative broken current, there are five cumulative broken
current ranges to assess the breaking device pole condition. Each range’s high
limit value is configurable and the low limit value equals to the high limit of its
previous range. Each range has three different counters, one for each phase, to
record how many times the broken current falls into the range. The cumulative
broken current record is configured in the PROTECTION menu/CB Monitoring
sub-menu.
The cumulative broken current is also computed by phase. When the Easergy P5
protection relay is in test mode or the CB has been withdrawn, the cumulative
broken current is not updated.
An alarm signal will be generated when the cumulative broken current of any
phase exceeds the "broken I alarm setting".
Mechanical wear
CB Open counter, Protection Trip counter and Rack out counter
The “CB Open” counter is to record the number of CB close to open operation. It is
incremented even if the Easergy P5 protection relay is in test mode.
The “Protection Trip” counter is to record CB open times issued from Global trip.
This counter can also be set to a custom value but it does not increment during
test mode.
If, for whatever reason the circuit breaker does not open successfully after the
pulse setting time out (configured in object), the trip counters are not incremented.
P5/EN M/44B 485

The “Rack out” counter is to record the number of racking in/out operations of the
CB truck. It is incremented in both, normal and test mode.
Open time, close time and charging time
If two different digital signals are used to indicate the 52a (open) and 52b (close)
status of the CB position, the open time is measured from the moment when the
“52b” status becomes false to the moment when the “52a” status becomes true;
the close time is measured from the moment when the “52a” status becomes false
to the moment when the “52b” status becomes true, as shown in Figure below.
Figure 294 - Open and close time determination
52b
A B
52a
P533JPB
A Open time B Close time
However, if the CB position is only configured as 52a or 52b, the open time and
close time will be recorded as 0 each time when its related status changes.
The charging time is computed from the moment when the CB position changes to
close to the moment when the spring status changes to ready. The spring status is
configured through "DI for object ready" setting in Objects.
Open/close times and charging times are recorded for 8 latest operations in the
Easergy P5, each with a timestamp. If the time recorded exceeds the range, the
time will be tagged as a "dummy" value (65535) which allows the customer to
easily detect something is wrong with the CB.
Table 156 - Range of CB monitoring recording data
Recording data Range
Opening or closing time 0...300 ms
Charging time 0...1 min
Number of mechanical operations 0...65535
Rack-in rack-out operations 0...65535
These CB open times, close times and charging times are also recorded when the
Easergy P5 is in test mode.
Parameters of the CB monitoring function

Table 157 - Parameters of the CB monitoring function
Parameter Value Unit Description Note
CB monitoring status
Operation number left for

Al1A - Alarm 1, phase A
Al1B - Alarm 1, phase B
Al1C - Alarm 1, phase C
Al2A - Alarm 2, phase A
Al2B - Alarm 2, phase B
Al2C - Alarm 2, phase C
486 P5/EN M/44B

Table 157 - Parameters of the CB monitoring function (Continued)
Parameter Value Unit Description Note
Latest broken current

hh:mm:ss:ms / Date Time stamp of the latest trip
operation
Phase current IA A Broken current of phase A

Phase current IB A Broken current of phase B
Phase current IC A Broken current of phase C
Cumul. broken current (kA)2

IA/CmltvIA
IB/CmltvIB
IC/CmltvIC
Alarm
Alarm 1
Current level 0.00...100.00 kA Alarm1 current level Editable
Operation limit 100,000...1 Alarm1 limit for operations left Editable
Alarm 2
Current level 0.00...100.00 kA Alarm2 current level Editable
Operation limit 100,000...1 Alarm2 limit for operations left Editable
Circuit breaker curve setting
Current points (CurveIx, 0.00...100.00 kA 8 current points of the CB wear Editable

x = 1, 2, … 8) characteristic
Limit for operation left 0...100,000 8 permitted operation numbers Editable

(CurveNx, x = 1, 2, … 8) according to CurveIx
Cumulative broken current setting
High limit 0.0...100.0 kA High limit setting for each range Editable
Broken I alarm setting 0...65,535 Cumulative broken current alarm Editable

threshold
Event setting
'Op. limit alarm 1 On' On ; Off Enable/disable the 'Alarm1 on' Editable
event event
'Op. limit alarm 1 Off' On ; Off Enable/disable the 'Alarm1 off' Editable
event event
'Op. limit alarm 2 On' On ; Off Enable/disable the 'Alarm2 on' Editable
event event
'Op. limit alarm 2 Off' On ; Off Enable/disable the 'Alarm2 off' Editable
event event
‘Broken I Alarm on’ On ; Off Enable/disable the ‘Broken I Editable
event Alarm on’ event
‘Broken I Alarm off’ On ; Off Enable/disable the ‘Broken I Editable
event Alarm off’ event
Parameter Accuracy
Characteristic of recorded data

Opening or closing time ±5 ms
Charging time ±1 s
Number of mechanical operations 1
Cumulative squared broken current ±10%
Rack-in rack-out operations 1
P5/EN M/44B 487

Current transformer supervision (ANSI 60)

Description
The Current Transformer Supervision (CTS) feature is used to detect failure of
one or more phase current inputs to the protection relay. Failure of a phase CT or
an open circuit of the interconnecting wiring can result in:
• Incorrect operation of current protection functions
• Risks of unexpected CT secondary voltages generated
Three operation modes can be selected:
• 3I only
If the magnitude of one phase current is below 1% Inom, while the magnitude
of the other two phases current within 0.05 - 1.2 Inom and the angle between
them is 110° - 130°, the function issues a fast alarm after 20 ms and a
delayed alarm after the operation delay has elapsed.
When the minimum value of magnitude of the three phase currents exceeds
0.1 Inom or CTS reset input is activated, the alarm will be reset.
• IN & VN
If neutral current exceeds the pick-up value and the neutral voltage is less
than the pick-up value, the function issues a fast alarm immediately and a
delayed alarm after the operation delay has elapsed.
The alarm will be reset when IN drops below 95% of the neutral current pick-
up value or VN is higher than 103% of the neutral voltage pick-up value or
CTS reset input is activated.
• Both
CT failure is detected if one of the above modes is fulfilled.
CTS provides 2 signals: Fast Alarm and Latched Alarm after settable operate
delay.
Both CTS signals are provided with a fix reset time of 100 ms.
The function is inactive if only 2 phase current sensors are connected (2 CT
mode). It is recommended for the user to decrease the maintenance interval for
the current sensors in this mode.
In addition to supervising the phase current inputs, the CT supervision function
(CTS) also provides supervision of the physical connection of LPCT. If the physical
connection of any LPCT is lost, an “LPCT connection loss” alarm will be issued.
Please note in this case all the three phase current measurements are lost.
488 P5/EN M/44B

Block diagram
Figure 295 - Block diagram of the current transformer supervision function
LPCTlost
IA < 1% Inom &
IB > 5% Inom
Loss of phase A
< 1.2 Inom 20ms 0 ≥1
IC > 5% Inom
Loss of phase B
S
< 1.2 Inom
Loss of phase C
IB Angle
110° - 130°
IC
≥1
Min ≥1 ≥1 T 100ms
> 0.1 Inom Fast Alarm
R
&
Register event
Reset DI input T 100ms Alarm
& &
Register event
IN >
VN <
Enable events
IN> VN< Operating mode Operate delay
P533R6B
Characteristics
Table 158 - Settings and characteristics of the current transformer
supervision function (ANSI 60)
(description/label)
Neutral current IN> / IN>

Accuracy ±3%
Neutral voltage VN< / VN<
Accuracy ±3%
Operate delay / Operate delay
Resolution 0.01 s
Accuracy ±1% or ±30 ms at IN and VN
CTS operating mode
Options 3I only; IN&VN; Both
CTS reset input
126. Inom
127. √3 x Vnom
P5/EN M/44B 489

Table 158 - Settings and characteristics of the current transformer

supervision function (ANSI 60) (Continued)
(description/label)
Options Selection of one digital input (DIx)
Delayed CTS on event
Options Enable; Disable
Delayed CTS off event
Fast CTS on event

Fast CTS off event

Table 159 - Measured values of CT
Max. of IA IB IC A Maximum value of phase currents
Min. of IA IB IC A Minimum value of phase currents
IN.calc A IN calculated value

Measured VN V Measured neutral voltage
Calculated VN V Calculated neutral voltage
490 P5/EN M/44B

Voltage transformer supervision (ANSI 60)

Description
The Easergy P5 protection relay supervises the voltage transformers (VTs) wiring
between the connector A terminals and the sensors. If there is a fuse in the
voltage transformer circuitry, the blown fuse helps prevent or distorts the voltage
measurement. Therefore, an alarm should be issued. Furthermore, in some
applications, protection functions using voltage signals should be blocked to avoid
false tripping such as:
• Earth/ground fault overvoltage and directional earth/ground fault overcurrent
using calculated neutral voltage
• Phase undervoltage or negative sequence overvoltage
• Directional overcurrent
• Power
The Voltage Transformer Supervision (VTS) function detects the loss of one or
several phase voltage inputs using various well known methods:
• The detection of the presence of negative sequence voltage and the absence
of negative sequence current. The negative sequence voltage V2 and the
negative sequence current I2 are calculated. If V2 exceeds the V2> setting
and at the same time, I2 is less than the I2< setting, the function issues an
alarm after the operation delay has elapsed. This criterion is meaningful only
when a reasonable minimum current is flowing, i.e. if the maximum phase
current is greater than the minimum current setting I>(min).
• This function detects the loss of all three voltages under load conditions when
current inputs are available. If three phase voltages are dropped to a value
below 30% pu (1 pu = √3 x Vprim.nom), at the same time the maximum phase
current is below the maximum load current and above the minimum load
current, VTS fast block signal will be activated. Minimum load current is
ground charging capacitive current, which should be above line current
without load.
• Digital input (DI) for indicating miniature circuit breaker (MCB open) position
• The VT supervision function (VTS) also provides supervision of the physical
connections of the three phase LPVTs. If the physical connection of any
phase LPVT is lost, an internal “LPVT loss” signal will be accepted to
immediately trigger the VTS function.
If according to above conditions a loss of voltage is detected, immediately a
"VTS fast block" signal is issued, intended for instantaneous blocking of
voltage dependent functions to help prevent maloperation. A further "VTS
alarm" signal will be issued after a settable time delay to help prevent
unnecessary alarming upon spurious VTS operation.
• In case that the “Enable VN compare” is set to On, “Delta_VN>” is used to
compare the magnitude difference between two neutral voltages.
VT supervision will reset when all the following conditions are satisfied:
• Negative sequence voltage V2 is less than V2> setting.
• Maximum phase to phase voltage is greater than 30% pu (1 pu = √3 x Vprim.
nom).
• MCB input resets.
• LPVT loss input resets.
When the VT failure condition is not satisfied for 10 s, the “VTS alarm” will be
reset.
In addition, the VTS function can be blocked by inhibit control function.
NOTE: For Easergy P5V20's VTS function, only MCB input is available.
P5/EN M/44B 491

Block diagram
Figure 296 - Block diagram of the voltage transformer supervision function
Inhibit Ctrl
MCB open ≥1
LPVT loss
V2 >
&
I2 <
≥1 &
IA Max(I) S
IB >
IC
&
< Q VTS fast block
VAB Max(V)
VBC < 0.3 pu &
Register event
VCA
& R
VTS alarm
VN.calc +
∑ >
&
VN.meas - &
Register event
Enable VN compare
Enable events
V2> I2< I> (min) Delta_VN> Reset time
I< (max) t> P533OPB
Characteristics
Table 160 - Settings and characteristics of the voltage transformer
supervision function (ANSI 60)
(description/label)
Enable VTS
Options Off/On
V2> setting/V2>
Resolution 0.1
Accuracy ±2% or ± 0.2 V (secondary), whichever is bigger
I2< setting/I2<
Resolution 0.01
Accuracy ±2% or 0.02 pu129, whichever is bigger
Resolution 0.02 s
Accuracy ±1% or ±10 ms, whichever is bigger
DI for MCB position/MCB
Options Selection of one digital input (DI)
Inhibit ctrl/InhCtrl
128. √3 x Vnom
129. Inom
492 P5/EN M/44B

Table 160 - Settings and characteristics of the voltage transformer

supervision function (ANSI 60) (Continued)
(description/label)
Options Selection of one input (DI; VI)
I>(min) setting/I>(min)
Accuracy ±1% or 0.02 pu130
I<(max) setting/I<(max)
Accuracy ±1% or 0.02 pu130, whichever is bigger
V<
Value 30% pu131, fixed
Enable VN compare
Options Off/On
Delta_VN>
Reset time (fixed)
Value 10 s
Accuracy 30 ms
Reset time < 30 ms
Number 1
130. Inom
131. √3 x Vnom
P5/EN M/44B 493

Easergy P5 and bay condition monitoring

In order to provide a basic indication about the IED and bay condition, a user
scalable signaling “Protection active” is provided with Easergy P5.
The prerequisite for this feature is that the Easergy P5 must be in the normal
operational state (not blocked by any defect, detected by internal self-monitoring).
The configuration can be found in the Control menu/Good condition sub-menu.
Table 161 - Settings and characteristics of the good condition function
Settings/characteristics Description
Global trip A trip issued by the protection function (except

arc detection)
Any output latched Any latched trip which still needs to be reset by
the user
Auto reclosing in progress A definite trip or ends up with an unsuccessful
reclosing
Motor start inhibition Motor start inhibition is present due to excessive

number of motor starts (if this feature is
enabled).
The user can select one or more of the above settings as the conditions to trigger
the signaling “Protection active”. When any signal from the selected setting(s) is
presented, the status of the signaling “Protection active” changes to “Protection
active”, otherwise the status is in idle state.
The signaling can be used:
• For local indication via LED, for example: to increase the awareness of the
Easergy P5 and bay condition prior to any local operation
• For local or remote indication via outputs
• As the blocking condition in object control, for example: to help prevent
dangerous bay open/close commands while the status changes to “Protection
active”
• For remote information by logging related event(s)
494 P5/EN M/44B

Maintenance Protection Relay
Maintenance
The Easergy P5 protection relays together with their extension units,
communication accessories, arc-flash detection sensors and cabling, require
maintenance in work according to their specification. Keep a record of the
maintenance actions. The maintenance can include, but is not limited to, the
following actions.
Safety instructions
This page contains important safety instructions that must be followed precisely
before attempting to install, repair, service or maintain electrical equipment.
Carefully read and follow the safety instructions described below.
DANGER
• Turn off all power supplying this equipment before working on or inside it.
Consider all sources of power, including the possibility of backfeeding.
• Always use a properly rated voltage sensing device to confirm that all power
is off.
• Do not power a withdrawn mobile part of the Easergy P5 protection relay
with voltage > 24 V. Put back the withdrawable part in the fixed part before
powering it on.
DANGER
FIRE HAZARD
If you are authorised to withdraw the relay:
• Disconnect the power supply before removing or replacing a module or the
withdrawable part of the protection relay.
• Never touch electronics parts (risk of damage due to electrostatic
discharge).
• Before replacing the withdrawable part, clean all debris and contaminants
from the case, the withdrawable part, and the connectors.
• In case of module or withdrawable part replacement, perform the
commissioning operations before using the protection relay.
• Apply proper tightening torque to all wire connections.
CAUTION
RISK OF SETTING CHANGES ERASED
Never plug in or draw out the communication modules while the Easergy P5
protection relay is in service.
damage.
P5/EN M/44B 495

Protection Relay Maintenance
Self-monitoring
Watchdog relay
The Easergy P5 protection relays are equipped as standard with a watchdog relay
(digital output 4 in slot B). This is a changeover relay which is kept permanently in
the on-position by the Easergy P5 protection relay. In the event of protection relay
failure, or if the auxiliary power supply fails, the watchdog relay reverts to the off-
position.
Maintenance/Test LED
The Easergy P5 protection relay has gone into the fall-back position following
detection by the embedded self-tests of the failure of one of its internal
components. In this case, the Easergy P5 protection relay is no longer
operational. This LED may light up when the protection relay is energised
during all the start phase of the Easergy P5 protection relay (for about 60
seconds). This is normal and does not indicate any internal failure. When the start
phase of the protection relay is completed, the LED is off if no internal failure is
detected.
Purpose of the self-tests

The Easergy P5 protection relay runs a series of self-diagnostic tests for hardware
and software in boot sequence and also performs runtime check. These self-tests
detect any failure and can avoid random Easergy P5 protection relay behaviour.
The main aim is to avoid an unwanted tripping or failure to trip in the event that it
occurs on the power system or on the equipment to protect.
The Easergy P5 protection relay can detect two types of internal failure:
• A major failure when the protection functions cannot be processed properly or
can initiate an unwanted trip. In this case, The Easergy P5 protection relay
goes into the fall-back position:
◦ The output relays are in the off-position
◦ Watchdog relay (DO4 contact output on slot B) goes into the off-position
◦ The LED, LED, and the configurable LEDs are off
◦ The LED, on the local panel, is on
◦ The LED on the local panel is on

◦ A message is displayed on the local panel: it allows Schneider Electric to
make a diagnosis.
◦ The communication is inoperative
◦ The communication with eSetup Easergy Pro is inactive depending on the
type of internal failure
496 P5/EN M/44B

• A minor defect, is a malfunction of components (hardware or firmware) which

is not used directly by protection functions (i.e. memory, used for logging
emergency events, communication channels, etc.). It shall not result in loss of
Easergy P5 protection relay operability.
◦ The output relays stay in their current status
◦ Watchdog relay relay (DO4 contact output on slot B) stays energised
◦ The LED, LED, and configurable LEDs stay in their current position
◦ The LED, on the local panel, is on
◦ The LED on the local panel is off

◦ An alarm message is displayed on the local panel to highlight the origin of
the issue.
Press the key to remove the message (the alarm message is logged in
the Alarm message list).
◦ The communication is still operational depending on the type of the
internal failure
◦ The communication with eSetup Easergy Pro, on the local panel is active
depending on the type of internal failure
List of self-tests
The self-tests are described in the table below.
Table 162 - List of self-tests
Name Execution Period

Hardware configuration versus the product model number
Power supply
Internal drivers (FPGA)
EEPROM boards
NOR Flash memory
NAND flash memory
DDRAM memory
On energisation and during
Back up memory
operation
Internal bus
Display and graphic libraries
RTD presence (MET148-2)
Micro processor
Firmware (system and application) and setting consistency
Digital inputs
Digital outputs
P5/EN M/44B 497

Backup memory
The Easergy P5 protection relay has an optional feature of a removable back up
memory. This feature provides a mechanism for storing the product settings and
other related information separately to the removable part of Easergy P5.
The memory allows quick, restoration of settings should there be a need to
exchange the withdrawable part. As a result, the mobile part can be replaced and
back in service in a matter of minutes.
The optional back up memory is included in the extension module that can be
installed in Slot P. This extension module also includes connectivity to support
IRIG-B and thermal sensors.
Figure 297 - The optional extension module (slot P) that includes the back-
up memory
The backup memory stores the following information:

• Settings
• Event and alarm history
• Disturbance recordings
• Product serial number
• Product Cortec
• Persistent data included Thermal value, Running Hours, Accumulated energy
etc.
• Language file
NOTE: The Easergy P5 access information such as passwords and users are
not stored in the backup.
Two versions of the information are held in the backup memory together with a
verification CRC.
This allows one of the copies to be written and verified before erasing the second
thus keeping the integrity of the data stored even if there are any power
interruptions during the write process.
NOTE: There is always one valid backup version with CRC check in the
backup memory even when new backup is in progress.
Automatic storage
The Easergy P5 automatically stores all settings, events and disturbance
recordings at 2AM local time every day.
As indicated above the secured process means that the memory can not be
corrupted as the save is verified before previous data is overwritten.
NOTE: Due to this unique feature the important data and settings are always
secured locally and not based on any remote storage on a control system.
498 P5/EN M/44B

Manual storage of settings

In addition to the daily automatic storage, the settings can be stored to the
memory at any time by choosing the command from the local panel HMI.
To save the settings manually:
1. Press the key to enter the main menu and then select the Device/Test
icon using the arrow keys.
2. Press the key to enter the Device/Test sub menu.
3. Select the Back-up option using the key and press .
4. Press , select Man. Trig and then press .
Backup Memory 1/2
Trigger backup memory
Status Idle
Man. Trig -
5. Press the key to select On.

6. The status shows Busy; when the storage is complete the status goes back
to Idle.
Replacement of the withdrawable part

Should there be a need to replace the withdrawable part, the back-up memory
provides a simple and quick mechanism to bring the protection relay back into
service.
Power the unit down and extract the moving part using the green handle. If the
removable part is secured with screws please follow the installation instructions
(Unscrewing the front face locking screws, page 46) to remove the screws. Press
the lock on the handle upwards and pull the handle. Insert the new unit with a
matching order code and push the handle back to its original position and install
back the screws.
After re-powering the module, the following “New backup content found”
notification appears.
New backup content found.

2020-07-17 14:22:36
VOL.300.103
P5F30-EACB-IBBEH-AABC
Compatible
Ignore Restore
Choose what happens with the back up memory.
Press the key to keep the information in the back up memory or the button
to discard and help prevent the pop up occurring again.
NOTE: This action does not restore the settings. Follow the ‘Restore from
Backup memory’ process described below.
Restore from backup memory

The settings can be restored from the backup memory at any time by choosing the
command from the front HMI.
To restore the settings manually:
P5/EN M/44B 499

1. Press the key to access the main menu and then select Device/Test by
using the arrow keys.
2. Press the key to enter the Device/Test sub menu.
3. Press the key to select the Back-up option and then press .
4. Press the key to enter the second setting page Restore Memory and
then press .
5. Press the key to select the Trig restore memory parameter and then
press .
6. Press the key to select On.
The Easergy P5 shows the following notification window:
CAUTION
All the settings, events,
records will be replaced
by backup. Don’t apply an
unverified backup against
unpredictable risks.
Recheck relay after restore.
Restore Cancel
7. Press the key to accept restore.

• If the stored file is incompatible with the hardware, “No valid restore
point” notification is displayed.
Restore memory 2/2

No valid restore point
Press Home to cancel
• If the file is compatible and Easergy P5 is connected to eSetup Easergy

Pro, the device requires a manual restart when the screen indicates
“RESTART”.
BAY
RESTART
• If the file is compatible and there is no connection, Easergy P5 reboots

automatically.
8. Following the reboot, the file in the back up memory is verified before
restoring the settings. Press to accept restore.
9. In the next step the files are copied and verified.
10. When the files are restored successfully, press .
11. The Easergy P5 protection relay reboots and the restore is completed.
12. After reboot the “New backup content found” notification might pop-up again,
press the key to help prevent repetition of restore.
Restore process confirmation

The restore process can be confirmed from the local panel HMI.
500 P5/EN M/44B

1. Select the second screen in the Back-up sub menu by pressing the key.
The screen does not display any information while restoring is in progress.
2. When restoring is completed, the device information appears on the screen.
The Compliance check parameter shows status “Checking” for a short while
and changes to “True” after a successful restoring process.
Restore memory 2/2
Update -
Firmware -
Ref. -
Compliance check -
Manual restore -
Restory memory 2/2

Update 2020-06-02 15:07:24
Firmware V01.300.101
Ref. P5U20-AABB-CABAH-AABB
Compliance check True
Manual restore -
P5/EN M/44B 501

Preventive maintenance
The Easergy P5 protection relay requires maintenance in order for it to work
according to the specification.
WARNING
UNEXPECTED SYSTEM OPERATION
Carry out periodic system testing as per the testing recommendation in this
manual or if the protection system scheme has been changed.
equipment damage.
Introduction
To obtain the maximum availability of the installation, it is essential to help ensure
that the Easergy P5 protection relay is operational at any times.
The Easergy P5 protection relay's internal self-tests, the watchdog relay, and the
LED alert the user in the event of internal protection relay failure.
Nevertheless, elements outside the Easergy P5 protection relay are not subject to
these self-tests and it is therefore necessary to carry out regular preventive
maintenance.
Check the Easergy P5 protection relay visually and pay attention to dirty
components, loose wire connections, damaged wiring, user interface screen and
LEDs, and other mechanical connections.
Then, to perform maintenance, carry out all the recommended commissioning
tests.
First test all the digital inputs and outputs involved in tripping the circuit breaker. A
test of the complete chain including the circuit breaker is also recommended.
The software setting tool, eSetup Easergy Pro, is especially useful during
maintenance tests and procedures.
502 P5/EN M/44B

DANGER
CSAZ462.
power is off.
device.
Intervention frequency
Test the Easergy P5 protection relay periodically according to the end user's
safety instructions and national safety instructions or law.
The necessary time between visual inspections and functional checks depends on
the installation operating conditions. Generally, we recommend to carry out
periodic checks or tests every four (4) years. In corrosive or harsh offshore
environments, functional testing should be carried out more often; we recommend
every three (3) years.
For the testing procedures, see Commissioning, page 133.
The table below summarises the recommended frequency of interventions.
Test Periodicity
User interface check 1 year
Relay health check 4 years
Date and time synchronisation check 4 years
Wiring and connections check 4 years
Analogue inputs operation check 4 years
P5/EN M/44B 503

Test Periodicity
Digital inputs wiring and operation check 4 years
Digital outputs wiring and operation check 4 years
Arc-flash detection system check 3 years
Preventive maintenance tasks

User interface test
The LED and display unit test is used to check that each LED on the local panel
and in each segment of the display is working correctly.
To perform the test, press and hold down the menu selection key. After 2 seconds,
all LEDs on the local panel and all segments of the display light up.
Protection relay health check
CAUTION
RISK OF DEVICE MIS-OPERATION AND PROTECTION INTERRUPTION
To avoid irregularity during service of the Easergy P5 protection relay, the health
condition must be checked on a timely basis according to the site maintenance
plan.
damage.
The health check includes the following tasks:

• Check that the different currents and voltages measured by the Easergy P5
protection relay are appropriate for the load being powered.
• Check that the Easergy P5 protection relay LED is off and no

maintenance message displayed on the local panel.
• Check the health of boards and modules with eSetup Easergy Pro (Device
info view of the Device/Test menu)
Date and time synchronisation check

Check date and time synchronisation (modify date and time setting and wait for
date and time synchronisation).
Inspection of the rear panel

Check that the connections, including the earth/ground terminal and the CT
connections, are tight and free from corrosion.
If the CT connections are not tightened properly, this generates excessive heat
rise which can lead to the destruction of connector A and the CTs.
504 P5/EN M/44B

Wiring and connection check
DANGER
• Turn off all power supply to the equipment before working.
• Protect the rear connector A with the two protective caps.
Check the wiring connections in the rear panel: for the type of screws, screwdriver
to be used, and torque (see Installation, page 33).
In addition to the periodic wiring and connections check, a thermal measurement
with thermal camera is recommended to make visible any warm points of the
installation so that loose connections could be detected and corrected before a
real issue occurs.
Check the earth/ground connections (two ends).
Place back the two protective caps (connector A) before powering on the Easergy
P5 protection relay.
Analogue input operation check

Check current transformers (CTs/LPCTs), voltage transformers (VTs/LPVTs),
earth/ground fault current CTs, and, if used, core balanced CTs connection:
• Cable(s) (and group of cables) in the middle of the CT.
• Voltage cable shielding.
• Check that measured analogue values and angles are compliant on the local
panel.
Digital input wiring and operation check

Check digital inputs statuses (in Control menu on the local panel and in the Digital
Inputs view of the Control menu in eSetup Easergy Pro). Check that physical
inputs states are correct, according to normal input configuration and wirings.
Digital output wiring and operation check

Check the digital outputs operation:
• If accessible, check physical digital outputs position (continuity tester).
• Check digital outputs statuses (in the Control menu on the local panel display
and in the Relays view of the Device/Test menu in eSetup Easergy Pro).
Checking the trip chain

Check regularly that the complete trip chain, from the CTs to the Easergy P5
protection relay and through to the trip coil, is always operational.
The complete protection chain is validated during the simulation of a fault that
causes tripping of the switchgear by the Easergy P5 protection relay.
Simply testing one function can demonstrate that the whole system is working
correctly, provided it has been installed correctly.
To validate the complete protection chain, proceed as follows:
1. Select one of the protection functions that trips the switchgear.
P5/EN M/44B 505

2. Depending on the function(s) selected, inject a current or a voltage

corresponding to a fault and note whether the switchgear trips.
Arc-flash detection system maintenance
DANGER
HAZARD OF UNEXPECTED SYSTEM OPERATION
• If the arc-flash detection unit is no longer supplied with power or is in
permanent non-operational state, the protection functions are no longer
active and all the output contacts are dropped out.
• To detect a power-off or a permanent fault state, connect the watchdog (SF)
output contact to a monitoring device such as SCADA or DCS.
Keep record of the maintenance actions performed for the system.

The maintenance can include but is not limited to:
• visual inspection
• periodic testing
• hardware cleaning
• sensor condition and positioning check
• checking the obstruction of sensors
Hardware cleaning
Pay special attention to help ensure that the device, its extension units and
sensors do not become dirty.
DANGER
HAZARD OF UNEXPECTED SYSTEM OPERATION
• Do not use any type of solvents or gasoline to clean the device, sensors or
cables.
• When cleaning the sensor, make sure that the cleaning solution does not
contact anything other than the sensor.
• If cleaning is required, wipe out dirt from the device.

• Use a dry cleaning cloth or equivalent together with mild soapy water to clean
any residues from the light sensor.
Sensor condition and positioning check

Always check that the sensor positioning remains as it was originally designed
after:
• commissioning
• sensor replacement
• modification procedure
• cleaning
• arc-flash fault
• periodic testing
506 P5/EN M/44B

Check for obstruction of the sensors.
P5/EN M/44B 507

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting assistance
The Easergy P5 is a withdrawable protection relay. The faulty protection relay can
be removed from its outer case without disconnecting the wires from the terminals.
This allows to quickly replace a protection relay, provided that the spare part is
available.
The replacement of a protection relay is done with the following steps:
1. Perform a diagnostic check on the protection relay:
• The status of the watchdog relay (DO4 contact relay on slot B)
• The status of the " " and " " LEDs as well as the configurable LEDs
• The LED and the " " LED on the local panel
• The messages displayed on the local panel
• The alarm list and maintenance file downloaded with eSetup Easergy
Pro
2. Check the compatibility of the spare part: the labels on the fixed and the
withdrawable parts are the same.
3. Recover the configuration from the backup memory (optional) and restart of
the new protection relay, following the instructions displayed on the local
panel.
The Easergy P5 is a modular protection relay. The modules that can be replaced
individually are:
• The communication modules
• The extension modules with back-up memory
Identification of the modules can be accessed:
• From the local panel of the Easergy P5 protection relay ( in the Device/Test
menu)
• From eSetup Easergy Pro (Boards view of the Device/test menu)
• From the web server and the EcoStruxure Power Device application
Troubleshooting the Easergy P5

If nothing happens when the Easergy P5 protection relay is switched on,
troubleshoot the device according to Troubleshooting a protection relay that
shows no signs of energising, page 508 below:
Table 163 - Troubleshooting a protection relay that shows no signs of

energising
LED Indication Possible Causes Actions

All LEDs are off. Connector B not plugged in. Plug in the connector B.
Nothing displayed on the
screen. Connector B inverted with Put connectors in the correct
another connector: position.
Check the connector is
• Connector C for Easergy
identified according to the slot.
P5 x20
• Connector C, D, E for
Easergy P5 x30
Auxiliary power absent Check the auxiliary power level

(see label on the side of the
device)
Polarity reversed on terminals Check that the + polarity is on

terminal 19 and the - polarity is
on terminal 20 for DC power.
508 P5/EN M/44B

Table 163 - Troubleshooting a protection relay that shows no signs of

energising (Continued)
Internal failure Change the active part.
If a maintenance message is displayed, troubleshoot the device according to

Troubleshooting a protection relay according to maintenance messages, page 509
below:
Table 164 - Troubleshooting a protection relay according to maintenance
messages
Message information Possible Causes Actions
Maintenance message with: Mismatch between hardware Check the model number on
Module ID = 3 configuration and product fixed part with model number
Error type = -7 model number. on the withdrawable.
1st five characters after the
application reference should
be the same:
P5xx0-AAAA-Axxxx-xxxx
Maintenance message with: Hardware failure detected on Change the fix part of the
Module ID = 3 the fixed part (slot A) when the Easergy P5 protection relay
Error type = -5 Easergy P5 protection relay is with the equivalent one.
Completed by one of these powered on.
references: The message specifies the
• 3CT-CSH board impacted by the defect.
• 3CT-4VT-CSH
• 5CT
• 5CT-4VT
• 4VT
• LPCT-LPVT
Maintenance message with: Hardware failure detected on Change the withdrawable part
Module ID = 3 the withdrawable part when the of the Easergy P5 protection
Error type = -5 Easergy P5 protection relay is relay with the same model
Completed by one of these powered on. number.
references: The message specifies the
• 6DI-4DO board impacted by the defect.
• ARC-FLASH
• CPU P5x20
• CPU P5x30
• PSU30H-DI-DO
• PSU30L-DI-DO
• PSU20-DI-DO
Alarm message completed by Hardware failure detected on Check that the hardware
one of these references: the optional boards when the resources are equivalent or
• EXTENSION-BKUP Easergy P5 protection relay is exceeds those used in the
• COM SRL RS485 powered on. configuration file.
• COM SRL FO
• COM ETH 2TP-M (on
slot M)
• COM ETH 2FO-M (on
slot M)
• COM ETH 2TP-L (on slot
L)
• COM ETH HSR/PRP
Message appears during a Major issue on the CPU board Change the withdrawable part
reboot of the Easergy P5 of the Easergy P5 protection of the Easergy P5 protection
protection relay. The boot is not relay. relay with the same model
complete and the following number.
message is displayed:
- Firmware not complete (in
English only)
Alarm message completed by MET148-2 loose connection Check the MET148-2 module
the reference: is well connected to the
MET148-2 Extension and backup memory
board.
P5/EN M/44B 509

Table 164 - Troubleshooting a protection relay according to maintenance

messages (Continued)
Message information Possible Causes Actions
See Troubleshooting the

MET148-2 module, page 512
for more information.
CT supervision Alarm message Connection issue from CT/ Check the connection from MV
LPCT transformer to the transformer to the analogue
Easergy P5 protection relay input of the Easergy P5
protection relay.
Switch off/switch on the
protection relay.
If the failure is persistent,
change the rack of the Easergy
P5 protection relay
.
VT supervision Alarm message Connection issue from MV Check the connection from MV
transformer to the Easergy P5 transformer to the analogue
protection relay input of the Easergy P5
protection relay.
For LPVT, check if the three
LPVTs are connected on the
LPVT Hub.
Switch off/switch on the
protection relay.
If the failure is persistent,
change the rack of the Easergy
P5 protection relay.
Alarm message completed by The RTD number x on the As the message is common to
“RTD x Open Circuit Fault On” MET148-2 module is the RTD channels of the
or by: “RTD x Short Circuit disconnected or short- MET148-2 module, go to the
Fault On”, circuited. temperature measurement
display screen to determine
where x is the number of the which RTD is affected by the
RTD defect.
Measurement displayed:
• Tx.x = -**** = RTD
disconnected (T > 205 °C
(401 °F))
• Tx.x = **** = RTD short-
circuited (T < -35 °C (-31
°F))
Then check the connection of
RTDs.
The user did not log in using Use the InstallerLevel to log
the InstallerLevel user type and into the device.
was not allowed to proceed
with the firmware upgrade
operation.
The memory is not enough for Delete some DR files to get

firmware upgrade. more memory.
Alarm message “Incompatible Incompatible firmware or Check the firmware or

hardware or firmware version, hardware versions hardware version.
operation stopped”
Maintenance message with: CS certificate expired or CS Please contact Schneider

Module ID = 17 configuration potentially Electric Customer Care Center.
Error type = -1 inconsistent
510 P5/EN M/44B

Troubleshooting the communication modules

Possible Causes Actions
Loose of communication Change of parameters For Ethernet board, check the
during operation (Easergy P5 protection relay, traffic with the leds embedded
Scada), connection issue, on the RJ45 connectors.
hardware issue Check all the information and
parameters at scada level.
Check all the parameters at the
Easergy P5 protection relay
level.
Check all intermediate devices
(switches, etc.) installed
between Scada and the
Check the connections.
Replace the communication
board.
Alarm message completed by The communication board on Complete the configuration
“Slot x board is missing” slot X is missing. with the right communication
option.
Alarm message completed by There is a communication Configure the model number

“Slot x is not configured” board on Slot x, but the model with the right option.
number is not configured.
Alarm message completed by There is a communication In order to match the

“Slot x mismatch” board on Slot x, but its model communication board and the
number does not match the model number, take one of the
existing one in the system following corrective measures:
configuration. • Change the
communication board
• Configure the right model
number
Troubleshooting arc-flash system

This table describes some common problems in the arc-flash system and how
they can be solved.
Messages Possible Causes Actions
The trip signal does Faulty trip circuit wiring. Check that the wiring of the trip circuit is
not reach the circuit not faulty.
breaker.
The protection does The protection needs both Check the dip switch configuration. The
not trip even when a light and current information protection may be configured to require
sufficient light signal to trip. both the light and current condition to trip.
is provided.
Faulty sensor wiring Loose sensor wire. Check the sensor wiring. The sensor wire
detected by the self- may have loosened in the terminal blocks.
supervision.
Error message Light pulse to the arc-flash Check that the light pulse to the arc-flash
indicating blocked sensor is too long. sensor is not too long.
sensor channel.
If light is supplied to the arc-flash sensor for
more than three seconds, the self-
supervision function activates and switches
the light sensor channel to daylight
blocking mode, and the sensor channel is
blocked.
Remove the light source to reset the

blocked channel.
P5/EN M/44B 511

Troubleshooting the MET148-2 module

MET148-2 green and red LEDs Fault wiring RJ45 plugs of CCA77x cords
off clipped correctly into sockets.
MET148-2 green LED on. No response from the Check the position of the
MET148-2 red LED off. MET148-2 module. module number selection
jumper:
• MET1 for first MET148-2
module (temperatures T1
to T8)
• MET2 for second
MET148- 2 module
(temperatures T9 to T16).
• If the jumper position
needs to be changed,
reboot the MET148-2
module (by disconnecting
and reconnecting the
interconnection cord).
• Change the extension
module.
MET148-2 red LED flashing. Faulty wiring, MET148-2 Check module connections:
powered but loss of dialogue • RJ45 plugs of CCA77x
with base unit. cords clipped correctly
into sockets.
• If the MET148-2 module
is the last in the chain,
check that the line
terminating jumper is in
the Rc position. In all
other cases, check that
the jumper is in the
position marked
.
MET148-2 red LED on. More than 3 remote modules Remove a remote module.
connected.
MET148-2 module internal Change MET148-2 module.
failure.
512 P5/EN M/44B

Firmware upgrade
NOTE: This section applies to firmware upgrade operation only. For firmware
downgrade, please contact Schneider Electric Customer Care Center.
From time to time it may be necessary to upgrade the firmware of your Easergy
P5. There could be a number of reasons for this, new functionality, security
patches or correction of product behaviour.
The firmware upgrade feature of the Easergy P5 protection relay provides the
possibility for the user to upgrade the application firmware themselves through
eSetup Easergy Pro.
Upgrading the firmware requires the eSetup Easergy Pro software to be
connected to the device to be upgraded. This can be done either through the mini-
USB port on the local panel or one of the rear Ethernet ports.
You must also have access to the zip file containing the firmware version you wish
to upgrade to. This file typically has the format Easergy-P5-firmware-Vxx.xxx.xxx.
zip. Please contact Schneider Electric Customer Care Center to get the package.
Please be aware that the contents of this file must come from Schneider Electric
and the firmware signature will be checked to help ensure that it has come from a
genuine source before the product is updated.
NOTICE
RISK OF DATA LOSS
• Please save your configuration files, disturbance records and events before
starting the firmware upgrade.
• After the firmware upgrade is done, the operator needs to first connect to the
device and retrieve all configurations through eSetup Easergy Pro, open the
saved file, and then select the Copy all to DEVICE option from the File
menu.
• The operator needs to rebuild the logics and matrix.
• The operator needs to reload the second language package.
Failure to follow these instructions will result in loss of all configurations,
disturbance records and events.
The process for upgrading the firmware on the Easergy P5 protection relay is as
follows:
1. Connect the laptop that runs eSetup Easergy Pro to the Easergy P5
protection relay and log in with “InstallerLevel”.
2. Open the main menu from the top-left corner of the application, select the
Update firmware... option, and then select the new firmware package from
the folder where you saved the package.
3. The application performs the following operations before starting the upgrade:
a. Check User's rights
b. Checking firmware package
c. Updating firmware using P5 service tools
4. If every check is passed, the application gets ready to upgrade the firmware
and prompts the user to confirm. Click OK to confirm and the application will
reboot the device, and after that the new firmware will take effect.
5. After rebooted, a message Firmware update successful will be displayed in
alarm list.
P5/EN M/44B 513

Replacing the Easergy P5 protection relay

The Easergy P5 is a withdrawable protection relay. It is made up of the following
two parts (The fixed and withdrawable parts of the Easergy P5 protection relay,
page 514):
• A rack ① including the CT/VT and LPCT/LPVT modules (fixed part). The CT/
VT and LPCT/LPVT inputs are isolated and fixed. When the device is
withdrawn, CTs remain connected.
• A withdrawable part ② which contains all the electronics (including the I/O
board, CPU board and power supply).
The withdrawability is realised by unlocking and pulling out the green handle
on the local panel.
Figure 298 - The fixed and withdrawable parts of the Easergy P5 protection
relay
2
P533JUA
① Fixed rack
② Withdrawable part
To limit the time of interventions for maintenance reasons, the faulty protection
relay can be removed without disconnecting the wires or the connections. This
allows to quickly replace an Easergy P5 protection relay, provided that the spare
part is available.
The spare withdrawable part must be compatible with the one which is replaced.
The compatibility rules are as follows:
• The spare part must have the same hardware resources
• The spare part must have the same product model number
• The spare part must have the same major software version
To avoid any unintended withdrawing, and for security reasons, the removable
part is fixed to the rack by 3 screws for Easergy P5 x20 and 4 screws for Easergy
P5 x30 protection relays.
The procedure for replacing the Easergy P5 protection relay is as follows:
Diagnosis for replacement

For the diagnostic of the protection relay, check the following:
• The status of the watchdog relay (DO4 contact relay on slot B)
• The status of the LED and LED, and the configurable LEDs
• The and LEDs on the local panel
514 P5/EN M/44B

• The Alarm list and Maintenance file to checked and downloaded with eSetup
Easergy Pro
Preliminary operations
NOTE: If the Easergy P5 protection relay is still working, do not hesitate to
save configuration, settings and parameters to the back-up memory of the
extension module (optional) if it is available in the protection relay. For saving
(backup), go to the backup view of the Device/Test menu on the local panel.
1. Power off the Easergy P5 protection relay.
2. Unscrew the 3 screws on Easergy P5 x20 (or 4 for Easergy P5 x30) that fix
the local panel to the relay outer case. Refer to Unscrewing the front face
locking screws, page 46.
Screws 3 screws mounted on Easergy P5x20;

4 screws mounted on Easergy P5x30
Tools (-) 6.5 mm (1/4 in.) or (+) PZ2 screwdriver (Digital torque
screwdriver for installing)
3. Push upward the handle lock that locks the device handle.
4. Close the shutter of the local panel if it is open.
Removal
1. Using the device handle, pull the withdrawable part of the protection relay to
detach it from the outer case (pull the device handle from the top and bottom
when side access is difficult).
Figure 299 - Pulling the withdrawable part by its handle
P533JSA
2. Extract the withdrawable part of the protection relay, using your both hands to
help ensure a secure grip.
3. Check the model numbers on both the withdrawable part and the outer case.
Installation
1. Before replacing the module:
• For compatibility of the spare part, check that the identification on the
labels on the fixed and the withdrawable parts are the same.
• Visually check the cleanliness and state of the rear connectors (rear part
and lower part).
2. With the device handle fully open, insert the withdrawable (spare) part gently
into the fixed part.
P5/EN M/44B 515

3. Push down the handle to lock the withdrawable part. The lock tab on the
handle locks the handle to the local panel automatically.
Figure 300 - Locking the withdrawable part by the handle
P533JTA
4. For highly vibrating environment, put in place the screws (3 for Easergy P5
x20 and 4 for Easergy P5 x30) for locking the local panel to the relay case.
Tools • Screws removed in the preliminary operation

• (-) 6.5 mm (1/4 in.) or (+) PZ2 screwdriver
Tighting torque 1 N · m (8.85 lb-in)
NOTE: The screws are not mandatory for the installation of the spare part, but
recommended for security reasons.
Subsequent operations
After installing the Easergy P5 protection relay, perform the following operations if
necessary:
1. Switch on the Easergy P5 protection relay and check the relay operation.
Check the model number (from the Device/Test menu on the local panel) and
compare it with the associated model number displayed in eSetup Easergy
Pro.
2. If an extension module with backup memory is available on the Easergy P5
protection relay, update the device configuration.
3. For recovery of the configuration from the backup memory (optional) and
restart of the new protection relay, follow the instructions displayed on the
local panel.
516 P5/EN M/44B

Change a communication module
CAUTION
RISK OF SETTING CHANGES ERASED
• Never plug in or draw out the communication modules while the Easergy P5
protection relay is in service.
• Check and make sure that the communication module is locked.
damage.
The Easergy P5 is a modular protection relay; The modules which can be

replaced individually are:
• The communication modules
• The external modules
Identification of the module can be accessed:
• From the local panel of the Easergy P5 protection relay (Device Info menu)
• From eSetup Easergy Pro (Device Info view of the Device/Test menu)
• From the web server and the EcoStruxure Power Device application
Preliminary operation
Before changing a communication module:
1. Power off the Easergy P5 protection relay.
2. Check if it there is enough space (> 15 cm or 6 in.) in the rear and lower part
of the case to extract the modules. If not possible, remove the case from its
support.
Removal
The module can be easily removed from the Easergy P5 protection relay:
1. Push down the locking tab ①.
2. Gently pull the communication module forward ②.
Figure 301 - Removing the communication module
2
1
P533JVA
P5/EN M/44B 517

Installation
Install the module according to the following steps:
1. Before replacing the module, check visually the front plate ① and the
connector ②.
Figure 302 - Front plate and connector of the communication module
1 2
P533JWA
2. Insert the module into its location.

3. Gently push the module to the front plate until it locks (a click is heard when
the locking tab is locked).
Subsequent operation
After installing the module:
1. Check that the module is locked (visual check).
2. Switch on the Easergy P5 protection relay and verify that the module has
been detected:
• On the local panel, enter the Home menu/Device/Test sub-menu and
check this in the Board menu item.
• With eSetup Easergy Pro see the Device/Test menu/Device Info sub-
menu.
518 P5/EN M/44B

Return for expert assessment

To return the Easergy P5 protection relay for expert assessment, use the original
packaging if possible.
If the full product is returned, the active part must be installed in the fix part and
properly fixed with screws.
The Easergy P5 protection relay must be returned accompanied by its settings
sheet and the following information:
• Name and address of the initiator
• Easergy P5 protection relay type and serial number
• Date of the incident
• Detailed description of the incident
• LED status and message displayed at the time of the incident
• List of stored events
End of life
At end of life, Easergy P5 protection relays must be dismantled to facilitate the
recovery of the various constituent materials.
The proportion of recyclable material is higher than 65%. This percentage
includes the metallic materials and marked thermoplastics conforming to the
current legislation, as well as the subassemblies that must be sent to specialised
treatment systems: 3 to 5 electronic cards, and an LCD screen that can easily be
disassembled.
It is calculated according to "ECO’DEEE recyclability and recoverability calculation
method" (version V1.20, September 2008, presented to ADEME, the French
Agency for Environment and Energy Management).
P5/EN M/44B 519

Protection Relay Revision history
Revision history
Document version Description
P5/EN M/11A First edition for initial product release
2019-05 Hardware version A
Firmware version V01
Release / Build 001.029
Configuration tool eSetup Easergy Pro V2.0.0 or later
CET850 V3.1.2 or later
P5/EN M/22A Hardware version A
2019-11 Firmware version V01
Hardware LPCT/LPVT available for P5U20
Ethernet communication module with RSTP redundancy
(reference REL51042)
Local panel Local panel layout enhanced
U2>, U2>> Negative sequence overvoltage protection (ANSI 47)
I0/U0>, I0/U0>> Neutral admittance protection (ANSI 21YN)
N> Motor restart inhibition function (ANSI 66) enhanced
CB monitoring CB monitoring function enhanced
Firmware upgrade Firmware upgrade feature
USB data transfer USB data transfer function available
I2> The following features are available:
I>, I>>
• STI and CO8 curves to the IEC and IEEE curve types,
I0>,
respectively
I0’>, I0’>>
Iφ>, Iφ>> • IDMT reset curve
I0φ>, I0φ>>, I0φ>>>
Logic gate Logic gate number increased to 250
Hardware 12I4O and 5I5O modules available
24 to 48 V DC voltage power supply module available for
P5x30
Motor speed detection Motor speed detection available
Motor speed>, Motor Motor overspeed (ANSI 12) protection available
speed>>
Motor speed<,Motor Motor underspeed (ANSI 14) protection available
speed<<
520 P5/EN M/44B

Revision history Protection Relay
ABS Motor Anti-backspin (ABS) protection available

Inrush Inrush detection enhanced
Ih2> 2nd harmonic detection (ANSI 68H2) removed
Motor status Motor status enhanced
Logic timer Logic timer available
Global trip timer Global trip timer available
P5/EN M/33B Hardware version A
VTS Voltage transformer supervision enhanced
Special access control F1 key access control and communication SCADA access
control available
P5/EN M/33C Hardware version A
Logic functions The information for logic functions updated
Easergy Studio V9.3.3 or later
Operate time delay Global update of operate time delay philosophy. Start
time compensation removed.
General nomenclature IL1, IL2 and IL3 changed to IA, IB and IC; VL1, VL2, VL3
update changed to VA, VB, VC; U12, U23, U31 changed to VAB,
VBC, VCA, change of labels for protection stages,
change of the units for modified protection elements
64REF Restricted earth/ground fault protection available
Phase overcurrent Harmonized direction and non-directional phase
protection overcurrent protection with phase segregation information,
6 stages in total
Earth fault over current Harmonized direction and non-directional earth fault
protection overcurrent protection, 6 stages in total
Overfrequency Two dedicated over frequency stages
Underfrequency Increase the number of stages to 8
Residual overvoltage Algorithm refinement
Overvoltage/ Algorithm updated to have phase to phase and phase to
Undervoltage neutral voltage selection, phase segregation information
added
P5/EN M/44B 521

Protection Relay Revision history
Advanced logic engine More complex logic feature with ISaGRAF available
P5/EN M/44B Hardware version A
Configuration tool eSetup Easergy Pro 4.2.0 or later
Easergy Studio V9.4.0 or later
Rate of change of Algorithm revised, frequency and frequency + RoCoF
frequency protection modes introduced. Increased accuracy. 9 independent
stages with the same settings and performance introduced.
Overcurrent protection Definite time setting range updated.
Undercurrent protection Pick-up setting range updated. Low-current block limit
setting introduced. The function is now available in P5F30.
Broken conductor Algorithm revised. The precondition for operation is the
protection positive phase sequence component greater than 5% of
nominal value. 2nd stage with the same settings and
performance introduced.
Emergency restart New automation function for motor application introduced.
Virtual inputs VI1 to VI10 are configurable virtual inputs, they can operate
in pulse mode with a settable pulse length.
Default mimic Improved manipulation of default mimic screens. Use
arrow-up or arrow-down keys to scroll between visible
Mimics 1-5.
Disturbance recorder Auto-Reclose, CB monitoring, SOL, CTS/VTS related
signals added to Disturbance Recorder.
Alarms Fault direction added to 67/67N related alarms.
System Confirmation popup window displayed when firmware
upgrade is completed successfully.
Special access control by F1 button enhanced with auto
log-out within 3 mins and reset button behaviour.
Connection between P5 and Easergy Pro improved.
Communication Ethernet/IP protocol data model updated.
Modbus protocol data model updated.
IEC 60870-5-103 protocol data model updated.
Enhancements and bug fixes in IEC 61850 fPN feature.
Advanced logic engine Advanced logic can be now viewed with ISaGRAF
Workbench Demo only (without ISaGRAF Workbench
license).
Nomenclature Change for setting units from In/% to pu.
Continuous engineering Regular corrections & bug fixes package introduced.
522 P5/EN M/44B

Order information Protection Relay
Order information
Protection relay
For ordering, please visit www.se.com and use Easergy P5 Product Selector.
Alternatively, please contact Customer Care Center stating a complete model
number (according to below table) and quantity.
v300f
Cables
Easergy P5
Slot M
Slot D
Slot B
Slot C
Slot A
Slot N
Slot E
Slot P
Slot L
Application P5F30 - - -
Feeder protection relay
Motor protection relay P5M30
Universal protection relay P5U20
Voltage protection relay P5V20
Slot D - Additional I/O **

Without A
6DI + 4DO B
3 Arc sensors + 3DI + 3DO C
5DI + 5DO D
12DI + 4DO E
Slot E - Additional I/O **

Without A
6DI + 4DO B
3 Arc sensors + 3DI + 3DO C
5DI + 5DO D
12DI + 4DO E
Slot B - Power supply

48 - 250 V DC / 100 - 230 V AC + 4DI + 3DO + WD C
24 - 48 V DC + 4DI + 3DO + WD * D
Slot C - Additional I/O **

without A
6DI + 4DO B
5DI + 5DO D
12DI + 4DO E
Slot A - CT/VT
3 phase CT + 2 neutral CT + 4 VT G
3 phase CT + 1 neutral CSH + 4 VT H
3 LPCT + 1 neutral CSH + 4 LPVT I
Slot L - 2nd Ethernet communicaiton port

Without A
Ethernet TP module with RSTP (2*RJ45) B
Slot M - Ethernet comm

Without A
Ethernet TP module with RSTP (2*RJ45) B
Ethernet FO module with RSTP (2*LC) C
Ethernet FO module with HSR/PRP (2*LC) D
Slot N - Serial communication port

Without A
RS485 serial line module E
RS485 FO serial line module F
Ethernet FO module with HSR/PRP (2*LC) (when option D is selected on Slot M) D
Slot P - Extension port

Without A
Extension module + Backup memory H
Model version
Version A A
Firmware version
Latest firmware version V01.402 A
Firmware version V01.303 B
Function packages
Cybersecurity Basic A
Cyberscurity Advanced IEC 62443 4-2 Security Level 1 B
Cybersecurity Basic & Advanced Logic Engine * C
Cybersecurity Advanced IEC 62443 4-2 Security Level 1 & Advanced Logic Engine * D
Languages
English A
English - Chinese B
English - French C
English - Italian E
English - Polish F
English - Portugeese G
English - Russian H
English - Spanish I
English - Tr. Chinese L
English - English ANSI * K
L
* options not availaible with firmware version V01.303
** ATTENTION - slot occupation rules apply, not every I/O board configuration in slots C, D, E is valid. Please refer to
Product Selector at www.se.com, User Guide/Ordering information or P5x30 slot occupation rules XLS file.
P5/EN M/44B 523

Protection Relay Order information
NOTE: For the applicable slot occupation rules for your Easergy P5 protection
relay ordered, refer to Slot occupation rules, page 524 to get more details.
Slot occupation rules

The slot occupation rules for Easergy P5 protection relay based on your ordering
are stated as the table below:
30TE withdrawable HW possible combinations No. of boards No. of digital I/O
slot D slot E slot C 5I5O arc-flash 6I4O 12I4O DI DO
AA*A cover cover cover 0 0 0 0 4 3 + WD

AA*B cover cover 6I4O 0 0 1 0 10 7 + WD
BA*B 6I4O cover 6I4O 0 0 2 0 16 11 + WD
BB*B 6I4O 6I4O 6I4O 0 0 3 0 22 15 + WD
CA*A arc-flash cover cover 0 1 0 0 7 6 + WD
CA*B arc-flash cover 6I4O 0 1 1 0 13 10 + WD
CB*B arc-flash 6I4O 6I4O 0 1 2 0 19 14 + WD
CC*A arc-flash arc-flash cover 0 2 0 0 10 9 + WD
CC*B arc-flash arc-flash 6I4O 0 2 1 0 16 13 + WD
AA*D cover cover 5I5O 1 0 0 0 9 8 + WD
BA*D 6I4O cover 5I5O 1 0 1 0 15 12 + WD
BB*D 6I4O 6I4O 5I5O 1 0 2 0 21 16 + WD
CA*D arc-flash cover 5I5O 1 1 0 0 12 11 + WD
CB*D arc-flash 6I4O 5I5O 1 1 1 0 18 15 + WD
CC*D arc-flash arc-flash 5I5O 1 2 0 0 15 14 + WD
DA*D 5I/5O cover 5I5O 2 0 0 0 14 13 + WD
BD*D 6I4O 5I5O 5I5O 2 0 1 0 20 17 + WD
CD*D arc-flash 5I5O 5I5O 2 1 0 0 17 16 + WD
DD*D 5I5O 5I5O 5I5O 3 0 0 0 19 18 + WD
AA*E cover cover 12I4O 0 0 0 1 16 7 + WD
EA*B 12I4O cover 6I4O 0 0 1 1 22 11 + WD
BE*B 6I4O 12I4O 6I4O 0 0 2 1 28 15 + WD
CA*E arc-flash cover 12I4O 0 1 0 1 19 10 + WD
CE*B arc-flash 12I4O 6I4O 0 1 1 1 25 14 + WD
CC*E arc-flash arc-flash 12I4O 0 2 0 1 22 13 + WD
EA*D 12I4O cover 5I5O 1 0 0 1 21 12 + WD
BE*D 6I4O 12I4O 5I5O 1 0 1 1 27 16 + WD
CE*D arc-flash 12I4O 5I5O 1 1 0 1 24 15 + WD
DE*D 5I5O 12I4O 5I5O 2 0 0 1 26 17 + WD
EA*E 12I4O cover 12I4O 0 0 0 2 28 11 + WD
EE*B 12I4O 12I4O 6I4O 0 0 1 2 34 15 + WD
CE*E arc-flash 12I4O 12I4O 0 1 0 2 31 14 + WD
EE*D 12I4O 12I4O 5I5O 1 0 0 2 33 16 + WD
EE*E 12I4O 12I4O 12I4O 0 0 0 3 40 15 + WD
524 P5/EN M/44B

Order information Protection Relay
Accessories
Order accessories for your Easergy P5 protection relay according to the table
below:
Order code Description
Communication Modules
REL51038 Ethernet TP module - slot M
REL51039 Ethernet FO module - slot M
REL51042 Ethernet TP module - slot L
REL51033 Ethernet HSR/PRP FO module - slots M-N
REL51036 RS485 serial line module - slot N
VW3A8306RC RS485 line termination accessory
LV434211 RJ45 to open 2/4 wire adaptor for Modbus
REL51040 Fiber optic serial line module - slot N
REL51034 Extension module - slot P

External modules
59641 8 temperature sensor module (MET148-2)
REL51045 IRIG-B module

59660 0.6m remote module connection cord
59661 2m remote module connection cord
59662 4m remote module connection cord
Sensors
59635 Core balance CT, Ø=120mm (CSH120)
EMS59572 VT adapter
EMS59573 LPVT sensor hub

REL52801 Arc accessory VA1DA-20 Arc sensor 20m
REL52802 Arc accessory VA1DA-20S-HF Arc sensor 20m shielded halogen free
REL52803 Arc accessory VA1DA-20S Arc sensor 20m shielded
REL52804 Arc accessory VA1DA-6 Arc sensor 6m connect cable
REL52805 Arc accessory VA1DA-6S-HF Arc sensor 6m shielded halogen free
REL52806 Arc accessory VA1DA-6S Arc sensor 6m shielded
REL52807 Arc accessory VA1EH-20 Arc sensor 20m pipe sensor
REL52808 Arc accessory VA1EH-20S Arc sensor 20m pipe sensor shielded
REL52809 Arc accessory VA1EH-6 Arc sensor 6m pipe sensor
REL52810 Arc accessory VA1EH-6S Arc sensor 6m pipe sensor shielded
Mounting accessories
REL51032 20TE flush mounting accessory
REL51052 30TE flush mounting accessory
REL51021 19inch rack mounting accessory
REL51018 30TE blanking plate for rack mounting
Wiring accessories
P5/EN M/44B 525

Protection Relay Order information
REL51054 2-pin comb-busbar for I/O - 100 pcs
REL51059 90° ring wiring terminal red -250 pcs
REL51060 90° ring wiring terminal blue -250 pcs
REL51061 90° ring wiring terminal yellow -250 pcs
Easergy Pro connection cable
59700 PC cord USB

Spare parts
REL51077 Spare 2 screw type connectors kit
REL51078 Spare accessories kit for CT/VT
REL51079 Spare accessories kit for LPCT/LPVT
526 P5/EN M/44B

Schneider Electric
35 rue Joseph Monier
92500 Rueil Malmaison
France
+ 33 (0) 1 41 29 70 00
www.se.com
As standards, specifications, and design change from time to time,

please ask for confirmation of the information given in this publication.
© 2022 – Schneider Electric. All rights reserved.

P5/EN M/44B

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Easergy P5

Version: P5/EN M/44B

Slot P: extension module (reference REL51034) ...................................92

Check the protection functions ........................................................... 145

eSetup Easergy Pro................................................................................ 209

Motor status ........................................................................................... 288

Non-directional/directional phase overcurrent protection (ANSI 50/51/

Operating modes .............................................................................. 371

Description ....................................................................................... 483

Safety information and password protection

AC, DC Alternating Current, Direct Current

ACSI Abstract Communication Service Interface

CAE EcoStruxure Cybersecurity Admin Expert

DCD Device Capabilities Description

DMS Distribution Management System

EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility

ETH Ethernet Module

GD Threshold of independent time operation.

HMI Human Machine Interface

ICD IED Capability Description

ICT Inductive Current Transformer

IED Intelligent Electronic Device

IN.CSH Measured neutral current from CSH core-balance CT

IN.calc Calculated neutral current from 3 phase currents

IN.meas Measured neutral current from standard 1A/5A current inputs

IN.nom Standard neutral CT primary nominal

IN.sens Measured neutral current from sensitive 1A input

IN.sens.nom Sensitive neutral CT primary nominal

IVT Inductive Voltage Transformer

In Phase CT primary nominal

Inom Phase CT primary nominal

Table 1 - Abbreviations used in the manual (Continued)

LC "Lucent Connector": type of optical connector

LED Light Emitting Diode

LPCT Low Power Current Transformer

LV, MV Low Voltage, Medium Voltage

PCT Protective Conductor Terminal (earth/ground)

PLC Programmable Logic Controller

POC Primary Operating Current

PRP Parallel Redundancy Protocol

Pnom Active nominal power

pu Base unit which equals to primary nominal value

QR code Quick Response code: two-dimensional barcode.

RCA Relay Characteristic Angle

RJ45 Standardised type of connector (eight-wire connector) used for Ethernet

RMS Root Mean Square

RoCoF Rate of Change of Frequency

RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol: communication protocol

RTC Real Time Clock

RTU Remote Terminal Unit

SFTP/FTP Secured File Transfer Protocol/File Transfer Protocol

SRL Serial Module

Snom Apparent nominal power

THD Total Harmonic Distortion

TP Time Protocol: communication protocol

UFLS Underfrequency Load Shedding

Table 1 - Abbreviations used in the manual (Continued)

Un Phase VT primary nominal

USB Universal Serial Bus