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    محمد ابراهيم
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    This document provides an overview of reinforced concrete design and limit state design. It discusses the two limit states of ultimate and serviceability, and describes the various types of loads that must be considered in design, including dead loads, live loads, wind loads, snow loads, earthquake loads, and other natural loads. It also discusses partial factors of safety for loadings and the bending of reinforced concrete sections, including the equivalent rectangular stress block for determining the compressive force in the concrete. Examples are provided to illustrate bending section analysis.

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    This document provides an overview of reinforced concrete design and limit state design. It discusses the two limit states of ultimate and serviceability, and describes the various types of loads that must be considered in design, including dead loads, live loads, wind loads, snow loads, earthquake loads, and other natural loads. It also discusses partial factors of safety for loadings and the bending of reinforced concrete sections, including the equivalent rectangular stress block for determining the compressive force in the concrete. Examples are provided to illustrate bending section analysis.

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    21 views19 pages

    No 02

    Uploaded by

    محمد ابراهيم
    This document provides an overview of reinforced concrete design and limit state design. It discusses the two limit states of ultimate and serviceability, and describes the various types of loads that must be considered in design, including dead loads, live loads, wind loads, snow loads, earthquake loads, and other natural loads. It also discusses partial factors of safety for loadings and the bending of reinforced concrete sections, including the equivalent rectangular stress block for determining the compressive force in the concrete. Examples are provided to illustrate bending section analysis.

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    of 19

    Reinforced concrete design

    Lecture No. 02
    Limit State Design & Loads & Section analysis

    Dr. ABUBKRE ABDELMONEIM

    1
    Reinforced concrete design
    Limit State Design
    The design requirements:
    1- Under the worst loading the structure is safe.
    2-During normal working condition the deformation of the
    members does not detract from the appearance, durability or
    performance of the structure

    Reinforced concrete design 2


    Limit State Design
    Limit States:
    The purpose of the design is to achieve a acceptable probabilities
    that a structure will not become unfit for its intended use (will
    not reach a limit state)
    1. Ultimate limit state
    This requires that the structure must be able to with withstand,
    with an adequate factor of safety against collapse, the loads for
    which its designed.

    Reinforced concrete design 3


    Limit State Design
    Limit States:
    2. Serviceability limit state
    I. Defection
    II. Cracking
    III. Durability
    IV. Vibration
    V. Fatigue
    VI. Fire resistance

    Reinforced concrete design 4


    Limit State Design

    Material safety factor

    Reinforced concrete design 5


    Limit State Design
    Type of Loads
    • In order to design a structure, it is necessary to first specify the loads that act on it.
     Dead Loads
     Live Loads
     Bridge Loads
     Wind Loads
     Snow Loads
     Earthquake Loads
     Hydrostatic and Soil Pressure
     Other Natural Loads

    Reinforced concrete design 6


    Limit State Design
    Type of Loads
    • In order to design a structure, it is necessary to first specify the loads that act on it.
     Dead Loads
     Live Loads
     Bridge Loads
     Wind Loads
     Snow Loads
     Earthquake Loads
     Hydrostatic and Soil Pressure
     Other Natural Loads

    Reinforced concrete design 7


    Type of Loads
    Dead loads:

    Dead loads are loads of constant magnitude that remain in one position.
    Dead loads consist of the weights of the various structural members and the
    weights of any objects that are permanently attached to the structure.
    (weight of walls, plasters, floorings, glasses, plumping and electrical attachments).

    Once the materials and sizes of the various components of the structure are
    determined, their weights can be found from tables that list their densities.

    Reinforced concrete design 8


    Type of Loads
    Live loads (Imposed load)
    Live loads are loads that can change in magnitude and position.

    Live loads may be caused by the weights of objects temporarily placed on a structure,
    moving vehicles, or natural forces.
    (weight of human beings, moving loads, … etc)

    The minimum live loads specified in codes are determined from studying the history of
    their effects on existing structures.

    The values are determined from a history of loading of various buildings.

    Reinforced concrete design 9


    Type of Loads
    Wind loads

    Wind loads are produced by the flow of


    wind around structures.

    Wind loads can vary both in their magnitude


    and location.

    Wind load magnitudes vary in proportion to


    the distance from the base of the structure,
    peak wind speed, importance factor, and
    side of building and roof slope.

    Reinforced concrete design 10


    Type of Loads
    Snow Loads:
    Design snow load for a structure is based on the
    ground snow load for its geographic location, exposure
    to wind, and its thermal, geometric, and functional
    characteristics.

    Earthquake Loads:
    An earthquake is a sudden undulation of a portion of the earth’s surface.

    Hydrostatic and Soil Pressures:


    Hydrostatic pressure acts normal to the submerged surface of the structure, with its
    magnitude varying linearly with height,
    Reinforced concrete design 11
    Limit State Design

    Partial factors of safety for loadings

    Reinforced concrete design 12


    Section analysis
    Bending and the equivalent rectangular stress block:
    (a) Single Reinforced Rectangular section in bending

    Reinforced concrete design 13


    Section analysis
    (a) Single Reinforced Rectangular section in bending

    Reinforced concrete design 14


    Section analysis
    (a) Single Reinforced Rectangular section in bending

    0.95d >= z , k<0.156

    Reinforced concrete design 15


    Section analysis
    Example (1)

    Reinforced concrete design 16


    Section analysis
    Example (1)

    Reinforced concrete design 17


    Section analysis
    H.W. (1)

    Reinforced concrete design 18


    End of Presentation

    Questions
    Good Luck..
    Reinforced concrete design 19

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