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    hw1 UM101

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    ice water
    This document contains instructions for homework assignments on set theory and linear algebra. It includes 5 problems: 1) Justifying set equalities using axioms of set theory; 2) Proving that one expression for set differences is always true while another is sometimes false; 3) Explaining that the intersection of two sets is also a set using axioms; 4) Proving the empty set is a subset of any set; and 5) Justifying basic arithmetic equations using Peano's axioms of addition for natural numbers. Students are asked to provide proofs for specified expressions and equalities.

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    hw1 UM101

    Uploaded by

    ice water
    16 views1 page
    This document contains instructions for homework assignments on set theory and linear algebra. It includes 5 problems: 1) Justifying set equalities using axioms of set theory; 2) Proving that one expression for set differences is always true while another is sometimes false; 3) Explaining that the intersection of two sets is also a set using axioms; 4) Proving the empty set is a subset of any set; and 5) Justifying basic arithmetic equations using Peano's axioms of addition for natural numbers. Students are asked to provide proofs for specified expressions and equalities.

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    This document contains instructions for homework assignments on set theory and linear algebra. It includes 5 problems: 1) Justifying set equalities using axioms of set theory; 2) Proving that one expression for set differences is always true while another is sometimes false; 3) Explaining that the intersection of two sets is also a set using axioms; 4) Proving the empty set is a subset of any set; and 5) Justifying basic arithmetic equations using Peano's axioms of addition for natural numbers. Students are asked to provide proofs for specified expressions and equalities.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    16 views1 page

    hw1 UM101

    Uploaded by

    ice water
    This document contains instructions for homework assignments on set theory and linear algebra. It includes 5 problems: 1) Justifying set equalities using axioms of set theory; 2) Proving that one expression for set differences is always true while another is sometimes false; 3) Explaining that the intersection of two sets is also a set using axioms; 4) Proving the empty set is a subset of any set; and 5) Justifying basic arithmetic equations using Peano's axioms of addition for natural numbers. Students are asked to provide proofs for specified expressions and equalities.

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    UM 101 : ANALYSIS & LINEAR ALGEBRA – I

    “AUTUMN” 2020
    HOMEWORK 1

    Instructor: GAUTAM BHARALI Assigned: NOVEMBER 19, 2020

    1. In class we encountered one of the axioms of set-theory, stated as “The rule defining when two
    sets are equal,” and for which you were referred to Section I-2.2 of Apostol’s book. Using this
    rule, justify the following equalities of sets:
    (a) {a, a} = {a}
    (b) {a, b} = {b, a}
    (c) {a} = {b, c} if and only if a = b = c.

    2. (Prob. 20(b) from Apostol, Section I-2.5) Show that one of the two expressions below is always
    right and that the other is sometimes wrong:
    i) A − (B − C) = (A − B) ∪ C,
    ii) A − (B ∪ C) = (A − B) − C.
    (Note. What this means is that you must provide a proof of the expression that you think is
    always true, and you must provide one counterexample showing that the other is false.)

    3. In class, we mentioned that if A and B are two sets, then we take as an axiom — The Axiom of
    Unions — that A ∪ B is a set. In contrast, show that we do not need any axiom beyond those that
    were mentioned in class to assert that A ∩ B is a set. Specifically show that the fact that A ∩ B
    is a set is given by the set-builder axiom.

    4. Prove that ∅ ⊆ A for any set A.

    The following problem will go a little beyond what has been taught until now. You will need the
    material of the lecture of November 20 to solve it.
    5. Refer to Peano’s Axioms. For a natural number n, S(n) will denote the successor of n. Let “+”
    denote the Peano addition between two natural numbers (which formalises the addition you learnt
    as children). Define:
    1 := S(0),
    2 := S(1) = S(S(0)),
    
    3 := S(2) = S(S(1)) = S S(S(0)) .
    Using the rules of Peano addition, justify that
    (a) 1 + 1 = 2.
    (b) 1 + 2 = 3.
    Note. You may freely use the fact n + m = m + n for all m, n ∈ N without proof. Using this will
    provide a somewhat shorter proof of (b) than the one resulting from following the rules of Peano
    addition slavishly.

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