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Chapter 1

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CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Reading is one of the macro skills that have an essential role in communication. We

have been taught about it in our childhood- from voicing out the sounds of each letter to

learning of associating them in pronouncing words. However, reading does not only focus on

articulating the words themselves but understanding their meanings too which actually is the

main purpose of it: for us to be capable of explaining what we just read. And as we all know,

communication is all about exchanging information, thoughts, or ideas which makes reading

became more significant in that aspect because we can go beyond the limit of conveying the

direct meaning of words, especially at the present time when people are starting to give

power to words than we usually do before. In that case, it obviously shows that it is indeed

our foundation in linking ourselves to the world where embracing literature as a means of

communication has been widely normalized.

In literature, interpretation is a vital instrument since we also employ our creativity in

making a literary piece, specifically in written text. One factor that could explain its

importance is the existence of figurative language. “A figure of speech is a non-literal way of

saying things: that is, the words have to be interpreted in order to understand the intended

meaning.” (Elder, 2004: 292). Consequently, it is typically seen to be used by many authors

in order to express their own artistic style which contributes a lot to stimulate the interest of

the readers. On the other hand, there are still disadvantages present in this course of action,

particularly in the position of younger readers like students.

Some of the problems they commonly experienced are confusion caused by the

characteristic of figurative language as it intends to have a double meaning of the words.


Most students are struggling with analyzing what they read because they usually focus on the

actual meaning of the words which they adapt as a practice as they are more exposed to

learning grammar wherein they are expected to follow a specific rule. Kathpalia & Carmel

(2011) states that “All over the world people are becoming students of English. Many of

these English programs follow a prescribed program that is focused on grammar and not on

conversational language.” As a researcher, this has become the primary reason why we feel

the need to address or discuss this issue.

This study aims to serve as an eye-opener for everyone about the significance of

understanding figurative language and also to promote awareness that this matter is

something that we should pay attention to and not disregard.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The general problem of this study is to determine the Significance of Understanding

Figurative Language for Improving Students’ Reading Comprehension skills in Grade 10

students of San Francisco Xavier High School.

Specifically, it aims to answer the following problem:

1. How much is the prior knowledge of the students regarding figurative language?

2. Is figurative language contributing to the success of students in terms of reading

comprehension?

3. Does understanding figurative language affects improving students’ reading

comprehension skills?

4. How students with and without knowledge of figurative language do differ in

terms of interpreting a text?

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