Handout #2

EE362A
Fall 2015

EE362A Semiconductor Devices

Lecture 1 - Introduction

Hyunjoo Jenny Lee

Assistant Professor
School of Electrical Engineering
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)

Today’s Lecture

§  Course Overview

–  Logistics
–  Policy
–  Schedule

§  Motivations for this course!

–  Market trends
–  Moore’s Law and the state-of-the-art technology

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 2

 About Your Instructor (1)

§  Assistant professor in EE since 2015

§  EE, Ph.D., Stanford University

–  Miniaturized chemical sensor system

§  EECS, B.S. and M.Eng., MIT

§  Current research

–  Microsystems for biomedical applications
–  Sensors
–  Brain/neuro engineering

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 3

About Your Instructor (2)

§  Where and when can you find me?

–  Office hours: Wednesday 4:00 - 5:00 pm
–  Email: hyunjoo.lee@kaist.ac.kr
–  Location: E19 National Nanofab Center, Room 516

We are
here

I am
here

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 4

 EE362A Basics (1)

§  Teaching assistant

–  Jae Hur, Ph.D. candidate
–  Contact information: jhur@nobelab.kaist.ac.kr
–  Office hours: Wednesday 4:00 pm - 5:00 pm

§  Website
–  https://sites.google.com/site/kaistbmm/EE362A
–  All the handouts (lecture notes, homework assignments, exam,
homework solutions etc.) will be available sequentially on the website.
–  Lecture note will be available online for download one day prior to the
lecture.

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 5

EE362A Basics (2)

§  Course website

-  https://sites.google.com/site/kaistbmm/EE362A

Download
handouts
here

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 6

 EE362A Basics (3)

§  Textbook
–  Semiconductor Physics and Devices: Basic Principles, 4th edition,
Donald A. Neamen, McGraw Hill International, 2012

§  Course prerequisite

–  EE211 Introduction to Physical Electronics or equivalent
•  Basic understanding of energy bands
•  Charge carriers in semiconductor
•  Carrier transports – drift and diffusion
•  PN Junctions

–  BUT, for those who don’t have equivalent background and for brief
reminder, first 2 weeks will be dedicated to EE211 review.

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 7

EE362A Basics (4)

§  Official “no class” dates

–  10/9 Friday (Public Holiday)
–  11/25 Wednesday (KAIST Entrance Exam Day)

§  Unofficial “no class” dates

–  10/16 Friday (time to study midterms)
–  12/11 Friday (time to study finals)
–  Show hands

§  Tentative “no instructor” dates

–  In case of absence due to business trips, pre-recorded video will be
played in class

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 8

 Assignments

§  Homework (30%)

–  Handed out on Friday, due following Friday in class by 10:30 am sharp
–  No late homework will be accepted
–  Lowest HW score will be dropped!
–  Any plagiarized homework will be given 0 to both sides.

In case of medical
§  Midterm Exam (30%) emergency, submit an
official statement from
hospital and we will
§  Final Exam (30%) arrange extension/make-
up quiz or exam!

§  Quiz (10%)

–  3 in total. Conceptual, no hard-core calculations.
–  Since quiz is given out in replacement to the standard attendance
check, if you miss the class, no make-up quiz will be given out.
H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 9

Any Questions?
 Semiconductor Device Sequence - Undergraduate

EE463
Semiconductor
IC Technology

EE211 EE362 Fabrication methods

Intro. to physical Semiconductor
electronics devices

EE561
General operating Intro to VLSI
Basic physics
principle of devices
required in
basic semiconductor
understanding
devices Scaling issues
semiconductor devices

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 11

Semiconductor Device Sequence - Graduate

Physics

EE764
EE565 EE762 Quantum
EE661
Modern physics for Advanced MOS Engineering for
Solid state physics
engineers Devices Physics Nanoelectronic
Devices

Process

EE665
EE566
CMOS front-end
MEMS in EE
process
perspectives
technology

Application Specific
EE563
Display
EE666 Engineering
EE663 EE567
Optoelectronics
High frequency Photovoltaic power
semiconductor
electronics devices generation
devices
EE568
Intro to organic
electronics

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 12

 EE362 Course Outline

Contents Duration

•  EE211 Review – Energy Bands, PN Junctions 2 weeks

•  PN Diodes 1 week

•  Bipolar Junction Transistors 3 weeks

•  Metal-Semiconductor Junction 1 week

•  MOSFET 3 weeks

•  Advanced MOSFET 2 weeks

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 13

Summary of Learning Goals

§  Understand the operating principles of two most standard

semiconductor devices: BJT and MOSFET
–  Able to explain the fundamental difference between BJT and MOSFET

§  Acquire basic knowledge and training to be able to

–  Derive device characteristics from scratch
–  Correlate the key device parameter to device performance

§  Acquire basic intuition to estimate device characteristics (e.g. I-V, C-

V) for any kinds of semiconductor devices by using energy band
diagram

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 14

 Equations vs. Intuition?

§  Everything is online! §  Yes at least once for practice …

–  So you can derive equations
for other devices
§  Yes for very basic numbers and
equations …
–  Rough ratio between electron
and hole mobility
–  Typical silicon intrinsic
concentration
Interstellar 2014
–  Typical I-V relationship of PN
diodes, BJT, and MOSFET
Do we still need to memorize
equations and crunch numbers? §  … but at the end… intuition is
the most important!
H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 15

Any Questions?
 Why do we study semiconductor devices?!? (1)

§  What end-use applications drove semiconductor sales in 2014?

e.g. smartphone,
tablets
First time overtaking
PC markets!

Source - World Semiconductor Trade Statistics (WSTS) | Link - https://www.semiconductors.org

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 17

Why do we study semiconductor devices?!? (2)

§  Worldwide semiconductor revenue by regions

Source - World Semiconductor Trade Statistics (WSTS) | Link - https://www.semiconportal.com

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 18

 Why do we study semiconductor devices?!? (3)

§  Double-digit growth in 2014!

Source – IC insights | Link – http://www.icinsights.com

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 19

Moore’s Law (1)

§  Moore’s Law (1965) – 50th year anniversary

–  Gordon Moore: co-founder of the Intel Corporation and Fairchild
Semiconductor
–  Projection of a trend that became a law…

Transistor counts
will double every
two years!

Source – Intel | Link - http://www.intel.com

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 20

 Moore’s Law (2)

§  What does it really mean?

1)  Smaller
-  High density
-  Less price per transistor

2) Performance
-  Faster switching
-  Less power
consumption
-  Less delay

Source – Intel | Link - https://software.intel.com

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 21

Moore’s Law (3)

§  We are very near the edge!

Source – Ray Kurzweil | Link – http://blog.bcaresearch.com

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 22

 State-of-the-Art Technology

35 nm

Source – Intel | Link – http://www.intel.com

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 23

Intel 22nm Explained

Source - Intel | Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIkMaQJSyP8 | Duration - 4:19 min

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 24

 Ok… so why do we really study semiconductor?

§  Straight line projections can be wrong!

Source – Thrawn at Prohardver | Link – http://prohardver.hu/

H. J. Lee | EE | KAIST EE362A | Fall 2015 25

Any Questions?