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Applications of Maxima and Minima

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Applications of Maxima and Minima � = �� = (1600−2�)

� = 1600� − 2�2
Guidelines for solving optimization problems:
𝑑�/𝑑�=1600−4�
1. Identify all given quantities and quantities to be
𝑑�/𝑑�= 0 (largest area)
determined.
2. Make a sketch and label the quantities. 1600−4�=0
3. Write a primary equation for the quantity that is to 4�=1600
be maximized or minimized. � = 1600/4 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎�
4. Reduce the primary equation to one having a single �=1600−2�=1600−2400=𝟖𝟎𝟎�
independent variable. 𝑨�𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝟒𝟎𝟎� 𝒃� 𝟖𝟎𝟎�
5. Determine the feasible domain of the primary
equation. A rectangular field is to been closed by a fence and divided
6. Determine the desired maximum or minimum value into three lots by fences parallel to one of the sides. Find the
by using calculus techniques. dimensions of the largest field that can been closed with 800
feet of fencing.
Find two numbers whose sum is 30, and the sum of whose
squares is a minimum. 𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆�: �=800�𝑡
𝑹𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆�: 𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛�𝑖�𝑛�
𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆�:�=30 𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐�: �=6�+4 �=800
𝑹𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆�:𝑡𝑤� 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟�
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐�:

� = 30 = � + �
� = 30 − �
�� = �2 + �2
�� = �2 + (30−�)2

𝑑��/𝑑� = 2� + 230 − �−1=4�−60


� = 200−3/2�
𝑑��/𝑑�=0 (𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 �𝑢𝑚 �� �𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒�)
� = 3�� = 3� (200−3/2�)
4� – 60 = 0; 4� = 60
� = 600�−9/2�2
�=𝟏�
𝑑�/𝑑� = 600 − 9�
� = 30 – � = 30 −15 = 𝟏� 𝑑�/𝑑� = 0 (𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒�𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎)
600−9�=0
𝑨�𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓𝒔:𝟏�𝒂��𝟏� 9�=600; �=600/9=200/3; 3� =𝟐𝟎𝟎𝒇𝒕
A farmer has 1600 meters of fencing and wants to fence off a � = 200−3/2� = �=200 − 3/2 (200/3) = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒇𝒕 𝑨�𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒇𝒕 �
rectangular field that borders a straight river. He needs no 𝟐𝟎𝟎𝒇𝒕
fence along the river. What are the dimensions of the field A box is to be made of a piece of card board 18x12 inches by
that has the largest area? cutting equal squares out of the corners and turning up the
𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆�:�=1600𝑚 sides. Find the volume of the largest box that can be made in
𝑹𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆�: 𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛�𝑖�𝑛� this way.

𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆�: 18𝑖𝑛 � 12𝑖𝑛 cardboard


𝑹𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆�: 𝑣�𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐�:
� = 2� + � = 1600; � = 1600 − 2�

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𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐�:
�=𝐿�𝑊�� = � (12−2�) (18−2�)
�=216�−60�2+4�3
𝑑�/𝑑� = 216 −120� + 12�2
𝑑�/𝑑� = 0 (𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒�𝑡 𝑣�𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒)
216 − 120� + 12�2 = 0
�2 − 10� + 18 = 0
� = 5+ √7 = 7.65 𝑖𝑛 (𝑎𝑏�𝑢𝑟𝑑)
�=�−√�=𝟐.𝟑�𝒊�
By similar triangles:
�=216(�−√�) −60 (�−√�) 2+4(�−�) 3
�=𝟐𝟐𝟖.𝟏𝟔𝒊�𝟑
𝑨�𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓:𝟐𝟐𝟖.𝟏𝟔𝒊�𝟑

A rectangular page is to contain 40 square inches of print. The


margins at the top and bottom of the page are to be 2 inches
and the margins on the left and right are to be 1 inch. What
should the dimensions of the page be so that the least
amount of paper issued? 8/12 = �/ (12−�)
� = 8/12 (12−�) = 8 – 2/3�
� = �� = � (8−2/3�)
� = 8� – 2/3 �2
𝑑�/𝑑� = 8 – 4/3� 𝑑�/𝑑� = 0 (𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒�𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎)
8 – 4/3� = 0
4/3� = 8; � = 6�𝑡
�= 8−2/3� = 8 – 2/3(6)
� = 4�𝑡
� = �� = 64 = 𝟐𝟒𝒇𝒕𝟐
𝑨�𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓:𝟐𝟒𝒇𝒕2

A man in a row boat 6 miles from shore desires to reach a


point on the shore at a distance of 10 miles from his present
position. If he can walk 4 miles per hour and row 2 miles per
hour, in what direction should he row in order to reach his
destination in the shortest possible time?
𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆�: 𝑑�/𝑑𝑡 = 4𝑚𝑖/ℎ𝑟, 𝑑�/𝑑𝑡 = 2𝑚𝑖/ℎ𝑟
𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆�: �𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 40 𝑖𝑛2 𝑹𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆�: 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖�𝑛 ℎ𝑒 �ℎ�𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑟�𝑤
𝑹𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆�: 𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑛�𝑖�𝑛�
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐�: �𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑡 = 40 =��
� = 40/�
� = (�+2) (�+4)
� = (40/�+2) (�+4)
� = 48 + 160/� + 2�
𝑑�/𝑑� = − 160/�2 + 2
𝑑�/𝑑� = 0 (𝑙𝑒𝑎�𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎)
−160/�2 + 2 = 0
160/�2 = 2
2�2 = 160
� = √160/2 = √80 = 𝟒�𝒊�
� = 40/� = 40/4√5 = 𝟐�𝒊�
𝑨�𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝟒+𝟒√� 𝒊�𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒔 𝒃� 𝟐+𝟐√�𝒊�𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒔

A triangle has a base 12 feet long and an altitude 8feet high.


Find the area of the largest rectangle that can be inscribed in
the triangle so that the base of the rectangle falls on the base
of the triangle.
𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆�: 𝑏𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 12f𝑡 ℎ𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 = 8�𝑡
𝑹𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆�: � 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐�: � =��
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𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐�:
𝐵��𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒�:

Find the altitude of the cylinder of maximum volume which


can be inscribed in a right circular cone of radius 4 feet and
height 10 feet.

𝑮𝒊𝒗𝒆�: 𝑟𝑐�𝑛𝑒 = 4�𝑡; ℎ𝑐�𝑛𝑒 = 10�𝑡


𝑹𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆�: ℎ𝑐�𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟

This study source was downloaded by 100000830114917 from CourseHero.com on 03-21-2023 01:43:57 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/133959901/Calculus-Module-Lesson-5docx/
References
Larson, R. & Edwards, B. (2019). Calculus. Cengage Learning
Asia Pte Ltd.
Stewart, J. (2018). Calculus: International Metric Edition.
Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd.
Love, C. & Rainville, E. (1969). Differential and Integral
Calculus (6thEd.). The Macmillan Company. Peterson, T.
(1964). Calculus with Analytic Geometry. Ken Incorporated.

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https://www.coursehero.com/file/133959901/Calculus-Module-Lesson-5docx/
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