ASP

ASPS Conference Proceedings 1: 983-989 (2022)

Proceedings of
12th Structural Engineering Convention
Convention-An International Event (SEC 2022)

Available at https://asps-journals.com/index.php/acp

Seismic Analysis of RCC Building with Different Shape of Shear Wall and Without
Shear Wall

Bush 1, *, Anoop I. Shirkol2,J.S. Sruthi 3,

R.C.Bush
1
Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur Rajasthan, India
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur Rajasthan, India
3
M.Tech Department of Civil Engineering, Vit University, Chennai, India

Paper ID - 060529

Abstract

Shear walls are earthquake-resistant

resistant structural components used in structures at different locations to resist lateral loads. Shear walls possess
large in-plane stiffness
iffness that aids in the resistance of lateral loads. In this study, dynamic analysis was carried out on a (B+G+26) storey bu
building
and the outcome is studied for varying locations of shear walls. The models considered have been analysed and modelled using FEM integrated
software ETABS wherein the models are assumed to be present in the seismic zone IV of INDIA as per IS1893 IS1893-2016. The models are regular in
plan and are assumed to be on type -II II (i.e., medium soil). The observations made post analysis through the response spectrum method conclude
that a regular structure with uniformly placed shear walls at the centre performs better in comparison to structures without shear walls or
structures with other positions of shear walls. The result parameters such as storey drift, storey displacement, storey stiffness, time period and
base reactions of the models are compared.

Keywords:: Shear wall, ETABS, Natural time period, Storey displacement, Base shear, Storey drift

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1. Introduction to widen the possible locations of shear walls in a structure.

A G+26 storey building has been modeled with various
An earthquake can be defined as the shaking of the ground possible locations of shear walls
w and analyzed using the
caused by the sudden release of energy [1] [1]. The vibration response spectrum method to understand the effect of the
generated plays a vital role the in design and analysis of position of shear walls in different seismic parameters.
earthquake-resistant
resistant structures. There are several methods to
reduce the impact of an earthquake on structures.
Earthquake imparts both lateral and vertical forces on a 1.1 ShearWall
structure. Designing an earthquake-resistant
resistant structure is of
A shear wall is a structural component capable of resisting
higher importance to dissipate
pate forces. The ultimate goal of lateral and gravity loads (Earthquake and Wind
Wi loads). Shear
an earthquake-resistant
resistant structure is to provide adequate walls are vertical structural members provided along the
stiffness and strength to prevent inelastic deformations
deformations[2]. height of the building. The thickness of the shear wall usually
The greater the height of the structure, greater the lateral varies between 150 mm to 400 mm[4].The
mm significant value
load acting on the structure and lesser the stiffness[3]. In of the thickness of the shear wall to be provided entirely
order to tackle this situation, certain elements are added to depends
pends upon various factors such as –the number of story,
thermal insulation and design period[5].
period RCC shear wall has
the structure such as cross braces, moment resisting frames
higher in-plane
plane stiffness in comparison with out-of-plane
out
and shear walls.The The importance of shear walls is well stiffness. Hence they can resist huge horizontal loads and can
explained in this paper. Shear walls are placed based on the also resist vertical
al loads along the direction of the orientation
center
enter of mass and center of gravity of a structure. There are of the wall [6].. The above attribute of shear walls serves to
very few research papers available to understand the effect be advantageous in many structures and can possibly reduce
of shear walls in different locations of a building. However, the risk of damage to the structure. Shear walls offer
extensive lateral stiffness to the structure thus preventing the
it has been noted in past research papers that the available
roofs and floors from excessive side sway movements
locations for
or the placement of shear walls in a structure are
very limited. An attempt has been made in the current study
*Corresponding author. Tel: ++919664105045; EE-mail address: 2021rce9516@mnit.ac.in
Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention (SEC 2022), NCDMM, MNIT Jaipur, India| 19 19-22
22 December, 2022
© 2022 The authors. Published by Alwaha Scientific Publishing Services, ASPS. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.
Published online: December 19, 2022
doi:10.38208/acp.v1.610
 Bush et al. / ASPS Conference Proceedings 1: 983-989 (2022)

structure. The respective researcher modeled three G+20

storied structures with shear walls placed uniformly at the
corners on both ends and the same model with shear walls
place only at one side of the building. The author concluded
that placing the shear walls in a certain way so as to establish
uniformity in stiffness reduces the storey displacement,
storey drift and torsion in a building thus improving the
resistance of a building towards seismic loads. In addition to
stiffening the buildings, shear walls can reduce the impact of
axial forces too. A theoretical study conducted by Dipika
[11] to find the optimum location of the shear wall concludes
that the central core shear walls placed symmetrically reduce
the storey displacement in a building up to 95% in a regular
building. Core type shear walls are more popular in modern
Fig.1. Illustration of the Champlain tower after its collapse
days for the provision of lifts that provide additional stability
[4].
to the structure [12]. However, a study conducted by
GokhanTunc[13] shows that the structural performance
1.2 Advantage of shear wall during a seismic event is increased when the shear walls are
placed in a symmetric manner farther away from the
Shear walls offer certain advantages to the structure.
geometric center.
Addition of shear walls in a structure can reduce sway during
earthquakes by increasing the stiffness and stability of a
3. Objectives of the Study
structure. Figure.1 shows a partially collapsed structure
called Champlain towers. The structure situated in Florida  The purpose of this study is to evaluate a B+G+26-
collapsed on 24th June 2021 due to the weakening of the story structure with a different shape of shear wall
reinforcements. Corrosion of the failed reinforcements profiles installed at various location.
occurred due to the long term penetration of water from the  The purpose of this shear wall analysis is to
swimming pool present in one of the floors. A certain portion determine the best placement and form for the
of the structure failed while the other half had no visible proposed building model.
damages. Upon observation it was found that the portion  To compare factors including base shear, natural
without damages has shear wall installed that may be Period, store shear, store displacement, and store
responsible for extra stability. The collapse of Champlain drift.
towers is a great case study to show the importance of shear
walls[7]. Shear walls are capable of resisting lateral and Table.1 Analysis Data
powerful torsional forces that can rip a structure apart.
Floor Area 35.5 X 35.5
2. Literature Review No of Story in the structure B1+G+26
Height of a single storey 3m
Khadri[7] researched on different shapes of shear wall at
Column size (1 to 5th storey) 750*750 (mm)
various locations in a structure subjected to seismic loads.
Column size ( 6th to 15th storey) 650*650 (mm)
The conclusion states that the optimum positions of shear
Column size (16th to 26th storey) 600*600 (mm)
wall are the intermediate position (core shear wall) and
around the periphery of the building.The performance of a Beam size (1st to 12th storey) 500*600 (mm)
structure with shear wall subjected to seismic loads was well Beam size (13th to 26th storey) 400*600 (mm)
elaborated by the researcher Hosseini [8]. The study Slab Thickness 200 mm
conducted by the above researcher included rigid framed, Wall Thickness 230 mm
wall framed and couple framed structures. Interestingly, the Zone IV
walls not designed for seismic performance did not collapse Soil Type II
due to well distributed reinforcements. Tarigan[9] researched Importance Factor 1.2
on the impact impaled in a structure when position of shear Response Reduction factor 5
wall is different. The author further observed the change in Table.2. Loading data on building
parameters such structure drift, axial load and displacement
when different shapes of shear walls are added to a structure. Floor Finish 3kN/m2
The study shows that the member forces increases when Floor Finish on the Roof 4kN/m2
shear walls are placed farthest from the center of gravity. The Live Load on floors 4kN/m2
above-mentioned position causes high eccentricity, an Live load on roofs 1.5kN/m2
increase in non-uniform movement of the building due to Wall Load on the floor beam 15kN/m
excessive torsion and member forces. The study conducted Wall Load on the roof beam 5kN/m
Shaik Akhil Pratap [10] emphasizes the importance of
distributing shear walls symmetrically based on a careful
observation of center of mass and center of stiffness of a

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4. Modeling & Analysis of the Structure

For the purpose of this research, ETABS is used to create a

model of a 26-story skyscraper with 3-meter-high floors
[14]. Location Delhi is considered to be in seismic zone IV,
the models are considered to be permanently fixed in the
base. One bare frame model and six models with varying
shapes and placements of shear walls are explored in this
research. Compare factors including base shear, natural
Period, store shear, store displacement, and store drift.

4.1 Modelling Fig.3. Plan of Structure Z- Shape shear Wall (Model2)

In this study, six different shapes of shear walls with 6

different locations are taken into consideration. The
orientation and shapes of shear walls implemented in this
study is shown in Figure 2 to Figure 8. The floor area of the
models is 35.5 X 35.5 m2. The concrete grade is M-35, and
the reinforcing grade is Fe-415. The respective thicknesses
of slabs and walls are 200 mm and 230 mm. The importance
and response reduction factor are taken to be 1.2 and 5.
Columns and beams used in the models are given in Table.1.
The gravity loads applied on the building such as live load,
floor finish, wall load, etc. is given in Table.2

4.2 Analysis method Fig.4. Plan of Structure T- Shape shear Wall (Model3)
According to the Indian Code IS1893:2016, the dynamic
method is a mandatory analysis procedure that needs to be
performed in a structure if the height of the building exceeds
15 meters or if the structure is located in Zone IV [15]. Both
the response spectrum method and the time history method
are suitable for dynamic analysis. In this paper, a G+26-story
skyscraper was evaluated in this study using the response
spectrum technique. Maximum response versus the natural
frequency of a single-degree-of-freedom system is
graphically represented in what is known as the system's
response spectrum. The response spectrum approach is used
to determine the building's design parameters such as storey
displacement and member forces, based on smooth design Fig.5. Plan of Structure Plus- Shape shear Wall (Model 4)
spectra.The primary limitation of response spectrum analyses
is that they can only be applied to linear systems in general
[16].

Fig.2. Plan of Structure Box- Shape shear Wall (Model 1) Fig.6. Plan of Structure L- Shape shear Wall (Model 5)

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5.2 Storey Drift Ratio

Storeydrift is defined as the difference in displacement

among two successive stories divided by the height of a
single storey. The values obtained post-analysis are
represented in graphs shown in Figure.11 and 12. The above
figures show that the provision of shear walls reduces storey
drift. The maximum storey drift obtained in the X direction
is the least in the case of the T-shaped shear wall in
comparison with the other models considered. Similarly, in
the case of Y direction, the lease value for maximum storey
Fig.7.Plan of Structure Side Shear Wall (Model 6) drift is found in the plus-shaped shear wall model.

26
24
22
20
18

S to re y N u m b e r
16
14

Fig.8. Plan of Structure Without shear Wall (Model 7) 12

10 Plus Shape
5. Results and Discussion 8 Box Shape
L Shape
6
5.1 Displacement T Shape
4 Z Shape
The displacement values obtained from analysis for all the 7 2 Without Shear Wall
models and maximum displacement for all the models is Side Wall
0
shown in Figure.9 and Figure 10. It can be noted from the
graphs that the provision of shear walls reduces the 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
displacement in a building during an earthquake. In the case
of X direction, the least displacement is found in the T- Displacement (mm)
shaped shear wall model. In the case of Y direction, the least
displacement is found in the plus-shaped shear wall model Fig.10. Comparison of storeydisplacement in Y direction

26
24
26
22 Plus Shape
24 Box Shape
20 L Shape
22 T Shape
18
20 Z Shape
Without shear wall
Storey N um ber

16
18 Side Wall
14
Storey Number

16
12 14
10 Plus Shape
12
Box Shape
8 10
L Shape
6 8
T Shape
4 6
Z Shape
2 Without Shear Wall 4

0 Side Wall 2
0
0 20 40 60 80
0.0000 0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.0010 0.0012 0.0014 0.0016
Displacement (mm)
Drift Ratio
Fig.9. Comparison of storey displacement in X direction
Fig.11. Comparison of storey drift in X direction

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5.3 Storey Stiffness 26

24 Plus Shape
Box Shape
22
The graphs plotted for storey stiffness for all 7 models are L Shape
represented in Figure.13 and 14. It can be inferred from the 20
T Shape
graphs that the storey stiffness is highest in the case of T- 18 Z Shape
shaped shear wall model under X direction. Similarly, the

Storey Number
16 Without Shear Wall
storey stiffness is found to be the highest in the plus-shaped 14 Side Wall
shear wall under Y direction. The bare framed model 12
without shear wall has the least storey stiffness among all 10
the models considered. 8
6
4
2
26 0
Plus Shape
24 Box Shape
L Shape
0 2000000 4000000 6000000 8000000 10000000
22
T Shape Storey Stiffness (kN/m)
20 Z Shape
18 Without Shear Wall
Side Wall Fig.14. Comparison of Storey Stiffness inY direction
Storey Number

16
14
5.4 Base Shear for all Seven Buildings
12
10 Table.3 shows the base shear for all the models. With the
8 help of the above table, base shear is found to be the highest
6
in the Z-shaped shear wall model and the lowest in the bare
4
framed model. The inference made from the above table is
2
as follows- The stiffness and mass of the Z-shaped shear
model are comparatively higher among all the models and
0
the bare framed model possesses very less stiffness and
0.00000 0.00025 0.00050 0.00075 0.00100 0.00125 0.00150 0.00175 mass.
Drift Ratio
5.5 Modal Time Period
Fig.12. Comparison of story drift ratio in Y direction
Table.3shows the natural time period values obtained for all
26 models. It can be inferred the time period obtained for Z-
Plus Shape shaped shear model is the least in comparison with the other
24
Box Shape models. A lower time period results in lesser displacement
22 and is invariably due to higher stiffness. Similarly bare
L Shape
20
T Shape framed model has the highest time period due to the least
18 Z Shape stiffness.
Storey Number

16 Without Shear Wall

14 Side Wall 8000 X
6473.3665

12 Y
6309.011

7000
6173.68
5830.0633

6053.36
5865.59

5521.2308
5462.2195

10
5403.6973

5356.0548
5316.1298

5061.3884
5060.6319

6000
5022.274

8
Base Shear (kN)

6 5000

4
4000
2
3000
0

0 2000000 4000000 6000000 8000000 10000000 2000

Storey Stiffness (kN/m) 1000

0
Fig.13. Comparison of Storey Stiffness inX direction Plus Shape Box Shape L Shape Z Shape T Shape Without Side Wall
Shear wall
Building Types
Fig15. Base shear for all models

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Table.3. Modal Time period

BOX SHAPE Z SHAPE T- SHAPE QUADREN T L SHAPE SIDE WITHOUT SHEAR
SHAPE WALL WALL
CASE MODE Period Period Period Period Period Period Period
(sec) (sec) (sec) (sec) (sec) (sec) (sec)
Modal 1 3.417 3.409 3.564 3.751 3.812 3.936 4.706
Modal 2 3.394 3.289 3.277 3.096 3.664 3.693 4.591
Modal 3 2.813 2.589 2.731 2.471 2.853 3.259 4.201
Modal 4 1.015 0.983 1.092 1.101 1.126 1.207 1.616
Modal 5 0.982 0.925 0.901 0.877 1.093 1.151 1.583
Modal 6 0.819 0.71 0.792 0.705 0.821 1.023 1.463
Modal 7 0.494 0.471 0.548 0.531 0.545 0.612 0.918
Modal 8 0.471 0.434 0.41 0.408 0.532 0.586 0.904
Modal 9 0.394 0.329 0.376 0.33 0.385 0.528 0.844
Modal 10 0.296 0.289 0.338 0.321 0.328 0.376 0.647

6. Conclusion References
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