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    PH Meter

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    Walter
    The document discusses pH meters and how they are used to measure pH. It describes pH as a measure of hydrogen ions in a solution on a scale of 0-14. A pH meter works by measuring the potential difference between a glass and reference electrode when placed in a solution. The key components of a pH meter are the glass electrode, reference electrode, and high input meter. To use it, the pH meter must be calibrated with buffer solutions and then the electrodes are placed in the test solution to take a reading. Common pH indicators are also mentioned.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    PH Meter

    Uploaded by

    Walter
    90 views3 pages
    The document discusses pH meters and how they are used to measure pH. It describes pH as a measure of hydrogen ions in a solution on a scale of 0-14. A pH meter works by measuring the potential difference between a glass and reference electrode when placed in a solution. The key components of a pH meter are the glass electrode, reference electrode, and high input meter. To use it, the pH meter must be calibrated with buffer solutions and then the electrodes are placed in the test solution to take a reading. Common pH indicators are also mentioned.

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    13. pH Meter

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    The document discusses pH meters and how they are used to measure pH. It describes pH as a measure of hydrogen ions in a solution on a scale of 0-14. A pH meter works by measuring the potential difference between a glass and reference electrode when placed in a solution. The key components of a pH meter are the glass electrode, reference electrode, and high input meter. To use it, the pH meter must be calibrated with buffer solutions and then the electrodes are placed in the test solution to take a reading. Common pH indicators are also mentioned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    90 views3 pages

    PH Meter

    Uploaded by

    Walter
    The document discusses pH meters and how they are used to measure pH. It describes pH as a measure of hydrogen ions in a solution on a scale of 0-14. A pH meter works by measuring the potential difference between a glass and reference electrode when placed in a solution. The key components of a pH meter are the glass electrode, reference electrode, and high input meter. To use it, the pH meter must be calibrated with buffer solutions and then the electrodes are placed in the test solution to take a reading. Common pH indicators are also mentioned.

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    13 pH Meter

    pH
     pH is the measure of the level of acid or base in a solution
     It is the measure of the number of hydrogen ions in a solution.
     pH is a unit of measure which describes the degree of acidity or alkalinity of
    a solution
     It is measured on a scale of zero to 14
    pH measurement
    It is done by two methods: pH paper and pH meter

    pH meter
    It is electrometric determination of pH.
    Principle:
    When a glass membrane separates two different solutions having different pH, a
    potential difference is found to be present between the surfaces of the glass. The
    potential is measured against a standard calomel electrode
    pH measurement

    Measurement system consists of three parts


    1. pH measuring electrode
    2. Reference electrode
    3. High input meter

    Parts of pH meter:
     Potentiometer
     Reference calomel electrode: It has metallic mercury in contact with
    mercuric chloride in
    potassium chloride
    solution.
     Glass electrode: It is a
    bulb of special glass,
    which is filled with some
    standard electrolytes such
    as 0.1 N HCl in contact
    with a suitable metallic
    electrode.
     Solution of known pH.
    Operation of pH Meter:
    pH meter is turned on 15 minutes prior to use and then it is calibrated with
    reference buffers. Then the electrodes are dipped on the test solution for 30
    seconds and the reading is taken.
    The glass electrodes should be carefully washed after each pH determination.

    Preparation of Buffer:

    Phosphate Buffer:
    Aim: To prepare 200ml of Phosphate buffer and determine the pH using pH meter

    Importance: Buffers are used to prepare buffered substrates which are required for
    the determination of enzyme in various specimens. Phosphate buffer (M/15, pH
    7.45) is used for the preparation of buffered substrates of SGPT and SGOT
    enzymes.

    Requirements:
    i. Disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPo4, 2H2O)
    ii. Potassium dihydrogenphosphate (KH2PO4)
    iii. Analytical balance
    iv. Beakers
    v. Magnetic stirrer
    vi. pH meter
    vii. standard pH buffer solution of pH 4.0 and 7.0

    Procedure:
    1. Weigh 2.36 gms (M/15) of Na2HPO4. Place in 250ml beaker. Add about
    150ml distilled water. Mix by using a glass rod or a magnetic stirrer
    2. Add 1.8gms (M/15) KH2PO4, in the solution ‘1’ and after dissolving, make
    upto200ml by using distilled water.

    Note:
     If pH of the solution is > 7.45, use few drops of N/10 HCl to adjust pH to
    7.5
     For pH < 7.45, use N/10 NaOH to adjust pH to 7.45

    Determination of pH using pH meter:


     Turn on and warm up the pH meter for 15 minutes.
     Bring all the solutions to room temperature
     Check the standard by reading the standard solution
     If necessary, adjust the pH meter scale pointer to “zero” by the control knob
     Measure the pH of standard buffer solution and note the reading
     Read or measure the unknown buffer solution and note the reading

    pH indicators
     These solutions may be regarded as weak organic acids or bases whose
    unionized molecules exhibit one color whereas their anions and cations possess
    a different color
     In a solution they dissociate as follows
    o H indicator = H++indicator
     Example 1:
    o Phenolphthalein
    o pH =8.3 -10
    o Color change: colorless to pink
     Example 2
    o Methyl orange
    o PH = 3.0 -4.4
    o Color change red to yellow

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