Review English Text

Name: Nafisa Nur Zaima
Student ID: 134210207
Class: PA-G
1. Summary of textbook
The book has three parts: Introductory Topics, Biological Foundations of Plant Breeding, and
Modern Plant Breeding. Part I, Introductory Topics. Darwinian evolutionary changes which
occur during cultivation, and to the origins of agriculture. In the third chapter, he describes
evolution during domestication, discussing when the first selection pressure was applied to
wild plants and what brings them to cultivation. In chapter 4, the author focuses on mating
and reproductive systems, which are important in determining the methods of breeding for
three main groups of plants (self-pollinated plants, cross-pollinated plants, and vegetatively
reproducing plants). Chapter 5 surveys the major effects of mating systems, genetic linkage,
and epistasis for the improvement of cultivated plants factors that are so important for
selection and successful plant breeding.
Part II, Biological Foundations of Plant Breeding. In the second part, the author discusses the
genetic principles of Mendelian inheritance on which plant breeding is based (chapter 6).
Further, he covers Mendelian segregation and recombination (chapter 7), continuous
variation, and biometrical methods (chapter 8). Improving adaptedness duri ng the evolution
of cultivated corn during long-term experiments lasting more than one hundred generations is
discussed in chapter 9. Genetic markers in relation to adaptedness in nature and in the
cultivation of plants are discussed in chapters 10 and 11.
Part III, Modern Plant Breeding, In chapter 12, the author again stresses the importance of
mating/reproductive systems for breeding plants of particular species. In chapters 13–15, he
describes methods in the modern breeding of self-pollinated plants, outcrossing plants, and
clonal propagated plants. Breeding hybrid varieties of self-propagated plants that are clonally
propagated in nature is described in chapter 16. Breeding for low input agriculture is a new
agenda in agricultural production and plant breeding because 1.4 billion people worldwide
still depend on subsistence agriculture, which is 60% of total global agriculture, producing
only 15–20% of the world’s food. This chapter is concerned largely with taking advantage of
favorable genotype environment interactions in low-input agriculture for increasing
productivity. In conclusion, it may be said that the second edition of the Principles of Plant
Breeding includes many aspects of biological sciences and technology that are extremely
important in developing more useful plants for today’s world. The glossary and indexes at the
end of the book are useful and this book is highly recommended for students, as well as for
plant breeding professionals all over the world.
2. Analyze journal
Abstract: The apricot is considered as one of the most delicious temperate fruit, a highly
appreciated stone fruit and a valuable raw material for processing. The Republic of Serbia
is one of the leading apricot producers in Southeast Europe, but the assortment is limited
by a small number of cultivars harvested, mostly in the ripening season of "Magyar
kajszi". In order to introduce the most suitable cultivars in the production, having high
yield and high quality for consumption and various forms of processing, introduced and
domestic cultivars have been intensively studied. In Serbia, apricots are mostly marketed
fresh and processed for jams and spirits, but demand for high-quality dried fruits is
increasing. To preserve the nutritional and sensory quality of fresh apricots, choosing the
best drying technique is significant, and the most preferred technique is the reduction of
moisture through convective drying. The aim of the paper was to compare the potential of
the apricot cultivars "Magyar kajszi". "Novosadska rodna", "NS-4 and "NS-6" for dried
fruit production by two-phase technology combined smotic and convective drying, as well
as the profitability of apricot drying on small family farms. Cultivars "NS-4" and
"Novosadska rodna" were found to be suitable for combined drying technology. The
highest score in the sensory evaluation of the dried apricots was given to "NS-4", and then
to "Novosadska rodna" The results indicate that the combined osmotic and convective
drying of apricot rather than selling fresh fruits can be a profitable and important added
value el for small family farms.

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Name: Nafisa Nur Zaima

Student ID: 134210207

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