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    Ohm's Law

    Uploaded by

    Daniel Madulu Charles
    This document provides lesson notes on Ohm's Law and electrical circuits for a first year electrical installation course. It defines Ohm's Law, which relates current, voltage, and resistance in a circuit. It also explains that resistance produces heat in a conductor, and that power is the rate at which energy is supplied to a circuit. Power can be calculated using the formula P=IV, where P is power in watts, I is current in amps, and V is voltage. Common units for measuring electrical power and energy are also defined.

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    Ohm's Law

    Uploaded by

    Daniel Madulu Charles
    13 views4 pages
    This document provides lesson notes on Ohm's Law and electrical circuits for a first year electrical installation course. It defines Ohm's Law, which relates current, voltage, and resistance in a circuit. It also explains that resistance produces heat in a conductor, and that power is the rate at which energy is supplied to a circuit. Power can be calculated using the formula P=IV, where P is power in watts, I is current in amps, and V is voltage. Common units for measuring electrical power and energy are also defined.

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    This document provides lesson notes on Ohm's Law and electrical circuits for a first year electrical installation course. It defines Ohm's Law, which relates current, voltage, and resistance in a circuit. It also explains that resistance produces heat in a conductor, and that power is the rate at which energy is supplied to a circuit. Power can be calculated using the formula P=IV, where P is power in watts, I is current in amps, and V is voltage. Common units for measuring electrical power and energy are also defined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    13 views4 pages

    Ohm's Law

    Uploaded by

    Daniel Madulu Charles
    This document provides lesson notes on Ohm's Law and electrical circuits for a first year electrical installation course. It defines Ohm's Law, which relates current, voltage, and resistance in a circuit. It also explains that resistance produces heat in a conductor, and that power is the rate at which energy is supplied to a circuit. Power can be calculated using the formula P=IV, where P is power in watts, I is current in amps, and V is voltage. Common units for measuring electrical power and energy are also defined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    TRADE: ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

    LEVEL: I (FIRST YEAR)

    Module: 4. BUILDING SIMPLE ELECTRIC CIRCUIT

    Unit: 4.1 CONSTRUCT RESISTIVE CIRCUIT (OHM’S LAW)

    Lesson notes
    OHM’S LAW.

    The relationship between current, voltage, and resistance is given by


    Ohm’s law. This law states that the amount of current passing
    through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across the
    conductor and inversely proportional to the resistance of the
    conductor. Ohm’s law can be expressed as an equation, V = IR, where V
    is the difference in volts between two locations (called the potential
    difference), I is the amount of current in amperes that is flowing between
    these two points, and R is the resistance in ohms of the conductor between
    the two locations of interest. V = IR can also be written R = V/I and I =
    V/R. If any two of the quantities are known, the third can be calculated.
    For example, if a potential difference of 110 volts sends a 10-ampere
    current through a conductor, then the resistance of the conductor is R =
    V/I = 110/10 = 11 ohms. If V = 110 and R = 11, then I = V/R = 110/11 =
    10 amperes.

    Under normal conditions, resistance is constant in conductors made of


    metal. If the voltage is raised to 220 in the example above, then R is still
    11. The current I will be doubled, however, since I = V/R = 220/11 = 20
    amp.

    HEAT AND POWER.

    A conductor’s resistance to electric current produces heat. The greater the


    current passing through the conductor, the greater the heat. Also, the
    greater the resistance, the greater the heat. A current of I ampere passing
    through a resistance of R ohms for t seconds generates an amount of heat
    equal to I2Rt joules (a joule is a unit of energy equal to 0.239 calorie,
    while a calorie (cal) is usually specified as the amount of heat required to
    raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1° C).

    1
    Energy is required to drive an electric current through a resistance. This
    energy is supplied by the source of the current, such as a battery or an
    electric generator. The rate at which energy is supplied to a device is
    called power, and it is often measured in units called watts. In other
    words, Power is the rate of doing work. The Electrical power (P) supplied
    by a current of I ampere passing through a resistance of R ohms is given
    by P = I2R.

    Also, when 1ampere is flowing through the circuit with a pressure of


    1volt the power of 1watt is consumed. In direct current circuit the Power
    can be found by multiplying the pressure in volts by the current in
    amperes. Therefore

    P = V x I (This is the fundamental Power equation).

    The most common mechanical unit for power is the HORSE POWER
    (HP). It was determined by experiments that the average Horse could
    work at the rate of 746W. For expressing large amount of electric Power
    other terms are sometimes used.

    1kilowatt (kW) = 1000W or 103W

    1Megawatt (MW) = 1,000,000W or 106W

    1Horsepower (HP) = 746W.

    The energy consumed in the circuit is measured in Watt-Hour. Therefore


    1W used for 1hour is equal to 1watt-hour. And 1000watts used for 1hour
    is equal to 1kilowatt-hour (kW/H).
    By combining ohm’s law with the fundamental Power equation, other
    equations can be developed as shown below.

    2
    3

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