NR 428 DTO R01 E

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS ON BOARD
OFFSHORE UNITS AND

INSTALLATIONS
Rule Note
NR 428 DTO R01 E

April 1998
Bureau Veritas Marine Division General Conditions apply, as given in next pages.
Note: this document is a complement to Rules for Classification and is intended to be used
in cases and conditions specified within these Rules; the requirements of this document are
applicable, in these conditions, to units or installations for which the contract of
construction is signed 3 months after the publication date of this Rule Note; however, the
Society may refer to the contents hereof, as and when necessary or appropriate.
Outside the scope of Classification, contents of this document, unless otherwise
specified, will be considered as requirements for Certification by Bureau Veritas.
Bureau Veritas decline any responsibilities or liabilities for consequences which may
result from the application of this document outside above mentioned cases and
conditions.
MARINE DIVISION GENERAL CONDITIONS
ARTICLE 1 4.1. The Rules, Guidance Notes and other documents
1.1. BUREAU VERITAS is a Society, the purpose of published by the Society endeavour to meet the state of
whose Marine Division is the classification of vessels, sea currently available technology at the time they are published.
and river units, offshore structures and craft of all kinds, Committees, consisting of personalities from the
collectively hereinafter referred to as "ships". International Maritime Industry, contribute to the development
The Society : of these documents.
- sets forth and develops Rules, Guidance Notes and The Society is not responsible for any inadequacy or
other documents; failure of such Rules, Guidance Notes or other documents as
- publishes Registers; a result of future development of techniques which could not
- issues Certificates, Attestations and Reports reasonably have been foreseen at the time of their
following its interventions. publications.
1.2. BUREAU VERITAS also participates in the application 4.2. BUREAU VERITAS is sole qualified to decide upon the
of National or International Regulations or Standards, in meaning, the interpretation and application of the documents
particular, by delegation from different Governments. mentioned above. Any reference to them is of no value if it
does not involve, accompany or follow a Society's
1.3. BUREAU VERITAS can also carry out Technical intervention.
Assistance missions and provide special services exceeding
the scope of classification, to which Particular Conditions will 4.3. The Society exercises due care and skill and acts in
then apply. a professional and workmanlike manner :
- in the selection of its surveyors,
1.4. BUREAU VERITAS is neither, and may not be - in the performance of its services, considering the
considered as, an underwriter, Consulting Engineer, Naval state of currently available technology at the time the
Architect, Shipbuilder or a Shipowner, and cannot assume services are being performed.
the obligations incumbent on such functions, even through its
experience enables it to answer enquiries concerning 4.4. Surveys conducted by the Society include, but are
matters not covered by its Rules, Guidance Notes or other not limited to, visual inspections, non-destructive testing,
documents. laboratory testing and underwater inspection by divers.
Survey practices and procedures are selected by the Society
ARTICLE 2 in its sole and absolute discretion based on its experience
2.1. Classification is the expression of confidence given and knowledge and according to generally accepted
by the Society to a ship, for a particular use or service and professional standards in the Industry.
for a certain period of time, by reference to its Rules,
Guidance Notes and other documents: this opinion expresses ARTICLE 5
only the strict personal view of the Society. It is represented 5.1. No report, statement, notation on a plan,
by a class published in the Register. review, certificate of class or any document or
information issued or given as part of the services
2.2. The documents issued pursuant to surveys carried provided by the Society shall be given any legal effect
out by the Society's surveyors according to the methods and of implication other than a representation that the
modalities mentioned in Articles 3 and 4 reflect the condition ship, structure, item of material, equipment or
of the ship at the time of the survey. It is the Owner's or his machinery or any other item covered by such
Agent's responsibility to maintain that condition until the next document or information has met one or more of the
survey required by the Rules. Society's Rules. Any such representation is issued
solely for the use of the Society, its committees and
ARTICLE 3 clients or other duly authorized entities and for no
BUREAU VERITAS other purpose.
- appraises specifications and drawings for the
construction of ships by reference to its Rules, 5.2. The classing of a ship, or the issuance of certificate
- inspects materials, machinery, equipment, fittings and with relation to, or in furtherance of the classification of a
other items used in the construction of ships, by ship or the performance of services by the Society, is not a
reference to its Rules, representation, statement or warranty of seaworthiness,
- surveys the construction of ships to ensure that they structural integrity, quality or fitness for a particular purpose
are built in accordance with the Society's published or service of any ship, structure, material, equipment or
Rules, machinery surveyed by the Society, beyond any
- classes ships in accordance with its Rules and representation set forth in the Rules of the Society.
publishes the ship's names in its Register,
- carries out periodic surveys of ships in service in 5.3. Nothing contained herein, or in any
order to ensure that the requirements for the information, report, certificate or like document
specified class are met. It is the owner's duty to issued in connection with or pursuant to the
report to the Society any incident or event affecting performance by the Society of its services, shall be
the condition of the ship or the need for repairs, deemed to relieve any designer, naval architect or
whatever their nature or extent. engineer, builder, manufacturer, shipyard, seller,
supplier, contractor or subcontractor, repairer, or
ARTICLE 4 owner, operator or other entity from any warranty or
other contractual obligations express or implied or
from any fault whatsoever, nor to create any right, ARTICLE 8
claim or benefit in any third party. 8.1. Any intervention of BUREAU VERITAS, whatever its
In particular, the Society does not declare the nature, whether completed or interrupted for any cause
acceptance or commissioning of a ship; that being the whatsoever, shall involve the payment of fees upon receipt
exclusive responsibility of the owner. of the invoice and the reimbursement of the expenses
The validity, application, meaning and interpretation of a incurred. Interests may be demanded in case of late payment.
Classification Certificate or any similar document or
information issued by the Society in connection with, or in 8.2. The class of a ship may be withheld or, if granted,
furtherance of the performance of its services, is governed suspended or withdrawn, in the event of non-payment of
by Rules of the Society which shall be the sole judge thereon, fees.
in its absolute discretion.
ARTICLE 9
ARTICLE 6 9.1. All plans, drawings, specifications and information
6.1. In providing services, information or advice, provided to the Society, or of which the Society may become
neither the Society nor any of its servants or agents reasonably aware in connection with the performance of its
warrants the accuracy of any information or advice services, shall be treated as confidential by the Society and
supplied. Furthermore, all express and implied shall not, without the prior consent of the party furnishing
warranties are specifically disclaimed. Except as set such document, be used for any purpose other than that for
out herein, and also in the case of the surveys which they are furnished.
mentioned in Article 1.2., neither the Society, nor any
of its servants or agents, shall be liable for any loss, 9.2. Records and other documents whatsoever relating to
damage or expense of whatever nature sustained by ships classed with the Society shall not be disclosed or
any person, in tort or in contract, due to any act or communicated by the Society to any third party but with the
omission or error of whatever nature, whether or not prior approval of the owner, unless it is in pursuance of an
negligent, and howsoever caused in any information order of the flag authorities or an injunction of a Court having
or advice given in any way whatsoever by or on behalf jurisdiction.
of the Society.
ARTICLE 10
6.2. Nevertheless, if any person uses the Society's Should a technical disagreement arise between the
services, and suffers loss, damage or expense requesting party and the BUREAU VERITAS surveyor, the
thereby, which is proved to have been due to any Society may, at the request of that party, designate another
negligent act, omission or error of the Society, its of its surveyors.
servants or agents, or any negligent inaccuracy in
information or advice given by or on behalf of the ARTICLE 11
Society, then the Society will pay compensation to 11.1. Any dispute over the interpretation, or the
such person for his proved loss, up to, but not enforcement of these General Conditions except as
exceeding, five times the amount of the fee - if any - regards article 8, or the performance of BUREAU
charged by the Society for the particular service, VERITAS' services, shall be submitted to arbitration in
information or advice and, if no fee is charged, London. Arbitration proceedings will be conducted
FRF 50,000. according to the English law on arbitration. The
Where the fees are related to a number of arbitrator shall be selected by the parties and, in case
services, the amount of fees shall be apportioned for they could not reach an agreement, he would then be
the purpose of the calculation of the maximum nominated by the President of the Law Society of
compensation, by reference to the estimated time England and Wales upon request of any party.
involved in the performance of each service.
Any liability for consequential damages is 11.2 Disputes arising out of the enforcement of
specifically excluded. the provisions of the article 8 shall be submitted to
In any case, whatever the amount of the fees, the the Court of Nanterre - France.
maximum damages payable by the Society shall be
not more than FRF 5,000,000.
6.3. Any claim for damages of whatever nature by

virtue of the provisions set forth herein must be
made in writing, and notice must be provided to the
Society within three months of the date the services
were first supplied or the damages first discovered.
Failure to provide such notice within the time set
forth herein will constitute an absolute bar to the
pursuit of such claim against the Society.
ARTICLE 7
Requests for interventions shall, in principle, be submitted
in writing. They entail the acceptance without reservation, of
the present General Conditions and of Particular Conditions
which may be attached thereto.
CONTENTS
SECTION 1.  GENERAL ...............................................................................................................1
1.1. Scope - classification requirements............................................................................................ 1
1.2. National Authorities requirements .............................................................................................. 1
1.3. Units............................................................................................................................................ 1
1.4. General requirements................................................................................................................. 2
1.5. Conditions of operation............................................................................................................... 2
1.6. Protection index ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.7. Maximum voltage ....................................................................................................................... 6
1.8. Essential services........................................................................................................................ 6
SECTION 2.  DISTRIBUTION ......................................................................................................7

2.1. Distribution systems.................................................................................................................... 7
2.2. Essential services: supply, control............................................................................................... 7
2.3. Earthed systems.......................................................................................................................... 7
2.4. Earthing of non-current carrying parts ........................................................................................ 7
2.5. Emergency power sources and circuits....................................................................................... 8
2.6. External source of supply...........................................................................................................12
2.7. Particular provisions..................................................................................................................12
2.8. Diversity factors..........................................................................................................................14
SECTION 3.  INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS......................................................................15

3.1. General......................................................................................................................................15
3.2. Circuit design.............................................................................................................................15
SECTION 4.  CABLES................................................................................................................16
4.1. Choice of cables........................................................................................................................16
4.2. Current ratings...........................................................................................................................17
4.3. Cables installation .....................................................................................................................19
4.4. Type testing ...............................................................................................................................22
4.5. Routine testing...........................................................................................................................22
SECTION 5.  SWITCHBOARDS ...............................................................................................25

5.1. Location - Installation ................................................................................................................25
5.2. Design - Construction .................................................................................................................25
5.3. Distribution boards and panels..................................................................................................27
5.4. Measuring instruments...............................................................................................................27
5.5. Interrupting, disconnecting devices...........................................................................................28
5.6. Protection ..................................................................................................................................28
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
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SECTION 6.  ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES ..........................................................32
6.1. General ..................................................................................................................................... 32
6.2. Generating sets - Prime movers ................................................................................................ 32
6.3. Permissible maximum temperature rise for electrical rotating machines................................. 33
6.4. Characteristics of d.c. generators.............................................................................................. 35
6.5. Characteristics of a.c. generators.............................................................................................. 36
6.6. Control gear of electrical rotating machines............................................................................. 37
6.7. Protection of the electrical rotating machines........................................................................... 37
6.8. Testing of electrical rotating machines..................................................................................... 37
6.9. Tests after construction.............................................................................................................. 39
SECTION 7.  TRANSFORMERS..............................................................................................40
7.1. General ..................................................................................................................................... 40
7.2. Temperature rise of transformers.............................................................................................. 40
7.3. Service characteristics of transformers...................................................................................... 41
7.4. Protection of transformers......................................................................................................... 41
7.5. Testing of transformers.............................................................................................................. 41
SECTION 8.  ACCESSORIES...................................................................................................43
8.1. General ..................................................................................................................................... 43
8.2. Connection boxes...................................................................................................................... 43
8.3. Socket-outlets............................................................................................................................ 43
8.4. Control gears and starters ......................................................................................................... 43
8.5. Requirements applicable to interrupting and protective devices.............................................. 43
8.6. Lighting fittings.......................................................................................................................... 44
8.7. Heaters...................................................................................................................................... 44
8.8. Electronic equipment ................................................................................................................ 45
8.9. Electrical equipment in paint stores and in the enclosed spaces leading to paint stores.......... 45
SECTION 9.  STORAGE BATTERIES ....................................................................................46

9.1. General ..................................................................................................................................... 46
9.2. Installation and protection of batteries...................................................................................... 46
SECTION 10.  SEMICONDUCTOR STATIC CONVERTERS.............................................48

10.1. General.................................................................................................................................... 48
10.2. Design, installation .................................................................................................................. 48
10.3. Operating conditions ............................................................................................................... 48
10.4. Converter protection................................................................................................................ 49
10.5. Testing..................................................................................................................................... 49
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SECTION 11.  HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS ...............................................................50
11.1. Scope .......................................................................................................................................50
11.2. General ....................................................................................................................................50
11.3. Rotating electrical machines....................................................................................................50
11.4. Transformers............................................................................................................................50
11.5. Switchboards ...........................................................................................................................51
11.6. Cables and cabling wires.........................................................................................................52
SECTION 12.  ADDITIONAL RULES FOR UNITS AND INSTALLATIONS INCLUDING

HAZARDOUS AREAS ...................................................................................................................53
12.1. General ....................................................................................................................................53
12.2. Electrical systems on board units and installations including hazardous areas.......................54
12.3. Electrical systems in hazardous areas......................................................................................55
SECTION 13.  SPARE GEARS .................................................................................................57

13.1. Generators and motors of essential services............................................................................57
13.2. Switchgear and control gear....................................................................................................57
13.3. Miscellaneous ..........................................................................................................................58
SECTION 14.  TESTS .................................................................................................................59

14.1. General ....................................................................................................................................59
14.2. Insulation level measurement..................................................................................................59
14.3. Particular checkings.................................................................................................................59
iii
SECTION 1.  GENERAL
1.1. Scope - classification 1.2. National Authorities

requirements requirements
1.1.1. General 1.2.1. International Regulations
1.1.1.1. Attention is directed to the International

Regulations the electrical systems of the unit or
Requirements of the present Rule Note are to be installation may have to comply with such as:
complied with by electrical systems of offshore
units and installations intended to be classed by • IMO Code for the Construction and
Bureau Veritas. Equipment of Mobile Offshore Drilling Units
(MODU code), in particular for drilling units;
Note:
the attention of the Designer is drawn upon the fact • International Convention for the Safety of Life
that the present Rule Note is intended to be used as at Sea (SOLAS), in particular for self-
specified by a set of Rules for Classification. propelled units.
Indeed, the present Rule Note contains only
requirements applicable to a wide range of units and
1.2.2. National Authorities
installations, specific requirements being excluded
from its scope, as well as references to specific requirements
requirements contained in other Rule Notes or Rules.
Using the present Rule Note without the support of Attention is drawn to special legal provisions
the Rules for Classification applicable to the type and enacted by National Authorities which units or
service of unit or installation concerned might installations may have to comply with according to
therefore lead to a complete misreading of applicable their flag, type, size, operational site and intended
requirements. service, as well as other particulars and details.
1.1.1.2. 1.2.3. Classification and statutory

The Society may, after special examination, requirements
allow alterations or additions to requirements of the
present Rule Note in certain particular cases Compliance with statutory requirements
relating for instance to small units, units operating mentioned in 1.2.1. and 1.2.2. is not included in
in restricted zones or platforms installed in classification scope but, in case of conflict between
sheltered coastal areas. the Rules and these requirements, the latter ones
are to take precedence over the requirements of the
present Rules, as stated in the Rules for
1.1.2. Equivalent requirements Classification.
Possible compliance of electrical systems with

the recommendations of the IEC Publication
92: "Electrical installations of ships and of mobile
1.3. Units
and fixed offshore units", or with the requirements
In the present Rule Note, and except when
of equivalent rules or national standards may be
otherwise specified, the following units are used:
considered and may allow to regard them as
fulfilling the requirements of the present Rule Note. • intensity: milliamperes (mA) and amperes
(A);
• voltage: volts (V) and kilovolts (kV);
1
• power: kilowatts (kW); 1.4.3.3.
• wattless power: kilovolt-amperes (kVA);

Spares will be tested in position before unit
enters on service.
• resistance: ohms (Ω), kilohms (kΩ) and
megohms (MΩ);
1.5. Conditions of operation
• frequency: hertz (Hz);
• durations: hours (h); 1.5.1. General

• temperature: degrees Celsius (°C);
Unless otherwise specified, all electrical
• angles: degrees (°); equipment is to operate satisfactorily under
conditions specified in 1.5.2. to 1.5.5.
• lengths: kilometres (km); (simultaneous or not).
• diameters and displacements: millimetres
(mm). 1.5.2. Vibrations
1.4. General requirements 1.5.2.1.

The present 1.5.2. defines vibration conditions,
together with corresponding test conditions, to be
1.4.1. Additional electrical loads considered for the following equipment:
An addition, temporary or permanent, to the • instrumentation and remote control

load, as approved, of an existing system, is not to equipment;
be made until it has been ascertained that the
current-carrying capacity and the characteristics of • any other equipment, where specified, in the
the existing accessories, are adequate for the present Rule Note or the Society's Rules for
increased load. Classification applicable to the unit or
installation considered.
Relevant drawings and other technical
documentation are to be submitted for approval, as Reference is made to IEC Publication 68-2-
provided for in the Society's Rules for Classification 6/1982/Test Fc.
applicable to the unit or installation considered.
1.5.2.2.
1.4.2. Low voltage or low power Where large equipment sets are concerned, the
vibration tests may be carried out separately on all
installations sub-sets; these sub-sets are to be connected to
the other parts of the equipment and be under
The installations not exceeding either 50 V or normal supply conditions.
20 kW (d.c. or a.c.), are specially considered;
some of the requirements of the present Rule Note During the test, equipment is to be under normal
may be dispensed with. power supply conditions; tripping point of pressure
and temperature switches is to be adjusted at 50 %
1.4.3. Spare parts of the measuring range.
1.4.3.1. 1.5.2.3.
The test is to be repeated with the equipment
In pursuance of Chapter 1 of Rules for
mounted successively in three mutually
Classification, spare parts listed in the present Rule
perpendicular directions, one of them being vertical.
Note are given for information only.
1.4.3.2. 1.5.2.4.
Within the frequency range considered, a
Spares will be carefully labelled and wrapped.
sweeping is carried out (maximum frequency
variation: 1 octave per min) to search possible
resonance frequencies.
2
1.5.2.5. • in all cases, from the upright condition to the
Equipment is to operate satisfactorily under the values of inclination specified, if any, in the
following vibration conditions: Society's Rules for Classification applicable
to the unit or installation considered.
• from 2 Hz to 13,2 Hz, with a displacement
amplitude of ± 1,0 mm; 1.5.4. Marine environment
• from 13,2 Hz to 100 Hz, with an acceleration
equal to 0,7 g. 1.5.4.1.
Electrical equipment is are to operate
1.5.2.6.
satisfactorily under the following temperature and
Equipment fitted on diesel engines and humidity conditions:
compressors or in steering gear room (solenoid
valves, pressure, temperature, level, speed and flow • as a general rule, standard ambient
switches, etc.) as well as fire detectors, is to temperature of the air is 45°C with an
operate satisfactorily under the following vibration average relative humidity of 70 %;
conditions: temperature of the sea cooling water is to be
30°C;
• from 2 Hz to 25 Hz, with a displacement
amplitude of ± 1,6 mm; • on board units not liable to operate in tropical
waters, the standard ambient temperature is
• from 25 Hz to 100 Hz, with an acceleration to be 40°C and the sea cooling water
equal to 4 g. temperature 25°C;
Note: very special condition may exist, for instance on • on board permanent or fixed installations, to
exhaust manifold of Diesel engines and especially for medium most severe temperature and humidity
and high speed engines. Values may be obtained from the conditions liable to be encountered on site.
concerned engine manufacturer. Otherwise, the following
Note: other conditions may be applicable to some equipment,
values are to be applied: 25 Hz to 200 Hz, acceleration 5 g.
e.g. rotating machines (refer to 6.3.).
1.5.2.7.
1.5.4.2.
In case of no resonance condition, a vibration
test is to be carried out 90 minutes at 30 Hz. Electrical equipment is to operate satisfactorily
when exposed to saline air or sea-water mist, in
If a resonance frequency at which Q ≥ 2 is found particular at weather exposed location.
during vibration tests, an endurance test is to be
carried out for not less than 90 min at this 1.5.5. Voltage and frequency
frequency and according to the direction where this
resonance has been found. In no case is Q to
variations
exceed 5.
1.5.5.1.
1.5.2.8. Electrical equipment is to operate satisfactorily
During the vibration test, the working when voltage and frequency variations in transient
characteristics of the equipment tested are to condition reach the following values:
remain within the limits specified by the
Manufacturer. Voltage: ± 0,2 U n (1,5 s)
Frequency: ± 0,1 Fn (5 s)
1.5.3. Inclination requirements
Where U n and Fn are respectively the rated
Electrical equipment is to be so arranged as to
voltage and frequency of the network.
operate satisfactorily under the following conditions:
• in the case of a mobile unit, motions to

which the unit is intended to be subjected;
3
1.5.5.2. 1.5.5.3.
Electrical equipment is to operate satisfactorily Contactors and similar electromagnetic
when voltage and frequency variations in steady equipment are to operate at 0,85 U n , U n being
condition reach the following values from the rated the rated voltage of the network, under the
values: conditions of 1.5.3.
Voltage: + 0,06 U n and - 0,10 Fn Note: in case the contactor coil is supplied by a separate
source, the corresponding voltage is to be taken into account
Frequency: ± 0,05 Fn instead of Un.
Where U n and Fn are respectively the rated

voltage and frequency of the network. 1.6. Protection index
According to their location on board, the
equipment are to be provided with an index of
protection against the penetration of solid bodies
and liquids, normally as per the Table . Protection
indexes IP XX are defined by the IEC Publication
529.
TABLE 1.6.
PROTECTION INDEX OF EQUIPMENT
Location Protection index Exceptions
.Dry accommodation spaces IP 20

.Dry control rooms
.Control rooms (navigating bridges) IP 22

.Engine and boiler rooms above floor
.Steering gear rooms
.Refrigerating machinery rooms
.Emergency machinery rooms
.General store rooms
.Pantries
.Provisions rooms
.Bathrooms and showers IP 44

.Engine and boiler rooms below floor
.Closed fuel oil separator rooms
.Closed lubricating oil separator rooms
.Ballast pump rooms
.Refrigerating rooms
.Galleys and laundries
.Shaft or pipe tunnels in double bottom IP 55

.Holds for general cargo
.Weather decks IP 56 Lighting fittings

(IP 55)
Note 1: the case of immersed equipment will be specially considered by the Society.
4
Note 2: higher protection index IP may be required in some cases (accessories for instance); refer to the IEC Publication 92-201.
5
• domestic appliances not less than 3 kW
1.7. Maximum voltage permanently connected to fixed wiring:
• three phase systems: 1000 V
1.7.1. Direct current • single phase systems: 500 V
• lighting and socket-outlets: 250 V

1.7.1.1.
• other heating and domestic appliances:
Rated voltage of the electric supply, in direct 250 V
current, of the consuming devices is not to exceed
the following values: • socket-outlets to supply large power
auxiliaries such as welding stations, bilge
pumps, refrigerating plants: 1000 V
• motors: 660 V • internal communication, remote control

system and monitoring circuits: 250 V
• heating and domestic appliances: 250 V
• extra low voltage appliances: 55 V
• lighting and socket-outlets: 250 V
• extra low voltage appliances: 55 V 1.7.3. Particular cases
For certain particular applications (propulsion or

1.7.2. Alternating current
other), voltage in excess of values given in 1.7.1.
and 1.7.2. will be specially considered by the
Rated voltage of the electric supply, in
Society; Section 11. is applicable to medium
alternating current, of the consuming devices is not
voltage a.c. installations.
to exceed the following values:
• motors:
1.8. Essential services
• three phase systems: 1000 V
• single phase systems: 500 V Essential services are those rendered by
• heating appliances permanently connected
servitude auxiliaries and complementary auxiliaries,
as they are defined in the Society's Rules for
to fixed wiring:
Classification applicable to the unit or installation
• three phase systems: 1000 V considered.
• single phase systems: 500 V
6
SECTION 2.  DISTRIBUTION
2.1. Distribution systems

2.2.2. Control circuits
2.1.1. Authorised systems Where a stand-by set is provided with starter in
case of failure of the running set, the control and
The following parallel distribution systems with monitoring circuits of these auxiliaries are to be
constant voltage may be used: designed, except if duly justified, in such a way
that a fault at the control circuit of the set in service
• direct current: does not impair the operation of the stand-by.
• two-wire systems, with one possibly
earthed;
• three-wire systems, with the mid-wire 2.3. Earthed systems
earthed.
• alternating current: 2.3.1. Authorised uses

• two-wire, single phase systems, with one
Systems of distribution with hull return or with
wire possibly earthed;
earthed distributed neutral (case of four-wire three
• three-wire three phase systems, with phase systems) are not permitted on floating
neutral either insulated or earthed, storage units; it may be admitted, subject to a
directly or through an impedance; particular examination by the Society, in the
• four-wire three phase systems, with following cases:
insulated neutral.
• cases listed in 12.2.2.3.;
2.1.2. Non earthed systems • small units including no hazardous areas.
Note: earthing of neutral will be subject to special

Non earthed distribution networks supplying
examination by the Society.
heating or lighting equipment, or carrying electric
power, including the networks powered by
transformers, are to be fitted with a device designed 2.3.2. Cross sectional area of
to permanently check the insulation level and to
deliver audible or visible indication in case of
earthing connections
abnormally low level.
The cross sectional areas of earthing
connections are to be calculated according to the
characteristics of generators or transformers and of
2.2. Essential services: protective devices.
supply, control
2.2.1. Power supply circuits

2.4. Earthing of non-current
carrying parts
The switchboard outgoing circuits supplying
duplicated essential services are to be so arranged
that a fault at one of the circuits does not make the
2.4.1. General
other one unavailable.
Exposed metal parts of electrical machines of
equipment which are not intended to be live (except
the cases mentioned by the IEC Publication 92),
but which are liable under fault conditions to
become live, are to be earthed unless the machines
or equipment are:
• either supplied at an extra low voltage;
7
• or supplied at a voltage not exceeding 250 V switchboard in relation to the main source of
by isolating transformers supplying only one electrical power, associated transforming
consuming device; equipment, if any and the main switchboard
are to be such as to ensure to the
• or constructed in accordance with the satisfaction of the Society that a fire or other
principle of double insulation. casualty in the space containing the main
source of electrical power, associated
transforming equipment, if any, and the main
2.4.2. Earthing connection switchboard, or in any machinery space of
category A will not interfere with the supply,
Earthing connections are to be made of copper control and distribution of emergency
or other corrosion-resistant conductive material; electrical power.
they are to be protected where necessary against
mechanical damage and electrolytic corrosion. As far as practicable, the space containing
the emergency source of electrical power,
2.4.3. Cross sectional area of associated transforming equipment, if any,
the transitional source of emergency
earthing conductor electrical power and the emergency
switchboard are not to be continuous to the
Unless justification, the earthing conductor cross boundaries of machinery spaces of category
sectional area is to be at least: A or those spaces containing the main
• if section of the main conductors is less than
source of electrical power, associated
transforming equipment, if any, and the main
16 mm2, this section of the main
switchboard. Where this is impracticable,
conductors, with a minimum of 3 mm2;
alternative arrangement of space boundaries
• if section of the main conductors is equal to may be considered.
or greater than 16 mm2, half this section of
the main conductors, with a minimum of d) Provided that suitable measures are taken
16 mm2. for safeguarding independent emergency
operation under all circumstances, the
emergency generator may be used,
2.5. Emergency power exceptionally, and for short periods, to
supply non-emergency circuits.
sources and circuits
Note: exceptionally is understood to mean conditions such
2.5.1. Emergency power source as:
• blackout condition;
• dead-ship condition i.e. the propulsion plant, boilers and
2.5.1.1.
auxiliaries stopped due to the absence of power.
The following is to be fulfilled:
2.5.1.2.
a) A self-contained emergency source of
electrical power is to be provided. For units and installations where the main
source of electrical power is located in two or more
b) On floating units, the emergency source of spaces which have their own systems, including
electrical power, associated transforming power distribution and control systems, completely
equipment, if any, transitional source of independent of the systems in other spaces and so
emergency power, emergency switchboard arranged that a fire or other casualty in any one of
and emergency lighting switchboard are to the spaces will not affect the power distribution
be located above the uppermost continuous from the others, or the services required in 2.5.2.
deck and to be readily accessible from the and other services that may be required by the
open deck. They are not to be located Society's Rules for Classification applicable to the
forward of the collision bulkhead, if any. unit or installation considered, the
requirement 2.5.1.1. a) may be considered satisfied
c) The location of the emergency source of without an additional emergency source of
electrical power, associated transforming electrical power, provided that:
equipment, if any, the transitional source of
emergency power, the emergency
switchboard and the emergency lighting
8
a) there are at least two generating sets, depletion by the automatic starting
meeting operational requirements stated by system;
the Society's Rules for Classification • provided with a transitional source of
applicable to the unit or installation emergency electrical power as specified
considered concerning inclinations, in each in 2.5.3. unless an emergency generator
of at least two spaces; is provided capable both of supplying the
services mentioned in that paragraph and
b) in the opinion of the Society, arrangements of being automatically started and
of these generating sets and of switchboards supplying the required load as quickly as
make a source of electrical power available is safe and practicable subject to a
at all times to the services required in 2.5.2. maximum of 45 s.
and other services that may be required by
the Society's Rules for Classification b) Where the emergency source of electrical
applicable to the unit or installation power is an accumulator battery it is to be
considered; capable of:
c) the location of each of the spaces referred to • carrying the emergency electrical load
in a) is in compliance, for floating units, without recharging while maintaining the
with 2.5.1.1. b); voltage of the battery throughout the
discharge period within 12 % above or
d) the boundaries of the spaces referred to in a) below its rated voltage;
meet the requirement 2.5.1.1. c), except that • automatically connecting to the
contiguous boundaries consist of an "A-60" emergency switchboard in the event of
bulkhead and a cofferdam, or a steel failure of the main source of electrical
bulkhead insulated to class "A-60" on both power, and
sides. • immediately supplying at least those
services specified in 2.5.3.
2.5.1.3.
2.5.1.4.
The emergency source of electrical power may
be either a generator or an accumulator battery. The following is to be fulfilled:
a) Where the emergency source of electrical a) Emergency generators are to be capable of

power is a generator, it is to be: being readily started in their cold condition
down to a temperature of 0°C. If this is
• driven by a suitable prime-mover with an
impracticable, or if lower temperatures are
independent supply of fuel, having a
likely to be encountered, heating
flashpoint (closed cup test) of not less
arrangements are to be provided to the
than 43°C;
satisfaction of the Society.
Note: refer to particular requirements of the Rule
Note "Piping systems on board offshore units and b) The automatic starting device of an
installations" applicable in case of oil fuel having a emergency generating set is to ensure at
flash point lower than 60°C. least 3 consecutive starts. A second source
of energy is to be provided for an additional 3
• started automatically upon failure of the starts within 30 min (unless manual starting
main source of electrical power supply can be demonstrated to be effective).
unless a transitional source of emergency
electrical power in accordance with the The automatic starting device are to be
following paragraph is provided; where the maintained by the main or auxiliary
emergency generator is automatically compressed air receivers, through a suitable
started, it is to be automatically non-return valve or by an emergency air
connected to the emergency compressor energised by the emergency
switchboard; those services referred to switchboard.
in 2.5.3. are to be then connected
automatically to the emergency Where the automatic starting is carried out
generator; and unless a second with compressed air supplied by a
independent means of starting the compressor reserved to this use, this
emergency generator is provided the compressor is to be supplied from the
single source of stored energy is to be emergency switchboard.
protected to preclude its complete
9
c) The emergency generator set and the • at the fire pump mentioned in item e), at
emergency battery are to be so designed the sprinkler pump, if any, at the
and arranged as to ensure that they will emergency bilge pump, if any, and at the
function under inclinations prescribed by the starting positions of their motors;
Society's Rules for Classification applicable • on helideck, including landing area
to the unit or installation considered. perimeter and obstacle lighting.
d) Provision is to be made to maintain the c) For a period of 18 h, the navigation lights and
stored energy at all times. other lights required by the International
Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions
e) All starting, charging and energy storing at Sea in force.
devices are to be located in the emergency
generator room and are not to be used for d) For a period of 18 h:
any purpose other than the operation of the
emergency generator set. This does not • all internal communication equipment as
preclude the supply to the air receiver of the required in an emergency, i.e. between
emergency generator set from the main or the navigating bridge and the steering
auxiliary compressed air system through a gear room, the machinery control room or
non-return valve fitted in the emergency equivalent engine control position, and
generator room. the telecommunication station(s);
• for self-propelled units, the navigation aids
as required by Regulation V/12 of
2.5.2. Services carried out Amendments to the SOLAS 1974
Convention as amended; where such a
The available electrical power is to be sufficient provision is unreasonable or
to supply all emergency services, i.e. services impracticable, special consideration will
which are essential for safety in an emergency, due be given by the Society for units of less
regard being paid to the services that may have to than 5000 tons gross tonnage, where
be operated simultaneously. applicable;
• the fire and gas detection and their alarm
The emergency source of electrical power is to
systems and;
be capable, having regard to starting currents and
to the transitory nature of certain loads, of • intermittent operation of the daylight
supplying simultaneously at least the following signalling lamp, the ship's whistle, the
emergency services for the periods specified below, manually operated call points, and all
if they need electrical power for their operation: internal signals that are required in an
emergency;
a) For a period of 18 h, emergency lighting at • where applicable, the capability of closing
every muster and embarkation station on the blow-out preventer and of
deck and over sides. disconnecting the unit from the wellhead
arrangement, if electrically controlled,
b) For a period of 18 h, emergency lighting: unless they have an independent
• in all service and accommodation emergency supply from an accumulator
alleyways, stairways and exits, personnel battery suitably located and sufficient for
lift cars and personnel lift trunks; a period of 18 h.
• in the machinery spaces and main e) for a period of 18 h one of the fire pumps
generating stations including their control required by the Society's Rules for
positions; Classification applicable to the unit or
• in all control stations, machinery control installation considered if dependent upon the
rooms, and at each main and emergency emergency generator for its source of power.
switchboard;
f) for a period of 4 days any signalling lights or
• at the stowage positions for firemen's
sound signals which may be required for
outfits;
marking of offshore structures.
• at the steering gear, as applicable;
g) for a period of 18 h, permanently installed
diving equipment, if dependent upon
electrical power of the unit or installation.
10
h) on semi-submersible units, for a period of 2.5.4. Emergency switchboard
18 h:
• ballast control and indicating systems The following is to be fulfilled:
required by the Society's Rules for
Classification applicable to the unit or a) The emergency switchboard is to be
installation considered; installed as near as practicable to the
emergency source of electrical power.
• any of the ballast pumps required by the
Society's Rules for Classification
b) Where the emergency source of electrical
applicable to the unit or installation
power is a generator, the emergency
considered.
switchboard is to be located in the same
i) on floating units, for a period of 0,5 h, the space unless the operation of the emergency
power to operate watertight doors, remote switchboard would thereby be impaired.
controlled doors and hatch covers, together
with corresponding alarms and controls, but c) No accumulator battery fitted as emergency
not necessarily all of them simultaneously, or transitional source of power is to be
unless an independent temporary source of installed in the same space as the
stored energy is provided. emergency switchboard. An indicator is to
be mounted in a suitable place on the main
j) in addition, for production installations, and switchboard or in the machinery control room
for a period of 18 h: to indicate when the batteries constituting
either the emergency source of electrical
• the alarm and public address system; power or the transitional source of electrical
• the emergency shutdown system. power referred to in 2.5.1.3. b) or 2.5.3. are
being discharged.
2.5.3. Transitional source d) The emergency switchboard is to be

supplied during normal operation from the
The transitional source of electrical power where main switchboard by an interconnecting
required in 2.5.1.3. a) is to consist of an feeder which is to be adequately protected
accumulator battery suitably located for use in an as the main switchboard against overload
emergency which is to operate without recharging and short circuit and which is to be
while maintaining the voltage of the battery disconnected automatically at the
throughout the discharge period within 12 % above emergency switchboard upon failure of the
or below its rated voltage. main source of electrical power. Where the
system is arranged for feedback operation,
The transitional source of electrical power is to the interconnecting feeder is also to be
be of sufficient capacity and so arranged as to protected at the emergency switchboard at
supply automatically in the event of failure of either least against short circuit.
the main or the emergency source of electrical
power for 0,5 h at least the following services, if e) In order to ensure ready availability of the
they depend upon an electrical source for their emergency source of electrical power,
operation: arrangements are to be made when
• the lighting required in 2.5.2. a), b) and necessary to disconnect automatically non
c). For this transitional phase, the emergency circuits from the emergency
required emergency electric lighting, in switchboard, to ensure that electrical power
the machinery, accommodation and will be available automatically to the
service spaces may be provided by fixed, emergency circuits.
individual accumulator lamps which are
automatically charged;
2.5.5. System testing
• services required in 2.5.2. d), unless they
have an independent supply for the Necessary arrangements are to be provided for
specified period, from an accumulator the periodic testing of the complete emergency
battery suitably located for use in an system, including the testing of automatic starting
emergency. arrangements.
11
2.5.6. Particular provisions is to consist either of a multi-pole switch and a set
of fuses, or of a circuit breaker. These devices are
applicable to fixed
to be permanently connected to the main
installations switchboard or to the emergency switchboard by
suitable cables; this circuit is to be provided, at the
2.5.6.1. main or emergency switchboard, as applicable,
Electrical power is to be provided, in case of with a multi-pole switch or a circuit breaker.
particular conditions causing loss of both main and
emergency power, so that enough of the luminaries Where the external source of supply is of the
and communications listed in 2.5.2. are available to earthed system type, a terminal is to be provided
permit communication and lighting to allow the for suitable hull connection to earth.
personnel on board to escape safely from the
installation and to maintain contact with the A suitable device is to be fitted to the main
external emergency services. The requirement is for switchboard before the switchgear to indicate that
personnel to be mustered and either safely held on the external source feeder is under voltage.
board or evacuated by helicopter or sea.
A polarity checking device (d.c. supply) or a
phase sequence indicator (a.c. supply) is to be
2.5.6.2.
fitted for comparing the external service with the
Electrical equipment to meet requirement ship distribution network.
2.5.6.1. is to be suitable for use in Zone 1
hazardous area. The sources of power are to be A notice is to be provided in the connection box
integral accumulator batteries arranged to supply giving full information as to the nature of supply,
the service for an appropriate operating duration. rated voltage, frequency, as well as the instructions
This duration is to be evaluated for each to make the connection.
installation, taking account of the maximum
number of persons on board and the estimated time
to evacuate the installation, without being less than 2.7. Particular provisions
60 min.
2.5.6.3. 2.7.1. Lighting circuits

To provide communication required in 2.5.6.1., The arrangement of the main electric lighting
consideration is to be given to provide suitable hand system is to be such that a fire or other casualty
held radio sets at strategic locations such as in spaces containing the main source of electrical
muster stations and local control points throughout power, associated transforming equipment, if any,
the installation. Where practicable, the sets are to the main switchboard and the main lighting
be provided with recharging facilities at the switchboard, will not render the emergency electric
locations. systems mentioned in 2.5.2. a), b) and c)
inoperative.
Considering that hand held radios used in
abnormal emergency conditions may cause The arrangement of the emergency electric
problems (poor reception near fires and confusion lighting system is to be such that a fire or other
from attempted multiple use, etc.), it is casualty in spaces containing the emergency
recommended to consider the use of alternative source of electrical power, associated transforming
systems which may be more appropriate and afford equipment, if any, the emergency switchboard and
safety and operational advantages upon hand held the emergency lighting switchboard will not render
radio sets. the main electric lighting system inoperative.
In the main engine spaces and other large

2.6. External source of supply machinery spaces, lamps are to be fed by more
than one terminal circuit, so that a failure on either
Where arrangements are made for the supply of circuit does not leave these spaces in darkness.
electrical energy from an external source, one or
more connection boxes are to be provided with All lighting and power circuits terminating in a
appropriate connectors. bunker or cargo space are to be provided with a
multi-pole switch outside this space for
An interrupting and protective device is to be disconnecting them.
provided in the vicinity of the connector. This device
12
2.7.2. Navigation light circuits corresponding to their distance below the bulkhead
deck.
Electric navigation lights are to be connected
separately to a switchboard reserved for this It is to be possible to start the motor of a
purpose and supplied, directly of through submersible permanently installed bilge pump from
transformers, from the main or emergency an appropriate point above the bulkhead deck.
switchboard. If the navigation light switchboard is
installed on the bridge, it may be supplied by a
2.7.6. Fire pumps
distribution board located in the same part of the
ship and connected to the main switchboard by
means of two cables each one being capable of
2.7.6.1.
supporting the full load; this switchboard will then Arrangements and location of the power sources
be considered as an extension of the main and supply cables for fire pumps are to be in
switchboard. accordance with requirements of the Society's
Rules for Classification applicable to the unit or
It is to be possible to connect the navigation light installation considered.
switchboard from the bridge, to a second circuit.
2.7.6.2.
Each navigation light is to be protected by a fuse
in each insulated pole and provided with a double- Where an emergency fire pump is required, this
pole switch or by a double-pole circuit breaker fitted pump and its starting equipment are to be arranged
on the board referred to above. in compliance with requirements of the Society's
Rules for Classification applicable to the unit or
Each navigation light is to be provided with an installation considered.
automatic indicator which gives audible or visual
warning in the event of unexpected extinction of the 2.7.6.3.
light. If only an audible device is used, it is to be Cables connecting fire pumps to the emergency
connected to a separate source of supply, for switchboard are to be of a fire resistant type where
example dry cell or accumulator battery. they pass through high fire risk areas.
2.7.3. Fuel pumps and forced 2.7.7. Fixed gas fire-extinguishing

draught fans systems
It is to be possible to stop the motors of boiler
2.7.7.1.
forced draught fans and those of any fuel pump by
means of control devices located outside the If the alarm system required by the Society's
considered space at a place where they are not Rules for Classification applicable to the unit or
likely to be isolated by a fire in the aforesaid space. installation considered is an electrical one, it is to
be supplied by a main and by an emergency
sources.
2.7.4. Ventilation
2.7.7.2.
Power ventilation of accommodation spaces,
service spaces cargo spaces, control stations and Inside the spaces protected by the system, the
machinery spaces are to be capable of being electrical circuits essential for the release of the
stopped from an easily accessible position outside system to be of a fire resistant type.
the space being served. The means provided for
stopping the power ventilation of the machinery
space are to be separate from the means provided
2.7.8. Fixed pressure water-
for stopping ventilation of other spaces. spraying fire-extinguishing
systems in machinery
2.7.5. Submersible bilge pump spaces.
circuits Where such systems are required and if the
pump of the system is powered by the emergency
Cables and their connections to pumps are to be generator, the latter is to automatically start in
capable of operating under a water pressure case of failure of the main generator, in a way to
immediately supply necessary power to the pump.
13
2.7.9. Automatic combined c) Power supplies and electric circuits
necessary for the operation of the system
sprinkler, fire detection and
are to be monitored for loss of power or fault
fire alarm systems conditions as appropriate.
There are not to be less than two sources of Occurrence of a fault condition is to be
power supply for the seawater pump and automatic indicated by a visual and audible fault signal
alarm and detection system. If the pump is at the control panel which is to be distinct
electrically driven it is to be connected to the main from a fire signal.
source of electrical power, which is to be capable of
being supplied by at least two generators. The
feeders are to be so arranged as to avoid galleys, 2.7.11. Magnetic compasses
machinery spaces and other enclosed spaces of
high fire risk except as far as necessary to reach Cables and equipment are to be placed
the appropriate switchboards. One of the power sufficiently far from magnetic compass.
supply sources for the alarm and detection system
is to be an emergency source.
2.7.12. Final sub-circuits
2.7.10. Fixed fire detection and fire Every final sub-circuit connected to a distribution
alarm systems panel is to be protected unless otherwise specified,
by a fuse or a maximum current circuit-breaker on
Where a fixed fire detection and fire alarm each insulated pole.
system with manually operated call points is
required, the following is applicable: These circuits can be controlled by single-pole
switches in dry spaces of the accommodations.
a) There are not to be less than two sources of
power supply for the electrical equipment A separate final sub-circuit is to be provided for
used in the operation of the fire detection and every apparatus assuming an essential service and
fire alarm system, one of which is to be an for each motor rated 1 kW or more.
emergency source.
The supply is to be provided by separate 2.8. Diversity factors

feeders reserved solely for that purpose.
Such feeders are to run to an automatic Cables are to be rated in accordance with the
change-over switch situated in or adjacent to total connected load, with consideration of the
the control panel for the fire detection possible type of service of the apparatus
system. (continuous service or not).
b) Electrical wiring which forms part of the Diversity factors may be based on the
system is to be so arranged as to avoid indications of the Builders; alternatively, the values
galleys, machinery spaces of category A, mentioned in the IEC Publication 92-201 may be
and other enclosed spaces of high fire risk applied.
except where it is necessary to provide for
fire detection or fire alarm in such spaces or
to connect to the appropriate power supply.
14
SECTION 3.  INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS
3.1. General a) At least two independent means are to be

provided for carrying orders from the
The present Section 3. is applicable to the navigating bridge to the position in the
following remote control, remote monitoring and machinery space or in the control room from
communication systems: which the engines are normally controlled:
one of these is to be an engine room
• remote control and monitoring devices for
telegraph which provides visual indications of
the main propulsion plant and steering
the orders and responses both in the
gear;
machinery space and on the navigating
• engine room telegraph; bridge. Appropriate means of communication
• general alarm system; are to be provided to any other positions from
• fire alarm; which the engines may be controlled.
• engine room alarm system; b) Power failure of the telegraph or similar

• watertight door alarm system; device is to be alarmed at the bridge.
• rudder angle indicators;
3.2.2.2. Engine room horns
• other systems required by the Society's
Rules for Classification applicable to the Alarm horns in the engine room are to be so
unit or installation considered; designed as to be easily heard and distinguished
from other signals or noise generated by the diesel
engines or noisy auxiliaries.
3.2. Circuit design
3.2.2.3. Engineer's alarm
3.2.1. Supply An engineer's alarm is to be provided to be
operated from the engine control room or at the
Where an internal communication system is manoeuvring platform as appropriate, and is to be
supplied directly from power or lighting circuits, or clearly audible in the engineers' accommodation.
where the supply voltage, whatever its source,
exceeds 55 V, all equipment is to comply with the 3.2.2.4. Fire alarm bells
requirements applicable to power and lighting
Fire alarm bells are to emit a powerful and
circuits.
readily distinguishable note.
3.2.2. Alarm signals - Engine room 3.2.2.5. General alarm system

telegraph Where it is an electric one, the system is to be
energised by the main and emergency sources.
3.2.2.1. Engine room telegraph
The following is to be fulfilled:
15
SECTION 4.  CABLES
4.1. Choice of cables 4.1.2. Protective covering
4.1.2.1.
4.1.1. General
Cables are to be provided with a protective
4.1.1.1. covering or sheath suitable for the service
conditions.
The present Section 4. is applicable to cables
used for low voltage power and lighting installations. 4.1.2.2.
They are applicable also to other circuits such as On open decks, in damp spaces, in cargo holds,
telecommunications, remote control or remote in refrigerated spaces, in machinery compartments
monitoring as far as they are appropriate. and, generally in all spaces where water or
detrimental vapours (including oil vapours) may
4.1.1.2. condensate, cables are to include an impervious
sheath. In permanently damp spaces, the
Cables, cores and wire are to be normally of a
imperviousness degree is to be suitable for the
type approved by the Society, on the basis of the
immersion conditions (nature of the liquid,
IEC standards 92-3 and 92-350 to 92-376. Using
pressure, time of immersion).
other cables is submitted to special consideration
and to appropriate and satisfactory testing.
4.1.2.3.
4.1.1.3. Protective sheaths or coverings are to be
suitable for the degree of the mechanical actions to
The rated voltage of cables is not to be less than
which the cables can be submitted in service;
the rated voltage of the circuits in which they are
where their resistance may be considered as
used. The risks of strong or frequent overvoltages
insufficient, an additional protection is to be
due to current switching effects (winches, static
provided by means of pipes, conduits or metallic
converters, etc.) are to be duly considered when
guards (particular case of the cables in cargo
selecting the cables.
holds).
Note: rated voltage of a cable is expressed by the ratio of 2
values Uo / U , where:
4.1.2.4.
Cables intended to supply movable equipment
Uo is the r.m.s. value between an insulated
under a voltage higher than 250 V are to be metal
conductor and "earth; braid armoured, earthed and covered with a non
U is the r.m.s. value between 2 phase metallic sheath, unless it may be considered that
conductors of a multi-core cable. their insulation and protective sheath are reinforced.
4.1.1.4.
4.1.3. Conductor cross sectional
Cables and cabling wires are to be at least of the
area
flame retardant type and are to be so installed as
not to impair their original flame retarding properties
as far as practicable, in particular where they are 4.1.3.1.
arranged in bunches (refer to 4.3.6.). The cross sectional area of cable cores is to be
such that the maximum permissible current as
per 4.2. be not less than the maximum load of the
considered circuit. The maximum load may be
calculated in using the diversity factors of 2.8.
16
4.1.3.2. voltage for lighting circuits and 11 % for the other
circuits may be accepted.
The cross sectional areas of conductors is to be
so determined that the drop in voltage from the
main or emergency switchboard busbars to any
and every point on the installation when the
4.2. Current ratings
conductors are carrying the maximum current
under normal conditions of service, does not 4.2.1. General
exceed 6 % of the nominal voltage. For supplies
from batteries with a voltage not exceeding 50 V Tables 4.2.1.-I and -II give the maximum
this figure may be increased to 10 % temperatures permissible in the conductors of
single-core cables according to the nature of their
Under current surge conditions such as motor insulation: 6 classes of temperature are
starting, voltage drops up to 8 % of the nominal considered:
TABLE 4.2.1.-I
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE TEMPERATURES IN CONDUCTORS
(Material insulating compounds as per IEC publication 92-351)
Maximum conductor temperature
Type of insulating Abbreviated designation Normal operation
a/ Thermoplastics:
- based upon polyvinyl chloride or PVC/A 60
copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate
b/ Elastomeric or thermosetting:
- based upon ethylene propylene rubber or EPR 85
similar (EPM or EPDM)
- base upon chemically cross-linked XLPE 85
polyethylene
- based upon silicon rubber S 95 95
TABLE 4.2.1.-II
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE TEMPERATURES IN CONDUCTORS
(Other recognised material insulating compounds)
Maximum conductor temperature
Type of insulating Abbreviated designation Normal operation
a/ Thermoplastics:
based upon polyvinyl chloride
PVC 75 T 75 75
PVC 85 T 85 85
PVC 90 T 90 90
b/ Elastomeric or thermosetting
- based upon synthetic rubber CS 80 80
- based upon ethylene propylene rubber or EPR 90 90
similar
- based upon chemically cross-linked PR 95 95
polyethylene XLPE
17
4.2.2. Currents permissible in service for an ambient temperature of 45°C and are
applicable to copper conductor cables fitted in
continuous service
groups so arranged as not to obstruct the air
circulation around cables. In the case of aluminium
The current ratings given in Table 4.2.2. are the
conductors, permissible currents are to be derated
maximum d.c. currents permissible in continuous
by 0,6.
TABLE 4.2.2.
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE D.C. CURRENTS FOR CONTINUOUS SERVICE (in A)
Cross Temperature class Temperature class Temperature class Temperature class Temperature class
section 60° C 75° C 80° C 85° C 95° C
in mm 2 1 2 3, 4 1 2 3, 4 1 2 3, 4 1 2 3, 4 1 2 3, 4
core core core core core core core core core core core core core core core
1 8 7 6 13 11 9 15 13 11 16 14 11 20 17 14
1,5 12 10 8 17 15 12 19 16 13 20 17 14 24 20 17
2,5 17 15 12 24 20 17 26 22 18 28 24 20 32 27 22
4 22 19 16 32 27 22 35 30 25 38 32 27 42 36 29
6 20 25 20 41 35 29 45 38 32 48 41 34 55 47 39
10 40 34 29 57 40 40 63 54 44 67 57 47 75 64 53
16 54 46 38 76 65 53 84 71 59 90 77 63 100 85 70
25 71 60 50 100 85 70 110 94 77 120 102 84 135 115 95
35 87 74 61 125 106 88 140 119 98 145 123 102 165 140 116
50 105 89 74 150 128 105 165 140 116 180 153 126 200 170 140
70 135 115 95 190 162 133 215 183 151 225 191 158 255 217 179
95 165 140 116 230 196 161 260 221 182 275 234 193 310 264 217
120 190 162 133 270 230 190 300 255 210 320 272 224 360 306 252
150 220 187 154 310 264 217 340 289 238 365 310 256 410 349 287
185 250 213 175 350 298 245 390 332 273 415 353 291 470 400 329
240 290 247 203 415 353 291 460 391 322 490 417 343 570 485 399
300 335 285 235 475 404 333 530 451 371 560 476 392 640 545 448
400 390 332 273 570 485 400 610 519 427 670 570 469 760 646 532
500 455 387 320 655 560 460 695 591 490 770 655 540
600 505 430 355 730 620 510 770 655 540 650 725 595
4.2.3. Correction factors for Reciprocally, where the ambient temperature is

change of ambient higher than 45°C (in certain spaces) the
temperature permissible currents are to be reduced.
The increases or decreases are to be calculated
The current ratings given in Table 4.2.2. are valid by applying the factors given in Table 4.2.3.
for an ambient temperature of 45°C and are
applicable to electric cables of offshore units and
installations operating in tropical waters. TABLE 4.2.3.
Where it is known that the ambient temperature CORRECTION FACTORS FOR CHANGE
will remain less than 45°C (in particular for mobile OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
units navigating in limited zones and for fixed
Correction factors for
installations), permissible currents higher than
Cable ambient temperature of
those indicated in Table 4.2.2. may be accepted,
class 35°C 40°C 45°C 50°C 55°C
but ambient temperature of less than 35°C will not Class 60 1,29 1,15 1,00 0,82 -
be considered. Class 75 1,15 1,08 1,00 0,91 0,82
Class 80 1,13 1,07 1,00 0,93 0,85
Class 85 1,12 1,06 1,00 0,94 0,87
Class 90 1,11 1,05 1,00 0,94 0,88
Class 95 1,10 1,05 1,00 0,95 0,89
18
4.2.4. Correction factors for T is thermal time constant of cable in min
grouping of cables The thermal time constant may be given by the
cable manufacturer, or by the formula:
Where more than six cables, which may be
expected to operate simultaneously at their full T = 0,245 d 1,35
rated capacity, are laid close together in cable
bunch in such a way that there is an absence of d is external cable diameter in mm;
free air circulation around them, a correction factor T is time constant in min.
of 0,85 is to be applied to the current ratings given
in 4.2.2. Intermittent time service correction is applicable
only if the expected resting time is longer than
three times the cables constant time.
4.2.5. Correction factors for a.c. 50
or 60 Hz For service times shorter than 0,75 of the time
constant, correction factors in excess of 1,5 are not
In a.c. systems, the conductor cross sectional applicable unless specially justified.
areas in excess of 300 mm2 are to be determined
in applying the reduction factors of Table 4.2.5. For service times longer than 3 times the time
constant, the cable is considered as permanently
loaded, whatever the resting time period may be.
TABLE 4.2.5.
CORRECTION FACTORS FOR 4.3. Cables installation
A.C. 50 OR 60 Hz
Cross section in mm2 Correction factor 4.3.1. Choice of runs
400 0,97 4.3.1.1.
500 0,94 Cables runs are to be as straight and as

accessible as possible.
600 0,89
4.3.1.2.
Cables are to be as remote as possible from
4.2.6. Current ratings for
sources of heat, and protected from risk of
intermittent service mechanical damage as far as practicable.
For cables supplying equipment which is not in 4.3.1.3.

permanent service, current ratings may be
multiplied by a correction factor K given by Cables serving essential or emergency power,
Table 4.2.6. lighting, internal communications or signals are to
be, as far as practicable, routed clear of galleys,
laundries, machinery spaces and their casings and
TABLE 4.2.6. other high fire risk areas, except for supplying
CORRECTION FACTORS FOR equipment in those spaces.
INTERMITTENT SERVICE
Where possible, their runs are to be arranged in
Service ratio Correction Factor
such a manner as to preclude their being rendered
t /T K unserviceable by heating of the bulkheads that may
be caused by a fire in an adjacent space.
3,0 1,08
2,7 1,09 4.3.1.4.
2,4 1,11
2,1 1,13 The installations of cables, across expansion
1,8 1,16 joints, is to be avoided. However, where it is
1,5 1,20 unavoidable, a loop with a radius of bend in relation
1,2 1,27 to the sizes of the joint, but at least equal to 12
0,9 1,37 times the external diameter of the largest cable
0,75 1,46 concerned is to be provided.
t is service time in minutes
19
4.3.1.5. These connections are to be made at both cable
ends. However, the cables in final sub-circuits may
The cable runs are to be so designed that the be earthed at their supply end only; it may be also
internal radius of bend does not exceed, at any the case for the shieldings of particularly sensitive
point, the permissible value for the cable lines of remote monitoring or control systems.
concerned. In the absence of values specified by
the Manufacturer, the following values are to be
4.3.3.2.
adopted as minima for the internal radius of bend:
The electrical continuity of all metallic covering is
• 4 d for thermoplastic or rubber-like insulated to be ensured throughout the cable length,
cables without metallic covering (6 d if including at joints and tappings.
d > 25 mm);
• 6 d for cables of the above type but with

4.3.3.3.
sectorial or compacted conductor; The lead of lead-sheathed cables is not to be
used as the sole means or earthing non current-
• 6 d for thermoplastic or rubber-like insulated carrying parts.
cables with metallic covering or for silicone
asbestos cables;
4.3.4. Fixing
• 6 d for mineral insulated cables.
4.3.1.6. 4.3.4.1.
Where two supplies are provided for the same With the exception of cables installed in pipes
service, the routes are to be different as far as conduits, trunkings or casings, cables are to be
possible. fixed by means of suitable elements. The use of
fastening parts made of flame-retardant synthetic
material may be accepted for cables laid on
4.3.2. Mechanical protection horizontal supporting surface; on non-horizontal
support, one metallic fastening elements is to be
4.3.2.1. fitted each five elements.
Cables exposed to the risk of mechanical The distance between fixing parts is generally
damage, if neither armoured nor enclosed in steel not to exceed 0,50 m, extended to 0,60 m for
conduits, are to be protected by a casing. Mineral armoured or copper-sheathed cables. This distance
insulated cables are, for the purpose of the present is 0,75 m over the vertical runs.
requirement, considered to be armoured cables.
4.3.4.2.
4.3.2.2.
The fixing arrangement of single-core cables is to
Where the risk of mechanical damage is high, be made with due consideration of the possible
cables are to be protected by suitable metallic electrodynamic forces induced in case of short-
casings, even when armoured, unless the structure circuit.
of the unit or installation, or its attached parts, do
afford sufficient protection.
4.3.5. Cable glands through
bulkheads and decks
4.3.3. Earthing of metallic sheaths
and coverings 4.3.5.1.
4.3.3.1. Cables penetration of watertight decks and
bulkheads may consist in either individual stuffing
Any exposed metallic coverings of cables glands or boxes containing several cables and filled
(copper sheath, armour, etc.) is to be electrically with flame-retarding compound.
earthed.
20
4.3.5.2. 4.3.7.5.
Where fire-resistance (Type A) or fire-retardant For long distance runs, expansion joints may be
(Type B) bulkheads or decks are drilled for the provided.
passage of cables, all arrangements are to be
made so that their fire resistance degree is not
decreased. 4.3.8. Installation in non-metallic
ducts and conduits
4.3.5.3.
Non-metallic ducts and conduits are to be made
Where unarmoured cables are to pass through of flame retardant material.
non-watertight bulkheads or, more generally,
through holes drilled in steel plates, such holes are
to be bushed in order to protect the cables, by soft 4.3.9. Connections
metal or any other suitable material which will
prevent damage to the cable by abrasion. The 4.3.9.1. Cable ends
same process is recommended for armoured
cables. The ends of the conductors having a cross
section greater than 4 mm2 are to be provided with
crimped or soldered connectors or to be connected
4.3.6. Installation in bunches to fastening terminals. If the connected cable has
an insulating belt common to several conductors,
Where cables are bunched, provisions are to be an additional insulation is to be provided where the
made to limit fire propagation. This may be insulation of the conductors risk to come into
achieved by either of the following methods: contact directly with earth.
• use of cables successfully tested
according to the IEC Report 332.3 or to
4.3.9.2. Joints
an equivalent testing procedure; Cables runs are normally not to include joints. If
• fitting of suitable fire stop screens a joint is absolutely necessary, it is to be carried
arrangement; out in such a way that the conductors remain
properly insulated and protected. The joints are
• use of an appropriate protective coating.
normally to be made in suitable boxes.
4.3.7. Installation in metallic pipes Alternative methods may be considered by the

and conduits Society.
4.3.7.1. 4.3.9.3. Tappings
The internal radius of bends is not to be less Tappings are to be made by means of
than those permitted for cables, nor less than twice connectors, terminals or bars, placed in appropriate
the external diameter of the conduit for conduits casing.
exceeding 63 mm external diameter.
4.3.10. Special provisions for a.c.
4.3.7.2.
cables
The filling factor (ratio of the sum of the cross
sectional areas corresponding to the external cross Where it is necessary to install single-core
section of the conduit) is not to be greater than 0,4. cables, the following special provisions are to be
made:
4.3.7.3.
a) Armouring, if any, is to be on non-magnetic
Conduits are to be so arranged that water cannot
material.
accumulate inside. If necessary, ventilating or
draining outlets are to be provided to allow
b) Where cables are installed in metallic
circulation of air.
conduits, the cables belonging to the same
circuits are to be contained within the same
4.3.7.4. conduit.
The conduits and their metallic fittings are to be
earthed.
21
c) When installing 2, 3 or 4 conductors forming 4.4. Type testing
a circuit, these conductors are to be joined
close together or spaced less than one
The cables and insulated cabling wires for which
diameter.
an application of type approval has been made are
to be or to have been submitted to type testing on
Fastening straps are to encompass all the
both their constituent materials and on the
phases or to be made of non magnetic
completed cables.
material.
Type tests are carried out according to an
d) Where single-core cables, rated above
approved programme based on the IEC Standard
250 A, are fitted along steel bulkheads, they
92-350, Section three: Test Requirements, and
are either to be arranged in "trefoil" or to be
approved by the Society in accordance with note
sufficiently spaced from the bulkhead
767 ND DT2 (tests on the electric cables).
surface.
Other equivalent standards may be used with the
Cable glands used for penetration through
agreement of the Society, relevant type testing
bulkheads or decks are not to be made of
program being submitted beforehand to the Society
magnetic metal. Moreover, it may be
for review.
necessary to provide non magnetic metallic
plates, large enough to prevent bulkheads
from overheating.
4.5. Routine testing
4.3.11. requirements for hazardous
4.5.1. General
areas
Normally, routine tests are to be carried out on
Particular requirements are laid down in Section all lengths of cables. However, the number of
12. concerning cables installed in hazardous areas. lengths may be reduced in agreement with the
Surveyor and with due regard to be results of the
4.3.12. Requirements for quality inspection for instance.
refrigerated spaces The required routine tests are checking of

conductor resistance, dielectric strength test and
4.3.12.1. insulation resistance measurement.
Cables installed in refrigerated spaces are to be
provided with impervious sheathes and to be 4.5.2. Checking of conductor
protected against mechanical damage.
resistance
If the armour is not corrosion proof, it is to be
protected by a covering resistant to low The resistance of each core conductor is to be
temperature and humidity. measured in d.c. under defined conditions of
temperature and length. It is to be corrected to
4.3.12.2. standard temperature of 20°C by the following
formula:
Cables installed in refrigerated spaces are not to
be covered by the thermal insulation. Inappropriate 254, 45
use as a mean of suspension or stowage is to be R 20 = R t
obviated by suitable guards around cables. 234,5 + t
4.3.12.3. Where:
If it is necessary to pass cables through thermal Rt is resistance measured at

insulation of the compartments, appropriate temperature t .
penetration pieces are to be used.
Then, the value R 20 is corrected to a cable
length of 1 km; it is not to exceed the value
required in the IEC Publication 228.
22
4.5.3. Dielectric strength test 4.5.4. Insulation resistance
measurement
This test is to be carried out at ambient
temperature with an industrial frequency a.c. 4.5.4.1.
voltage; alternatively, d.c. voltage, suitable filtered
may be used. Measurement is to be carried out at ambient
temperature, under d.c. voltage within the 80 -
Each core of the cable is to sustain for 5min, 500 V range, after completion of the dielectric
without breakdown, the testing voltage specified in strength test. It is to be effected 1 min after the
Table 4.5.3. voltage application (5 min for thermoplastic
insulated cables).
TABLE 4.5.3. 4.5.4.2.

TESTING VOLTAGE FOR CABLE The connection procedure in carrying out the test
DIELECTRIC STRENGTH TEST on different types of cables is:
Test voltage
• for single-core cables with metallic covering,
the insulation resistance measurement is
Rated voltage Alternating Direct performed between the conductor and the
of cables Uo / U current (a.c.) current (d.c.) metallic covering;
•
(kV) (kV) (kV)
for single-core cables without metallic
0,15/0,25 1,5 3,6 covering, the insulation resistance
0,6/1,0 3,5 8,4 measurement is performed between the
conductor and the water in which the cable
The test voltage is to be applied for 5 min in is to be immersed at least 1 h before the
succession between each insulated conductor and test;
all the other ones connected to each and to
metallic covering, if any. • for cables having two to five conductors, with
or without metallic covering, the insulation
Single core cables without metallic covering are resistance measurement is performed in turn
to be immersed in water at room temperature for between each conductor and all other
1 h and the test voltage then applied for 5 min conductors connected together and to the
between the conductor and the water. metallic covering, if any;
Alternatively for single-core cables without • for cables having more than five conductors,
sheath, at Manufacturer's option, a spark test may the insulation resistance measurement test
be carried out on the cable. The spark test is performed; first, between all conductors of
equipment is to detect a puncture in the insulation uneven number in all layers and all
having a diameter equal to or greater than half of conductors of even number in all layers;
the specified insulation thickness. second, between all conductors of even
layers and all conductors of uneven layers;
The test voltage is to be increased gradually to third, if necessary, between the first and the
the specified value and no breakdown of the last conductor of each layer having an
insulation is to occur. uneven number of conductors.
4.5.4.3.
The measurement values of the insulation
resistance is to be corrected to the reference
temperature of 20°C by using an appropriate
temperature correction factor based on
experimental results obtained on the insulation
material concerned.
23
4.5.4.4. l is length of the cable, in m;
The insulation resistance constant Ki, in MΩ.km D is outer diameter of the insulation, in mm;
is to be calculated using the formula: d is inner diameter of the insulation, in mm.
Notes:
l R.10-9
Ki = • for the core of shaped conductors, the radio D / d is the
D ratio of the perimeter over the conductors;
log10
d • the calculated value of K is to be not less than the value
specified for the relevant insulating material in Table II of
where: IEC Publication 92-351.
R is measured insulation resistance, in Ω,

corrected to 20°C;
24
SECTION 5.  SWITCHBOARDS
5.1. Location - Installation 5.1.2.2.

When the voltage exceeds 55 V a.c. or d.c., an
insulated mat, grating or impregnated wood surface
5.1.1. Location is to be provided in front on switchboards and also
at the rear if access from the rear is provided. The
The places where switchboards are installed are
insulated mat, grating or surface is to be oil
to comply with the following:
resistant and non-slipping.
5.1.1.1. 5.1.2.3.
Easy access to switchboards is to be provided
The main and emergency switchboards are to be
for crew. In particular, when a space is provided for
provided with insulated handrail or handles on their
access at the rear of switchgear and control gear
front. If access is available on their rear, an
sets, it is to be not less than 0,6 m in the clear,
insulated handrail is also required on their rear side.
except that the width may be reduced to 0,5 m,
where there are stiffeners or frames.
5.1.1.2.
5.2. Design - Construction
Location of switchboards is not to give rise to
flammable gas or vapour accumulation, unless 5.2.1. General
equipment designed for use in explosive
atmosphere be selected. 5.2.1.1.
Live parts normally submitted to a voltage
5.1.1.3. exceeding 55 V, are not to be installed without
Switchgears are to be located in such a way that protection on the front of switchboard.
there is no pipe carrying liquids above, behind or
near the switchboards. 5.2.1.2.
Generally, switchboards or enclosures
Where this cannot be avoided, pipes are to be containing switchboards, are to be constructed of
built joint less or provided with double pipes or durable, flame-retardant and non-hygroscopic
shields in these spaces. materials. In addition, mechanical features of the
materials are to be suitable for the service
5.1.1.4. conditions.
For self-propelled units, storage units and mobile
drilling units, the main switchboard is to be so 5.2.2. Busbars
placed relative to one main generating station that,
as far as practicable, the integrity of the normal
5.2.2.1. Materials
supply may be affected only by a fire or other
casualty in one space. An environmental enclosure Busbars are to be made of cooper. Nevertheless,
for the main switchboard, such as may be provided the use of aluminium busbars may be specially
by a machinery control room situated within the considered.
main boundaries of the space, is not to be
considered as separating the switchboards from the 5.2.2.2. Temperature rise
generators.
The mean temperature rise of the busbars and
their connections is not to exceed 45°C when
5.1.2. Installation running continuously at the normal rating.
5.1.2.1.
The protection index IP of switchboards is to be
as per Table 1.6.
25
5.2.2.3. Electrodynamic forces connection concerned is to be fitted in the vicinity
of all protective apparatus.
Busbars, together with their joints and supports,
are to be so designed as to withstand the
mechanical stresses which may arise from short- 5.2.5. Testing
circuits, without any deformation.
5.2.5.1. Dielectric test
Where maximum symmetrical short-circuit
currents are expected to exceed 50 kA, calculation The main circuit and the auxiliary circuits
is to be submitted to the Society. connected to it are to be tested within the range of
45-62 Hz with the a.c voltages given by
5.2.2.4. Air clearances Table 5.2.5.1.-I
Air clearances between live parts or between

them and the earthed conductive parts, are to be TABLE 5.2.5.1.-I
suitable for the rated voltage and for the expected
overvoltages as well as for the environmental TESTING VOLTAGE FOR SWITCHBOARD
conditions. DIELECTRIC TEST (MAIN CIRCUIT)
5.2.2.5. Creepage distances Insulation rated voltage A.c. test voltage

(r.m.s.) (V)
Creepage distances between live parts or (V)
between them and the earthed conductive parts,
are to be suitable for the rated voltage, for the Ui ≤ 60 1000
insulating materials and for the environmental 60 < U i ≤ 300 2000
conditions. 300 < U i ≤ 660 2500
660 < U i ≤ 800 3000
5.2.2.6. Division of the main busbars
800 < U i ≤ 1000 3500
Where the total installed electrical power of the 1000 < U i ≤ 1500* 3500
main generating sets is in excess of 3 MW, the
main busbars are to be subdivided into at least two *D.c. only
parts which are normally to be connected by
removable links or other approved means; as far as
practicable, the connection of generating sets and For the auxiliary circuits not directly connected
any other duplicated equipment is to be equally to the main circuit, testing voltage is given by
distributed among the parts. Equivalent Table 5.2.5.1.-II.
arrangements may be permitted.
TABLE 5.2.5.1.-II
5.2.3. Equaliser conductors and
bars TESTING VOLTAGE FOR SWITCHBOARD
DIELECTRIC TEST (AUXILIARY
Current rating of the equaliser conductors and of CIRCUITS)
the corresponding switches is to be not less than
half the rated current of the corresponding Insulation rated voltage A.c. test voltage
generator. (V) (r.m.s.) (V)
Ui ≤ 12 250
The current rating of equaliser bars is to be not
12 < Ui ≤ 60 500
less than half the rated current of the largest
60 < Ui 2 Ui + 1000
generator arranged to run in parallel. with minimum: 1500
This test is carried out between each of the

5.2.4. Identification of interrupting phases of each circuit and all the other phases of
and protective devices and this circuit and of all the other circuits connected
of measuring apparatus together as well as with the earth.
All measuring apparatus and devices controlling During this test, all interrupting and protective
a circuit are to be indelibly marked. A plate devices are to be closed; measuring instruments
mentioning the rated current of the apparatus or and relays may how-ever be disconnected.
26
For three-wire generators feeding a d.c. three-
wire circuit, an ammeter with a commutator is to be
5.2.5.2. Measurement of the insulation mounted on each pole of each generator and a
resistance voltmeter between each pole of the busbars and the
equalising conductor.
Immediately after completion of the high voltage
test, the insulation resistance between current 5.4.1.3.
carrying parts connected together and earth and
between current carrying parts of opposite polarity In the case of alternators not arranged to run in
is to be not less than 1 M Ω measured under 500 V parallel, every main or emergency switchboard is to
d.c. be provided with at least, for each alternator, one
voltmeter, one frequency meter, one ammeter per
phase or one ammeter with commutator permitting
5.3. Distribution boards and to measure the current in each phase and for
alternators of more than 50 kVA, one wattmeter.
panels
However in the case of emergency alternator the
5.3.1. General frequency meter may be not provided if a
tachometer is fitted on the generating set.
Distribution boards and panels are to comply
with requirements 5.1. and 5.2., as applicable. 5.4.1.4.
In the case of alternators arranged to run in
parallel, every main or emergency switchboard is to
5.3.2. Physical protection be provided with at least:
Distribution boards are normally to be placed • for each alternator, one wattmeter, one
within a protective casing; large ones are to be ammeter per phase or one ammeter with
placed in a special compartment. commutator permitting to measure the
current in each phase;
5.4. Measuring instruments • for parallel operation, two voltmeters, two

frequency meters (or double frequency
meter), and one synchronising device
5.4.1. Measuring instruments of including a synchroscope and synchronising
generators lamps or equivalent. One of the voltmeters
and one of the frequency meters are to be
5.4.1.1. d.c. generators not arranged to permanently connected to the busbars; the
run in parallel other voltmeter and the other frequency
meters are to be provided with commutators
Every main or emergency switchboard is to be permitting their connection on one or the
provided with at least one ammeter and one other of the alternators.
voltmeter for each generator.
5.4.1.2. d.c. generators arranged to run in 5.4.2. Instrument measuring scales

parallel
5.4.2.1.
Every main or emergency switchboard is to be
The upper limit of the scale of voltmeters is not
provided with at least one ammeter with a
to be less than 120 % of the rated voltage of the
commutator for each generator and two voltmeters
circuits to which they may be connected.
for all generators: a change-over switch is to be
provided to enable one voltmeter to be connected to
any generator before connection to busbars, the 5.4.2.2.
other voltmeter is to be permanently connected to The upper limit of the scale of ammeters is not to
the busbars. be less than 130 % of the rated current of the
circuits to which they may be connected.
For compound wound generators, the ammeter
is to be mounted on the pole opposite to that Ammeters for use on d.c. generators which may
connected to the equaliser connection. operate in parallel are to be capable of indicating
27
reverse currents of at least 15 % of the rated No independent interrupting device is to be
current. placed in an earthing conductor; this does not
preclude however the fitting of disconnecting links
5.4.2.3. for testing or surveying purposes.
The ammeter scales are to be provided with

marks indicating the normal full load value.
5.6. Protection
5.4.2.4.
Wattmeters for use on alternators which may
5.6.1. General
operate in parallel are to be capable of indicating
reverse powers of at least 15 % of the rated active 5.6.1.1.
power. All electrical circuits are to be adequately
protected against possible overcurrents, including
short-circuit currents. Selection, location and
5.5. Interrupting, characteristics of the protective devices are to
disconnecting devices allow, as far as practicable, the following:
• elimination of failure consequences in order

5.5.1. Main and emergency to reduce the risks of non-availability of the
switchboards network, and fire hazards;
• the continuity of service so as to maintain,

An interrupting device is to be provided at the through the discriminative action of the
outgoing of each circuit coming from a main or protective devices, the supply of circuits not
emergency switchboard; this device is to comply directly affected by a fault.
with the 5.5.3.; it is also to ensure the protection of
the circuit in the conditions specified in 5.6.
5.6.2. Protection against overloads
When the circuit coming from the main
switchboard is used to supply a distribution 5.6.2.1.
switchboard, the interrupting device may be a
Protection against overloads is to be provided:
disconnecting switch provided that it cannot be
used in routine operation. • on the three phases for 3-wires or 4-wire-
phase circuits with neutral directly earthed;
5.5.2. Distribution boards • on the three phases and on the neutral for 4-
wire three-phase circuits with neutral isolated
An interrupting device is to be provided at the or not directly earthed;
outgoing of each circuit from a distribution
switchboard; such a device, complying with the • on at least 2 phases for three-phase circuits
foregoing disposals, may also ensure the protection with isolated neutral;
of the circuit in the conditions given in 5.6.
• on both external conductors for 3-wire d.c.
The interrupting device may however be omitted circuits;
on an outgoing circuit if the outgoing circuit feeds • on at least one conductor for 2-wire d.c.
another distribution switchboard, or an apparatus, circuits and single phase a.c. circuits.
located nearby e.g. in the same compartment, and
if an interrupting devices is provided at the incoming 5.6.2.2.
feeder of the distribution board.
Such a protection may be provided by means of
circuit-breakers or fuses; the use of fuses rated
5.5.3. Switchgears above 320 A is not authorised for protection against
overloads.
Every interrupting or disconnecting devices
placed in a circuit having a return or neutral
conductor not directly earthed is to disconnect
simultaneously all the lines of said circuit.
28
5.6.3. Protection against short- circuit-breaker on the generator side, having at
least the necessary short-circuit rating and not
circuit currents
being the generator circuit-breaker; the same fuse
or circuit-breaker may back-up more than one
5.6.3.1. circuit-breaker when essential services are not
Protection against high overcurrents, and involved.
essentially against short-circuit currents, is to be
provided on each conductor not directly earthed. The short-circuit performance of the arrangement
is at least to be equal to the ones of a single
5.6.3.2. circuit-breaker having the same short-circuit
Such a protection is to consist of circuit- performance category as the backed-up circuit-
breakers or fuses. breaker and rated for the maximum prospective
short circuit level at the supply terminals of the
P1 category circuit-breakers may be used on arrangements.
circuits other than generator circuits, where the
system arrangements are such, for example by
5.6.4. Protection of generators
duplication and separation of supplies, the failure
of the circuit-breakers may be accepted.
5.6.4.1. General
5.6.3.3. Generators are to be protected against overloads
and short-circuits by means of circuit-breakers of
The devices provided are to have a breaking
the category P2.
capacity at least equal to the maximum prospective
short-circuit current at the point of installation. At
The use of discontactors is allowed for the
first approximation, the value of this short-circuit
protection of emergency generators.
current may be determined on the following basis:
For d.c. compound generators the equaliser
a) D.c. networks:
conductor (connected to the negative pole) is to be
• 10 times the rated current of all interrupted at the same time as the main
generators arranged to run in parallel, conductors.
plus
• 6 times the rated current of motors 5.6.4.2. Protection against overloads
operating simultaneously. Breakers are to trip with a time-delay not
exceeding 15 s for an overload of 50 % unless the
b) A.c. networks:
generator is so designed as to withstand heavier
• 10 times the rated current of all overloads.
alternators arranged to run in parallel,
plus An additional protection against smaller
• 3 times the rated current of motors overloads may also be provided; it may consist of
operating simultaneously. an audible alarm activated by a time-delayed
overcurrent relay adjusted at approximately 110 %
5.6.3.4. of the rated current.
The closing capacity of any interrupting (even not 5.6.4.3. Load-shedding of non essential
intended to be used as circuit-breaker in case of
circuits
short-circuit) or protective device to be possibly
closed on short-circuit is to be at least equal to the For generators intended to run in parallel and to
highest value of the maximum prospective short- avoid that the tripping of one of them involves the
circuit current at the point of installation; in a.c. the tripping of another one by overload, automatic load-
value to be considered will be the maximum peak shedding of some circuits, others than those
value in asymmetrical conditions. supplying the servitude auxiliaries listed in 1.8. is to
be provided after a short time delay.
5.6.3.5.
Audible and visible alarm is to be provided in
The use of a circuit-breaker not having a short- case of load-shedding.
circuit breaking and/or making capacity at least
equal to the maximum prospective short-circuit
current at the point where it is installed is allowed,
provided that it is backed-up by a fuse or by a
29
5.6.4.4. Protection against short-circuits addition to the protection against short-circuit
currents, the following is to be provided:
The protection against heavy overloads or short-
circuits is to provide a quick tripping, either a) Protection against overload; this protection
instantaneous or slightly delayed so as to permit may be replaced, for those motors intended
selectivity. for essential services, by an aural and visual
alarm in case of overload.
5.6.4.5. Case of generators of power
lower than 50 kW b) Protection against single phase operation for
For generators of a rated power lower than three-phase induction motors the supply
50 kW and not intended to run in parallel, the system of which is provided with fuses.
protection may consist of:
c) An under voltage protection device causing
• either a circuit breaker with a single relay the the tripping of the corresponding circuit and
tripping of which intervenes in a time one of the following functions:
inversely proportional to the overload; • either to remain in the stop position until
• or fuses and a switch.
the auxiliary is put again on operation by
a voluntary action;
5.6.4.6. Protection against reverse power • or to restart automatically after
restoration of the voltage. In this case,
D.c. generators and alternators arranged for
arrangements are to be made to ensure
parallel operation are to be protected against
that the automatic restarting of motors
reverse power.
takes enough time to avoid excessive
voltage drop.
Such protection may be omitted in the case of
low power generators further to special The under voltage protection is to permit
consideration and justification. starting as soon as the voltage exceeds
85 % of the rated voltage and is to
For d.c. generators, this protection is to be operate when the voltage drops to
instantaneous and is to work at less than 15 % of approximately 20 % of the rated voltage
the rated current. at the rated frequency with time delay if
necessary.
For alternators the reverse power protection is to
be set between 2 and 15 % of the rated power 5.6.6. Protection of transformers
according to the characteristics of the prime mover
and it may be time-delayed. The reverse power 5.6.6.1.
protection provided on alternators can be replaced
by other devices ensuring adequate protection of Power transformers are to be protected against
the prime movers. short-circuit currents and overloads; the protection
against short-circuits is to be placed on the primary
5.6.4.7. Protection against under voltage side; the protection against overloads may be
placed on the secondary side; protection against
When generators are intended to run in parallel, overload is not required wherever the size of the
arrangements are to be made for preventing the transformer makes it impossible to be overloaded
generator circuit breakers from closing or from when supplying all the consumers connected to it.
remaining closed when there is no voltage.
5.6.6.2.
If a low voltage tripping relay is used, it is to
control the circuit breaker opening instantaneously, Where transformers can be connected in
while controlling the circuit breaker closing is to be parallel, arrangements are to be made to allow
delayed in order to achieve selectivity. isolation of their secondary windings.
5.6.6.3.
Transformers intended to supply control and
5.6.5. Protection of motors monitoring circuits are to be protected on the
primary and secondary sides against short circuit
Motors of more than 0,5 kW or assuming an currents, unless they are designed to sustain
essential service are to be individually protected; in permanent short circuit current. This does not
30
exempt from providing individual protection of the 5.6.8. Protection of measuring or
circuits supplied by the transformers where justified
monitoring instruments,
by their cross section area. This individual
protection may be achieved on one wire only if all surge suppressors,
the conductors have same cross section area. indicating lights, etc.
5.6.8.1.
5.6.7. Protection of final sub-
circuits supplying motors Each circuit supplying a monitoring or remote
control device such as voltmeter, indicating light,
Every final sub-circuit supplying only one motor etc. is to be protected on each phase or pole not
may be provided with only one short-circuit directly earthed by a suitable protective device; this
protection on the generator side and one overload one may be common to several devices, provided
protection either on the generator side or on the that, in case of operation, it can be considered that
load side. this does not decrease the availability of the
remaining plant.
5.6.8.2.
Surge suppressors connected to busbars,
generators and motors achieving essential services
are to be protected, on each phase or pole not
directly earthed, by means of fuses or equivalent
devices.
31
SECTION 6.  ROTATING ELECTRICAL
MACHINES
6.1. General and the driven machine unless there is an efficient

earthing of each part.
6.1.1. Approval
6.2. Generating sets - Prime
Rotating machines used for essential services as movers
defined in 1.8. and of a rated power over 50 kW are
normally to be type approved by the Society, on the
basis of the IEC Standards 92-301. Machines rated 6.2.1. Number of generating sets
above 1 kW and not type approved are subject to
tests specified in 6.8. 6.2.1.1.
The offshore units and installations where
6.1.2. Location, installation electrical energy is the only means for supplying
the services specified in 1.8. are to be provided with
Machines and their gear are to be located in at least 2 generating sets of adequate
spaces suitably ventilated where flammable dusts, characteristics, so that these services can still be
vapours or gases cannot accumulate. Where this maintained whichever the generating set is
condition, in the case of motors, cannot be fulfilled, stopped.
the Society is to be advised accordingly and
special consideration will be given, after 6.2.1.2.
examination, to the proposed arrangements.
The arrangement of the power sources is to be
such that the services referred to in 1.8. can be
6.1.3. Protection of the machines maintained regardless of the speed and direction of
against mechanical shocks, the propulsion machinery or shafting.
accidental contacts and 6.2.1.3.
external agents
For the application of 6.2.1.1. and 6.2.1.2.,
6.1.3.1. generators driven from the propulsion plant may be
accepted as generators forming the main source of
Machines and their gear are to be so arranged electrical power if in all sailing and manoeuvring
that their components are shielded from conditions, including the propeller being stopped,
mechanical damage and also from any damage the generating capacity of these generators is
likely to occur due to external agents such as sufficient to provide the required electrical power
water, oil and their vapour. and fulfil all further requirements, especially those
of the present 6.2.1.
6.1.3.2.
Live parts are to be efficiently sheathed from any
6.2.1.4.
accidental contact when the voltage exceeds 55 V. In addition, for self-propelled mobile units, the
generating plant is to be such as to ensure that
6.1.3.3. with any one generators or its prime mover out of
operation, the remaining generator(s) is (are)
Protection of the machines and their gear from
capable of providing the electrical services
external agents is to be in accordance with
necessary to start the main propulsion plant from a
Table 1.6.
dead ship condition. The emergency source of
electrical power may be used for the purpose of
6.1.4. Earthing starting from a dead ship condition if its capability
either alone or combined with that of any other
Bedplates and framework of the machines and source of electrical power is sufficient to provide at
generating sets are to be earthed; no insulating the time the required services.
material is to be placed between the prime movers
32
• momentary variations 10 % when the rated
electrical load of the set is suddenly thrown
6.2.1.5. off;
In addition, for fixed offshore installations, the
number and rating of the generator sets in service
• momentary variations 10 % when an
electrical load equal to 50 % of the rated
is to be sufficient to ensure the operation of
power of the set is suddenly thrown on
essential services even when one generating set or
whatever its initial load may be within 0 to
converting set has failed.
50 % of its rated power. In any case the
speed is to be restored in less than 5 s to
6.2.1.6. 1 % of the original speed;
In addition, the generating plant is to be such as
Note: other characteristics may be considered, such as
to ensure that with any one generator or its prime
by application of an electrical load below 50 % of the
mover out of operation, the remaining generator(s)
rated power.
is (are) capable of providing the electrical services
necessary to start the essential auxiliairies from
the dead ship / dead platform condition. The
• permanent deviation 5% for any load up to
the rated power.
emergency source of electrical power may be used
for the purpose of starting from the dead ship / dead 6.2.2.2.
platform condition if its capability either alone or
combined with that of any other source of electrical The governing characteristics of prime movers
power is sufficient to provide at the same time the driving a.c. generators arranged to run in parallel
required services. are to be such that, within the limits of 20 % and
100 % of total load at cos ϕ = 0,8, the load on any
6.2.1.7. generating set will not differ from its proportionate
share of the total load by more than 15 % of the
Where a.c. is used, the number of generators
rated output of the largest machine, or by more
and their characteristics are to be such that, in
than 25 % of the rated output of the smallest
dead ship / dead platform condition, the starting of
machine.
the motors, including the largest ones, does not
cause excessive voltage drop detrimental to the
good running of the equipment on duty. Unless
particular arrangements are made to ensure good 6.3. Permissible maximum
working of the installations, the voltage variations temperature rise for
are not to exceed 15 % under all service
circumstances.
electrical rotating
machines
This may be omitted for the circuits supplying
high power motors if their starting conditions and
the good operation of their associated control 6.3.1. Standard cases
circuits are not affected by voltage drop higher than
15 %. 6.3.1.1.
The permissible limits of temperature rise,
6.2.2. Speed automatic control particularly for windings, sliding contacts of air
cooled motors under continuous running and for air
cooled generators, are given in the Table 6.3.1.
6.2.2.1.
Prime movers are to be provided with a governor
capable of maintaining the speed variations within
the following limits:
33
TABLE 6.3.1.
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE TEMPERATURE RISES FOR ELECTRICAL ROTATING
MACHINES
on the basis of a cooling air temperature not exceeding 50°C
Class of insulation
Item N° Parts Method of A E B F H

measurement
1 a) A.c. windings other than those T 40 55 60 75 -

mentioned in 9 R
b) D.c. field winding of a.c. and d.c. T 50 65 70 90 110
machines other than those R
mentioned in 2 and 3
c) Armature windings connected to T
commutators R
2 D.c. field winding of turbines type R - - 80 100 120
machines
3 a) Low resistance field winding and T or R 50 65 70 90 110
compensating winding
b) Single-layer field winding with T or R 55 70 80 100 120
exposed bare surface
4 Permanently short-circuited insulated T 50 65 70 90 110
windings
5 Permanently short-circuited windings, T The temperature rise of these parts is in
non insulated no case to reach such a value that there
is a risk of injury for any insulating or
6 Iron cores and other parts not in T other material on adjacent parts
contact with windings
7 Iron cores and other parts in contact T 50 65 70 90 110
with windings
8 a) Commutators T 50 60 70 70 80
b) Slip-rings T 50 60 70 90 110
9 a) A.c. windings of turbine-type R or I 50 60 70 90 110
machines having an output of
5000 kVa or more
b) A.c. windings of salient-pole and of
induction machines of more than
5000 kVa or having a core length of
1 m or more
Notes: measurement processes are:

T Thermometer method;
For measurements carried out by the thermometer method on class F insulated winding and on slip-rings and commutator, a
thermocouple type thermometer with instantaneous reading is to be used;
R Resistance method;
I Embedded detector method.
6.3.1.2. 6.3.1.3.
Where a machine is designed to operate with a If air-to-water heat exchangers are used, the
coolant at an ambient temperature different from temperature rise is increased by 20°C, but only if
50°C, the permissible temperature rises may be the specified inlet water temperature does not
reduced or increased in accordance with the actual exceed 30°C. When commutators of these
ambient temperature. machines are not in the enclosed air circuit cooled
by the water cooler, but are cooled by the ambient
cooling air, the permissible temperature rise above
34
the ambient cooling air is to be as for ventilated the voltage obtained at nominal load does not
machines. exceed the nominal voltage by more than 1,5 %.
6.3.2. Intermittent service motors
The permissible temperature rise limits for

motors supplying a service requiring intermittent
power, will be specially considered by the Society.
6.3.3. Tests
The requirements regarding temperature rise

tests and temperature measurement are given in
6.8.2.
6.4. Characteristics of d.c.

generators
6.4.1. Means of excitation
D.c. generators are to be provided with:
• either compound excitation;
• or shunt excitation.
6.4.2. Voltage automatic control
Automatic voltage regulators are to be provided:
• on shunt excited generators;
• on generators of any type which are driven

by a machine at variable speed, used for
instance for propulsion purpose.
The preceding requirements are not compulsory

for generators exclusively utilised for battery
loading.
6.4.3. Inherent voltage regulation
6.4.3.1.
In relation to the speed regulation of driving
machines, the inherent voltage regulation of d.c.
generators rated at 50 kW or more is to satisfy, at
service temperature, conditions given in 6.4.3.2.
and 6.4.3.3.
6.4.3.2.
Compound wound generators are to have such
an inherent voltage regulation that, when starting at
20 % load with a voltage within 1 % of rated load,
35
Furthermore, the average regulation curve when 6.5. Characteristics of a.c.
the load varies between 20 % and 100 % of rated
load, either by increase or decrease, is not to vary generators
by more than 3 % from the rated voltage.
6.5.1. Voltage automatic control
6.4.3.3.
For shunt wound generators arranged to run in A.c. generators, unless of the self-regulated
parallel, the inherent voltage regulation is to satisfy type, are to be fitted with automatic voltage
the following conditions: regulators.
• when the voltage at full load has been set to

its rated value, removal of the load is not to 6.5.2. Characteristics of voltage
cause a permanent increase greater than and current of a.c.
15 % of the rated voltage; generators
• when the voltage has been set either at full
load or at no load, the voltage obtained at 6.5.2.1.
any value of load is not to exceed the no In relation to the speed regulation of prime
load voltage. movers, the voltage regulation of a.c. generators is
to satisfy conditions given in 6.5.2.2. and 6.5.2.4.
6.4.4. Field regulation of d.c.
generators 6.5.2.2.
In relation to the speed regulation of the prime
Means are to be provided at the switchboard to movers, under steady conditions and at any load
enable the voltage of each generator to be adjusted. between no load and the rated load, at rated power
The equipment provided is to be capable of factor, the voltage is to be maintained within less
adjusting the voltage of each generator to within than 2,5 % of the rated voltage.
0,5 % of the rated for machines of 100 kW and
above; and 1 % of the rated voltage for smaller For emergency generating sets the limit may be
machines, at any load from zero to rated load. 3,5 % of the rated voltage.
6.5.2.3.
6.4.5. Parallel operation of d.c.
generators When the generator driven at its rated speed and
delivering the rated voltage, is submitted, from an
Generators arranged to run in parallel are to be initial specified load, to a sudden change of
stable in operation at all loads from no load to rated symmetrical load within the limits of specified
load. current and power factor, the voltage must not set
below 85 % of the rated voltage at loading, or above
120 % at deloading.
6.4.6. Equaliser conductors and
bars The voltage is to be restored within ± 3 % of the
final steady voltage in less than 1,5 s, and
The requirements concerning equaliser respectively ± 4 % and 5 s for emergency
connections and bars are given in 5.2.3. generators.
In the absence of precise information concerning

6.4.7. Polarity of series windings the maximum values of the sudden load, the
following conditions are to be fulfilled: 60 % of rated
The series windings of each 2-wire generator are current with a power factor of between 0,4 lagging
to be connected to the negative terminal of each and zero to be thrown on with the generator running
machine. at no-load, and then withdrawn after steady-state
conditions have been reached.
6.5.2.4.
In case of short circuit, generators whose rated
power is greater than 50 kW are to be at least
36
capable of withstanding a current equal to 3 times 6.8. Testing of electrical
their rated current during 2 s.
rotating machines
6.5.3. Parallel operation of a.c.
generators 6.8.1. General requirements
In addition to the requirements of 6.2.2., the Machines supplying an essential service such as
generators arranged to run in parallel are to be such those specified in 1.8. and rated above 1 kW and
that the wattless load on any generator does not not type-approved are to be submitted to the type
differ from the theoretical load (proportional to tests required by the present 6.8., carried out in the
rating) by more than 10 % of the rated wattless presence of the Surveyor, or in accordance with an
load of the last generator, or 25 % of the rated alternative procedure accepted by the Society.
wattless load of the smallest generator if this value
Note: by alternative procedure accepted by the Society, it is
is lower than the first one.
meant: this tests required in 6.8.2. to 6.8.5. may not be carried
out, totally or partly, if type test reports concerning identical
machines or other justifications acceptable by the Society are
6.6. Control gear of electrical submitted. The tests are carried out by an independent
rotating machines Laboratory or attended by authorised bodies.
The requirements covering the control gear of

rotating machines are given in 8.4.
6.7. Protection of the

electrical rotating
machines
5.6.4. is applicable to generators and 5.6.5. to
motors.
37
TABLE 6.8.4.
HIGH VOLTAGE TEST
Item Nr Machine or part test voltage

(r.m.s.)
1 All windings except those Machines rated at less 2 U + 500 V

than 1kW or 1kVA
2 specified in 3 to 8 below Machines rated at 1kW or 2 U + 1000 V
1kVA or more with a minimum of 1500 V
3 Separately excited windings of d.c. machines 1000 V + twice the maximum rated field voltage
(minimum: 1500 V)
4 Field winding of synchronous generators 10 times the rated excitation voltage with a minimum
of 1500 V and a maximum of 3500 V
5 Field windings of synchronous motors, synchronous
compensators and synchronous inverters:
a) When intended to be started with the field 1000 V + twice the maximum rated excitation voltage
windings short-circuited or connected through with a minimum of 1500 V
an exciter armature, or to be started with the
a.c. windings idle
b) When intended to be started wither with either 1000 V + twice the maximum r.m.s. voltage which can
with a resistance connected in series with the occur under the specified starting conditions, between
field windings, or with the field windings on the terminals of the field windings or, in the case of a
open circuit with or without a field dividing field winding divided into sections, between the
switch terminals of any section with a minimum of 1500 V
6 Secondary windings (armatures) of induction motors
or of synchronous induction motors if not permanently
short-circuited
a) for non reversible motors or motors reversible 1000 V + twice the open-circuit standstill voltage as
from standstill only measured between slip-rings or secondary terminals
with rated voltage applied to the primary winding
b) for motors to be reversed or braked by 1000 V + 4 times the open-circuit standstill secondary
reversing the primary supply while the motor is voltage as defined in item 6 a)
running
7 Exciters (except as below):
a) Exciters of synchronous motors (or of As for the windings to which they are connected.
synchronous induction motors) if connected to
earth or disconnected from the field windings
during starting
b) Separately excited field windings of exciters 1000 V + twice the rated exciter voltage with a
(see item 3) minimum of 1500 V
8 Groups of new machines and apparatus installed and 80 % of the lowest test voltage appropriate for one of
connected together, each one of which has these groups.
undergone the relevant dielectric test
Note: U is the rated voltage, in V.
One of the following methods may be used for

6.8.2. Temperature rise tests determining temperature rises:
Machines are to be tested under the rated load • resistance method;

for a time sufficient to obtain a temperature balance
which will be considered as being obtained when • temperature detector method;
the temperature does not rise of more than 1°°C/h.
However, the test is normally to last at least 4 h.
The temperatures are not to exceed the limits given
• thermometer method.
in 6.3.
38
6.8.3. Performance tests 6.8.4. Dielectric tests
6.8.3.1. Generators The completed machines are to undergo, at the

end of the temperature tests, dielectric tests under
After completion of the temperature rise tests, an a.c. voltage, at any frequency between 25 and
the machines are to undergo performance tests 100 Hz, the value of which is given in Table 6.8.4.
including: This voltage is to be applied progressively and
• checking of voltage characteristics in the
maintained to the full value for 1 min between each
winding and the mass (frame and magnetic circuit)
conditions mentioned in 6.4.3. for d.c.
connected with the other windings.
generators and in 6.5.2.2. and 6.5.2.3. for
a.c. generators;
When dielectric tests are intended for machines
• checking of the excitating setting facilities as or parts of machines which have already been
per 6.4.4. for d.c. generators and 6.5.2. and tested, the r.m.s. value of the test voltage as
6.5.3. for a.c. generators; established in Table 6.8.4. can be reduced by
25 %.
• checking of the withstanding to current
overload. A generator is to be capable of
withstanding for 15 s current exceeding by 6.8.5. Insulation tests
50 % its rated current, the voltage being
maintained as close as possible to the Insulation tests are to be carried out when
nominal voltage, taken into consideration the machines are hot, preferably at the conclusion of
maximum power of the driving engine. The temperature tests and dielectric tests; a d.c.
exact value of the voltage is of no voltage of about 500 V is to be used for this
importance. purpose. The insulation resistance, measured in
M Ω, is not normally to be less than U 1000 ,
• checking of the commutation. This checking
U being the rated voltage.
is to be done after the temperature rise test.
There must not be detrimental sparking at
Note: this test is not required on new motors.
brushes when they are in fixed position from
no load to running with over-intensity or
torque in excess.
6.9. Tests after construction
6.8.3.2. Motors
Type tested machines are subject to the
After completion of the temperature rise tests, following routine testing:
the machines are to undergo performance test
including: • checking of their characteristics when
unloaded;
• checking of the characteristics when loaded;
• dielectric tests;
• checking of the characteristics when
unloaded (current and power at rated voltage) • insulation tests.
and, if relevant, testing of the motor with
blocked rotor at the rated current is to be Testing is to be achieved in the Surveyor's
performed; attendance, or according to a procedure agreed by
the Society (i.e. homologation as per NR 320 R01
• checking of the withstanding to torque "Approval and inspection at works of materials and
excess; equipment for the classification of ships and
offshore units. Principles and procedures").
• checking of the commutation.
39
SECTION 7.  TRANSFORMERS
7.1. General 7.1.5. Number of transformers
Where the services specified in 1.8. are supplied

7.1.1. Field of application by transformers, at least two transformers with
appropriate characteristics are to be provided, so
The requirements of the present Section 7. are that in the event of one transformer being out of
normally applicable to transformers for power and order these services are still supplied.
lighting rated at 1 kVA or more in single-phase
current, or at 5 kVA or more in three-phase current. When single phase transformers are used, only
They are also applicable, where appropriate, to one spare element is required if special precautions
reactors or other similar static apparatus used for are taken to rapidly replace the faulty one.
essential services.
Equivalent arrangement, likely to ensure the
continuity of essential services may be considered.
7.1.2. Approval
The transformers as defined in 7.1.1. are 7.1.6. Withstanding of short-circuit

normally to be type approved by the Society, on the
basis of the IEC Standard 92-303. Using The transformers are to be capable of
transformers of another type is subject to special withstanding short-circuit effects for the periods of
consideration and to satisfactory and appropriate time given in Table 7.1.6.
testing.
TABLE 7.1.6.
7.1.3. Windings
TRANSFORMERS SHORT-CIRCUIT
Transformers are to be double-wound -two WITHSTANDING CAPACITY
separate windings). Starting transformers may be of
the autotransformer type. Short-circuit Symmetrical short- Duration in s
voltage circuit current to
Ucc be withstood
7.1.4. Location, installation ≤4% 25 In 2
>4 % 100 I n 3
7.1.4.1.
Ucc
The transformers are to be placed in accessible
Note: In is the rated current of the transformer
well ventilated spaces free from any gaseous or
Ucc is expressed in percentage of the
acid fumes. They are to be clear of non-protected
primary rated voltage
ignitable materials.
7.1.4.2. 7.2. Temperature rise of

Liquid dielectric cooled transformers are to be transformers
placed in machinery spaces, or in metallic
compartments specially designed for this purpose. The maximum permissible temperature rises,
Adequate means are to be provided to permit the measured in continuous operation at rating, are not
drainage of any leakage. to exceed the limits given in Table 7.2.
40
TABLE 7.2.
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE TEMPERATURE RISE FOR TRANSFORMERS AND SIMILAR
APPARATUS
Winding mean temperature rises measured by resistance variation of the windings between terminals (°C).
Class of insulation
Type Cooling A E B F H
dry air or 50 65 75 95 115
solid dielectri
c
immersed self 50 - - - -
in a liquid forced 55 - - - -
dielectric
Temperature rise of the liquid dielectric:
50°C when the liquid in the main tank is protected from contact with air.
45°C when the liquid in the main tank is in contact with air.
Temperature rise of the magnetic cores (for all types): the temperature rise measured by the thermometer on the
outer faces of the cores is not to exceed the maximum permissible temperature rise of the adjacent windings.
The limits given in Table 7.2. are applicable to

equipment installed in the machinery spaces of
offshore units and installations operating in tropical 7.4. Protection of
waters; they are based on 45°C cooling air
temperature and 30°C cooling water temperature. transformers
The limits of temperature rise given in Table 7.2. Refer to 5.6.6.
may be increased by 5°C where:
7.5. Testing of transformers
• either it is known that the ambient
temperature will remain less than 45°C (in
particular for mobile units navigating in 7.5.1. General requirements
limited zones and for fixed installations);
• or, on offshore units or installations intended

The transformers referred to in 7.1.1. are to
undergo tests to ensure that the requirements of
to operate in tropical waters, air cooled
the present Section 7. are complied with. For this
transformers are installed in accommodation
purpose the following tests are to be made in the
spaces.
presence of the Surveyor or according to an
alternative procedure agreed by the Society.
7.3. Service characteristics of
transformers 7.5.2. Type tests
The voltage variations between no load and the Each type of transformer is normally subject to
rated current with a unity power factor are not to design approval and to type tests to be performed
exceed 5 % for transformers rated at up to 5 kVA according to a test programme approved by the
per phase, and 2,5 % for transformers rated at Society. Such programme comprises at least the
more than 5 kVA per phase. tests required in 7.5.3. to 7.5.5.
Note: this requirement is not applicable to starting Particular arrangement may be considered, for
transformers. instance in the case of transformers identical to a
transformer type, temperature rise type tests are
acceptable up to 100 kVA rated power.
41
An applied voltage test is to be carried out on
every new transformer. When applied voltage tests
are intended on machines or parts of machines
7.5.3. Temperature rise tests and having already been tested, the r.m.s. value of test
measurements of voltage voltage may be reduced by 25 %.
drop
7.5.5. Induced voltage test
Transformers are to be submitted to a test under
the rated load current. This test is to last long
Internal insulation is to be checked by applying
enough for temperature stabilising. The maximum
twice the rated voltage to the transformers.
permissible temperature rises for transformers and
other static electrical machines specified in 7.1.1.
In order not to exceed the usual induction, this
are not to exceed the limits given in Table 7.2.
test can be made with a voltage source having a
frequency of at least twice the rated frequency.
During this test, voltage drop in the secondary
winding is to be as per 7.3.
The normal duration of the test is 1 min.
7.5.4. Applied voltage test 7.5.6. Measurement of the

The completed transformers are to undergo, transforming voltage ratio
preferably after completion of the temperature rise
test, a voltage test under a sine wave form voltage Transformers are to undergo a transforming
at any frequency between 25 and 100 Hz with a voltage ratio test.
r.m.s. value of 2 U + 1000, U being the highest
voltage of the circuit, i.e. the highest r.m.s. voltage
7.5.7. Insulation test
between phases, at any point of the circuit and at
any time, under normal working conditions. The
Insulation tests are to be carried out when
minimum test voltage is, however, to be of r.m.s.
transformers are hot, preferably at the conclusion of
2,5 kV.
temperature and dielectric tests. A d.c. voltage of
about 500 V is to be used for this purpose.
Test voltage is to be applied for 1 min between
the winding under test and the other windings, the
Note: this test is not required for new transformers.
core frame and the tank or envelope of the
transformer, being connected all together and
earthed.
42
SECTION 8.  ACCESSORIES
8.1. General
8.4. Control gears and
8.1.1. Materials starters
Materials used are to be durable, non-
hygroscopic, flame retardant and corrosion proof.
8.4.1. Design requirements
8.4.1.1.
8.1.2. Protection indexes
Where necessary, depending on the capacity of
generators and of the distribution network, some
The protection indexes IP XX of the equipment or
motors are to be equipped with an appropriate
of their envelopes are to be in accordance with the
control device lowering the starting overcurrent to
requirements of 1.6.
an acceptable value.
8.1.3. Safety types For asynchronous motors, direct on-line starting

is acceptable within the limits permitted by the
When fitted in places where flammable gases or characteristics of the alternators (refer to Section
vapours may accumulate, or in rooms intended to 6.). The maximum voltage drop on the network is
mainly contain accumulators, paint or similar not to exceed 15 %.
material, the equipment are to be of a safety type in
accordance with the Rules 8.4.1.2.
Motors rated above 0,5 kW and their starting
8.1.4. Portable equipment devices are to be provided with an isolating facility.
Where started is located far from motor, the switch
Portable equipment is beyond the scope of of the feeder supplying the starter is to be
classification. supplemented by:
• either a disconnecting devices near the

starter;
8.2. Connection boxes
• or a device blocking the switch in the off
Where boxes are filled with an insulating position;
compound, it is to be of a suitable, flame retardant
type. • or removable fuses.
8.4.2. Tests of control gear

8.3. Socket-outlets
Control gears and starters are to undergo
dielectric tests and insulation level measurements
8.3.1. Sockets-outlets rated over as applicable to electric switchboards or panels
16 A (refer to 5.2.5.).
Sockets-outlets rated over 16 A are to be 8.5. Requirements applicable

provided with a switch.
to interrupting and
8.3.2. Socket-outlets provided with protective devices
an earthing plug
Socket-outlets provided with an earthing plug are 8.5.1. General

to be designed that this plug operated before the
others during the plug-in operation. It is to be These requirements are applicable to interrupting
impossible to introduce the earthing plug in and protective devices used in main switchboards,
unsuitable hole. distribution boards and panels, starters, etc.
43
excluding installation apparatus such as sockets- 8.6. Lighting fittings
outlets, cabin switches or equivalent.
8.6.1. Protection
8.5.2. Approval
Luminaries exposed to risks of mechanical
The devices are normally to be type approved by
damage are to be suitable protected or strongly
the Society on the basis of the following IEC
built.
Standards:
IEC 947-1 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 1: general 8.6.2. Luminous discharge
rules. equipment
IEC 947-2 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 2: circuit 8.6.2.1.
breakers. The necessary reactors, capacitors and other
IEC 947-3 Low voltage switchgear and auxiliaries are to be enclosed in an earthed metal
control gear - Part 3: switches, casing.
disconnectors, switch-
disconnectors and fuse 8.6.2.2.
combination.
Multiple switches are to be used on the primary
IEC 947-4.1 Low voltage switchgear and circuits of the equipment rated higher than 250 V,
control gear - Part 4: contactors to enable the installation to be totally isolated.
and motor-starters. Section 1:
electromechanical contactors
and motor-starters. 8.7. Heaters
IEC 947-5.1 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 5: control
circuit devices and switching 8.7.1. General
elements. Section 1:
electromechanical control circuit Heaters are to be built, installed or protected that
devices. one cannot easily cover them with clothes or
inflammable objects.
control gear - Part 6: multiple
function equipment. Section 1: 8.7.2. Approval
automatic transfer switching
equipment. The following is applicable:
control gear - Part 7: ancillary a) Visual inspection to evaluate in particular:
equipment. Section 1: terminal
• the protection index IP XX (refer to 1.6.),
blocks for copper conductors.
testing may be required;
IEC 269 Low voltage fuses
• the expected behaviour when submitted
Equipment in accordance with national to vibration; testing according to the
regulations and having at least equivalent requirements of 1.5.2. may be required;
characteristics may also be used; necessary • the protection against corrosion;
justification may be required. • the protection against covering by
inflammable objects (refer to 8.7.1.);
The Society may require, in addition, justification
• earthing arrangement;
of the characteristics of switchgears, by means of
tests for instance. • the arrangement of fuses, switches and
other built-in control devices; it is to be
such that these components are not
submitted to higher temperatures than
the ones for which they have been
designed.
44
b) High voltage test, using test voltage of • explosion group II B;
2U + 1000 V at industrial frequency,
minimum 2000 V during 1 min, phase-to- • temperature class T3.
phase and phase-to-earth.
c) Measurement of the insulation resistance

8.9.3. Switches and similar
(hot) under 500 V d.c. Resistance is not to equipment
be less than 1 MΩ .
Switches, protective devices and motor control
d) Temperature rise test based on the IEC gear of electrical equipment installed in a paint
Standards 335-1. store are to interrupt all poles or phases and
preferably are to be located in non-hazardous
spaces.
8.8. Electronic equipment
8.9.4. Areas on open deck
In addition to the requirements of the present
Rule Note, the requirements of the section 19-2:
In the areas of open deck within 1 m from inlet
"Qualification of Equipment", of the Rules or of the
and exhaust ventilation openings or within 3 m from
IEC Publication 92-504 are applicable to the
exhaust mechanical ventilation outlets, the
electronic equipment used for essential services.
following electrical equipment may be installed:
• electrical equipment with the type of

8.9. Electrical equipment in protection as permitted in paint stores or
paint stores and in the • equipment of protection class Exn or
enclosed spaces leading
• appliances which do not generate arcs in
to paint stores service and the surface of which does not
reach unacceptably high temperature or
8.9.1. Equipment in paint stores • appliances with simplified pressurised
enclosures or vapour-proof enclosures
Electrical equipment is to be installed in paint (minimum class of protection IP55) the
stores and in ventilation ducts serving such spaces surface of which does not reach
only where it is essential for operational services. unacceptably high temperature.
Certified safe type equipment of the following

type is acceptable: 8.9.5. Access spaces
• intrinsically safe Exi; An enclosed space giving access to a paint

store may be considered as non-hazardous,
• flameproof Exd; provided that:
• pressurised Exp;
• the door to the paint store is a gastight door
• increased safety Exe; with self-closing devices without holding
back arrangements;
• special protection Exs.
• the paint store is provided with an
Cables (through-runs or terminating cables) of acceptable, independent, natural ventilation
armoured type or installed in metallic conduits are system ventilated from a safe area;
to be used.
• warning notices are fitted adjacent to the
paint store entrance stating that the store
8.9.2. Certified safe type equipment contains flammable liquids.
The minimum requirements for the certified safe

type equipment are as follows:
45
SECTION 9.  STORAGE BATTERIES
9.1. General • power more than 2 kW: in a room assigned

to batteries only or if a room is not available,
in a suitable well-ventilated locker on deck;
9.1.1. Scope
• power between 0,2 kW and 2 kW: as above,
The present Section 9. is applicable to may be installed in a box or locker in some
accumulators installed permanently in position. suitable space, or, if protected from falling
objects, in the machinery space or in a
similar well-ventilated compartment;
9.1.2. Starting batteries
• power less than 0,2 kW: as above, but may
also be installed open, if protected from
9.1.3. falling objects, or in a battery box in any
suitable space.
Starting batteries and their connection cables
are to be dimensioned to ensure at the starter 9.2.1.3.
terminals during starting the service voltage, taking
Combined battery-charger sets of a power in
account of internal voltage drop of the battery and of
excess of 0,2 kW (refer to 9.2.1.2.) may be
voltage drop in line.
installed in main or emergency switchboards only if
they are of the hermetically sealed type and further
9.1.4. to special consideration by the Society.
The requirements applicable to starting systems In this case, suitable arrangements is to be

given in the Rule Note "Machinery on board offshore made to avoid sending of gas in the switchboards in
units and installations" are applicable to starting case of fault, by automatic shut down of the
batteries. charging current, or in fitting appropriate exhaust
manifold for instance.
9.2. Installation and protection 9.2.1.4.

of batteries Batteries (unless of the hermetically sealed type)
are not to be placed in sleeping quarters.
9.2.1. Location of batteries 9.2.1.5.
9.2.1.1. Lead-acid batteries and alkaline batteries are not

to be placed in the same battery compartment.
Batteries are to be located where they are not
exposed to excessive heat, extreme cold or spray,
which would impair performance or accelerate 9.2.2. Arrangement of
deterioration. compartments or lockers
Emergency batteries, including emergency 9.2.2.1.

diesel engine starting batteries are to be installed in
spaces where they are protected against Batteries are to be arranged to permit
mechanical damages due to collision, as far as maintenance operations.
practicable.
9.2.2.2.
9.2.1.2. Metallic shelves or other structural parts
Batteries are to be installed dependent on the supporting batteries are to be protected by suitable
output power of the charging device (calculated lining: lead sheet for lead-acid, steel for alkaline
from the maximum obtainable charging current and batteries. The lining is to be watertight and carried
the nominal voltage of the battery) as follows: up at least 75 mm on all sides.
46
Other electrolyte-resistant coating may be Adequate openings, whether connected to ducts
accepted. or not, for air inlets are to be provided near the floor
of battery rooms of the bottom of lockers or boxes.
Alternatively, the floor of battery compartments
may be lined or coated with electrolyte-resistant The fan motor is to be placed external to the
material or casing spanning the entire floor. The duct; possible friction of blades on fixed parts is not
lining is to be watertight and carried up to at least to result in sparking.
150 mm on all sides.
The fan is to be of non sparking construction, as
9.2.2.3. defined in 9.2.4.2.
Deck boxes are to be lined in accordance with

9.2.4.2.
methods described in 9.2.2.2.. Boxes for small
batteries are to be lined to a depth of 75 mm Non sparking construction of fans is defined as
consistent with the methods described above. follows:
9.2.2.4. • impellers and housing of non-metallic

construction, duly taking into account the
Batteries are to be securely chocked; each box elimination of static electricity;
is to be equipped with isolating supports.
• impellers and housing of non ferrous
materials;
9.2.3. Electrical appliances in
compartments and lockers • ferrous impellers and housing with not less
than 13 mm design tip clearance.
Lighting fittings are to be of an appropriate safety
The combination of austenitic steel fixed and
type.
rotating components is to be approved by the
Society.
Electrical equipment is not to be installed in
battery rooms, except where needed; in this case,
Any combination of an aluminium or magnesium
it is to be a safety type appropriate for gas group II
alloy fixed or rotating components with a ferrous
C and temperature class T1.
fixed or rotating component, regardless of tip
clearance, is considered as a sparking hazard and
9.2.4. Ventilation of compartments therefore is not to be used in these places.
and lockers Light alloys intended to be used are not to
contain more than 6 % magnesium in weight.
9.2.4.1.
Battery rooms and lockers are to be ventilated, Fans are to be of a type approved by the
either by natural ventilation, or by ventilating fans. Society.
Natural ventilation may be employed if ducts can 9.2.4.3.

be run directly from the top of the room or locker to
Deck boxes are to be provided with exhaust
the open air above, with no part of the duct more
ducts on top and air inlets at lower part. The
than 45° from the vertical. These ducts are not to
assembly is to be suitably weather proof.
contain appliances which may impede the free
passage of air or gas mixtures.
9.2.4.4.
If natural ventilation is impracticable or Boxes for small batteries require no ventilation
insufficient, mechanical exhaust-ventilation is to be other than openings near the top to permit escape
provided with exhaust at the top of the room. of gas.
47
SECTION 10.  SEMICONDUCTOR STATIC
CONVERTERS
10.1. General 10.2.2. Number of converters
The services referred to in 1.8. are to be still

10.1.1. Field of application ensured in case of breakdown of the converter in
service. A second converter, or an equivalent
The present Section 10. is applicable to the equipment, or spare parts for readily changing are
semiconductor static converters supplying power to to be provided for this purpose.
the essential services listed in 1.8. or the electric
propulsion plant. Equivalent arrangement, likely to ensure the
continuity of essential services may be considered.
10.1.2. Type approval

10.3. Operating conditions
The converters related to in 10.1.1. are normally
to be type approved by the Society on the basis of
the IEC Standards 92-304 and 92-401. Using other 10.3.1. General case
converters is subject to special consideration and
to appropriate testing. Semi-conductor converters are to operate
satisfactorily under conditions of plus or minus 5 %
frequency and plus 6 % or minus 10 % voltage
10.2. Design, installation variations.
10.2.1. Cooling 10.3.2. Forced cooling
Semiconductor converter equipment is to be Where forced cooling (air or water) is used, the
installed in such a manner that the circulation of air circuit is to be fitted with a protection device
to converter stacks or to their envelope (if any) is ensuring that voltages cannot be applied to
not impeded. rectifiers unless effective cooling is maintained.
Naturally air-cooled cabinets are to be designed

with sufficient ventilating openings, or with sufficient 10.3.3. Effect of disturbances
radiating surface in the case of totally enclosed
converter equipment to operate within allowable Means are to be provided, to limit the effect of
temperature limits. disturbances, both to the system, to other
converters and consumers. Attention is to be paid
Temperature rise requirements are based on to:
ambient air temperature at 45°C or on cooling water
temperature at 30°C. The allowable temperature • commutation reactance which, if insufficient,
limits at rated power are those specified for the may result in excessive voltage distortion;
semiconductors valves; maximum permissible • the relation between the system subtransient
temperature rises are as per the Table 7.2. for the reactance and the converter commutation
other elements. reactance. Unsuitable matching may result
in the production of voltage harmonics which
Where it is known that the ambient temperature could cause overheating of other consumers
will remain less than 45°C (in particular for mobile or cables;
units navigating in limited zones and for fixed
installations), the limit of temperature rise given in • any adverse effect of converters on the
Table 7.2. may be increased by 5°C for units and commutation of d.c. machines;
installations operating outside the tropical zone.
48
• interference from high frequency noise; the 10.5. Testing
IEC publication 478-3 gives a method of
measurement of conducted electromagnetic
interference (EMI). 10.5.1. General
When filter circuits and capacitors are used for 10.5.1.1.

reactive current compensation, attention is to be
paid to: The converters as defined in 10.1.1. are to be
submitted to tests in order to check that they meet
• any adverse effect of frequency variations on correctly the requirements of the present Section
the r.m.s. and peak values of system voltage 10.. For this, the following tests are to be performed
(refer to 10.3.1.); in the Surveyor's presence or in accordance with an
alternative procedure agreed by the Society.
• any adverse effect on voltage regulation of
generators. 10.5.1.2.
Each equipment type is normally subject to type
10.4. Converter protection approval, performed according to a programme
approved by the society. Such programme is to
The following protection of converters is to be comprise at least the tests of 10.5.2. to 10.5.4.
provided:
• overvoltage surge in a supply system to

10.5.2. Temperature rise test
which converters are connected is to be
limited by suitable devices to prevent Converters are tested under rated load during
damage. Protective fuses or circuit breakers sufficient time to stabilise the temperatures. Then,
for these devices are to give an indicator the maximum permissible temperature rises of the
when they have blown out or tripped; semiconductor valves are to remain within the limits
specified by their Manufacturer, in considering for
• a suitable control is to ensure that the ambient air temperature 45°C, or for cooling water
permissible current of semiconductor temperature 30°C.
elements cannot be exceeded during normal
operation; in addition, short-circuit currents Temperature rises of the other elements are not
are to be limited by specially adapted fuses; to exceed the limits given in the Table 7.2.
• fuses in filter circuits are to give an indication

when they have blown out. 10.5.3. Dielectric test
Completed converters are submitted to a

dielectric test in same conditions than specified for
transformers (refer to 7.5.4.).
10.5.4. Test of the protection device

of forced cooling converters
The protection device required in 10.3.2. is to be

tested in suppressing or by simulated suppression
of the coolant forced circulation.
49
SECTION 11.  HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS
11.1. Scope 11.2.3.2.

High voltage cables are to be identifiable as far
The present Section 11. is applicable to systems as practicable
with voltages higher than 1 kV and lower than or
equal to 11 kV.
11.3. Rotating electrical
Requirements of other Sections of the present
Rule Note are also applicable where necessary, as machines
well as the appropriate requirements of the IEC
Publication 92-503. Equivalent standards may be
11.3.1. Protection index
taken into consideration by the Society.
1.6. is applicable; however, the protection index
is to be at least IP 23, except for terminals for
11.2. General which it is to be at least IP 44.
11.2.1. Voltages 11.3.2. Electrical protection of

Recommended voltage are those of the IEC
alternators
Publication 38: 3 - 3,3 - 6,6 - 10 and 11 kV. The
case of higher voltage will be submitted to a special Alternators are to be provided with a protection
examination by the Society. system against the effects of insulation faults
occurring before their circuit breakers:
11.2.2. Insulation class • protection is to include automatic de-

excitation of the alternators having directly
According to the rated voltage, the highest earthed neutral;
voltage which determines the insulation level of the
system and that equipment is to be capable of
• same arrangement or an alarm or a fault
indicator is to be provided on alternators
withstanding is given in Table 11.2.2..
having either isolated neutral or low
impedance earthed neutral.
TABLE 11.2.2.
11.3.3. Testing
HIGHEST VOLTAGE FOR
DETERMINATION OF INSULATION Dielectric test voltages at industrial frequency to
CLASSES be carried out are as per the Table 11.5.4.
Rated system voltage Highest voltage for equipment

(kV) (kV) 11.4. Transformers
U=1 1,5
1 < U ≤ 1,5 2,5
11.4.1. Protection index
1,5 < U ≤ 3,3 3,6
3,3 < U ≤ 6,6 7,2
1.6. is applicable; however, the protection index
6,6 < U ≤ 11 12
is to be at least IP 23.
11.2.3. Identification
11.4.2. Location, installation
11.2.3.1.
Transformers are to be installed in places or
Each high voltage equipment is to be provided rooms set for this purpose.
with an identification plate specifying the voltage
and relating danger.
50
11.4.3. Protection 11.5.2.2.
Where maintenance tasks are expected, the
11.4.3.1. access to the cells is to be effected either by the
5.6.6. is applicable. opening of a door or of an element of the protective
envelope or by the disconnection of an element of
11.4.3.2. this envelope.
The systems supplied by step-down 11.5.2.3.

transformers are to be protected against possible
overvoltages from the primary side by means of Where the access is not expected in usual
earthed metal screen placed between the primary working condition (for instance: the busbar
and the secondary sides, or by means of other compartment), approaching this space is to be
suitable arrangement. possible only after dismantling same panel
sections of the protective envelope.
11.4.3.3.
11.5.2.4.
When transformers are connected in parallel,
tripping of the protective device at the primary side Circuit breakers are to be of the plug-in or
is to automatically trip the secondary side equivalent type, permitting safe maintenance when
switchgear. the busbars are in the live condition.
11.4.3.4. 11.5.2.5.
The secondary side of instrument transformers is The outgoing circuits supplying equipment
to be earthed. located near the switchboard may be provided with
disconnectors instead of interrupting devices.
11.4.4. Testing
11.5.3. Creepage distances and air
Dielectric test voltages at industrial frequency to clearance
be carried out are those indicated for switchboard
testing in Table 11.5.4. Creepage distances and air clearances between
live parts or between them and the earthed
conductive parts, are to be suitable for the service
11.5. Switchboards voltage, including the expected voltages surges and
for the environmental conditions.
11.5.1. Main switchboards

11.5.4. Testing
The main switchboard is to be in at least two
independent sections, so arranged that duplicated The dielectric tests at the industrial frequency
equipment supplying essential services can be and the electric shock tests are to be performed in
supplied even in case of fault in one section of the applying values given in Table 11.5.4.
switchboard.
Alternatively, separate switchboards so arranged TABLE 11.5.4.

as to ensure an equivalent continuity of the VOLTAGES FOR DIELECTRIC AND ELECTRIC
essential services, are acceptable. SHOCK TESTS OF SWITCHBOARDS
11.5.2. Access and arrangement Highest voltage for R.m.s. test voltage, Impulse voltage
equipment 1 min at a rated test 1,2/50 peak
(kV) frequency voltage (kV)
11.5.2.1. (kV)
The elements liable to be switched on or off U ≤ 1,5 3,5 -

independently from the others following the normal 1,5 < U ≤ 2,5 8 20
operation necessities, are to be located in distinct 2,5 < U ≤ 3,6 10 40
cells separated by bulkheads. 3,6 < U ≤ 7,2 20 60
7,2 < U ≤ 12 28 75
51
11.6. Cables and cabling wires TABLE 11.6.4.
VOLTAGES FOR DIELECTRIC AND
11.6.1. General ELECTRIC SHOCK TESTS OF CABLES
Rated voltage 1,8 / 3 3,6 / 6 6 / 10 8,7 / 15 12 / 20

Cables and wires are normally to fulfil the
U0 / U (kV)
requirements of Section 4. regarding their selection,
cross section area, installation and testing. Industrial 7,5 11 15 22 30
frequency
In addition, requirements of 11.6.2. to 11.6.4. are test voltage
to be complied with. (kV)
Shock test - 60 75 95 125

(kV)
11.6.2. Selection
Specified voltage is to be at least equal to the 11.6.5. Testing after installation

network rated phase-to-phase voltage. Cables are
to withstand continuous 10 % overvoltage in In addition to the tests carried out before
addition to the rated voltage.. installation according to requirements of the
present Rule Note applicable to the equipment
11.6.3. Installation concerned, the following tests are to be performed
on board:
High voltage cables are to be separated from the
other cables and protected against mechanical
• operating tests;
shocks and thermal damage. • measurement of the insulation level of each
machine; the value, measured in the hot
condition, is not to be less than the one
11.6.4. Testing obtained by means of the following formula,
where Ri , insulation resistance, is
Type testing and routine tests are generally to be expressed in MΩ:
in accordance with the requirements of 4.4.
and 4.5. of the present Rule Note and of the IEC U
Standard 92-350. Ri = P
+ 1000
Dielectric test voltages at industrial frequency, 100
for routine of type tests are to be according to
Table 11.6.4.; test duration is to be 4 h for the type In this formula:
test and 5 min for the routine test. U is phase-to-phase rated voltage, in volts;
P is rated output, in kVA;
Electric shock test voltages to be applied are
also given by Table 11.6.4.. Shock test comprises - measurement of the insulation level of
10 positive and 10 negative shocks at the each switchboard as required in 14.2.
maximum permissible conductor temperature is
normal service condition.
52
SECTION 12.  ADDITIONAL RULES FOR UNITS
AND INSTALLATIONS INCLUDING HAZARDOUS
AREAS
12.1. General • IEC Publication 79-11 (1991), Part 11

"Construction and test of intrinsically-safe
and associated apparatus";
12.1.1. Groups of gas and
temperature classes • IEC Publication 79-15 (1987), Part 15
"Electrical apparatus with type of protection
Flammable gases and vapours are classified in "n"";
group IIA, IIB or IIC, and in six temperature classes • IEC Publication 79-17, (1990), Part 17
from T1 to T6, according to the international "Recommendations for inspection and
classification of the International Electrotechnical maintenance of electric installations in
Commission. hazardous areas (other than mines)";
• IEC Publication 79-18 (1992) Part 18

12.1.2. Safety electrical equipment "Electrical apparatus with type of protection
"m" (encapsulation)".
When reference is made, in the present Section
12., to safety material or equipment, it means
material or equipment for which satisfactory 12.1.3. Suitability of equipment
guarantees can be accepted by the Society when
evaluating the safety of their operation in the 12.1.3.1.
expected atmosphere. Such guarantees are to be
The electrical equipment mentioned in the
supplied under the form of certificates established
present Section 12. is to be certified as suitable for
by independent and competent institutions
the flammable gas/air mixture liable to be
recognised on a basis at least equivalent to the
encountered.
publications 79 of the International Electrotechnical
Commission:
12.1.3.2.
• IEC Publication 79-0 (1991), Part 0 "General Equipment located on board units on which
requirements"; hazardous areas exist, where required by the
• IEC Publication 79-1 (1993), Part 1
present Section 12. to be of a safety type, is to be
certified at least for the group IIA and the
"Construction and test of flameproof
temperature class T3.
enclosures of electrical apparatus";
• IEC Publication 79-1A (1975),.Amendment Note: the certification ratings specified by this requirement
N° 1 (1979), First supplement, Appendix D are valid only for gases emanating from hydrocarbon
"Method of test for ascertainment of products.
maximum experimental safe gap";
• IEC Publication 79-2 (1983), Part 2 12.1.4. Maintenance or modification

"Electrical apparatus-type of protection "p""; of safety electrical apparatus
• IEC Publication 79-5 (1967), Part 5 "Sand-
12.1.4.1.
filled apparatus";
It is reminded that, in pursuance of Rules for
• IEC Publication 79-6 (1968), Part 6 "Oil- Classification, checking, maintaining, or
immersed apparatus"; reconditioning of safety apparatus where
• IEC Publication 79-7 (1994), Part 7 necessary, are to be carried out at the care of
"Construction and test of electrical users, in accordance with the requirements of the
apparatus, type of protection "e""; IEC Publication 79-17 (1990), Part 17.
53
12.1.4.2. • neutral earthing systems of power
Any modification is to be the subject of a new distribution networks where the voltage is
certification by an independent competent 3 kV or over, provided that resulting current
institution (refer to 12.1.2.). It is to be reported with cannot flow through any hazardous area.
necessary documentation to the Society, in
accordance with the requirements of the IEC 12.2.3. Generators, switchboards
Publication 79-17 (1990), Part 17.
and batteries
Generators, switchboards and batteries are to be

12.2. Electrical systems on located in well ventilated spaces, separated from
board units and any zone 0 by cofferdams or equivalent spaces and
installations including from other hazardous areas by gas-tight steel
divisions without direct access.
hazardous areas
12.2.4. Cables
12.2.1. Application 12.2.4.1.
The present 12.2. is applicable to electrical Electric cables, with the exception of those of
systems of units and installations including intrinsically safe circuits or those mentioned in the
hazardous areas, as defined by the Society's Rules present 12.2.4. are not allowed in hazardous areas.
for Classification applicable to the unit or
installation considered, in addition to other 12.2.4.2.
applicable requirements of the present Rule Note. Cables likely to be exposed to oil or oil vapours
are to be protected with at least one of the
12.2.2. Distribution systems following:
12.2.2.1.
• copper sheath (for mineral insulated cables);
Earthed systems with or without hull return are

• non metallic impervious sheath plus earthed
armour for mechanical protection and earth
not allowed in units including hazardous areas,
detection.
except for the applications listed in 12.2.2.3.
12.2.4.3.
12.2.2.2.
Where there are risks of corrosion, a non metal
A permanent insulation level monitor is to be impervious sheath is to be applied over the armour.
installed to as to give audible and visual alarm in
case of abnormal decrease of earthing level.
12.2.4.4.
12.2.2.3. Cables installed on deck or gangways are to be
protected against mechanical damages.
The following hull currents are authorised:
• sacrificial anode protective systems, or

Cables and protective supports are to be so
installed as to avoid strain and chafing and to allow
impressed current protective systems for
for free displacement or working of the structure.
outer hull protection only. No electrical cable
or equipment relating to these installations is
Cables are to be fitted sufficiently far from steel
allowed in hazardous areas except the
pipes to avoid detrimental heating.
exemptions mentioned in the
present Section 12.;
It must be possible to proceed with dismantling
• limited and locally earthed systems, such as of pipes, where necessary, and particularly at the
combustion engine starting and ignition passages through bulkheads, without damaging
systems; cables.
• insulation level checking devices provided 12.2.4.5.

that the circulating current does not exceed,
in the worst case, 30 mA; Cables installed in pump rooms are to be
protected against risks of mechanical damage;
54
they are to be installed on cable runs and clearly 12.3.1.2.
separated from bulkheads and decks.
The Society is to be supplied, with a general
drawing showing the location of the electrical
12.2.4.6.
material with regard to the hazardous areas and
Supply cables to intrinsically safety type with the justification of the safety character of the
equipment are to be separated from the other electrical material to be used in these zones.
cables.
12.3.2. Cables and electrical

12.2.5. Earthing and bonding equipment
12.2.5.1. 12.3.2.1.
The hazard of an incentive discharge due to the Electrical equipment and cables installed in
build-up of static electricity resulting from the flow hazardous areas are to be limited to those
of liquid/gases/vapours can be avoided if the essential for operational purposes. Only cables and
resistance between the storage tanks / process types of equipment described in 12.3.2.2.
plant / piping systems and the structure of the unit to 12.3.2.4. may be installed.
or installation is less than 106 Ω.
The limitations of use of electrical equipment are
12.2.5.2. not applicable to "intrinsically-safe" type equipment
Bonding straps are required for cargo and circuits located in hazardous areas, including
tanks/process plant/piping systems which are not crude oil tanks and pipes.
permanently connected to the structure of the unit
or installation; this may be omitted where storage The use of intrinsically safe equipment and
tanks/process plant/piping systems are directly or circuits is generally prescribed where electrical
via their supports, either welded or bolted to the equipment is necessary for measuring, alarm,
structure of the unit or installation. instrumentation, remote control or communication
purposes.
12.2.5.3.
12.3.2.2.
Bonding straps are to be visible and protected
against mechanical damage as far as possible. In zone 0 spaces are permitted category "ia" or
"ib" intrinsically safe apparatus and associated
wiring.
12.2.6. Aerials
12.3.2.3.
The siting of aerials and associated parts such
In zone 1 spaces are permitted the following
as rigging is to be selected in relation with the
types of electrical equipment:
location of any gas and vapour outlets.
• category "Ex ia" or "Ex ib" intrinsically safe
apparatus and circuits;
12.3. Electrical systems in
hazardous areas • certified flameproof (explosion proof)
equipment;
12.3.1. General and application • certified increased safety equipment; for

increased safety motors, due consideration
is to be given to the protection against
12.3.1.1. overcurrent;
The present 12.3. is applicable to electrical
systems located in hazardous areas, as defined by
• pressurised enclosure type equipment which
is certified safe or to the satisfaction of the
the Society's Rules for Classification applicable to
Society;
the unit or installation considered, in addition to
other applicable requirements of the present Rule • equipment in an enclosure which is filled with
Note. a dielectric and which is to the satisfaction of
the Society;
• through-runs of cables.
55
12.3.2.4. • equipment in an enclosure which is filled with
In zone 2 spaces are permitted the following a dielectric and which is to the satisfaction of
types of electrical equipment: the Society;
• category "Ex ia" or "Ex ib" intrinsically safe

• any equipment of a type which ensures
absence of sparks, arcs or hot spots during
apparatus and circuits;
normal operation and which is to the
• certified flameproof (explosion proof) satisfaction of the Society;
equipment;
• through-runs of cables.
• certified increased safety equipment; for
increased safety motors, due consideration 12.3.2.5.
is to be given to the protection against Permanently installed fixed cables passing
overcurrent; through zone 1 hazardous areas are to be fitted
• pressurised enclosure type equipment which with a conductive covering, armour braiding or
is to the satisfaction of the Society; sheath.
56
SECTION 13.  SPARE GEARS
13.1. Generators and motors of 13.2. Switchgear and control

essential services gear
13.1.1. Generators 13.2.1. Control gear
For each type of generator required by the For the starting gear of motors supplying one of
present Rule Note, including rotating exciters, the the essential services specified in 1.8., the
following is recommended: following is recommended:
• one set of contacts which are subject to

13.1.2. D.c. generators: deterioration in service;
• one set of brushes; • one set of springs;
• two brush supports; • 10 % of different resistance of rheostat

elements, with a minimum of one element
• one set of roller bearings. per apparatus;
13.1.3. Alternators:
• one of each type of coil used for contactors,
relays, low voltage releases.
• one set of roller bearings. Where several starters in which these parts
are interchangeable are fitted on board, it is
Note: this recommendation is not applicable to emergency sufficient to provide, for six or less starters,
generating sets. one set of spare parts for the starter
employing the greatest number of parts.
13.1.4. Exciters except of

emergency generating set 13.2.2. Switchgear and distribution
boards
Where exciters include an electronic regulator, a
spare regulator of each type is recommended For each type of circuit-breaker or switch, the
unless said regulator is made of plug-in element; in following is recommended:
the latter case, a removable element of each type
likely to be damaged in service is enough. • one set of contacts which are subject to
deterioration in service;
Where alternators are excited by means of
rectifiers, 10 % of the rectifier cells are • one set of parts subject to wear or
recommended, with a minimum of 1. deterioration;
• one set of springs;

13.1.5. Motors
• one trip coil;
For each motor ensuring an essential service
one complete set of roller bearings is
• one resistance element (one of each type
used).
recommended.
For each type and size of fuse, a number of
However, for identical motors, it is considered as spare parts equal to 15 % of the total number,
sufficient to supply only one roller bearing of each subject to a minimum of 6 is recommended.
type for three.
For d.c. motors, one set of brushes of each size

is in addition.
57
13.3. Miscellaneous 13.3.3. Electronic material
Where electronic material is used for the

13.3.1. Navigation and signal lights operation of essential auxiliaries, a sufficient
number of spare parts or components is
For electrical navigation lights and signal lights, recommended. It is generally recommended to
and for their indicating devices one complete spare provide 5 % with at least 1 piece of each set or
set of lamps is recommended. sub-set.
13.3.2. Emergency lighting 13.3.4. Tools
Where the supply voltage of emergency circuit For plants rated above 10 kW, it is
differs from that of the main circuit, one complete recommended to provide an insulation level
spare set of lamps is recommended. measuring instrument powered with 500 V d.c.
58
SECTION 14.  TESTS
14.1. General The installation may be subdivided to any

desired extent starting from the distribution boards,
Before a new installation or a new part of it is put and appliances may be disconnected if initial tests
into service, the tests specified in the have given results lower than the requirement. In
present Section 14. are to be carried out. The the latter case, appliances such as radiators,
present requirement is applicable also in case of electric cookers, etc. are to be separately
significant modification or addition. subjected to an insulation measurement between
live parts and earth and the values of the
These tests do not substitute for the tests measurement are not to be less than 500 kΩ/kW
carried out at Manufacturer's works on the various for each.
items of the system for the purpose of the
application of the present Rule Note.
14.2.3. Internal communication
Note: refer for these tests to 5.2.5. for switchboards, 6.8. network
for rotating machines, 7.5. for transformers, 8.4.2. for control
gears and starters and 10.5. for static converters; refer in Insulation level of any circuit operating at 55 V or
case of high voltage systems to 11.3.3. for rotating more is to be at least 1 MΩ between conductor and
machines, 11.4.4. for transformers, 11.5.4. for switchboards earth and between conductors. Where circuits
and 11.6.4. for cables. operate at less than 55 V; level is to be at least
0,33 MΩ.
The test voltages and insulation levels indicated
in the present Section 14. are applicable to low Connected apparatuses may be disconnected
voltage installations. Where the voltage is from the tested circuit, as necessary.
comprised between 1 kV and 11 kV, suitable
values are mentioned in Section 11.
14.2.4. Generators, motors
14.2. Insulation level Insulation resistance is to be measured if

possible when hot; the value obtained when hot is
measurement U
not to be less than MΩ (refer to 6.8.4.).
1000
14.2.1. Switchboards
When testing, all appliances and circuits
Insulation level is to be measured between each normally connected between the generator and the
insulated busbar. The test is to be made with all first switch are to remain connected.
switches and circuit-breakers open, bar switches
may remain closed; fuses for pilot lamps, earth
indicator, voltmeters, etc., are to be removed and 14.3. Particular checkings
voltage coils disconnected.
Recorded level values are to be at least 1 MΩ. 14.3.1. Generators

14.2.2. Lighting and power circuits Generators are to be tested at full rated load for
a time sufficient to check the commutation,
Measurement is to be made on each fixed governing, lubrication and absence of vibrations or
cabling, between each conductor and earth and abnormal noises.
between conductors; values are to be at least
1 MΩ. Generators intended to operate in parallel are to
be tested over a range of loads sufficient to check
load sharing and parallel operation.
Voltage and speed automatic control when the

load is suddenly thrown on and off are to be
checked.
59
14.3.2. Motors In case of doubt, insulation level check may be
required.
Motors driving essential services,, together
with their control gear, are to be tested under
service conditions. 14.3.5. Lighting, heating and various
appliances (galley, pantry,
14.3.3. Protection gear etc.)
Switch gears are to be tested at a load as near Fixed appliances and corresponding electrical
as possible to the working load to check the circuits are to be tested under normal working
absence of overheating due to faulty connection or conditions as far as practicable.
incorrect rating. Circuit-breakers are to be tested,
as far as practicable at the rated load of the circuit
they control; checking is made on the working 14.3.6. Internal communication
condition of both the switch gears and their control systems
devices. Working condition of the other protection
devices (overcurrent, low voltage, back power, The alarm transmission system and the order
reverse current, load shedding relays) is also transmitters to the engines, steering gears and
checked. windlasses are to be checked in order.
14.3.4. Earthing 14.3.7. Emergency source,

transitional source
The following earthing elements are to be
inspected: The good working condition of the emergency
• distribution neutral (if provided);
sources, including the transitional source where
required by the Rules is to be checked. If automatic
• metallic structures (on random basis); starting and connecting is required, a so-called
black-out test is to be carried out.
• cable shields and cable conduits (on random
basis).
60
61

NR 428 DTO R01 E - Electrical Systems On Board Offshore Unit

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ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS ON BOARD

OFFSHORE UNITS AND

6.3. Any claim for damages of whatever nature by

SECTION 2.  DISTRIBUTION ......................................................................................................7

SECTION 3.  INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS......................................................................15

SECTION 5.  SWITCHBOARDS ...............................................................................................25

SECTION 9.  STORAGE BATTERIES ....................................................................................46

SECTION 10.  SEMICONDUCTOR STATIC CONVERTERS.............................................48

SECTION 12.  ADDITIONAL RULES FOR UNITS AND INSTALLATIONS INCLUDING

SECTION 13.  SPARE GEARS .................................................................................................57

SECTION 14.  TESTS .................................................................................................................59

1.1. Scope - classification 1.2. National Authorities

1.1.1. General 1.2.1. International Regulations

1.1.1.1. Attention is directed to the International

1.1.1.2. 1.2.3. Classification and statutory

Possible compliance of electrical systems with

• voltage: volts (V) and kilovolts (kV);

• wattless power: kilovolt-amperes (kVA);

• durations: hours (h); 1.5.1. General

1.4. General requirements 1.5.2.1.

An addition, temporary or permanent, to the • instrumentation and remote control

• in the case of a mobile unit, motions to

Where U n and Fn are respectively the rated

Location Protection index Exceptions

.Dry accommodation spaces IP 20

.Control rooms (navigating bridges) IP 22

.Bathrooms and showers IP 44

.Shaft or pipe tunnels in double bottom IP 55

.Weather decks IP 56 Lighting fittings

1.7.1. Direct current • single phase systems: 500 V

• lighting and socket-outlets: 250 V

• motors: 660 V • internal communication, remote control

• extra low voltage appliances: 55 V 1.7.3. Particular cases

For certain particular applications (propulsion or

2.1. Distribution systems

• alternating current: 2.3.1. Authorised uses

2.1.2. Non earthed systems • small units including no hazardous areas.

Note: earthing of neutral will be subject to special

2.2.1. Power supply circuits

• either supplied at an extra low voltage;

a) Where the emergency source of electrical a) Emergency generators are to be capable of

2.5.3. Transitional source d) The emergency switchboard is to be

2.5.6.3. 2.7.1. Lighting circuits

In the main engine spaces and other large

2.7.3. Fuel pumps and forced 2.7.7. Fixed gas fire-extinguishing

The supply is to be provided by separate 2.8. Diversity factors

3.1. General a) At least two independent means are to be

• engine room alarm system; b) Power failure of the telegraph or similar

3.2.2. Alarm signals - Engine room 3.2.2.5. General alarm system

4.1. Choice of cables 4.1.2. Protective covering

Maximum conductor temperature

Type of insulating Abbreviated designation Normal operation

Maximum conductor temperature

Type of insulating Abbreviated designation Normal operation

4.2.3. Correction factors for Reciprocally, where the ambient temperature is

Cross section in mm2 Correction factor 4.3.1. Choice of runs

400 0,97 4.3.1.1.

500 0,94 Cables runs are to be as straight and as