Reviewer in English 3

ENGLISH 3
֍֍ Courteous expressions used in

conversations ֍֍
Please Thank you May I
I am sorry Excuse me Good-bye
1. Please when we want somebody to do something for us.

2. Thank you or thanks when somebody gives us something or
does something for us.
3. May I when we ask permission to do something.
4. I am sorry when we hurt somebody or when we have done
something wrong to somebody.
5. Excuse me when we want to pass between two people who
are talking or blocking our way or when we want to get the
attention of a person who is busy doing something.
6. Good-bye when we want to leave
֍֍ Courtesy over telephone conversations֍֍
There are different courteous expressions used in
greeting others, saying good-bye, apologizing, using the
telephone, texting and chatting online. We should be courteous
in varied situations even not in face-to-face set up.
Sample activity
֍֍ Appropriate greetings for different times
during the day֍֍
Why do we greet people? How do you feel when you are

greeted?
There are appropriate greetings used for different
times of the day:
Good morning! Good afternoon!
Good evening! Good night!

֍֍Sentences and nonsentences֍֍
Compare the group of words below.
SET A SET B
Cel and Amy were Cel and Amy were busy with their cross-stitch projects.
a difficult cross-stitch design Cel was working on a difficult cross-stitch design.
Amy’s project Amy’s project had a simple design.
is beautiful Your project is beautiful, Cel!
is also beautiful Yours is also beautiful, Amy.
The two girls The two girls are working on their projects.
Set A shows phrases. A phrase is a group of words that doesn't

have a subject and a predicate. A phrase cannot stand alone and does
not express a complete thought. Phrases are nonsentences. Set B
shows sentences. A sentence is a collection of words that include a
subject and a predicate and can be used to express a complete
thought. It starts with a capital letter and ends with a punctuation
mark. Sentences can stand alone.
Examples:
My brother is playing chess.
I am the class president.
They are helping each other.
The above-mentioned examples express complete thought and make

sense. They all start with a capital letter and ends with a punctuation
mark.
֍֍ Parts of a sentence֍֍
There are two parts of a sentence; the subject and the
predicate. The subject is what (or whom) the sentence is
about. The predicate tells something about the subject.
Examples:
Subjects:
Randy is my cousin.
The girls were having conversations.
Predicate:
Randy is my cousin.
The girls were having conversations.
The subject in the sentence can be identified by
asking “who or what are we talking about?” For example,
“Randy is my cousin.” Who are we talking about? Randy.
Randy is therefore the subject in the sentence. The
predicate in a sentence tells something about the subject.
For example, “Randy is my cousin.” The subject is Randy.
What about Randy? Randy is my cousin. The phrase “is my
cousin” tells something about Randy. Therefore, the
predicate in the given example is, “is my cousin.” Lastly, we
can find the verb in the predicate. “Is” is a linking verb
included in the identified predicate.
֍֍ Kinds of sentences֍֍
Reading Activity:
Miss Sanchez: Good morning, class!
Students : Good morning, Miss Sanchez!
Miss Sanchez: Our lesson today is about the different parts
of the body. Can you name some parts of the body? Please
start the discussion, Paula.
Paula : We should eat food that is healthful, drink lots
of water, and exercise regularly.
Miss Sanchez: Very good, Paula. What about you, Joseph?
Joseph : Taking a bath every day is important. We
should also have enough rest and sleep.
The dialogue you have just read uses different kinds of

sentences. Here are the four kinds of sentences:
1. The declarative sentence states a fact. It is
sometimes called the telling sentence. The first word of this
sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a period (.).
Examples: The earth is round.
Rice grows abundantly in Central Luzon.
2. The interrogative sentence is a question. It is also
called the asking sentence. The first word of this sentence
begins with a capital letter and ends with a question mark (?).
Examples: Where do you study?
Does Paula have a favorite sport?
3. The imperative sentence expresses a command or a
request. The first word of theis sentence begins with a capital
letter and ends with a period (.).
Examples: Keep quiet.
Please close the door gently.
4. The exclamatory sentence expresses a strong or
sudden emotion. The first word of this sentence begins with a
capital letter and ends with an exclamation point (!).
Examples: Look, the house is on fire!
What a delight it is to see you!
Go!
֍֍ Sentence Patterns֍֍
A pattern is a guide or a model to be followed when
making something. A dressmaker makes a paper pattern before
cutting the cloth she is to sew into a dress. An architect draws
the plan or design of a house, which the contractor refers to
when building a house. The same is true with an engineer. He
draws the plan for a building or a bridge that needs to be
constructed.
When constructing sentences, we also follow patterns.
The dictionary defines patterns as an outline, a model, an
example, or a guide. A pattern for making a sentence is called a
sentence pattern.
S-V Pattern
One kind of sentence pattern is the S-V pattern. The
S stands for the subject and the V stands for the verb. The
subject may be a noun or pronoun.
Examples:
S V
1. The turtle walks slowly.
S V
2. He laughed loudly.
S V
3. Mary studies diligently.
S-V-O Pattern
Another kind of pattern is the S-V-O pattern. The S
stands for the subject of the sentence, the V for the verb,
and the O for the direct object or the receiver of the action.
Examples:
S V O
1. The pupils copied the assignment.
S V O
2. My father hugged my mother.
S V O
3. The monkey ate some bananas.
S V O
4. I called my friend.
Remember that the object (O) or the receiver of the
action answers the questions what or who. In the first
sentence, the object assignment answers the question what.
The pupils copied the assignment.
What did the pupils copy? Assignment

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ENGLISH 3

֍֍ Courteous expressions used in

Please Thank you May I

I am sorry Excuse me Good-bye

1. Please when we want somebody to do something for us.

Why do we greet people? How do you feel when you are

Good morning! Good afternoon!

Good evening! Good night!

Set A shows phrases. A phrase is a group of words that doesn't

My brother is playing chess.

I am the class president.

They are helping each other.

The above-mentioned examples express complete thought and make

The dialogue you have just read uses different kinds of

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