Assignment No.

01
EE-120 Electronics Devices and Circuits
BSEE 2022-26 (2nd Semester)
(CLO 1)
Submission Date: 17-03-2023

Note

• Copy is forbidden,
• Late submitted assignment will not be graded.
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1. For the circuits shown in Fig. below using ideal diodes, find the values of the voltages and currents
indicated.

2. For the circuits shown in Fig. below using ideal diodes, find the values of the labeled voltages and
currents

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3. The circuits shown in Fig. below can function as logic gates for input voltages that are either high or
low. Using “1” to denote the high value and “0” to denote the low value, prepare a table with four
columns including all possible input combinations and the resulting values of X and Y.
a) What logic function is X of A and B?
b) What logic function is Y of A and B?
c) For what values of A and B do X and Y have the same value?
d) For what values of A and B do X and Y have opposite values?

4. Assuming that the diodes in the circuits of Fig. below are ideal, find the values of the labeled
voltages and currents.

5. The following measurements are taken on particular junction diodes for which V is the terminal
voltage and I is the diode current. For each diode, estimate values of IS and the terminal voltage at
10% of the measured current.

(a) V = 0.700 V at I = 1.00 A

(b) V = 0.650 V at I = 1.00 mA
(c) V = 0.650 V at I = 10 μA
(d) V = 0.700 V at I = 10 mA
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6. A diode fed with a constant current 𝐼 = 1 𝑚𝐴 has a voltage 𝑉 = 690 𝑚𝑉 𝑎𝑡 20° 𝐶. Find the
diode voltage at – 20° 𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑 + 70° 𝐶.
7. In the circuit shown in Fig. below, 𝐷1 is a large-area, high-current diode whose reverse leakage is
high and independent of applied voltage, while 𝐷2 is a much smaller, low-current diode. At an
ambient temperature of 20°C, resistor R1 is adjusted to make VR1 = V2 = 520 mV. Subsequent
measurement indicates that R1 is 520 kΩ. What do you expect the voltages VR1 and V2 to become at
0°C and at 40°C?

8. Consider the graphical analysis of the diode circuit with VDD = 1 V, R = 1 kΩ, and a diode having
𝐼𝑆 = 10−15 𝐴 A. Calculate a small number of points on the diode characteristic in the vicinity of
where you expect the load line to intersect it, and use a graphical process to refine your
estimate of diode current. What value of diode current and voltage do you find? Analytically, find
the voltage corresponding to your estimate of current. By how much does it differ from the
graphically estimated value?
9. The small-signal model is said to be valid for voltage variations of about 5 mV. To what percentage
current change does this correspond? (Consider both positive and negative signals.) What is the
maximum allowable voltage signal (positive or negative) if the current change is to be limited to
10%?
10. Partial specifications of a collection of zener diodes are provided below. For each, identify the
missing parameter, and estimate its value. Note from Fig. that 𝑉𝑍𝐾 = 𝑉𝑍0.

(𝑎) 𝑉𝑍 = 10.0 𝑉, 𝑉𝑍𝐾 = 9.6 𝑉, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐼𝑍𝑇 = 50 𝑚𝐴

(𝑏) 𝐼𝑍𝑇 = 10 𝑚𝐴, 𝑉𝑍 = 9.1 𝑉, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑧 = 30 𝛺
(𝑐) 𝑟𝑧 = 2 𝛺, 𝑉𝑍 = 6.8 𝑉, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉𝑍𝐾 = 6.6 𝑉
(𝑑) 𝑉𝑍 = 18 𝑉, 𝐼𝑍𝑇 = 5 𝑚𝐴, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉𝑍𝐾 = 17.6 𝑉
(𝑒) 𝐼𝑍𝑇 = 200 𝑚𝐴, 𝑉𝑍 = 7.5 𝑉, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑧 = 1.5 𝛺

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11. A 9.1-V zener diode exhibits its nominal voltage at a test current of 28 mA. At this current the
incremental resistance is specified as 5 Ω. Find VZ0 of the zener model. Find the zener voltage at a
current of 10 mA and at 100 mA.
12. A zener shunt regulator employs a 9.1-V zener diode for which VZ = 9.1 V at IZ = 9 mA, with rz =
30 Ω and IZK = 0.3mA. The available supply voltage of 15 V can vary as much as ±10%. For this
diode, what is the value of VZ0? For a nominal load resistance RL of 1 kΩ and a nominal zener
current of 10mA, what current must flow in the supply resistor R? For the nominal value of supply
voltage, select a value for resistor R,specified to one significant digit, to provide at least that
current.What nominal output voltage results? For a ±10% change in thesupply voltage, what variation
in output voltage results? If the load current is reduced by 50%, what increase in VO results? What
is the smallest value of load resistance that can be tolerated while maintaining regulation when the
supply voltage is low? What is the lowest possible output voltage that results? Calculate values for
the line regulation and for the load regulation for this circuit using the numerical results obtained in
this problem.
13. Consider the half-wave rectifier circuit of Fig. below with the diode reversed. Let vS be a sinusoid
with 12-V peak amplitude, and let R = 1.5 kΩ. Use the constant-voltagedrop diode model with VD
= 0.7 V.
(a) Sketch the transfer characteristic.
(b) Sketch the waveform of vO.
(c) Find the average value of vO.
(d) Find the peak current in the diode.
(e) Find the PIV of the diode

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14. A half-wave rectifier circuit with a 1-kΩ load operates from a 120-V (rms) 60-Hz household supply
through a 10-to-1 step-down transformer. It uses a silicon diode that can be modeled to have a 0.7-V
drop for any current.What is the peak voltage of the rectified output? For what fraction of the cycle
does the diode conduct? What is the average output voltage? What is the average current in the load?
15. A full-wave bridge rectifier circuit with a 1-kΩ load operates from a 120-V (rms) 60-Hz household
supply through a 10-to-1 step-down transformer having a single secondary winding. It uses four
diodes, each of which can be modeled to have a 0.7-V drop for any current. What is the peak value
of the rectified voltage across the load? For what fraction of a cycle does each diode conduct? What
is the average voltage across the load? What is the average current through the load?
16. It is required to use a peak rectifier to design a dc power supply that provides an average dc output
voltage of 15 V on which a maximum of ±1-V ripple is allowed. The rectifier feeds a load of 150
Ω. The rectifier is fed from the line voltage (120 V rms, 60 Hz) through a transformer. The diodes
available have 0.7-V drop when conducting. If the designer opts for the half-wave circuit:
(a) Specify the rms voltage that must appear across the transformer secondary.
(b) Find the required value of the filter capacitor.
(c) Find the maximum reverse voltage that will appear across the diode, and specify the PIV rating
of the diode.
(d) Calculate the average current through the diode during conduction.
(e) Calculate the peak diode current.
17. Determine the output voltage waveform for each circuit in figure below.

18. Determine the output voltage waveform for each circuit in figure below.

19. Determine the output voltage waveform for each circuit in figure below.

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20. Design limiter circuits using only diodes and 10-kΩ resistors to provide an output signal limited to
the range:
(a) -0.7 V and above
(b) -2.1 V and above
(c) ±1.4 V
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