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Geometry 5 Marker

1. For a triangle ABC, a circle through the incentre I tangent to AB at A intersects BC at D and its extension at E. The line IC intersects the circle at a point M such that the distances MD and ME are equal. 2. Given an excircle tangent to the sides of triangle ABC, the sum of digits of the distance between two points on the excircle related to the triangle is 13. 3. For a trapezoid with bases 50 and 125 and legs 45 and 60, the area of intersection between two circles with the same radius is 14,450π/7,225√3 in simplest radical form. 4. For three cities forming an equilateral

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Harshit Singh
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32 views

Geometry 5 Marker

1. For a triangle ABC, a circle through the incentre I tangent to AB at A intersects BC at D and its extension at E. The line IC intersects the circle at a point M such that the distances MD and ME are equal. 2. Given an excircle tangent to the sides of triangle ABC, the sum of digits of the distance between two points on the excircle related to the triangle is 13. 3. For a trapezoid with bases 50 and 125 and legs 45 and 60, the area of intersection between two circles with the same radius is 14,450π/7,225√3 in simplest radical form. 4. For three cities forming an equilateral

Uploaded by

Harshit Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

A circle  through the incentre I of a triangle ABC and tangent to AB at A, intersects the segment
BC at D and the extension of BC at E. Prove that the line IC intersects  at a point M such that MD
= ME.
2. Let ABC be a triangle with BC = 2007, CA = 2008, AB = 2009. Let  be an excircle of ABC that
touches the line segment BC at D, and touches extensions of lines AC and AB at E and F,
respectively (so that C lies on segment AE and B lies on segment AF). Let O he the center of . Let
ℓ be the line through O perpendicular to AD. Let ℓ meet line EF at G. If the length DG = x, find sum
of digits of x.
3. Let ABCD be n trapezoid with bases AB = 50 and CD = 125, and legs AD = 45 mid BC = 60.
Find the area of the intersection between the circle centered at B with radius BD and the circle
centered at D with radius BD. Express your answer as a common fraction in simplest radical
form and in terms of .
4. Three cities that are located on the vertices of an equilateral triangle with side length 100 units.
A missile flies in a straight line in the same plane as the equilateral triangle formed by the three
cities. The radar from City A reported that the closest approach of the missile was 20 units.
The radar from City B reported that the closest approach of the missile was 60 units. However,
the radar for city C malfunctioned and did not report a distance. Find the minimum possible
distance for the closest approach of the missile to city C.
5. Let ABC be a triangle with unequal sides. The medians of △ABC, when exteded, intersect its
circumcircle in points L, M, N. If L lies on the median through A and LM = LN, prove that
2BC2 = CA2 + AB2
1. A circle  through the incentre I of a triangle ABC and tangent to AD at A, intersects the segment
BC at D and the extension of BC at E. Prove that the line IC intersects  at a point M such that MD
= ME.
Sol:

2. Let ABC be a triangle with BC = 2007, CA = 2008, AB = 2009. Let  be an excircle of ABC that
touches the line segment BC at D, and touches extensions of lines AC and AB at E and F,
respectively (so that C lies on segment AE and B lies on segment AF). Let O he the center of . Let
ℓ be the line through O perpendicular to AD. Let ℓ meet line EF at G. If the length DG = x, find sum
of digits of x.
Ans: 13.00
Sol: Let line AD meet  again at H. Since AF and AE are tangents to  and ADH is a secant, we see that
DEHF is a harmonic quadrilateral. This implies that the pole of AD with respect to  lies on EF.
Since ℓ ⊥ 1 AD, the pole of AD lies on ℓ. It follows that the pole of AD is G.
Thus G must lie on the tangent to  at D, so C, D, B, G are collinear. Furthermore, since the pencil
of lines (AF, AF; AD, AG) is harmonic, by intersecting it with the line BC, we see that (C, B; D, G)
is harmonic as well. This means that
BD CG
. = −1.
DC GB
1
(where the length are directed.) The semi perimeter of ABC is s = (2007 + 2008 + 2009) = 3012.
2
So BD = s – 2009 = 1003 and CD = s – 2008 = 1004. Let x = DG, then the above equations gives
1003 x + 1004
. = 1.
1004 x − 1003
Solving gives x = 2014024.
3. Let ABCD be n trapezoid with bases AB = 50 and CD = 125, and legs AD = 45 mid BC = 60.
Find the area of the intersection between the circle centered at B with radius BD and the circle
centered at D with radius BD. Express your answer as a common fraction in simplest radical
form and in terms of .

14, 450 7, 225 3


Ans: −
3 2
Sol:
4. Three cities that are located on the vertices of an equilateral triangle with side length 100 units.
A missile flies in a straight line in the same plane as the equilateral triangle formed by the three
cities. The radar from City A reported that the closest approach of the missile was 20 units.
The radar from City B reported that the closest approach of the missile was 60 units. However,
the radar for city C malfunctioned and did not report a distance. Find the minimum possible
distance for the closest approach of the missile to city C.
Ans: 30 3 − 20
Sol:
5. Let ABC be a triangle with unequal sides. The medians of △ABC, when exteded, intersect its
circumcircle in points L, M, N. If L lies on the median through A and LM = LN, prove that
2BC2 = CA2 + AB2
Sol: We note that the triangles AGB and MGL are similar because GAB = GML (same segment) and
AGB = MGL. Hence

AG AB c
= i.e. AG = MG. . …..(1)
MG LM LM
Similarly, AGC ~NGL and so
AG AC b
= i.e. AG = NG. . …(2)
NG NL NL
Also, by data LM = LN, Hence by (1), (2) we get
MG b
= …(3)
GN c
Since the chord BM and CN intersect at G, we have
BG.GM = CG.GN.
So by (3), BG.b = CG.c and so
2 2
BB'.b = CC '.c or 2BB'2 . b 2 = 2CC' . c 2 .
3 3
So, applying Apollonius’ theorem twice we get
b2(c2 + a2 – 2AB’2) = c2 (a2 + b2 – 2AC’2),
1 1
b2(c2 + a2 - ) = c2(a2 + b2 - c2),
2 2
1 4 4
a2(b2 – c2) = (b – c ),
2
2a2 = b2 + c2, as b  c.

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