GEC 8 Worksheets Final

ETHICS (GEC 8)
PRELIM AND
MIDTERM WORKSHEETS
SUBMITTED TO:
DR. SAMSON B. BEGAS

Course Facilitator
COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCES AND EDUCATION
Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 1
Topic The Importance of Rules

Name Sr. Jolly joy D. Denosta
Course, Yr. & Section BSEd/REED 3
Answer the following questions.
1. Why are rules important?

- Rules itself are considered the guide of the people towards a peaceful
community. It can lead us in doing right things and enable us to achieve peace
and order.
2. Reflect on your attitude toward rules. Do you welcome rules? Are you allergic to rules?
What if there were no rules?
- My attitude towards the rules is emphatic wherein I understand what is rules is
all about and why they are implemented. I am not allergic to rules because rules
are meant to maintain peace and order. If there is no rules in the society there
will be a chaos all over the society because there is no rules that is meant to guide
people towards peace.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 2
Topic Moral and Non-Moral Standards

1. In Fyodor Dostoevsky’s The Brothers Karamasov, Ivan Karamasovone asserted the

famous line, “If God does not exist everything is permitted.”
a) How does this relate to our lesson on source of moral standards?

- It relates to our lesson because Moral Standard is the norms which we have
about the types of action which we believe to be morally acceptable and morally
unacceptable and the moral standard is based on Natural Law of God.
b) The deeper and stronger one’s faith in God is, the deeper and stronger is his/her
morality is this an implication of this quoted line? Why?
- Yes, because God is the source of Morality God is the author of the Natural Law
of the 10 Commandments and the Natural Law is Moral Standards.
c) Using your knowledge of logic, what will be the continuation of Karamasov’s
syllogism?
- I think the continuation will be “This is the world that God created, and we
cannot decline with it. It is his rules imposed.”
2. Distinguish between moral standards and non-moral standards.
- Moral Standards are fair and just associated with special emotions and
vocabulary such as right or wrong. While, Non-moral Standards refers to
standards by which we judge what is good or bad and right or wrong in a non-
moral way.
3. Does belief in God strengthen a person to be moral? Explain your answer.
- Yes, because God itself is sacred and therefore the word of God is also sacred.
4. It is more difficult to do only that which is moral than to do anything you want to do. But
you keep on striving to do only that which is moral, anyway. What makes you strive to
do only that which is moral even if difficult? Write your reflection.
- I don’t think it is hard to act morally most of the time. I think the moral state is
the natural state. From day one you are taught who owns what and what will
happen if you take what even yours. Even the prohibitions written down in the
holy books came from oral traditions also that came from recounting individual
experiences and the consequences that immediately followed.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 3
Topic Moral Dilemmas

Name Sr.Jolly joy D. Denosta
1. Are these moral dilemmas? Explain your answer.
a) Taking credit for other’s work in order to get promoted.
b) Manufacturing and distributing fake drugs for profit.
c) Offering a client a worse product for bigger profit.
d) Utilizing inside knowledge for your own profit.

- Yes, these are Moral Dilemmas because you have the chance to choose between
to do the right thing or to do the bad thing. But you didn’t follow the right
choice and you pursue the right path for yourself.
2. What is a moral dilemma that you have experienced directly or vicariously (from
reading)? Are you happy with how you addressed the moral dilemma you went through?
Or do you agree with how the moral dilemma that you read was addressed? Write your
reflections.
- Yes, I am happy how I addressed my moral dilemma that went through. Because
in every life of an individual you have the right to choose and to live your life in
your own way.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 4
Topic The Three Levels of Moral Dilemmas

1. “Man is not made for Sabbath. The Sabbath is made for man.” How can this guide you
when face with structural dilemma o strict adherence to rules versus flexibility?
- It is meant for man so human being will not forget to attend Sabbath Mass for
the blessing and also during Sabbath Day we as man is being blessed by Holy
Spirit in making our decision in our daily life just like how we face dilemmas.
2. What structural dilemma have you experienced? How did you deal with it? Are you
happy with how you deal with it? Explain your answer.
- Structural Dilemma that I’ve experience is during my work inside my
community place with my colleagues. I deal with it just being calm and
explaining the said situation for them to understand. Yes, I am very happy when
I deal with it because it gives me satisfaction.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 5
Topic Freedom as Foundation for Moral Acts

1. Bernard Haring says “Morality is for persons.” What does this mean?
- Morality is for person because only person/human being has the capacity to
morally choose between good or bad and only person knows it actions and free
will.
2. Explain why only human beings, not the brutes, can be ethical.
- Only human beings can act morally because human being can act normally and
since animals cannot act morally, they will not sacrifice their own good for the
sake of others, but will rather pursue their good even at the expense of others.
3. What choice have you made in life recently? Are you happy with that choice? Are you
grateful you have the capacity to choose freely?
- The choice I made recently is separating on my family and owning my own
shelter. Yes, I am happy with my choice and also I am very grateful because I
have the capacity to choose freely because my choices made me happier than
ever.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 6
Topic Culture: How it Defines Moral Behavior

1. Cite a behavior of yours which is an influence of your culture. Is that behavior morally
right? Explain your answer.
- My behavior that is an influence of culture is following the superstitious beliefs of
my family. For me, it is morally right because there's nothing wrong following it.
2. Reflect one cultural practice of yours. Is it moral in the sense that it makes you more?
- No, because that implies not always being in reflection of cultural practices makes
you less human, what it does is make you more of a critical thinker which while
good isn't more human.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 7
Topic Cultural Relativism

1. Is cultural perspective the same as cultural relativism? Explain your answer.

- Cultural relativism and cultural perspective are two ways of looking at the world.
Cultural relativism is the idea that cultures should be evaluated based on their own
standards and values, while cultural perspective is the idea that cultures can be
analyzed and understood based on our own cultural values and norms.
2. What is the strength of cultural relativism? What is a weakness of cultural relativism?

- The strength of cultural relativism is that it promotes greater diversity and
understanding of ethical differences and reduces the likelihood of an imperialist
imposition of values. The weakness of cultural relativism is its propensity towards
quietism which may compromise action to protect human rights.
3. Do you really agree with the concept of cultural relativism? Why or why not?
- Yes, because cultural relativism are correct that sometimes we should be more
tolerant and accepting of cultural differences. Some things done in other cultures
are unfamiliar and may seem strange.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 8
Topic The Filipino Character

1. The Taoist principle states: “What I think must be the same as what I say and what I say
must be the same as what I do.” what does this principle mean?
- The result is oneness of thought, word and action, and its effect is an integrated
personality made whole.
2. Accomplish this table.
Filipino Trait What is positive What is negative What should be

about it? about it? done to make it a
positive trait?
1. Bayanihan Inspire the People has the Working together
community to help tendency to ask for as a community to
fellow countrymen compensation may achieve a common
in times of need it be monetary, or goal.
without expecting service.
anything in return.
2. Strong Children feel secure When family ties Having regular
Family Ties and loved when go awry, a meals, or taking
they have strong multitude of holidays as a
and positive family negative family. It is
relationships. psychological important to spend
Positive family effects overtake the one-on-one time
relationships are behaviors and with each member
built on quality personalities of of the family to
time, people involved. build trust, and
communication, This include also to share
teamwork, and psychological burdens.
appreciation of each trauma, tensions,
other. bitterness, fears,
anxiety,
depression,
frustration,
resentment or
hostility against
each other.
3. Bahala na Attitude that It’s sign of laziness Encouraging and
expresses courage for some business telling themselves
and faith in God. people who refuse that they are ready
to prepare for to deal with tough
upcoming events situations of
out of fear laziness. changing moments
that may come into
their lives.
3. Among the weaknesses of the Filipino Character, which applies to you? What have you
done to counteract such to become the moral person you are called to be?
- Bahala na Attitude. Since I try to deal with it by encouraging myself and by
reminding that if I was lazy nothing will change in my life.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 9
Topic Universal Values

Course, Yr. & Section BSE/REED 3
1. Explain why universal values are a necessity for human survival.

- Every society needs to be bound together by common values, so that its members
know what to expect of each other, and have some shared principles by which to
manage their differences without resorting to violence.
2. What if there were no universal values? Explain.
- I believe that if there's no Universal Values, there is no understanding, unity,
sympathy, most of all, we can't build a stronger nation. Universal Values plays a
vital role in ours because our values are important, that they help us to grow and
develop. They help us to create the future we want to experience. The decisions we
make are a reflection of our values and beliefs, and they are always directed
towards a specific purpose.
3. Compose a song on a universal value of your choice. Sing it in a video and send to our
gc. Write the lyrics below.
I JUST WANT TO HIDE
What if I’m stuck
And I can’t decide?
Things get too much,
And I just want to hide…
Remember all the words of advice,
And….
You must think twice,

And….
Make a stand for what you believe is true
Before you start to act take a second,
to consider,
The consequences,
Of every choose.
Why do I do.
The things that I do?
What makes me choose,
The things that I choose?
Do the right thing,
Choose the right choice,
Use a kind voice,
Make a positive difference to
Your day.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 10
Topic Man as a Moral Agent

1. Is a permanently insane person considered a moral agent? What about a person with some
psychological trauma, psychotic illness episode or mental condition that rendered him
insane at the time he committed the crime? Is he a moral agent? Explain your answer.
- No, an insane person may be incapable of distinguishing between what is moral
and what is not. While a person who became insane by the time he committed a
crime is moral agent because he had the capacity to know what is moral before
he went insane and he accepted responsibility for his actions.
2. Why can’t the lower forms of animals be considered as moral agents?
- Because of their less understanding of li, animals cannot be moral in all the ways
we can be moral. But they can be moral in one of the ways we can be moral: they
can be motivated to act by moral emotions – emotions that take the well-being of
others as their intentional objects.
3. For a person’s fundamental options either he/she chooses between two. Who or which are
these two options?
- It is an act of human self-realization which is also a transcendental human
response to God’s offer of Grace. So us human being we only choose the works
of goodness of the Lord.
4. From the innermost core of your being, who have you chosen God (goodness) or not God
(the evil)? How true have you been to your fundamental option? Is your life one of
communion with God or one of isolation?
- I would be assured in stating that I have chosen God over evilness from the
depths of my being. Even if I am a sinner, I always see God as my one and only
omnipotent treasure. I used to have a boat load of problems these past few years
ago. There were numerous thoughts running through my mind that I should put
an end to my mystery because I was drowning in sadness. But then I realize it
was a miracle that God opened my eyes and made a way for me to walk down.
When everyone else abandoned me on the lake of agony, God was there. God is
Good, all the time and all the time God is good.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 11
Topic The Development of Moral Character of the

Moral Agent
1. Based on the narration of St. Paul’s and St. Augustine’s conversion, can we say one’s
defining moment is one’s moment of conversion? Explain your answer.
- Yes for both of them. St. Paul’s conversion is found in Acts 9 with his encounter
with Christ on his was to Damascus while St. Augustine’s conversion account is
found in Confessions. For most of us, it is a lifelong spiritual journey.
2. Define defining moment in a person’s life.
- A defining moment is a point in your life when you're urged to make a pivotal
decision, or when you experience something that fundamentally changes you. Not
only do these moments define us, but they have a transformative effect on our
perceptions and behaviors.
3. Explain the relationship between moral acts and moral character.
- Consequently, the morality of one's actions also reflects and forms one's character.
Good moral actions come from a good character and form a good character. Bad
moral actions come from and form a bad character.
4. What was a defining moment in your life? What do you do to form your moral character?
Support your answer.
- My defining moment in my life is when I entered in the convent and live my
Family that kind of decision is not easy but I always trust God’s plan. Many
challenges came to my life but God always there to help me all my worries to my
family is gone because I always trust God I always pray to Him. Also because of
the help of my community my new family I know following the foot step of our
Lord is not easy a lot of challenges and temptation but God did not forget to help
me so that I can persevere to vocation as being a consecrated person.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 12
Topic The Stages of Moral Development

1. Which level of Kohlberg’s moral development did the Greatest Teacher, Jesus
Christreach? Explain your answer.
- Level /Stage 6. Because no one has ever done like Jesus Christ did for the
salvation of Human Kind. Only Jesus Christ has the power to do it just for us.
2. What is the ideal stage of moral development in Kohlberg? Support your answer.
- Stage 6: Universal ethical principle orientation
According to Kohlberg, this is the highest stage of functioning. However, he claimed
that some individuals will never reach this level. At this stage, the appropriate
action is determined by one's self-chosen ethical principles of conscience.
3. What are you doing for genuine conscience formation to reach post-conventional level of
moral development, the full internalization of universal ethical principles?
- The morality of an action depends heavily on peer approval. For example I
better not drink and drive because my friends will think less of me and I, in
turn, will think less of myself.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 13
Topic The Meaning of Human Act

1. Illustrate with at least 3 examples, “the end does not justify the means.”
- Cheating just to get a high grade.
- Lying about things just to get yourself pass through.
- Working on illegal things just for money.
2. Can act of man be considered human act if the action is carried out with malice? Why or
why not?
- A human act is an action that is considered to be carried out voluntarily, whereas
an. man and a human act are often a focus of philosophical debate. Human acts if
the action is carried out with malice.
3. As a moral person, you perform moral acts. What human acts\s do you frequently
perform? Why?
- As a moral the human acts I perform regularly is one being generous on my
neighbors especially when they need something I give it to them without
hesitation and two be forgiving, whether it is your fault or not I always tend to
forgive or saying sorry and letting myself swallowed by anger. In these two
simple ways we can be a good influence to other people.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 14
Topic Accountability of Moral Act

1. A nurse unknowingly gave a patient an overdose of medicine. Is the nurse accountable

for her action? Explain your answer.
- Yes, the nurse is accountable. Because it is the duty of the nurse to make sure
nor to check the medicine she/he gave to the patient. Therefore, he/she as a nurse
is accountable.
2. What are you doing to grow continuously in knowledge, in freedom and voluntariness to
be the moral person you are meant to be? Write your reflections below.
- As a human being therefore I am not perfect but instead of doing something
wrong, I am going to ask God for guidance because those who seek God will be
blessed and guided towards the right path.
3. Schools in the city have already suspended classes due to an incoming typhoon except
school B which was waiting for the decision for the school president. Student C wrote on
Facebook – “That goddamn stupid Principal and Asst. Principal. When are they
suspending classes? When all students are wet and sick???!!!”
Was the student who wrote those in Facebook accountable? Explain your answer.
- Yes, it is because that the student was blaming the principals but they have no
fault since the decision is on the school President not on them.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 15
Topic Feeling as a Modifier of Moral Decision-

Making
1. Recall one thing you learned which you clearly remember up to this moment. Is it correct
to say that if ever you remember that which you learned up to now, it is because it
touched you somehow? What does this tell you about emotion in relation to learning?
- One thing I have learned in life is to share your blessings. And yes that if you
remember up to now it touched you somehow because it happens on me, it
taught be that many people are unfortunate not all people are blessed with
money nor stable life so if have received an abundant blessing share with other
because it is the Lord’s plan.
2. Do feelings serve moral decision making? Explain your answer.
- Emotions – that is to say feelings and intuitions – play a major role in most of the
ethical decisions people make. Most people do not realize how much their emotions
direct their moral choices. But experts think it is impossible to make any important
moral judgments without emotions.
3. When do feelings work against moral decision making? Explain.
- When your decision is morally wrong, feelings will be involve in your decision
making. Feeling and emotions are essentially part of our life in decision making
process now therefore if your decisions is against the moral standard they/it will
interfere.
4. Recall a moral decision you made. Did you consider your feelings? Did you end up
doing the right thing or the wrong thing? If you ended up wrongly, why? Any lesson
learned?
- Reporting that my classmate cheats on the exam. And yes I did consider my
feelings, but on the contrary I did ended up doing the right time. I have learned
that no matter how hard the situation is don’t cheat.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 16
Topic Reason and Impartiality as Minimum

Requirements for Morality
1. Why are the argumentum, ad hominem, ad verecundiam, ad miserecordiam out of place

in moral response?
- Because they are irrelevant. They shift the focus of the argument away from the
central concern to peripheral considerations that have no substantive bearing on
that concern. In a moral question, we consider the intent and the outcome for a
given circumstance. Emotional invocations (via personal attacks, evoking pity, or
invoking authority) distract us from being able to clearly and carefully weigh
observations and evidence regarding intent and outcome. They are effective tools to
persuade or excite a shift in judgement but they are deceptive. Morality may not
always be black-and-white, but nuanced grey areas quickly become muddy and
occluded when these emotional distortions are employed.
2. Reason and impartiality are minimum requirements of morality, what does this mean?
How is this done?
- It is a principle of justice. Impartiality in morality requires that we give equal
and/or adequate consideration to the interests of all concerned parties. It assumes
that every person, generally speaking, is equally important, that is, no one is seen as
intrinsically more significant than anyone else.
3. Have you used reason and have you been impartial in your most recent moral decisions?
- Yes, everyhing has its reasons, but not all plan's you might think was the best. In
order to achieve those? Find yourself and be free what you think and what you
wanted to do. Follow whats the best for you while listening and striving in others
experiences.
4. How have you applied creative responsibility in your approach to a moral problem?
Explain.
- The best way to deal with the moral problem is to keep calm and know the
situation because moral problems starts from ourselves and also moral problem
improve ourselves for the better.
GEC 8 - ETHICS
Worksheet 17
Topic The Difference between Reason and Will

1. St. Paul said: “I know the good to do but why is it that I do the opposite of the good that I
know?”
a) Do you experience the same? Does this mean unity of the intellect and will or
lack of unity? Explain.
- Yes. It means Unity of the Intellect and Will because you are free to do you
thing. Your actions is free to execute.
b) For individual persons to be truly moral, how should their intellect and the will
function? Explain.
- Yes, because intellect and will is essential to be a truly moral person now
therefore to be a moral person intellect and the will should function.
2. According to Tillich, Kierkegaard, and Hornedo, how can the will be strengthened?
- We need to have self-control that will help us resist distracting impulses and
persevere. As it refers to our self-discipline and how we manage our actions, in
here we can strengthen our will.
3. Like St. Paul, have you also experienced knowing the good to do but ended up doing the
opposite of the good that you know? What have you been doing to strengthen your will?
- Yes, I did experience it. What I do is I pray to God so he can give me strength
and guidance on what to do because I am only human I am subject to mistake
but with the guidance of God I can do anything because he give me strength in
my will to pursue.

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ETHICS (GEC 8)

DR. SAMSON B. BEGAS

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion

Topic The Importance of Rules

Answer the following questions.

1. Why are rules important?

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion

Topic Moral and Non-Moral Standards

Answer the following questions.

1. In Fyodor Dostoevsky’s The Brothers Karamasov, Ivan Karamasovone asserted the

a) How does this relate to our lesson on source of moral standards?

COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCES AND EDUCATION

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion

Topic Moral Dilemmas

Answer the following questions.

1. Are these moral dilemmas? Explain your answer.

a) Taking credit for other’s work in order to get promoted.

b) Manufacturing and distributing fake drugs for profit.

c) Offering a client a worse product for bigger profit.

d) Utilizing inside knowledge for your own profit.

COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCES AND EDUCATION

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion

Topic The Three Levels of Moral Dilemmas

Answer the following questions.

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion

Topic Freedom as Foundation for Moral Acts

Answer the following questions.

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion

Topic Culture: How it Defines Moral Behavior

Answer the following questions.

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion

Topic Cultural Relativism

Answer the following questions.

1. Is cultural perspective the same as cultural relativism? Explain your answer.

2. What is the strength of cultural relativism? What is a weakness of cultural relativism?

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion

Topic The Filipino Character

Answer the following questions.

Filipino Trait What is positive What is negative What should be

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion

Topic Universal Values

Answer the following questions.

1. Explain why universal values are a necessity for human survival.

I JUST WANT TO HIDE

What if I’m stuck

And I can’t decide?

Things get too much,

And I just want to hide…

Remember all the words of advice,

You must think twice,

Make a stand for what you believe is true

Before you start to act take a second,

The things that I do?

What makes me choose,

The things that I choose?

Do the right thing,

Choose the right choice,

Use a kind voice,

Make a positive difference to

Colegio de la Purisima Concepcion