EXP9

CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS LABORATORY
CEMB 1021
GUIDED REPORT SEM 2 2022/23

Experiment No : 9
Experiment Title : Concrete Flexural test
Group members :
1. Abdullah Hussein
2.Hasif Mustafa
3. Kishal Nathan
4. Mohamed Fahad
5. Mohamed Osama
6.Karrar Al-mohammed
7.Ahmed Abdulrahman
Marking scheme for guided lab report:
Assessment of PO4(a) – use research method for collecting data (Rubrics) [15 marks]:
No. Criteria Total Marks Given Marks
1 Formatting and grammar/ spelling. 3
2 Introduction and objective 3
3 Procedure 3
Results:
4 6
data, figures, graphs, tables, etc.
Overall marks for PO4(a) [15 marks]
Assessment of PO4(b) - analyze and interpret data (Rubrics) [25 marks]:

No. Criteria Total Marks Given Marks
1 Analysis 10
2 Discussion 10
3 Conclusion 5
Overall marks PO4(b) [25 marks]
1.0 introduction
The determination of flexural tensile strengt6h is
essential to estimate the load at which the concrete
members may crack. The test is also known as modulus
of rupture test. The modulus of rupture is the maximum
tensile stress reached in the bottom fiber of un-reinforced
test beam. The flexural stress is expressed as the modulus
of rupture obtained by the application of center-point
loading.
2.0 Objective
Determining the flexural strength of a concrete beam by
the use of simple beam with center-point loading. The
experiment is prescribed in ASTM C 293-79.
3.0 problem statement
There are several reasons why testing of hardened
concrete is important: (1) test can investigate the
fundamental physical behavior of concrete such as elastic
properties and strength characteristics; (2) When
physical laws are not fully understood testing can
simulate expected conditions to evaluate performance;
(3) tests to determined physical material constants like
the modulus of elasticity; and (4) quality control.
Common characteristics of concrete like strength and
durability should not be considered fundamental
material properties. Variables like specimen geometry
and preparation, moisture content, temperature, loading
rate, and the type of testing device will affect the
mechanical behavior. Therefore, when defining some
mechanical property it is necessary to specify the test
used to determine the value. Also, there is no unique
relationship between mechanical properties obtained
from different test. In light of these restrictions, a series
of "standard" tests have been proposed. There are several
organizations such as ASTM, British Standards Institute
(BSI), and the Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
which publish standards. Small representative samples of
concrete do not in any way guarantee the quality of the
concrete. Studies have shown that there is not a very
good correlation between strength of concrete
determined by ASTM standard tests and the strength of
the concrete in the structure. However, there are many
reasons to continue standard testing: (1) test help ensure
proper batching and proportioning; (2) provide statistical
information on properties; (3) reveal problems associate
with the materials; (4) helps ensure high production
standards are maintained; (5) documented testing will
help identify any structural problems that arise; and (6)
strength test may be used as a guide for construction
operations.
4.0 Apparatus
-concrete mixer
-shovel -float
-measuring apparatus
-rigid steel forms 51cm long by 15cm in other two
dimensions
-point loading apparatus
-loading machine
5.0 Materials
Basic material :
1. ordinary Portland cement
2. clean water
3. Air-dried fine aggregates (sand) that is free from any
lumps
4. Air-dried coarse aggregates of 20mm nominal size that
is free from any lumps
Concrete Mix :
1. Proportion of cement : Fine aggregates : coarse
aggregates = 1:2:4 2. Water / cement ratio of 0.45 , 0.55
and 0.65
6.0 Procedure
Testing of specimen:
1-Once the specimen is removed from the curing tank, it
undergoes immediate testing, the measured flexural
strength of the specimens decreased as a result of surface
drying.
2-The apparatus is set up
3- Center of the specimen is placed on the support
blocks.
4-The loading system is centered in relation to the
applied force.
5-The selector switch is turned on to enable the control
on the right-hand side of the panel.
6- The following features is plugged in (press E to enter ,
C to cancel):
a.”FLEXURE” is selected
b.fixed the capacity to 150 KN.
c.Distance between barer =300mm
d.Depth of prism =100mm
e.height of prism =100mm
f.Load pace =2N/cm 2/s
7-During the test, the knob turned clockwise(-)to reduce
oil flow and turned anticlockwise to increase oil flow.
8-The load was applied at a constant rate to the breaking
point.
9-The dimension of the specimen cross section for use in
calculating modulus of rupture is determined by the
formula:
3PL
𝑅=
2b𝑑 2
Where,
R =modulus of rupture MPa
P =maximum applied load
L =span length mm
b =average width of the specimen mm
d =average depth of the specimen mm
7.0 Result
Specimen No. P(KN) b(mm) d(mm) 𝐹𝑐𝑢 (Mpa)
1 014.12 100 100 5.26
8.0 Analysis
𝟑𝑷𝑳
𝑹=
𝟐𝒃𝒅𝟐
𝟑(𝟎𝟏𝟒. 𝟏𝟐)(𝟏𝟎𝟑 )(𝟑𝟎𝟎)
=
𝟐(𝟏𝟎𝟎)(𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟐 )
= 𝟔. 𝟑𝟒𝟓 𝑴𝑷𝒂
9.0 Discussion
1-it is possible to commit errors and mistakes in performing
the tests based on the given procedures, for example not
following the correct testing procedures or not probably
calibraating equipment could lead to inaccurate results.
2-several ways to improve the accuracy of the test result

include using calibrated and well-maintained equpment .
Ensuring proper specimen preparation and curing , following
standarized testing procedure and double-checking data
recording and calculation.
3-The flexural strength of concrete, also known as the
modulus of fracture, is an indirect indicator of the tensile
strength of unreinforced concrete beams or slabs to
resist flexural failure. When an element is bent, the
fracture modulus can also be defined as a measurement
of the ultimate stress of the fiber. In addition to external
loads, tensile stresses can also be caused by warping,
steel damage, dry shrinkage, and temperature
differences. Estimating the loads to which concrete
members can fail requires determination of the tensile
strength in bending.
10.0 conclusion
Since the objective of this test is to determine the
flexural strength of concrete beams using a simple
center of gravity beam, we conclude that the tested
concrete sample has a strength of 5.26 MPa. After all, it
is true that the flexural strength of concrete is an
important factor to consider when constructing flexural
members. Mechanical properties of concrete, including
tensile strength in bending, is actually affected by the
confinement conditions and the age of the concrete.
However, limited representative concrete samples, on
the other hand, are no way to guarantee the quality of
the concrete.

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CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS LABORATORY

GUIDED REPORT SEM 2 2022/23

Experiment Title : Concrete Flexural test

Marking scheme for guided lab report:

Assessment of PO4(b) - analyze and interpret data (Rubrics) [25 marks]:

Overall marks PO4(b) [25 marks]

2-several ways to improve the accuracy of the test result

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