Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics 8

(Theorems on Triangle inequalities.)

I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson student must learn how to:
1. count and tell the number of objects in a given set
2. read and write numbers 1, 2 and 3 in symbols and in words
3. recognize cardinal numbers 1, 2, and 3
4. identify the number that is one more or one less than a given number

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: One, Two, Three
Reference: TG_MATHEMATICS 1_Q1&Q2. pdf
Materials: Counters (popsicle sticks and pieces of straws)
Number word cards for 1, 2 and 3
Module
Power Point Presentation
Activity Sheets
PC & T.V

III. Procedure
A. Preparation

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

“Good morning, Class” “Good morning, Sir”

“Let us pray before we start. Anyone who (One Student will lead the prayer.)
wants to lead the prayer?”

“Okay class let’s start with a pre-test

before we start our lesson for today, let us
review your past lesson yesterday.

(Presenting slide “Pre-test”)

1. Three angles inside the triangle is called (Students raise their hands.)
_____.
a. exterior angle c. extended angle “Letter B interior angle.”
b. interior angle d. inner angle

“Verry Good. Correct, b. interior angle is the

three angles inside the triangle.”

2. _____is angle formed by the intersection of

one of the triangle’s sides with a line (Students raise their hands.)
extended from an adjacent side.
a. exterior angle c. extended angle “Letter A exterior angle.”
b. interior amgle d. inner angle

“Verry Good. Correct, a. exterior angle is

angle formed by the intersection of one of the
triangle’s sides with a line extended from an
adjacent side.”

3. It is the sum of the _______ is equal to the

exterior angle.
(Student raise their hands.)
a. remote inner angles c. remote
interior angles “Letter C remote interior angles.”
b. remote exterior angles d. remote
extented angles

“Verry Good. Correct, c. the sum of the

remote interior angles is equal to the exterior
angle.”

4. Which of the following sets of numbers can (Students raise their hands.)
represent the lengths of a triangle?
a. 2, 3, 5 c. 9, 10, 20 “Letter D 9, 12, 15 ”
b. 1, 2, 3, d. 9, 12, 15

“Verry Good. Correct, D

5. Compare QT and ST
a. QT < ST c. QT = ST
b. QT > ST d. QT ≅ ST

(Students raise their hands.)

“Verry Good. Correct, QT < ST.” “Letter A QT < ST.”

“Alright, Majority of the class got the correct

answers from our review. Give yourself a
round of applause. Good Jod class.” (Students clapping.)

“Are you ready class?”

“Yes sir.”
Without further ado, let’s now proceed to our
new lesson.”

(Next Slide “Title of the lesson”.)

(Brief introduction)
 B. Motivation
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

What comes on your mind when you read

theorems on triangle inequalities?
Give atleast 4 words describing triangle
inequality?
(The students will give their opinion and
Thank you, class. All your answers are answer the questions.)
correct. The triangle inequality is any triangle
that the sum of the lengths of any two sides
must be greater than or equal to the length of
the remaining side.

C. Lesson Proper
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

“Let’s start our discussion”

We have three different theorems in

triangle inequalities, such as Triangle
Inequality Theorem, Exterior Angle
Inequality Theorem, and the Hinge theorem.
In this lesson, we will discuss about these (The class will listen attentively as the teacher
three theorems and apply these theorems to discuss the lesson.)
determine the possible measures for the
angles and sides of a triangle.

“Let’s begin”

Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem

“Okay class what comes on your mind if you “outer”

hear or read Exterior Angle” “out side”
“out side angle”
“Very Good”

“Now you have an idea about the topic that we

will be discussing for today, which is “Exterior
Angle Inequality Theorem.”
 “Let’s proceed”

“We have here a triangle” “ΔABD or ΔBAD or ΔDBA”

“Can you name this triangle?” “Triangle had three angles inside.”
“How many angles does this triangle have as you
look at it?”

“Verry Good”

“Always remember that in order for you to

quickly identify the number of angles that a
shapes or polygons have you must concentrate on
its name, such as the word “triangle”, which has
the prefix “tri” means three (3) and the root word
angle, which when we combined implies three
angles.” “quadra means four (4) root word angle if we
combine means four angles”
“Example “quadrangle”, how many angles does a
quadrangle have?”

“You got it right!” “Interior angle is the three angles inside the
triangle”
“What did you call to the three angles inside the
triangle?”
∠ABD – remote interior angle
“On the figure we see the word exterior angle ∠BAD – remote interior angle
and the remote interior angles.” ∠ADB
“Based on the figure can you give all the name of ∠ADC – exterior angle
the angles and tell what angle are the exterior
angle and remote interior angles.” “Exterior Angle is the angle located outside the
triangle and the Remote Interior Angle is the
“What can you observe or how can you describe two opposite interior angles of a triangle.”
the exterior angle and the remote interior
angles?”

“Very Good, you are on a right track”

“So overall, the angles inside the triangle are

called “interior angles”, the angle outside the
triangle is called “exterior angle” and the remote
 interior angle is the two opposite interior angles
of a triangle.”
“The value of exterior anlge is the sum of the
“Based on the value of the angles, what can you value of remote interior angle”
observe from the remote interior angles and
exterior angle?”
“Very Good”

“What is Exterior Inequality Theorem?”

- states that the measure of an exterior angle is
equal to the sum of the measures of the two
opposite(remote) interior angles of the triangle.

“m∠ABD + m∠BAD = m∠ADC”

“I have here an example problem of Exterior

Inequality theorem and we will try to apply it on
how to solve using this theorem.”

“Let’s begin”
Example:

“m∠BCD is the exterior angle and the m∠BAC

and m∠ABC is the remote interior angles”
“Determine what angle is the exterior angle and
remote interior angles.”
“Very Good”
Solution:
“Using the Exterior Inequality Theorem”
m∠CAB + m∠ABC = m∠BCD “50 ̊ + x = 92 ̊”

“Then substitute the value of the angles”

“Very Good”
50 ̊ + x = 92 ̊ “Subtract 50 ̊ form both sides”

“What’s the next step to do so we cancel out the

50 ̊?”
“Very Good we will subtract 50 ̊ form both sides
so we can cancel out 50 ̊”
 x = 92 ̊-50 ̊
x = 42 ̊ then the m∠ABC = 42 ̊
“Adjacent interior and exterior angles are
“Next is find the value of y” supplementary angles. In other words, the sum
of each interior angle and its adjacent exterior
“What is the relationship of ∠ACB and ∠BCD?” angle is equal to 180 degrees (straight line)”

“Very Good”
Solution:
m∠ACB+m∠BCD=180 ̊

“Then substitute the value”

y+92 ̊=180 ̊

“Subrtact both side by 92 ̊”

y=180 ̊-92 ̊
y = 88 ̊ then the m∠ACB = 88 ̊

Now you have learned what is the relationship of

each angle of a triangle and how to solve applying
the Exterior Inequality Theorems.

Triangle Inequality Theorem “unequal, not equal, not the same.”

“What comes on your mind if you hear the

word inequality?

“Very good”

“Now we will tackle about the measurement

of the size of a triangle and on how we
identify whether it is possible to draw a
triangle with the given measurements or
not without actually doing the “In Exterior inequality theorem we are
construction.” focusing of the measurement of the angles of
triangle while in Triangle inequality theorems
What is the difference between the two
we are focusing on the measurements of the
theorems? Exterior inequality and Triangle
sides of triangle.
inequality theorem?

“Very Good”

Let’s determine if it’s possible to draw a

triangle with the following measures. 5,10,12 – can form a triangle
6,7,8 – can form a triangle
5,10,12 6,6,12 – can’t form a triangle
6,7,8 3,4,10 – can’t form a triangle
6,6,12
3,4,10 “The sum of the two smaller numbers is
greater than the largest number. The first and
 the second measures of sides of triangle had
“How can we determine if three sides will the sum of the two smaller numbers are
create a triangle?” greater than the largest number.
5+10 = 15>12
6+7 = 13>8

While the third and last measures of sides

didn’t work because the sums of the smaller
two sides were not greater than the largest
sides.”
6+6 = 12 ≯ 12
3+4=7 ≯10

Triangle inequality theorem – “The sum of

any two sides of a triangle is greater than its
third side."

“Now you’ve learned the concept of the triangle

inequality theorem. Next we are going to apply
this theorem to determine the possible
measurement of the sides of a triangle” “The sum of any two sides of a triangle is
greater than its third side.”
“What is triangle inequality theorem?”

Triangle Inequality Theorem Formula

AB + BC > AC
AC + CB > AB AB + BC > AC
AB + AC > BC (6) + (8) > (12) YES
AC + CB > AB
“Try to substitute the value of sides of the triangle (12) + (8) > (6) YES
in the figure above if it’s satisfied the formula of AB + AC > BC
the theorem.” (6) + (12) > (8) YES
“It’s satisfied the formula of triangle inequality
theorem.”

“Now you have discovered how to use or apply the

formula of triangle inequality theorem. We are
going to solve to find the missing sides of triangle
using this formula.”
Example

If two sides of a triangle measure 9cm and 14cm,

what are the possible integral values for the length
of the third side?

“Use the formula of triangle inequality theorem

and substitute the value of the sides.”
“What is the first step were going to do?”

“Very Good”

“We just substitute the value of the given sides of

the triangle from the formula of
“Triangle A
Inequality Theorem.”
AB + BC > AC
AC + CB > AB
AB + AC > BC (9cm) + (14cm) > (x) Ineq. 1
(x) + (14cm) > (9cm) Ineq. 2
“Who can substitute the B C (9cm) + (x) > (14cm) Ineq. 3
value of the sides in the
formula?”

“Very Good”

Therefor the three inequalities are:

9 + 14 > x x + 9 > 14 x + 14 > 9
“Simplify the three inequalities.”
“What is the next step?”

“Then by simplifying, we have”

23 > x x>5 x > -5

Note that the x cannot be negative.

“So, by combining and getting the intersections of
23 > x, x > 5 and x > -5 we have, 5 < x < 23,
which is the range for the possible values of x.”
“The possible integral values for the length of
“So, what are the possible values for the length of the third side of the given triangle are 6, 7, 8, 9,
the third side?” 10, 11, ……. 22.”

“Very Good”
“None sir”
“Do you have any question? Clarification?

“Now you have learned how to solve the possible

 value of the missing sides of a triangle.”

“Okay let’s proceed.”

Hinge Theorem (SAS Inequality)

“The difference of hinge theorem to exterior

inequality theorem and triangle inequality
theorem. Hinge theorem is inequality for two
triangles while in exterior and triangle inequality
theorem is inequality for one triangle.”

RS ≅ AB
RT ≅ AC
m∠R > m∠A
ST > BC
“What are the relationship of the △RST and
△ABC?”

“Very Good”
Hinge Theorem
- state that if two sides of a triangle are congruent
to two sides of another triangle, and the included
angle of the first triangle is greater than the
included angle of the second, then the third side of “from the word converse means the opposite
the first triangle is longer third side of the second therefor Converse of Hinge Theorem is the
triangle. opposite of Hinge Theorem.”

Converse of the Hinge Theorem (SSS Inequality)

“Any idea what is the converse of the hinge

theorem?”

RS ≅ AB
RT ≅ AC
ST > BC
m∠R > m∠A

“If the opposite side of the angel in the first

“What are the given in this figure?” triangle is greater than from the opposite side of
angle in second triangle, therefor the angle on
“Very Good” the first triangle is greater than the angle on the
“In the figure the angle is not given but we can tell second triangle.”
if the m∠R > m∠A in their opposite side.”
 “Very Good, Good observation”
Converse of the Hinge theorem
- state that if two sides of a triangle are congruent
to two sides of another triangle and the third side
of the first triangle is longer than the third side of
the second, then the angle between the pair of
congruent sides in the first triangle is greater than
the corresponding angle in the second.

Let’s Try! Complete the statement with <, > or =

Example : Find the range of values for k

“What theorem we will apply to find the range

values of k?" “Converse of Hinge Theorem because the
given is the sides of the triangle.”
“Very Good”

“It means that the m∠SRT < m∠PRT”

“How can I say that the m∠SRT < m∠PRT?” “The opposite side of ∠SRT is less than to the
opposite side of ∠PRT. Which means the m∠SRT
“Very Good” < m∠PRT”
Solution
m∠SRT < m∠PRT

“Then were going to substitute the value “ “3k - 6 < 36”

 “Okay Very Good”

3k - 6 < 36

“Now we copy the less than symbol and put it in

the left side so it serves as our lower limit of the
range so, the value on the left side is either 0 or
180 if the syblom is less that 0 if greater than 180”
0< 3k – 6 < 36

“Add 6 from both sides so the -6 in the middle will “2 < k < 14”
be cancel out”
0+6 < 3k < 36+6

“Simplify and divide both by 3”

6 3 k 42
< <
3 3 3

“Therefor, the range value of k is equal to”

2 < k < 14

D. Activity

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

ACTIVITY 1: Find the value of x and y by using

the exterior angle inequality theorem.

Activity 2: Check whether it is possible to have a

triangle with the given lenthd.

4, 8, 15

7, 9, 13
Activity 3: Find the range values for k.

“Students use their critical thinking to asnwer

the word problem and anaylze it well”

E. Generalization

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

(Students raise their hands)

Exterior angle inequality theorem - the measure

of an exterior angle is equal to the sum of the
measures of the two opposite(remote) interior
“I know you’ve learned a lot from this day angles of the triangle.
discussion. So, anyone who can recite the
definition of the three theorems on triangle Triangle inequality - “The sum of the lengths of
inequalities and the difference of each theorem?” any two sides of a triangle is greater than the
length of the third side.”

Hinge Theorem (SAS Inequality)

- If two sides of a triangle are congruent to two
sides of another triangle and the included
angle of the first triangle is greater than the
included angle of the second, then the third
side of the first triangle is longer than the
third side of the second triangle.
 “Diffeerence”
Exterior angle inequality theorem is focus on the
angles of the triangle while the triangle
inequalities focus on the sides of triangle and the
hinge theorem is focusing on the two angle and
sides of triangle.

V. Evaluation

Direction: choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. The Triangle Inequality Theorem states the sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is
________________ the length of the third side.

a. greater than b. equal to c. less than

2. Does a triangle with these side lengths exist? 20, 10, 9

a. yes b. no c. I don’t know

3. Which two angles are the remote interior angles to Angle W?

a. ∠X and ∠Y b. ∠X and ∠Z

c. ∠Y and ∠a

4. Solve for x.

5. Given the diagram at the right. Which of the following inequalities describes the possible values for x.

VI. Assignment
 Prepared by:

Aljohn Dela Cruz

Intern Student

Noted:

Mr. Erros Gutierrez

Critic Teacher