TECHFORGE Study Materia] sam IPYTHON Explorer's Guide@ vix TECHFORG TESHEORSE The Python Explorer's Guide by Techforge Academy Dear Techforge Academy Interns, Welcome to the Techforge Academy Internship Program! We are thrilled to have you on board and embark on this exciting journey together. The next few weeks promise to be a period of tremendous learning, growth, and hands-on experience in the dynamic world of technology. About Techforge Academy: Techforge Academy is more than just an educational institution; it's a community of passionate learners and skilled professionals dedicated to fostering excellence in technology. Our mission is to empower individuals like you with the knowledge and skills needed to thrive in the ever- evolving tech landscape. Internship Overview: During this internship, you will delve into various modules covering essential aspects of programming, software development, and industry best practices. From mastering the fundamentals of Python to exploring advanced topics like web development and asynchronous programming, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of the tools and techniques that drive innovation. What to Expect: Engaging Modules: Our carefully crafted modules aim to provide you with a solid foundation in Python and its applications. Hands-on Experience: You'll have the opportunity to apply your knowledge through practical examples and real-world projects. Supportive Environment: Our team of experienced mentors and instructors is here to guide you every step of the way. Python Training Material Outline: Module 1: Introduction to Python Overview of Python Installation of Python Python Interpreter and Interactive Mode Writing and Running Python Scripts Module 2: Basic Python SyntaxVariables and Data Types Operators and Expressions Print Statement Basic Input/Output Module 3: Control Flow Conditional Statements (if, elif, else) Loops (for, while) Break and Continue Statements Exception Handling (try, except) Module 4: Data Structures Lists, Tuples, and Sets Dictionaries Working with Collections (slicing, indexing, etc) Module 5: Functions Defining Functions Parameters and Return Values Scope and Lifetime of Variables Lambda Functions Module 6: File Handling Reading and Writing to Files Working with Text and Binary Files Using with Statement Module 7: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Classes and Objects Inheritance and Polymorphism Encapsulation and Abstraction Class Methods and Instance Methods Module 8: Modules and Packages Creating Modules Importing Modules and Packages Exploring Python Standard LibraryModule 9: Working with APIs Making HTTP Requests (using requests module) Handling JSON Data Example: Fetching data from an API Module 10: Introduction to Libraries and Frameworks Overview of popular libraries (NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib) Introduction to Flask (Web framework) Module 11: Best Practices and Coding Standards PEP 8 - Python Enhancement Proposals Code Readability and Style Guidelines Writing Clean and Maintainable Code Module 12: Project Workshops Small projects to reinforce learning Encourage participants to build a simple application Module 13: Advanced Topics (Optional) Decorators and Generators Concurrency and Parallelism Introduction to Asynchronous Programming (async/await) Module 14: Testing in Python Unit Testing with unittest or pytest Writing Test Cases Test Automation Module 15: Deployment and Packaging Creating Executables with pyinstaller or cx_Freeze Packaging Python ProjectsModule 1: Introduction to Python Overview of Python Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its simplicity and readability. Developed by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991. Installation of Python Download Python from python.org and follow installation instructions. Python Interpreter and Interactive Mode The Python interpreter is a command-line tool for running Python code interactively. To start the interpreter, open a terminal or command prompt and type python or python3, Interactive mode allows executing Python statements one at a time. Writing and Running Python Scripts Python scripts are plain text files with a .py extension Use a text editor (e.g, VS Code, Atom, or IDLE) to write scripts. Run a script by executing python script_name.py in the terminal. Sample Program: Hello World pythonCopy code # hello_world.py print(*Hello, World!") Module 2: Basic Python Syntax Variables and Data Types Variables are used to store data. No need to declare the type explicitly. Common data types: int, float, str, bool Operators and Expressions Arithmetic operators:+, -, *, /, //, & Comparison operators: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >= Logical operators: and, or, notPrint Statement The print () function is used to output data to the console. Basic Input/Output input () function is used to take user input. Sample Program: Simple Calculator pythonCopy code # simple_calculator.py num! = float(input("Enter the first number: ")) num2 = float(input("Enter the second number: ")) sum_result = num] + num? print("Sum:", sum_result) Module 3: Control Flow Conditional Statements (if, elif, else) ig statements are used for decision-making. e1i¢ is short for "else if.” else is executed if no ag or e1i¢ condition is true. Loops (for, while) for loop iterates over a sequence (list, tuple, string, etc). white loop repeats a block of code as long as a condition is true. Break and Continue Statements break exits the loop prematurely. continue skips the rest of the loop's code and goes to the next iteration. Exception Handling (try, except) try block contains the code to be executed. except block handles exceptions if they occur. Sample Program: Grade Calculator pythonCopy code grade ='A’ elif score >= 80: gtade) sore = float(input y 70: grade ='C' else: gradeModule 4: Data Structures Lists, Tuples, and Sets Lists are mutable, ordered sequences. Tuples are immutable, ordered sequences Sets are unordered collections of unique elements. Dictionaries Dictionaries are collections of key-value pairs. Working with Collections Indexing, slicing, and iterating through elements. Sample Program: Shopping List pythonCopy code # shopping_listpy shopping_list = apple, "banana, ‘carrot, ‘orange’ prin(*Original Shopping List: shopping_list)# Add an item shopping_lstappend( grapes) print"Updated Shopping List", shopping_list) # Remove an item item_to remove = input("Enter an item to remove: *) if item to remove in shopping list: shopping_fistremovelitem_to_ remove) print("Updated Shopping List", shopping_list) else; printTtem not found in the list.") Module 5: Functions Defining Functions Functions are blocks of reusable code. Defined using the det keyword. Parameters and Return Values Parameters are values passed to a function. Return statement exits the function and can return a value. Scope and Lifetime of Variables Variables have a scope, determining where they can be accessed. Lambda Functions Anonymous functions defined using the lambda keyword,Sample Program: Area of a Circle pythonCopy code # area_of circle.py import math def calculate_area(radius): return math.pi * radius**2 radius float(input("Enter the radius of the circle: ")) area = calculate_area(radius) print("The area of the circle is:", area) Module 6: File Handling Reading and Writing to Files Use the open () function to open a file. read(), readline (), and readlines() methods for reading. write() method for writing, Working with Text and Binary Files ‘x! for reading, 'w' for writing, ‘a’ for appending, ‘bt mode for binary files. Using with Statement The with statement simplifies file management. Sample Program: File Reader pythonCopy code # file_reader.py filename = input("Enter the filename: ") try: with open({ilename, 'r’) as file: content = fileread() print("File Content:\n", content) except FileNotFoundError: print(?*File {filename} not found.) except Exception as e: print("An error occurred:", €) Module 7: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Classes and Objects Classes define objects and their behavior. Objects are instances of classes. Inheritance and Polymorphism Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another. Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class. Encapsulation and AbstractionEncapsulation restricts access to certain components. Abstraction hides complex implementations. Class Methods and Instance Methods Class methods are bound to the class. Instance methods are bound to instances of the class. Sample Program: Person Class pythonCopy code # person_classpy class Person: def init__(self, name, age): sefiname = name selfage = age def 0: yield nn = 1 # Using the generator for num in countdown(5): print(num)Module 14: Testing in Python Unit Testing with unittest or pytest Write tests to ensure the correctness of code. unittest and pytest are popular testing frameworks. Writing Test Cases Test cases check specific aspects of the code. Test Automation Automate test execution to ensure code quality. Sample Program: Unit Testing pythonCopy code # test_calculator.py import unittest from simple_caleulator import add class TestCaleulator(unit def test_adal self): selfassertE qual(add{2, 3), 5) selfassertEqual(ad(-1, 1),0) if _name_ unitest.main() st.TestCase): Module 15: Deployment and Packaging Creating Executables with pyinstaller or cx_Freeze Convert Python scripts into standalone executables. pyinstaller and cx_Freeze are tools for this purpose. Packaging Python Projects Use setup. py and pip for project packaging. Distribute projects using PyPI (Python Package Index). Sample Progra : Flask Web Application pythonCopy code # app.py from flask import Flask app = Flask(_name_) @app.coute(7) def home(): return ‘Helo, Flask! if __name_—='__main_': app.run(debug=True) Conclusion and Best Wishes: ‘As you embark on this internship journey, remember that learning is a continuous process, and each challenge is an opportunity to grow. We believe in your potential‘to make a meaningful impact in the tech industry, and we are excited to witness your progress. Wishing you: + Curiosity: Stay curious and never stop asking questions. It's the key to unlocking new possibilities. + Resilience: Challenges will come, but so will solutions. Embrace setbacks as opportunities to learn and improve. + Collaboration: Technology thrives on collaboration. Build connections, share ideas, and work together to achieve greatness. + Innovation: Be bold in your ideas and creative in your solutions. The tech world is ever-changing, and innovation is your driving force. Once again, welcome to Techforge Academy! May this internship be a stepping stone to a future filled with success, knowledge, and innovation. Mice tances A TECHFORGE we ore here 10 make it First floor, Gandhi Road, 2C, Johnsonpet Rd, Hasthampatti, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636007 +91 96008 61277 : www.techforge.in