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Chapter 4Laws of motion

Force is the act of a push or pull on an object that may cause motion.
A Force is a vector which requires (magnitude and direction).
The fundamental forces are
Gravity, strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, and electromagnetic forces.
Newtons First Law: If an object at rest it will remain
at rest and if it is in motion it will remain in motion
unless acted on by a net force.
Inertia: is the tendency of an object to continue its
current state of motion. Example not using the seat
belt in a moving car.
Mass: is a measure of the object’s resistance to
changes in its motion due to a force.
The greater the mass of an object, the lesser its
acceleration aunder the action of a force.
Newton’s Second Law: The acceleration of an object is
proportional to the net exerted force on that object.



), also 1 N=0.225 lb
Gravitational force between two masses = . Where G is the
gravity constant 6.67x N./

Weight is defined as the force of gravity on an object.
For example, the weight of an object near the surface of
earth is = , r is the distance between the object and
the earth center of mass in this case the radius of earth.
If we set g=  then,
The weight of a person or an object on the surface of
earth is = mg
Calculate g on the moon
g = G = 6.67 x = 1.6 m/
An inertial reference frame is one in which newtons first
law hold.
Newton’s third law: If object A exerts a force on object
B, then simultaneously object B exerts an opposite force
on object A, where the two forces are equal in
magnitude but opposite in direction.
“Forces exist in pairs”
More likely the existence of a single force is not possible.
It takes two object to tango.

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