60m Span Design

DESIGN OF STEEL PLATE GIRDER SUPERSTRUCTURE
(60m c/c Exp. Gap)

INDEX
S.No. Contents Page

1 Salient Features of Bridge Deck 1
2 Section Properties of Longitudinal Girder 4
3 Section Properties of End Cross Girder 11
4 Section Properties of Intermediate Vertical Bracing 14
5 Design Loads on Longitudinal Girder 15

6 Stress Calculation due to differential temperature variation 20
7 Design of Plate Girder for Construction Stage -1 30
8 Design of Plate Girder for Construction Stage -2 31
9 Design of Plate Girder for Service Stage 33
10 Fatigue Check 45
11 Stress Check for longitudinal Girder 46
12 Design of Stud Shear Connectors 54

13 Transverse Shear check for Girders 56
14 Design of Stiffeners 57
15 Design of End Cross Girder 63
16 Design of Intermediate Vertical Bracing 64
17 Design of Splice Joints 68
18 Design of RCC Deck Slab 96

19 Bearing Loads 110
Design of 60m span Steel Plate Girder Superstructure
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE BRIDGE DECK:

Span c/c of Exp. J. = 60.000 m
Exp. Gap = 40.000 mm
c/L of brg. c/L of exp. J = 1.000 m
Span c/c of brg. = 58.000 m
Overall span = 59.960 m
Girder overhang beyond c/L brg. = 0.500 m
Overall Length of Girder = 59.000 m
Overall carriageway width = 8.450 m
Wearing Coat Thickness = 100 mm
No. of Intermideate Cross Girder = 16 Nos. Spacing = 3.41176 m
Thickness of Cast-in-situ deck = 0.220 m

Thickness of hunch below deck = 0.150 m
Depth of Longitudinal Girder = 2.686 m
Overall depth Beam + slab = 3.056 m
c/c of girder (transverse direction) = 3.000 m
Deck cantilever in transverse direction = 1.225 m
Nos. of Girder = 3 Nos. (Each Carriageway)
Size of bearing = 0.8 x 0.8 m (assumed)

(Long) (Trans)
Material used
Grade of concrete = M 40 Mpa
Ec(s) = Modulus of Elasticity of Cast-in-situ concrete at 28-days
= 5000 √ fck
= 31622.8 N/mm2
Permissible stress in Concrete SLS Rare = 19.2 Mpa

SLS QP = 14.4 Mpa
Type of reinf. steel = Fe 500 Mpa

Permissible stress in reinforcement = 300 Mpa
Type of structural steel

Es = Modulas of Elasticity of steel = 200000 N/mm2
G = Modulas of Rigidity of steel = 77000 N/mm2
Grade of structural steel = E350A as per IS:2062:2011
Yield stress fy = 330 Mpa
Ultimate tensile strength fu = 490 Mpa
Density of concrete = 2.5 T/m3
Density of green concrete = 2.6 T/m3
Density of steel = 7.85 T/m3
Permissible stress in structural steel = 297 Mpa (0.9 fy)
BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 1

Modular Ratio for Composite Section with Prefabricated units in Steel according to clause- 604.2.4 of IRC - 22 -2015.
i) For permanent loads

m = Es >= 15
Kc*Ec(s)
Kc = Creep factor = 0.5
m = 15
ii) For transient loads

m = Es >= 7.5
Ec(s)
m = 7.5
Partial Safety Factors (Table 1,3 IRC 22 : 2015)

γC for concrete (Basic & Seismic ) 1.50 γS for reinforcing steel 1.15
γC for concrete (Accidental ) 1.20 γV for Shear Connectors (Yield ) 1.25
γM0 for structural steel (Yield & Buckling ) 1.10 γfft for fatigue load 1.00
γM1 for structural steel (Ultimate ) 1.25 γmft for fatigue strength 1.35
Design Loads
1 Dead Load - Selfweight of structural elements has been calculated in proceeding chapters.
2 SIDL - Weight of Crash barrier = 1 t/m
2
3 Surfacing - Weight of surfacing = 0.2 t/m
4 Service Live Load -
1) 2 Lanes of ClassA Wheel
Impact factor = 0.126
Congestion factor = 1.570
2) 1 Lane of 70R Wheel
Congestion factor = 1.570
5 Construction Live Load - Area Load during construction = 0.3 t/m2 (assumed)
6 Construction Dead Load
(Weight of shuttering) Area Load during construction = 0.15 t/m2 (assumed)

7 Wind -
Basic wind speed = 47 m/s
Height of superstructure = 15 m (assumed)
Hourly mean wind speed Vz = 41.59 m/s
2
Wind pressure Pz = 1038 N/m
Gust factor G = 2
Width / depth b/d ratio = 2.77
Coeff. Of drag CD = 1.46
Lift coeff. CL = 0.75
Transverse wind force = PZ x A1 x G x CD
FT = 0.927 t/m
Vertical wind force = PZ x A3 x G x CL
2
FV = 0.156 t/m
Load Factor used

ULS SLS RareSLS QP
1 Dead Load 1.35 1 1
2 SIDL 1.35 1 1
3 Surfacing 1.75 1.2 1.2
4 Service Live Load (Leading) 1.50 1 0
5 Construction Live Load 1.35 0 0
6 Construction Dead Load 1.35 0 0
7 Wind (Accompanying) 0.90 0.6 0
CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
1 Plate Girders Shall be fabricated at fabrication plant.

2 The Foundation and substructure shall be cast in Situ. The bearings shall be placed at their
location before launching of girders.
3 Plate Girders shall be launched and rested on bearings.
4 Cross Diaphragms etc. shall be bolted/welded.
5 Shuttering and formwork for casting of deck slab shall be supported by the main girders.
6 Deck slab shall be cast-in-situ.
7 Deck slab shuttering shall be removed after the deck slab has gained its required strength.
The main girders shall be designed for the following stages.
Stage-1 It is the stage where the Girders have been launched and resting on bearings but there is
no lateral restraint to girders. Only selfweight of girder is acting.
Stage-2 In this stage, deck slab is poured. The girders have lateral restraint. The selfweight of
girders, weight of shuttering and weight of green concrete of deck slab are acting along
Stage-3 Service stage when the girders are subjected to all service loads.
STAGES : Step Diff. (Days) Girder Age (Days) Deck Age (Days)
Girder launching 0 0 -
Casting of deck 7 7 0
Placing of SIDL 28 35 28
Open to LL 21 56 49
At ∞ ∞ ∞ ∞

ANALYSES ASSUMPTION
Enviromental parameters
Relative humidity = 77 % (Nearest Station Tezpur)
Exposure condition = MODERATE
No. of stress cycles for fatigue assessment = 2E+06 cycles (For normally loaded bridges)
TEMPERATURE
o
Coefficent of thermal expansion = 1.2E-05 / C
c/L Brg.
CRASH BARRIER 0.475
SAFETY KERB/FOOT PATH 0
7.5 8.45
SAFETY KERB/FOOTPATH 0
CRASH BARRIER 0.475
58
59.96
DECK PLAN
8.45
0.22
Nos of Girder = 3 2.686 3.056
c/L Jcak (typ.)

0.7
1.225 3
Super-structure Cross-section
SECTION PROPERTIES
Clause 603.2.1 of IRC:22-2015
Effective width of slab
For Inner Girder, beff 14.5 m
= min
3.0 m
= 3.0 m
For Outer Girder, beff 7.25 1.225 m

= min + min
1.5 7.25
= 2.725 m

Girder Section
3000 OR 2725
(Inner G) (Outer G)
220 800 Clause 504.7, IRC:24-2010

150 Minimum plate thickness = 12 mm
36 Minimum plate thickness is greater than 10mm,
150 Hence OK.
12
2686 3056
2600 Clause 509.2.1.5, IRC:24-2010
0 Shear lag effects in flanges:
0 0
50
0
1000
Top flange b0 = 800 mm

Bottom flange b0 = 1000 mm
L0 = 59.000 m
L0/10 = 5900 mm
OK. Shear lag effect may be disregarded
Section Classification Table 2, IRC:22-2015
ε = 0.87 Limiting width to thickness ratios

Semi-
Plastic Compact Slender
compact
8.4ε 9.4ε 13.6ε >13.6ε
Top flange b/tf = 10.94 7.31 8.18 11.84 >11.84
(Compression Flange) Welded section
Section Classification for construction stage = Class-3(Semi-Compact)
(Before Deck hardening)
Section Classification for working stage = Class-1(Plastic) Clause 603.1.3, part1.
Deck reinforcement (Longitudinal Direction)
c/c spacing Cover Total

Position Dia (mm) No.
(mm) (mm) Area(mm2)
Top Layer 12 200 15 51 1696

Bottom Layer 12 200 15 169 1696

Girder Section Properties
800
36
12
2686
2600
0
0 0
50
0
1000
Elastic Properties
Steel-girder b d Nos. Am y z Iy Iz
m m m2 m m m4 m4
Top flange RECT 0.80 0.04 1.00 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.07
WEB RECT 0.01 2.60 1.00 0.03 1.34 0.00 0.00 0.02
Bottom flange-1 RECT 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 2.64 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.11 1.59 0.00 0.01 0.15
2
A = 0.1100 m yt = 1.5932 m rz = 1.1604 m
4
IZ = 0.1481 m yb = 1.0928 m ry = 0.2277 m
4 3 3
Iy = 0.0057 m Zt = 0.0930 m Zb = 0.1355 m
Plastic Properties
Steel-girder Am y z Am y c.g. Zp
m2 m m m3 m m3
Top flange RECT 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 1.58 0.045

WEB RECT 0.03 1.34 0.00 0.04 0.26 0.008
Bottom flange-1 RECT 0.00 2.64 0.00 0.00 1.04 0.000
Total 0.11 1.59 0.00 0.18 4.99 0.107
Depth of PNA = 1.5932 m

3
Zp = 0.1068 m

Girder Section Properties without web
800
36
0
2686
2600
0
0 0
50
0
1000
Elastic Properties
m m m2 m m m4 m4
Top flange RECT 0.80 0.04 1.00 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.07
WEB RECT 0.00 2.60 1.00 0.00 1.34 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 0.08 1.70 0.00 0.01 0.13
2
A = 0.0788 m yt = 1.6950 m rz = 1.2769 m
4
IZ = 0.1285 m yb = 0.9910 m ry = 0.2690 m
4 3 3
Iy = 0.0057 m Zt = 0.0758 m Zb = 0.1297 m
Plastic Properties
m2 m m m3 m m3
Top flange RECT 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 1.58 0.045

WEB RECT 0.00 1.34 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.000
Total 0.08 1.70 0.00 0.13 4.99 0.099

3
Zp = 0.0988 m
Plastic strength of section without web Mfd = Zp fy / γm0

Calculations of shear center
800
36 V1
e
12
P 2686
2600
z 0
0 0
50 V2
0
1000

P = force at shear center

V1 = shear force at upper flange of the section
V2 = shear force at lower flange of the section
The max shear flow in the lower flange of the section
= VAz/Iy where V=P

= Px 25000 x 250
6E+09
= 1E-03 P
Since the shear flows varies parabolically in the flanges
= 2x 1000 x 0.0011 P
3
= 0.731 P
Taking moments about a point on the line of the action of V1
Pe = V2h = 0.73 P x 2643

e = 1931.0 mm
The warping constant

Iw = (1- bf) bf Iyhy2
Ifc = Moments of inertia of the compression flanges
Ift = Moments of inertia of the tension flanges
Ifc = 2E+09 mm^4

Ift = 4E+09 mm^4
hy = distance between shear centers of the two flanges
= 3E+03 mm
f = Ifc = 0.269
Ifc+Ift
Iw = 8E+15 mm^6
For plane flanges 15625
Yj = 0.8(2 bf - 1)hy/2.0 (when bf>0.5) 1728
= 1.0(2 bf - 1)hy/2.0 (when bf<=0.5)
= -610
Torsional constant
It = 800 x 46656 + 2600 x 1728
3 3
+ 1000 x 125000
3
It = 6E+07 mm^4

Short term properties for composite Girder
Modular ratio = 7.5
Outer Girder Section

2725
220 800
150
36
150
12
2686 3056
2600
0
0 0
50
0
1000
Composite b d Nos. Am y z Iy Iz
m m m2 m m m4 m4
Deck Slab RECT 0.363 0.220 1.000 0.080 0.110 0.000 0.001 0.079
Haunch TRIAN 0.020 0.150 2.000 0.003 0.270 0.000 0.000 0.002
RECT 0.107 0.150 1.000 0.016 0.295 0.000 0.000 0.010
Top flange RECT 0.800 0.036 1.000 0.029 0.388 0.000 0.002 0.015
WEB RECT 0.012 2.600 1.000 0.031 1.706 0.000 0.000 0.029
Total 0.209 1.102 0.000 0.007 0.321
2
A = 0.209 m yt = 1.102 m rz = 1.240 m
4
IZ = 0.321 m yb = 1.954 m ry = 0.178 m
4 3 3
Iy = 0.007 m Zt = 0.291 m Zb = 0.164 m
Inner Girder Section

3000
220 800
150
36
150
12
2686 3056
2600
0
0 0
50
0
1000
Composite b d Nos. Am y z Iy Iz
m m m2 m m m4 m4
Deck Slab RECT 0.400 0.220 1.000 0.088 0.110 0.000 0.001 0.087
Haunch TRIAN 0.020 0.150 2.000 0.003 0.270 0.000 0.000 0.002
RECT 0.107 0.150 1.000 0.016 0.295 0.000 0.000 0.010
Top flange RECT 0.800 0.036 1.000 0.029 0.388 0.000 0.002 0.015
WEB RECT 0.012 2.600 1.000 0.031 1.706 0.000 0.000 0.029
Total 0.217 1.065 0.000 0.007 0.329
2
A = 0.217 m yt = 1.065 m rz = 1.232 m
4
IZ = 0.329 m yb = 1.991 m ry = 0.178 m
4 3 3
Iy = 0.007 m Zt = 0.309 m Zb = 0.165 m

Long term properties for outer Girder
Modular ratio = 15
Outer Girder Section

2725
220 800
150
36
150
12
2686 3056
2600
0
0 0
50
0
1000
Steel Composite Section b d Nos. Area y from top z Iy Iz

m m m2 m m m4 m4
Deck Slab RECT 0.182 0.220 1.000 0.040 0.110 0.000 0.000 0.067
Haunch TRIAN 0.010 0.150 2.000 0.002 0.270 0.000 0.000 0.002
RECT 0.053 0.150 1.000 0.008 0.295 0.000 0.000 0.010
Top flange RECT 0.800 0.036 1.000 0.029 0.388 0.000 0.002 0.029
WEB RECT 0.012 2.600 1.000 0.031 1.706 0.000 0.000 0.021
Total 0.159 1.399 0.000 0.006 0.261
2
A = 0.15947 m yt = 1.399 m rz = 1.280 m
4
IZ = 0.26138 m yb = 1.657 m ry = 0.191 m
4 3 3
Iy = 0.00581 m zt = 0.187 m zb = 0.158 m
Inner Girder Section

3000
220 800
150
36
150
12
2686 3056
2600
0
0 0
50
0
1000
Steel Composite Section b d Nos. Area y from top z Iy Iz

m m m2 m m m4 m4
Deck Slab RECT 0.200 0.220 1.000 0.044 0.110 0.000 0.000 0.073
Haunch TRIAN 0.010 0.150 2.000 0.002 0.270 0.000 0.000 0.002
RECT 0.053 0.150 1.000 0.008 0.295 0.000 0.000 0.010
Top flange RECT 0.800 0.036 1.000 0.029 0.388 0.000 0.002 0.029
WEB RECT 0.012 2.600 1.000 0.031 1.706 0.000 0.000 0.021
Total 0.164 1.367 0.000 0.006 0.268
2
A = 0.16350 m yt = 1.367 m rz = 1.281 m
4
IZ = 0.26810 m yb = 1.689 m ry = 0.189 m
4 3 3
Iy = 0.00585 m zt = 0.196 m zb = 0.159 m

Section Properties of End Cross Girder
220
300
286
20
25
2640 3056
2600
20
300 150
m m m2 m m m4 m4
Top flange RECT 0.3 0.02 1 0.006 0.010 0 0.000 0.010

WEB RECT 0.025 2.6 1 0.065 1.320 0 0.000 0.037
Bottom flange RECT 0.3 0.02 1 0.006 2.630 0 0.000 0.010
Total 0.077 1.32 0 0.000 0.057
2
A = 0.077 m yt = 1.32 m rz = 0.862 m
4
IZ = 0.057 m yb = 1.32 m ry = 0.035 m
4 3 3
Iy = 0.000 m zt = 0.043 m zb = 0.043 m
With respect to Composite girder
yt = 1.826 m yb = 1.23 m
Plastic Properties
m2 m m m3 m m3
Top flange RECT 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 1.31 0.008

WEB RECT 0.07 1.32 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.000
Bottom flange RECT 0.01 2.63 0.00 0.02 1.31 0.008
Total 0.08 1.32 0.00 0.10 2.62 0.016

3
Zp = 0.0157 m

The warping constant

Iw = (1- bf) bf Iyhy2
Ifc = Moments of inertia of the compression flanges
Ift = Moments of inertia of the tension flanges
Ifc = 5E+07 mm^4

Ift = 5E+07 mm^4
hy = distance between shear centers of the two flanges
= 2E+02 mm
f = Ifc = 0.500
Ifc+Ift
Iw = 6E+11 mm^6
For plane flanges 15625
Yj = 0.8(2 bf - 1)hy/2.0 (when bf>0.5) 1728
= 1.0(2 bf - 1)hy/2.0 (when bf<=0.5)
= 0
Torsional constant
It = 300 x 8000 + 137.5 x 15625
3 3
+ 300 x 8000
3
It = 2E+06 mm^4

Classification of end cross girder
Type of section used = Welded section
 = ( 250 / fy ) 1/2
fy = 330 MPa
 = 0.870
For unequal flanges

r1 = Fc/d t fyw + (Bt Tt -Bc Tc)fyf
d t fyw
0+ 0.00 = 0.00 -ve means tension
2
f1 = -22.835 N/mm
2 Bending stresses at top and bottom of end cross girder
f2 = 22.8351 N/mm
r2 = f1 + f2 = 0.0 = 0.00 -ve means tension
2 fyw 660.00
Ratio Class-1 Class-2 Class-3

Outstanding of compression flange= b/tf or b/bf <= 8.4 e <= 9.4 e <= 13.6
b/tf <= 7.311 <= 8.182 <= 11.837
Web(for unequal flanges) = d/tw <= 84.0 e <= 105 e <= 126
1+r1 1+r1 1+2r2
>= 42e
36.5563
d/tw <= 73.113 <= 91.391 <= 109.669
b/tf = 6.88 Class-1(Plastic)

d/tw = 104.00 Class-3(Semi-compa
b/bf = 6.88 Class-1(Plastic)
Section classification = Class-3(Semi-compa

2) Section Properties of Intermediate Vertical Bracing

ISA 100x100x10 FROM STEEL TABLE (SP:6.1.1964)
Depth of diaphragm = 2600 - 100 - 100
= 2400 mm
A = 0.0019 m2
Cxx = 0.0284 m 28.4
Cyy = 0.0284 m
Ixx = 1.8E-06 m4
Iyy = 1.8E-06 m4 Single ISA 100x100x10 FROM STEEL TABLE (SP:6.1.1964)
DOUBLE ISA 100x100x10 FROM STEEL TABLE (SP:6.1.1964)
Ixx = 1.8E-06 x 2 m4 16
= 3.5E-06 m4
A = 0.0019 x 2 m2
= 0.00381 m2
Iyy = 1.8E-06 x 2 m4
+ 0.0019 x 0.0284 ^2 x 2 m4
= 6.6E-06 m4

DESIGN LOADS ON GIRDER

1 Selfweight of Girder
2
Area of cross section of Steel Plate Girder = 0.11 m
3
Density of steel = 7.85 T/m
UDL of selfweight of girder = 0.86 T/m
Adding 35 % extra due to stiffeners, splices, studs etc.
UDL of selfweight of girder = 1.17 T/m
2 Selfweight of Deck Slab

2.725 3
Outer Girder Inner Girder

Deck Width = 2.725 m Deck Width = 3 m
Deck Thickness = 0.22 m Deck Thickness = 0.22 m
Area of haunch = 0.1425 m2 Area of haunch = 0.1425 m2
Density of concrete = 2.5 T/m3 Density of concrete = 2.5 T/m3
UDL = 1.86 T/m UDL = 2.01 T/m
3 Weight of Green Concrete

Deck Width = 2.725 m Deck Width = 3 m
Deck Thickness = 0.22 m Deck Thickness = 0.22 m
Area of haunch = 0.1425 m2 Area of haunch = 0.1425 m2
Density of concrete = 2.6 T/m3 Density of concrete = 2.6 T/m3
UDL = 1.93 T/m UDL = 2.09 T/m

4 Weight of Shuttering

Deck Width = 2.725 m Deck Width = 3m
2 2
Area load = 0.15 T/m Density of concrete = 0.15 T/m
UDL = 0.41 T/m UDL = 0.45 T/m
5 Construction Live Load

2 2
UDL = 0.82 T/m UDL = 0.90 T/m
5 Weight of Surfacing

2 2
UDL = 0.55 T/m UDL = 0.60 T/m
6 Wind Load

2 2
UDL = 0.42 T/m UDL = 0.47 T/m

Summary of loads
Outer G Inner G
Selfweight of Girder 1.17 1.17 T/m
Selfweight of Deck Slab 1.86 2.01 T/m
Weight of Green Concrete 1.93 2.09 T/m
Weight of Shuttering 0.41 0.45 T/m
Construction Live Load 0.82 0.90 T/m
Weight of Surfacing 0.55 0.60 T/m
UDL Wind Load 0.42 0.47 T/m
0.5 59 0.5
0.5 7.375 7.375 7.375 7.375

Section Girder face CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8

Distance from brg. -0.5 0 7.375 14.75 22.125 29.5
Outer Girder Bending Moment Tm
Selfweight of Girder -17.49 -0.15 221.77 380.28 475.39 507.09
Selfweight of Deck Slab -27.83 -0.23 352.90 605.14 756.48 806.93
SIDL (Obtained from Staad Model) 0.00 0.00 152.00 237.00 283.00 297.00
Surfacing -8.18 -0.07 103.68 177.79 222.25 237.08
Service Live Load (Leading) (Obtained from Staad Model) 0.00 0.00 505.54 885.58 1106.53 1184.31
Weight of Green Concrete -28.94 -0.24 367.02 629.34 786.74 839.20
Construction Live Load -12.26 -0.10 155.52 266.68 333.38 355.61
Construction Dead Load -6.13 -0.05 77.76 133.34 166.69 177.81
Wind (Accompanying) -6.36 -0.05 80.70 138.37 172.98 184.52
Fatigue Load Maximum Sagging 0.00 0.00 201.96 335.89 414.55 438.99
Fatigue Load Maximum Hogging -21.26 -21.26 -9.57 -8.50 -8.50 -11.69
Outer Girder Shear Force T
Selfweight of Girder 34.97 34.39 25.79 17.19 8.60 0.00
Selfweight of Deck Slab 55.65 54.72 41.04 27.36 13.68 0.00
Surfacing 16.35 16.08 12.06 8.04 4.02 0.00
Weight of Green Concrete 57.88 56.91 42.68 28.46 14.23 0.00
Construction Live Load 24.53 24.12 18.09 12.06 6.03 0.00
Construction Dead Load 12.26 12.06 9.04 6.03 3.01 0.00
Wind (Accompanying) 12.73 12.51 9.38 6.26 3.13 0.00
Fatigue Load Maximum Hogging 0.0 0.0 -2.0 -6.8 -8.7 -14.9

Section Girder face CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8

Distance from brg. -0.5 0 7.375 14.75 22.125 29.5
Inner Girder Bending Moment Tm
Selfweight of Girder -17.49 -0.15 221.77 380.28 475.39 507.09
Selfweight of Deck Slab -30.09 -0.25 381.67 654.48 818.16 872.72
Surfacing -9.00 -0.08 114.15 195.73 244.68 261.00
Service Live Load (Leading) (Obtained from Staad Model) 0 0.00 433.07 657.56 806.04 855.53
Weight of Green Concrete -31.30 -0.26 396.94 680.66 850.88 907.63
Construction Live Load -13.50 -0.11 171.22 293.60 367.02 391.50
Construction Dead Load -6.75 -0.06 85.61 146.80 183.51 195.75
Wind (Accompanying) -7.00 -0.06 88.84 152.34 190.44 203.14
Fatigue Load Maximum Hogging -10.63 -10.63 -8.50 -4.25 -3.19 -2.13
Inner Girder Shear Force T
Selfweight of Girder 34.97 34.39 25.79 17.19 8.60 0.00
Selfweight of Deck Slab 60.19 59.18 44.39 29.59 14.80 0.00
Surfacing 18.00 17.70 13.28 8.85 4.43 0.00
Weight of Green Concrete 62.60 61.55 46.16 30.78 15.39 0.00
Construction Live Load 27.00 26.55 19.91 13.28 6.64 0.00
Construction Dead Load 13.50 13.28 9.96 6.64 3.32 0.00
Wind (Accompanying) 14.01 13.78 10.33 6.89 3.44 0.00
Fatigue Load Maximum Hogging 0.0 0.0 -4.8 -12.2 -14.2 -15.4

STRESS CALCULATION DUE TO TEMPERATURE OUTER GIRDER:

Coefficent of thermal expansion = 1.2E-05 + ve = compression
2
Ec = 31622.8 N/mm - ve = tension
2
Es = 200000 N/mm
OUTER GIRDER, MID SPAN

POSITIVE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES
2.725 NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES
18.5 f1 1.100 f1 -4.880
0.132 0.800 0.132
f2 f2
4 0.220 0.088
f3 f3
f4 0.150 f4
0.400 f5 0.036 f5 0.400
3.056 f6 f6
-8.000 3.056
3.056 0.044 2.600
2.436 2.436
f7 0.050 f7
f8 1.000 f8 -8.000


converte
Av. d area in
Points Depth temp b1 b2 Area y A*y A*y2 av. temp A*t A*t*y +ve Temperature
width terms of
concrete
o
mm C m m2 m2 m m3 m4 o
C m2 oC m3 oC h Temp
0 0 18.5
f1 0 18.5 0.132 4
f2 0.132 4 2.73 2.73 2.73 0.36 0.36 0.07 0.02 0.00 11.25 4.05 0.27 0.532 0
f3 0.220 3.12 2.73 2.73 2.73 0.24 0.24 0.18 0.04 0.01 3.56 0.85 0.15 3.056 0
f4 0.370 1.62 1.10 0.80 0.95 0.14 0.14 0.30 0.04 0.01 2.37 0.34 0.10
f5 0.406 1.26 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.03 0.22 0.39 0.08 0.03 1.44 0.31 0.12
f6 0.532 0 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.47 0.02 0.01 0.63 0.03 0.01
f7 3.006 0 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.12 0.93 2 1.64 2.90 0.00 0.00 0.00
f8 3.056 0 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.02 3.03 0.06 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.056
Total 0.90254 1.94608 1.90988 3.139 5.575 0.651
0 x A -  x Ay =  x At
0 x 1.946 -  x 1.910 = 1.2E-05x 5.575 ------------------- (1)
0 Ay -  x Ay2 =  x Ayt

0 x 1.910 -  x 3.139 = 1.2E-05x 0.651 ------------------- (2) + ve = compression
- ve = tension
By solving equation (1) & (2)
0 = 7.9E-05
 = 4.6E-05 rad./m

STRESSES AT ‐4 ‐2 0 2 4 6
Deck Top Top Steel Bott Steel Gir.Top Gir. Bott.
Points Depth f ei = Ec ( t + y - o ) ytop 0.00 0.05 0.17 0.37 3.06 ‐0.80
4.51
mm N/mm2 Eigen stresses N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
‐1.74
0 0
f1 0.000 4.51
f2 0.132 -0.80 4.514 15.567 -5.596 -8.581 12.103
f3 0.220 -1.00
f4 0.370 -1.36
f5 0.406 -1.44
f6 0.532 -1.74
f7 3.006 1.84
0
f8 3.056 1.91
3.056 0 Positive1.91
temp. stress
NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES

converte
d area in
Points Depth temp b1 b2 Av. width Area y A*y A*y2 av. temp A*t A*t*y -ve Temperature
terms of
concrete
o
0 0 -4.88
f1 0.000 -4.880 0.132 0
f2 0.132 0.000 2.725 2.725 2.73 0.36 0.36 0.07 0.02 0.00 -2.44 -0.88 -0.06 0.220 0
f3 0.220 0.000 2.725 2.725 2.73 0.24 0.24 0.18 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.532 -8.000
f4 0.370 -3.846 1.1 0.8 0.95 0.14 0.14 0.30 0.04 0.01 -1.92 -0.27 -0.08 3.056 -8.000
f5 0.406 -4.769 0.8 0.8 0.80 0.03 0.22 0.39 0.08 0.03 -4.31 -0.93 -0.36
f6 0.532 -8.000 0.044 0.044 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.47 0.02 0.01 -6.38 -0.27 -0.12
f7 3.006 -8.000 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.12 0.93 1.77 1.64 2.90 -8.00 -7.42 -13.13
f8 3.056 -8.000 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.02 3.03 0.06 0.17 -8.00 -0.15 -0.45
3.056
Total 0.90254 1.94608 1.90988 3.139 -9.920 -14.210

0 x A -  x Ay =  x At
0 x 1.946 -  x 1.90988 = 1.2E-05x -9.920 ------------------- (1)
0 Ay -  x Ay2 =  x Ayt

0 x 1.90988 -  x 3.139 = 1.2E-05x -14.210 ------------------- (2)

0 = -1.9E-05
 = 4.2E-05 rad./m
STRESSES AT ‐6 ‐4 ‐2 0
Points Depth f ei = Ec t ytop 0.00 0.05 0.17 0.37 3.06 ‐4.36
‐2.32
mm N/mm2 Eigen stresses N/mm N/mm N/mm N/mm N/mm2
2 2 2 2
‐4.77
0 0
f1 0.000 -4.36
f2 0.132 -2.32 -4.359 -22.574 -14.308 -21.700 -7.097
f3 0.220 -2.19
f4 0.370 -3.43
f5 0.406 -3.73
f6 0.532 -4.77
f7 3.006 -1.19
‐1.12 0
f8 3.056 -1.12
3.056 0 Negative temp. stress

Summery of stresses at sections (+ve Temperature

Summery of stresses at sections (+ve Temperature Differences) Differences)
Section At unit c/L brg. deff L/8 TS 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8 STRESSES AT
Dist. From c/L brg. m Dist Deck Top Top Steel Bott Steel Gir.Top Gir. Bott.
1 from 0.00 0.05 0.17 0.37 3.06
Deck Top 0.00 N/mm2 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 2
2 2
c/L brg. N/mm N/mm N/mm N/mm N/mm
2 2 2
STRESSES AT
Top Steel 0.05 N/mm2 15.57 15.57 15.57 15.57 15.57 15.57 15.57 3 L/8 4.51 15.57 -5.60 -8.58 12.10
Bott Steel 0.17 N/mm2 -5.60 -5.60 -5.60 -5.60 -5.60 -5.60 -5.60 4 2L/8 4.51 15.57 -5.60 -8.58 12.10
Gir.Top 0.37 N/mm2 -8.58 -8.58 -8.58 -8.58 -8.58 -8.58 -8.58 5 3L/8 4.51 15.57 -5.60 -8.58 12.10
Gir. Bott. 3.06 N/mm2 12.10 12.10 12.10 12.10 12.10 12.10 12.10 6 4L/8 4.51 15.57 -5.60 -8.58 12.10
Summery of stresses at sections (-ve Temperature

Summery of stresses at sections (-ve Temperature Differences) Differences)
1 from 0 0.051 0.169 0.37 3.056
Deck Top 0.00 N/mm2 -4.36 -4.36 -4.36 -4.36 -4.36 -4.36 -4.36 2
2 2
2 2 2
STRESSES AT
Top Steel 0.05 N/mm2 -22.57 -22.57 -22.57 -22.57 -22.57 -22.57 -22.57 3 L/8 -4.36 -22.57 -14.31 -21.70 -7.10
Bott Steel 0.17 N/mm2 -14.31 -14.31 -14.31 -14.31 -14.31 -14.31 -14.31 4 2L/8 -4.36 -22.57 -14.31 -21.70 -7.10
Gir.Top 0.37 N/mm2 -21.70 -21.70 -21.70 -21.70 -21.70 -21.70 -21.70 5 3L/8 -4.36 -22.57 -14.31 -21.70 -7.10
Gir. Bott. 3.06 N/mm2 -7.10 -7.10 -7.10 -7.10 -7.10 -7.10 -7.10 6 4L/8 -4.36 -22.57 -14.31 -21.70 -7.10

STRESS CALCULATION DUE TO TEMPERATURE INNER GIRDER:

Coefficent of thermal expansion = 1.2E-05 + ve = compression
2
Ec = 31622.8 N/mm - ve = tension
2
Es = 200000 N/mm
OUTER GIRDER, MID SPAN

3.000 NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES
18.5 f1 1.100 f1 -4.880
0.132 0.800 0.132
f2 f2
4 0.220 0.088
f3 f3
f4 0.150 f4
0.400 f5 0.036 f5 0.400
3.056 f6 f6
-8.000 3.056
3.056 0.044 2.600
2.436 2.436
f7 0.050 f7
f8 1.000 f8 -8.000


converte
Av. d area in
Points Depth temp b1 b2 Area y A*y A*y2 av. temp A*t A*t*y +ve Temperature
width terms of
concrete
o
0 0 18.5
f1 0 18.5 0.132 4
f2 0.132 4 3.00 3.00 3.00 0.40 0.40 0.07 0.03 0.00 11.25 4.46 0.29 0.532 0
f3 0.220 3.12 3.00 3.00 3.00 0.26 0.26 0.18 0.05 0.01 3.56 0.94 0.17 3.056 0
f4 0.370 1.62 1.10 0.80 0.95 0.14 0.14 0.30 0.04 0.01 2.37 0.34 0.10
f5 0.406 1.26 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.03 0.22 0.39 0.08 0.03 1.44 0.31 0.12
f6 0.532 0 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.47 0.02 0.01 0.63 0.03 0.01
f7 3.006 0 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.12 0.93 2 1.64 2.90 0.00 0.00 0.00
f8 3.056 0 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.02 3.03 0.06 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.056
Total 0.96304 2.00658 1.91653 3.140 6.070 0.693
0 x A -  x Ay =  x At
0 x 2.007 -  x 1.917 = 1.2E-05x 6.070 ------------------- (1)
0 Ay -  x Ay2 =  x Ayt

0 x 1.917 -  x 3.140 = 1.2E-05x 0.693 ------------------- (2) + ve = compression
- ve = tension
0 = 8.1E-05
 = 4.7E-05 rad./m

STRESSES AT ‐4 ‐2 0 2 4 6
Points Depth f ei = Ec ( t + y - o ) ytop 0.00 0.05 0.17 0.37 3.06 ‐0.85
4.46
mm N/mm2 Eigen stresses N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2 N/mm2
‐1.77
0 0
f1 0.000 4.46
f2 0.132 -0.85 4.459 15.236 -5.903 -8.846 12.396
f3 0.220 -1.05
f4 0.370 -1.40
f5 0.406 -1.48
f6 0.532 -1.77
f7 3.006 1.89
0
f8 3.056 1.96
3.056 0 Positive1.96
temp. stress
NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES

converte
d area in
Points Depth temp b1 b2 Av. width Area y A*y A*y2 av. temp A*t A*t*y -ve Temperature
terms of
concrete
o
0 0 -4.88
f1 0.000 -4.880 0.132 0
f2 0.132 0.000 3 3 3.00 0.40 0.40 0.07 0.03 0.00 -2.44 -0.97 -0.06 0.220 0
f3 0.220 0.000 3 3 3.00 0.26 0.26 0.18 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.532 -8.000
f4 0.370 -3.846 1.1 0.8 0.95 0.14 0.14 0.30 0.04 0.01 -1.92 -0.27 -0.08 3.056 -8.000
f5 0.406 -4.769 0.8 0.8 0.80 0.03 0.22 0.39 0.08 0.03 -4.31 -0.93 -0.36
f6 0.532 -8.000 0.044 0.044 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.47 0.02 0.01 -6.38 -0.27 -0.12
f7 3.006 -8.000 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.12 0.93 1.77 1.64 2.90 -8.00 -7.42 -13.13
f8 3.056 -8.000 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.02 3.03 0.06 0.17 -8.00 -0.15 -0.45
3.056
Total 0.96304 2.00658 1.91653 3.140 -10.008 -14.215

0 x A -  x Ay =  x At
0 x 2.007 -  x 1.91653 = 1.2E-05x -10.008 ------------------- (1)
0 Ay -  x Ay2 =  x Ayt

0 x 1.91653 -  x 3.140 = 1.2E-05x -14.215 ------------------- (2)

0 = -1.9E-05
 = 4.3E-05 rad./m
STRESSES AT ‐6 ‐4 ‐2 0
Points Depth f ei = Ec t ytop 0.00 0.05 0.17 0.37 3.06 ‐4.41
‐2.37
mm N/mm2 Eigen stresses N/mm N/mm N/mm N/mm N/mm2
2 2 2 2
‐4.81
0 0
f1 0.000 -4.41
f2 0.132 -2.37 -4.413 -3.622 -2.311 -21.965 -6.804
f3 0.220 -2.24
f4 0.370 -3.47
f5 0.406 -3.77
f6 0.532 -4.81
f7 3.006 -1.15
‐1.08 0
f8 3.056 -1.08
3.056 0 Negative temp. stress

Summery of stresses at sections (+ve Temperature

Summery of stresses at sections (+ve Temperature Differences) Differences)
1 from 0.00 0.05 0.17 0.37 3.06
Deck Top 0.00 N/mm2 4.46 4.46 4.46 4.46 4.46 4.46 4.46 2
2 2
2 2 2
STRESSES AT
Top Steel 0.05 N/mm2 15.24 15.24 15.24 15.24 15.24 15.24 15.24 3 L/8 4.46 15.24 -5.90 -8.85 12.40
Bott Steel 0.17 N/mm2 -5.90 -5.90 -5.90 -5.90 -5.90 -5.90 -5.90 4 2L/8 4.46 15.24 -5.90 -8.85 12.40
Gir.Top 0.37 N/mm2 -8.85 -8.85 -8.85 -8.85 -8.85 -8.85 -8.85 5 3L/8 4.46 15.24 -5.90 -8.85 12.40
Gir. Bott. 3.06 N/mm2 12.40 12.40 12.40 12.40 12.40 12.40 12.40 6 4L/8 4.46 15.24 -5.90 -8.85 12.40
Summery of stresses at sections (-ve Temperature

Summery of stresses at sections (-ve Temperature Differences) Differences)
1 from 0 0.051 0.169 0.37 3.056
Deck Top 0.00 N/mm2 -4.41 -4.41 -4.41 -4.41 -4.41 -4.41 -4.41 2
2 2
2 2 2
STRESSES AT
Top Steel 0.05 N/mm2 -3.62 -3.62 -3.62 -3.62 -3.62 -3.62 -3.62 3 L/8 -4.41 -3.62 -2.31 -21.96 -6.80
Bott Steel 0.17 N/mm2 -2.31 -2.31 -2.31 -2.31 -2.31 -2.31 -2.31 4 2L/8 -4.41 -3.62 -2.31 -21.96 -6.80
Gir.Top 0.37 N/mm2 -21.96 -21.96 -21.96 -21.96 -21.96 -21.96 -21.96 5 3L/8 -4.41 -3.62 -2.31 -21.96 -6.80
Gir. Bott. 3.06 N/mm2 -6.80 -6.80 -6.80 -6.80 -6.80 -6.80 -6.80 6 4L/8 -4.41 -3.62 -2.31 -21.96 -6.80

Design of Plate Girder for Construction Stage

(Girder is being lifted or resting on bearings. Cross Girders not connected yet.)
Design of laterally unsupported beam as per Cl. 509.2.2 of IRC 24‐2010
Md = βb Zp fbd
βb = 0.87 for Class‐3(Semi‐Compact)
Zp = 0.10678 m3
Ze = 0.09297 m3
fy = 330 Mpa
fbd = χLT fy / γm0
фLT = 0.5 (1 + αLT (λLT ‐ 0.2) + λLT2)

αLT = 0.49 For welded section
Elastic critical moment of a section symmetrical about minor axis
Annex. C, IRC:24-2010
4
E = 200000 Mpa It = 5.56E+07 mm
4
G = 77000 Mpa Iy = 5.70E+04 mm
4
LLT = 58000 mm Iw = 7.84E+22 mm
0.5
Mcr = [ 3.35E+01 x { 1.37E+18 + 1.28E+11 } ]
= 3.92E+10 Nmm
λLT = ( βb Zp fy /Mcr)0.5 </= (1.2 Ze fy / Mcr)0.5

= 0.884 </= 0.969
= 0.884
фLT = 1.059
χLT = 0.610 </= 1
= 0.610
fbd = 182.856 Mpa

Md = 1700.062 t‐m
Section CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8

Distance from brg. 0 7.375 14.75 22.125 29.5
Selfweight of Girder only
Bending Moment T-m -0.15 221.77 380.28 475.39 507.09
Md T-m 1700.06 1700.06 1700.06 1700.06 1700.06
Status SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE

Design of Plate Girder for Construction Stage

(Cross Girders are connected and Deck Slab concrete is green)
1 Minimum Spacing of Girders = Eff. Span/20 Clause 504.3 of IRC:24‐2010

= 2.9 m
Spacing provided = 3m > 2.9 Hence OK
2 Minimum effective depth of girder = Eff. span /25 Clause 504.4 of IRC:24‐2010
= 2.32 m
Effective Depth provided = 2.64 m > 2.32 Hence OK
3 Maximum Effective Depth of girder = 3 x spacing Clause 504.4 of IRC:24‐2010

= 9.00 m
Effective Depth provided = 2.64 m < 9 Hence OK
4 Design of laterally supported beam as per Cl. 509.2.1 of IRC 24‐2010
Checking whether the section is susceptible to web buckling under shear before yielding
d/tw = 217
ε = 1
67ε = 58
d/tw > 67ε OK
The section is not susceptible to web buckling under shear before yielding
When Shear Force V < 0.6 Vd When Shear Force V > 0.6 Vd
Md = βb Zp fy / γm0 Md = Mdv
βb = 0.87 Mdv = min. Md ‐ β( Md ‐ Mfd)
for Class‐3(Semi‐Compact) 1.2Ze fy / γm0
3
Zp = 0.10678 m for plastic or compact sections
3
Ze = 0.09297 m
fy = 330 Mpa = Ze fy / γm0
γm0 = 1.10 for semi compact sections
Md = 2789.18 T‐m β = (2V/Vd ‐ 1)2
Mfd = Plastic strength of section
excluding web
= 2962.7 T‐m
Outer Girder Check

Distance from brg. 0 0 0 0 0
1.35Girder + 1.35Green Conc. + 1.35Shuttering + 1.35Const. LL
Shear Force V T-m 172.09 129.07 86.05 43.02 0.00
Shear Strength Vd T-m 182.89 182.89 182.89 182.89 182.89
V>0.6Vd V>0.6Vd V<0.6Vd V<0.6Vd V<0.6Vd
β 0.78 0.17 0.00 0.28 1.00
βb Zp fy / γm0 T-m 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18
Ze fy / γm0 T-m 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18
Md ‐ β( Md ‐ Mfd) T-m 2924.10 2818.54 2789.78 2837.83 2962.68
1.2Ze fy / γm0 T-m 3347.01 3347.01 3347.01 3347.01 3347.01
Md T-m 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18

Status T-m SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE

Inner Girder Check

Distance from brg. 70.704895 70.704895 61.866783 49.493427 34.46863636
1.35Girder + 1.35Green Conc. + 1.35Shuttering + 1.35Const. LL
Shear Force V T-m 183.28 137.46 91.64 45.82 0.00
Shear Strength Vd T-m 182.89 182.89 182.89 182.89 182.89
V>0.6Vd V>0.6Vd V<0.6Vd V<0.6Vd V<0.6Vd
β 1.01 0.25 0.00 0.25 1.00
βb Zp fy / γm0 T-m 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18
Ze fy / γm0 T-m 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18
Md ‐ β( Md ‐ Mfd) T-m 2964.15 2833.11 2789.18 2832.37 2962.68
1.2Ze fy / γm0 T-m 3347.01 3347.01 3347.01 3347.01 3347.01
Md T-m 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18 2789.18

Status T-m SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE

Ultimate Limit state Checks for Outer Girder

Class of section used = Class-1(Plastic)
1) Position of plastic neutral axis (neglecting haunch effect)

NOTE: In Plastic analysis, both concrete and steel will have rectangular stress diagram.
ds = Overall depth of concrete slab = 220 mm

beff = 2.725 m
Yield stress = 330 Mpa
m, Material safty factor for structure steel= 1.1
Allowable Yield stress = 300 Mpa
Grade of concrete = 40 Mpa
PNA calculation At midspan
Plastic Neutral axis depth from top of slab 1104 mm Web PNA location
Resultant Force 0T
Comp (T) Tension (T)
Deck Slab 1070 0

Haunch 0 0
Top flange 864 0
WEB 251 685
Bottom flange-3 0 1500
Total 2185 2185

Ultimate Limit state Checks for Sagging

2) Moment resistance
compression
concrete
N A
compression steel
Tension
lever arm from top

Comp (T) Tension (T) lever arm from bot
(mm)
Deck Slab 1070 110 0 0

Haunch 0 0 0 0
Top flange 864 388 0 0
WEB 251 755 685 1001
Bottom flange-3 0 0 1500 25
Total 2185 294 2185 331
Plastic moment capacity Mp 5311 T-m
3) Check for Shear Capacity

Design Against Vertical Shear and its effect on plastic moment capacity
V <= Vd
Vd = Design shear strength
= Vn / mo
Vn = Nominal plastic shear resistance under pure shear
mo = Partial shear factor against failure(Clause 601.4)
The vertical shear force is assumed to be resisted by the web of the steel section only unless the value for a contribution for
the reinforced concrete part has been established. The nominal shear strength, Vn may be governed by plastic shear resistance
or strength of the web as governed by shear buckling.

3.1 Plastic Shear resistance

Vn = Vp
Vp = Av . f yw
3
Av = Shear Area
Av about major axis of bending = h.tw
= 31200 mm2
f yw = 330 Mpa
mo = 1.1 partial safety factor
d tw Av Vp Vn
2600 12 31200 605.953 605.953
3.2 Shear buckling resistance

a) Simple post-critical method
Used for webs of I-section girders, with or without intermediate transverse stiffener, provided that the
web has transverse stiffeners at the supports.
Vn = Vcr
Vcr = Shear force corresponding to web buckling
Vcr = Av * t b
Av = Shear Area
= 31200 mm2
tb = shear stress corresponding to web buckling determined as follows

= fyw / 3 for w <= 0.8
= [ 1 -0.8 (lw - 0.8)] (fyw / 3) for 0.8 < w < 1.2
2
= fyw / 3 / lw for w >= 1.2
w = Non-dimensional web slenderness ratio for shear buckling stress, given by
w =  fyw / 3 / tcr,e
tcr,e = Elastic critical shear stress of web

= Kv p2 E
12 ( 1- m ) ( d / tw )2
2
 = poisson's ratio = 0.3

Kv = 5.35 when transverse stiffners are provided only at support
= 4 + 5.35 / (c/d)2 for c/d < 1
2
= 5.35 + 4 / (c/d) for c/d >= 1
where, c & d are the spacing of transverse stiffeners and depth of web respectively
c = 1705.882 mm
d = 2600 mm
c/d = 0.656109

Kv = 16.43
E = Modulus of elasticity of strucural steel

= 2.00E+05 Mpa
cr,e = 63.25697 Mpa
w = 1.735491
b = 63.25697 Mpa
Vcr = Av* t b
= 201.1843 Tonne
Vn = Vcr
= 201.1843 Tonne
d c/d Kv tw cr,e w b Av Vcr Vn

2600 0.65611 16.42803 12 63.257 1.7354913 63.257 31200 201.184 201.184
b) Tension Field Method

Used for webs with intermediate stiffeners, in addition to the transverse stiffeners at support.
c/d = 0.66 < 1, Hence tennsion field method is not applicable
Vn = Vtf
Vtf = Av τb + 0.9 wtf tw fv sinΦ </= Vp
2
Av = 31200 mm
τb = 63.25697 Mpa
Φ = tan-1 (d/c) = 0.99 radians = 56.7 degrees
cosΦ = 0.55
sinΦ = 0.84
Mfr = 0.25 bf tf2 fyf [1 - { Nf / (bf tf fyf / γmo)}2 ]
For sagging, top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension
So, Bottom flange Top Flange
bf = 1000 mm bf = 800 mm
tf = 50 mm tf = 36 mm
Nf = -15000000 N Nf = 8640000 N
Mfr = 0 Nmm Mfr = 0 Nmm
0.5
s = 2/sinΦ [Mfr/fyw tw]
st = 0 mm sc = 0 mm
wtf = d cosΦ + (c-sc-st) sinΦ = 2852.6 mm

Ψ = 1.5 τb sin2Φ = 87.0 Mpa
[fyw2 - 3τb + Ψ2]0.5 - Ψ
2
fv = = 236.2 Mpa
Vtf = 805.73 T

Shear Capacity of section

Vn = min ( Vp , Vcr , Vtf )
Vd = Vn / mo
Vp Vcr Vtf Vn mo Vd

606 201 N/A 201 1.1 183
V < 0.6 Vd, Hence No reduction in plastic bending resistance. (Refer clause 603.5.3.3 of IRC-22-2015)
4) Reduction in bending resistance under high shear force
(Refer clause 603.5.3.3 of IRC-22-2008)
If V is less than 0.6Vd there is no reduction in the plastic bending resistance of the section but when V>0.6vd the
bending resistance of the section is reduced as the contribution of web to bending gets dismissed.
Mdv = Md -  (Md- Mfd) <= 1.2 ze fy /γm0
Where  = ( 2 V/Vd -1)
Md = Plastic design moment of the whole section disregarding high shear force effect
considering web buckling effect.
Mfd = Plastic design strength of the area of cross section excluding the shear area
considering partial safety factor m0
Z = Elastic section modulus of whole section
Calculation of M fd
Recalculation of position of plastic neutral axis neglecting the web of girder
Plastic Neutral axis depth from top of slab 397 mm Top Flange PNA location
Resultant Force 0T
Deck Slab 1070 0

Haunch 0 0
Top flange 647 217
WEB 0 0
Total 1717 1717

compression
concrete
N A
compression steel
Tension
Moment resistance excluding web
lever arm from top

(mm)
Deck Slab 1070 110 0 0

Haunch 0 0 0 0
Top flange 647 388 217 2301
WEB 0 0 0 0
Total 1717 215 1717 312
Mfd 4341 T-m

Outer Girder 1.35DL + 1.75Surf. + 1.35SIDL + 1.5LL + 0.9Wind
V (T) 292.89 252.97 188.17 122.80 54.40
Vd (T) 183 183 183 183 183
Status (Yes for reduction in design bending strength) Yes Yes Yes Yes No
β 4.852 3.120 1.119 0.118 0.164
Md (T-m) 5311 5311 5311 5311 5311
Md - Mfd (T-m) 970 970 970 970 970
Ze (m3) 0.158 0.158 0.158 0.158 0.158
1.2 Ze fy /γm0 (T-m) 5679 5679 5679 5679 5679
Ze fy /γm0 (T-m) 4733 4733 4733 4733 4733
Mdv (Plastic and Compact) (T-m) 606 2286 4226 5197 5152
Mdv (Semi Compact) (T-m) 4733 4733 4733 4733 4733
Mdv Considered (T-m) 606 2286 4226 5197 5152
Class- Class- Class- Class- Class-

Section Classification
1(Plastic) 1(Plastic) 1(Plastic) 1(Plastic) 1(Plastic)
Net Bending Strength of section (T-m) 606 2286 4226 5197 5311

Ultimate Limit state Checks for Inner Girder

Class of section used = Class-1(Plastic)
1) Position of plastic neutral axis (neglecting haunch effect)

NOTE: In Plastic analysis, both concrete and steel will have rectangular stress diagram.
ds = Overall depth of concrete slab = 220 mm

beff = 3 m
Yield stress = 330 Mpa
m, Material safty factor for structure steel= 1.1
Allowable Yield stress = 300 Mpa
Grade of concrete = 40 Mpa
Plastic Neutral axis depth from top of slab 954 mm Web PNA location
Resultant Force 0T
Deck Slab 1177 0

Haunch 0 0
Top flange 864 0
WEB 197 739
Total 2239 2239

Ultimate Limit state Checks for Sagging

2) Moment resistance
compression
concrete
N A
compression steel
Tension
lever arm from top

(mm)
Deck Slab 1177 110 0 0

Haunch 0 0 0 0
Top flange 864 388 0 0
WEB 197 680 739 1076
Total 2239 268 2239 372
Plastic moment capacity Mp 5410 T-m
3) Check for Shear Capacity

Design Against Vertical Shear and its effect on plastic moment capacity
V <= Vd
Vd = Design shear strength
= Vn / mo
Vn = Nominal plastic shear resistance under pure shear
mo = Partial shear factor against failure(Clause 601.4)
The vertical shear force is assumed to be resisted by the web of the steel section only unless the value for a contribution for
the reinforced concrete part has been established. The nominal shear strength, Vn may be governed by plastic shear resistance
or strength of the web as governed by shear buckling.

3.1 Plastic Shear resistance

Vn = Vp
Vp = Av . f yw
3
Av = Shear Area
Av about major axis of bending = h.tw
= 31200 mm2
f yw = 330 Mpa
mo = 1.1 partial safety factor
d tw Av Vp Vn
2600 12 31200 605.953 605.953
3.2 Shear buckling resistance

a) Simple post-critical method
Used for webs of I-section girders, with or without intermediate transverse stiffener, provided that the
web has transverse stiffeners at the supports.
Vn = Vcr
Vcr = Shear force corresponding to web buckling
Vcr = Av * t b
Av = Shear Area
= 31200 mm2
tb = shear stress corresponding to web buckling determined as follows

= fyw / 3 for w <= 0.8
= [ 1 -0.8 (lw - 0.8)] (fyw / 3) for 0.8 < w < 1.2
2
= fyw / 3 / lw for w >= 1.2
w = Non-dimensional web slenderness ratio for shear buckling stress, given by
w =  fyw / 3 / tcr,e
tcr,e = Elastic critical shear stress of web

= Kv p2 E
12 ( 1- m ) ( d / tw )2
2
 = poisson's ratio = 0.3

Kv = 5.35 when transverse stiffners are provided only at support
= 4 + 5.35 / (c/d)2 for c/d < 1
2
= 5.35 + 4 / (c/d) for c/d >= 1
c = 1705.882 mm
d = 2600 mm
c/d = 0.656109

Kv = 16.43
E = Modulus of elasticity of strucural steel

= 2.00E+05 Mpa
cr,e = 63.25697 Mpa
w = 1.735491
b = 63.25697 Mpa
Vcr = Av* t b
= 201.1843 Tonne
Vn = Vcr
= 201.1843 Tonne
d c/d Kv tw cr,e w b Av Vcr Vn

2600 0.65611 16.42803 12 63.257 1.7354913 63.257 31200 201.184 201.184
b) Tension Field Method

Used for webs with intermediate stiffeners, in addition to the transverse stiffeners at support.
c/d = 0.66 < 1, Hence tennsion field method is not applicable
Vn = Vtf
Vtf = Av τb + 0.9 wtf tw fv sinΦ </= Vp
2
Av = 31200 mm
τb = 63.25697 Mpa
Φ = tan-1 (d/c) = 0.99 radians = 56.7 degrees
cosΦ = 0.55
sinΦ = 0.84
Mfr = 0.25 bf tf2 fyf [1 - { Nf / (bf tf fyf / γmo)}2 ]
For sagging, top flange is in compression and bottom flange is in tension
So, Bottom flange Top Flange
bf = 1000 mm bf = 800 mm
tf = 50 mm tf = 36 mm
Nf = -15000000 N Nf = 8640000 N
Mfr = 0 Nmm Mfr = 0 Nmm
0.5
s = 2/sinΦ [Mfr/fyw tw]
st = 0 mm sc = 0 mm
wtf = d cosΦ + (c-sc-st) sinΦ = 2852.6 mm

Ψ = 1.5 τb sin2Φ = 87.0 Mpa
[fyw2 - 3τb + Ψ2]0.5 - Ψ
2
fv = = 236.2 Mpa
Vtf = 805.73 T

Shear Capacity of section

Vn = min ( Vp , Vcr , Vtf )
Vd = Vn / mo
Vp Vcr Vtf Vn mo Vd

606 201 N/A 201 1.1 183
V < 0.6 Vd, Hence No reduction in plastic bending resistance. (Refer clause 603.5.3.3 of IRC-22-2015)
4) Reduction in bending resistance under high shear force
(Refer clause 603.5.3.3 of IRC-22-2008)
If V is less than 0.6Vd there is no reduction in the plastic bending resistance of the section but when V>0.6vd the
bending resistance of the section is reduced as the contribution of web to bending gets dismissed.
Mdv = Md -  (Md- Mfd) <= 1.2 ze fy /γm0
Where  = ( 2 V/Vd -1)
Md = Plastic design moment of the whole section disregarding high shear force effect
considering web buckling effect.
Mfd = Plastic design strength of the area of cross section excluding the shear area
considering partial safety factor m0
Z = Elastic section modulus of whole section
Calculation of M fd
Recalculation of position of plastic neutral axis neglecting the web of girder
Plastic Neutral axis depth from top of slab 395 mm Top Flange PNA location
Resultant Force 0T
Deck Slab 1177 0

Haunch 0 0
Top flange 593 271
WEB 0 0
Total 1771 1771

compression
concrete
N A
compression steel
Tension
Moment resistance excluding web
lever arm from top

(mm)
Deck Slab 1177 110 0 0

Haunch 0 0 0 0
Top flange 593 388 271 2376
WEB 0 0 0 0
Total 1771 203 1771 384
Mfd 4371 T-m

Outer Girder 1.35DL + 1.75Surf. + 1.35SIDL + 1.5LL + 0.9Wind
V (T) 333.41 254.48 201.45 142.88 84.13
Vd (T) 183 183 183 183 183
Status (Yes for reduction in design bending strength) Yes Yes Yes Yes No
β 7.001 3.178 1.447 0.316 0.006
Md (T-m) 5410 5410 5410 5410 5410
Md - Mfd (T-m) 1039 1039 1039 1039 1039
Ze (m3) 0.158 0.158 0.158 0.158 0.158
1.2 Ze fy /γm0 (T-m) 5679 5679 5679 5679 5679
Ze fy /γm0 (T-m) 4733 4733 4733 4733 4733
Mdv (Plastic and Compact) (T-m) -1866 2107 3906 5081 5404
Mdv (Semi Compact) (T-m) 4733 4733 4733 4733 4733
Mdv Considered (T-m) -1866 2107 3906 5081 5404
Class- Class- Class- Class- Class-

Section Classification
1(Plastic) 1(Plastic) 1(Plastic) 1(Plastic) 1(Plastic)
Net Bending Strength of section (T-m) -1866 2107 3906 5081 5410

Fatigue Check
No. of stress cycles for fatigue assessment Nsc = 2.00E+06 cycles
Fatigue Truck Transverse wheel spacing
Clause 605.4 of IRC:22-2015
Impact Factor = 0.063

μr = (25/tp)0.25 </= 1
a) Fatigue strength for bending stresses in b) Fatigue strength for shear stress in welded
flanges of girder: joints:
tp = 50 mm tp = 50 mm
μr = 0.841 μr = 0.841
ff = 94 Mpa τf = 67.50 Mpa
γmft = 1.35 γmft = 1.35
ffd = 58.55 Mpa τfd = 42.04 Mpa
Maximum stress range = 1.5 fy Maximum stress range = 1.5 fy / 30.5
= 495 Mpa = 285.8 Mpa

Servicability Limit state Checks
Stress Check for Outer Girder
fec = [ fbc2 + fp2 + fbc x fp + 3 τb2 ]0.5

fet = [ fbt2 + fp2 + fbt x fp + 3 τb2 ]0.5
Where,
fec and fet = Equivalent compressive and tensile stress in steel
fbc and fbt = Actual compressive and tensile stress in steel
fp = Actual bearing stress in steel
τb = Actual shear stress in steel
2725
51
220
169
150 36
1439
800
3056 12
2600
Dimensions in mm
50
1000
Long Term
Modular ratio 15
S.no. Section Area c.g. depth Moment Local I c.g. from N.A. I about NA
m2 from top (m) m3 m4 (m) m4
1 Deck 0.040 0.110 0.004 2.42E-03 1.329 7.30E-02
2 Ast1 0.002 0.051 0.000 0.00E+00 1.388 3.27E-03
3 Ast2 0.002 0.169 0.000 0.00E+00 1.270 2.74E-03
4 Haunch (Ignored) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00E+00 1.439 0.00E+00
5 Top flange 0.029 0.388 0.011 3.11E-06 1.051 3.18E-02
6 Web 0.031 1.706 0.053 1.76E-02 0.267 1.98E-02
7 bottom Flange 0.050 3.031 0.152 1.04E-05 1.592 1.27E-01
0.153 0.221 0.257363
Depth of N.A. = 1.439 m

SLS Rare Combination y (m) CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8

DL + 1.2 SURF. + SIDL + LL + TEMP. + 0.6WIND
Moment (T-m) 0 1405 2404 2992 3191
Shear Force (T) 207 178 131 85 36
Temp. +ve stress Deck Top 1.439 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51 4.51
(Mpa) Top Steel 1.388 15.57 15.57 15.57 15.57 15.57
Bott Steel 1.270 -5.60 -5.60 -5.60 -5.60 -5.60
Gir.Top 1.069 -8.58 -8.58 -8.58 -8.58 -8.58
Gir. Bott. -1.617 12.10 12.10 12.10 12.10 12.10
Temp. -ve stress Deck Top 1.439 -4.36 -4.36 -4.36 -4.36 -4.36
(Mpa) Top Steel 1.388 -22.57 -22.57 -22.57 -22.57 -22.57
Bott Steel 1.270 -14.31 -14.31 -14.31 -14.31 -14.31
Gir.Top 1.069 -21.70 -21.70 -21.70 -21.70 -21.70
Gir. Bott. -1.617 -7.10 -7.10 -7.10 -7.10 -7.10
Stress at deck top (Mpa) 1.439 4.51 9.75 13.48 15.67 16.41
Permissible stress (Mpa) 19.20 19.20 19.20 19.20 19.20
Status OK OK OK OK OK
Stress in top steel (Mpa) 1.388 16 91 145 177 188
Permissible stress (Mpa) 300 300 300 300 300
Stress in bottom steel (Mpa) 1.270 0 69 119 148 157
At Top of top flange 1.069

fbc (Mpa) 0 58 100 124 133
fp (Mpa) 0 0 0 0 0
τb (Mpa) 66 57 42 27 12
feq (Mpa) 66 82 108 127 133
At the Bottom of bottom flange -1.617

fbt (Mpa) -7 -95 -158 -195 -208
fp (Mpa) 0 0 0 0 0
τb (Mpa) 66 22 38 47 50
feq (Mpa) 67 98 163 201 214

SLS QP Combination y (m) CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8

DL + 1.2 SURF. + SIDL
Moment (T-m) 0 851 1436 1782 1896
Fatigue Check y (m) CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8

Fatigue LL
Maximum Sagging Moment (T-m) 0 202 336 415 439
Maximum Hogging Moment (T-m) -21 -10 -9 -9 -12
Maximum Shear Force +ve (T) 29 28 23 19 15
Minimum Shear Force -ve (T) 0 -2 -7 -9 -15
Max. Stress at girder top (Mpa) 1.069 0.00 8.39 13.95 17.22 18.24
Min. Stress at girder top (Mpa) 1.069 -0.88 -0.40 -0.35 -0.35 -0.49
Stress Range (Mpa) 0.88 8.79 14.31 17.58 18.72
Fatigue Strength (Mpa) ffd 58.55 58.55 58.55 58.55 58.55
Shear Stress +ve (Mpa) 9.16 8.86 7.50 6.20 4.77

Shear Stress -ve (Mpa) 0.00 -0.65 -2.18 -2.79 -4.77
Stress Range (Mpa) 9.16 9.51 9.68 8.99 9.54
Fatigue Strength (Mpa) τfd 42.04 42.04 42.04 42.04 42.04

Stress Check for Inner Girder
fec = [ fbc2 + fp2 + fbc x fp + 3 τb2 ]0.5

fet = [ fbt2 + fp2 + fbt x fp + 3 τb2 ]0.5
Where,
fec and fet = Equivalent compressive and tensile stress in steel
fbc and fbt = Actual compressive and tensile stress in steel
fp = Actual bearing stress in steel
τb = Actual shear stress in steel
3000
51
220
169
150 36
1405
800
3056 12
2600
Dimensions in mm
50
1000
Long Term
Modular ratio 15
S.no. Section Area c.g. depth Moment Local I c.g. from N.A. I about NA
m2 from top (m) m3 m4 (m) m4
1 Deck 0.044 0.110 0.005 2.66E-03 1.295 7.65E-02
2 Ast1 0.002 0.051 0.000 0.00E+00 1.354 3.11E-03
3 Ast2 0.002 0.169 0.000 0.00E+00 1.236 2.59E-03
4 Haunch (Ignored) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00E+00 1.405 0.00E+00
5 Top flange 0.029 0.388 0.011 3.11E-06 1.017 2.98E-02
6 Web 0.031 1.706 0.053 1.76E-02 0.301 2.04E-02
7 bottom Flange 0.050 3.031 0.152 1.04E-05 1.626 1.32E-01
0.157 0.221 2.65E-01
Depth of N.A. = 1.405 m

SLS Rare Combination y (m) CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8

DL + 1.2 SURF. + SIDL + LL + TEMP. + 0.6WIND
Moment (T-m) -1 1313 2206 2765 2954
Shear Force (T) 234 178 141 99 56
Temp. +ve stress Deck Top 1.405 4.46 4.46 4.46 4.46 4.46
(Mpa) Top Steel 1.354 15.24 15.24 15.24 15.24 15.24
Bott Steel 1.236 -5.90 -5.90 -5.90 -5.90 -5.90
Gir.Top 1.035 -8.85 -8.85 -8.85 -8.85 -8.85
Gir. Bott. -1.651 12.40 12.40 12.40 12.40 12.40
Temp. -ve stress Deck Top 1.405 -4.41 -4.41 -4.41 -4.41 -4.41
(Mpa) Top Steel 1.354 -3.62 -3.62 -3.62 -3.62 -3.62
Bott Steel 1.236 -2.31 -2.31 -2.31 -2.31 -2.31
Gir.Top 1.035 -21.96 -21.96 -21.96 -21.96 -21.96
Gir. Bott. -1.651 -6.80 -6.80 -6.80 -6.80 -6.80
Stress in top steel (Mpa) 1.354 15 82 128 157 166
Stress in bottom steel (Mpa) 1.236 0 61 103 129 138
At Top of top flange 1.035

fbc (Mpa) 0 51 86 108 116
fp (Mpa) 0 0 0 0 0
τb (Mpa) 75 57 45 32 18
feq (Mpa) 75 77 97 113 117
At the Bottom of bottom flange -1.651

fbt (Mpa) -7 -89 -144 -179 -191
fp (Mpa) 0 0 0 0 0
τb (Mpa) 75 20 33 41 44
feq (Mpa) 75 91 148 184 196

SLS QP Combination y (m) CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8

DL + 1.2 SURF. + SIDL
Moment (T-m) 0 826 1457 1845 1977
Fatigue Check y (m) CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8

Fatigue LL
Maximum Sagging Moment (T-m) 0 132 191 223 236
Maximum Hogging Moment (T-m) -11 -9 -4 -3 -2
Maximum Shear Force +ve (T) 27 21 19 17 15
Minimum Shear Force -ve (T) 0 -5 -12 -14 -15
Max. Stress at girder top (Mpa) 1.035 0.00 5.16 7.49 8.73 9.23
Min. Stress at girder top (Mpa) 1.035 -0.42 -0.33 -0.17 -0.12 -0.08
Stress Range (Mpa) 0.42 5.49 7.65 8.86 9.32
Fatigue Strength (Mpa) ffd 58.55 58.55 58.55 58.55 58.55
Shear Stress +ve (Mpa) 8.55 6.81 6.00 5.49 4.94

Shear Stress -ve (Mpa) 0.00 -1.53 -3.92 -4.57 -4.94
Stress Range (Mpa) 8.55 8.35 9.91 10.05 9.88
Fatigue Strength (Mpa) τfd 42.04 42.04 42.04 42.04 42.04

Design of Shear Connectors (Studs) for Outer Girder

Clause 606.3 of IRC:22‐2015
Ultimate strength of shear connectors
2
Qu = 0.87 fu π d /4 </= 0.29 α d2 (0.8 fck Ec)0.5
γy
fu = 500 Mpa γy = 1.25
Nominal dia, d = 25 mm height of stud, hs= 100 mm
hs / d = 4 α = 1
Qu = 17.08 t </= 18.23 t
= 17.08 t
Ultimate Limit State Design
Interface Shear VL = Σ[ V Ac Y / I ]
Clause 606.4.1 of IRC:22‐2015
CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8
Vertical Shear, V (t) Sustained Load 175.57 138.46 89.74 45.75 2.70
(1.35DL + 1.35SIDL + 1.75Surf.)
Long term transformed compressive area (m2) 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040
4
Long term moment of inertia I (m ) 0.261 0.261 0.261 0.261 0.261
Dist of conc c.g. from N.A., Y (m) 1.289 1.289 1.289 1.289 1.289
VL long term (t/m) 35 27 18 9 1
Vertical Shear, V (t) Transient Load 117.3 114.5 98.4 77.1 51.7
(1.5LL + 0.9Wind)
Short term transformed compressive area (m2) 0.080 0.080 0.080 0.080 0.080
Short term moment of inertia I (m4) 0.321 0.321 0.321 0.321 0.321
VL long term (t/m) 29 28 24 19 13
VL (t/m) 64 56 42 28 13
No. of connectors 3 3 3 3 3
Spacing of connectors required (mm) 806 922 1220 1828 3854
Longitudinal Force due to bending

Clause 606.4.1.1 of IRC:22‐2015
2 2
Asl = 66205 mm Aec = 599500 mm
(Area of longitudinal tensile steel) (Effective area of concrete)
H1 = 2878 t H2 = 863.28 t
CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8


Serviceability Limit State

CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8
Vertical Shear, Vr (t) Live Load Envelope 117.319 114.504 98.431 77.056 51.704
2
Aec (m ) 0.600 0.600 0.600 0.600 0.600
Qr (t) 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
Spacing of connectors required (mm) 102.29 104.80 121.91 155.73 232.09
Min. Spacing of connectors required (mm) 102 105 122 156 232
Maximum spacing of connectors (mm) 400 400 400 400 400
Minimum spacing of connectors 75 75 75 75 75
Spacing of connectors provided (mm) 100 100 100 100 150

Design of Shear Connectors (Studs) for Inner Girder

Ultimate strength of shear connectors
2
Qu = 0.87 fu π d /4 </= 0.29 α d2 (0.8 fck Ec)0.5
γy
fu = 500 Mpa γy = 1.25
Nominal dia, d = 25 mm height of stud, hs= 100 mm
hs / d = 4 α = 1
Qu = 17.08 t </= 18.23 t
= 17.08 t
Ultimate Limit State Design
Interface Shear VL = Σ[ V Ac Y / I ]
Clause 606.4.1 of IRC:22‐2015
CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8
Vertical Shear, V (t) Sustained Load 185.78 136.47 97.14 52.28 4.59
(1.35DL + 1.35SIDL + 1.75Surf.)
Long term transformed compressive area (m2) 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044 0.044
4
Long term moment of inertia I (m ) 0.268 0.268 0.268 0.268 0.268
VL long term (t/m) 38 28 20 11 1
Vertical Shear, V (t) Transient Load 120.0 118.0 104.3 90.6 79.5
(1.5LL + 0.9Wind)
Short term transformed compressive area (m2) 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.088 0.088
Short term moment of inertia I (m4) 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329
VL long term (t/m) 31 30 27 23 20
VL (t/m) 69 58 47 34 21
No. of connectors 3 3 3 3 3
Longitudinal Force due to bending

Clause 606.4.1.1 of IRC:22‐2015
2 2
Asl = 67840 mm Aec = 660000 mm
(Area of longitudinal tensile steel) (Effective area of concrete)
H1 = 2950 t H2 = 950.4 t
CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8


Serviceability Limit State

CL Brg. L/8 2L/8 3L/8 4L/8
Vertical Shear, Vr (t) Live Load Envelope 120.000 118.007 104.302 90.597 79.544
2
Aec (m ) 0.660 0.660 0.660 0.660 0.660
Qr (t) 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
Spacing of connectors required (mm) 100.10 101.69 115.05 132.45 150.86
Min. Spacing of connectors required (mm) 100 102 115 132 151
Maximum spacing of connectors (mm) 400 400 400 400 400
Minimum spacing of connectors 75 75 75 75 75
Spacing of connectors provided (mm) 100 100 100 100 150

Transverse shear check 1 1
1 2 2 1
Shear plane ‐ 1‐1

Length of possible shear plane 1‐1 = 220 mm
Depth of deck slab = 220 mm
Beff = 2725 mm
fck M 40 MPa
fst yield stress of transverse reinforcement = 500 MPa
n = 1
Ast of deck bottom = 9.43 cm2
V = 100 t
A = 0.5995 m2
I = 0.26138 m4
y = 1.29 m
m = 15.00
Shear force transferred per metre length VL = 197.111 kN/m
Effective VL = 127.489 kN/m
(i) VL ≤ 0.632 L √ fck = 879.37 kN/m OK

or
(ii) VL ≤ 0.232 L √ fck + 0.1 Ast fst n = 794.06 kN/m OK
Amount of transverse steel in the bottom of slab > 2.5 VL cm2/m

fst
2 2
9.425 cm /m > 0.63745 cm /m
Ok ,Hence no transverse reinforcement required
Shear plane ‐ 2‐2
Length of possible shear plane 2‐2 = 1000 mm
Depth of deck slab = 220 mm
Beff = 2725 mm
fck M 40 MPa
fst yield stress of transverse reinforcement = 500 MPa
n = 2
Ast of deck bottom = 9.43 cm2
V = 100 t
A = 0.5995 m2
I = 0.26138 m4
y = 1.28912 m
m = 15
Shear force transferred per metre length VL = 197.111 kN/m
(i) VL ≤ 0.632 L √ fck = 3997.12 kN/m OK

or
(ii) VL ≤ 0.232 L √ fck + 0.1 Ast fst n = 2409.80 kN/m OK
2
Amount of transverse steel in the bottom of slab > 2.5 VL cm /m
fst
2 2
9.43 cm /m > 0.98556 cm /m
Ok ,Hence no transverse reinforcement required

DESIGN OF STIFFENERS
Serviceability requirement:
Clause 509.6.1 b) of IRC:24 - 2010
Spacing of stiffereners c = 1705.9 mm
Thickness of web tw = 12 mm
Depth of web d = 2600 mm
0.5
εw = (250 / fy)
= 0.870
b) When transverse stiffeners are provided Applicable

i) When 3d>=c>=d Not applicable
d/tw <= 200 εw
216.7 <= 174.08 Revise
ii) When 0.74d<=c<=d Not applicable
c/tw <= 200 εw
142.157 <= 174.08 OK
iii) When c < d Applicable
d/tw <= 270 εw
216.667 <= 235.00 OK
iv) When c > 3d As c > 3d the web shall be conNot applicable
1) Design of intermediate transverse web stiffeners (Refer clause 509.7.2 of IRC:24-2010)

(for longitudinal girder)
Intermediate transverse stiffeners may be provided on one on both sides of the web.
Minimum Stiffeners: Transverse web stiffeners not subjected to external loading or moments should
have second moument of area, Is about the centerline of the web (if stiffeners are on both side of
the web) and about the face of the web (if single stiffener on only one side of the web is used) such
that
if c/d < 2 And if c/d >= 2

< 1.41421 >= 1.414214
Is >= 1.5 d3tw3 Is >= 0.75 dtw3
c2
>= 2E+07 mm4 >= 3369600 mm4
c/d = 0.65611 < 1.41

4
Is >= 2E+07 mm
Stiffners are provided on both side

Size of stiffeners
a= 300
12 mm
tq = 12 mm thickness 2600
300 mm
Outstand of web stiffeners - Unless the outer edge is continuously stiffened, the outstand from the face
of the web should not exceed 20tq
When the outstand is between 14tq and 20tq, then the stiffener design should be on the basis of a
core section with an outstand of 14tq.
where tq = thickness of the stiffener
14 tq  = 146.225 mm
20 tq  = 208.893 mm
a = min(14tqe, 300)
= 146.225 mm
Is = 2 . (tq . a3)/12 + 2 . a . tq . ((a + tw)/2)^2
= 6.3E+06 + 1.9E+07
4
Is of stiffeners = 2.5E+07 mm OK
c) Buckling check on intermediate transverse web stiffeners : Stiffeners not subjected to external loads
of moments.
Fq = V - Vcr/m <= Fqd

m = 1.25
Fqd = design resistance of the intermediate stiffeners
V = Factored shear force adjacent to the stiffener
= 97 t
Vcr = Shear buckling resistance of the web panel designed without
using tension field action
= 201.184 t (already calculated in ULS design)
Fq = -63.9474 Hence safe

2) Design of bearing stiffeners (for longitudinal girder)

a) Check for requirement of bearing stiffeners : Bearing stiffeners should be provided where force
applied through a flange by load or reactions exceeds local capacity of the web at its connection to
flange, Fw.
Fw = (b1 + n2) tw . fyw / mo
Cross girder
2600
Load carrying stiffener

n2 = 1050
b1 = 900
50
800 Bearing

12
Web of end cross girder
b1 = Stiff bearing length

= 900 mm
n2 = Length obtained by dispersion through the flange to the web junction at a slope
of 1:2.5 to the plane of the flange.
= 1050 mm
tw = Thickness of web
= 12 mm
fyw = Yield stress of web
330 Mpa
mo = 1.25
Reaction = 295.597 t = 2899805 N

Fw = 6177600 N Bearing stiffener not required
Still Bearing stiffner provided at jack location of 16 mm thick and 275 mm length on both sides

4) Design of intermediate transverse web stiffeners (for end cross girder)

a) Intermediate transverse stiffeners may be provided on one on both sides of the web.
b) Minimum Stiffeners: Transverse web stiffeners not subjected to external loading or moments should
have second moument of area, Is about the centerline of the web (if stiffeners are on both side of
the web) and about the face of the web (if single stiffener on only one side of the web is used) such
that
if c/d >= 2
>= 1.41421
3
Is >= 0.75 dtw
if c/d < 2
< 1.41421
Is >= 1.5 d3tw3
2
c
Where,
d = depth of web
= 2600 mm
 = ( 250 / fy ) 1/2
fy = 330 MPa
 = 0.870
Kv = 5.35 when transverse stiffeners are provided only at support
= 4 + 5.35 / (c/d) 2 for c/d < 1
= 5.35 + 4 / (c/d) 2 for c/d >= 1
Spacing of intermediate stiffeners depends on the web thickness of main girder. It is explained in
SLS design clause 3
Maximum spacing of stiffener = 1200 mm
c = 1200 mm OK
c/d = 0.462
Kv = 29.1153
d/tw = 67 (Kv/ 5.35 )
tw = d/(67 (Kv/ 5.35 ))
tw = 19.11 mm OK

4
Is = 1.3E+08 mm
Stiffners are provided on both side
Size of stiffeners
a= 200 25
ts = 20 mm thickness 2600 200 200


Outstand of web stiffeners - Unless the outer edge is continuously stiffened, the outstand from the face
of the web should not exceed 20 tq
When the outstand is between 14t q and 20tq, then the stiffener design should be on the basis of a
core section with an outstand of 14t q.
where tq = thickness of the stiffener
14tq = 243.709 mm
20tq = 348.155 mm
a = min(14tqe, 200)
= 200 mm
Iy = 2 . (ts . a3)/12 + 2 . a . ts . ((a + tw)/2)^2
= 2.7E+07 + 1.0E+08
4
Is of stiffeners = 1.3E+08 mm OK
c) Buckling check on intermediate transverse web stiffeners : Stiffeners not subjected to external loads
of moments.
Fq = V - Vcr/m <= Fqd

m = 1.25
Fqd = design resistance of the intermediate stiffeners
V = Factor shear force adjacent to the stiffener
= 218.45 t
Vcr = Shear buckling resistance of the web panel designed without
using tension field action
= 1125.83 t (already calculated in x-girder design)
Fq = -682.216 Hence safe

DESIGN OF END CROSS GIRDERS
Design of laterally unsupported beam as per Cl. 509.2.2 of IRC 24‐2010
Md = βb Zp fbd
βb = 2.76 for Class‐3(Semi‐compact)
Zp = 0.01572 m3
Ze = 0.04334 m3
fy = 330 Mpa
fbd = χLT fy / γm0
фLT = 0.5 (1 + αLT (λLT ‐ 0.2) + λLT2)

αLT = 0.49 For welded section
Elastic critical moment of a section symmetrical about minor axis
Annex. C, IRC:24-2010
4
E = 200000 Mpa It = 2.32E+06 mm
4
G = 77000 Mpa Iy = 9.34E+07 mm
4
LLT = 3000 mm Iw = 5.79E+11 mm
0.5
Mcr = [ 2.05E+07 x { 6.20E+03 + 8.71E+03 } ]
= 2.50E+09 Nmm
λLT = ( βb Zp fy /Mcr)0.5 </= (1.2 Ze fy / Mcr)0.5

= 2.391 </= 2.620
= 2.391
фLT = 3.896
χLT = 0.143 </= 1
= 0.143
fbd = 43.025 Mpa

Md = 186.476 t‐m
Bending moment in cross Girder Load B.M. (t‐m) Factor

(Jacked up condition) DL 79 1.35
SIDL 25 1.35
Surf 13 1.75
Net Bending Moment = 163.15 t‐m

Bending Strength = 186.476 t‐m
Status SAFE

DESIGN OF INTERMEDIATE CROSS GIRDERS
2686
3 3
Equivalent truss for x-girder analysis
Transverse wind force on superstructure = 0.93 t/m

Length of superstructure = 60.00 m
Total transverse wind force on superstructure = 55.63 t
No. of cross Girders = 18
(Including End x-girders)
Wind force per intermediate cross Girder = 3.09 t
In addition, x-girders should be able to carry 25% of total force in top flange during
construction stage.
2
Area of top flange Atf = 28800 mm
Maximum force in top flange = Atf x fy
= 950.4 t
F = 13.20 t
The cross girder members are checked in Staad Pro.
Status SAFE
1. STAAD TRUSS
INPUT FILE: Intermediate.STD
2. START JOB INFORMATION
3. ENGINEER DATE 08-JUL-21
4. END JOB INFORMATION
5. INPUT WIDTH 79
6. UNIT METER MTON
7. JOINT COORDINATES
8. 1 0 0 0; 2 0 2.686 0; 3 3 2.686 0; 4 3 0 0; 5 6 0 0; 6 6 2.686 0
9. 7 4.5 1.343 0; 8 1.5 1.343 0
10. MEMBER INCIDENCES
11. 1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 4 8; 8 3 6; 9 1 4; 10 1 8; 11 3 7
12. 12 7 4; 13 8 2; 14 8 3; 15 7 5
13. DEFINE MATERIAL START
14. ISOTROPIC STEEL
15. E 2.09042E+007
16. POISSON 0.3
17. DENSITY 7.83341

18. ALPHA 1.2E-005

19. DAMP 0.03
20. TYPE STEEL
21. STRENGTH FY 25819.2 FU 41584 RY 1.5 RT 1.2
22. END DEFINE MATERIAL
23. MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN
24. 1 TO 15 TABLE LD ISA100X100X10 SP 0.016
25. CONSTANTS
26. MATERIAL STEEL ALL
27. SUPPORTS
28. 1 4 5 PINNED
29. LOAD 1 LOADTYPE NONE TITLE LOAD CASE 1
30. JOINT LOAD
31. 2 FX 14
32. PERFORM ANALYSIS
STAAD TRUSS -- PAGE NO. 2
PROBLEM STATISTICS
-----------------------------------
NUMBER OF JOINTS 8 NUMBER OF MEMBERS 15

NUMBER OF PLATES 0 NUMBER OF SOLIDS 0
NUMBER OF SURFACES 0 NUMBER OF SUPPORTS 3
SOLVER USED IS THE OUT-OF-CORE BASIC SOLVER
ORIGINAL/FINAL BAND-WIDTH= 7/ 7/ 10 DOF

TOTAL PRIMARY LOAD CASES = 1, TOTAL DEGREES OF FREEDOM = 10
TOTAL LOAD COMBINATION CASES = 0 SO FAR.
SIZE OF STIFFNESS MATRIX = 1 DOUBLE KILO-WORDS
REQRD/AVAIL. DISK SPACE = 12.0/ 228490.9 MB
33. PARAMETER 1
34. CODE IS800 LSD
35. CHECK CODE MEMB 2 4 6 TO 15
STAAD.PRO CODE CHECKING - IS-800 2007(LSD) (V2.0)

*****************************************************
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Member Number: 2 |
| Member Section: LD ISA100X100X10 (INDIAN SECTIONS) |

| Status: PASS Ratio: 0.543 Critical Load Case: 1 Location: 0.00 |

| Critical Condition: Slenderness |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
STAAD.PRO CODE CHECKING - IS-800 2007 (V2.0)

************************************************
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|


STAAD.PRO CODE CHECKING - IS-800 2007 (V2.0)

************************************************
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
36. FINISH

Web Splice Design :

Type of environment = MODERATE
fy = 330 Mpa
(250/fy)0.5 = 0.870
Web Properties-
d = 2600 mm F
t = 12 mm
Iweb = 1.76E+10 mm4
A
Aweb = 31200 mm2
y5
B
stess in concrete at F = 13.3 Mpa *In concrete y2 y4
C
= 100 Mpa *In steel D N A
Stess in steel at E = 287.1 N/mm2 Maximum permissible stress are y1

taken in account y3
D = 3056 mm
y1 = 2686 mm D
y5 = 789 mm
y4 = 419 mm E
y2 = 343 mm
y3 = 2163 mm
Stess at A = 53.13 Mpa
Cover Plate Depth = 2506 mm

Stress at B = 43.51 Mpa
Stress at D = 273.93 Mpa
Zc required by web = 8.80E+07 mm3

Zt required by web = 1.40E+07 mm3
Let "t" be the thickness of each cover plate.

Moment of Inertia of cover plates about N.A = 2 x ( t/12 x 2506^3 + t x 2506 x ( 909.54^2 )
= 19884011629 xt
Zc = 57893223.5 xt = 8.80E+07
Zt = 9194748.97 xt = 1.40E+07
=> t = 1.52 mm
Provide 12 mm cover plate.

S.N. Loading / Section B.M. S.F I-web

I effective section BM Web
4 4
t.m t mm mm t.m
1 Steel Girder 2.05E+10 5.81E+09 0.00
2 Comp. Sec 4249.49 122.80 2.90E+10 3.21E+11 383.03
Total 122.80 383.03
Factored Maximum BM Mf = 383.03 tm

Factored Maximum SF Vsf = 122.80 t
(Refer clause 512.5.4 of IRC-24-2010)
Bolt Configuration
Bolt type used = M 24 HSFG type
Type of bolt arrangements = In one line
B (Nominal/shaft dia of bolt) = 24 mm
Thread dia = 24 mm
H (Head thickness) = 12.5 mm
Nos of column = 4 Nos
Nos of row = 40 Nos
Splice pate is in = Tension
Minimum spacing of bolts >= 2.5 x nominal bolt dia
>= 60 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <= The distance between any two adjacent fastners shall not be greater than 32t or 300mm
whichever is lesser, where t is the thickness of smaller pate
<= 300 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <= The distance between any two adjacent fastners in a line shall not be greater than 16t or 200mm
whichever is lesser, where t is the thickness of smaller pate.
<= 192 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <=
The distance between any two adjacent fastners in a line and parallel to the edge of outside plate
shall not be greater than 148mm whichever is lesser, where t is the thickness of smaller pate.
<= 148 mm
Provide 62.205 mm spacing c/c in vertical direction
Ok under limit
Provide 64.000 mm spacing c/c in horizontal direction
Ok under limit

Edge and End Distance

Type of edge = Machine flame cut edges
Minimum edge distance = 1.5 times hole diameter
standered clearence in diameter and width of slot = 1.5 mm
Hole diameter = 25.5 mm
Minimum edge distance = 38.25 mm
Maximum edge distance = The maximum edge distance to the nearest line of fastner shall not exceed 12te
= 125.3359 mm
Provide 40 mm edge distance Ok under limt
Covering plate size = 2506 x 298 (d x b)
406
40 40.0
40
1399.12
62.20513 40
2600
62.20513
2506 C.g. of composite section
54.0
298
Cg. of bolt group from top most left bolt
x = 109 mm
For Left/ Right side group about their own cg. y = 1213 mm
m = nos of column = 2
n = nos of row = 40 Nos
x = spacing in horizontal direction
= 62.20513 mm
y = spacing along depth
= 62.20513 mm

 x2 = m*n*x2 (m2-1)/12 = 77389.56 mm2

 y2 = m*n*y2 (n2-1)/12 = 41248635 mm2
About the combined cg. of both groups.

Distance in horizontal direction from cg. of left/ right group to cg. of combined bolt group
= 77.89744 mm
 x2 = 1125660.802 mm2
Distance along depth from cg. of left/ right group to cg. of combined bolt group
= 0 mm
 y2 = 82497270.43 mm2
Polar Moment of Inertia of bolt group

Ip =  x2 +  y2
= 83622931.23 mm2
Coordinate of bottom right most bolt from cg. Of bolt group

x = 109 mm
y = 1213 mm
Shear at bottom, right most bolt

along x-direction
Vx = M* x / Ip
= 0.499 tonne
along y-direction
Vy = M* y /Ip
= 5.556 tonne
Shear due to vertical shear = 0.7675 t / bolt
Net shear over bolt =  0.499 2 + ( 0.768 + 5.556 )2 0.499

= 6.343 t
0.768
5.556

Shear capacity of Bolt

(Refer clause 512.5.5.3 of IRC:24-2010)
Vdsb = Vnsb /mb
Vnsb = Nominal shear capacity of beam.
mb = 1.25
Vnsb = fu(nnAnb+nsAsb)/√3
fu = Ultimate tensile strength of a bolt
= 1000 Mpa
nn = Number of shear planes with thread intecepting the shear plane
= 0
ns = Number of shear planes without thread intecepting the shear plane
= 2
Asb = Nominal pane shank area of the bolt
2
= 245 mm
Anb = Net shear area of the bolt at threads, may be taken as the area corresponding to root diameter at the thread.
= 245
Vnsb = 282901.6 N
Vdsb = 226321.3 N = 23.07047 t

Vdsb after reduction due to long joint, large grip joint and packing plate
Vdsb in Vertical direction
Vdsb * min(lj,lg)*pk = 169741 N = 17.30 t > 6.32 tonne OK
Vdsb in horizontal direction
Vdsb * min(lj,lg)*pk = 226321.3 N = 23.07 t > 0.50 tonne OK
Friction grip type bolting (Refer clause 10.6 of IS800:2000)

Vdsf <= Vdsf
Vdsf = Vnsf /mf
Slip resitance of the Bolt
Vnsf = f *ne *Kh *Fo
f = coefficent of friction (slip factor) as specified in IS 800-2007

= 0.5
for surface blasted with shot or grit and spray metallized with alluminium (thickness > 50 mm)
ne = Number of effective interface offering frictional resistance to slip

= 2

Kh = 1 1 for fasteners in clearence holes

0.85 for fasteners in oversized and short slotted holes and for fasteners in long slotted holes loaded perpendicular to the slot.
0.7 for fasteners in long slotted holes loaded parallel to the slot.
mf = 1.25
Fo = Minimum bolt tension (proof load) at installation
Fo = Anb . f0
Anb = Net area of the bolt at thread
2
= 245 mm
fub = Ultimate tensile stress of the bolt
= 830 Mpa
f0 = Proof stress(0.7fub)
f0 = 0.7 x Maximum permissible applied force
= 0.7 x 830 (For class 10.9, refer IS 4000-1992)
= 581 Mpa
Fo = 142345 N
Vnsf = 142345 N
Vdsf = Vnsf /mf = 113876 N = 11.60815 t
Vdsf after reduction due to long joint, large grip joint and packing plate
Shear capacity of bolt in vertical direction
Vdsf * min(lj,lg)*pk = 11.60815 x 0.75 x 1
= 8.7 tonne > 6.32 tonne OK
Shear capacity of bolt in horizontal direction
Vdsf * min(lj,lg)*pk = 11.60815 x 1 x 1
(Refer clause 512.5.8 of IRC:24-2010)
Reduction in capacity due to Long Joint : When the length of joints, lj, of a splice or end connection in a compression or tension element containing more than
two two fasteners exceeds 15d in the direction of load then the nominal shear capacity of the fasteners shall be reduced
by lj
Reduction factor
= 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
lj in vertical = 2426 mm
lj in horizontal = 218 mm
d = Nominal diameter of fastener
= 24 mm
lj for vertical load = 0.75

lj for horizontal load = 1

(Refer clause 512.5.9 of IRC:24-2010)
Reduction in capacity due to Large grip lengths : When the grip length of joints, lg, exceeds 5 times the diameter, d of the bolt, the design shear force shall be reduced
by factor  lg.
lg = 8d / (3d + lg) <= 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
Note: lg shall be no case greater than 8d
lg is applicable if lg is greater than 5d
lg in vertical = 24 mm <= 5d = 120
lg in horizontal = 24 mm <= 5d = 120
= 24 mm
lg for vertical load = min( 1, 0.7500 )

lg for horizontal load = min( 1, 1)
lg for vertical load = 0.7500

lg for horizontal load = 1
Reduction in capacity due to packing plates : When the design shear capacityof bolt carrying shear through packing plate in excess of 6mm, the shear capacity shall
be reduced by factor  pk.
Packing plate is present = Yes
pk = (1-0.0125tpk)
tpk = thickness of thicker packing, in mm
= 0 mm
pk = 1 mm
For ultimate strength check
Bearing capacity of bolt :
Vdpb = Vnpb /mb
Vnpb = Nominal bearing strength of bolt
= 2.5 kb . d . t . fu
kb = min( e/3d0, p/3d0-0.25, fub/fu, 1)
e = End distance of the fastner along bearing direction
= 40 mm
p = Pitch distance of the fastner along bearing direction
= 62.20513 mm
d0 = Diameter of hole
= 25.5 mm

= 1000 Mpa
fu = Ultimate tensile stress of the plate
= 490 Mpa
d = Nominal diameter of bolt
= 24 mm
Type of bolt fitting = Normal
H = Head thickness of bolt
= 12.5 mm
t = Summation of the thickness of the connected plates experiencing bearing stress in the same direction, or if
bolts are countersunk, the thickness of the plate minu half of the depth of countersinking.
= 12
kb = 0.52288
Vnpb = 184470.6 N = 18.80434 t > 6.34 tonne OK
Reduction in bearing capacity due to size of holes :

Type of holes = Standard clearance
Reduction factor = 1
Vnpb = 184471
Vdpb = 147576.5 N = 15.0435 t > 6.34 tonne OK
Tension capacity:
Tb <= Tdb
where, Tdb = Tnb/mb

Tnb = Nominal tensile capacity of the bolt
= 0.9fub . An < fyb . Asb (mb / m0)
mb = 1.25
mo = 1.1
fub = Ultimate tensile stress of bolt
= 1000 Mpa
fyb = Yield stress of bolt
= 660 Mpa
An = Net tensile stress area(for bolts the tensile stress area shall be equal to the area at thread bottom) as specified
in appropriate Indian standard.
= 245 mm2
Asb = Shank area of the bolt.
= 245 mm2
Tnb = min( 220500 , 183750 )
= 183750 N = 18.73089 t > 6.34 tonne OK

Combined Shear and Tension capacity: (Refer clause 10.3.6 of IS 800:2000)
(Vsb/Vdb)2 + (Tb/Tdb)2 <= 1
Vsb = Factored shear force acting on the bolt.

6.3432 t
Vdb = Design shear capacity.
17.30285 t
Tb = Factored tensile force acting on the bolt.
6.34 t
Tdb = Design tension capacity.
18.73089 t
(Vsb/Vdb)2 + (Tb/Tdb)2 = 0.24908 < 1.00 tonne OK
Considering straight arrangement of bolts
Partial safety factor for material,ϒm1 = 1.25

Shear capacity
Path 1
min area in shear along the critical path ,Agn = 30072 mm2
net area in double shear along the critical path ,Avn = 34224 mm2
min area in tension from hole to end bolt line,Atg = 0 mm2
min area in tension from hole to end bolt line, Atn = 0 mm2
path 1 Tdb = 0.9 Avn fu / ( √3 ϒm1 ) +Atg fy / ϒmo)

= 6971058 + 0 Path 1
= 6971058 N
= 697.1 T
Tdb = 697.1 T
Design strength of the plate is = 697.1 T
Tensile force on the splice plate = 122.80 T OK

Bottom Flange Splice Design :

Bolt Configuration
Thread dia = 24 mm
LT/ LFT = 46 mm
L (Length of bolt) 110 mm
Nos of row = 14 Nos
Splice pate is in = Tension
>= 60 mm
<= 300 mm
<= 200 mm
shall not be greater than 300 mm whichever is lesser, where t is the thickness of smaller pate.
<= 200 mm
Provide 64.000 mm spacing c/c in longitudinal direction
Ok under limit
Provide 64.4167 mm spacing c/c in transverce direction
Ok under limit
standered clearence in diameter and width of slot = 1.5 mm (As per table-19 of Is:800-2007)
= 522.233 mm
Covering plate size of Inside Plate = 466.5 x 554 (d x b)

40 7.5
40
40
64.41667
466.5
64 1000
60 40 985
20
20
12
466.5
7.5
554
466.5
50
985
Area of Bottom Flange = 50000 mm2

Area deducted due to holes = 17850 mm2
Net area of bottom flange plate = 32150 mm2
Net area of cover plates reqd. = 32150 mm2
Gross area of cover plates reqd. = 50000 mm2

Provide 2 cover plates

2
2 Top cover plates = 466.5 x 50 46650 mm
2
Bottom cover plates = 985 x 50 49250 mm
2
Gross area of cover plates = 95900 mm O.K.
Net area of cover plates = 60200 cm2 O.K.
Check Splice Plate capacity
ULS Stress at mid of bottom Flange = 300.0 Mpa

ULS Force in bottom Flange = 964.5 t
Maximum permissible stress of flange = 392.0 Mpa
Maximum permissible capacity of flange = 1260.3 t
Capacity required of splice plate = max (1.1* 964.5 , 0.8* 1260.3 )

= 1061.0 t
Net capacity of cover plate = 2123.9 O.K.
Shear Force in Bolt
Allowable stress at ultimate = 490 Mpa

Design force of splice plate = 1061 t
Nos of bolts provided = 112 Nos
Shear force per bolt = 9.5 tonne
Effect of holes in tension zone

In bottom flange
Anf/Agf ≥ (fy/fu) (ϒml/ϒmo)/0.9
0.643 ≤ 0.85034 Consider reduced flange area due to holes in design

Vdsb = Vnsb /mb

mb = 1.25
= 830 Mpa
= 0
= 2
2
= 245 mm
= 245
Vnsb = 234808.4 N
Vdsb = 187846.7 N = 19.1485 t


Friction grip type bolting

Vdsf <= Vdsf
Ultimate Shear capacity of Bolt

= 0.5

= 2

mf = 1.25
Fo = Anb . f0
2
= 245 mm
= 830 Mpa
= 581 Mpa
Fo = 142345 N
Vnsf = 142345 N
Vdsf = Vnsf /mf = 113876 N = 11.60815 t

by lj
Reduction factor
lj = 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
lj = 474 mm
= 24 mm
lj = 0.97625
by factor  lg.
lg = 100 mm <= 5d = 120
= 24 mm
lg = min( 1, 0.97625 )
lg = 0.97625
Packing plate is present = No
pk = (1-0.0125tpk)
= 0 mm
pk = 1 mm


Vdpb = Vnpb /mb
= 2.5 kb . d . t . fu
kb = min( e/3d0, p/3d0-0.25, fub/fu, 1)
= 40 mm
= 64 mm
= 25.5 mm
= 830 Mpa
= 490 Mpa
= 24 mm
= 12.5 mm
t = summation of the thickness of the connected plates exprencencing bearing stress in the same direction, or if
= 50
kb = 0.523
Vnpb = 768627.5 N = 78.351 t > 9.47 tonne OK

Vnpb = 768627.5
Vdpb = 614902 N = 62.68114 t > 9.47 tonne OK
Tension capacity:
Tb <= Tdb

= 0.9fub . An < fyb . Asb (mb / m0)
mb = 1.25

mo = 1.1
= 830 Mpa
= 660 Mpa
= 245 mm2
= 245 mm2
Tnb = min( 183015 , 183750 )
= 183015 N = 18.65596 t > 9.47 tonne OK
Combined Shear and Tension capacity:

9.5 t
18.69371 t
9.47 t
18.65596 t
Tearing capacity of plate (Refer clause 506.1.2.1)
Considering straight arrangement of bolts

2
Net effective area of member, An = (b - ndh) t = 14400 mm
2
For 2 plates = 28800 mm
Design strength of plates in tension
Tdn = 0.9 An fu / ϒm1
10160640 N
1016.1 T

Block shear capacity

Path 1 Path 2
2
min area in shear along the critical path ,Agn = 23200 mm 11600
2
net area in double shear along the critical path ,Avn = 37475 mm 14275
2
min area in tension from hole to end bolt line,Atg = 3220.833 mm 21325
2
min area in double shear from hole to end bolt line, Atn= 3891.667 mm 26075
Path 1 Path 2
path 1 Tdb = ( Avg fy / (√3 ϒmo ) + 0.9 Atn fu / ϒm1 )
= 4018358 + 1372980
= 5391338 N
= 539.1338 T

= 2009179 + 9199260
= 11208439 N
= 1120.844 T

= 7633252 + 966250
= 8599502 N
= 859.9502 T

= 2907663 + 6397500
= 9305163 N
= 930.5163 T
Tdb = 539.1338 T
Design strength governed by yielding of plate
2
Gross area of crossection, Ag = 13600 mm
Tdg = Agfy/ϒmo
= 4080000 N
408 T
For 2 plates = 816 T
Design strength of the splice plates is = 539.1 T

Maximum bending stresses = 330.0 MPa

cross sectional area of plate = 23325
tensile force on splice plate = 7697250 N
For 2 plates = 15394500 N
Top Flange Splice Design :

Bolt Configuration
Thread dia = 24 mm
Nos of row = 10 Nos
Splice pate is in = Compression
>= 60 mm
<= 300 mm
<= 200 mm
shall not be greater than 244 mm whichever is lesser, where t is the thickness of smaller pate.
<= 200 mm
Provide 64 mm spacing c/c in longitudinal direction
Ok under limit
Provide 71.625 mm spacing c/c in transverce direction
Ok under limit


standered clearence in diameter and width of slot = 1.5 mm (As per table-19 of Is:800-2007)
= 376.0077 mm
Covering plate size = 366.5 x 554 (d x b)
40 7.5
40
40
71.625
366.5
64 800
60 40 785
20
20
12
366.5
7.5
554
785
36
366.5

Area of top Flange = 28800 mm2

Area deducted due to holes = 9180 mm2
Net area of top flange plate = 19620 mm2
Net area of cover plates reqd. = 20601 mm2
Gross area of cover plates reqd. = 28800 mm2
Provide 2 cover plates

2
2 Top cover plates = 366.5 x 36 26388 mm
2
Bottom cover plates = 785 x 36 28260 mm
Gross area of cover plates = 54648 mm2 O.K.
Net area of cover plates = 36288 cm2 O.K.
Check Splice Plate capacity
ULS Stress at mid of top Flange = 250.0 Mpa

ULS Force in top Flange = 720.0 t
Maximum permissible stress of flange = 392.0 Mpa
Maximum permissible capacity of flange = 1129.0 t
Capacity required of splice plate = max (1.1* 720.0 , 0.8* 1129.0 )

= 903.2 t
Net capacity of cover plate = 2142.2 O.K.
Shear Force in Bolt
Allowable stress at ultimate = 490 Mpa

Design force of splice plate = 903 t
Nos of bolts provided = 80 Nos
Shear force per bolt = 11.3 tonne
Effect of holes in tension zone

In top flange
Anf/Agf ≥ (fy/fu) (ϒml/ϒmo)/0.9
0.68125 ≤ 0.85034 Consider reduced flange area due to holes in design

Vdsb = Vnsb /mb

mb = 1.25
= 1000 Mpa
= 0
= 2
2
= 245 mm
= 245
Vnsb = 282901.6 N
Vdsb = 226321.3 N = 23.07047 t


Friction grip type bolting

Vdsf <= Vdsf
Ultimate Shear capacity of Bolt

= 0.5

= 2

mf = 1.25
Fo = Anb . f0
2
= 245 mm
= 830 Mpa
= 581 Mpa
Fo = 142345 N

Vnsf = 142345 N
Vdsf = Vnsf /mf = 113876 N = 11.60815 t
by lj
Reduction factor
lj = 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
lj = 474 mm
= 24 mm
lj = 0.97625
by factor  lg.
lg = 72 mm <= 5d = 120
= 24 mm
lg = min( 1, 0.97625 )
lg = 0.97625
Packing plate is present = No
pk = (1-0.0125tpk)
= 0 mm
pk = 1 mm


Vdpb = Vnpb /mb
= 2.5 kb . d . t . fu
kb = min( e/3d0, p/3d0-0.25, fub/fu, 1)
= 40 mm
= 64 mm
= 25.5 mm
= 1000 Mpa
= 490 Mpa
= 24 mm
= 12.5 mm
t = summation of the thickness of the connected plates exprencencing bearing stress in the same direction, or if
= 36
kb = 0.522876
Vnpb = 553411.8 N = 56.41302 t > 11.29 tonne OK

Vnpb = 553411.8
Vdpb = 442729.4 N = 45.13042 t > 11.29 tonne OK

Tension capacity:
Tb <= Tdb

= 0.9fub . An < fyb . Asb (mb / m0)
mb = 1.25
mo = 1.1
= 1000 Mpa
= 660 Mpa
= 245 mm2
= 245 mm2
Tnb = min( 220500 , 183750 )
= 183750 N = 18.73089 t > 11.29 tonne OK
Combined Shear and Tension capacity:

11.3 t
22.52255 t
11.29 t
18.73089 t

Tearing capacity of plate (Refer clause 506.1.2.1)
Considering strainght arrangement of bolts

2
Net effective area of member, An = (b - ndh) t = 8604 mm
For 2 plates = 17208 mm2
Design strength of plate in tension
Tdn = 0.9 An fu / ϒm1
6070982 N
607.1 T
Block shear capacity
Path 1 Path 2
min area in shear along the critical path ,Agn = 16704 mm2 8352
net area in double shear along the critical path ,Avn = 10278 mm2 1926
min area in tension from hole to end bolt line,Atg = 2578.5 mm2 11754
min area in double shear from hole to end bolt line, Atn= 742.5 mm2 3492
Path 1 Path 2
= 2893218 + 261954
= 3155172 N
= 315.5172 T

= 1446609 + 1231978
= 2678586 N
= 267.8586 T

= 2093517 + 773550
= 2867067 N
= 286.7067 T

= 392305.4 + 3526200

= 3918505 N
= 391.8505 T
Tdb = 267.8586 T
Design strength governed by yielding of plate
Gross area of crossection, Ag = 9792 mm2

Tdg = Agfy/ϒmo
= 2937600 N
293.76 T
For 2 plates = 587.52 T
Design strength of the plate is = 267.9 T
Maximum bending stresses = 330.0 MPa

cross sectional area of plate = 13194
Tensile force on the splice plate = 4354020 N
For 2 plates = 8708040 N

Design of RCC Deck Slab
Superstructure Type : Steel Composete Girder

Carriageway : 8.450m
No. of Girders : 3 Nos.
c/c spacing of Girder : 3.000m
Cantilever Length from centre of Girder : 1.225m

Design of Deck slab :
0.22 0
0.15
. 0.150
0.8
1.225 3 3 1.225
Total carriageway width = 8.45 m

Member Nodes details at Inner Girder
No. of girders = 3
Face of Girder top flange
Face of Girder web
c/L Girder

Summary of Forces due to permanent Loads
Bending Moment Shear Force

DL SIDL Surfacing DL SIDL Surfacing
S.No. Moment at T-m T-m T-m T T T
1 Cantilever Portion
Face of haunch 0.300 0.900 0.200 0.400 0.900 0.200
Face of web 0.300 1.200 0.250 0.700 1.000 0.230
2 Hogging moment intermediate span

Face of haunch 0.150 0.900 0.100 0.600 0.700 0.200
Face of web 0.400 1.200 0.150 0.900 0.700 0.200
3 Sagging moment intermediate span

Mid span 0.250 0.300 0.100 0.100 0.700 0.100
Summary of Forces due to Live Loads
Forces with Impact (From STAAD Bending Shear

Analysis) Moment Force
S.No. Moment at T-m T
1 Cantilever Portion
Face of haunch 0.892 1.000
Face of web 1.274 6.875
2 Hogging moment intermediate span

Face of haunch 2.166 9.500
Face of web 4.332 11.750
3 Sagging moment intermediate span

Mid span 2.931 7.500

DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT
Summary of Design Forces ULS
Component Bending Moment Shear Force

Conside
SURFA Factore SURFA Factore
LL With Impact red for LL With Impact
Nature DL SIDL CING d BM DL SIDL CING d SF
design
Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm
Cantilever Portion
Cantilever (Girder Top Flange Face) Hog 0.300 0.900 0.200 0.892 3.308 3.308 0.4 0.9 0.2 1.00 3.61
Cantilever (Girder Web Face) Hog 0.300 1.200 0.250 1.274 4.374 4.374 0.7 1 0.23 6.88 13.01
Load Factors (ULS basic) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.5
Intermediate supports
Girder Top Flage Face Hog 0.150 0.900 0.100 2.166 4.842 4.842 0.6 0.7 0.2 9.5 16.11
Girder web Face Hog 0.400 1.200 0.150 4.332 8.921 8.921 0.9 0.7 0.2 11.8 19.89
Load Factors (ULS basic) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.35 1 1.75 1.5
Intermediate span
Intermediate Mid Span Sag 0.250 0.300 0.100 2.931 5.314 5.314 0.1 0.7 0.1 7.5 12.26
Load Factors (ULS basic) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.5 1.35 1 1.75 1.5
Summary of Design Bending Moment SLS
Component Bending Moment (Rare Combination) Bending Moment (QPCombination)

SURFA Factore Factore SURFA Factore
LL With Impact LL With Impact
Nature DL SIDL CING d BM d BM DL SIDL CING d BM
Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm
Cantilever Portion
Cantilever (Girder Top Flange Face) Hog 0.300 0.900 0.200 0.892 2.292 2.292 0.3 0.9 0.2 0.89195 1.40
Cantilever (Girder Web Face) Hog 0.300 1.200 0.250 1.274 3.024 3.024 0.3 1.2 0.25 1.27421 1.8
Load Factors (SLS basic) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0

Girder Top Flage Face Hog 0.150 0.900 0.100 2.166 3.316 3.316 0.15 0.9 0.1 2.16616 1.2
Girder web Face Hog 0.400 1.200 0.150 4.332 6.082 6.082 0.4 1.2 0.15 4.33231 1.8
Intermediate span
Intermediate Mid Span Sag 0.250 0.300 0.100 2.931 3.581 3.581 0.25 0.3 0.1 2.93068 0.7
MATERIAL PROPERTIES :
Grade of concrete = M 45 MPa PERMISSIBLE STRESSES
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500 MPa 1) Premissble concrete compressive stresses
fywd = 0.8 fyk = 400 MPa Load Combi Permissble Stress
Clear cover = 45 mm SLS Rare 0.48 fck = 21.6 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity steel Es = 200000 Mpa SLS QP 0.36 fck = 16.2 Mpa
For short Term loading Ecm = 33000 Mpa
For long Term loading Ecm' = 16500 Mpa
fcteff Mean tensile strength = fctm = 3.00 Mpa 2) Permissble Tensile stress in steel = 0.8 fy
fcd = 0.447 fck = 20.12 Mpa = 400 Mpa
Creep factor  = 1.00 = 300 Mpa For Rare
uk = 0.0045 3) Permissible crack width wk combination
ud = 0.0041 SLS QP Load combination = 0.3 mm
cu2 = 0.0035
xumax/d = 0.4636
Reinforcement provided for mid span Reinforcement provided for mid span
Reinforcement at top Reinforcement at top
2 2
Layer-1 16 @ 150 c/c = 1340.41 mm Layer-1 16 @ 150 c/c = 1340.41 mm
Reinforcement at bottom
2
Layer-1 16 @ 150 c/c = 1340.41 mm

A) ULS CAPACITY CHECK

Check Check
xu = 0.87 fyk Ast
fyk (d'-0.416 xu)

Ast,cal =M/ 0.87
Ast,provided > Ast min

/ 0.362 fck b
Ast,
MED b D d xmax Check Ast min
Ast Calc.< Ast

Provided
Provided
2
Load comb. Tm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm2 mm
2
Cantilever Portion
Cantilever (Girder Top Flange Face)
3.308 1000 220 167 2680.83 77.417 71.59 UR, OK 554.178 OK 250.5 OK
Cantilever (Girder Web Face)
4.374 1000 270 217 2680.83 100.596 71.59 UR, OK 537.056 OK 325.5 OK
Girder Top Flage Face
4.842 1000 220 167 1340.41 77.417 35.79 UR, OK 731.736 OK 250.5 OK
Girder web Face
8.921 1000 270 217 1340.41 100.596 35.79 UR, OK 1014.69 OK 325.5 OK
Intermediate span
Intermediate Mid Span
5.314 1000 220 167 1340.41 77.417 35.79 UR, OK 803.038 OK 250.5 OK
Calculation of Distribution Reinforcement :
Distribution Renforcement :
2
At Least 20% of the main Reinforcement (Refer IRC:112 clause 16.6.1.1) Requirement in Top face 536 mm
2
Bottom face 268 mm
Reinforcement in deck in longitudinal direction
2
Top face = 10  @ 200 = 392.699 mm OK
2
Bottom face = 10  @ 200 = 392.699 mm OK

B) SLS STRESS CHECK

Rare Load combination. Formula used for calculation of stress
2 2
Ec,eq = Ecm*(MQP+MST) dc (depth of neutral axis) = -m*As +  ( m * As + 2* m*As*b* d )
MST +(1+)* MQP b
3 2
MST = MRARE -MQP INA (Transformed) = b *dc /3 + m* As *(d-dc)
m = Es/ Ec,eq
Compressive stress in concrete c = MRARE* dc / INA
Quasi Permanent Load Combination Tensile stress in steel s = m* MRARE* (d - dc ) / INA
m = Es / Ecm'
Stress Check for SLS Load Combinations

N.A.
Ast, modular depth Comp Max C. Tensile Max T
Check Check
Load comb. M b d Provided
ratio (dc) INA stress Stress stress Stress
2
(tm/m) mm mm mm mm mm4 Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa
Cantilever Portion
SLS (R Comb.) 2.29 1000.00 167.00 2681 9.76 70.9177 4E+08 4.51 21.6 OK 59.64 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 1.40 1000.00 167.00 2681 12.12 76.6344 4E+08 2.58 16.2 OK 36.92 300 OK

SLS (R Comb.) 3.02 1000.00 217.00 2681 9.57 82.9309 7E+08 3.85 21.6 OK 59.57 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 1.75 1000.00 217.00 2681 12.12 90.6257 8E+08 2.07 16.2 OK 34.95 300 OK
SLS (R Comb.) 3.32 1000.00 167.00 1340 8.16 50.4917 2E+08 8.75 21.6 OK 164.75 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 1.15 1000.00 167.00 1340 12.12 59.1888 3E+08 2.64 16.2 OK 58.26 300 OK
Girder web Face

SLS (R Comb.) 6.08 1000.00 217.00 1340 7.80 57.7264 3E+08 10.66 21.6 OK 229.45 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 1.75 1000.00 217.00 1340 12.12 69.2825 5E+08 2.61 16.2 OK 67.33 300 OK

Intermediate span
SLS (R Comb.) 3.58 1000.00 167.00 1340 7.16 47.8298 2E+08 9.91 21.6 OK 176.84 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 0.65 1000.00 167.00 1340 12.12 59.1888 3E+08 1.49 16.2 OK 32.93 300 OK
C) SLS CRACK WIDTH CHECK (QUASI PERMANENT LOAD COMBINATION)

1) CHECK Ast,min for crack control
Load b h d Act =bh/2 s = fyk k kc As,min =kc k fct,eff As,provide h k
2
comb. mm mm mm mm Mpa Act / s d check 0 1
Cantilever Portion 0.3 1
Cantilever (Girder Top Flange Face) 0.8 0.65
SLS QP 1000 220 167 110000 500.00 1.00 0.4 264 2681 OK 3 0.65
SLS QP 1000 270 217 135000 500.00 1.00 0.4 324 2681 OK
SLS QP 1000 220 167 110000 500.00 1.00 0.4 264 1340 OK
Girder web Face
SLS QP 1000 270 217 135000 500.00 1.00 0.4 324 1340 OK
Intermediate span
SLS QP 1000 220 167 110000 500.00 1.00 0.4 264 1340 OK

2) CHECK FOR MAXIMUM SPACING b/w bars.

Spacing b/w bars check
Load comb. Bar dia cover Provided Calculated
eq c mm mm
Cantilever Portion
SLS QP 16 45 150.00 265.00 OK
SLS QP 16 45 150.00 265.00 OK
SLS QP 16 45 150.00 265.00 OK
Girder web Face
SLS QP 16 45 150.00 265.00 OK
Intermediate span
SLS QP 16 45 150.00 265.00 OK
3) CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH

sm - cm =Max 
smax =3.4c +
0.17Peff
hc,eff =Min [ 2.5 ( peff = sc - kt fct,eff ( 1+ e
sc
h - d ) , ( h - x/3 ) Aceff = As/Ac,eff e = P,eff ) / P,eff ] /Es
x =neutral
Load comb. , h/2] hc,eff *b Asprovided axis depth kt Es/Ecm' , 0.6sc/Es ] wk check
mm mm2 mm2 mm Mpa mm
Cantilever Portion
SLS QP 110 110000 2680.83 0.024 264.607 36.92 76.63 0.5 12.12 0.00011 0.029 OK
SLS QP 132.5 132500 2680.83 0.020 287.436 34.95 90.63 0.5 12.12 0.0001 0.030 OK
SLS QP 110 110000 1340.41 0.012 376.215 58.26 59.19 0.5 12.12 0.00017 0.066 OK
Girder web Face
SLS QP 132.5 132500 1340.41 0.010 421.872 67.33 69.28 0.5 12.12 0.0002 0.085 OK

Intermediate span
SLS QP 110 110000 1340.41 0.012 376.215 32.93 59.19 0.5 12.12 9.9E-05 0.037 OK
D) CHECK FOR SHEAR : ( IRC 112 / clause 10.3.2 (2) )

Check of Shear Reinforcement Requirement
+ 0.15
k= Min [ 1 + 200/d
1 = Min [ Asl/bw d ,
VRdc =Max [ ( 0.12 k

3/2
+0.15cp ) bw d ]
min = 0.031 k
cp ) bw d , (min
0.33
1/2
0.02 ]
,2]
Load comb. VED  VED d bw Asl cp Check
(80 1 fck )
fck
T T mm mm mm2 Mpa Tonne
Cantilever Portion
3.61 1 3.61 167 1000 2.000 2680.826 0.0161 0.588 0 15.2876 No Shear reinf. Required
13.01 1 13.01 217 1000 1.960 2680.826 0.0124 0.571 0 17.8559 No Shear reinf. Required
16.11 1 16.11 167 1000 2.000 1340.413 0.0080 0.588 0 12.1619 Provide shear reinf.
Girder web Face
Intermediate span

Check for Maximum Shear Capacity :
bw * z * v1 * fcd)
2*VNS / (cw *
Fd = 0.5 VED

 = 0.5 sin [
* bw * z * 1
Vrdmax = cw
-1
 adopted
Load comb. VED bw d z =0.9d cw 1
* fcd /2
cot
Check
]
T mm mm mm Tonne deg deg T
Cantilever Portion
3.61 1000 167 150.3 1 0.6 90.70 OK 1.14 45 1.80
13.01 1000 217 195.3 1 0.6 117.85 OK 3.17 45 6.51
16.11 1000 167 150.3 1 0.6 90.70 OK 5.12 45 8.06
Girder web Face
19.89 1000 217 195.3 1 0.6 117.85 OK 4.86 45 9.95
Intermediate span
12.26 1000 167 150.3 1 0.6 90.70 OK 3.88 45 6.13

Check For Punching Shear
FOR CLASS 70R LOADING

Max. load on a wheel = 20 = 10.0 t
2
Max. load on a wheel VEd = 10.0 T
Load factor = 1.5
Max. wheel Load with Impact = 18.75 T
2
Max. tyre pressure = 5.273 kg/cm
Contact width parallel to span = 810 mm

2
Contact area = 10000 = 1896.45 cm
5.273
2
= 189645 mm
Contact width perpendicular to span = 189645 = 234 mm

810
0.475
1.88
321 uo
810 2d 810 8.45
234
234
321
0.475

A) Check at Control Perimeter 2d

Depth of Slab = 400 mm (Thickness of slab at edge)
Grade of Concrete fck = 45 Mpa
c = 1.5
fcd = 20.100 Mpa
vEd = VEd / ui d
Where
β = 1 for axial Load without bending Moment
ui = 2852.6 mm x= 0 mm
Extra reinforcement provided at support against punching shear

dia = 0 mm
spacing = 200 mm
2
Ast per m = 0 mm /m
2
Ast Provided = 2680.83 mm /m
2
Provide distribution steel = 393 mm /m
ly = 0.00670
lz = 0.00098
l = ly *lz
0.00257
K = 1+  200/d ≤ 2
= 1.022
3/2 1/2
min = 0.031 * K fck
min = 0.21497
vEd = 0.16 Mpa
vRdc = Max 0.18 / c K (80 l fck )1/3 +(0.1 cp)

min + 0.1 cp
vRdc = Max 0.257 Mpa

0.215 Mpa

= 0.257 Mpa
Check
vEd < vRdc
0.164 Mpa < 0.257 Mpa OK
B) Check at face of Laded Area
uo = 2088 mm
vEd = 0.224 Mpa
vRdmax = 1/2 *  *fcd
 = 0.6 [ 1- fck/310 ]
= 0.5
vRdmax = 5.15 Mpa
Check
vEd < vRd max
0.224 Mpa < 5.15 Mpa OK

Bearing Loads and Forces

Load Calculation Over Bearings : (WITHOUT SV LOADING)
No. of bearing on one support = 3
B3
TRANSVERSELY GUIDED FREE
B1
3
B2 FIXED LONGITUDINAL GUIDED B4
8.45
TRANSVERSELY GUIDED
6
FREE
B1 B3
TRANSVERSELY GUIDED 58 m
C/C Brg.
REACTION OVER BEARINGS DUE TO PERMANENT LOADS :

Bearing No. DL SIDL Surfacing
tonne tonne tonne Total DL = 658.58 tonne
L1 108.6 27.2 17.3 Total SIDL = 122.00 tonne
L2 112.2 6.6 17.0
L3 108.6 27.2 17.3 Total Surfacing = 103.20 tonne
R1 108.6 27.2 17.3
R2 112.2 6.6 17.0
R3 108.6 27.2 17.3 Total Footpath DL = 0.00 tonne
Total Footpath LL = 0.00 tonne
Total Permanent Load = 883.78 Tonne

REACTION OVER BEARINGS DUE TO LIVE LOADS :
Governing Live Load = 1-70R
Effective Span = 58.00 m

Congestion factor 1.00
LL Governing case LL Governing case
Without Impact With Impact With Impact
Support No. Max Min Max Min Max Min
B1 51.3 -0.5 54.9 -0.5 54.9 -0.5
B2 64.2 0.0 68.7 0.0 68.7 0.0
B3 51.3 -0.5 54.9 -0.5 54.9 -0.5
B4 64.2 0.0 68.7 0.0 68.7 0.0
LONGITUDIONAL FORCE OVER BEARING AT FIXED END :

A.1) Non-seismic case, Service Condition
Horizontal force at bearing level in the longitudinal direction at fixed bearing (other than elastomeric bearing)
i) Fh -  (Rg +Rq) Refer Clause 211.5 IRC: 6-2017
= Maximum of
ii) Fh / 2 +  (Rg + Rq)
Where
Fh = Applied Horizontal force
Rg = Reaction at free end due to dead load and SIDL
Rq = Reaction at free end due to live load
 = Coefficient of Friction at movable bearing = 0.03 or 0.05 which ever govern
* Fh (breaking force) is considered 20 % of the first train load

Reaction due to dead load and SIDL

DL SIDL Surfacing Footpath DL Footpath LL
Rg = 329.29 + 61.00 + 51.60 + 0 + 0
= 441.89 tonne
Rq max = 80.00 tonne
Corresponding Live load over Span = 1-70R
Breaking Force Fh = 100 x 0.2 + 0 x 0.05

= 20 tonne
FLongitudinal = Fh -  (Rg +Rq) = 20 - 0.03 x ( 80 + 441.89 )

Max of
Fh / 2 +  (Rg + Rq) = 10 + 0.05 x ( 80 + 441.89 )
= Max of ( 4.3433 , 36.0945 )

= 36.09 tonne
Lever arm of horizontal force = 4.6

Moment due to braking force = 166.3 tm
Additional vertical reaction +/- 2.87 t
A.2) Non-seismic case, No Live Load

Fh =  Rg
= 0.05 x 441.89
= 22.1 Tonne
Lever arm of horizontal force = 2.79 m (resultant cg of permanent loads)

Moment due to seismic LL about bearing top = 61.56 tm
Additional vertical reaction due to seismic long force moment = +/- 1.06 t

Seismic coefficient calculation :

Seismic zone = V
Z = 0.36
Sa / g = 2.5
Response reduction factor R = 1
Importance Factor = 1.2
= 0.54
Av = 2Ah / 3 = 0.36
Braking force for Seismic Case (20%) = 4 Tonne
B.1) Seismic Longitudinal

Seismic Component of Permanent Load = 0.54 x 883.78
= 477.2 Tonne
Seismic Component of Dead Load = 0.54 x 658.6 = 355.6 Tonne

Seismic Component of SIDL = 0.54 x 122.0 = 65.9 Tonne
Seismic Component of Surfacing = 0.54 x 103.2 = 55.7 Tonne
Seismic Component of Footpath Dl = 0.54 x 0.0 = 0.0 Tonne
Seismic Component of Footpath LL = 0.54 x 0.0 = 0.0 Tonne
Seismic Component of Live Load = 0.54 x 0.0 = 0.00 Tonne
± Ve reaction over B3 OR B4
Due to Dead Load seismic component = 16.3 tonne
Due to SIDL seismic component = 4.2 tonne
Due to Surfacing seismic component = 3.2 tonne
Due to Footpath DL seismic component = 0.0 tonne
Due to Footpath LL seismic component = 0.0 tonne
Due to Permanent load seismic component = 23.7 tonne
Due to LL seismic component = 0.0 tonne

B.1) Seismic Transverse

Forces in Transverse direction :
AT each end:
Total DL = 329.29 Tonne
Total SIDL = 61.00 Tonne
Total Surfacing = 51.60 Tonne
Total Footpath DL = 0.00 Tonne
Total Footpath LL = 0.00 Tonne
Permanent Load Reaction on each support = 441.89 Tonne
Live Load reaction ( 20%) = 16.00 Tonne
Total Reaction = 457.9 Tonne
Seismic Component of Dead Load = 0.54 x 329.3 = 177.8 Tonne

Seismic Component of SIDL = 0.54 x 61.0 = 32.9 Tonne
Seismic Component of Surfacing = 0.54 x 51.6 = 27.9 Tonne
Seismic Component of Footpath Dl = 0.54 x 0.0 = 0.0 Tonne
Seismic Component of Footpath LL = 0.54 x 0.0 = 0.0 Tonne
Seismic Component of Live Load = 0.54 x 16.0 = 8.64 Tonne
Total Horizontal force due to seismic = 247.3 Tonne
Additional Vertical forces over bearing due to seismic Transverse comp.

Seismic Forces over each support due to
Seismic component of Dead Load FPL = 177.8 tonne
Seismic Component of SIDL FSIDL = 32.9 tonne
Seismic Component of Surfacing FSurfacing = 27.9 tonne
Seismic Component of Footpath DL FFPDL = 0.0 tonne
Seismic Component of Footpath LL FFPLL = 0.0 tonne
Seismic component of Live Load FLL = 8.64 tonne

Depth of bearing = 0.10 m

Depth of superstructure = 3.21 m
Dist. of cg of superstructure abv soffit level = 2.56 m FLL 4.61
Dist. of cg of sidl abv soffit level = 3.61 m FFPLL 4.51
Dist. of cg of surfacing abv soffit level = 3.23 m FFPDL 3.51
Dist. of cg of footpath dl abv soffit level = 3.41 m FSIDL 3.71
Dist. of cg of footpath ll abv soffit level = 4.41 m Fsurfacing 3.33
FDL 2.66 X= 3.00
Dist. of cg of Live Load abv soffit level = 4.51 m
B1 B2
± Ve reaction over B3 or B1
Due to Dead Load seismic component = 79.0 tonne €X2 = 18
Due to SIDL seismic component = 20.3 tonne
Due to Surfacing seismic component = 15.5 tonne
Due to Footpath DL seismic component = 0.0 tonne
Due to Footpath LL seismic component = 0.0 tonne
Due to Permanent load seismic component = 114.8 tonne
Due to LL seismic component = 6.63 tonne
*/ At free End Bearing Location Horizontal force in transverse direction will be as at Fixed end.
Translation in longitudinal direction :

o
Maximum temperature Tmax = 40 C
o
Minimum temperature Tmin = 5 C
o
Average Temperature Tav = 22.5 C
o
Temperature variation Tvar = ± 10 C
o
T = Tmax - ( Tav - Tvar ) = 45 C
o
Coefficient of thermal expansion = 1.2E-05 / C
Movement due to temperature =  L T = 31.32 mm

Movement due to Shrinkage

Shrinkage strain = 0.00032
Movement due to shrinkage = L = 18.56 mm
Total longitudinal movement = 49.88 mm
Total Movement In Longitudinal direction : Translation

Irreversible Reversible
Temperature 31.32
Shrinkage -18.56
Total movement -18.56 31.32
Design movement (with multiplication factor 1.3) -24.13 40.72
(IRC 83 - Part III Clause 926.1.6, multiplication factor 1.3)
Movement in Transverse direction :

Movement due to temperature =  L T = 8.10 mm
Movement due to shrinkage = L = 4.80 mm
Total Movement In Transverse direction : Translation

Temperature 8.10
Shrinkage -4.80
Total movement -4.80 8.10
Design movement (with multiplication factor 1.3) -6.24 10.53
Rotation in Longitudinal direction :

Forces Rotation (radian)
Dead Load 0.003
Surfacing 0.000
SIDL 0.000
Footpath DL 0.000
Footpath LL 0.000
Live Load 0.00100
Total rotation 0.0030 0.001
Design rotation (with multiplication factor 1.3) 0.0039 0.0013

Rotation in Transverse direction :

Forces Rotation (radian)
Dead Load 0.002
SIDL 0.002
Surfacing 0.002
FPDL 0
Live Load 0.00000
Total rotation 0.006 0
Design rotation (with multiplication factor 1.3) 0.0 0
Load Combinations :
LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load
LC-2 Non Seismic, Service conditions
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions

Bearing forces for ULS case (WITHOUT SV LOADING)

Summary of Forces Over bearing B3 Bearing No. B3 Ultimate Load Factors
FREE Vmax Vmin HL HT LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5
Non-seismic Condition
Dead Load 112.19 108.55 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
SIDL 27.20 6.60 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
Surfacing 17.30 17.00 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75
Footpath DL 0.00 0.00 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 1.15 1.15 0.2 0.2 0.2
Live Load Reaction+ change in vertical rxn 71.58 -3.40 1.5 0.2 0.2 0.2
Longitudinal Force (Friction only) 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5
Longitudinal Force (braking & friction) 1.5
Braking Force only (for seismic case) 0.2 0.2 0.2
Seismic Longitudinal
Seismic Component of Permanent Load 7.92 -7.92 1.5 0.45 0.45
Seismic Transverse
Seismic componet of permanent Load 114.79 -114.79 0.45 1.5 0.45
Seismic componet of Live load 6.63 -6.63 0.45 1.5 0.45
Seismic Vertical
Seismic componet of PL +LL 61.36 -56.37 0.45 0.45 1.5
Total Force Over Bearings B3 Ultimate Load factor

FREE Vmax Vmin HL HT
t t t t
LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 218.45 185.20 0.00 0.00
LC-2 Non Seismic, Service conditions 325.82 180.10 0.00 0.00
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 326.89 92.64 0.00 0.00
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 446.07 -26.54 0.00 0.00
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions 383.00 41.77 0.00 0.00

Summary of Forces Over bearings B4 ` Bearing No. B4 Ultimate Load Factors

Longitudinal Guided Vmax Vmin HL HT LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5
Dead Load 112.19 108.55 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
SIDL 27.20 6.60 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
Surfacing 17.30 17.00 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75
Footpath DL 0.00 0.00 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 1.15 1.15 0.2 0.2 0.2
Live Load Reaction 71.58 -3.40 1.5 0.2 0.2 0.2
Longitudinal Force (Friction only) 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5
Longitudinal Force (braking & friction) 1.5
Braking Force only (for seismic case) 0.2 0.2 0.2
Seismic Component of Permanent Load 7.92 -7.92 1.5 0.45 0.45
Seismic Transverse
Seismic componet of permanent Load 0.00 0.00 238.62 0.45 1.5 0.45
Seismic componet of Live load 0.00 0.00 8.64 0.45 1.5 0.45
Seismic Vertical

LONGITUDINAL GUIDED Vmax Vmin HL HT
t t t t
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 263.94 155.59 0.00 370.89

Summary of Forces Over bearings B2 Bearing No. B2 Ultimate Load Factors

Fixed BEARING (B2) Vmax Vmin HL HT LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5
Dead Load 112.19 108.55 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
SIDL 27.20 6.60 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
Surfacing 17.30 17.00 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75
Footpath DL 0.00 0.00 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 1.15 1.15 0.2 0.2 0.2
Longitudinal Force (Friction only) 7.36 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5
Longitudinal Force (braking & friction) 12.03 1.5
Braking Force only (for seismic case) 6.67 0.2 0.2 0.2
Seismic Component of Permanent Load 7.92 -7.92 159.08 1.5 0.45 0.45
Seismic Transverse
Seismic componet of permanent Load 0.00 0.00 238.62 0.45 1.5 0.45
Seismic componet of Live load 0.00 0.00 8.64 0.45 1.5 0.45
Seismic Vertical

Fixed Bearing Vmax Vmin HL HT
t t t t

Summary of Forces Over bearings Bearing No.B1 Ultimate Load Factors

Transverse Guided B1 Vmax Vmin HL HT LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5
Dead Load 112.19 108.55 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
SIDL 27.20 6.60 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
Surfacing 17.30 17.00 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75
Footpath DL 0.00 0.00 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 1.15 1.15 0.2 0.2 0.2
Longitudinal Force (Friction only) 7.36 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5
Longitudinal Force (braking & friction) 12.03 1.5
Braking Force only (for seismic case) 6.67 0.2 0.2 0.2
Seismic Component of Permanent Load 7.92 -7.92 159.08 1.5 0.45 0.45
Seismic Transverse
Seismic componet of permanent Load 0.00 0.00 0.45 1.5 0.45
Seismic componet of Live load 0.00 0.00 0.45 1.5 0.45
Seismic Vertical

Transverse Guided B1 Vmax Vmin HL HT
t t t t

Summary of Forces For Working Load Factors :

Translation Long Translation Trans Rotation (Long &Trans)
Bearing Name Vertical Horizontal Irreversi Reversibl Irreversi Reversibl Irreversi Reversibl
Max Min HL HT ble e ble e ble e
t t t t mm mm mm mm radian radian
Free (B3)
LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 218.45 185.20 0.00 0.00 -25.33 42.75 -6.55 11.06 -0.02 -0.02
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 446.07 -26.54 0.00 0.00
Longitudinal guided (B4)

LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 218.45 185.20 0.00 0.00 -25.33 42.75 - - -0.02 -0.02
LC-2 Non Seismic, Service conditions 325.82 180.10 0.00 0.00 - -
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 272.25 147.28 0.00 111.27 - -
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 263.94 155.59 0.00 370.89 - -
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions 328.36 96.40 0.00 111.27 - -
Fixed bearing (B2)

LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 218.45 185.20 11.05 0.00 - - - - -0.02 -0.02
LC-2 Non Seismic, Service conditions 325.82 180.10 24.68 0.00 - - - -
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 272.25 147.28 248.24 111.27 - - - -
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 263.94 155.59 81.20 370.89 - - - -
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions 328.36 96.40 81.20 111.27 - - - -
Transverse guided (B1)

LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 218.45 185.20 11.05 0.00 - - -6.55 11.06 -0.02 -0.02
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 272.25 147.28 248.24 0.00 - -
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 263.94 155.59 81.20 0.00 - -
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions 328.36 96.40 81.20 0.00 - -

Bearing forces for SLS case (WITHOUT SV LOADING)

Summary of Forces Over bearing B3 Bearing No. B3 Working Load Factors
FREE Vmax Vmin HL HT LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5
Dead Load 112.19 108.55 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 27.20 6.60 1 1 1 1 1
Surfacing 17.30 17.00 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
Footpath DL 0.00 0.00 1 1 1 1 1
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 1 1 1 1 1
Live Load Reaction+ change in vertical rxn 71.58 -3.40 1 1 1 1
Longitudinal Force (Friction only) 1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Longitudinal Force (braking & friction) 1
Braking Force only (for seismic case) 1 1 1
Total Force Over Bearings B3 Working Load factor

FREE Vmax Vmin HL HT
t t t t

Summary of Forces Over bearings B4 Bearing No. B4 Working Load Factors

Longitudinal Guided Vmax Vmin HL HT LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5
Dead Load 112.19 108.55 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 27.20 6.60 1 1 1 1 1
Surfacing 17.30 17.00 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
Footpath DL 0.00 0.00 1 1 1 1 1
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 1 1 1 1 1
Live Load Reaction 71.58 -3.40 1 1 1 1
Longitudinal Force (Friction only) 1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Longitudinal Force (braking & friction) 1
Braking Force only (for seismic case) 1 1 1

LONGITUDINAL GUIDED Vmax Vmin HL HT
t t t t

Summary of Forces Over bearings B2 Bearing No. B2 Working Load Factors

Fixed BEARING (B2) Vmax Vmin HL HT LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5
Dead Load 112.19 108.55 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 27.20 6.60 1 1 1 1 1
Surfacing 17.30 17.00 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
Footpath DL 0.00 0.00 1 1 1 1 1
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 1 1 1 1 1
Longitudinal Force (Friction only) 7.36 1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Longitudinal Force (braking & friction) 12.03 1
Braking Force only (for seismic case) 6.67 1 1 1

Fixed Bearing Vmax Vmin HL HT
t t t t

Summary of Forces Over bearings Bearing No.B1 Working Load Factors

Transverse Guided B1 Vmax Vmin HL HT LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5
Dead Load 112.19 108.55 1 1 1 1 1
SIDL 27.20 6.60 1 1 1 1 1
Surfacing 17.30 17.00 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
Footpath DL 0.00 0.00 1 1 1 1 1
Footpath LL 0.00 0.00 1 1 1 1 1
Longitudinal Force (Friction only) 7.36 1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Longitudinal Force (braking & friction) 12.03 1
Braking Force only (for seismic case) 6.67 1 1 1

Transverse Guided B1 Vmax Vmin HL HT
t t t t

Summary of Forces For Working Load Factors :

Translation Long Translation Trans Rotation (Long &Trans)
Bearing Name Vertical Horizontal Irreversi Reversibl Irreversi Reversibl Irreversi Reversibl
Max Min HL HT ble e ble e ble e
t t t t mm mm mm mm radian radian
Free (B3)
LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 160.15 135.55 0.00 0.00 -25.33 42.75 -6.55 11.06 -0.02 -0.02
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions
Longitudinal guided (B4)

LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 160.15 135.55 0.00 0.00 -25.33 42.75 - - -0.02 -0.02
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions - -
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions - -
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions - -
Fixed bearing (B2)

LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 160.15 135.55 7.36 0.00 - - - - -0.02 -0.02
LC-2 Non Seismic, Service conditions 231.73 132.15 16.45 0.00 - - - -
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions - - - -
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions - - - -
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions - - - -
Transverse guided (B1)

LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 160.15 135.55 7.36 0.00 - - -6.55 11.06 -0.02 -0.02
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions - -
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions - -
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions - -

SLS ULS
VERTICAL HORIZONTAL VERTICAL HORIZONTAL TRANSLATION LONG. TRANSLATION TRANS. ROTATION (LONG. & TRANS.)
BEARING TYPE
MAX MIN HL HT MAX MIN HL HT IRREVERSIBLE REVERSIBLE IRREVERSIBLE REVERSIBLE IRREVERSIBLE REVERSIBLE BEARING
T T T T T T T T mm mm mm mm radian radian No. Each Span
FIXED BEARING (B2)
LC-1 Non Seismic, Without Live Load 161 136 8 0 219 186 12 0
LC-2 Non Seismic, Service conditions 232 132 17 0 326 180 25 0
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 0 0 0 0 273 147 249 112 - - - - -0.02 -0.02 1
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 0 0 0 0 264 155 82 371
LC-5 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=0.3, Sy =±1, Service conditions 0 0 0 0 329 96 82 112
TRANSVERSE GUIDED BEARING (B1)
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 0 0 0 0 273 147 249 0 - - -7 12 -0.02 -0.02 2
LONGITUDINAL GUIDED BEARING (B4)
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 0 0 0 0 273 147 0 112 -26 43 - - -0.02 -0.02 1
FREE SLIDING BEARING (B3)
LC-3 Seismic Sx=1, Sz=0.3, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 0 0 0 0 327 92 0 0 -26 43 -7 12 -0.02 -0.02 2
LC-4 Seismic Sx=0.3, Sz=1, Sy =±0.3, Service conditions 0 0 0 0 447 -26 0 0

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DESIGN OF STEEL PLATE GIRDER SUPERSTRUCTURE

(60m c/c Exp. Gap)

S.No. Contents Page

5 Design Loads on Longitudinal Girder 15

12 Design of Stud Shear Connectors 54

18 Design of RCC Deck Slab 96

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE BRIDGE DECK:

Thickness of Cast-in-situ deck = 0.220 m

Size of bearing = 0.8 x 0.8 m (assumed)

Permissible stress in Concrete SLS Rare = 19.2 Mpa

Type of reinf. steel = Fe 500 Mpa

Type of structural steel

Permissible stress in structural steel = 297 Mpa (0.9 fy)

BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 1

i) For permanent loads

ii) For transient loads

Partial Safety Factors (Table 1,3 IRC 22 : 2015)

BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 2

Load Factor used

1 Plate Girders Shall be fabricated at fabrication plant.

The main girders shall be designed for the following stages.

BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 3

Nos of Girder = 3 2.686 3.056

c/L Jcak (typ.)

For Outer Girder, beff 7.25 1.225 m

BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 4

220 800 Clause 504.7, IRC:24-2010

Top flange b0 = 800 mm

ε = 0.87 Limiting width to thickness ratios

Deck reinforcement (Longitudinal Direction)

c/c spacing Cover Total

Top Layer 12 200 15 51 1696

BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 5

Girder Section Properties

Total 0.11 1.59 0.00 0.01 0.15

Top flange RECT 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 1.58 0.045

Total 0.11 1.59 0.00 0.18 4.99 0.107

Depth of PNA = 1.5932 m

BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 6

Girder Section Properties without web

Total 0.08 1.70 0.00 0.01 0.13

Top flange RECT 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 1.58 0.045

Total 0.08 1.70 0.00 0.13 4.99 0.099

Depth of PNA = 1.6950 m

Plastic strength of section without web Mfd = Zp fy / γm0

BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 7

P = force at shear center

= VAz/Iy where V=P

Since the shear flows varies parabolically in the flanges

Pe = V2h = 0.73 P x 2643

The warping constant

Ifc = 2E+09 mm^4

BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 8

Modular ratio = 7.5

Outer Girder Section

Total 0.209 1.102 0.000 0.007 0.321

Inner Girder Section

Total 0.217 1.065 0.000 0.007 0.329

BASIC CONSULTANTS Page 9

Outer Girder Section