Success in Bio P1 Vol 2 (2015 - 2021)

SUCCESS IN BIOLOGY
PAPER 1 VOLUME TWO

1ST EDITION – OCTOBER 2021
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EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA

Examination for the School Certificate Ordinary Level
BIOLOGY 5090/1
PAPER 1 multiple choice
Tuesday 6 OCTOBER 2015 50 minutes
1 Which structures are found in a human sperm cell?

Cell Membrane Cell Wall Haploid Nucleus
A ✓ X X
B ✓ X ✓
C ✓ ✓ ✓
D X ✓ ✓
Key
✓ Present
X Absent
2 The diagram illustrates the effect of osmosis on a plant cell that has been placed in liquid Q
for several minutes.
What type of liquid is Q?

A Distilled water
B Hypertonic solution
C Hypotonic solution
D Isotonic solution
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3 The graph shows the effect of temperature on a chemical reaction which was controlled by
enzymes.
At which point are most product molecules formed?
4 An organism being examined under a microscope was found to have three body parts and
three pairs of legs.
To which class of organisms does it belong?
A Arachnida
B Arthropoda
C Diplopoda
D Insecta
5 The diagram shows a photosynthesising water plant. The rate of photosynthesis is measured
by bubbles of gas released.
Which factor in the water was limiting?

A Carbon dioxide
B Chlorophyll
C Light
D Water

6 The table shows the results of two food samples that were tested.
What do these results show?

A Sample 1 contains starch and sugars
B Sample 1 contains starch only.
C Sample 2 contains starch and protein.
D Sample 2 contains protein only.
7 The following diagram shows the breakdown of a nutrient.
Which of the following identifies P, Q and R?

P Q R
A Carbohydrate Glucose Fructose
B Protein Amino acid Urea
C Lipid Glycerol Fatty acid
D Fats glucose Glycerol
8 What is the total number of teeth on the upper jaw of a rat with the dental formula?
.
A 4
B 8
C 16
D 32

9 The diagram represents a cross section of a part of a plant.
From which part of the plant was this section cut?

A dicotyledonous root
B dicotyledonous stem
C monocotyledonous root
D monocotyledonous stem
10 The diagram below shows a section through a part of a plant.
Which part(s) are responsible for transport of amino acids and sucrose?
Amino acids Sucrose
A X X
B X Z
C Z Z
D Z X
11 A green plant starts to wilt. It is then watered, and after a short time it recovers.
What process causes this recovery?
A Assimilation
B Active transport
C Respiration
D Transpiration

12 When the skin is cut, the blood clots. In which order would the components of blood
become involved?
13 The diagram below shows a double circulatory system.
Which vessels carry oxygenated blood?

A 1 and 2
B 1 and 4
C 2 and 3
D 2 and 4
14 Which feature of the alveolus decreases the distance over which oxygen and carbon
dioxide molecules diffuse?
A Each alveolus has a large blood supply.
B Each alveolus is only 0.2mm in diameter.
C There are numerous alveoli in the lungs.
D The walls of the alveoli are only one-cell thick.

15 The diagram below shows the respiratory organs in fish.
In which of the labelled parts does gaseous exchange take place?
16 The table below shows the aspects of respiration. Which row is correct for anaerobic
respiration in plants?
17 Chemicals in tobacco smoke lead to the breakdown of the tissue of the alveoli walls.
What name is given to this condition?
A Bronchitis B Emphysema
C Heart disease D Lung Cancer
18 The apparatus below demonstrates the process of respiration.
What happens to the lime water in X and Y?

X Y
A Goes cloudy Goes cloudy
B Goes cloudy Stays clear
C Stays clear Goes cloudy
D Stays clear Stays clear

19 Which conditions are necessary for the germination of most seeds?

Light Oxygen Water
A ✓ ✓ X
B X ✓ X
C ✓ ✓ ✓
D X ✓ ✓
20 The diagram shows a simple dialysis machine.
The substance in blood at X which should not be found in blood at Y is...

A amino acids.
B fatty acids.
C glucose.
D urea.
21 Which of the following is excreted by plants only?

A Alkaloids
B Carbon dioxide
C Excess salts
D Urea

22 When a person is cold, nerve impulses from the hypothalamus cause the skin to reduce the
rate of heat loss. What is the effect of these nerve impulses on the hair erector muscle and
the arterioles near the skin surface?
23 The diagram shows a shoot which has been placed horizontally. The shoot begins to grow
upwards.
What causes the shoot to grow upwards?

A increased cell division by meiosis at P.
B Increased cell division by mitosis at P.
C More cell elongation at P than at Q.
D More cell elongation at Q than at P.
24 The diagram shows the structures involved in a reflex action.
The correct sequence of an impulse through these structures is

25 The diagram below shows a cross section through the brain.
Which part is the centre for processes such as thought, memory and judgment?
26 Which of the following shows the appearance of the iris and pupil of the eye when viewing
an object in dim light?

27 Which two bones form the ball and socket joint of the shoulder?
A Femur and pelvic girdle
B Femur and Tibia
C Humerus and Scapula
D Ulna and Humerus
28 The diagram below shows a vertebra.
To which region of the vertebral column does it belong?

A Cervical
B Lumbar
C Thoracic
D Sacral
29 The diagram shows Irish potatoes in natural vegetative propagation.
What type of vegetative organ is shown.

A Bulb
B Corm
C Root tuber
D Stem tuber
30 What type of seed dispersal is shown in the diagram?
A Animal dispersal
B Self dispersal
C Water dispersal
D Wind dispersal
31 The diagram shows the female reproductive system.
In which numbered parts does ovulation, fertilization and implantation occur?

Ovulation Fertilization Implantation
A 1 2 3
B 2 1 3
C 2 1 4
D 3 2 4
32 Which one of the following is a hormonal and which one is a mechanical method of
contraception?
Hormonal Mechanical
A Condom Spermicide
B Condom Intra Uterine Device
C Pill Spermicide
D Pill Intra Uterine Device

33 How is Bilharzia transmitted?

A Inhaling contaminated air.
B Shaking hands with an infected person.
C Swimming in contaminated water.
D Walking bare foot on the ground.
34 BCG vaccination against tuberculosis is an example of ...

A artificial active immunity.
B natural active immunity
C natural immunity.
D natural passive immunity.
35 The diagram below shows a food chain. The grass receives 10 000KJ of energy from the
sun.
How much energy would the Hawk receive after eating the snake?
A 1KJ
B 10KJ
C 100KJ
D 1000KJ
36 The diagram shows the carbon cycle.

What processes are represented by P and Q?

P Q
A Photosynthesis Photosynthesis
B Photosynthesis Respiration
C Respiration Respiration
D Respiration Photosynthesis
37 Which of the following effect of man on the ecosystem is reduced by proper treatment of
sewage?
A Acid rain
B Death of fish due to lack of oxygen
C Increase in Carbon dioxide in atmosphere
D Lack of soil nutrients
38 Which of the following human features is an example of continuous variation?

A Blood group
B Foot size
C Sex
D Types of teeth
39 The diagram shows a family tree of two parents both of blood group A.
40 A person with Down's Syndrome is born with 47 chromosomes in each of his or her cells
instead of 46. What could cause this?
A A mutation happened during the production of the ovum
B More than one sperm fused with ovum at fertilization
C Radiation caused a change in structure of gene in the father's sperm
D The mother was exposed to harmful chemicals while she was pregnant.

Examination for the General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
BIOLOGY 5090/1
Wednesday 6 JULY 2016 50 minutes
1 Which characteristic of living organisms is described by the following statement?

"Permanent increase in size of an organism".
A Excretion
B Growth
C Reproduction
D Respiration
2 What are the correct functions of the following specialised cells?

Root hair cell Phloem cells Xylem cells
A Absorption of water Conduction of sucrose Conduction of water
B Absorption of water Conduction of water Conduction of sucrose
C Conduction of water Conduction of sucrose Absorption of water
D Conduction of water Absorption of water Conduction of sucrose
3 The diagram shows an apparatus used to investigate osmosis.

What molecules will pass through the selectively permeable membrane and what will
happen to level P?
4 In the phylum arthropoda, which of the following characteristics correctly identifies the
class insecta?
Number of main body parts Pairs of legs Pairs of wings
A 2 3 2
B 3 2 4
C 3 3 2
D 4 6 4
5 Which of the following signs indicate that a plant is lacking magnesium?

A Purple leaves and thin stem.
B Small leaves and thin stem.
C White upper leaves and normal leaves.
D Yellow leaves and yellow stems.
6 The diagram shows the amount of oxygen produced by a green plant, growing outdoors,
during a 24-hour period. Which letter represents midday?
7 Which substances are needed for formation of healthy bones and teeth?
A Calcium and Vitamin C.
B Calcium and Vitamin D.
C Iron and Vitamin C.
D Iron and Vitamin D.
8 The diagram shows the alimentary canal.
Which labelled structure produces an acidic digestive juice?

9 The diagram shows a villus.
Which of the following correctly describes the functions of the numbered parts?
1 2 3
A Absorbs digested fats Absorbs glucose Produces enzymes
B Absorbs digested fats Absorbs glucose Produces mucus
C Absorbs glucose Produces digested fats Produces enzymes
D Absorbs glucose Absorbs digested fats Produces mucus

10 The diagrams show the transverse section of a dicot root and a dicot stem.
Which tissues carry sucrose in solution?

Root Stem
A P R
B P S
C Q R
D Q S
11 Which conditions will increase the rate of transpiration in a plant?

Temperature Humidity Wind speed
A High High High
B High Low High
C Low High High
D Low Low High
12 A woman has fewer red blood cells than normal. What would be the effect of this?
A Her blood contains high levels of urea.
B Her blood does not clot properly.
C Her body does not get enough oxygen.
D She cannot fight off infections.
13 The diagram shows a transverse section of the human heart.

14 The diagram represents the liver, Kidney and some associated blood vessels. In which
blood vessel will the blood contain the lowest concentration of urea?
15 The end products of anaerobic respiration in yeast cells are ...

A carbon dioxide and ethanol.
B carbon dioxide and lactic acid.
C carbon dioxide and water.
D ethanol and water.
16 What happens to the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles during inspiration?
Diaphragm External intercostal muscles
A Contract Contract
B Contract Relax
C Relax Contract
D Relax Relax
17 The diagram shows an experiment to investigate respiration in germinating seeds.

In which direction does the coloured water move?

P Q
A Left Right
B Left Stay still
C Right Left
D Stay still Right
18 The diagram shows a root meristem.
Which part is the region of cell division?
19 The diagram shows the life cycle of a mosquito.
What stages are X, Y and Z?

X Y Z
A Adult Pupa Larva
B Adult Larva Pupa
C Larva Adult Pupa
D Larva Pupa Adult

20 The diagram shows part of a dialysis machine.
Which substance in the dialysis fluid should be at a lower concentration than in the blood?
A Amino acids and glucose.
B Amino acids and urea.
C Glucose and salts.
D Salts and urea.
21 The graph shows changes in the person's body temperature plotted against time.
What causes the change in temperature between P and Q?
A Increase in temperature.
B Increase in evaporation of water in sweat.
C Reduced blood flow through surface capillaries.
D Shivering.
22 What effect would an increase in glucagon have on the human body?
23 Which of the following correctly distinguishes a taxic response from a tropic response? The
taxic response...
A involves hormones.
B is a growth movement.
C is movement of whole organism.
D is irreversible.
24 Which part of the brain is responsible for osmoregulation?
A Cerebellum
B Cerebrum
C Hypothalamus
D Medulla oblongata
25 Which substances are depressant drugs?
Alcohol Heroin Nicotine
A ✓ ✓ ✓ Key
B ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ depressant drug
C ✓ X ✓ X not a depressant drug
D X ✓ ✓
26 The diagram shows a section through the eye.
Which pair of structures focus light rays onto the retina?

A 1 and 2.
B 1 and 3.
C 2 and 3.
D 2 and 4.
27 The diagram shows a bone from a fore limb.
What is the name of the bone and which type of joint does it form at P?
Bone Joint
A Humerus Hinge
B Humerus Ball and socket
C Ulna Hinge
D Ulna Ball and socket
28 The diagram shows the main bones and muscles of the arm.
What happens when muscle P contracts?

A The lower arm is extended.
B The lower arm is raised.
C The upper arm is raised.
D The whole arm rotates.
29 The diagram below shows a form of asexual reproduction.

What name is given to the vegetative structure labelled P?

A Corm
B Rhizome
C Runner
D Sucker
30 In plant reproduction, the following processes occur:

1 Fertilization
2 Growth of a pollen tube
3 Pollination
4 Seed germination
In which order do these processes occur?
31 A woman ovulates on the 7th of January. In which week will her next menstrual period
begin?
32 Which one of the following statements describes the effects of smoking on the baby in a
pregnant mother?
A Increased growth rate and increased birth weight.
B Increased growth rate and reduced birth weight.
C Reduced growth rate and increased birth weight.
D Reduced growth rate and reduced birth weight.
33 Which of the following parasites requires a fresh water snail to complete its life cycle?
A Plasmodium
B Schistosoma
C Trypanosoma
D Vibrio cholera

34 Which one of the following is the most effective way of avoiding HIV infection by someone
who is not infected?
A Avoiding sexual intercourse.
B Having one sexual partner.
C Using condoms during sexual intercourse.
D Using spermicides during sexual intercourse.
35 The diagram below shows a simple version of the energy flow through a food chain.
What happens to the energy leaving the decomposers?

A Adds to soil fertility.
B Lost as heat.
C Lost in undigested food (faeces).
D Returns to the sun.
36 The diagram shows a part of the carbon cycle. Which letter represents fossilisation?
37 Which of the following is an effect of deforestation?

A Decreased carbon dioxide content in the air.
B Decreased flooding of low lying land.
C Increased rainfall.
D Increased rate of soil erosion.
38 An insect has 42 chromosomes in each of its muscle cells.

How many chromosomes are there in its egg cells?
A 42
B 30
C 25
D 21
39 If the allele for round seeds is dominant to the allele for wrinkled seeds, how many wrinkled
seeds can be obtained in a cross of 200 heterozygous plants to yield 1500 round seeds?
A 6000
B 2000
C 1500
D 500
40 The diagram shows a family pedigree in which some members have sickle cell anaemia.
Which person could have two alleles for sickle cell anaemia?


BIOLOGY 5090/1
Wednesday 26 OCTOBER 2016 50 minutes
1 Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living organisms?

A Egestion
B Excretion
C Growth
D Sensitivity
2 Some stages in the preparation of the epidermis of an onion for observation under a
microscope are listed below.
1 Focus the microscope.
2 Place the epidermis on a glass slide.
3 Peel the epidermis from an onion.
4 Cover the epidermis with a cover slip.
5. Add iodine solution to the epidermis.
In which order do these stages occur to bring the image into focus?
3 The diagram shows an experiment to demonstrate biological processes.

What processes are responsible for the movement of water and the dye?
Movement of water Movement of dye
A diffusion osmosis
B osmosis diffusion
C osmosis translocation
D translocation diffusion
4 A food sample solution was mixed with 2cm3 of Benedict's solution and gently heated for
3 minutes. What is the possible observation and conclusion from this experiment?
Possible Observation Conclusion
A Colour turns from blue to orange Proteins are present
B Colour turns from blue to orange Reducing sugar present
C Colour turns blue Proteins are present
D Colour turns blue Reducing sugar present
5 Which component of a balanced diet is used to make new enzyme molecules?

A Carbohydrates
B Fats
C Proteins
D Water
6 Which of these correctly identifies the nutritional related disorders and their causes?
Kwashiokor Rickets Anaemia
A Lack of carbohydrates Lack of iron Lack of calcium
B Lack of carbohydrates Lack of protein Lack of iron
C Lack of protein Lack of vitamin C Lack of calcium
D Lack of protein Lack of calcium Lack of iron
7 What substances contain magnesium and nitrogen in plants?

Magnesium Nitrogen
A Amino acids Protein
B Amino acids Starch
C Chlorophyll Protein
D Chlorophyll Starch

8 The diagram shows a section through a leaf, seen under a microscope.
In which part is the carbon dioxide concentration lowest on a sunny day?
9 Which of the following is not an importance of saprophytic nutrition?

A Decomposition of dead organic matter.
B Manufacturing of food nutrients.
C Production of antibiotics.
D Recycling of nutrients.
10 The following is a dental formula of a dog.
How many teeth are there in the lower jaw of the dog?
A 11
B 10
C 21
D 22
11 The diagram below shows the human alimentary canal.

Which nutrients are digested in regions P, Q and M?

P Q M
A Starch Fats Proteins
B Starch Proteins Fats
C Protein Peptides Starch
D Protein Starch Maltose
12 The chart shows the risk of heart disease developing in men who smoke cigarettes.
Which group of men is most at risk?

A Men aged below 45 who smoke 20 cigarettes per day.
B Men aged between 45 and 54 who smoke 10 cigarettes per day.
C Men aged between 45 and 54 who smoke 15 cigarettes per day.
D Men aged between 55 and 64 who smoke 20 cigarettes per day.
13 Which of the following best describes how HIV is transmitted?

A Being bewitched.
B Having handshakes with infected people.
C Having sexual intercourse with infected people.
D Sharing eating utensils with infected people.
14 What type of immunity do the antibodies in mothers' breast milk provide to the baby?
A Artificial active immunity.
B Artificial passive immunity.
C Natural active immunity.
D Natural passive immunity.

15 In an experiment to investigate transpiration, four identical leafy shoots were treated as

follows:
Shoot 1 Upper leaf surfaces covered with Vaseline/water proof jelly.
Shoot 2 Lower leaf surfaces covered with Vaseline/water proof jelly.
Shoot 3 Upper and lower leaf surfaces covered with Vaseline/water proof jelly.
Shoot 4 Untreated.
The graph shows the water loss by the four shoots.
Which line shows the result for shoot 1?
16 Some of the components of the blood of a mammal are listed below:

1 Antibodies
2 Fibrinogen
3 Platelets
4 White blood cells
Which two of these components are involved in blood clotting?
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 4
C 2 and 3
D 3 and 4
17 Why is it important to determine the rhesus factor of a pregnant woman?

A For organ transplant.
B For purposes of blood transfusion.
C To prevent haemolytic disease in the foetus.
D To prevent HIV transmission.

18 The diagram shows a kidney and three tubes associated with it.
In which tube(s) will the most urea be found?

A Z only
B X and Z
C X and Y
D X, Y and Z
19 The diagrams below show skin temperature in a human body when it is exposed to cold
air and then exposed to warm air.
What causes the observed change in the skin temperature on exposure to warm air?
A Less blood flowing just below the skin.
B Less blood going to the heart and lungs.
C More blood flowing just below the skin.
D More blood going to the heart and lungs.

20 Which of the following results from increased secretion of adrenaline?

A Decreased breathing rate.
B Decreased sweating.
C Increased blood supply to the intestine.
D Increased supply of glucose in the blood.
21 A person accidentally steps on a thorn. In which order does the electrical impulse flow?
22 The diagram shows the muscles which control the size of the pupil in an eye.
How do these muscles make the pupil larger?

Circular muscles Radial muscles
A Contract Contract
B Contract Relax
C Relax Contract
D Relax Relax
23 The exoskeleton of insects is made up of ...

A calcium phosphate.
B chitin.
C collagen.
D keratin.

24 The diagram shows a germinating cereal grain.
What will happen at X, if light shines on the shoot tip from the direction shown?
Rate of growth Amount of auxin
A Increases High
B Increases Low
C Reduces High
D Reduces Low
25 The diagram below shows the longitudinal section through a shoot apex.
Which labelled parts show the region of cell elongation?

26 The diagram shows a bean seed when planted and the same seed two days later.
27 What term is used to describe the process in which a new individual gradually grows from
the parent and eventually separates?
A Budding.
B External fertilisation.
C Spore formation.
D Vegetative reproduction.
28 Which of these correctly identifies a natural and an artificial method of propagation?

Natural Artificial
A Corms Grafting
B Corms Suckers
C Runners Suckers
D Runners Corms
29 Flowers show adaptations for wind or insect pollination. Which of these adaptations are
found in wind pollinated flowers?
Anther Nectary Stigma
A Firmly attached Present Inside flower
B Firmly attached Present Outside flower
C Loosely attached Absent Inside flower
D Loosely attached Absent Outside flower

In which numbered parts does the blood contain the highest amount of oxygen and
nutrients?
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 1 and 4
D 2 and 3
31 The diagram shows some parts of the male reproductive system.
Which part is cut during a vasectomy?

32 Which of the following is not the cause of infertility in human beings?
A Alcoholism
B Blocked oviducts
C Use of antibiotics
D Weak sperms
33 Which of the following are correct examples of continuous and discontinuous variation?
Continuous Discontinuous
A Height Eye colour
B Blood group Skin colour
C Sex Body mass
D Eye colour Tongue rolling

34 The diagram shows the blood groups of some members of a family.
What are the blood group genotypes of the parents P and Q?
35 What type of plants are shown in the diagrams below?
Ferns Moss Angiosperm Coniferous

A 1 2 3 4
B 1 2 4 3
C 3 4 2 1
D 4 3 1 2

36 The diagram shows an experiment to find the proportion of air in a soil sample.
What was the percentage air content, by volume, of the soil sample?
A 10%
B 20%
C 25%
D 70%
37 The following organisms are found in an ecosystem.

1 Grass
2 Snake
3 Grasshopper
4 Bird
Which of the following food chains correctly represents the feeding relationship in this
ecosystem?

38 The diagram below shows a simple food web.
Which one of the following organisms in the food web is a primary consumer?
A. Fox
B. Plant
C. Rabbit
D. Rabbit flea
39 The diagram below shows part of the carbon cycle.
What process is represented by the arrow X?

A Decay
B Nutrition
C Photosynthesis
D Respiration
40 Which two poisonous substances are found in motor exhaust fumes?

A Asbestos and lead.
B Lead and nitrogen oxides.
C Nitrogen oxides and Sulphur dioxide.
D Asbestos and carbon dioxide.


BIOLOGY 5090/1
Tuesday 25 JULY 2017 50 minutes
1 The diagram shows a guava leaf with a magnification of x2.0.
If the length of the drawing is 8.0 cm, what is the length of the actual leaf?
A 4.0 cm
B 7.5 cm
C 8.5 cm
D 16.0 cm
2 The diagram shows a plant cell.

Which two structures in this cell are not present in a red blood cell?
A 1 and 2
B 2 and 3
C 3 and 4
D 2 and 4
3 What term is used to refer to a solution outside a cell whose concentration is lower than the
concentration of a solution inside the living cell?
A Equilibrium
B Hypertonic
C Hypotonic
D Isotonic
4 The diagram shows the lock and key model of enzyme action.
Which number in the diagram represents the enzyme and the substrate?
Enzyme Substrate
A 1 2
B 1 3
C 2 1
D 3 2
5 Which of the following correctly shows the deficiency diseases caused by lack of vitamin
C, proteins and iron in the body?
Vitamin C Protein Iron
A Anaemia Rickets Scurvy
B Kwashiorkor Anaemia Rickets
C Rickets Scurvy Kwashiorkor
D Scurvy Kwashiorkor Anaemia
6 Which nutrient in the diet should be increased to keep a patient healthy after suffering from
malaria for a long time?
A Calcium
B fat
C Iron
D Vitamin D
7 In plants, magnesium is an essential element for formation of ...

A chlorophyll.
B flowers.
C proteins.
D roots.
8 The diagram shows the structure of Rhizopus.
Which labelled part releases digestive enzymes?
9 The diagram shows the internal structure of a leaf.
Which part transports food nutrients?
10 An organism has the following number of teeth in the mouth.

Incisors - 4, canines - 8, premolars -10 and molars -12.
What is the dental formula of the organism?

11 The diagram below shows part of the digestive tract.
Which structure produces an alkaline juice needed in digestion?
12 What changes cause expiration (breathing out) to take place?

Diaphragm muscle Internal intercostal muscle Volume of thorax
A Contracts Relaxes Increases
B Contracts Contracts Decreases
C Relaxes Relaxes Increases
D Relaxes Contracts decreases
13 Which of the following can help to reduce the causes of stigma to people living with HIV and
AIDS?
A Fear
B Myths
C Counselling and testing
D Sensitization

14 What type of immunity do babies obtain from the mother through breast milk?
A Artificial active immunity.
B Artificial passive immunity.
C Natural active immunity.
D Natural passive immunity.
15 In an experiment to compare water loss, four similar leaves were treated with petroleum
jelly (Vaseline) and left on a table for one hour.
Leaf 1 Upper surface only covered.
Leaf 2 Lower surface only covered.
Leaf 3 Both surfaces covered.
Leaf 4 Neither surface covered.
Which of the leaves will wilt the slowest?
A Leaf 1
B Leaf 2
C Leaf 3
D Leaf 4
16 Which vitamin is essential for clotting of blood?
A Vitamin A
B Vitamin B
C Vitamin C
D Vitamin K
17 The diagram shows the external view of the heart.
Which blood vessel is the pulmonary vein?
18 Which substance cannot diffuse out of the blood into the dialysis fluid through the dialysis
membrane in a kidney machine?
A Glucose
B Protein
C Sodium
D Urea

19 A person is digging on a hot day without drinking any water.

What effect will this have on the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and the
reabsorption of water in the body?
Release of ADH Reabsorption of water
A Decreases Decreases
B Decreases Increases
C Increases Decreases
D Increases Increases
20 Which of the following is one of the effects of over production of thyroxine?

A Cretinism
B Giantism
C Hyperactivity
D Myxoedema
21 The diagram shows a reflex arc.
What are the numbered neurones called?

1 2 3
A Relay Sensory Motor
B Relay Motor Sensory
C Motor Sensory Relay
D Motor Relay Sensory

22 The diagram shows a longitudinal section of the human brain.
Which of the labelled part is responsible for controlling heart rate, reasoning and
temperature?
Heart rate Reasoning Temperature
A P Q S
B Q R P
C R S Q
D S Q P
23 The diagram shows bones and muscles of the forelimb.
Which of the following correctly identifies joint P and what happens to muscle Q and R
when the arm is straightened?
Joint P Muscle Q Muscle R
A Ball and socket Contract Relax
B Ball and socket Relax Contract
C Hinge Contract Relax
D Hinge Relax Contract

24 The diagram shows plant shoots growing towards a stimulus.
What type of tropic response is illustrated in the diagram?

A Positive geotropism
B Positive phototropism
C Negative phototropism
D Negative geotropism
25 The diagram shows a longitudinal section of a seed.
What are the numbered parts?
1 2
A Cotyledon Plumule
B Plumule Radicle
C Radicle Plumule
D Plumule Cotyledon
26 What type of asexual reproduction occurs in Rhizopus?
A Binary fission
B Budding
C Fragmentation
D Spore formation

27 Identify the type of natural vegetative reproduction illustrated by each of the following
diagrams.
X Y Z
A Tuber Bulb Rhizome
B Tuber Rhizome Bulb
C Rhizome Tuber Bulb
D Tuber Bulb Stolon
28 Which feature in the flower below shows that it is wind pollinated?
A Lobed stigma
B Long filaments
C Presence of petals
D Short filaments
29 The diagram shows four different fruits.
Which two fruits are dispersed by animals?

A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 2 and 4
D 3 and 4
30 Which of the following correctly states the functions of the cowper's gland, prostate gland
and seminal vesicle in a male reproductive system?
31 The diagram shows part of a human female reproductive system after copulation.
What processes are taking place at points 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3
A Fertilisation Implantation Ovulation
B Fertilisation Ovulation Implantation
C Ovulation Fertilisation Implantation
D Ovulation Implantation Fertilisation
32 Vasectomy is one of the methods of preventing pregnancy.

Which structure in the male reproductive system is cut during vasectomy?
A Epididymis
B Prostate gland
C Sperm duct
D Urethra
33 Which statement correctly describes events which take place during interphase of mitosis?
A Chromosomes start to coil, become shorter and thicker.
B Chromosomes line up on the equator of the spindle.
C Chromatids are pulled apart by spindle fibres,
D Chromosomes are replicated ready for the next division.

34 In horses, red hair is dominant over brown hair. A breeder crosses a number of
heterozygous red-haired horses. What percentage of the offspring will be red-haired?
A 25%
B 50%
C 75%
D 100%
35 Which of the following diseases is caused by chromosomal mutation?

A Colour blindness
B Down's syndrome
C Haemophilia
D Sickle cell anaemia
36 The diagram shows an experimental set up to investigate one of the components of soil.
The water level in the U-shaped tube moves up towards P.
What component of soil is being investigated in the experiment above?

A Air
B Humus
C Micro-organisms
D Moisture
37 The diagram shows feeding relationships of organisms in an ecosystem.
Which organisms in the food web are herbivores?

A Impala, Zebra, Giraffe, Elephant
B Impala, Zebra, Giraffe, Leopard
C Zebra, Giraffe, Leopard, Cheetah
D Zebra, Lion, Leopard, Cheetah
38 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.
At which point are nitrifying bacteria involved?
39 What changes in the concentration of oxygen, number of fish and number of bacteria would
occur when sewage is discharged into a river?
40 Which of the following human activities help increase bio-diversity of organisms?

A Afforestation
B Charcoal production
C Fishing
D Hunting


BIOLOGY 5090/1
Monday 30 JULY 2018 50 minutes
1 The diagram shows a light microscope.
Which labelled part supports the objective lens and is rotated to bring the lens of desired
magnification into position?
2 The diagram shows a cell as seen under an electron microscope,
What type of cell is shown?

Type of cell Reason
A Animal Outer layer is cell membrane
B Animal No chromosomes are visible
C Plant Presence of cytoplasm
D Plant Cell wall is visible

3 The diagram shows freshly cut potato chips, one chip suspended in liquid M and another
suspended in liquid N.
Which one of the following correctly identifies liquids M and N?

Liquid M Liquid N
A Concentrated sugar solution Pure water
B Dilute sugar solution Concentrated sugar solution
C Pure water Concentrated sugar solution
D Pure water Dilute sugar solution
4 Which of the following best describes the function of enzymes?

A To accelerate metabolic activities.
B To breakdown food molecules.
C To catalyse digestion.
D To make biochemical reactions possible.
5 Which combination of chemical elements is present in a protein molecule?
6 Which of the following people need a lot of carbohydrates in their diet?

A Lacting mother
B Malaria patient
C Manual worker
D Sedentary worker
7 Which of the following correctly shows a plant nutrient and its function?
Element Function
A Calcium Formation of middle lamina
B Nitrogen Activates enzymes
C Potassium Formation of ATP and NADP
D Sulphur Forms part of the chlorophyll molecule
In which labelled cells is the rate of photosynthesis highest on a sunny day?
9 What type of nutrition is carried out by a Rhizopus?

A Chemotrophic
B Parasitic
C Phototrophic
D Saprophytic
10 The diagram shows a skull of a herbivore.
What type of teeth are represented by P and Q?

P Q
A Canines Molars
B Canines incisors
C Incisors Premolars
D Incisors Molars

11 The diagram shows a villus.
In which of the labelled structures are amino adds and glucose absorbed and transported?
A Lacteal
B Blood capillaries
C Epithelium
D Mucus secreting cell
12 The diagram shows some of the structures in a human lung.
At which point is the oxygen concentration lowest?

13 Glucose is an energy source needed for body processes to occur.
What processes are represented by X and Y?

X Y
A Photosynthesis Growth
B Photosynthesis Respiration
C Respiration Growth
D Respiration Photosynthesis
14 Which of the following forms of drug abuse leads to the highest risk of infection with
the Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV)?
A Cannabis (dagga) smoking

B Cigarette smoking
C Drinking alcohol
D Injecting heroin
15 The diagram shows a potometer.
Which of these factors will cause the fastest movement of the air bubble in the direction
shown?
A Decreased temperature
B Decreased wind speed
C Increased humidity
D Increased light intensity

16 Mary has blood group A. Which of the following is true about Mary's blood?
Antigens on red blood cells Antibodies in plasma
A Antigen A Anti-B antibodies
B Antigen B Anti-A antibodies
C Antigen A and B Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
D No antigen No antibodies
17 The table shows features of some blood vessels and the direction of blood flow in them.
Which blood vessel is the pulmonary artery?

A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
18 The diagram shows a human kidney and its blood supply.
Compared with the blood in vessel W, the blood in vessel X has ...
A less urea and less oxygen.
B less urea and more oxygen.
C more urea and less oxygen.
D more urea and more oxygen.

19 The diagram shows part of the human skin.
What is the function of layer P?

A Insulation against the cold
B Manufacture of skin pigment
C Rapid cell division
D Reducing water loss
20 Which hormone is responsible for regulation of water in the human body?

A Adrenaline
B Anti-diuretic hormone
C Glucagon
D Insulin
21 What are the physical effects of heroin?

A Addiction occurs rapidly and rate of breathing increases.
B Causes anxiety and panic and increases sensitivity to pain.
C Reduces rate of breathing and causes anxiety and panic.
D Reduces sensitivity to pain and addiction occurs rapidly.
22 The diagram shows a section through the human eye.

What happens when muscle P contracts? The lens becomes ...

A thicker to focus near objects.
B thicker to focus distant objects.
C thinner to focus distant objects.
D thinner to focus near objects.
23 The diagram shows part of a vertebral column.
What are the parts labelled X, Y and Z?

Centrum Neural spine Spinal cord
A X Y Z
B X Z Y
C Y X Z
D Y Z X
24 The diagram shows two stages in the growth of a plant exposed to light from one side of a
box.
Which labelled part is the effector?

25 The diagram shows a longitudinal section through a root.
Which one is the region of cell division?
26 The diagram shows a longitudinal section of a seed.
Which labelled structure would show the greatest loss in dry mass during the first week of
germination?
27 Which of the following is true regarding vegetative propagation?

A Occurs naturally and artificially producing genetically identical plants.
B Occurs naturally and artificially producing genetically different plants.
C Occurs only artificially producing genetically similar plants.
D Occurs only naturally producing genetically similar plants.

28 The diagram shows a longitudinal section through a flower.
Which process occurs when pollen is transferred from X to Y?
A Dispersal
B Fertilisation
C Pollination
D Reproduction
29 The diagram shows the structure of a fruit in pea plants.
What method of dispersal is illustrated in the diagram?

A Animal dispersal
B Self dispersal
C Water dispersal
D Wind dispersal

30 The diagram shows the male reproductive system.
In which structure are hormones that bring about secondary sexual characteristics
produced?
31 Which structure contracts when the baby is being born?

A Cervix
B Placenta
C Umbilical cord
D Uterus
32 The diagrams represent different methods of birth control.
Which birth control method is represented by X, Y and Z?

X Y Z
A Hormonal Mechanical Mechanical
B Hormonal Mechanical Surgical
C Mechanical Mechanical Surgical
D Mechanical Surgical Mechanical

33 The bar chart (a) shows the percentage of each blood group in a human population, while
the bar chart those without horns.
Which type of variation is shown in each population?
Human blood Horns in goat groups

A Continuous Continuous
B Continuous Discontinuous
C Discontinuous Continuous
D Discontinuous Discontinuous
34 The diagram shows the inheritance of albinism in a family. Albinism is caused by a recessive
allele.
What are the genotypes of the parents 1 and 2?

1 2
A Heterozygous Heterozygous
B Heterozygous Homozygous dominant
C Homozygous recessive Heterozygous
D Homozygous recessive Homozygous recessive

35 The table shows some characteristics of four different vertebrates.

Which vertebrate is a reptile?
36 Which soil component is important in giving soil a good crumb structure?

A Clay particles B Humus
C Silt D Sand particles
37 The diagram shows a food chain.
If the hawks are removed from this food chain, what is likely to happen to the number of
the other organisms in this chain?
Green flies Insect eating birds Lady birds
A Decrease Increase Decrease
B Decrease Increase Increase
C Increase Decrease Decrease
D Increase Decrease Increase
38 The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle in a forest. The letters P, Q and R represent
different processes that occur during the carbon cycle.
Which of these processes are reduced in rate as a result of deforestation?

A P only.
B P and Q only.
C Q and R only.
D P, Q and R.

39 Which pollutants of water can lead to eutrophication?

A Fertilizers and herbicides.
B Fertilizers and sewage.
C Herbicides and insecticides.
D Insecticides and sewage.
40 What is the reason for conserving plant species?

A To absorb oxygen from the air.
B To decrease rainfall.
C To obtain drugs for medicinal use.
D To release carbon dioxide into the air.


BIOLOGY 5090/1
Tuesday 30 OCTOBER 2018

Time: 50 minutes
1 Which of the following characteristics of living organisms Is defined as the ability to

detect and respond to stimuli?
A Irritability
B Movement
C Nutrition
D Respiration
2 The diagram below shows two different cells.
Which feature is found in both of the cells?

A Cell membrane
B Cell wall
C Central vacuole
D Chloroplasts
3 A piece of plant tissue is transferred from a beaker of pure water into a beaker
containing 20% salt solution. Which of the following correctly explains what happened in
this experiment?
Movement of Volume of tissue
water cells
A Enters the cells Decreases
B Enters the cells Increases
C Leaves the cells Decreases
D Leaves the cells Increases

4 The diagram below shows an experiment on the digestion of protein in egg albumen by
protease. The protease was taken from the stomach of a human being. In which test-
tube will the protein be digested most quickly?
5 Different rood samples were tested for their nutrient content The test results
were recorded in the table below. Which food sample contained both glucose and oil?
Benedict’s Biuret Ethanol Iodine
test test emulsion test test
A √ √ X X
B √ X √ X
C X √ X √
D X X √ X
Key
√ = nutrient present
X = nutrient absent
6 The table below shows the amount of protein and fat in a 100g sample of some foods.
Foods Protein(g) Fat (g)
Meat 18.0 17.0
Bread 9.0 1.5
Fish 18.0 0.5
Eggs 13.0 11.0
Potato chips 4.0 9.0
Which foods have the best value for body building?
A Bread and meat
B Bread and potato chips
C meat and eggs
D Meat and fish

7 What are the effects of lack of magnesium ions and nitrate ions to plant growth?
Lack of magnesium ions Lack of nitrate ions
A Leaves go yellow between the veins Unable to form enzymes
B Roots lack root hairs Overall growth stunted
C Unable to form amino acids Unable to form glucose
D Unable to form cellulose Oldest leaves bum yellow
8 The diagram below shows an experiment to investigate photosynthesis. The flask

containing leaf P had potassium hydroxide solution while the flask containing leaf Q had
water.
After exposing the potted plant to sunlight for 10 hours, leaf P had no starch while leaf Q
contained a lot of starch_ What does this show?
A leaf cannot make starch ...
A in a sealed flask.
B without carbon dioxide.
C without sunlight.
D without oxygen.
9 What do we call the type of symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits
from another species without either harming or benefiting that other species?
A Amensalism
B Commensalism
C Mutualism
D Parasitism

10 Which part of the tooth is the hardest?

A Cement B Dentine
C Enamel D Pulp cavity
11 The diagram below shows part of the alimentary canal in human beings.
Which of the labelled parts produces an acidic juice?
12 Gaseous exchange in an insect is mostly achieved by

A active transport.
B breathing.
C diffusion.
D osmosis.
13 Yeast, warm water and substance Z were put in a test-tube. The apparatus was then set
up as shown below. After a while„ the lime water began to go cloudy.
What is substance Z?
A Alcohol
B Carbon dioxide
C Glucose
D Oxygen

14 Which of the following is not a myth about HIV and AIDS? It is transmitted by ___
A casual shaking of hands.
B hugging.
C sexual intercourse.
D talking to infected people.
15 Roots of a seedling were placed in a solution containing red dye as shown below_
What was the path of the red dye after it had entered the roots?
A Phloem in root phloem in stem
B Phloem in root xylem in stem
C Xylem in root phloem in stem
D Xylem in root xylem in stem
16 Which component of blood helps it to absorb huge amounts of oxygen?

A Plasma protein
B Platelets
C Red blood cells
D White blood cells
17 The diagram below shows a, section through the human heart.

What happens to the valves R and S as blood leaves the right ventricle?
R S
A Closes Closes
B Closes Opens
C Opens Closes
D Opens Opens
18 The diagram below shows a simple dialysis machine.
The substance in blood at X which, should not be found in blood at Y Is

A amino acids.
B fatty acids.
C glucose.
D urea.
19 The graph shows the changes in blood sugar concentration during periods of rest and
light exercise.
Which of the following could have caused the change in blood sugar level between P and Q?

A Glucagon released by the liver.

B Glucose released by the liver.
C Glycogen released by the muscles.
D Insulin released by the pancreas.
20 The diagram below shows a reflex arc.
Which structure is a motor neurone?
21 The diagram below shows a section through the human brain.
Which part control balance and muscular coordination?
22 What is the function of the Eustachian tube in an ear?

A To direct excess sounds out of the ear.
B To equalize the air pressure on the ear drum
C To maintain the posture of the body
D To transmit sounds from the pharynx to the ear.

23 The following diagram shows the bones of a human arm.
What are the numbered bones?

1 2 3
A Humerus Radius Ulna
B Humerus Scapula Radius
C Scapula Hurry Radius
D Scapula Humerus Ulna
24 The following diagram shows invertebrates in a glass container and exposed to light.
Which response is exhibited by these Invertebrates?

A Negative phototaxis.
B Negative phototropism.
C Positive phototaxis.
D Positive phototropism.

25 The diagram below shows a seedling. Which part is the plumule?
26 In addition to suitable temperature, which other factors are necessary for seed
germination?
A Carbon dioxide and sunlight
B Mineral Ions only
C Sunlight only
D Water and oxygen
27 Which method of natural propagation is illustrated in the diagram below?
A forms
B Rhizomes
C Runners
D Sucker

28 The following diagram shows a longitudinal section of a flower. On which stricture

would pollen grains be deposited?
29 The diagram below shows two fruits_
How are these fruits dispersed?

W X
A Animals Animals
B Animals Wind
C Wind Animals
D Wind Wind
30 The diagram below shows the side view of a female reproductive system.
In which labelled part is the zygote formed?

31 The diagram below shows a calendar for March and April with four days shaded.
March April
S 7 14 21 28 4 11 18 25
M 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26
T 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27
W 3 10 17 24 31 7 14 21 28
T 4 11 18 25 1 8 15 22 29
F 5 12 19 26 2 9 16 23 30
S 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24
Menstruation for a woman started on March 14th. During which of the shaded days
was the lining of the uterus at its thickest and richest in blood vessels?
A March 10TH
B March 15TH
C March 24TH
D April 15TH
32 Which method of contraception is the most effective in preventing the spread of

diseases such as syphilis and AIDS?
A Diaphragm
B Male condom
C Oral contraceptive 0115
D Spermicides
33 Which of the following is obtained when a diploid cell undergoes meiosis?

A Genetically different diploid cells
B Genetically different haploid cells
A Genetically identical diploid cells
A Genetically identical diploid cells
34 A pure breeding tall plant was crossed with a pure breeding dwarf plant of the same
species. The resulting seeds were collected and grown to produce the next generation.
What were the approximate percentage of the tall and dwarf offspring?
% of tall offspring % of dwarf offspring
A 100 0
B 75 25
C 50 50
D 25 75

35 What is the correct order of arthropods, from those with the most legs to those with the
fewest legs?
A Arachnids crustaceans insects myriapods.
B Crustaceans myriapods insects arachnids.
C Insects arachnids myriapods crustaceans.
D Myriapods crustaceans arachnids insects,.
36 The fallowing diagram shows an experiment conducted to find the proportion of

ore component in a soil sample.
What component of the soil is being investigated?

A Air
B Humus
C Sand
D Water
37 Dung beetles lay their eggs in the dung of plant eating mammals like cattle. Both the
adult beetles and their young stages eat the undigested food in the dung. Which of the
following shows tills feeding relationship?

38 The diagram below shows part of a nitrogen cycle. Which of the processes labelled is
nitrification?
39 The diagram below shows four positions on a river where water samples were taken.
Which graph best describes the oxygen concentrations in the river?
40 Which of the following must be controlled to protect the habitat of an endangered

species?
A Decomposition
B Nitrogen fixation
C Pollution
D Rainfall

BIOLOGY 5090/1
Tuesday 30 JULY 2019

Time: 50 minutes
1 A learner was walking along a road when she saw an object under a tree. When the
learner touched the object, it rolled over and divided into two. Which characteristics of
living organisms did the object show?
A Excretion movement, nutrition
B Growth, reproduction, sensitivity
C Movement, reproduction, respiration
D Movement, reproduction, sensitivity
2 Which of the following correctly lists the path followed by the light beam from the mirror
to a viewer of the specimen under a microscope?
A Specimen objective lens barrel eye piece
B Specimen eye piece barrel objective lens
C Specimen barrel objective lens eye piece
D Eye Piece Specimen objective lens barrel
3 The diagram below shows a section through a leaf.

Which structure is an organ and which one is a tissue?

Organ Tissue
A P R
B P S
C Q R
D S Q
4 The table below shows conditions in four test tubes containing equal quantities of starch
and salivary amylase.
Test tube pH Temperature/ °C
1 2 27
2 2 37
3 7 27
4 7 37
In which test tube would the starch be broken down fastest?

A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
5 The table below shows some of the nutrients in four meals. Which meal will be the most
likely to stimulate peristalsis along the alimentary canal?
g/100g
Carbohydrates Fat Roughage Protein
A 18 12 8 25
B 30 32 2 12
C 38 4 22 10
D 40 15 10 5
6 Which of the following deficiency diseases results from consuming foods that lack
iodine?
A Anaemia
B Goitre
C Kwashiorkor
D Marasmus

7 Which macronutrient stimulates growth of flowers and twits in plants?

A Magnesium
B Nitrogen
C Phosphorus
D Potassium
8 The diagram shows a variegated leaf, partly covered as shown. The leaf was exposed to
light for four hours and then tested for starch.
Which regions will turn blue-black?

A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 2 and 4
D 2 and 3
9 The following is the dental formula of a dog:

3 1 4 2
𝐼 𝑐 𝑝𝑚 𝑚
3 1 4 3
How many incisors are in the mouth of this dog?
A 6
B 8
C 12
D 16

10 The diagram shows part of the human digestive system. What digestive juice flows
through the part labelled Q?
A Bile
B Gastric juice
C Intestinal juice
D Pancreatic juice
11 Which of the following can be caused by excessive drinking of alcohol?
A Emphysema
B Cirrhosis
C Hepatitis
D Hepatomegaly
12 What happens to the floor of the mouth and operculum during inspiration in fish?
Floor of mouth Mouth Operculum
A Lowered Open Closed
B Lowered Closed Closed
C Raised Closed Open
D Raised Closed Closed
13 Four flasks were sterilised and set up as shown.
Which flask will contain most alcohol after several hours?

14 Children under five years receive immunisation against measles.

What type of immunity do they develop after an injection against measles?
A Active/Natural
B Active/Artificial
C Passive/Natural
D Passive/Artificial
15 How is the rate of transpiration affected by decreasing temperature and light intensity?
Decreasing Decreasing light
temperature intensity
A Slower Slower
B Slower Faster
C Faster slower
D Faster Faster
16 The diagram below shows some cells from the mammalian blood.
Which of the above cells breaks down pathogens?
17 The diagram below shows a longitudinal section of the heart.
Which of the valves labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4 are dosed and which ones are open during
atrial systole.

Valves 1 and 2 Valves 3 and 4

A Closed Closed
B Closed Open
C Open Closed
D Open Open
18 The diagram below shows the human excretory system.
What is the function of part labelled X?

A To excrete urea
B To produce urea
C To produces urine
D To store urine
19 How does the skin maintain the body temperature at 371''C when a person moves from a
hot to a cold environment?
A Arterioles in skin constrict
B Arterioles in skin dilate
C Hairs on skin lie flat
D Skin produces sweat

Which one of the following is the correct sequence in the flow of an electrical impulse?
A P Q R S
B P R S Q
C Q R S P
D Q S P R
21 The following are some of the drugs used or abused by human beings.
1 alcohol
2 heroin
3 penicillin
Which of these drugs may be addictive, leading to possible withdraw symptoms when
their use is discontinued?
A 1 only
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
22 The diagram shows a section through a human eye.
Which structure contains the muscles which contract to produce a focused image
on the retina?
23 How are bones and cartilage similar?

A They are both rigid.
B They both act as shock absorbers.
C They both contain living cells,
D They both produce red blood cells.

24 The diagram below shows three shoots exposed to light coming from one direction.
How will these plant shoots look like after 48 hours?
25 The diagram below shows parts of a shoot tip.
Which of the parts labelled A, B, C or D is a region of cell elongation?

26 The following diagrams show the germination of broad bean seed, mustard seed and sun
flower seed.
What type of germination is shown by these seedlings?

Broad bean Mustard Sunflower
A Hypogeal Epigeal Epigeal
B Hypogeal Hypogeal Epigeal
C Epigeal Epigeal Hypogeal
D Epigeal Hypogeal Epigeal
27 Which of the following is a disadvantage of vegetative propagation?

A Plants are usually overcrowded,
B Plants are widely dispersed.
C Plant population grows slowly.
D Varieties of useful plants are kept unchanged.
28 The following shows a marigold fruit magnified three times,
The above fruit is dispersed by …

A animals.
B self-mechanism,
C water.
D wind,

29 The diagram shows the male reproductive and urinary systems,
Which structure produces the fluid part of semen?
30 A natural method of birth control assumes that sperm live for three days after sexual
intercourse, ovulation occurs between days 13-15 of the menstrual cycle and released
ova live for 36 hours.
On which clay of the cycle would sexual intercourse not result into pregnancy?
A Day?
B Day 10
C Day 12
D Day 16
31 The diagram shows a foetus in the uterus.
Which structures remove excretory products from the foetus?

A P and Q
B Q and R
C R and S
D S and P

32 What is the advantage of male circumcision?

A It prevents the spread of HIV and other TIs.
B It helps the man enjoy sex more.
C It prevents spread of cervical cancer.
D It helps the female enjoy sex more.
33 The following are examples of characteristics in humans.

1 Eye colour
2 Height
3 Body mass
4 Sex
Which of the above characteristics are examples of continuous variation?
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 2 and 3
D 3 and 4
34 A woman has blood group O. Her child also has blood group O.
What is the likely blood group genotype of the father to the child?
A IAIA
B I BI B
C IAIB
D IAIO
36 An experiment was carried out to investigate the drainage of soil samples from four
different fields. Equal amounts of soil and water were used. The diagrams show the
results of this investigation.
Which soil sample was day?

A 1 B 2
C 3 D 4

37 The diagram shows what happens to the energy that enters the atmosphere from
the sun.
How much of the sun's energy is not used for photosynthesis?

A less than 2% B about 32%
C about 66% D more than 98%
38 Plants and animals living in a particular area at a particular time are collectively called a ..
A community. B habitat.
C population. D species.
39 Which of the following is undertaken to minimise the pollution of the air from motor
vehicle exhaust fumes?
A Paying carbon tax B Stopping using vehicles
C Using air filters D Using catalytic converters
40 Which one of the following is not an economic reason for maintaining biodiversity?
A Charcoal production B Sources of food
C Sources of medicine D Tourist attraction


BIOLOGY 5090/1
Wednesday 13 NOVEMBER 2019

Time: 50 minutes
1 Which of the following is a list of characteristics common to all living organisms?

A Breathing, excretion, reproduction
B Growth, irritability, reproduction
C Hearing, respiration, excretion
D Reproduction, excretion, sight
2 The diagram shows a palisade cell of a leaf.
Which labelled part is selectively permeable?
3 In an osmosis experiment, four strips of potatoes each 5cm long, were left in salt
solutions of different concentration. The table below shows the lengths of the strips after
one hour.
Salt Length of strips after
solution 60 minutes
A 4.5cm
B 4.8cm
C 5.0cm
D 5.3cm
Which of the salt solutions A, B, C or D above was the least concentrated?

4 What are enzymes made of?

A Carbohydrates
B DNA
C Fats
D Proteins
5 A sample of food mixed with water was tested to find out its contents. The results are
shown in the table below.
Test Result
Iodine solution added Yellow colour
Benedict's solution added and mixture heated Brick-red precipitate
Shaken with ethanol White emulsion
Biuret reagent added Blue colour
Which nutrients were present in the food sample?

A Fat and reducing sugar
B Fat and starch
C Protein only
D Reducing sugar only
6 Poor nutrition can lead to a condition called Rickets in which bones fail to develop
properly. Which food would be best to prevent the occurrence of rickets in growing
children?
Food Calcium Iron Vitamin C Vitamin D
A ✓ X ✓ X
B ✓ X X ✓
C X ✓ ✓ X
D X ✓ X ✓
Key
✓ = nutrient present
X = nutrient absent
7 Which of the following plant nutrients is used for making chlorophyll?

A Boron
B Calcium
C Magnesium
D Potassium

In which part A, B, C or D above would the most photosynthesis occur on a sunny day?
9 The following statements describe stages in saprophytic nutrition in Rhizopus.

1 Rhizopus secrete enzymes
2 Rhizopus grow into substrate
3 Enzymes digest food nutrients
4 Small molecules are absorbed and passed into mycelium
5 Small soluble molecules are produced
Which of the following shows the correct sequence of the stages?
A 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B 1, 3, 2, 4, 5
C 2, 1, 3, 5, 4
D 2, 3, 1, 4, 5
10 The diagram below shows types of teeth in a human being.
Which of the above types of teeth are used for grinding?

A 1 and 3
B 1 and 4
C 2 and 3
D 2 and 4

11 The diagram shows the structure of a villus.
Which substance is absorbed into the part labelled X?

A Amino acids
B Fatty acids and glycerol
C Fructose
D Glucose
12 Which of the following correctly identifies features present in gaseous exchange

surfaces?
Large surface Moist Thick wall
area
A ✓ ✓ x
B ✓ x ✓
C x ✓ ✓
D ✓ ✓ ✓
Key
✓ = present
X = absent
13 Which of the following correctly shows the difference between aerobic and
anaerobic respiration in animals?
Aerobic respiration Anaerobic Respiration
A Releases less energy Releases more energy
B Uses oxygen Uses carbon dioxide
C Produces lactic acid Produces alcohol
D Produces carbon dioxide and water Produces lactic acid
14 Which of the following is not a cause of stigma to people living with l-IIV and AIDS?
A Fear of death
B Lack of support groups
C Myth about origin of HIV and AIDS
D Sensitisation of community

15 The diagram shows sections through the stern and root of a dicotyledonous plant.
Which labelled structures conduct water and mineral salts through the stem and root?
A E and J
B F and M
C G and M
D H and L
16 The diagram shows the longitudinal section of
Which two chambers contract at the same time?

A P ancl
B P and S
C Q and S
D Q and R
17 The diagram represents a tissue with an adjacent capillary.

What substances are represented by arrows 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3
A Glucose Oxygen Carbon dioxide
B Glucose Tissue fluid Carbon dioxide
C Oxygen Carbon dioxide Tissue fluid
D Tissue fluid Glucose Oxygen
18 Which of the following correctly identifies substances dissolved in the urine of a

healthy person?
Glucose Protein Salts Urea
A X X X ✓
B X X ✓ ✓
C ✓ X ✓ ✓
D ✓ ✓ X X
Key
✓ = present
X = absent
19 During a long distance race, the body temperature of an athlete begins to rise.
Which changes occur to help return the body temperature to normal?
Sweating Blood vessel in the skin
A Decreases Constrict
B Decreases Dilate
C Increases Constrict
D Increases Dilate
20 What is the effect of insulin in the human body?

A It decreases cell respiration.
B It decreases absorption of glucose by cells.
C It increases excretion of glucose.
D It increases synthesis of glycogen.

21 The diagram shows a section of the human brain.
Which part controls breathing rate and regulates blood pressure?
22 The diagram shows a section through a human eye. Which labelled structure
contains cells that are sensitive to light?
23 Which part of the skeleton of an insect is made of living cells?

A Cuticle
B Epicuticle
C Epidermis
D Procuticle
24 The diagram shows a plant shoot and small invertebrates responding to a

stimulus.

Which responses are shown by these organisms?

Plant shoot Invertebrates
A Negative photo taxis Positive phototropism
B Negative phototropism Positive photo taxis
C Positive photo taxis Negative phototropism
D Positive phototropism Negative photo taxis
25 The diagram shows the structure of a been seed.
Which of the labelled parts make up the embryo?

A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 2 and 3
D 3 and
26 Which of the following factors are necessary for germination to
A Carbon dioxide, oxygen and suitable temperature
B Chlorophyll, light and mineral salts
C Oxygen, suitable temperature and water
D Soil particles, mineral salts and oxygen
27 The following processes occur during reproduction in a plant.
1 The male nucleus fuses with the female nucleus.
2 The male nucleus is released from the pollen tube,
3 The male nucleus travels down the pollen tube.
4 The pollen grain grows a pollen tube.
In which order do these processes occur?
First ------------------> Last
A 3 4 1 2
B 3 4 2 1
C 4 3 1 2
D 4 3 2 1

28 Which of the following represents the correct order in a frog's

A Eggs, tadpole, froglet, frog
B Eggs, froglet, tadpole, frog
C Froglett eggs, frog, tadpole
B Frogiet, tadpole, frog, eggs
29 The diagram shows the male reproductive and urinary systems-
Which structure produces the hormone testosterone?
30 The diagram shows a 28-day menstrual cycle in a woman.
Menstruation Ovulation Menstruation
1 7 14 21 28
During which days would the woman be most fertile and least fertile?
Most fertile Least fertile
A 1–7 14 – 21
B 7 – 14 21 — 28
C 14— 21 1—7
D 21— 28 7 – 14

31 The diagram shows a foetus in the uterus.
Which statement is true? The part labelled

A 1 prevents nicotine and alcohol from diffusing to the foetus.
B 2 spreads pressure evenly around the foetus.
C 3 provides oxygen and nutrients for the foetus.
D 4 holds the foetus in place in the uterus.
32 The table below shows the average pregnancy rates among couples using different
methods of birth control.
Birth control method Average number of pregnancies per1000 couples per year
Condom 55
Contraceptive pill 4
Rhythm method 125
Spermicide 80
Which type of birth control is the least reliable?
A Chemical B Hormonal
C Mechanical D Natural
33 A couple has three children. The table shows some of the characteristics of their children.
Child Sex Blood group Sickle Cell/Normal
1 Male B Sickle cell
2 Female AB Normal
3 Male 0 Normal
What type(s) of variation do these characteristics show?
A Continuous variation only
B Discontinuous variation only
C Both continuous and discontinuous variation
D Neither continuous nor discontinuous variation

34 In a certain plant, the allele for white fruit, B, is dominant over the allele for yellow fruit,
b. A white-fruited plant was crossed with a yellow-fruited plant. About half of the
offspring were white-fruited and the other half were yellow-fruited.
Which genotypes did the parent plants have?
A bb and bb B Bb and bb
C BB and bb D BB and Bb
35 Sex in humans is determined by X and Y chromosomes inherited from parents.

Which of the following shows the correct chromosome inherited from the father and
from the mother?
Sex of child Chromosome Chromosome
from father from mother
A Male X Y
B Male Y X
C Female X Y
D Female Y X
36 The table shows the number of animals collected in a sample from some woodland and
the classes to which they belong.
Animal class Number in sample
Annelida 8
Arachinida 10
Insecta 80
Mollusca 40
Mynicipoda 7
Nematoda 15
How many arthropods were collected?
A 33 B 97
C 120 D 160
37 A 200g sample of fresh soil was heated at the boiling point of water until a constant soil
mass of 140g was reached. Then the soil was further heated strongly (roasted) until a
second constant mass of 100g was reached. What was the percentage of water and
humus in the fresh soil sample?
% humus % water
A 10 20
B 20 30
C 30 50
D 50 70

38 The diagram below shows a food web.
Which organisms would increase in number if the number of snakes increases?

A Birds
B Grasshoppers
C Lizards
D Squirrels
39 The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle,
Which letter represents photosynthesis?
40 The diagram shows some of the effects of human activity on a river.
Which human activity would have caused these effects?

A Cutting down of trees near rivers.
B Discharge of raw sewage into river.
C Releasing of sulphur dioxide to the air from a nearby factory.
D Spraying of weed killers on farms near the river.


BIOLOGY 5090/1
2020
Time: 50 minutes Marks: 40 marks
1 Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living organisms?

A Excretion
B Photosynthesis
C Reproduction
D Respiration
2 The diagram below shows a mesophyll cell of a leaf.
Which labelled structures are not found in liver cells of a human being?
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 4
C 1 and 5
D 3 and 5
3 The diagram below shows an experiment to demonstrate the movement of molecules.

After one hour, the water in the beaker turned red. What is the most likely reason for
this colour change? Molecules of ...
A red ink move through the membrane by diffusion.
B red ink move through the membrane by osmosis.
C water move through the membrane by diffusion.
D water move through the membrane by osmosis.
4 The graph below shows the effects of pH on a particular enzyme controlled

reaction.
At which point is the enzyme not active?

A At pH 1 and pH 13
B At pH 3 and pH 11
C At pH 5 and pH 9
D At pH 7
5 Which of the following food nutrients would produce a purple colour when mixed with
biuret reagent?
A Fat
B Protein
C Reducing sugar
D Starch
6 Which of the following correctly identifies disorders caused by lack of vitamin C,
roughage and protein?
Vitamin C Roughage Protein
A Anaemia Scurvy Marasmus
B Anaemia Constipation Marasmus
C Scurvy Anaemia Kwashiorkor
D Scurvy Constipation Kwashiorkor

7 Which of the following plant nutrients keeps cell membranes healthy?

A Boron
B Calcium
C Magnesium
D Potassium
8 The diagram below shows a section through a leaf. Which cell type absorbs the most
carbon dioxide during the day?
9 The diagram shows a Rhizopus.
What is the part labelled X?

A Hyphae
B Sporangiophore
C Sporangium
D Stolon
10 The following is the dental formula of a dog.

3 1 4 2
𝑖: , 𝑐: , 𝑝𝑚: , 𝑚:
3 1 4 3
How many molar teeth are there in the upper jaw of this dog?
A 2
B 3
C 4
D 6
11 The diagram below shows part of the human digestive system.
Which of the organs A, B, Cr or D carries out deamination of excess amino acids?
12 Which of the following correctly identifies parts of the respiratory system where gaseous
exchange occurs in humans, fish and insects?
In humans In fish In insects
A Alveoli Gills Tracheoles
B Alveoli Operculum Spiracles
C Nostrils Gills Tracheoles
D Nostrils Operculum Spiracles
13 What is produced during anaerobic respiration in yeast?

Lactic acid Carbon dioxide
A ✓ ✓
B ✓ X
C X ✓
D X X
KEY
✓ = Produced
X = Not Produced
14 Which of the following is a pathogenic disease?
A Cholera B Coronary heart disease
C Sickle cell anaemia D Scurvy
15 Which conditions of humidity, light intensity and temperature below make transpiration
rate highest?
Humidity % Light intensity Temperature/°C
A 10 High 20
B 10 Low 5
C 80 High 5
D 80 Low 20
16 Which of the following components is responsible for the clotting of blood?

A Erythrocytes
B Lymphocytes
C Phagocytes
D Platelets
17 The diagram below shows the human circulatory system.
Which of the parts A, B, C, or D carries oxygenated blood at lower pressure?
18 The table below shows the percentage composition of some chemicals found in blood
entering the kidney of a healthy person.
Chemical Composition in blood
entering kidney/ %
Glucose 0.10
Protein 8.00
Urea 0.03
What is the percentage composition of the above chemicals in the urine of the healthy
person?
Glucose Protein Urea
A 0.00 0.00 2.00
B 0.00 4.00 0.00
C 0.10 8.00 2.00
D 1.00 4.00 0.03

19 The graph shows the air temperature and body temperature during a 24 hour period.
Which mechanism may help to maintain the body temperature between 18 00 hours and
24 00 hours?
A Decrease in metabolic rate
B Evaporation of water in the sweat
C Vasoconstriction of arterioles near the skin surface
D Vasodilation of arterioles near the skin surface
20 The diagram shows the endocrine glands in a human being.
Which hormones are produced by glands R, S and T?

R S T
A ADH Adrenaline Insulin
B ADH Insulin Adrenaline
C Insulin Adrenaline ADH
D Insulin ADH Adrenaline

21 The diagram below shows a reflex arc.
What is the correct order of passage of nerve impulses after the knee is tapped?
A 1 2 3 4
B 1 4 2 3
C 4 1 2 3
D 4 3 2 1
22 What role do the ciliary muscles, suspensory ligaments and lens play to focus a nearby
object?
Ciliary Suspensory Lens shape
Muscles Ligaments
A Contract loosen become fat
B Contract tighten becomes fat
C Relax loosen becomes thin
D Relax tighten becomes thin
23 Which of the following correctly identifies the type and composition of the skeleton
of an insect?
Type Composition
A Endo skeleton Cartilage
B Endo skeleton Keratin
C Exo skeleton Chitin
D Exo skeleton Protein

24 In an experiment to investigate phototropism, a plant shoot is grown withfight

coming from one side only.
Which region has the greatest growth after two days?
25 Which environmental condition is not essential for the germination of seeds?

A Availability of light
B Availability of oxygen
C Availability of water
D Suitable temperature
26 The diagram below shows a type of asexual reproduction in bacteria.
What type of asexual reproduction is illustrated above?

A Binary fission
B Budding
C Fragmentation
D Spore formation
27 The diagram shows a plant that is producing small plantlets.

Which statement about the plantlets is correct? They are ...

A genetically different from the parent plant.
B genetically identical to the parent plant.
C produced as a result of the fusion of nuclei.
D produced by fertilising the flowers.
28 Flowers show adaptation to wind or insect pollination. Which of the following

adaptions are found in a wind pollinated flower?
Anthers Nectary Petals Stigma
A Firmly attached present brightly coloured inside flower
B Firmly attached present dull coloured outside flower
C Loosely attached absent brightly coloured inside flower
D Loosely attached absent dull coloured outside flower
29 Which method of fruit dispersal occurs in coconut plants?

A Animal
B Self
C Water
D Wind
30 The diagram below shows the male reproductive system.
Which part produces testosterone?
31 Which structure is involved in the transfer of dissolved nutrients f%-.:77 the mother
to the foetus?
A Kidney
B Liver
C Placenta
D Stomach

32 Which of the following methods of contraception works by inhibiting the

production of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) in the pituitary gland?
A Condoms
B Contraceptive pill
C Intra-Uterine Device
D Vasectomy
33 Which of the following characteristics is an example of discontinuous variation in

humans?
A Height
B Length of foot
C Tongue rolling
D Weight
34 A couple produces a child who is an albino. Albinism is a condition in which skin

pigment is not made. What is the chance that their next child will be an albino?
A 0%
B 25%
C 50%
D 100%
35 Which of the following four vertebrates in the table is a reptile?

Scaly skin Hair Four limbs Tail
A ✓ X ✓ ✓
B ✓ ✓ X ✓
C X X ✓ X
D X Y ✓ ✓
KEY
✓ = Present
X = Absent
36 Which of the following soil types has the highest nutrient content?
A Clay
B Loam
C Sand
D Silt

37 The diagram shows a pyramid of biomass for all organisms in an ecosystem.
Which organisms are carnivores?

A P and Q
B P and R
C Q and R
D R and S
38 The diagram below represents the carbon cycle.
What process is represented by letter X?

A Combustion
B Feeding
C Photosynthesis
D Respiration
39 Over use of fertiliser on huge farms near water bodies cause the chemical in the fertiliser to be
wasted into ponds and lakes. This causes eutrophication resulting in the following events:
1 algae bloom
2 fish dying
3 massive growth of bacteria
4 oxygen depletion
In which order do these events occur?
A 1 3 4 2
B 1 4 3 2
C 3 4 2 1
D 4 1 2 3
40 Which activity will be least likely to lead to the extinction of species?
A Conservation
B Deforestation
C Use of herbicides
D Use of pesticides


BIOLOGY 5090/1
2020
Time: 50 minutes Marks: 40
1 A living organism absorbs glucose, releases energy in its cells and then passes out carbon
dioxide to the atmosphere.
Which characteristics of living things are described in the statement above?
Excretion Growth Nutrition Respiration Irritability
A ✓ X ✓ ✓ X
B ✓ ✓ X ✓ X
C ✓ ✓ ✓ X ✓
D X X ✓ ✓ ✓
Key
✓ Yes
X No
2 Three cell structures are listed below.

1 — Cell wall
2 — Cytoplasm
3 — Nucleus
Which structures are found in both palisade cells and liver cells?
A 1 and 2
B 1 only
C 2 and 3
D 3 only

3 The diagram below shows a piece of visking tubing containing starch suspension, held in
a beaker of pure water. Saliva was added to the starch and the experiment was left for
two hours.
What does this experiment show?

A Saliva is a solvent for starch.
B Saliva passes through the visking tubing.
C Starch can be changed to sugar.
D Starch is soluble in pure water.
4 Which of the following is true about all enzymes?
They are Effective at one reaction Each
sugars pH7 enzyme catalyses
A x ✓ ✓
B x x ✓
C ✓ x x
D ✓ ✓ x
Key
✓ Yes
X No
5 Chemical tests were carried out on a food sample in solution. The table below shows the
results.
Test Result
Biuret Purple colour
Ethanol White emulsion
Iodine Brown colour
What did the food sample contain?
Fat Protein Starch Fat
A ✓ ✓ ✓
B ✓ ✓ x
C ✓ x ✓
D x ✓ ✓
Key
✓ Present
x Absent

6 The table below shows the mass of some nutrients found in 100g of four different foods.
Food Carbohydrate/g Fat/g Protein/g Vitamin Vitamin
C/mg D/mg
Beans 10.0 0.4 5.0 3.0 0.0
Bread 48.0 1.5 9.0 0.0 0.0
Cheese 0.0 34.0 25.0 0.0 0.4
Eggs 0.0 11.0 13.0 0.0 1.5
Which foods would best prevent rickets and scurvy?

Rickets Scurvy
A Beans Bread
B Bread Cheese
C Cheese Eggs
D Eggs Beans
7 Which of the following people needs the most energy daily?

A Male manual worker
B Pregnant woman
C 14-year-old teenage boy
D 8-year-old girl
8 Which mineral nutrient is required by plants for proper formation of roots?

A Magnesium
B Nitrogen
C Phosphorus
D Potassium
9 The diagram below shows an arrangement of apparatus for an experiment on

photosynthesis left in sunlight for five hours. The leaf was then tested for starch.

After the experiment, what were the colours of the regions X, Y and Z?
X Y Z
A Blue-black Blue-black Brown
B Blue-black Brown white
C Brown White Blue-black
D Blue- black Brown Brown
10 The dental formula of a certain carnivore is:

3 1 1 2
𝑖: , 𝑐: , 𝑝𝑚 , 𝑚:
3 1 2 1
What is the total number of teeth in the lower jaw of this carnivore?
A 7
B 14
C 28
D 32
11 The diagram below shows part of the alimentary canal.
Which two structures produce substances involved in the digestion of lipids?

A 1 and 5
B 2 and 3
C 3 and 4
D 4 and 5
12 The diagram shows the structure of a gill.

What are the functions of the parts labelled X and Y?

X Y
A For attachment For gaseous exchange
B For gaseous exchange To remove solid particles
C To remove solid particles For attachment
D To remove solid particles For gaseous exchange
13 Which substances are produced in muscles by aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration
A Carbon dioxide and water Ethanol
B Carbon dioxide and water Lactic acid
C Lactic acid Ethanol
D Lactic acid Carbon dioxide and water
14 Below is a list of signs and symptoms of a disease.

1 Severe diarrhoea
2 Dehydration
3 Abdominal pain
4 Nausea
5 Vomiting
Which disease is characterised by the above signs and symptoms?
A Bilharzia
B Cholera
C Malaria
D Tuberculosis
15 The diagram shows a cross section through the root of a plant.
Which tissue transports water and mineral salts to different parts of the plants?

16 The diagrams show three types of blood cells.
Which of these cells produces antibodies, engulfs bacteria and are involved in blood
clotting?
Engulfs Involved in blood Produces
bacteria clotting antibodies
A P Q R
B P R Q
C Q P R
D Q R P
17 The diagram shows a longitudinal section through a mammalian heart.
Which labelled blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood?
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 2 and 4
D 3 and 4

18 The diagram shows part of the excretory system of a mammal.
What are the numbered structures?

1 2 3 4
A Bladder Ureter Kidney Urethra
B Bladder Urethra Kidney Ureter
C Kidney Ureter Bladder Urethra
D Kidney Urethra Bladder Ureter
19 Where is the hormone insulin produced and what is its site of action?
Site of production Site of action
A Adrenal glands Liver
B Adrenal glands Body muscles
C Pancreas Liver
D Pancreas Ileum
20 A conditioned reflex differs from a spinal reflex because the conditioned reflex…
A does not involve nerves.
B does not involve the brain.
C has been modified by past experience.
D is faster.

21 The diagram below shows a section of the human brain. Which of the labelled parts is
responsible for memory?
22 Which part of the ear transmits vibrations from the outer ear to the inner ear?
A Cochlea
B Eustachian tube
C Ossicles
D Pinna
23 The diagram below shows muscles and bones of the upper arm.
Which of the following correctly identifies bones P and Q and muscle R?

P Q R
A Humerus Radius Biceps
B Radius Humerus Triceps
C Radius Ulna Triceps
D Ulna Humerus Biceps

24 An experiment was carried out to investigate growth response in a maize seedling as

shown in the diagram below.
What type of response was being investigated above?

A Negative geotropism
B Negative phototropism
C Positive geotropism
D Positive phototropism
25 The diagram below shows differentiated cells.
Which of the cells A, B, C and D above are the parenchyma cells?

26 The diagram shows two germinating seeds.
What type of germination is illustrated in P and Q?

P Q
A Epigeal Epigeal
B Epigeal Hypogeal
C Hypogeal Epigeal
D Hypogeal Hypogeal
27 Which of the following asexual methods of reproduction is used in propagating sweet

potatoes?
A Rhizomes
B Root tubers
C Stem tubers
D Suckers
28 After a plant has produced flowers, which of the following is the correct sequence of
events that follow?
A Fertilisation ----> pollination --------> seed formation
B Pollination ----> fertilisation --------> seed formation
C Seed formation ------> fertilisation ----> pollination
D Seed formation -----> pollination ------> fertilisation
29 Which of the following is an important reason for seed dispersal?

A It causes the development of a fruit.
B It makes seeds more fertile.
C It prevents asexual reproduction.
D It reduces competition between seedlings.
30 Which of the following causes of infertility results from having multiple sexual partners?
A Blocked oviduct
B Fibroids
C Ovulation disorders
D Sexually transmitted infections
31 The diagram below shows a developing foetus in the uterus. Where does foetal blood
become oxygenated?
32 Which of the following birth control methods can affect the secretion of the Follicle
Stimulating Hormone (FSH) in the pituitary gland?
A Intra-uterine device
B Oral contraceptive pill
C Rhythm method
D Tubal ligation
33 Which of the following results from meiosis?

A Asexual reproduction
B Growth of stems and roots
C Production of gametes
D Repair of tissues/cells
34 The genotype of a human albino is recessive. Two normal parents have an albino child.
What is the percentage of their next child also being an albino?
A 25%
B 50%
C 75%
D 100%

35 The diagram shows organisms which belong to the phylum arthropoda.
Which classes do these organisms belong to?

Arachnida Crustecea Insecta
A X Y Z
B X Z Y
C Y X Z
D Y Z X
36 Which of the following correctly identifies the causes of loss of soil fertility?
Late
Deforestation burning Leaching Weeding
A ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
B ✓ ✓ ✓ X
C X X ✓ ✓
D ✓ X ✓ X
Key
✓ Yes
X No
37 The diagram below shows a food chain.
At which points labelled P, Q and R is energy lost?

A P only
B P and Q only
C Q and R only
D P, Q and R
38 Which of the following factors increases the size of a population?
A Bush fire
B Emigration
C Over harvesting
D Urbanisation

39 The diagram shows part of the water cycle.
Which of the following returns most water to the atmosphere?
A Evaporation from the sea and lakes

B Respiration from animals
C Respiration from plants
D Transpiration
40 Which of the following can lead to global warming?

Burning of
Deforestation fossil fuels
A ✓ ✓
B ✓ X
C X ✓
D X X
Key
✓ Yes
X No

BIOLOGY PAPER 1 – 2021 Page 1 of 15
1 Which of the following characteristics of living organisms is common to
both plants and animals?
A Growth
B Locomotion
C Saprophytic nutrition
D Vegetative propagation
2 The diagram below shows a compound light microscope.
Which of the labelled parts holds and turns the objective lenses into
position?
3 Which row shows the features found in both plant and animal cells?
Chloroplast Cytoplasm Nucleus Ribosomes Cell wall
A √ √ √ X X
B √ X √ √ √
C X √ √ √ √
D X √ √ √
Key
√= Feature present
X = Feature absent
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4 The graph shows the effect of temperature on enzyme activity.
Which labelled point correctly indicates the optimum temperature?
5 The table shows the concentration of glucose and starch in an onion.

Total glucose g/100g Total starch g/100g
4.0 0.0
The onion was tested with Benedict’s solution and Iodine solution.
Which set of results were obtained?
Benedict’s solution Iodine solution
A Blue Blue – black
B Blue Brown
C Brick – red Blue – black
D Brick – red Brown
6 Which of the following kinds of people need a lot of energy in their

diet?
A Aged
B Lactating women
C Sportsmen
D Youths
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7 Nitrogen is a macro nutrient in plants which is used for the formation
of ….
A Cellulose.
B Fats.
C Proteins.
D Vitamins.
8 The diagram is an experimental set up to show that light energy is

needed for Photosynthesis. The set up was left in sunlight for 12 hours.
Then the leaf was tested for the presence of starch.
Which part of the leaf did not contain starch after 12 hours?
9 The diagram shows the structure of Rhizopus. Which or the labeled

parts is the stolon
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10 The diagram shows the longitudinal section of a molar tooth.
What is part S called?

A Cement
B Dentine
C Enamel
D Pulp cavity
11 What are the ailments associated with the large intestine?

Appendicitis Cholera Dysentery Diabetes
A √ √ √ √
B √ √ √ X
C X X √ √
D √ X X √
Key
√= Ailments associated with the large intestine
X = Ailments not associated with the large intestine
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12 The diagram shows gaseous exchange in the alveolus.
Which of the following correctly represents the gases X and Y?

Gas X Gas Y
A Carbon dioxide Oxygen
B Nitrogen Oxygen
C Oxygen Carbon dioxide
D Oxygen Nitrogen
13 Which of the following is an application of respiration ?

A Fractional distillation
B Glucose production
C Sewage treatment
D Water treatment
14 What type of immunity is associated with BCG vaccination against

Tuberculosis?
A Artificial active immunity
B Artificial passive immunity
C Natural active immunity
D Natural passive immunity
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15 Which conditions are needed for a blood clot to form when a person
cuts oneself?
Calcium Platelets Fibrinogen White Blood
ions Cells
A √ √ X √
B √ √ √ X
C X √ √ X
D X X √ √
Key
√ =Needed
X Not needed
16 The diagram shows an external View of the human heart
What is the name of the blood vessel labelled X?

A Coronary artery
B Pulmonary artery
C Pulmonary vein
D Vena cava
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17 The diagram shows the Circulatory system.
Name the blood vessels labelled J and K?
J K
A Hepatic artery Hepatic vein
B Hepatic portal vein Mesenteric artery
C Hepatic vein Hepatic artery
D Renal vein Renal artery
18 In which part of the kidney does ultrafiltration occur?

A Bowman’s capsule
B Glomerulus
C Loop of Henle
D Renal tubule
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19 What changes are likely to occur when a hotel cook moves from a very
cold store room into a hot kitchen?
Sweating Shivering Skin blood
vessels
A Decreases Decreases Constrict
B Decreases Increases Dilate
C Increases Decreases Dilate
D Increases Increases Constrict
20 Which of the following shows the correct match between the hormone
and its effects?
Hormone Effect
A Adrenaline Decreases the heart rate
B Glucagon Reduces the blood sugar concentration
C Insulin Increases the blood glucose concentration
D Thyroxine Controls basal metabolic rate
What are the structures labelled J, K and L?

J K L
A Effector Motor neurone Sensory neurone
B Motor neurone Receptor Effector
C Motor neurone Sensory neurone Receptor
D Motor neurone Relay neurone Sensory neurone
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22 The diagram shows a section through the human eye.
Which structure contains the muscles which contract to produce a

focused image on the retina?
23 Which of the following is correct about the exoskeleton? It is….

A Inside the body and made of calcium deposits.
B Inside the body and made of chitin.
C Outside the body and made of calcium deposits.
D Outside the body and made of chitin.
24 Which or the following statements or behaviour of living organisms can

be referred to as negative taxism?
A Cockroaches moving away from light.
B Earthworms moving towards chemicals.
C Plants growing away from light.
D Termites flying towards light.
25 The diagram shows the structure of a maize seed.
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What are the parts labelled X, Y and Z?
X Y Z
A Coleorhiza Plumule Testa
B Cotyledon Radicle Coleorhiza
C Plumule Cotyledon Testa
D Radicle Testa Coleorhiza
26 The diagram shows the structure of Mucor.
What type of asexual reproduction is demonstrated in the diagram?

A Binary fission
B Budding
C Fragmentation
D Spore formation
27 Which of the following is not an advantage of vegetative propagation?

A Cheap
B Genetic stability
C Overcrowding
D Plants mature faster
LAURENT MUSONDA – 0954482350 / 0965038377 / 0974794056

28 The diagram shows a longitudinal section of a pistil (carpel) of a flower.
Which part receives pollen during pollination?
29 The diagram shows a dandelion fruit.
How is this fruit dispersed and what adaptive feature enables it to be

dispersed in that manner?
Type of dispersal Adaptive feature
A Animal Presence of hooks
B Animal Edible flesh
C Wind Having parachute
D Water Impervious pericarp
LAURENT MUSONDA – 0954482350 / 0965038377 / 0974794056

30 Which part of the male reproductive system produces the hormone
testosterone
A Epididymis
B Penis
D Sperm duct
D Testis
31 The diagram shows the changes that occur to the uterus during the
the menstrual cycle.
Which or the following shows the times (in days) when ovulation and
menstruation are likely to occur?
Likely ovulation days Menstruation occurs
A 10 – 27 13 – 15
B 10 – 27 25 – 28
C 13 – 15 1–4
D 22 – 25 1–4
32 Which method of birth control works by preventing an ovum from

being released?
A Condom
B Oral contraceptive pills
C Rhythm method
D Vasectomy
LAURENT MUSONDA – 0954482350 / 0965038377 / 0974794056

33 Which cells in the human body are produced by meiosis?
A Muscle cells
B Nerve cells
C Sperm cells
D White blood cells
34 Which cross is likely to result in a 3:1 ratio of a phenotype controlled

by a dominant allele T and recessive allele t?
A TT x tt
B Tt x Tt
C Tt x TT
D Tt x tt
35 The diagram shows an arthropod.
To which class does this organism belong?
A Chilopoda
B Diplopoda
C Pauropoda
D Symphyla
LAURENT MUSONDA – 0954482350 / 0965038377 / 0974794056

36 An experiment to investigate one property of soil was set up as shown.
Each thin glass tube was filled with the same amount of a different
type of soil and stood in water for two hours.
What property of the soil samples was being investigated?

A Air content
B Capillarity
C Drainage
D Water retention
37 Which of the following correctly identifies biotic factors, abiotic factors

and a population?
Abiotic Biotic A population

A Cow Air 100 Impalas
B Goat Water 10 Lions and 200 Pigs
C Rocks Zebra 250 hectares of grass
D River Rabbits 50 Grass hoppers
LAURENT MUSONDA – 0954482350 / 0965038377 / 0974794056

38 The diagram shows a food web. In one particular year, a swarm of
locusts invaded and Ravaged the area.
What could have happened to the population of Baboons and Impalas?

Population of Population of
Baboons Impalas
A Increase Increase
B Increase Reduce
C Reduce Increase
D Reduce Reduce
39 In the carbon cycle, which two processes add carbon to the

atmosphere?
A Combustion and respiration
B Decomposition and fossilisation
C Feeding and fossilisation
D Photosynthesis and respiration
40 Which of the following is the correct reason for conserving plant

species? To….
A Absorb oxygen from the air.
B Decrease rainfall.
C Obtain medicine from them.
D Release carbon dioxide into the air.
LAURENT MUSONDA – 0954482350 / 0965038377 / 0974794056

COMPILED BY MR MUSONDA LAURENT

CALL / WHTSAPP: 0965038377 OR CALL/TEXT: 0974794056
EMAIL: laurentmsnd@gmail.com
ANSWERS FOR BIOLOGY PAPER 1 - 2015
1. B 6. C 11. D 16. B 21. A 26. B 31. B 36. D
2. A 7. C 12. D 17. B 22. A 27. C 32. D 37. B
3. C 8. B 13. D 18. C 23. D 28. B 33. C 38. B
4. D 9. C 14. D 19. D 24. B 29. C 34. D 39. C
5. A 10. C 15. C 20. D 25. A 30. B 35. C 40. A
ANSWERS FOR BIOLOGY PAPER 1 – 2016 G.C.E
1. B 6. C 11. B 16. A 21. B 26. C 31. D 36. C
2. A 7. B 12. C 17. B 22. A 27. B 32. D 37. D
3. D 8. A 13. D 18. D 23. C 28. B 33. B 38. D
4. C 9. D 14. C 19. D 24. C 29. C 34. A 39. D
5. D 10. C 15. A 20. D 25. A/B 30. C 35. A 40. B
1. A 6. D 11. D 16. C 21. D 26. B 31. A 36. C
2. C 7. C 12. D 17. C 22. C 27. D 32. C 37. B
3. B 8. B 13. C 18. A 23. B 28. A 33. A 38. C
4. B 9. C 14. D 19. A 24. A 29. D 34. A 39. D
5. C 10. D 15. B 20. D 25. B 30. B 35. C 40. C

1. A 6. C 11. B 16. D 21. A 26. D 31. C 36. A
2. B 7. A 12. D 17. D 22. D 27. B 32. C 37. A
3. C 8. D 13. D 18. B 23. D 28. B 33. C 38. C
4. C 9. B 14. D 19. D 24. B 29. C 34. C 39. B
5. D 10. D 15. C 20. C 25. B 30. B 35. B 40. A
1. A 6. C 11. B 16. A 21. D 26. A 31. D 36. B
2. D 7. D 12. A 17. A 22. C 27. A 32. B 37. D
3. A 8. B 13. C 18. A 23. B 28. C 33. D 38. D
4. A 9. D 14. D 19. A 24. C 29. B 34. C 39. B
5. D 10. C 15. D 20. B 25. C 30. D 35. B 40. C
ANSWERS FOR BIOLOGY PAPER 1 – 2018
1. A 6. D 11. B 16. C 21. C 26. D 31. C 36. A

2. A 7. A 12. C 17. C 22. B 27. C 32. B 37. D
3. C 8. B 13. C 18. D 23. D 28. A 33. B 38. D
4. C 9. B 14. C 19. A 24. A 29. C 34. B 39. C
5. D 10. C 15. D 20. B 25. A 30. B 35. D 40. C
1. D 6. B 11. B 16. B 21. C 26. D 31. B 36. C

2. A 7. D 12. A 17. B 22. B 27. A 32. C 37. D
3. A 8. C 13. D 18. D 23. C 28. A 33. C 38. A
4. D 9. C 14. B 19. A 24. B 29. C 34. D 39. D
5. C 10. D 15. A 20. B 25. B 30. A 35. D 40. B

1. A 6. B 11. B 16. A 21. C 26. C 31. B 36. B

2. B 7. C 12. A 17. A 22. C 27. D 32. D 37. B
3. B 8. A 13. D 18. B 23. A 28. A 33. B 38. B
4. D 9. C 14. D 19. D 24. D 29. D 34. B 39. C
5. A 10. A 15. C 20. D 25. A 30. B 35. B 40. B
1. B 6. D 11. B 16. D 21. C 26. A 31. C 36. B
2. C 7. B 12. A 17. B 22. A 27. B 32. B 37. A
3. A 8. B 13. C 18. A 23. C 28. D 33. C 38. D
4. A 9. C 14. A 19. C 24. D 29. C 34. B 39. B
5. B 10. D 15. A 20. A 25. A 30. D 35. A 40. B
1. D 6. D 11. C 16. B 21. B 26. B 31. D 36. A

2. C 7. A 12. B 17. D 22. D 27. B 32. B 37. C
3. C 8. C 13. B 18. C 23. A 28. B 33. C 38. C
4. B 9. D 14. B 19. C 24. D 29. D 34. A 39. A
5. B 10. B 15. B 20. C 25. B 30. D 35. D 40. A
1. A 11. B 21. D 31. C
2. B 12. C 22. B 32. B
3. D 13. C 23. D 33. C
4. C 14. A 24. A 34. B
5. D 15. B 25. B 35. A
6. C 16. A 26. D 36. B
7. C 17. B 27. C 37. C
8. C 18. B 28. A 38. B
9. A 19. C 29. C 39. A
10. B 20. D 30. D 40. C


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SUCCESS IN BIOLOGY

PAPER 1 VOLUME TWO

THIS BIOLOGY PAPER 1 BOOKLET WILL HELP YOU TO:

EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA

Tuesday 6 OCTOBER 2015 50 minutes

1 Which structures are found in a human sperm cell?

What type of liquid is Q?

Page 1 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

At which point are most product molecules formed?

Which factor in the water was limiting?

Page 2 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

What do these results show?

7 The following diagram shows the breakdown of a nutrient.

Which of the following identifies P, Q and R?

Page 3 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

9 The diagram represents a cross section of a part of a plant.

From which part of the plant was this section cut?

10 The diagram below shows a section through a part of a plant.

Page 4 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

13 The diagram below shows a double circulatory system.

Which vessels carry oxygenated blood?

Page 5 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

15 The diagram below shows the respiratory organs in fish.

In which of the labelled parts does gaseous exchange take place?

18 The apparatus below demonstrates the process of respiration.

What happens to the lime water in X and Y?

Page 6 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

19 Which conditions are necessary for the germination of most seeds?

20 The diagram shows a simple dialysis machine.

The substance in blood at X which should not be found in blood at Y is...

21 Which of the following is excreted by plants only?

Page 7 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

What causes the shoot to grow upwards?

24 The diagram shows the structures involved in a reflex action.

The correct sequence of an impulse through these structures is

Page 8 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

25 The diagram below shows a cross section through the brain.

Page 9 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

28 The diagram below shows a vertebra.

To which region of the vertebral column does it belong?

29 The diagram shows Irish potatoes in natural vegetative propagation.

What type of vegetative organ is shown.

30 What type of seed dispersal is shown in the diagram?

31 The diagram shows the female reproductive system.

In which numbered parts does ovulation, fertilization and implantation occur?

Page 11 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

33 How is Bilharzia transmitted?

34 BCG vaccination against tuberculosis is an example of ...

36 The diagram shows the carbon cycle.

Page 12 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA

What processes are represented by P and Q?

38 Which of the following human features is an example of continuous variation?

EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF ZAMBIA

Wednesday 6 JULY 2016 50 minutes

1 Which characteristic of living organisms is described by the following statement?

2 What are the correct functions of the following specialised cells?

3 The diagram shows an apparatus used to investigate osmosis.

Page 14 of 128 LAURENT MUSONDA