30/01/2024

Lesson 3:
PARAMETERS OF
TRANSMISSION LINE:

“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

OUTLINE:
PARAMETERS OF TRANSMISSION LINE

Lesson 3: OF TRANSMISSION LINE

I. Introduction & Definition of ‘INDUCTANCE’ V. Inductance & Inductive Reactance: Use of Tables

II. Inductance of a Conductor VI. Inductance of 3Φ Lines: Symmetrical &

III. Inductance of a 1Φ, 2wire Line: Solid Round Unsymmetrical Spacing of Conductors

Conductors VII.Inductance of 3Φ Lines: Bundled Conductors

VIII.Inductance in Parallel –Circuit 3Φ Lines

IV. Inductance of Composite Conductor Lines
IX. Inductance in Parallel –Circuit 3Φ Lines with

Bundled Conductors

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

 SELF INDUCTANCE
 The generation by changing current
of an electromotive force in the
TWO FUNDAMENTAL EQUATIONS
for INDUCTANCE: same circuit.

1 e  ddt 2 e L
di
dt
 MUTUAL INDUCTANCE
 The production of an electromotive
force in a circuit resulting from a
change of current in a neighboring
d  circuit.
L  L 
di i  SKIN EFFECT
Assume linear
where: operation  The tendency of an alternating
electric current to become
e = induced voltage (volts)
τ = flux linkage of the circuit ( Wb-t)
distributed within a conductor.
L= inductance of the circuit (H)
di/dt = rate of change of current (A/s)

“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

“To obtain an accurate value for the

inductance of a transmission line, it is
necessary to consider the each
conductor as well as the ” D
I. INDUCTANCE DUE TO “INTERNAL” Cond 1 Cond 2
FLUX
1  7 wherer1= radius of the 1st conductor
L INT   10 H/m :
2 r2= radius of the 2nd conductor
D= distance between con 1 & 2 measured
II. FLUX LINGKAGES BETWEEN TWO between their centers
POINTS EXTERNAL TO AN ISOLATED D D
CONDUCTOR L1  2 10 7 ln L2  2  107 ln H/m
 7 D 0.7788r1 0.7788r2
L ext  2  10 ln 2
H/m
D 1
Thus, the TOTAL INDUCTANCE of 1Φ,
whereD2=D1=distance from the center of the 2 wire lines is:
: conductor LT  L1  L 2 H/m
D2>D1

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

INDUCTANCE OF 1Φ, 2-WIRE LINE: SOLID

ROUND CONDUCTORS
1. A single phase transmission line is 35km
long, consisting of two solid round
conductor, each of 0.9cm in diameter, the
conductor spacing is 2.5m. Calculate the
inductance per conductor.

“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

INDUCTANCE FOR COMPOSITE

CONDUCTOR “1”:
GMD GMD
L1  2 10 7 ln L1  0.7411 log
GMR1 GMR1
 COMPOSITE CONDUCTORS
Unit: H/m Unit: mH/mi
 Pertains to conductors composed of
two or more elements or strands
electrically in parallel. INDUCTANCE FOR COMPOSITE
CONDUCTOR “2”:
GMD GMD
L2  2  10  7 ln L2  0.7411 log
GMR 2 GMR2
Unit: H/m Unit: mH/mi

where: GDM1=GMD2=GMD
COND COND ‘2’
LIMITATIONS: ‘1’
1. Must be same diameter of Thus, the TOTAL INDUCTANCE of 1Φ,
2 wire lines is:
conductor/strand LT  L1  L 2 H/m
2. Must be of the same cross section
3. Must have an equal current sharing

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

 GEOMETRIC MEAN DISTANCE

(GMD,
 Dm)
It is the of the
which are products of the distances
from all the filaments of the
conductor to all the filaments
of conductor .
NOTE: GDM1=GMD2=GMD
 GEOMETRIC MEAN RADIUS COND ‘2’
(GMR,
 Ds)
It is the or of the
or which are the products
of the distances of the conductor
to ITSELF & each other filament
COND
‘1’

“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

INDUCTANCE OF 1Φ, 2-WIRE LINE: GEOMETRIC

MEAN RADIUS (GMR)
2. Find the GMR (Ds) of each of the unconventional conductors shown in terms of ‘r’.

a. b. c. d.

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

INDUCTANCE OF 1Φ, 2-WIRE TL: COMPOSITE

CONDUCTORS
3. One circuit of a single phase
transmission line is composed of
three solid 0.25cm radius wires.
The return circuit is composed of
two 0.5cm radius wires. The
arrangement of the conductors is
shown. Find the inductance due
COND ‘2’
to the current in each side of the
line and the inductance of
complete line (both in H/m &
mH/mi). COND
‘1’

“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

2. By the ‘USE OF
TABLES” :
X L  X a  X d Ω/mi/conductor
WAYS TO DETERMINE
INDUCTIVE REACTANCE Table A.1: Table A.2
(XL) Inductive Inductive
1. By the Reactance at Reactance
Formula: 1ft spacing Spacing Factor
X  2 f L DERIVATION: assume
L
60Hz
X L  2 f L
where:
GMD
L  2  10  7 ln
GMR H/m
1
GMD X L  0 . 2794 log  0 . 2794 log D m
L  0 . 7411 log mH/mi Ds
GMR

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

INDUCTANCE OF 1Φ, 2-WIRE TL: USE OF

TABLES
4. Find the inductive reactance of 100mi length 1Φ line operating at
60 Hz. The conductor used is ‘Ostrich’ and spacing between
center is 25 ft.

5. Find the inductive reactance of 100mi length 1Φ line operating at

60 Hz. The conductor used is ‘Ostrich’ and spacing between
center is 25.45 ft.

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

B. WITH UNSYMMETRICAL
SPACING D eq
L  2  10  7 ln H/m
D S

A. WITH EQUILATERAL D eq
SPACING L   0 . 7411 log mH/mi
D DS
L   2  10  7 ln H/m
DS where:
D
L   0 . 7411 log
DS
mH/mi Deq  3 Dab  Dbc  Dca
D eq= geometric mean
of the three distance of
the unsymmetrical line

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

INDUCTANCE OF 3Φ LINE WITH

SYMMETRICAL SPACING
6. A three phase line is designed with equilateral spacing of 16ft.
The conductor used is “Hawk”. Determine the inductive reactance
per phase in ohm/mi.

INDUCTANCE OF 3Φ LINE WITH

UNSYMMETRICAL SPACING
7. A 3Φ 60Hz line has a flat horizontal spacing. The conductors have
a GMR of 0.0133m with 10m between adjacent conductors.
Determine the inductive reactance per phase in ohm/km. What is
the name of the conductor?

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

B. COMMON Bundled
Conductors Configuration
A. Advantage of ‘BUNDLED’
Conductors
Increasing the number of
D sb  4
D s  d 2
conductors in a bundle reduced the D sb  Ds  d
effect of corona and reduced the
reactance due to increased GMR in
the bundle. D sb  9
D s d2 
3

L   2  10  7 ln
D eq b D sb  3
Ds  d 2

D sb H/m

L   0 . 7411 log
D eq b 
Dsb  16 Ds  d  d  2d 
4

D sb
mH/mi
Dsb  1.09 4 Ds  d 3

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

INDUCTANCE OF 3Φ LINE WITH BUNDLED

CONDUCTORS
8. A 60Hz 3Φ line composed of one ACSR Bluejay conductor per phase
has flat horizontal spacing of 11m between adjacent conductors.
Compare the inductive reactance in ohm/km/Φ of this line with that
of a line using two-conductor bundle of ACSR 26/7 conductors
having the same total cross sectional area of aluminum as a single-
conductor line and 11m spacing measured from the center of the
bundles. The spacing between the conductors in the bundle is
40cm.

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

FORMULA:
D eqp
L   2  10  7 ln H/m
D sp
D eqp
L   0 . 7411 log mH/mi
D sp
where:

Deqp  3 Dabp  Dbcp  Dcap

Dsp  3 Dspa  Dspb  Dspc

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

INDUCTANCE OF 3Φ, PARALLEL-CIRCUIT

LINES
9. A three phase
double-circuit line is
composed of
1.25cm-radius
conductors arranged
as shown. Find the
inductive reactance
per phase in mΩ/km.

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

FORMULA:
7
D eqp b
L   2  10 ln H/m
D spb
D eqp b
L   0 . 7411 log mH/mi
D spb
where:

Deqpb  3 Dbpab  Dbpbc  Dbpca

Dspb  3 Dspba  Dspbb  Dspbc

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“INDUCTANCE” OF TRANSMISSION LINE

INDUCTANCE OF 3Φ, PARALLEL-CIRCUIT LINES WITH

BUNDLED CONDUCTORS
10. A three phase double-
circuit line is composed
of bundled conductors
of two subconductors
at 0.5m spacing. The
radius of each
conductor is said to be
1.25cm each. From the
arrangement shown,
find the inductive
reactance per phase in
mΩ/km.

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Lesson 3:
PARAMETERS OF
TRANSMISSION LINE:

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