Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Detailed Lesson Plan

In Mathematics 9
Content Standard: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of
variation and radicals.
Performance Standard: The learner is able to formulate and solve accurately
problems involving radicals.
Learning Competency: Illustrates situations that involve the following variations: (a)
direct; (b) inverse; (c) joint; (d) combined.
I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. Illustrates situations that involve direct variation
b. Identify the equation that expresses a direct variation
c. Solve problems involving direct variation using y=kx as the
mathematical equation of direct variation, where k is a constant of
variation
d. Appreciate the concept of direct variation in real life situations

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic
Direct Variation
B. References
Mathematics Learner’s Material for Grade 9, pp. 194-203
Mathematics Teacher’s Guide for Grade 9, pp. 132-134
www.slideshare.net/mobile/jmpalero/mathematics-9-lesson-4a-direct-
variation

C. Materials
Laptop, Projector/TV, Manila Paper, Marker, Tape, Illustration Board

D. Subject Integration
Science, Values, English

E. Values Integration
Cooperation, Participation, Enthusiasm, Teamwork, Discipline

F. Teaching Strategy
Guided Discovery Approach, Cooperative Learning Approach

III. Procedure

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

the name of the Father, and of the

Son, and of the Holy
Spirit…..AMEN)

2. Greetings
Good morning class! How are you Good morning, Sir! We are
today? That is good to hear. feeling great Sir!

3. Classroom Management
Class, before you take your seats, (Students will pick up the pieces
kindly pick up the pieces of papers of papers or plastics around them
or plastics around you and arrange and arrange their chairs silently
your chairs silently and properly. and properly.)

You may now take your seats. Thank you sir.

4. Checking of Attendance
, is everyone present
today?

B. Review of the Previous Lesson

Class, last meeting, we discussed and
solved problems involving quadratic
functions. (One volunteer student will solve
Here is a problem and let me ask one the problem on the board and
volunteer to solve it. Yes . others will answer on their
papers.)

Problem:
Transform the quadratic equation y = 3 Solution:
(x + 3)2 - 4 = 0 into standard form. .

Yes
Alright, do you get the correct answer
as well?

Good job class!

It seems that you understood our
previous topic, let us now proceed to
our new lesson.

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

C. Motivation
Class before we start our new lesson, I
have prepared an activity for you titled
“RELATED OR NOT?”.
I will divide you into five groups. It will
be your permanent group for the
entire period. Each group will receive
pictures and you will be given 2
minutes to study its features and
another 3 minutes to identify their Yes Sir None
related quantities. Paste the pictures Sir
and your answer on the manila paper
and kindly post it on the board.
Are the instructions clear?
Do you have any questions?
If there’s none, kindly proceed to your
group and form a circle.

(pictures will be given to the students

and will be shown on the TV screen)

Group 1 (Possible answers)

Wall and Paint
The wider the wall, the more
amount of paint to be used.
If the wall is narrow, less paint will
be used.

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Group 2 The more money you have, the

Groceries and Money more groceries you can buy.
The less money you have, the less
groceries you can buy.

Group 3 Doing more activities can result to

Nature of Activity and Heartbeat higher pulse rate.
Doing less activities can result to
lower pulse rate.

Group 4 The faster speed you go, the

Speed and Distance longer distance you can reach.
The slower speed you go, the
shorter distance you can reach.

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

The more hard work you do, the

Group 5
Hard work and

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Success more chance you can be

successful.
The less hard work you do, the
less chance you can be successful.

Yes Sir!

Do you like the activity class?

Before you go back to your seats, let’s

form a word using this equation of
pictures. Direct Variation!

I think our lesson for today is

about Direct Variation.

D. Presentation of the Lesson

Class, from the activity you had a while ago,
what do you think will be our lesson for this At the end of the lesson, the learners
day? must be able to:
Yes, . a. Illustrates situations that
involve direct variation
Good job! b. Translate into variation
statements a relationship
E. Presentation of Objectives involving direct variation
Before we start our discussion, you need to c. Solve problems involving
know first what you should accomplish at the direct variation as a means
end of the lesson. of valuing the concept in

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Okay, kindly read the real-life situation

objectives. Yes .

F. Discussion
The activity earlier is connected to the
topic we have today.
There is a man cutting down a
Class let me show you a photo:
tree.

What can you observed in the photo? Yes/No Sir.

That’s correct! And did you know that

an increase in demand for paper
contributes to the destruction of trees
from which papers are made? If waste
papers were recycled regularly, it
would help prevent cutting down of
trees and other adverse effects that
could destroy the environment.
So do you think the decrease in
production of paper contribute to the
decrease in the number of trees being
cut?

The question can be answered using

the concept of variation. So let us
familiarize ourselves to Direct
Variation through the following
examples.

Example 1:
The SSG of San Agustin National High

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

School launches a recycling campaign

of waste materials in order to raise
student’s awareness of environmental
protection and the effects of climate
change. This is in connection with the
celebration of Science Month. Every
kilogram of waste materials earns
points that can be exchanged for
school supplies. Paper, which is the
number one waste material collected, The number of points also
earns 6 points every kilo. doubled.
The table below shows the points
earned by Grade 9 Lavender class for
every number of kilograms of waste 100 kilograms
paper collected.

y=kx

Questions: Answers may vary.

1. What happens to the number of
points when the number of
kilograms of paper is doubled?
2. How many kilograms of papers will
the Grade 9 Lavender class have in
order to raise 600 points? Number of 1 2 3 4 5
3. What mathematical statement will Kilograms
relate the two quantities involved? (n)
4. In what way are you able to help Points (P) 6 1 1 2 3
clean the environment by collecting 2 8 4 0
these papers? What items can be
made out of these papers?

Class, there is a Direct Variation

whenever a situation produces pairs
of numbers in which their ratio is
constant.
The statements:
“ y varies directly as x”
“y is directly proportional to x”
“y is proportional to x” Yes Sir!
Are translated mathematically as
y=kx, where k is the constant of How many kilograms of papers
variation, x is the independent will the Grade 9 Lavender class
variable and y is the dependent have in order to raise 600 points?
variable.

For 2 quantities, x and y, an increase

in x causes an increase in y as well.

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Similarly, a decrease in x causes a

decrease in y. 6=k(1) Substitute the given
Did you understand? values.
k=6 6 is the constant
So in the example given above, we of variation
can solve for the number of
kilograms needed to raise 600 points
by using the formula:
Y=kx
Let x be the number of kilograms
Let y be the number of points

Who can solve it on the board? Yes

.

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR
Y=kx 600= 6(x)
X= 100kg will be needed to raise
600 points.

Very good!

Using the formula, you can find the .

number of kilograms without the aid
of the table.

Example 2:
Using his bicycle, Jericho travels a
distance of 10km/h on a steep road.
The table shows the distance he has
travelled at a particular length of
time:
Time(h) 1 2 3 4 5
Distance(km 10 20 30 40 50
)

What happens to the distance as the

length of time increases? Yes

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Sir it also increases.

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR
The answer is 80 km.

That’s correct.

Using this pattern how many

kilometres would he have travelled in
8 hrs?
Who can try to solve it on the board?
Yes .

Very good!

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Example 3
If x varies directly as y and x = 35
when y = 7, what is the value of y
when x = 25
Solution 1.
Since x varies directly as y, then
the
equation of variation is in the form x =
ky. Substitute the given values of y
and x to solve for k in the equation.
35=k(7)
K=
K=5
Hence, the equation of variation is x =
5y.
Solving for y when x = 25,
25 = 5y
Y=
Y=5
Hence, y=5.

G. Application
Now let us apply what you have
learned. We will have another group
activity. Each group will get a
cardboard with happy face in front and Yes Sir!
sad face at the back. I will post
statements on the screen, raise the (The students will go to their
smiley face if you identify it as direct group and form a circle.)
variation and sad face if not. You have
20 seconds to think and once you hear Yes Sir we are ready.
the buzz, raise your answer. You’ll get
one point for each correct answer. The 1.Sad Face
group who will gain the highest score
will be the winner and will receive a 2.Sad Face
prize. For those who receive printed
modules, they will have the same
activity but they have to work 3.Smiley Face
individually.
Are the instructions clear? 4.Sad Face

Alright, you may now go to your group 5.Smiley Face

and form a circle.
6.Smiley face
Are you ready class?
7.Sad Face
1. The number of hours to finish a job
to the number of men working 8.Smiley Face

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

2. The amount of water to the space

that water did not occupy in a 9. Sad Face
particular container
3. The area of the wall to the amount 10. Sad Face
of paint used to cover it
4. The time spent in walking to the
rate at which a person walks
5. The time a teacher spends Group
checking papers to the number
of students
6. The amount of money raised in a
concert to the number of tickets
sold
7. The age of a used car to its resale
value
8. The distance an airplane flies to the We have learned about direct
time travelling variation.
9. The number of visitors to the size
of chairs in the venue There is a direct variation
10. The number of persons typing a whenever a situation produces
manuscript to the time spent in pairs of numbers in which their
typing ratio is constant.

Who got the highest score?

Let’s give them Good job clap! Sir it also increases.

And for the rest of the group, give

yourselves five claps.
No Sir. Because we defined earlier
H. Generalization that direct variation happens for
This time, let me ask what have you two quantities x and y where an
learned in today’s lesson? increase in x causes an increase in y
as well. Similarly, a decrease in x
How can we say that there is a direct causes a decrease in y.
variation in a certain situation?

Very good! Yes Sir. That real life situation is an

example of direct variation.
When one variable increases, what
happens to the other variable?

That’s correct!

Can we say there is a direct variation (Students will share their insights.)
when a variable increases and the other
variable decreases? Why/ why not?

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Very well said!

Now, going back to the question we

have earlier, do you think the decrease
in production of paper contribute to the
decrease in the number of trees being
cut?

I. Valuing
Why do you think it is important to
learn direct variation? Is it essential to
our daily living?

Direct variation is always visible on

our lives. From the simplest things
that we do, to the most complicated
actions that we take. After we learned
the concept, we are now aware of the
consequences of our actions, like for
instance, if we do not help in recycling
papers, we are contributing to the
destruction of tress/ecosystem. Thus,
whenever we do good things, think
that it will also contribute to the
betterment of others.

Easy Round
IV. Evaluation
Quiz Bee
Mechanics: 1. F=kd
1. Write your answer on your 1/8
illustration board. 2. C=kw
2. For every correct answer on the
Easy Round, you’ll get 1 point. 3. S=kd
For the average round, you’ll
get 2 points. And for the difficult
round you’ll get 3 points. Average Round
3. 20 seconds will be given to the
easy round, 30 seconds for the
average round and 60 seconds 1. Y=4x
for the difficult round 2. Y=8x
4. Record your own score, be
honest. Difficult Round
1. Y=1107 letters
Easy Round

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

Write the mathematical equation to

the following statements:
1. The fare F of a passenger varies
directly as the distance d of his
destination.
2. The cost C of fish varies directly as its
weight w in kilograms.
3. An employee’s salary S varies directly
as the number of days d he has
worked

Average Round
Write an equation where y varies
directly as x
1. Y=28 when x=7
2. y = 48 and x = 6
Yes, Sir.
Difficult Round
1. A mailman can sort out 738 letters (L) None Sir.
in 6 hours (h). If the number of sorted
letters varies directly as the number of (The students will stand.)
working hours, how many letters can Goodbye Sir. Thank you for
be sorted out in 9 hours? teaching us.

V. Assignment
Do you remember the Parable of
Talents? What do you think God
expect us to do with the talents we
received? Now, complete the
statement of relationship.

The more talents you are given,

.
Answer it on ¼ sheet of paper and
submit it on our next meeting.

Is the instruction clear?

Do you have any questions
regarding your assignment?

If there’s none, everybody stand!

Goodbye class!

Prepared by:

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
CARAGA REGION
Schools Division of Agusan del Sur
BINUCAYAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
BINUCAYAN, LORETO, AGUSAN DEL SUR

LIRALYN D. LEUTERIO
Teacher I

Binucayan National High School

Mathematics Department