Enhancing Iot in Education: A Comprehensive Analysis of Cs110 Students' Perceptions Towards Do-It-Yourself (Diy) Workshops at Uitm Sarawak Branch
Enhancing Iot in Education: A Comprehensive Analysis of Cs110 Students' Perceptions Towards Do-It-Yourself (Diy) Workshops at Uitm Sarawak Branch
Enhancing Iot in Education: A Comprehensive Analysis of Cs110 Students' Perceptions Towards Do-It-Yourself (Diy) Workshops at Uitm Sarawak Branch
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
2*
Corresponding author. E-mail address: adie0951@uitm.edu.my
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The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a transformative technology in today's digital age. It has the
potential to revolutionize the way we live and work, connecting everyday objects to the Internet and
enabling these objects to communicate and exchange data. IoT devices, which can vary from home items
to industrial equipment, are mini-computer processors that employ machine learning to act on sensor data.
Mouha (2021) described those sensors, connectivity, data processing, and the user interface as the four
components that make up a full Internet of Things system. IoT is progressively becoming an important
aspect of our life that can be sensed everywhere around us. Everything from healthcare and transportation
to agriculture and manufacturing stands to benefit significantly from the IoT. As such, students need to
acquire a solid understanding of IoT concepts and technologies.
The Digital Electronics course offered in CS110 has recently added Basic IoT as a new topic. However,
before this topic was introduced, CS110 students generally dealt with software tools. They rarely worked
directly with hardware components and were unfamiliar with the IoT. In addition, the traditional
instructional approaches may not fully equip students with practical, experiential learning opportunities. To
comprehend the concept of IoT, it is crucial for the students to recognize the hardware components that
will be used in IoT systems, including the function of each component. Traditional methods of teaching
IoT often involve theoretical lectures, laboratory exercises, and simulations. Although these methods are
essential for teaching theoretical knowledge, they may be insufficient in equipping students with practical
experiences that closely resemble real-world IoT implementation.
Thus, this is where the Do-It-Yourself (DIY) IoT workshop comes into play, whereby it offers students
the opportunity to actively engage in building IoT devices, experimenting with sensors and actuators, and
developing their own IoT solutions. The study by Kuznetsov and Paulos (2010) mentioned that DIY
projects can enhance students' creativity, problem-solving, and critical thinking skills while promoting
sustainable development. The primary goal of this workshop was to teach students how to build a basic
IoT system by introducing them to the necessary hardware components. Through these hands-on activities,
students could gain a deeper understanding of IoT hardware, explore its capabilities, and witness firsthand
how these components contribute to the broader IoT landscape.
Fig. 1. Demonstration of an IoT project during the DIY IoT workshop using a soil moisture sensor, an ESP32, and an
Adafruit IO Dashboard.
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Incorporating IoT into the curriculum has resulted in a significant pedagogical shift, necessitating a
bridge between software-centric learning and hands-on hardware experiences. In this research paper, we
aim to explore the level of students' perceptions of DIY workshops in learning IoT, focusing on students'
experiences in higher learning institutions. To address the challenges of this transformation, this study aims
to evaluate the difficulty level for all modules throughout the DIY IoT workshop. The difficulty of these
modules will reveal students' learning curves in learning IoT through hands-on activities. Another central
objective of this research is to assess the effectiveness of the DIY workshop in facilitating IoT education,
as it is vital in tailoring instructional methods to their needs and expectations.
1.1 Objectives
(i) To evaluate the difficulty level for all modules throughout the DIY IoT workshop.
(ii) To assess the effectiveness of the DIY workshop in learning IoT.
(iii) To determine the level of students’ perceptions towards the DIY IoT workshop.
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3.0 METHODOLOGY
This section outlines the methodology employed to conduct a quantitative survey to assess students'
perceptions towards DIY workshops in learning IoT. The target respondents are all computer science
diploma students of UiTM Sarawak branch, Samarahan Campus 2, who registered for the ITT270 Digital
Electronics course during the March–August 2023 semester. A structured questionnaire was utilized as the
primary data collection instrument. This questionnaire was developed based on a review of the existing
literature. It comprises closed-ended questions featuring a 5-Likert scale response format, enabling students
to provide feedback regarding their perceptions of the conducted DIY workshop. Additionally, in-depth
information about the workshop is gathered through student interviews. At the final session of the DIY
workshop, students were provided with a link to complete an online questionnaire. 19 out of 21 students
enrolled in ITT270 courses responded to the survey, resulting in a response rate of 90.47%.
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was employed in this study for comprehensive data
analysis. The analysis was conducted in three primary phases. First, descriptive statistics were performed
to summarise the demographic profile comprehensively. Secondly, mean scores were calculated to
determine the difficulty level and students’ perception of the DIY IoT workshop. Lastly, t-tests were
employed to assess the effectiveness of the DIY workshop in learning IoT.
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4.2 Levels of difficulty for all modules throughout the DIY IoT workshop
All the respondents are required to answer questions about the difficulty level of the modules that had
been used throughout the workshop so that the level of difficulty of the modules can be determined. The
questions are provided in 5 Likert-scale for each item. Scale 1 is very difficult, while scale 5 is very easy.
To determine the levels of difficulty, we averaged the difficulty level score and categorized it into five
levels of difficulty, which are very high, high, moderate, low, and very low (Moidunny, 2009), as shown
in Table 2.
The mean score in Table 3 concludes that the level for all modules used throughout the DIY IoT except
Module 5 is easy for students to understand and follow since the mean score is between 3.21 to 4.20. Module
5 was categorized as moderately difficult since the mean score is 3.1930, which is neither easy nor difficult
to understand by the students.
Table 3: Mean score for level of difficulties
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Table 7 displays the mean score for all the variables used to measure students' perception of the DIY
IoT workshop. The variable challenge gives a mean score of 3.2331. It means that the students moderately
agreed that the condition caused some challenges for them while attending the DIY IoT workshop. In terms
of interest and readiness, they highly agreed with their preferences and preparations when attending the
DIY IoT workshop. The findings reveal that they are interested in joining the workshop and prepared well
before attending it.
5. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the DIY IoT workshop was conducted to address the limited knowledge of IoT among
students taking the Digital Electronics course. The workshop aimed to expose students to the components
of IoT systems and develop a simple IoT system. The integration of the DIY workshop in learning IoT has
shown promising results. This hands-on learning experience provided students with valuable insights into
the fundamentals of IoT, allowing them to work directly with hardware components and gain practical
skills. The students' positive perceptions further supported the effectiveness of the DIY workshops in
learning IoT. Besides, by incorporating the DIY IoT workshops into the curriculum, educators can better
prepare students for the IoT-driven future and equip them with the skills and knowledge necessary to excel
in the rapidly evolving digital landscape. Overall, the DIY IoT workshop has been a valuable initiative in
bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, enabling students to gain hands-
on experience and a better understanding of IoT concepts and components. Therefore, in keeping with the
present technical advancements in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0), we hope that this kind of
program can be continued to highlight students' talent and creativity in developing products based on the
IoT concept. Finally, it is believed that the incorporation of IR5.0 principles, such as advanced connectivity,
artificial intelligence, and human-machine collaboration, into DIY workshops can provide students with a
more immersive learning environment and better prepare them for the evolving technological landscape.
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6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS/FUNDING
The authors would like to acknowledge the support of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
Cawangan Sarawak, Kampus Samarahan 2 for providing financial support through Tabung Amanah
Pembangunan Akademik (TAPA) for the DIY IoT workshop.
7. CONFLICT OF INTEREST
8. AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS
Lee Yee Ann played a pivotal role in shaping the project's direction by contributing to the initial
conceptualization. Abdul Hadi and Zubaidah took charge of the practical aspects and actively engaged in
the writing process. Their collaborative efforts extended to crafting the original draft of the article, followed
by meticulous revisions. Meanwhile, Rumaizah brought her expertise to the forefront, undertaking data
analysis using statistical or computational methods. Collectively, these contributions reflect a well-rounded
and collaborative approach, showcasing the varied skills and responsibilities undertaken by each team
member in the successful execution of the research endeavor.
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© 2024 by the authors. Submitted for open access publication under the terms and conditions
of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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