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Um 204 HW04

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UM 204 HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT 4

Posted on February 01, 2024


(NOT FOR SUBMISSION)

• These problems are for self-study. Try these on your own before seeking hints.
• Some of these problems will be (partially) discussed at the next tutorial.
• A 15-min. quiz based on this assignment will be conducted at the end of the tutorial section.

Problem 1. Given A, B ⊂ Rn , define

A + B = {a + b : a ∈ A, b ∈ B}.

Endow Rn with the standard metric.


(1) Is A + B open if both A and B are open?
(2) Is A + B closed if both A and B are closed?

Problem 2. In this problem, (X, d) denotes a metric space and E ⊂ X denotes a connected
subset. For each of the claims below, determine whether it is either true (for all metric spaces)
or false (in some metric space), and provide a justification for your answer.
(1) E is connected.
(2) E ◦ is connected. false, take E as two closed balls touching in R2
(3) bE = E \ E ◦ is connected. E = [1,2] —> bE = {1,2} = {1} U {2} which is the union of 2 separated sets.Thus bE is disconnected

Problem 3. Let C denote the Cantor set constructed in Lecture 13. Recall that
\∞
C= En ,
j=0

where each En is a disjoint union of 2n closed intervals of length 1/3n .


(1) Prove, rigorously, that E contains no interval of the form (a, b), a < b.
Hint. Recall the form of the open intervals being removed from [0, 1] to construct C.
(2) Show that every p ∈ C is a limit point of C.
Hint. Remember that the endpoints of the inervals comprising En are in C for all n ∈ N.
(3) (Bonus question1) Show that C + C = [0, 2].
1Not for the quiz.
UM 204 - ASSIGNMENT 4

Problem 4. Let p be a prime number. Let dp be the distance on Q defined in HW03. Show
that {1/pn }n∈N is a divergent sequence, while {pn }n∈N is a convergent sequence in (Q, dp ).
(Bonus question2) What about the sequence {n}n∈N ?

Problem 5. Consider the following metrics on R2 :


d1 (x, y) = |x1 − y1 | + |x2 − y2 |
 21
d2 (x, y) = |x1 − y1 |2 + |x2 − y2 |2
d∞ (x, y) = max {|x1 − y1 |, |x2 − y2 |} , x, y ∈ R2 .
Show that if a sequence in R2 converges in any one of the above metrics, it also converges in the
other two.

2Not for the quiz.

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