Case study for the sensitivity of AGA8 or GERG2008 selection on natural gas measurement

Inputs
Flowing Pressure 5000 KPa absolute
Flowing temperature 298.15 K
base conditions
Base Pressure 101.325 KPa absolute
Base temperature 288.15 K

Outputs
gerg 2008 aga 8 DC deviation
Flowing Compressibility 0.9096828834069 0.9094088784423 -0.03012%
Base Compressibility 0.9978569443637 0.9978494441522 -0.00075%
Correction factor 52.31370308 52.32907188 0.02938%

The Corrected flow rate of 1 million cubic meter per day

gerg 2008 aga 8 DC difference unit
Corrected flow rate 52313703.08 52329071.88 15368.80 M3/day
1847440988 1847983732 542743.97 Ft3/day

38.56686977 Mj/m3
iso 6976 volume heating value
1035.103622 BTU/Ft3

Energy
gerg 2008 aga 8 DC Difference unit
Energy 2017.575774 2018.1685 0.59 Million MJ
1912292.859 1912854.655 561.80 Million BTU

Money
Taking a price of 1 Million BTU = gerg 2008 aga 8 DC Difference unit
2.5 USD 4780732.147 4782136.638 1404.490625 USD

This Case Study is made by :

Hisham Samy abd Alhameed

Detailed Calculations are attached

All calculations were made by Gas Flow Calculations mobile app

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 Case study for the sensitivity of AGA8 or GERG2008 selection on natural gas measurement

by employing GERG2008 standard instead of AGA8, the buyer will be benefited

Why :

The accurate knowledge of natural gas flow rate is essential for custody transfer purposes. Currently, the flow
measurement is made with various devices and principles .

Orifice, turbine and ultrasonic flow meters are commonly used devices for measuring natural gas flow rate in the
metering stations. These devices are volume flow meter which means that they measure the volume of flow passing
through the meter at flowing condition

This volume is usually referred as an actual volume. Due to NG is treated on its volume at standard condition, the actual
volume must be converted to standard volume. Since NG is sold based on standard volume or heat content of standard
volume, converting NG volume at flow condition to the volume at standard condition is necessary at custody transfer
points. For such conversion, in addition to pressure and temperature, compressibility factor of NG should be also known

The following equation is employed for the conversion from flowing (Actual) volume to the base (Standard) volume

𝑄𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 = 𝐶𝐹 ∗ 𝑄𝑓
where CF is correction factor and calculated using the below equation
𝑃𝑓(𝑎𝑏𝑠) 𝑇𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑍𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
𝐶𝑓 = ∗ ∗
𝑃𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑇𝑓 𝑍𝑓
So the method of Z factor calculation is highly important in natural gas industries especially for the case of high flow
metering stations.

Currently, the AGA8 EOS is employed for Z-factor calculation in probably most countries.

Recently, GERG2008 EOS is also presented by European countries as reference equation of state for natural gases and
similar mixtures.

In this section, the methods of compressibility factor calculation by these two EOS and seven empirical correlations are
discussed

Calculations:

Calculations showed that in practical region of measurement (270 K < T < 330 K and 200 kPa < P < 7000 kPa) GERG2008
always predict Z-factor higher than AGA8.

This means that GERG2008 calculates flow less than AGA8 at the measuring points. This is very important finding at
custody transfer point as one could realize that by employing GERG2008 standard instead of AGA8, the buyer will be
benefited

For the attached case study it showed that AGA 8 DC method produced 542743.97 Ft3/day
higher than GERG 2008
Which results in 561.80 MMBTU Difference which caused 1404 USD Difference between using
the two Standards
 Gas Flow Calculations

AGA 8 2017 D.C : Calculation of Gas Properties Using Detailed Characterization method

Prepared By : Hisham Samy Site : test aga dc base

Job Title : engineer Date : 23/04/23
Company : gasco Time : 14:41:10

Inputs

Pressure 101.325 KPa absolute

Temperature 15 °C

Gas Composition
Methane 96.5 % n-Butane 0.1 %
Nitrogen 0.3 % iso-Pentane 0.05 %
Carbon Dioxide 0.6 % n-Pentane 0.03 %
Ethane 1.8 % n-Hexane 0.07 %
Propane 0.45 % n-Heptane 0%
Water 0% n-Octane 0%
Hydrogen Sulfide 0% n-Nonane 0%
Hydrogen 0% n-Decane 0%
Carbon Monoxide 0% Helium 0%
Oxygen 0% Argon 0%
Iso-Butane 0.1 % Composition Sum 100 %

Outputs

Results :

Compressibility Factor 0.9978494441522

Molar Mass 16.8035819 g/mol
Molar density 0.0423834503439 mol/l
Energy -2771.1611443911806 J/mol
Enthalpy -380.4874456274092 J/mol
Entropy 0.4171857234819 J/mol.K
Isochoric heat capacity 27.7560140192793 J/mol.K
Isobaric heat capacity 36.1607756160195 J/mol.K
Speed of sound 430.0630114493335 m/s
Gibbs energy -500.6995118487275 J/mol
Joule-Thomson coefficient 0.0049454320671 K/KPa
Isentropic exponent 1.3000071675015

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AGA 8 2017 D.C : Calculation of Gas Properties Using Detailed Characterization method

Prepared By : Hisham Samy Site : test aga dc flowing

Job Title : engineer Date : 23/04/23
Company : gasco Time : 14:39:48

Inputs

Pressure 5000 KPa absolute

Temperature 25 °C

Gas Composition
Methane 96.5 % n-Butane 0.1 %
Nitrogen 0.3 % iso-Pentane 0.05 %
Carbon Dioxide 0.6 % n-Pentane 0.03 %
Ethane 1.8 % n-Hexane 0.07 %
Propane 0.45 % n-Heptane 0%
Water 0% n-Octane 0%
Hydrogen Sulfide 0% n-Nonane 0%
Hydrogen 0% n-Decane 0%
Carbon Monoxide 0% Helium 0%
Oxygen 0% Argon 0%
Iso-Butane 0.1 % Composition Sum 100 %

Outputs

Results :

Compressibility Factor 0.9094088784423

Molar Mass 16.8035819 g/mol
Molar density 2.2178866194643 mol/l
Energy -3125.9907567394803 J/mol
Enthalpy -871.5923776160357 J/mol
Entropy -32.8718324714637 J/mol.K
Isochoric heat capacity 29.1018393827775 J/mol.K
Isobaric heat capacity 42.6154457237589 J/mol.K
Speed of sound 423.8836049523023 m/s
Gibbs energy 8929.144473750877 J/mol
Joule-Thomson coefficient 0.0042099503547 K/KPa
Isentropic exponent 1.3392585939173

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 Gas Flow Calculations

AGA 8 2017 Part 2 GERG 2008 : Calculation of Gas Properties Using GERG 2008 method

Prepared By : Hisham Samy Site : test gerg base

Job Title : engineer Date : 23/04/23
Company : gasco Time : 14:41:54

Inputs

Pressure 101.325 KPa absolute

Temperature 15 °C

Gas Composition
Methane 96.5 % n-Butane 0.1 %
Nitrogen 0.3 % iso-Pentane 0.05 %
Carbon Dioxide 0.6 % n-Pentane 0.03 %
Ethane 1.8 % n-Hexane 0.07 %
Propane 0.45 % n-Heptane 0%
Water 0% n-Octane 0%
Hydrogen Sulfide 0% n-Nonane 0%
Hydrogen 0% n-Decane 0%
Carbon Monoxide 0% Helium 0%
Oxygen 0% Argon 0%
Iso-Butane 0.1 % Composition Sum 100 %

Outputs

Results :

Compressibility Factor 0.9978569443637

Molar Mass 16.803030286 g/mol
Molar density 0.0423833254818 mol/l
Energy -2771.0693635873654 J/mol
Enthalpy -380.3886218555069 J/mol
Entropy 0.417458468432 J/mol.K
Isochoric heat capacity 27.7538834302561 J/mol.K
Isobaric heat capacity 36.1580451110522 J/mol.K
Speed of sound 430.0725899718146 m/s
Gibbs energy -500.6792795341842 J/mol
Joule-Thomson coefficient 0.0049189148313 K/KPa
Isentropic exponent 1.300018569295

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 Gas Flow Calculations

AGA 8 2017 Part 2 GERG 2008 : Calculation of Gas Properties Using GERG 2008 method

Prepared By : Hisham Samy Site : test gerg flowing

Job Title : engineer Date : 23/04/23
Company : gasco Time : 14:41:33

Inputs

Pressure 5000 KPa absolute

Temperature 25 °C

Gas Composition
Methane 96.5 % n-Butane 0.1 %
Nitrogen 0.3 % iso-Pentane 0.05 %
Carbon Dioxide 0.6 % n-Pentane 0.03 %
Ethane 1.8 % n-Hexane 0.07 %
Propane 0.45 % n-Heptane 0%
Water 0% n-Octane 0%
Hydrogen Sulfide 0% n-Nonane 0%
Hydrogen 0% n-Decane 0%
Carbon Monoxide 0% Helium 0%
Oxygen 0% Argon 0%
Iso-Butane 0.1 % Composition Sum 100 %

Outputs

Results :

Compressibility Factor 0.9096828834069

Molar Mass 16.803030286 g/mol
Molar density 2.2172287047916 mol/l
Energy -3123.138800122114 J/mol
Enthalpy -868.0714770288554 J/mol
Entropy -32.8623904214288 J/mol.K
Isochoric heat capacity 29.0506401380362 J/mol.K
Isobaric heat capacity 42.5465394841912 J/mol.K
Speed of sound 424.0261521597504 m/s
Gibbs energy 8929.850227120145 J/mol
Joule-Thomson coefficient 0.0042046286055 K/KPa
Isentropic exponent 1.3397179740849

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 Gas Flow Calculations

ISO 6976 - 2016 : Calculation of Natural Gas Heating Value

Prepared By : Hisham Samy Site : test gerg aga

Job Title : engineer Date : 23/04/23
Company : gasco Time : 15:06:48

Inputs

Reference Temperature 15/15/15 C Combustion / Metering / Base

Base Pressure 101.325 KPa
Meter reference pressure 101.325 KPa absolute

Gas Composition
Methane 96.5 % n-Butane 0.1 %
Nitrogen 0.3 % iso-Pentane 0.05 %
Carbon Dioxide 0.6 % n-Pentane 0.03 %
Ethane 1.8 % n-Hexane 0.07 %
Propane 0.45 % n-Heptane 0%
Water 0% n-Octane 0%
Hydrogen Sulfide 0% n-Nonane 0%
Hydrogen 0% n-Decane 0%
Carbon Monoxide 0% Helium 0%
Oxygen 0% Argon 0%
Iso-Butane 0.1 % Composition Sum 100 %

Outputs

Gas Compressibility 0.99783982805

Air Compressibility 0.999595
Molecular Weight 16.803030286 g/mol

Ideal Results
Gas Density 0.71064293156 kg/m3
Relative density 0.58010576342
Molar Gross Calorific Value 909.937148 MJ/kmol
Mass Gross Calorific Value 54.15315764551 MJ/kg
Volume Gross Calorific Value 38.48355870237 MJ/m3
Molar Net Calorific Value 820.1109953 MJ/kmol
Mass Net Calorific Value 48.80732709167 MJ/kg
Volume Net Calorific Value 34.68458200598 MJ/m3
Gross Wobbe Index 50.52678158212 MJ/m3
Net Wobbe Index 45.53893554483 MJ/m3

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ISO 6976 - 2016 : Calculation of Natural Gas Heating Value

Outputs

Real Results
Gas Density 0.71218136577 kg/m3
Relative density 0.581126153
Molar Gross Calorific Value 909.937148 MJ/kmol
Mass Gross Calorific Value 54.15315764551 MJ/kg
Volume Gross Calorific Value 38.56686977264 MJ/m3
Molar Net Calorific Value 820.1109953 MJ/kmol
Mass Net Calorific Value 48.80732709167 MJ/kg
Volume Net Calorific Value 34.75966886764 MJ/m3
Gross Wobbe Index 50.59168928003 MJ/m3
Net Wobbe Index 45.59743575757 MJ/m3

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