2023 HSC Maths STD 1

Centre Number
NSW Education Standards Authority Student Number
2023 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION
Mathematics Standard 1
General • Reading time – 10 minutes
Instructions • Working time – 2 hours
• Write using black pen
• Calculators approved by NESA may be used
• A reference sheet is provided at the back of this paper
• For questions in Section II, show relevant mathematical reasoning
and/or calculations
• Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this
page
Total marks: Section I – 10 marks (pages 2–6)

80 • Attempt Questions 1–10
• Allow about 15 minutes for this section
Section II – 70 marks (pages 9–35)

• Attempt Questions 11–31
• Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section
1100
Section I
10 marks
Attempt Questions 1–10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section
Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–10.
1 What is 4.26819 when rounded to 3 decimal places?
A. 4.26
B. 4.27
C. 4.268
D. 4.269
2 An amount of $2500 is invested at a simple interest rate of 3% per annum.
How much interest is earned in the first two years?
A. $75
B. $150
C. $2575
D. $2652
3 Two towns are 5 cm apart on a map that uses a scale of 1 : 100 000.
What is the actual distance between the two towns?
A. 5 km
B. 50 km
C. 500 km
D. 5000 km
–2–
4 The diagram shows water in a pool which is in the shape of a triangular prism. The pool
is being emptied of water at a constant rate.
Depth of water
–3–
5 The following is part of a credit card statement for August, with some figures missing.
Statement period: 1 August to 31 August
Opening New Closing

balance charges Payments balance
$506.05 + − $118.95 =
Date Details Amount ($)

1 August Opening balance 506.05
18 August Clothing 85.97
22 August Payment −18.95
23 August Payment −100.00
31 August Interest 4.64
What are the amounts for ‘New charges’ and ‘Closing balance’?
New charges Closing balance

A. $85.97 $468.43
B. $85.97 $596.66
C. $90.61 $473.07
D. $90.61 $477.71
–4–
6 A delivery truck was valued at $65 000 when new. The value of the truck depreciates at
a rate of 22 cents per kilometre travelled.
What is the value of the truck after it has travelled a total distance of 132 600 km?
A. $35 828
B. $29 172
C. $14 872
D. $14 300
7 An item was purchased for a price of $880, including 10% GST.
What is the amount of GST included in the price?
A. $8.00
B. $8.80
C. $80.00
D. $88.00
8 Four cards marked with the numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4 are placed face down on a table.
One card is turned over as shown.
1
A.
4
1
B.
3
2
C.
4
2
D.
3
–5–
9 A bag contains 150 jelly beans. Some of them are red and the rest are blue. The ratio of
red to blue jelly beans is 2 : 3.
Sophie eats 10 of each colour.
What is the new ratio of red to blue jelly beans?
A. 2:3
B. 4:9
C. 5:8
D. 11 : 17
10 A tap is dripping at the rate of 4 mL per minute.
Which expression shows how many litres this would amount to in one year?
4 × 1000
A.
60 × 24 × 365
4 × 60 × 24 × 365
B.
1000
60 × 24 × 365
C.
4 × 1000
1000
D.
4 × 60 × 24 × 365
–6–
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–8–
© 2023 NSW Education Standards Authority
Centre Number
Student Number
Section II Answer Booklet
70 marks
Attempt Questions 11–31
Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section
Do NOT write in this area.
Instructions • Write your Centre Number and Student Number at the top of this
page.
• Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces

provide guidance for the expected length of response.
• Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning

and/or calculations.
• Extra writing space is provided at the back of this booklet.

If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are
answering.
Please turn over
–9–
Office Use Only – Do NOT write anything, or make any marks below this line.
6936310424
1101 15232
BLANK PAGE
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Question 11 (3 marks)
A company employs 50 people.
The annual income of the employees is shown in the grouped frequency distribution
table.
Annual income Class centre Number of fx

($) (x) employees ( f )
40 000 – 49 999 45 000 12 540 000
50 000 – 59 999 55 000 13 715 000
60 000 – 69 999 65 000 15 A
70 000 – 79 999 75 000 7 525 000
80 000 – 89 999 85 000 3 255 000
Total = 50 Total = B
(a) What are the values of A and B? 2
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(b) Find the mean for this distribution. 1
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A floor plan is shown.
160
1300 3200 5200
3600
Kitchen
Living room
160
Bathroom All dimensions

2180
are in millimetres

(a) What are the dimensions, in metres, of the living room? 2
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(b) The shaded area of the kitchen floor is to be tiled. Each tile is 40 cm by 40 cm. 2
How many tiles are needed to cover the kitchen floor?
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(c) The tiles are supplied in boxes of 10. Only full boxes can be purchased. 1
How many boxes need to be purchased to tile the kitchen floor?
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The graph shows the frequency of scores out of 10 awarded to a museum by visitors.
10
8
Frequency
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Score
(a) What is the mode of these data? 1
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(b) Describe TWO features of this graph. 2
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The distance–time graph shows the first two stages of a car journey from home to a
holiday house.
280
260
240
220
Distance from home (km)
200
180
160 Stage B
140
120
eA
100
g
Sta
80

60
40
20
Home
0 1 2 3 4
Time (hours)
(a) At what speed, in kilometres per hour, did the car travel during stage A of the 1
journey?
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(b) For how long did the car stop during stage B of the journey? 1
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(c) After stage B, the car continues to travel towards the holiday house at a constant 2
speed of 50 km/h for 2 hours. Graph this part of the journey on the grid above.
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The table shows some of the flight distances (rounded to the nearest 10 km) between
various Australian cities.
City Adelaide Brisbane Darwin Hobart Perth Sydney

(A) (B) (D) (H) (P) (S)
Adelaide – – 1170 2120 –
Brisbane – 2850 – – 750
Darwin – 2850 – 2650 3150
Hobart 1170 – – – 1040
Perth 2120 – 2650 – 3270
Sydney – 750 3150 1040 3270
(a) Use the information in the table to complete the network diagram where the 2
edges are labelled with distances.
2650 B
S
P
(b) Mahsa wants to travel from Hobart to Darwin. She wants to change planes only 1
once.
Using the network diagram, calculate how many kilometres she will travel by
plane.
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From the top of a vertical cliff 120 metres high, a boat is observed. The angle of 2
depression of the boat from the top of the cliff is 18°, as shown in the diagram.
18° NOT TO
Cliff SCALE
120 m
Boat
Find the distance of the boat from the base of the cliff. Give your answer to the nearest
metre.
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10N − 7.5M
Consider the equation P = . 2
9
Find the value of P when N = 6 and M = 2.
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A network of running tracks connects the points A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, as shown. The

number on each edge represents the time, in minutes, that a typical runner should take
to run along each track.
A 3 B 11 C
5 1
6 9
10 9
2 F
H 5
5
G D
4 9
7
15
(a) Which path could a typical runner take to run from point A to point D in the 2

shortest time?
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(b) A spanning tree of the network above is shown. 2
A 3 B 11 C
1
2 F
H 5
5
G D
4
Is it a minimum spanning tree? Give a reason for your answer.
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The scatterplot shows the number of ice-creams sold, y, at a shop over a ten-day
period, and the temperature recorded at 2 pm on each of these days.
Number of ice-creams sold 20
10
0
20 30 x
Temperature at 2 pm (°C)
(a) The data are modelled by the equation of the line of best fit given below. 2
y = 0.936 x − 8.929, where x is the temperature.
Sam used a particular temperature with this equation and predicted that
23 ice-creams would be sold.
What was the temperature used by Sam, to the nearest degree?
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(b) In using the equation to make the prediction in part (a), was Sam interpolating 2
or extrapolating? Justify your answer.
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Consider the following dataset. 3
22, 27, 29, 32, 36, 37, 39, 45, 47, 58
Is 58 an outlier in this dataset? Justify your answer with working.
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An amount of $12 000 is invested in an account that pays 1% interest per quarter, 3
compounding quarterly for five years.
What is the future value of this investment?
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Questions 11–21 are worth 36 marks in total

Please turn over
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The hours worked last week by Rose are shown. Her normal rate of pay per hour 4
is $24.05 .
Monday to Friday
8:30 am – 12:30 pm
(normal rate)
Saturday
9:00 am – 11:30 am
(time-and-a-half)
Sunday
9:00 am – noon
(double time)
How much did Rose earn last week?
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9725310423
The table compares the fuel costs of a petrol car with an electric car. 3
Petrol car Electric car

Fuel consumption 8.6 L / 100 km 18 kWh / 100 km
Cost of fuel $1.87 / L $0.25 / kWh
Jun travels on average 35 000 km per year.
How much will he save on fuel costs in a year by using an electric car?
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Bobby invested $5000.
The table shows the progress of his investment over the first 4 months.
Amount invested $5000

Interest rate 0.6% per month, compounded monthly
Month Principal Interest earned Balance

(at start of (at end of
month) month)
1 5000.00 30.00 5030.00
2 5030.00 30.18 5060.18
3 5060.18 30.36 5090.54
4 5090.54 A B

(a) What are the values of A and B? 2
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(b) Bobby could have earned simple interest on the investment at 0.62% per month. 2
How much interest would Bobby have earned over 4 months by choosing this
option?
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An artwork is currently valued at $15 000 . It appreciates at a rate of 5.3% per annum. 2
What will the value of the artwork be in 8 years time?
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Electricity provider A charges 25 cents per kilowatt hour (kWh) for electricity, plus a
fixed monthly charge of $40.
(a) Complete the table showing Provider A’s monthly charges for different levels of 1
electricity usage.
Electricity used in a
0 400 1000
month (kWh)
Monthly charge ($) 40 290
Provider B charges 35 cents per kWh, with no fixed monthly charge. The graph shows
how Provider B’s charges vary with the amount of electricity used in a month.

400
360
320
280
Total charge ($)
240
200
160
120
80
40
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Electricity used in a month (kWh)
Question 26 continues on page 27
– 26 –
2503310420
Question 26 (continued)
(b) On the grid on the previous page, graph Provider A’s charges from the table in 1
part (a).
(c) Use the two graphs to determine the number of kilowatt hours per month for 1
which Provider A and Provider B charge the same amount.
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(d) A customer uses an average of 800 kWh per month. 2
Which provider, A or B, would be the cheaper option and by how much?
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End of Question 26
Please turn over
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When it is 10 am in Town A, the time in Town B is 2 pm on the same day. 2
Joe lives in Town A and wishes to watch a live soccer game played in Town B. The
game commences at 11:30 am, Town B local time, and lasts for 2 hours.
What time will it be in Town A when the game finishes?
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The nutrition label for a food item is shown. 2
Nutrition information
% daily
Quantity per recommended
serving intake per serving
Energy 420 kJ 5%
Protein 2.2 g 4%
Carbohydrates 19.1 g 6%
Fat, total 1.9 g 3%
Based on the information on this label, what is the daily recommended intake of
carbohydrates, to the nearest gram?
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The diagram shows the location of three places X, Y and C.
Y is on a bearing of 120° and 15 km from X.
C is 40 km from X and lies due west of Y.
P lies on the line joining C and Y and is due south of X.
NOT TO
SCALE
X 120°
E
40 km 15 km
C Y

P
(a) Find the distance from X to P. 2
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(b) What is the bearing of C from X, to the nearest degree? 2
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A plumber leases equipment which is valued at $60 000. 3
The salvage value of the equipment at any time can be calculated using either of the
two methods of depreciation shown in the table.
Method of depreciation Rate of depreciation

Straight-line method $3500 per annum
Declining-balance method 12% per annum
Under which method of depreciation would the salvage value of the equipment
be lower at the end of 3 years? Justify your answer with appropriate mathematical
calculations.
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A scale drawing of a garden plan, where 1 cm represents 2 m, is shown. 5
The shaded areas in the diagram represent the garden beds.

Woodchips will be laid as a mulch on the garden beds to a depth of 10 cm.
What is the volume of woodchips required?

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End of paper
– 32 –
2230310427
Section II extra writing space
If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering.
– 33 –
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– 36 – © 2023 NSW Education Standards Authority
4543310426
NSW Education Standards Authority
1102 –1–
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–2– © 2023 NSW Education Standards Authority

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Centre Number

NSW Education Standards Authority Student Number

2023 HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

Total marks: Section I – 10 marks (pages 2–6)

Section II – 70 marks (pages 9–35)

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–10.

1 What is 4.26819 when rounded to 3 decimal places?

2 An amount of $2500 is invested at a simple interest rate of 3% per annum.

How much interest is earned in the first two years?

What is the actual distance between the two towns?

Statement period: 1 August to 31 August

Opening New Closing

Date Details Amount ($)

New charges Closing balance

7 An item was purchased for a price of $880, including 10% GST.

What is the amount of GST included in the price?

One card is turned over as shown.

Sophie eats 10 of each colour.

What is the new ratio of red to blue jelly beans?

10 A tap is dripping at the rate of 4 mL per minute.

• Answer the questions in the spaces provided. These spaces

• Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning

• Extra writing space is provided at the back of this booklet.

Please turn over

Do NOT write in this area.

A company employs 50 people.

Annual income Class centre Number of fx

(a) What are the values of A and B? 2

(b) Find the mean for this distribution. 1

A floor plan is shown.

Bathroom All dimensions

Do NOT write in this area.

How many tiles are needed to cover the kitchen floor?

How many boxes need to be purchased to tile the kitchen floor?

(a) What is the mode of these data? 1

(b) Describe TWO features of this graph. 2

Do NOT write in this area.

City Adelaide Brisbane Darwin Hobart Perth Sydney

Do NOT write in this area.

Find the value of P when N = 6 and M = 2.

Please turn over

A network of running tracks connects the points A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, as shown. The

Do NOT write in this area.

(b) A spanning tree of the network above is shown. 2

Is it a minimum spanning tree? Give a reason for your answer.

Number of ice-creams sold 20

y = 0.936 x − 8.929, where x is the temperature.

What was the temperature used by Sam, to the nearest degree?

Consider the following dataset. 3

22, 27, 29, 32, 36, 37, 39, 45, 47, 58

Is 58 an outlier in this dataset? Justify your answer with working.

Do NOT write in this area.

What is the future value of this investment?

Questions 11–21 are worth 36 marks in total

Please turn over

How much did Rose earn last week?

Do NOT write in this area.

Petrol car Electric car

Jun travels on average 35 000 km per year.