PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 1
MS. JESSA MAYUME T. COLINARES
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES

• Describes characteristics, strengths,

weaknesses, and kinds of qualitative
research
INQUIRY VS RESEARCH
INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

WHAT IS WHAT IS
INQUIRY? RESEARCH?
 INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

WHAT IS
INQUIRY? ✔Inquiry, a term that is synonymous to
investigation. When you Inquire or investigate,
you tend to ask questions to probe or examine
something. You do this kind of examination
through your HOTS or higher order thinking
strategies of inferential, analytical, critical,
creative, and appreciative thinking to discover
more understandable or meaningful things
beyond such object of your inquiry.
 INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

WHAT IS
RESEARCH? • The word “RESEARCH” was coined from the
French word “cerhier” which means seek. The
prefix “re” means to repeat. Literally,
research signifies finding the truth again
about ideas and problems which were in
existence before in different perspectives
• Research is a scientific, experimental, or
inductive manner of thinking.
 INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

WHAT IS
RESEARCH? • Curiosity leads to research
• Research is what propels humanity forward.
It’s fueled by curiosity: we get curious, ask
questions, and immerse ourselves in
discovering everything there is to know.
Learning is thriving. Without curiosity and
research, progress would slow to a halt, and
our lives as we know them would be
completely different.
INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

• Curiosity leads to research

• Research is what propels humanity forward.
It’s fueled by curiosity: we get curious, ask
questions, and immerse ourselves in
discovering everything there is to know.
Learning is thriving. Without curiosity and
research, progress would slow to a halt, and
our lives as we know them would be
completely different.
INTRODUCTION TO PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

• What would happen

without research?
TWO MAJOR RESEARCH PARADIGMS

QUALITATIVE

QUANTITATIVE
 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUALITY
Qualitative research involves the
use of qualitative data, such as interviews,
documents, and participant observation
data, to understand and explain social
phenomena. Qualitative researchers can
be found in many disciplines and fields,
using a variety of approaches, methods
and techniques.
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITY

Quantitative Research may be defined

as the systematic empirical investigation
of social phenomena using tools of
mathematics and statistics. The term
“quantitative” emphasizes that this type
of research involves quantification or
measurement and usually involves
numbers.
TWO MAJOR RESEARCH PARADIGMS

QUALITATIVE

QUANTITATIVE
 QUALITATIVE VS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

ELEMENTS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

COMPARISON
ASSUMPTIONS ✔The World is complex, and no single ✔The world or physical reality
variable or number can adequately explain is explained by the laws of
such phenomena nature and science.
✔The world is constructed from the point of ✔Data can be objectively and
view reliably drawn from a sample
and accurately reflect reality.
Research goal and ✔To understand a social phenomenon, seek ✔To explain the causes of
purpose meaning, and interpret reality as seen from phenomena through objective
the perspective of participants. measurement and numerical
analysis.
✔To gain insight, describe events and ✔To predict and establish
patterns, and increase understanding of relationships and generalize
ideas, feelings, beliefs, and motives of findings.
participants.
 QUALITATIVE VS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

ELEMENTS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

COMPARISON
Sampling ✔Small, purposive, and context- ✔Randomized and
specific controlled for extraneous
variables. Large samples
are usually needed to
represent the population.

Data collection ✔Include document collection, ✔Include administration of

techniques participant observation, tests and questionnaires,
unstructured and informal experimentation, survey
interviews, intensive field notes, questionnaires, and use of
review of artifacts, and focus existing data sets.
group discussions.
QUALITATIVE & QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

✔Both Qualitative and Quantitative

research methods have their own
characteristics. NO SINGLE RESEARCH
APPROACH CAN BE CONSIDERED THE
BEST ONE. QUALITATIVE, QUANTITATIVE,
OR A MIX OF BOTH APPROACHES CAN
BE EMPLOYED DEPENDING ON ONE’S
RESEARCH GOAL AND PURPOSE.
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

The purpose of qualitative research is to gain an

understanding of complex phenomena and to
explore the meanings and experiences of
individuals or groups. Qualitative research seeks
to uncover the reasons behind human behavior,
attitudes, and perceptions. It aims to provide a
detailed and comprehensive description of the
research topic and to identify patterns and
themes within the data.
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Qualitative research is a type of research method

that is used to explore and understand complex
phenomena. It is an exploratory research method
that seeks to gain an in-depth understanding of
the research topic through observation,
interviews, focus groups, and other qualitative
data collection methods.
IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

Research helps us make informed decisions.

CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

It leads to new discoveries and innovations that

improve our lives. Many of the technologies we
rely on today are the result of research in fields
like medicine, computer science, engineering,
etc. Things like smartphones, wifi, GPS, and
medical treatments were made possible by
research.
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

It informs policy making. Research provides data

and evidence that allows policymakers to make
more informed decisions on issues that impact
society, whether it’s related to health, education,
the economy, or other areas. Research gives
insights into problems
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

It spreads knowledge and awareness. The

research contributes new information and facts
to various fields and disciplines. The sharing of
research educates people on new topics, ideas,
social issues, etc. It provides context for
understanding the world.
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

It drives progress and change. Research

challenges existing notions, tests new theories
and hypotheses, and pushes boundaries of
what’s known. Pushing the frontiers of
knowledge through research is key for
advancement. Even when research invalidates
ideas, it leads to progress.
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

It develops critical thinking skills. The research

process itself – asking questions, collecting data,
analyzing results, drawing conclusions – builds
logic, problem-solving, and cognitive skills that
benefit individuals in their professional and
personal lives.
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

It fuels innovation and the economy. Research

leads to the development of new products and
services that create jobs and improve
productivity in the marketplace. Private sector
research drives economic growth.
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

So while not always visible, research underlies

much of our technological, social, economic, and
human progress. It’s a building block for society.
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

MABUTI PA ANG RESEARCH,

IPAGLALABAN KA!
CHARACTERISTICS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

MABUTI PA ANG RESEARCH, MAY

PROPOSAL!
RESEARCH FORMAT
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS IN QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
 RESEARCH DESIGNS

1. Historical Study
2. Phenomenology
3. Grounded Theory
4. Ethnography
5. Case Study
 HISTORICAL STUDY

A historical study is the ideal choice for studies that

involve extensive examination of the past —
including people, events and documents. The
purpose of a historical study is to draw conclusions
about the present and future, based off research
conducted in the past.
 HISTORICAL STUDY

This model depends on adequate interview sources and

historical documents. It is essential to validate the
accuracy of the data and find primary sources. Depending
on the goal of the researcher, this form of study may
result in a biography, which is why the term “historical
study” is sometimes used interchangeably with
“biographical study.”
 PHENOMENOLOGY

Phenomenology is a wide-ranging form of study. In this

research model, the researcher looks to gather
information that explains how individuals experience a
phenomenon and how they feel about it. This model
recognizes that there is no single objective reality;
instead, everyone experiences things differently.
 PHENOMENOLOGY

The outcome is described from the point of view of the

participants. However, the researcher is still able to derive
a set of findings that can be used to identify themes
surrounding the phenomena under study.
 PHENOMENOLOGY

The outcome is described from the point of view of the

participants. However, the researcher is still able to derive
a set of findings that can be used to identify themes
surrounding the phenomena under study.
 GROUNDED THEORY

The purpose of grounded theory is to develop a theory

surrounding a social issue. This theory seeks not only to
identify problems in social scenes, but also to define how
people deal with those problems. Grounded theory is
unique among qualitative design approaches, because it
depends solely on the data gleaned through the research
process.
 GROUNDED THEORY

Often, the initial research question is progressively

reformed and refined as more information is gathered on
the topic. In this sense, the participants help shape the
study.
 ETHNOGRAPHY

Ethnography is the study of a specific grouping within a

culture. Researchers pursuing this study format will
immerse themselves into the culture they are
researching. The qualitative data is gathered through
direct observation of — and interaction with —
participants who belong to that culture. The information
is then presented through their perspective. Ultimately,
this study aims at understanding group culture.
 CASE STUDY

Case studies, one of the most common qualitative

designs, are used to examine a person, group, community
or institution. Researchers often use a bounded theory
approach that confines the case study in terms of time or
space. To conduct the case study, the researcher may
draw upon multiple sources of data, such as observation,
interviews and documents
 CASE STUDY

All participants chosen must share a unifying factor,

which means they all must have a direct or indirect
connection to the research question or subject being
studied. After collecting the data, the researcher will
analyze it to identify common or prominent themes.
 RESEARCH METHODS

1. INTERVIEW
2. FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION
3. OBSERVATION
4. DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
 RESEARCH METHODS

Interview: Researchers can conduct in-

depth, face-to-face interviews with
participants. This allows them to gain
insights from the participants to best
understand their experience.
 RESEARCH METHODS

Focus Groups: Focus groups are similar to

interviews, but involve multiple
participants at once. They are another
route to obtaining responses and making
interview observations.
 RESEARCH METHODS

Observation: A less direct method than

interviews or focus groups, this method
requires careful attention to participants’
activities and behaviors in order to gather
data.
 RESEARCH METHODS

Document analysis: Researchers can gather

useful data from print documents as well
as electronic records. Careful analysis is
needed to draw conclusions from the body
of related documents.
 RESEARCH FORMAT

CHAPTER 1: Introduction
❑ Introduction
❑ Statement of the Problem
❑ Objectives of the Study
❑ Significance of the Study
❑ Scope and Delimitation
 RESEARCH FORMAT

CHAPTER 2: Review of Related Literature

❑ REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
❑ REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
❑ Gap to be Bridge by the study
❑ Theoretical Framework
❑ Conceptual Framework
❑ Definition of Terms
 RESEARCH FORMAT

CHAPTER 3: Research Methodology

❑ Research Design
❑ Research Locale
❑ Instrumentation
❑ Data Collection Method
 RESEARCH FORMAT

CHAPTER 4: Results and Discussion

❑ Results and Discussion
 RESEARCH FORMAT

CHAPTER 5:
❑ Summary
❑ Conclusion
❑ Recommendation
 REFERENCES:

https://jacksofscience.com/importance-of-
research-in-daily-life/

https://cayuse.com/blog/importance-of-
research-in-our-society/

https://www.gcu.edu/blog/doctoral-journey/5-
qualitative-research-designs-and-research-
methods?fbclid=IwAR02hKbYSlXcuKVtUgYG4jSxT
7bhC09tF37hvhtqtB9AvSwb6UF-7tSCRqc