AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY-BANGLADESH

Faculty of Engineering

Lab Report
Experiment # 05
Experiment Title: Study of Thevenin’s Theorem.
27 February 2024
Date of Perform: 20 February 2024 Date of Submission:

Course Title: Introduction to Electrical Circuits Lab

Course Code: EEE2109 Section:
Semester: Spring 2023-24 Degree Program: BSc in CSE
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Table of Contents

1. Experiment Title 03

Page 1 of 11
2. Objectives 03

3. Introduction 03

4. Theory and Methodology 03

5. Equipment List 04

6. Circuit Diagram 04

7. Simulation 04

8. Experimental Procedure and Calculation 06

9. Discussion 10

10. Conclusion 10

11. References 10

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Title of the Experiment:
Study of Thevenin’s Theorem.

Objectives:

The objectives of this experiment are to

a) Investigate the application of Thevenin’s theorem to a DC source circuit.
b) Construct Thevenin’s equivalent circuit.
c) Verify Thevenin’s theorem for a DC circuit through load voltage and load current
measurements.
d) Compare the measured, simulated, and computed values.

Introduction:

Thevenin’s theorem is a very powerful circuit analysis technique. It can convert complex circuits to a
simpler series equivalent circuit for easier analysis. The analysis involves removing part of the circuit across
two terminals to aid calculation, later combining the circuit with the Thevenin equivalent circuit.

Theory and Methodology:

The Thevenin Theorem is a process by which a complex circuit is reduced to an equivalent series circuit
consisting of a single voltage source, VTH, a series resistance, RTH, and a load resistance, RL. After creating the
Thevenin’s equivalent circuit, you may then easily determine the load voltage, VL, and the load current, IL.

Thevenin’s theorem states that,

In any linear circuit containing at least one independent sources, it is possible to simplify that linear circuit,
irrespective of how complex it is, to an equivalent simple circuit with a single voltage source and a resistance
connected in series across any load having two terminals.

When determining the equivalent resistance of the complex circuit, we disable all the remaining independent
sources. That is, all the remaining voltage sources are made zero by replacing them with short circuits, and all
remaining current sources are made zero by replacing them with open circuits. Also, it is important to note that if
a dependent source is present; it must remain active (unaltered) during this process.

Action Plan:
(i)
In a circuit comprising of at least one independent source, measure the open circuit voltage, V oc, load
voltage, V L, and the load current, I L.
(ii)
To deactivate a voltage source, replace it with a short circuit, and to deactivate a current source,
replace it with an open circuit. Then measure the short circuit current, I sc. Divide Voc by Isc to
obtaine the Thevenin’s equivalent resistance RTH .
(iii) Construct the Thevenin’s equivalent circuit and measure the load voltage, V L, and the load current, IL
again to verify the Thevenin’s theorem. The procedures are illustrated in Figure 1.

Limitations: Thevenin’s is a fundamental property of any linear circuits. So, this circuit theorem can’t be
applied to any non-linear circuits.

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Equipment List:
1. Trainer Board
2. Voltmeter
3. Ammeter
4. Multimeter
5. DC power source
6. Resistors
7. Connecting wires

Circuit Diagram & Simulation:

Original circuit to verify Thevenin’s theorem.

Figure 1

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 RTH

ETH

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 IL

Experimental Procedure and Calculation:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 1.

2. Remove the portion of the circuit for which Thevenin’s equivalent circuit will be determined, here the load
the resistance is RL between terminals A and B of Figure 2.
3. Remove the voltage source by a short circuit and replace the current source by an open circuit.
4. Determine the Thevenin equivalent resistance, RTH for the load.
5. Now, return the sources to their original position and determine the open circuit voltage between terminals A
and B of Figure 1.
6. Connect back the load resistance, RL and measure the load voltage across terminals A and B and current
through the load resistance and hence verify Thevenin’s theorem. Compute the load power.

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Discussion:

a. The trainer board and the multimeter were checked before the start of the experiment.
b. The resistor was placed properly according to the figure.
c. The value of the voltage was increased gradually as applying a large voltage can damage the resistors.
d. Finally, all the data was placed in the data table. For the given equation, a result was obtained.

Conclusion:
In this experiment the data/findings were interpreted and determined to the extent to which the experiment was
successful in complying. The goal was initially set. The ways of the study were improved, investigated, and
described by measuring, converting, and calculating the circuit of Thevenin’s Theorem.

References:

[1] Robert L. Boylestad, “Introductory Circuit Analysis,” 12th Edition, Prentice Hall, New York, 2005-2006, p.
524.
[2] Multisim 14.2 Tutorial Part 01 (Getting started: Introduction and circuit construction), YouTube
video link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Jiasd0K7Co, accessed on 13 June 2023.
[3] Multisim 14.2 Tutorial Part 02 (DC Sweep and Parameter Sweep), YouTube
video link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ld1aqfOlm3w, accessed on 13
June 2023.

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