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Practical Research 1
Quarter 4 – Module 7
Week 7 – 8

Reporting and
Sharing the
Findings

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Lesson
Draws Conclusions from
1 Patterns and Themes
A conclusion is like the final chord in a song. It is the section in a
research report where the researcher finds a chance of leaving a lasting impression.
It usually includes a comprehensive summary of the findings. The key points are
highlighted briefly based on the analysis or results of the study. Important
implications applied to practice are specifically noted. Furthermore, the conclusion
points out to what were factually learned from the inquiry. This section elucidates o
drawing and writing the conclusion of the research paper.

You have to state your conclusion in clear, simple language. No new

information should be added to the conclusion. It is in the conclusion where you
describe the value of your research.

What’s In

Directions: Look at each acronym below. Formulate your own

description/meaning of qualitative research. It could be a word, phrase or a sentence.

Q-

U-
A-
L-

I-
T-

A-

T-
I-

V-

E-

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What is It

Summary

Wrap up/summarize the study’s argument by:

1. Writing a brief recapitulation of Chapters 1 and 2 by restating the objectives

and specific problems of the study and methodology; and

2. Presenting salient findings /results based on the formulated specific

problems.

Findings
In one-to – one correspondence and in numbered format, indicate the findings
of the study. One sentence will do for each problem.

Conclusions

Characteristics of Conclusions
1. Conclusions are references, deductions, abstractions, implications,
interpretations, general statements and/or generalizations based upon
findings.

2. Conclusions should appropriately answer the specific questions raised at the

beginning of the investigation in the order they are given under the statement
of the problem.

3. Conclusion should point out what were factually learned from the inquiry.

Purposes of a Conclusion
Conclusion does the following:

1. Stress the importance of thesis statement.

2. Give the written work a sense of completeness

3. Leave a final impression on the reader

4. Demonstrates a good organization

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Strategies in Writing Conclusions

• Echoing your introduction, or simply reiterate or link ideas expressed in the
other sections of research.

• Conclusion should be formulated concisely that is, brief and short, yet they
convey all necessary information resulting from the investigation.

• A conclusion must state generalization based on the findings.

• Observe “one finding: one conclusion.” Match the findings with the
conclusions. Use numbers in the format.

• Flexibility may be considered in making conclusions on a one-to-one

correspondence with the specific problems and the findings as some or all
variable can be subsumed in one paragraph.

The process of drawing conclusions begin as early you code your data. As
you review and code your data, begin to form ideas about the important
phenomena they indicate as well generate the propositions about them
and the relationships among them. Once the data are coded, you will look
over the propositions to write your conclusions.

In drawing and verifying conclusions from qualitative data among the

most useful in the analysis are:

• Noting patterns and theme. These are recurring themes which put together
many separate pieces of data. The data may be grouped together according to
theme. It however happen that evidence, may be applicable to one or more
themes.

• Making contrasts and comparisons. Comparison is a classic way to test a

conclusion. The responses gathered form the parents, students, teachers and
other groups can be compared and contrasted so that the differences can be
noted. When conflicting information comes up, then you can refer to the
sources of the different data.

• Clustering. The process refers to the grouping of data, then conceptualizing

information that has similar patterns or characteristics. It is called
categorizing because the steps must be taken to ensure that other information
are considered or included.

• Counting. Qualitative research is basically descriptive and goes beyond how

much something to describe the subject or topic under investigation. However,
the number of time something occurs or is reported tells something about how
important or how significant an item is.

• Avoid using phrases like “in conclusion”, “in summary” and “in closing”. The
se expressions can be useful and welcome in oral presentations.

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Formulating Recommendations Based on Conclusions

Why write a recommendation

The reader is looking for insightful comments to demonstrate that you have
been engaged with your research, that you understand your findings and that
you gained knowledge form the experience of conducting your research.

How to write recommendations

The following should be considered in writing recommendations.

• Brief- write concisely; any reasons for recommendation should only be given
if necessary.

• Clear- do not ambiguous as to how the recommendation will be implemented

• Precise- vague recommendations usually result from insufficient research

analysis.

• They must be logical by making sure that they flow sensibly from the
conclusion

• It is also important to consider the different levels within your set of

recommendations such as a) for academic, b) for the policymakers, c) for
practitioners, and d) for the training/education.

• Point out direction/s for future investigation

• Cite also a recommendation that can help your field of study, or strand.

Example 1

Summary

The qualitative study, which made use of the case study design focuses on the
reasons of students dropping out from school and the corresponding
experiences after leaving school.

It utilized the interview, method to gather relevant data from respondents who
dropped out from school. The students were selected using the snow ball
technique.

It followed Collazi’s Method and applied Cool and Warm Analyses to bring out
the relevant themes. A synthesizing diagram was crafted to this effect.

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Findings

The following are salient findings of the study:

1. The period of dropping out was during Transition Period (Elementary- High
School) or Duration of High School.

2. The reasons for dropping out are Personal-Familial Issues, Socio-Economic

Issues and School-Related Issues.

3. The drop-out students suffers from unfavourable conditions as a result of

their decision.

Conclusion

There are three interdependent reasons why students drop out: Personal-
Familial Issues, Socio-Economic Issues, and School-related Issues. Students
who dropped out experience unfavourable conditions which lead them to
regret their decisions of leaving school.

Recommendations

The researchers recommend the following:

1. The results of the study should be studied by the schools of Pangasinan

Division II as basis for formulating an action plan or an intervention
mechanism.

2. Guidance Counselors should focus on the cases of these drop-out students by

giving orientation to students beginning in Grade 7 and should continue
throughout the high school years.

3. Parents and even teachers should motivate more the students to keep on going
to school and finish it

4. Parents should improve their parental support to their children.

5. The school should intensify the conduct of anti-bullying programs

6. Scholarships and allowances should be provided to those who cannot afford

to go to school.

7. School s should orient the students about early pregnancy.

8. Guidance Counselors and teachers should coordinate in helping the students

understand better their situations

9. Schools should revisit policies on inclusive education.

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Example 2

Summary

The qualitative study which made use of phenomenological research design,

focuses on the challenges of physicians during the disease treatment.

It utilized the interview method to gather relevant data from the respondents.
The physicians were selected using the homogenous and purposive sampling.

It followed Kelly grid method and applied cool analysis to bring out the
relevant themes. A synthesizing diagram was crafted to this effect.

Findings

The following are the salient findings of the study:

1. The challenges of physicians are managerial and relational. The managerial

challenges of physicians include non-compliant patients and toxic cases. the
relational challenges of physicians include disclosure adversity and peer
asperity

Insights/Conclusion

The researchers learned that becoming a physician entails challenges for it r

equires a lot of effort, time, knowledge, patience and understanding. They are
in hard position because they sacrifice these things to help to help those in
need. Physicians have t deal with life and death and a single mistake could
ruin the trust they earned. Despite these challenges, they continuously
educate themselves to improve not only as a physician but also as a person.

Recommendations

The researchers recommend the following:

1. The physicians must always check their patients in taking prescribed

medicine.

2. Physicians must continuously and significantly remind their patients that

their cooperation is necessary for a successful and effective treatment.

3. The physicians must regularly educate themselves in order to be able to tackle

different cases.

4. The physicians must observe and ensure camaraderie and ethics between
themselves for better collaboration in meeting the needs of patients.

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