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Lesson 3 - Data Collection and Analysis Procedure

The document discusses various methods for collecting and analyzing primary data in research including interviews, participant observation, focus groups, questionnaires, and observational evaluation. It also discusses basic data collection procedures like observations, interviews, documents, and audio/visual materials. Finally, it outlines generic steps to follow in data analysis including organizing, coding, abstracting, content analysis, and computer-assisted qualitative analysis.

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Mary Rose Alegria
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34 views

Lesson 3 - Data Collection and Analysis Procedure

The document discusses various methods for collecting and analyzing primary data in research including interviews, participant observation, focus groups, questionnaires, and observational evaluation. It also discusses basic data collection procedures like observations, interviews, documents, and audio/visual materials. Finally, it outlines generic steps to follow in data analysis including organizing, coding, abstracting, content analysis, and computer-assisted qualitative analysis.

Uploaded by

Mary Rose Alegria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 3

Data Collection and


Analysis Procedures
Ask Yourself…
 How should I plan the data gathering procedures for my
research?
Lesson 3
Data Collection and
Analysis Procedures
PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION
TECHNIQUES
 Interview
 Participant Observation
 Focus Group Interview
 Observational Evaluation
 Biography/Autobiography
 Questionnaire
a. Interview
 Depending on the research design.
Interview can be unstructured (open-
ended questions), structured (closed-
ended questions), semi-structured
(both closed and open ended-
questions), one time interview,
multiple interview with same
participants.
b. Participant Observation
 Data are collected through the
researcher’s immersion in the natural
setting of research participants for the
researcher to see, hear, feel, and
experience the participant’s daily life.
c. Focus Group Interview
 Six to eight people participate in the
interview and because of the variety
and depth of opinions, views, and
perspectives shares, this type of
interview is a very rich sources of
data.
d. Observational Evaluation
 The research observes and records the
verbal and non-verbal behavior of a
person or group of persons.
Participation on the part of researcher
is optional.
e. Questionnaire
 A more formal way of gathering facts,
data, opinions, through well-
constructed instruments with very
clear purpose, directions and print.
BASIC TYPES OF DATA
COLLECTION PROCEDURES
 Observations
 Interviews
 Documents
 Audio and Visual materials
a. Observation
 observing while at the same time,
taking field notes on the behavior and
activities of research participant at the
research site.
a. Interview
 conducting face to face, telephone, or
focus group interview using open-
ended questions that are intended to
elicit views and opinions from the
research participants.
c. Document
 poring over and recording notes on
public documents (newspapers,
minutes of meetings, official reports)
or private documents (personal
journals, diaries, letters, emails.)
d. Audio and Visual materials
 studying photographs, art objects,
videotapes or any form of sound for
relevant themes, similarities,
differences among others.
 Cresswell (2003) adds that the researcher must equip
himself/herself with an interview protocol, so that interview
will remain focused, either face-to-face or focus group
discussion.
1. Heading
2. Instruction to the interviewer, such as opening statements
3. The key research questions
4. Probes to follow key questions
5. Transition messages for thee interviewer
6. Space for recording interviewee’s comments and space in
which the researcher records reflective notes.
DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURE

 Coding
 Recursive Abstraction
 Content or Discourse Analysis
 Computer Assisted Qualitative Data
Analysis
a. Coding
 reads the data, marks segments within the data, each one
of which is labelled with a “code”-a word or phrase that
suggests how associated data segments address the
research objectives. When coding is complete, the
analyst prepares a report summarizing codes that
consistently surface, discussing similarities and
differences, or showing the relationship between one or
more codes.
b. Recursive Abstraction
 summarizes the sets of data, then,
further summarizes them, and so on,
resulting in a compact, distilled, easily
understood analysis.
c. Content or Discourse Analysis
 counts words or phrases, or
coincidences of tokens within that
data, analyses phrases and exchanges
in conversation.
d. Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis
 uses programs in editing, revising,
and coding which allow for work
sharing, peer reviews and recursive
examination of data through any of the
following qualitative data analysis
software.
GENERIC STEPS TO FOLLOW IN DATA
ANALYSIS PROCEDURE
 Organize and prepare the data for analysis.
 Read through all the data.
 Begin detailed analysis with coding process.
 Use the coding process to generate a description of the setting or
people, as well as categories or themes for analysis
 decide how the description and themes will be presented.
 Make an interpretation of data-lessons, meanings, suggestions
for new questions that need to be asked.
PERFORMANCE TASK #3

• With your groupmates, start working with


gathering data you needed for your own
research, then analyzed the data collected
once done.
Research Presentation End

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