CAPE BMED Unit 1 May/June 2019 Paper 1- Building

1. The centroid coincides with the centre of gravity when the material of body is:

= d.) homogenous

The centroid is the geometric center of a shape, whereas the center of gravity is the point at which the entire
weight of the body can be considered to act. In a homogenous body, the mass is evenly distributed, and thus the
centroid and center of gravity coincide.

2. The ratio that governs the movement of the point which traces out the hyperbola:
= d.) 20:1

The eccentricity of a hyperbola can be defined as the ratio of these distances:

- Distance from Focus to point
- Distance from Directrix to point
And the eccentricity ratio is always >1. Therefore, the ratio E = 20:1 >1.

3. Which of the following methods is not used to draw elliptical curves?

= c.) Tangential

The Tangential method is not typically used to draw elliptical curves, as it is a method more commonly used to
draw hyperbolic curves. The Tangential method involves drawing tangent lines to two given lines from a fixed
point, and the intersection points of these tangent lines with a fixed line determine the points on the hyperbola.
The Concentric Circle, Intersecting Arcs, and Rectangular methods are all valid methods for drawing elliptical
curves, but the Tangential method is more commonly used for drawing hyperbolic curves.

4. Which of the following shapes is produced by the locus of a point lying on the circumference of a circle
as it rolls along a straight line?
= b.) Cycloid

A cycloid is a curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle as it rolls along a straight line. An
epicycloid is a curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle that rolls along the outside of another
fixed circle. It is a special case of a cycloid, where the rolling circle is externally tangent to the fixed circle.
A hypocycloid, is a curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle that rolls along the inside of another
fixed circle. The rolling circle is internally tangent to the fixed circle
Both epicycloids and hypocycloids are types of curves that can be generated by the motion of circles, but their
shapes and properties are distinct from one another and from the general case of a cycloid.
 5. Which of the following ratios is used to find the centroid of the following diagram?
= b.) 1:2

To find the centroid of the mixed shape of a rectangle and a square, the areas of the shapes were found as:
- Rectangle: 50
- Square: 25
The ratio of areas is 25:50 and when condensed = 1:2

6. Which of the following are the sequential steps in finding the centroid of a square?
= c.) III ,I, II

To find the centroid of a square: construct square, draw diagonals, identify centroid

7. Polar coordinates can ONLY be used to draw:

= b.) I & II only

The polar tracking command restricts the cursor to specified angles and therefore can also draw perpendiculars
as well.

8. Which of the following tasks is NOT in the dimension toolbar?

= d.) Boundary

a. Radius: This tool creates a dimension that measures the radius of a circle or arc.
b. Angular: This tool creates a dimension that measures the angle between two lines, arcs, or points.
c. Tolerance: This tool sets tolerance values for dimensions in drawings to indicate acceptable deviations from
the specified values.
the "Boundary" tool is not included in the Dimension toolbar. The Boundary command is a separate command
in AutoCAD that creates a closed polyline or region based on a selection of objects.

9. In CAD, the spline is best described as a

= a. ) smooth curve that passes through or near a set of fixed points

10. The first moment of an area is:

= a.) the measure of the distribution of the area of a shape in relation to an axis

As the formula: Ixx = A2*h2 states that the first moment of area about the x-x axis of the shape is equal
To the second derived shape’s area multiplied by the height of the shape squared.
 11. Which of the following icons represents “trim” ?
= d.) IV

12. Which of the following icons represents “scale” ?

= b.) II

13. Which of the sections represents the correct view taken through A-A?
= b.)

14. The first step in determining the centroid of a composite shape is to

= a.) identify common shapes

A composite shape is a mixture of two or more geometric shapes, in order to find the centroid of this shape
common geometric shapes must be identified to find the areas and then the overall ratio.

15. Using orthographic projection for the diagram above, which of the following views is correct, when
viewed from the direction of the arrow?
= a.)

16. Which view is indicated by the arrow?

= c.) Auxiliary Plan

An auxiliary projection is a view projected from a slanted edge on the object, by drawing perpendicular (90o)
lines on the edge, from the front elevation.

17. The primary reason for using an auxiliary view is to:

= d.) create a true projection plane

18. The isometric view of a sphere is always:

= b.) an ellipse

19. Which of the following diagrams represents the development of the truncated cylinder given the seam
S-S?
= c.)

The seam of an object is the position at where the two ends of the development meet, if the seam is on the right
the development would start from the left to right end, therefore, being the development with the highest point in
the centre of the development.
 20. The locus of a point which moves around the surface of a cylinder so that its axial and radial speeds are
in a constant ratio is known as
= a.) a helix

21. In completing the development of a surface the FIRST step is to:

= c.) determine the shape of the surface

Completing the development of a surface involves unfolding a 3D surface onto a 2D plane, which requires
determining the true shape of the surface in the 3D space. Once the shape is determined, the surface can be cut
along appropriate lines and opened up to form a 2D flat pattern (development).

22. Which of the following figures shows the correct lines of intersection?
= b.)

23. Which of the following types of pictorial drawing is shown?

= b.) Cabinet oblique

Oblique Projection (1-point perspective): In oblique projection, the object is drawn with one set of parallel
lines perpendicular to the picture plane and all other lines at an angle to the picture plane. There are two types
of oblique projection: cavalier and cabinet.

1. In cabinet oblique drawings, the lines that represent the depth or height dimension are drawn at
half-length and at a 45-degree angle from the horizontal plane, while the other lines remain at their true
angles. This results in a more realistic appearance of depth and height.
2. In cavalier oblique drawings, the lines that represent the depth or height dimension are drawn at full
length and at a 45-degree angle from the horizontal plane, while the other lines remain at their true
angles. This results in an exaggerated appearance of depth and height.

3. Isometric Projection (2-point perspective): the object is drawn using 30-degree angles between each of
the three axes. This results in a view where all three sides of the object are shown in their true
proportions and relationships.

4. Planometric Projection: Also known as "axonometric projection," planometric projection is a type of

oblique projection where all three axes are shown equally foreshortened (at 45 deg). This creates a view
where no single axis is shown in its true proportions, but allows for easy measurement of angles and
distances along all three axes.
24. Which of the following types of pictorial drawings has X, Y and Z axes and two of its angles between
adjacent axes equal?
= d.) Isometric

25. The MAIN purpose of transition pieces in duct work is to

= c.) allow pieces of different shapes to be connected

26. Which of the following ends views, when viewed from the direction of the arrow, shows the correct line of
intersection?
= c.)

27. The type of drawing shown above is

= d.) planometric

All three (3) axes are seen in the drawing and the base lines are at 45 degrees.

28. The distance labelled A is the

=b.) crest

29. The distance labelled B is the

= a.) lead

a. Lead: The lead of a square thread is the distance a screw thread advances parallel to its axis in one complete
turn. It is usually measured in inches or millimeters.

b. Crest: The crest of a square thread is the top surface of the thread, which joins the flanks of the thread at an
angle of 90 degrees. It is the highest point on the thread profile and is designed to mate with the corresponding
groove or valley of another thread.

c. Root: The root of a square thread is the bottom surface of the thread, which joins the flanks of the thread at
an angle of 90 degrees. It is the lowest point on the thread profile and is designed to mate with the
corresponding ridge or crest of another thread.

d. Pitch: The pitch of a square thread is the distance between two adjacent crests or roots measured parallel to
the axis of the screw. It is usually expressed in terms of the number of threads per inch or millimeter, and is used
to define the size and spacing of the thread.

30.) Which of the following sections is produced by the cutting plane?

= c.) Offset
a. Full section: In a full section, the object is cut in half along the cutting plane, revealing the internal features
of both halves of the object.
b. Half section: In a half section, only one half of the object is cut along the cutting plane, revealing the internal
features of that half while leaving the other half intact.
c. Offset section: In an offset section, the cutting plane is offset from the center line of the object, producing a
section view that shows both the external and internal features of the object.
d. Broken out section: In a broken out section, a portion of the object is removed and shown in an exploded
view, revealing the internal features of the object.

31. Which of the following identifies the horizontal timber member at the apex of a roof truss that supports the
common rafters
= a.) Ridge board

a. Ridge board: It is a horizontal timber member that runs along the peak or ridge of a sloping roof. It serves as
the uppermost support for the rafters and helps to distribute the weight of the roof evenly across the walls
below.
b. Hip rafter: It is a sloping timber member that runs diagonally from the corner of a building to the ridge
board. It forms the angle of the roof at the corner and helps to distribute the weight of the roof to the walls
below.
c. Eave board: It is a horizontal timber member that runs along the lower edge of a sloping roof. It forms the
overhang of the roof and provides a finishing edge to the roof.
d. Valley rafter: It is a sloping timber member that runs diagonally from the ridge board to the eave board at the
intersection of two sloping roof surfaces. It forms a "V" shape and helps to direct water and debris away from
the roof.

32. The MOST commonly used type of foundation type is the

= b.) Strip

a. Pile foundation: A pile foundation is a type of deep foundation that is used when the soil at the surface is not
strong enough to support a structure. It consists of long, slender columns (known as piles) that are driven deep
into the ground until they reach a strong layer of soil or rock.
b. Strip foundation: A strip foundation is a type of shallow foundation that is used for buildings with light loads.
It consists of a continuous strip of concrete that is laid on the surface of the ground and supports the weight of
the building walls.
c. Raft foundation: A raft foundation is a type of shallow foundation that is used for buildings with heavy loads.
It consists of a large concrete slab that covers the entire area of the building and spreads the weight of the
building evenly across the ground.
d. Step foundation: A step foundation is a type of foundation that is used on sloping sites. It consists of a series
of concrete steps that follow the contour of the site and provide a level base for the building. The steps are
supported by reinforced concrete beams that are anchored into the ground.
33. If each common rafter (including laths) of a gable roof is 14’ long, how many 16’ lengths of lumber
constructed 24” on centres will be needed to provide common rafters for a 30’ long building with no overhang?
= a.) 28

To calculate the number of 16' lengths of lumber required:

1. the number of 14' rafters needed for the 30' building.
Since the rafters are placed 24" on center, we divide the length of the building (30') by the spacing between the
rafters (2') and add one for the rafter at the end:
30' / 2' + 1 = 16 rafters

2. Each rafter is 14' long, so the total length of lumber required for the rafters is:
16 x 14 = 224'

3. To determine how many 16' lengths of lumber are needed, we divide the total length of lumber required
by the length of each piece:
224' / 16' = 14

Therefore, we need 14 16' lengths of lumber.

Answer: a. 28 (since we need two pieces of lumber for each length, the total number of pieces required is 14 x 2
= 28).

34. Which of the following types of architectural drawings is used to illustrate details of structural components?
= b.) Sectional

35. Which of the following is NOT feature on a site plan?

= a.) Landmark

36. Which of the following is a representation of the sectional detail at Z-Z?

= c.)

The reinforcement bars in the slab will be extended into the column to provide continuity and transfer of forces
between the slab and the column. This is achieved by providing vertical reinforcement bars in the column and
extending them into the slab.
The reinforcement arrangement will also include stirrups, which are used to provide lateral support to the main
reinforcement bars and prevent them from buckling under load. The stirrups will be spaced at regular intervals
along the length of the reinforcement bars and will be placed perpendicular to them.

37. Which of the following types of roofs is illustrated in the diagram?

= d.) combination gable & hip
38. The external dotted line represents the
= d.) eaves

39. The component labelled A is the

= b.) valley

40. The MAIN purpose of a legend on an electrical plan is to

= d.) explain fixtures

41. The diagram represents

= b.) a rough plumbing layout

42. The type of pictorial shown is known as

= d.) exploded isometric

used to represent the assembly of various components in a three-dimensional exploded view. In this drawing, the
individual components of a complex object are drawn apart from each other, as if they have been disassembled
and suspended in mid-air.

43. The type of perspective shown is

= b.) two-point perspective

● One-point perspective: In a one-point perspective drawing, all parallel lines converge at a single
vanishing point on the horizon line. This type of perspective is often used for drawing buildings and
other objects seen straight-on.
● Two-point perspective: In a two-point perspective drawing, two vanishing points are used to create the
illusion of depth and space. One point is placed on the left side of the horizon line, while the other point
is placed on the right side. This type of perspective is commonly used for drawing objects seen at an
angle, such as buildings and furniture.
● Three-point perspective: In a three-point perspective drawing, three vanishing points are used to create
the illusion of space and depth. The third vanishing point is located either above or below the horizon
line, which is used to draw objects from unusual viewpoints or perspectives, such as looking up or down
at a tall building.
● Multipoint perspective: A multipoint perspective drawing can have any number of vanishing points,
depending on the complexity and angles of the objects being drawn. This type of perspective is often
used for drawing landscapes or cityscapes with multiple buildings and structures seen from various
angles.
44. The purpose of the timber furring is to
= b.) provide the roof with a fall

45. The purpose of the element labelled A is to

= d.) prevent moisture from reaching the concrete roof

The purpose of preformed coping and capping in a flat concrete roof is to provide a protective covering over the
exposed edges of the concrete slab. Coping is used to cap the top of the parapet walls and to prevent water from
entering the wall system. Capping is used to cover the exposed edges of the concrete slab to protect them from
weathering and deterioration. Both coping and capping are typically made of precast concrete or metal and are
designed to provide a smooth and finished appearance to the roof edge.